Notes on the Narrative of Three Guatemalan Authors

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Notes on the Narrative of Three Guatemalan Authors Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Dissertations Graduate College 8-2014 Nationalism, Universality, and Globalization: Notes on the Narrative of Three Guatemalan Authors Marcie Noble Western Michigan University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations Part of the Latin American Languages and Societies Commons, and the Latin American Literature Commons Recommended Citation Noble, Marcie, "Nationalism, Universality, and Globalization: Notes on the Narrative of Three Guatemalan Authors" (2014). Dissertations. 310. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/310 This Dissertation-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. NATIONALISM, UNIVERSALITY, AND GLOBALIZATION: NOTES ON THE NARRATIVE OF THREE GUATEMALAN AUTHORS by Marcie Noble A dissertation submitted to the Graduate College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Spanish Western Michigan University August 2014 Doctoral Committee: Michael Millar, Ph.D., Chair Antonio Isea, Ph.D. Benjamín Torres, Ph.D. Kristina Wirtz, Ph.D. NATIONALISM, UNIVERSALITY, AND GLOBALIZATION: NOTES ON THE NARRATIVE OF THREE GUATEMALAN AUTHORS Marcie Noble, Ph.D. Western Michigan University, 2014 This dissertation examines various works of literature produced by three Guatemalan authors: Miguel Ángel Asturias (1899-1974), Augusto Monterroso (1921- 2003), and Rodrigo Rey Rosa (1958) in order to trace a trajectory in the narrative written by Guatemalans from a nationally focused literature to one that is increasingly global. The first chapter provides an overview of the study and clarifies the terminology applied throughout the dissertation. In chapter two I analyze El Señor Presidente (1946), Hombres de maíz (1949), and Mulata de Tal (1963) as key examples of Asturias’ nationally focused works, which continually represented and mythologized Guatemala. In chapter three I concentrate on the narrative of Augusto Monterroso, with whom Guatemalan literature moves beyond the boundaries of the concept of nationhood and toward a more cosmopolitan perspective. I examine short stories, fables, essays and anecdotes from Obras completas (y otros cuentos) (1959), La oveja negra y demás fábulas (1969), Movimiento perpetuo (1972), La palabra mágica (1983), La letra e (1987), and his only novel, Lo demás es silencio: la vida y la obra de Eduardo Torres (1982). Finally, Rey Rosa is studied in the fourth chapter as the more global author. This is shown through the analysis of his collection of short stories Ningún lugar sagrado (1998), and several novels: El cojo bueno (1996), La orilla africana (1999), Caballeriza (2006), and Severina (2011). Throughout the study, I use an interdisciplinary approach that incorporates the ideas of a wide array of scholars, including Benedict Anderson, Doris Sommer, Ulrich Beck, Ulf Hannerz, Kwame Anthony Appiah, Edward Said, and Bernat Castany Prado. © 2014 Marcie Noble ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to acknowledge my dissertation committee, whose patience and thoughtful reviews of my work have challenged me, encouraged me, and been an integral part of the shaping of this project. In the beginning of this process, I understood that through my research I would be learning more about this topic than one might believe possible. But I had no inkling of the journey of self-discovery upon which I was about to embark. And I wish to express, not only to my committee members, but also to the entire department, my profound gratitude for this opportunity. I also wish to thank my family and friends who supported me throughout my journey. Your love and understanding, hot meals, cold drinks, and general companionship have been invaluable these last several years. I am in your debt. Marcie Noble ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................................... ii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER II: MIGUEL ANGEL ASTURIAS ............................................................................................. 32 CHAPTER III: AUGUSTO MONTERROSO .............................................................................................. 73 CHAPTER IV: RODRIGO REY ROSA ..................................................................................................... 126 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................................................. 196 BIBLIOGRAPHY ....................................................................................................................................... 200 iii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION Central American Literature in general and, more specific to this study, Guatemalan Literature is an area that is often underrepresented in the canon of Hispanic American letters. In a study of Masters and PhD reading lists completed by Joan L. Brown and Crista Johnson, only two Central American born authors appeared on more than fifty percent of the lists. Nicaraguan poet Rubén Darío was present ninety-eight percent of the time, and Guatemalan Miguel Ángel Asturias achieved seventy-seven percent.1 The fact that Guatemala has suffered through decades of civil war and strings of ruthless dictatorships made literary production difficult, and the kind of fiction an author was producing could also be a predicament. Many authors and critics believed that politically committed literature—literature written with the goal of revealing the problems of the writer’s era and influencing change—was the only acceptable path in the region. This discourse can be observed as early as the post-independence era. For example, Jean Franco makes reference to the literary groups that were forming in Latin America in the first half of the nineteenth century, many of which “were constituted with the deliberate intention of encouraging a national literature” and “sometimes, these circles were political as well as literary.”2 Furthermore, Franco explains that Romanticism was a dominant topic of discussion for these groups, and in Latin America Romanticism was closely associated with notions of individual freedom and nationalism: “The new literature was thus identified with political and social reform in the minds of 1 Joan L. Brown and Crista Johnson, “Required Reading: The Canon in Spanish and Spanish American Literature,” Hispania 81, no. 1 (March 1998): 1-19. 2 Jean Franco, An Introduction to Spanish-American Literature (London: Cambridge University Press, 1969), 46. Reference to this discourse can also be seen in the first two chapters of Franco’s The Decline and Fall of the Lettered City (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2002), and Will H. Corral’s “General Introduction” in The Contemporary Spanish-American Novel (New York: Bloomsbury, 2013). 1 young intellectuals who held on to these ideals during dark periods of oppression, dictatorship and civil war. In such periods, literature was sometimes the only form of activity left open to them, so that the novel and even poetry came to be regarded as instruments for attacking injustices, and for creating a sense of partriotism and civic pride.”3 Narrowing the focus to the region of Central America, John Beverly has also argued that “literature was not only a means of revolutionary politics but also a model for it in Central America. Why this was the case had to do not only with the content of individual texts (i.e., with something that might be revealed by a hermeneutic or deconstructive analysis) but also with the way literature itself was positioned as a social practice by the processes of combined and uneven development in Central American history.”4 Werner Mackenbach has stated even more forcefully that in Central America, “la literatura se convierte en un arma en la lucha por la liberación (nacional)” and he explains: En esta estrecha relación entre política y literatura le es conferida a la literatura una función central en la construcción de la nación, sea en los movimientos guerrilleros como arma cultural para la realización de un proyecto nacional/social contra los vendepatrias (también en sentido cultural) ante el imperialismo del "gran hermano" del Norte, sea como proyecto de gobierno, en donde la literatura se convierte en una institución nacional.5 While evidence of political commitment has been highly valued in the isthmus, expressing commitment to a resistance movement could cost a writer his or her life. Writer/revolutionaries of Guatemala’s Generación comprometida, which formed after the 1954 CIA-backed coup of the left-leaning government gave way to military rule in 3 Franco, An Introduction to Spanish-American Literature, 47. 4 John Beverley, “‘Through All Things Modern’: Second Thoughts on Testimonio,” Boundary 18, no. 2 (1991): 11-12. 5 Werner Mackenbach, “Entre política, historia y ficción. Tendencias en la narrativa centroamericana a finales del siglo XX,” Istmo 15 (julio-diciembre 2007), http://istmo.denison.edu/n15/articulos/mackenbach.html. 2 Guatemala, considered works that were not overtly committed to the resistance movements of Central America as flawed or of less importance. One example of this
Recommended publications
  • ECFG-Guatemala-Feb-19.Pdf
    ECFG: Central America Central ECFG: About this Guide This guide is designed to prepare you to deploy to culturally complex environments and achieve mission objectives. The fundamental information contained within will help you understand the cultural dimension of your assigned location and gain skills necessary for success (Photo: Guatemalan President Jimmy Morales speaks with US Marines in Escuintla, Guatemala). The guide consists of 2 parts: E CFG Part 1 “Culture General” provides the foundational knowledge you need to operate effectively in any global environment with a focus on Central America (CENTAM). Guatemala Part 2 “Culture Specific” describes unique cultural features of Guatemalan society. It applies culture-general concepts to help increase your knowledge of your assigned deployment location. This section is designed to complement other pre- deployment training (Photo: Mississippi ANC medics assist Guatemalans in loading critically injured patients on to a C-17 Globemaster III). For further information, visit the Air Force Culture and Language Center (AFCLC) website at http://culture.af.mil/ or contact the AFCLC Region Team at [email protected]. Disclaimer: All text is the property of the AFCLC and may not be modified by a change in title, content, or labeling. It may be reproduced in its current format with the express permission of the AFCLC. All photography is provided as a courtesy of the US government, Wikimedia, and other sources. GENERAL CULTURE PART 1 – CULTURE GENERAL What is Culture? Fundamental to all aspects of human existence, culture shapes the way humans view life and functions as a tool we use to adapt to our social and physical environments.
    [Show full text]
  • Ten Years in Washington. Life and Scenes in the National Capital, As a Woman Sees Them
    Library of Congress Ten years in Washington. Life and scenes in the National Capital, as a woman sees them Mary Clemmer Ames TEN YEARS IN WASHINGTON. LIFE AND SCENES IN THE NATIONAL CAPITAL, AS A WOMAN SEES THEM. 486 642 BY MARY CLEMMER AMES, Author of “Eirene, or a Woman's Right,” “Memorials of Alice and Phœbe Cary,” “A Woman's Letters from Washington,” “Outlines of Men, Women and Things,” etc. FULLY ILLUSTRATED WITH THIRTY FINE ENGRAVINGS, AND A PORTRAIT OF THE AUTHOR ON STEEL. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON COPYRIGHT 1873 No 57802 HARTFORD, CONN.: A. D. WORTHINGTON & CO. M. A. PARKER & CO., Chicago, Ills. F. DEWING & CO., San Francisco, Cal. 1873. no. 2 F1?8 ?51 Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1873, by A. D. WORTHINGTON & CO., In the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. Case Lockwood & Brainard, PRINTERS AND BINDERS, Cor. Pearl and Trumbull Sts., Hartford, Conn. Ten years in Washington. Life and scenes in the National Capital, as a woman sees them http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbcb.28043 Library of Congress I wish to acknowledge my indebtedness, in gathering the materials of this book, to Mr. A. R. Spofford, Librarian of Congress; to Col. F. Howe; to the Chiefs of the several Government Bureaus herein described; to Mr. Colbert Lanston of the Bureau of Pensions; to Mr. Phillips, of the Bureau of Patents; and to Miss Austine Snead. M. C. A. TO Mrs. HAMILTON FISH, TO Mrs. ROSCOE CONKLING, OF NEW YORK, TWO LADIES, WHO, IN THE WORLD, ARE YET ABOVE IT,—WHO USE IT AS NOT ABUSING IT, WHO EMBELLISH LIFE WITH THE PURE GRACES OF CHRISTIAN WOMANHOOD, THESE SKETCHES OF OUR NATIONAL CAPITAL ARE SINCERELY Dedicated BY MARY CLEMMER AMES.
    [Show full text]
  • The Hispanic Literary Canon in U.S. Universities
    ISSN 2373–874X (online) 026-12/2016EN The Hispanic Literary Canon in U.S. Universities Winston R. Groman 1 Topic: Hispanic Literary Canon in the United States Universities Summary: This report analyzes the state of the canon of Spanish-language literature in U.S. universities through the reading lists provided to students by graduate programs in Spanish literature, as well as exploring its evolution since Brown and Johnson’s study about it in 1998. Keywords: Literary Canon, Spanish Literature, Latin-American Literature, United States, University, Readings © Winston R. Groman The Hispanic Literary Canon in U.S. Universities Informes del Observatorio / Observatorio Reports. 026-12/2016EN ISSN: 2373-874X (print) doi: 10.15427/OR026-12/2016EN Instituto Cervantes at FAS - Harvard University © Instituto Cervantes at the Faculty of Arts and Sciences of Harvard University 0. Introduction Dating back to the Ancient Library of Alexandria, the concept of the literary canon has proven to be a durable one. In its over two millennia of existence, literary canons have served purposes religious and secular, promoted agendas political and personal, and have worked to define and redefine the status of both the traditional cultural elite and, most recently, to reflect upon the role played by traditionally underrepresented minority cultures in the discussion of which texts are considered as definitive. By the 20th Century, the assessment of literary canonicity had become almost the exclusive domain of higher education, especially in the United States, binding
    [Show full text]
  • Texto Completo (Pdf)
    Los nuevos retos del viejo género de la crítica biográfica 80 Valenciana, ISSN impresa: 2007-2538, ISSN electrónica: 2448-7295, núm. 22, julio-diciembre de 2018, pp. 81-100. Los nuevos retos del viejo género de la crítica biográfica: el caso de Augusto Monterroso New challenges to the old literary genre of biographical criticism: Augusto Monterroso’s case Alejandro Lámbarry Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, México Resumen: El género de la crítica biográfica ha logrado reposicionarse en el espacio de convergencia entre las ciencias sociales y la literatura, con una metodología interdisciplinaria rigurosa que obedece a los criterios de veracidad de la historia. En este artículo nos interesa, primero, ex- poner los postulados teóricos de la nueva crítica biográfica y, segundo, desarrollar algunas conclusiones sobre la vida y obra de Augusto Monte- rroso, resultado de una investigación de archivo (en las universidades de Princeton y Oviedo) y de fuentes orales, bibliográficas y hemerográficas. Nuestro objetivo es asentar la importancia de la crítica biográfica (en teoría y práctica) para la crítica literaria hispanoamericana. Palabras clave: crítica biográfica, Augusto Monterroso, archivo, crítica literaria. Abstract: Biographical criticism is located in the crossroads between lit- erature and social sciences; it has a strict historical methodology and a penchant for narrative. In this article we want, firstly, to revise its theor- etic grounding and, secondly, its application in the life and works of Augusto Monterroso. In order to write about Monterroso we consulted his manuscripts and personal papers kept in the Princeton University and Oviedo University Libraries; we also conducted interviews to people 81 Los nuevos retos del viejo género de la crítica biográfica that were close to him.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 1995
    19 9 5 ANNUAL REPORT 1995 Annual Report Copyright © 1996, Board of Trustees, Photographic credits: Details illustrated at section openings: National Gallery of Art. All rights p. 16: photo courtesy of PaceWildenstein p. 5: Alexander Archipenko, Woman Combing Her reserved. Works of art in the National Gallery of Art's collec- Hair, 1915, Ailsa Mellon Bruce Fund, 1971.66.10 tions have been photographed by the department p. 7: Giovanni Domenico Tiepolo, Punchinello's This publication was produced by the of imaging and visual services. Other photographs Farewell to Venice, 1797/1804, Gift of Robert H. and Editors Office, National Gallery of Art, are by: Robert Shelley (pp. 12, 26, 27, 34, 37), Clarice Smith, 1979.76.4 Editor-in-chief, Frances P. Smyth Philip Charles (p. 30), Andrew Krieger (pp. 33, 59, p. 9: Jacques-Louis David, Napoleon in His Study, Editors, Tarn L. Curry, Julie Warnement 107), and William D. Wilson (p. 64). 1812, Samuel H. Kress Collection, 1961.9.15 Editorial assistance, Mariah Seagle Cover: Paul Cezanne, Boy in a Red Waistcoat (detail), p. 13: Giovanni Paolo Pannini, The Interior of the 1888-1890, Collection of Mr. and Mrs. Paul Mellon Pantheon, c. 1740, Samuel H. Kress Collection, Designed by Susan Lehmann, in Honor of the 50th Anniversary of the National 1939.1.24 Washington, DC Gallery of Art, 1995.47.5 p. 53: Jacob Jordaens, Design for a Wall Decoration (recto), 1640-1645, Ailsa Mellon Bruce Fund, Printed by Schneidereith & Sons, Title page: Jean Dubuffet, Le temps presse (Time Is 1875.13.1.a Baltimore, Maryland Running Out), 1950, The Stephen Hahn Family p.
    [Show full text]
  • Rainian Uarter
    e rainian uarter A JOURNAL OF UKRAINIAN AND INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS Volume LXIV, Numbers 1-2 Spring-Summer 2008 This issue is a commemorative publication on the 75th anniversary of the Stalin-induced famine in Ukraine in the years 1932-1933, known in Ukrainian as the Holodomor. The articles in this issue explore and analyze this tragedy from the perspective of several disciplines: history, historiography, sociology, psychology and literature. In memory ofthe "niwrtlered millions ana ... the graves unknown." diasporiana.org.u a The Ukrainian uarter'7 A JOURNAL OF UKRAINIAN AND INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS Since 1944 Spring-Summer 2008 Volume LXIV, No. 1-2 $25.00 BELARUS RUSSIA POLAND ROMANIA Territory of Ukraine: 850000 km2 Population: 48 millions [ Editor: Leonid Rudnytzky Deputy Editor: Sophia Martynec Associate Editor: Bernhardt G. Blumenthal Assistant Editor for Ukraine: Bohdan Oleksyuk Book Review Editor: Nicholas G. Rudnytzky Chronicle ofEvents Editor: Michael Sawkiw, Jr., UNIS Technical Editor: Marie Duplak Chief Administrative Assistant: Tamara Gallo Olexy Administrative Assistant: Liza Szonyi EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD: Anders Aslund Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Yaroslav Bilinsky University of Delaware, Newark, DE Viacheslav Brioukhovetsky National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, Ukraine Jean-Pierre Cap Professor Emeritus, Lafayette College, Easton, PA Peter Golden Rutgers University, Newark, NJ Mark von Hagen Columbia University, NY Ivan Z. Holowinsky Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ Taras Hunczak Rutgers University, Newark, NJ Wsewolod Jsajiw University of Toronto, Canada Anatol F. Karas I. Franko State University of Lviv, Ukraine Stefan Kozak Warsaw University, Poland Taras Kuzio George Washington University, Washington, DC Askold Lozynskyj Ukrainian World Congress, Toronto Andrej N. Lushnycky University of Fribourg, Switzerland John S.
    [Show full text]
  • Maize Genetic Resources of Highland Guatemala in Space and Time
    Seeds, hands, and lands Maize genetic resources of highland Guatemala in space and time Promotoren Prof. dr. P. Richards Hoogleraar Technologie en Agrarische Ontwikkeling Wageningen Universiteit Prof. dr. ir. A.K. Bregt Hoogleraar Geo-informatiekunde Wageningen Universiteit Co-promotoren Dr. ir. S. de Bruin Universitair docent, Centrum voor Geo-Informatie Wageningen Universiteit Dr. ir. H. Maat Universitair docent, leerstoelgroep Technologie en Agrarische Ontwikkeling Wageningen Universiteit Promotiecommissie Dr. E.F. Fischer (Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA) Dr. ir. Th.J.L. van Hintum (Centrum voor Genetische Bronnen Nederland, Wageningen) Prof. dr. L.E. Visser (Wageningen Universiteit) Prof. dr. K.S. Zimmerer (University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA) Dit onderzoek is uitgevoerd binnen CERES Research School for Resource Studies for Development en C.T. de Wit Graduate School for Production Ecology and Resource Conservation. Seeds, hands, and lands Maize genetic resources of highland Guatemala in space and time Jacob van Etten Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor op gezag van de rector magnificus van Wageningen Universiteit, prof. dr. M.J. Kropff, in het openbaar te verdedigen op woensdag 11 oktober 2006 des namiddags te vier uur in de Aula © Jacob van Etten, except Chapter 2 Keywords: plant genetic resources, Guatemala, maize ISBN: 90-8504-485-5 Cover design: Marisa Rappard For Laura and Hanna Acknowledgments This work was financially supported by Wageningen University and Research Centre through the CERES Research School for Resource Studies for Human Development and through the C.T. de Wit Graduate School for Production Ecology and Resource Conservation. I am grateful for having such good supervisors, who advised me on crucial points but also allowed me much freedom.
    [Show full text]
  • Naming Infinity: a True Story of Religious Mysticism And
    Naming Infinity Naming Infinity A True Story of Religious Mysticism and Mathematical Creativity Loren Graham and Jean-Michel Kantor The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, En gland 2009 Copyright © 2009 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Graham, Loren R. Naming infinity : a true story of religious mysticism and mathematical creativity / Loren Graham and Jean-Michel Kantor. â p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-674-03293-4 (alk. paper) 1. Mathematics—Russia (Federation)—Religious aspects. 2. Mysticism—Russia (Federation) 3. Mathematics—Russia (Federation)—Philosophy. 4. Mathematics—France—Religious aspects. 5. Mathematics—France—Philosophy. 6. Set theory. I. Kantor, Jean-Michel. II. Title. QA27.R8G73 2009 510.947′0904—dc22â 2008041334 CONTENTS Introduction 1 1. Storming a Monastery 7 2. A Crisis in Mathematics 19 3. The French Trio: Borel, Lebesgue, Baire 33 4. The Russian Trio: Egorov, Luzin, Florensky 66 5. Russian Mathematics and Mysticism 91 6. The Legendary Lusitania 101 7. Fates of the Russian Trio 125 8. Lusitania and After 162 9. The Human in Mathematics, Then and Now 188 Appendix: Luzin’s Personal Archives 205 Notes 212 Acknowledgments 228 Index 231 ILLUSTRATIONS Framed photos of Dmitri Egorov and Pavel Florensky. Photographed by Loren Graham in the basement of the Church of St. Tatiana the Martyr, 2004. 4 Monastery of St. Pantaleimon, Mt. Athos, Greece. 8 Larger and larger circles with segment approaching straight line, as suggested by Nicholas of Cusa. 25 Cantor ternary set.
    [Show full text]
  • OPTICS and the CULTURE of MODERNITY in GUATEMALA CITY SINCE the LIBERAL REFORMS a Thesis Submitted to the College of Graduate St
    OPTICS AND THE CULTURE OF MODERNITY IN GUATEMALA CITY SINCE THE LIBERAL REFORMS A Thesis Submitted to the College of Graduate Studies and Research In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy In the Department of History University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon By MICHAEL D. KIRKPATRICK © Michael D. Kirkpatrick, September 2013. All rights reserved. Permission to Use In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree from the University of Saskatchewan, I agree that the libraries of this University may make it freely available for inspection. I further agree that permission for copying of this thesis in any manner, in whole or in part, for scholarly purposes may be granted by the professor or professors who supervised my thesis work or, in their absence, by the department Head of the Department or the Dean of the College in which my thesis work was done. It is understood that any copy or publication use of this thesis or parts thereof for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. It is also understood that due recognition shall be given to me and to the University of Saskatchewan in any use which may be made of any material in my thesis. i ABSTRACT In the years after the Liberal Reforms of the 1870s, the capitalization of coffee production and buttressing of coercive labour regimes in rural Guatemala brought huge amounts of surplus capital to Guatemala City. Individual families—either invested in land or export houses—and the state used this newfound wealth to transform and beautify the capital, effectively inaugurating the modern era in the last decades of the nineteenth century.
    [Show full text]
  • En El Centenario De Ratil Contreras
    Ensayos de Francisco Andres Escobar, David Escobar Galindo, Ricardo Roque Baldovinos, Arturo Arias y Manlio Argueta. Entrevista con Claribel Alegria Un cuento de Alfonso Kijadurias En el centenario de Ratil Contreras 'URA Ministra de Educacion Cecilia Gallardo de Cano Viceministra de Educacion AbiRail Castro de Perez Presidente de CONCULTURA Roberto Galicia Director revista Cultura Horacio Castellanos Moya No. 77. Septiembre-diciembre 1996 Diseno: Tania Mata Parducci. Correspondencia y canje: 17 Ave. Sur No. 430, San Salvador, El Salvador, Centroamerica. Los editores no responden por originales no solicitados. Se autoriza la reproduccion de los articulos, siempre y cuando se cite la fuente, excepto aquellos tomados de otras publicaciones. Editorial Un hogar para el dialogo Ensayos Santos historicos y moralistas soci;iles Por Francisco Andres Escobar Retrato hablado de Salarrue Por David Escobar Galindo A proposito de Baron Castro y su Resena historica de la villa de San Salvador Por Diego Ropero-Regidor 21 Reinventando la nacion: cultura estetica y politica en los albores del 32 Por Ricardo Roque Baldovinos Roberto Armijo: voces en el tiempo, dialogos en el espacio Por Arturo Arias Un itinerario en la vida de Ido Lopez Vallecillos Por Manlio Argueta Entrevista La buena estrella de Claribel Alegria Por Miguel Huezo Mixco Especial En el centenario de Raul Contreras Poesia Poemas de Alfredo Ernesto Espino Celebracion de la rosa de Rolando Elias Cuento Las olas Por Alfonso Kijadurias Comentarios Jorge Luis Borges Por Augusto Montmso En torno a Desmesura de Hugo Lindo Por Horacio Pena Los ensayos de Gore Vidal Por Horacio Castellanos Moya Tinta Fresca Un hogar para el dialogo a revista Cultura ha cumplido 41 anos.
    [Show full text]
  • Contenidos Meso 1-50
    CONTENIDOS DE MESOAMÉRICA 1–50 1 CONTENIDOS MESOAMÉRICA 1 (1980) AL 50 (2008) 2 ÍNDICE GENERAL 1980–2008 Mesoamérica 1 (1980) CONTENIDO Presentación por JULIO CASTELLANOS CAMBRANES ARTÍCULOS VÍCTOR H. ACUÑA ORTEGA La reglamentación del comercio exterior en América Central durante el siglo XVIII The Regulation of Foreign Commerce in Eighteenth-Century Central America JORGE LUJÁN MUÑOZ Los caciques-gobernadores de San Miguel Petapa (Guatemala) durante la colonia The Caciques-Gobernadores in San Miguel Petapa (Guatemala) during the Colonial Period JULIO CÉSAR PINTO SORIA Acerca del surgimiento del Estado de Centro América The Rise of the State in Central America JESÚS MARÍA GARCÍA AÑOVEROS La realidad social de la Diócesis de Guatemala a finales del siglo XVIII The Social Structure of the Diocese of Guatemala at the end of the Eighteenth Century A. M. ZORINA El Tratado Clayton-Bulwer de 1850 y la diplomacia rusa The Clayton-Bulwer Treaty of 1850 and Russian Diplomacy J. JUDE PANSINI La situación de la salud de los trabajadores de las fincas en Guatemala Worker Health Conditions of the Fincas of Guatemala HISTORIA DEMOGRÁFICA RALPH LEE WOODWARD, JR. Crecimiento de población en Centroamérica durante la primera mitad del siglo de la Independencia nacional Population Growth of Central America during the First Fifty Years after Independence ÍNDICE GENERAL 1980–2008, PÁGS. 2–141 © 2008 MESOAMÉRICA CONTENIDOS DE MESOAMÉRICA 1–50 3 MICHEL BERTRAND Estudio demográfico de la región de Rabinal y del Chixoy en Guatemala Demographic Study of the Rabinal and Chixoy Regions of Guatemala CENTROAMÉRICA ANTE LOS VIAJEROS DEL SIGLO XIX KARL VON SCHERZER Las tribus indígenas de Guatemala The Indian Tribes of Guatemala FUENTES DOCUMENTALES Y BIBLIOGRÁFICAS CHRISTOPHER H.
    [Show full text]
  • Fungi As Source of Inspiration in Contemporary Art Corrado Nai1,2* and Vera Meyer1*
    Nai and Meyer Fungal Biol Biotechnol (2016) 3:10 DOI 10.1186/s40694-016-0028-4 Fungal Biology and Biotechnology COMMENTARY Open Access The beauty and the morbid: fungi as source of inspiration in contemporary art Corrado Nai1,2* and Vera Meyer1* Abstract The arts have the power to irritate, to provoke and to let us think and dream about the impossible. The relationship of the arts and fungi is not immediate; however, fungi are ideal subjects for artists. They are both visible and invisible. They irritate. They evoke within each of us different feelings and inner pictures. Some are perceived as disgusting or dangerous because associated with dirt or death. Others are appreciated for their unique and delicious taste in our eating culture. Microbiologists further consider them as useful for industrial exploitation or per se as interesting because they are gratifying objects to study basic phenomena of life. To stimulate a fertile and interdisciplinary dia- logue between artists and fungal scientists, we here present some examples of the inspirational powers of fungi and fungal science for contemporary art. Astonishing, poetic and perplexing artistic works could release scientific creativ- ity and overcome the boundaries between art and science. Keywords: Science and art, Bioart, Contemporary art, Fungi, Fungal-based materials, Burial suit “Ever tried. Ever failed. No matter. Try Again. Fail again. fight itself towards the summits suffices to fill a heart of Fail better.” Samuel Beckett (1906–1989) describes in his man. We have to imagine Sisyphus as a happy man” (vari- 1983 novella Worstward Ho [1] the very essence of the ant translation).
    [Show full text]