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Secure, Network-Centric Operations of a Space- Based Asset: Cisco Router in Low Earth Orbit (CLEO) and Virtual Mission Operations Center (VMOC)

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Secure, Network-Centric Operations of a Space- Based Asset: Cisco Router in Low Earth Orbit (CLEO) and Virtual Mission Operations Center (VMOC) NASA/TM—2005-213556 Secure, Network-Centric Operations of a Space- Based Asset: Cisco Router in Low Earth Orbit (CLEO) and Virtual Mission Operations Center (VMOC) William Ivancic Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio Dave Stewart Verizon Federal Network Systems, Cleveland, Ohio Dan Shell Cisco Systems, Inc., Richfield, Ohio Lloyd Wood Cisco Systems, Inc., Bedford Lakes, London, United Kingdom Phil Paulsen Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio Chris Jackson, Dave Hodgson, James Notham, and Neville Bean Surrey Satellite Technology, Ltd., Guildford, United Kingdom Eric Miller General Dynamics Advanced Information Systems, Vandenberg, California Mark Graves and Lance Kurisaki General Dynamics Advanced Information Systems, Los Angeles, California May 2005 The NASA STI Program Office . in Profile Since its founding, NASA has been dedicated to • CONFERENCE PUBLICATION. Collected the advancement of aeronautics and space papers from scientific and technical science. The NASA Scientific and Technical conferences, symposia, seminars, or other Information (STI) Program Office plays a key part meetings sponsored or cosponsored by in helping NASA maintain this important role. NASA. The NASA STI Program Office is operated by • SPECIAL PUBLICATION. Scientific, Langley Research Center, the Lead Center for technical, or historical information from NASA’s scientific and technical information. The NASA programs, projects, and missions, NASA STI Program Office provides access to the often concerned with subjects having NASA STI Database, the largest collection of substantial public interest. aeronautical and space science STI in the world. The Program Office is also NASA’s institutional • TECHNICAL TRANSLATION. English- mechanism for disseminating the results of its language translations of foreign scientific research and development activities. These results and technical material pertinent to NASA’s are published by NASA in the NASA STI Report mission. Series, which includes the following report types: Specialized services that complement the STI • TECHNICAL PUBLICATION. Reports of Program Office’s diverse offerings include completed research or a major significant creating custom thesauri, building customized phase of research that present the results of databases, organizing and publishing research NASA programs and include extensive data results . even providing videos. or theoretical analysis. Includes compilations of significant scientific and technical data and For more information about the NASA STI information deemed to be of continuing Program Office, see the following: reference value. NASA’s counterpart of peer- reviewed formal professional papers but • Access the NASA STI Program Home Page has less stringent limitations on manuscript at http://www.sti.nasa.gov length and extent of graphic presentations. • E-mail your question via the Internet to • TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM. Scientific [email protected] and technical findings that are preliminary or of specialized interest, e.g., quick release • Fax your question to the NASA Access reports, working papers, and bibliographies Help Desk at 301–621–0134 that contain minimal annotation. Does not contain extensive analysis. • Telephone the NASA Access Help Desk at 301–621–0390 • CONTRACTOR REPORT. Scientific and technical findings by NASA-sponsored • Write to: contractors and grantees. NASA Access Help Desk NASA Center for AeroSpace Information 7121 Standard Drive Hanover, MD 21076 NASA/TM—2005-213556 Secure, Network-Centric Operations of a Space- Based Asset: Cisco Router in Low Earth Orbit (CLEO) and Virtual Mission Operations Center (VMOC) William Ivancic Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio Dave Stewart Verizon Federal Network Systems, Cleveland, Ohio Dan Shell Cisco Systems, Inc., Richfield, Ohio Lloyd Wood Cisco Systems, Inc., Bedford Lakes, London, United Kingdom Phil Paulsen Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio Chris Jackson, Dave Hodgson, James Notham, and Neville Bean Surrey Satellite Technology, Ltd., Guildford, United Kingdom Eric Miller General Dynamics Advanced Information Systems, Vandenberg, California Mark Graves and Lance Kurisaki General Dynamics Advanced Information Systems, Los Angeles, California National Aeronautics and Space Administration Glenn Research Center May 2005 Acknowledgments The primary authors would like to thank all the people who helped contribute to the success of this project and to the information contained within this report. Many portions of this report were taken from internal documents and documentation, test plans, e-mail correspondence, and papers. Trade names or manufacturers’ names are used in this report for identification only. This usage does not constitute an official endorsement, either expressed or implied, by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Available from NASA Center for Aerospace Information National Technical Information Service 7121 Standard Drive 5285 Port Royal Road Hanover, MD 21076 Springfield, VA 22100 Available electronically at http://gltrs.grc.nasa.gov NASA/TM—2005-213556 iii Contents 1.0 Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................ 1 2.0 Background......................................................................................................................................... 3 3.0 Surrey Satellite Technology Limited (SSTL) ..................................................................................... 5 3.1 Satellite Characteristics ................................................................................................................ 6 3.2 RF Chain....................................................................................................................................... 7 3.3 Satellite and Ground IP Network ................................................................................................. 8 3.4 Operations.................................................................................................................................... 10 3.4.1 Resource management ........................................................................................................ 10 3.4.2 Scheduling .......................................................................................................................... 10 3.5 UK–DMC Satellite Bus................................................................................................................ 10 3.5.1 Architecture......................................................................................................................... 10 3.5.2 Spacecraft control ............................................................................................................... 13 3.6 Firmware and Software ................................................................................................................ 13 3.6.1 Pass-through firmware........................................................................................................ 13 3.6.2 SSDR flight software description ....................................................................................... 13 3.6.3 Image transfer application................................................................................................... 13 4.0 Cisco Router in Low Earth Orbit (CLEO) .......................................................................................... 15 5.0 Engineering Model Hardware............................................................................................................. 16 6.0 CLEO–SSTL Network Architecture................................................................................................... 18 6.1 SSTL Normal Mode of Operation................................................................................................ 19 6.2 CLEO Using Normal Operations ................................................................................................. 20 6.3 CLEO Using Mobile Networking ................................................................................................ 21 7.0 Secure Space-Based Network Architecture ........................................................................................ 22 7.1 Redirector..................................................................................................................................... 24 7.2 Ground Stations............................................................................................................................ 25 7.2.1 SSTL ground network......................................................................................................... 25 7.2.2 Engineering model flatsat network ..................................................................................... 25 7.2.3 Virtual flatsat network ........................................................................................................ 28 7.2.4 USN ground station network .............................................................................................. 29 7.2.5 Army Battle Labs ground station network.......................................................................... 29 7.2.6 Remote user network .......................................................................................................... 31 8.0 USN Ground Station Network ............................................................................................................ 31 8.1 Network.......................................................................................................................................
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