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S1755267211000431jra S1755267211000431jra Author Queries No Queries Marine Biodiversity Records, page 1 of 3. # Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 2011 doi:10.1017/S1755267211000431; Vol. 00; e0; 2011 Published online 1 2 First report of Macruronus novaezelandiae 3 4 (Gadiformes, Merluccidae, Macruroninae) 5 6 7 from Atlantic tropical waters 8 1 2 3 2 9 alfredo carvalho-filho , guy marcovaldi , cla’ udio l.s. sampaio and m. isabel g. paiva 10 1Fish-Bizz Ltda, Rua Maria Garcez, 39, Sa˜o Paulo, SP, 05424-070, Brazil, 2Projeto Tamar-ICMBio, Avenida do Farol Garcia D’A´ vila, 11 s/n, Praia do Forte, Mata de Sa˜o Joa˜o, BA, 48280-000, Brazil, 3Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Unidade de Ensino Penedo, Av. Beira 12 Rio s/n, Centro Histo´rico, Penedo, AL, 57.200-000, Brazil 13 14 15 The occurrence of the merluccid Macruronus novaezelandiae from tropical waters off Bahia, eastern Brazil, is reported for the 16 first time due to the capture of an adult of 712.3 mm SL in May 2008, from a depth of 400 metres. Until then no specimen had 17 been reported north of 32829′S on the South American Atlantic coast. This new record extends the species’ range to about 18 2500 km northwards along the Brazilian coastline and is the first ever from tropical waters in the world. A comparison of 19 the morphometric characters is provided. 20 21 22 Keywords: range extension, Macruronus magellanicus, deep-sea fish, Brazil 23 24 Submitted 11 December 2010; accepted 14 March 2011 25 26 27 INTRODUCTION also observed in several other species of the family belonging 28 to the genus Merluccius, already cited above. 29 Merluccidae is a world-wide commercially important gadi- To date, the northernmost specimen of Macruronus ever 30 form family which includes 19 species in two subfamilies: collected in the American Atlantic is deposited at the MOVI 31 Merluccinae and Macruroninae (Cohen et al., 1990; Lloris collection (MOVI 22606, one specimen, 354 mm total 32 et al., 2005; Matallanas & Lloris, 2006). Steindachneria argen- length (TL), 32829′S50816′Wto32836′S50819′W, depth 33 tea Goode & Bean, 1896, is actually placed in the family 350–420 m, May 2002), obtained at the Rio Grande do Sul 34 Steindachneriinae (McEachran & Fechhelm, 1998; Lloris coast, southern Brazil (Jules M.R. Soto, personal communi- 35 et al., 2005; Fahay, 2006). cation; Mincarone et al., 2004). The present record extends 36 Eight species of Merluccidae are known from South the range of the species to about 2500 km northwards along 37 American waters: the Pacific Merluccius angustimanus the Brazilian coastline and is the first ever reported from 38 Garman, 1899 from California to Colombia; M. gayi Atlantic tropical waters. 39 (Guichenot, 1848) from Peru and Chile; the southern cone 40 M. australis (Hutton, 1872), M. patagonicus Lloris & 41 Matallanas 2003, M. tasmanicus Matallanas & Lloris, 2006 MATERIALS AND METHODS 42 and Macruronus novaezelandiae (Hector, 1871) from Chile 43 through Patagonia to Argentina and southern Brazil Measurements were taken with a digital calliper to tenths of 44 (Macruronus); the Atlantic Merluccius hubbsi Marini, 1932 millimetres (mm); measurements over 150 mm to 300 mm 45 from Rio de Janeiro to southern Argentina and the Falkland were taken with a manual calliper to the nearest tenth of a 46 Islands; and Merluccius albidus (Mitchill, 1818) from Florida mm; measurements over 300 mm were taken with a ruler to 47 to northern South America, including northern Brazil the nearest tenth of a mm. Length of specimen is given in stan- 48 (Cohen et al., 1990; Haimovici et al., 1994; McEachran & dard length (SL). For details about capture techniques see 49 Fechhelm, 1998; Menezes, 2003; Lloris & Matallanas, 2003; Carvalho-Filho et al. (2009). Institutional abbreviations 50 Mincarone et al., 2004; Bernardes et al., 2005; Lloris et al., follow Sabaj Pe´rez (2010). 51 2005; Matallanas & Lloris, 2006; Costa et al., 2007; Melo 52 et al., 2010). 53 Recent morphological and molecular studies revealed that 54 Macruronus magellanicus Lo¨nnberg, 1907, described from 55 Chile, is a junior synonym of M. novazelandiae, which is con- 56 sidered to be comprised of two disjunctive populations (Lloris 57 et al., 2005; Olavarrı´a et al., 2006). The same distribution is 58 59 60 61 Corresponding author: 62 A. Carvalho-Filho Fig. 1. Macruronus novaezelandiae, TAMAR 045, 712.3 mm SL, immediately 63 Email: alfi[email protected] after collected. 1 2 alfredo carvalho-filho et al. 64 Table 1. Measurements of Macruronus novaezelandiae expressed as a Macruronus argentinae Lahille, 1915, Anales del Museo 65 percentage of head length. Nacional de Historia Natural de Buenos Aires, 26: 22, p. v, 66 Proportions Inada Cohen et al. Present Range figure 1. 67 (1986)∗ (1990)† study 68 common names 69 Snout length 22.8–35.2 30.3–45.5 26.8 22.8–45.5 Blue grenadier, longtail hake, Patagonian grenadier, hoki Inter-orbital 20.6–30.2 19.6–25.0 21.3 19.6–30.2 70 (English, New Zealand, Australia), Merluza-azul 71 space Eye diameter 24.4–35.2 21.7–31.3 21.3 21.3–35.2 (Portuguese, Brazil), Merluza de Cola (Spanish, Argentina, 72 Lower jaw length no data 62.5–66.7 60.6 60.6–66.7 Chile), Huaica (Spanish, Chile). 73 Upper jaw length 50.0–64.8 50.0–58.8 52.1 50.0–64.8 74 Pectoral fin 67.9–88.0 66.7–76.9 70.1 66.7–88.0 material examined 75 length TAMAR 045 (1, 712.3 mm SL), Brazil, Bahia, Sa˜o Joa˜oda 76 Pelvic fin length 48.9–71.7 47.6–62.5 56.7 47.6–71.7 Mata, Praia do Forte, coll. G. Marcovaldi, depth 400 m, 17 77 ∗ May 2008. 78 data adapted from given measurements; 18 specimens of Macruronus 79 ‘magellanicus’, 338–654 mm SL; †data of M. ‘magellanicus’ plus M. novaezelandiae. species account 80 Based on TAMAR specimen, Hector (1871), Ayling (1982), 81 systematics Inada (1986), Cohen et al. (1990), Cousseau & Perrotta 82 Family MERLUCCIDAE (2000), Lloris et al. (2005) and Bernardes et al. (2005); data 83 Macruronus novaezelandiae (Hector, 1871) of our specimen in parentheses; see also Table 1. 84 (Figure 1; Table 1) Body elongate, compressed, with a long tapering tail; first 85 dorsal fin short, second and anal fin long, continuous with 86 Coryphaenoides novae-zelandiae Hector 1871, Transactions caudal fin; anal fin origin considerably backward of second 87 and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute, v. 3 (1870), dorsal fin origin; pectoral fin pointed, its origin slightly to 88 1871: 103 (Port Nicholson, New Zealand). well ahead than pelvic fin origin. Head moderate, mouth 89 oblique and large; end of upper jaw about centre of eye; 90 synonyms snout elongate and blunt; inter-orbital space flat. Upper jaw 91 Coryphaenoides tasmaniae Johnston, 1883, Proceedings of the with two series of teeth, the outer larger; lower jaw with a 92 Royal Society of Tasmania: 143 (Kangaroo Bluff, Tasmania, single series of teeth; canine-like teeth present at upper jaw’s 93 Australia). tip; small teeth on vomer. Scales deciduous and large; lateral 94 Macruronus magellanicus Lo¨nnberg, 1907, Ergebnisse der line running from upper body behind opercle, down to 95 Hamburger Magalhaensischen Sammelreise, 1, Fische: 15, mid-body and to end of tail; lateral line scales 177–182 96 figure 2 (Smyth Channel, Chile). (179). Gill rakers slender, 6–8 (8) on upper limb, 21–27 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 Fig. 2. Macruronus novaezelandiae, distribution map (grey). first record of macruronus novaezelandiae off brazil 3 127 (24), 27–35 (33) in total. First dorsal-fin rays I, 10–13 (12); Cousseau M.B. and Perrotta R.G. (2000) Peces marinos de Argentina. 128 second-fin rays 96–102 (101); anal-fin rays 83–95 (92); Biologia, distribucio´n, pesca. Mar Del Plata, Argentina: INIDEP, 167 pp. 129 pectoral-fin rays 15–19 (19); pelvic-fin rays 8 (8). Blue Fahay M.P. (2006) Steindachneriidae. In Richards W.J. (ed.) Early stages 130 overall, darker on dorsum, sometimes with a purplish cast; of Atlantic fishes, an identification guide for the western central North 131 sides silvery light-blue to greenish-blue, belly whitish; fins Atlantic, vol. I, pp. 657–659. CRC Marine Biology Series, Taylor & 132 dark; inner of mouth blackish; iris pale-bluish brown. Francis Group, 2640 pp. 133 Maximum length 120 cm, usually 60–100 cm; maximum Haimovici M., Martins A.S., Figueiredo J.L. and Vieira P.C. (1994) 134 weight 5 kg, usually 1.5 kg. Demersal bony fish of the outer shelf and upper slope of the southern 135 Body proportions are given below, and it is important to be Brazil Subtropical Convergence Ecosytem. Marine Ecology Progress 136 reminded that comparisons against TL or SL might be Series 108, 59–77. 137 dubious, since the tip of the tail is often damaged and regen- Hector J. (1871) On a new species of fish, Corypahenoides novae- 138 erated; thus, the most trustful comparisons are against the zelandiae, the okarari of natives. Transactions and Proceedings of the 139 head length. Other than that, the body proportions from New Zealand Institute 3, 136. 140 Inada (1986) were done against SL, but that from Cohen 141 et al. (1990) and Lloris et al. (2005) were compared against Inada T. (1986) Merluccidae. In Nakamura I. (ed.) Important fishes trawled off Patagonia. Tokyo, Japan: JAMARC, Japan Marine 142 TL, thus leading us to not consider data other than those com- Fishery Resource Research Center, 369 pp.
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