Project Administration Manual

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Project Administration Manual Appendix 3 Project Administration Manual Project Number: 43405-025 Loan Number: 3078 (Tranche 3) October 2014 Multitranche Financing Facility Georgia: Urban Services Improvement Investment Program – Project 3 Appendix 3 Contents ABBREVIATIONS I. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 1 A. Impact and Outcome 1 B. Outputs 1 II. IMPLEMENTATION PLANS 3 A. Project Readiness Activities 3 B. Overall Project Implementation Plan 4 III. PROJECT MANAGEMENT ARRANGEMENTS 5 A. Project Implementation Organizations – Roles and Responsibilities 5 B. Key Persons Involved in Implementation 6 C. Project Organization Structure 7 IV. COSTS AND FINANCING 8 A. Detailed Cost Estimates by Expenditure Category 8 B. Allocation of Withdrawal of Tranche 3 Loan Proceeds 9 C. Detailed Cost Estimates by Financier 10 D. Detailed Cost Estimates by Outputs/Components 11 E. Detailed Cost Estimates by Year 12 F. Contract and Disbursement S-curve 13 G. Fund Flow Diagram 14 V. FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT 15 A. Financial Management Assessment 15 B. Disbursement 16 C. Accounting 17 D. Auditing and Public Disclosure 17 VI. PROCUREMENT AND CONSULTING SERVICES 19 A. Advance Contracting and Retroactive Financing 19 B. Procurement of Goods, Works and Consulting Services 19 C. Procurement Plan for Tranche 3 20 D. Consultant's Terms of Reference 27 VII. SAFEGUARDS 28 A. Social Safeguards 28 B. Environmental Safeguards 30 VIII. GENDER AND SOCIAL DIMENSIONS 34 IX. PERFORMANCE MONITORING, EVALUATION, REPORTING AND COMMUNICATION 38 A. Project Design and Monitoring Framework 38 B. Monitoring 41 C. Evaluation 41 D. Reporting 41 E. Stakeholder Communication Strategy 41 X. ANTICORRUPTION POLICY 46 XI. ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISM 47 XII. RECORD OF PAM CHANGES 48 Appendix 3 Project Administration Manual Purpose and Process The project administration manual (PAM) describes the essential administrative and management requirements to implement the project on time, within budget, and in accordance with Government and Asian Development Bank (ADB) policies and procedures. The PAM should include references to all available templates and instructions either through linkages to relevant URLs or directly incorporated in the PAM. The Ministry of Regional Development and Infrastructure (MRDI) and the United Water Supply Company of Georgia LLC (UWSCG) are wholly responsible for the implementation of ADB financed projects, as agreed jointly between the borrower and ADB, and in accordance with Government and ADB’s policies and procedures. ADB staff is responsible to support implementation including compliance by the Ministry of Regional Development and Infrastructure (MRDI) and the United Water Supply Company of Georgia LLC (UWSCG) of their obligations and responsibilities for project implementation in accordance with ADB’s policies and procedures. At Loan Negotiations the borrower and ADB shall agree to the PAM and ensure consistency with the Loan agreement. Such agreement shall be reflected in the minutes of the Loan Negotiations. In the event of any discrepancy or contradiction between the PAM and the Loan Agreement, the provisions of the Loan Agreement shall prevail. After ADB Board approval of the project's report and recommendations of the President (RRP) changes in implementation arrangements are subject to agreement and approval pursuant to relevant Government and ADB administrative procedures (including the Project Administration Instructions) and upon such approval they will be subsequently incorporated in the PAM. Appendix 3 Abbreviations ADB = Asian Development Bank ADF = Asian Development Fund AFS = audited financial statements CQS = consultant qualification selection DMF = design and monitoring framework EARF = environmental assessment and review framework EIA = environmental impact assessment EMP = environmental management plan ICB = international competitive bidding IEE = initial environmental examination IPMO = investment program management office IPP = indigenous people plan IPPF = indigenous people planning framework LARP = land acquisition and resettlement plan MRDI = Ministry of Regional Development and Infrastructure NCB = national competitive bidding NGOs = nongovernment organizations PAM = project administration manual QBS = quality-based selection QCBS = quality and cost based selection RF = resettlement framework RRP = report and recommendation of the President SBD = standard bidding documents SOE = statement of expenditure SPS = Safeguard Policy Statement SPRSS = summary poverty reduction and social strategy STP = sewage treatment plant TOR = terms of reference UWSCG = United Water Supply Company of Georgia LLC WSS = water supply and sanitation WEIGHTS AND MEASURES km – kilometer lpcd – liters per capita per day MLD – million liters per day Appendix 3 I. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 1. Improved urban WSS service is a key priority of the Government, as it is essential to improving the quality of life, attracting investment, and raising productivity and competitiveness. Recognizing the need to overcome current problems and constraints, the Government’s urban WSS sector development plan (SDP) for 2011–2020, approved on 31 January 2011, aims to ensure continuous and reliable water supply and safe sanitation services to all urban residents by 2020. The SDP’s policy and institutional reform framework has a strong focus on technical sustainability of WSS services, environmental and natural resource protection, public-private partnerships, tariff rationalization, prudent financial management, and improved sector regulation through an enabling legislative and regulatory frameworks for WSS services. 2. The SDP, which sets forth the road map and policy framework for the WSS sector, fits with ADB’s approach to the WSS sector development in Georgia. A framework financing agreement (FFA) for the multitranche financing facility (the Facility) MFF 0055: Georgia for the Urban Services Improvement Investment Program (the Investment Program) was signed between the Government of Georgia (the Government) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) on 1 March 2011. Subsequently, on 30 March 2011, ADB's Board of Directors approved the Facility for financing the Investment Program in an amount of $500 million. The Investment Program’s executing agency is the Ministry of Regional development and Infrastructure (MRDI), and implementing agency is the United Water Supply Company of Georgia LLC (UWSCG). 3. Project 3 is designed in line with the policy and development objectives of the Investment Program and that of Projects 1 and 2, comprising of technical sustainability, environmental protection, and institutional and financial sustainability. Project 3 will improve the water supply and sanitation (WSS) services in Ureki town and augment water supply in Kutaisi town, which are covered by the Investment Program. A. Impact and Outcome 4. The impact of Project 3 will be the improved health of residents in the urban centers of Ureki and Kutaisi. The outcome will be the improved water supply and sanitation services in the urban centers of Ureki and improved water supply services in the urban centers of Kutaisi. B. Outputs 5. Project 3 includes the following outputs (i) construction of new water supply and sewerage system in Ureki 1, and improvement in water supply system through rehabilitation, replacement, and expansion of water supply in Kutaisi; (ii) strengthened institutional effectiveness by operationalization of geospatial WSS management system and enhancing management capacity of UWSCG. 1. Component 1: Infrastructure Improvement 6. Under the infrastructure improvement component, the water supply system in Kutaisi town will be augmented through construction of three reservoirs of approximately cumulative 12,000 cum capacity, two pumping stations, and corresponding water transmission mains of approximately 11 km, and distribution network of approximately 158 km. In addition, a new 1 Excluding water supply headwork, pumping station and transmission main, which is proposed to be financed under Projects 1 and 2 as explained above. 2 Appendix 3 water supply and sewerage system for Ureki town is proposed comprising of approximately 30 km of water distribution network, approximately 69 km of sewage collection system, and about 3.2 MLD capacity of sewage treatment plant. A sewer cleaning vehicle, and water quality testing laboratory equipment are proposed to be procured under the project. Project 3 will benefit approximately 21,150 households by the end of the project period. 2. Component 2: Institutional Effectiveness 7. The second component will include (i) GIS mapping of water and sewerage network in about 25 towns, (ii) human resource development through WSS management program in Georgian universities, (iii) Creation of sex-disaggregated consumer database to develop targeted marketing campaigns, and (iv) establishing customer care units in the service centers, which are staffed by at least 30% women that informs, educates, and communicates on water, hygiene, and sanitation, (v) engagement of consultants to support IPMO, and (vi) capacity development and training support to staff including IPMO consultants. Appendix 3 3 II. IMPLEMENTATION PLANS A. Project Readiness Activities Who is Indicative Activities 2013 2014 responsible Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr Advance contracting actions UWSCG Retroactive financing actions UWSCG ADB Management approval ADB Tranche 3 loan signing MRDI and ADB Government legal opinion Ministry of provided Justice Government budget inclusion MRDI Tranche 3 loan effectiveness MRDI ADB = Asian Development Bank, MRDI
Recommended publications
  • World Bank Document
    Document of The World Bank FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized Report No: 66462-GE PROJECT APPRAISAL DOCUMENT ON A PROPOSED CREDIT IN THE AMOUNT OF SDR 25.8 MILLION Public Disclosure Authorized (US$40.00 MILLION EQUIVALENT) AND A PROPOSED LOAN IN THE AMOUNT OF US$30 MILLION TO GEORGIA Public Disclosure Authorized FOR THE SECOND SECONDARY AND LOCAL ROADS PROJECT (SLRP-II) FEBRUARY 21, 2012 Sustainable Development Department South Caucasus Country Unit Europe and Central Asia Region Public Disclosure Authorized This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (Exchange Rate Effective January 1, 2012) Currency Unit = Georgian Lari (GEL) GEL 1.66 = US$ 1.00 US$1.551 = SDR 1.00 FISCAL YEAR January 1 – December 31 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AADT Average Annual Daily Traffic MCC Millennium Challenge Corporation ADB Asian Development Bank MENR Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources CPS Country Partnership Strategy MESD Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development EA Environmental Assessment MRDI Ministry of Regional Development and Infrastructure EIB European Investment Bank NBG National Bank of Georgia EIRR Economic Internal Rate of Return NCB National Competitive Bidding EMP Environmental Management Plan NPV Net Present Value ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework ORAF Operational Risk Assessment Framework FA Financing Agreement PAD
    [Show full text]
  • Urban Development in Georgia
    Key facts and figures relating to housing and urban development in Georgia Nino Gventsadze Head of spatial planning department Ministry of regional development and infrastructure of Georgia Housing in Georgia Current conditions Housing in Georgia is characterized with long and deep systematic crisis which are caused by the following reasons: non- existent policy, non-sufficient legislative base and non-adequate institutional set-up. Georgian government still doesn’t have a well-defined, clear policy in the field of Housing, also not a single office directly governs and works on Housing issues neither on legislation or enforcement level. Estimated future plan in Housing • To define short, medium and long term priorities Short term priority – should focus on how to fix homelessness, clearly define the terminology, exact identification of beneficiary groups and setting criteria for people who will receive the support, launching an institution, drafting legislation etc. Medium and long term - should focus on large number of people who will be able to afford the Housing (affordable Housing), provide an adequate Housing, improve policy making in regard of construction and urban development, solving demographic issues in the country etc. Improvements In 2018, Government of Georgia has taken a duty in implementing a “Housing policy documentation and strategic plan”, for that reason in 2019, April a special committee was established who will define a strategic plan. So far consultations are taking place. It is planned to make an amendments in legislation (In Georgian legislation there is the only law, which is dedicated to housing and needs a great deal of revise and improvement) The Ministry of Internally Displaced Persons from the Occupied Territories and Refugees of Georgia has realized several projects: • Ministry purchased 300 accommodations from the Chinese company “Hualing” • Throughout the country, ministry purchased several accommodations from developers, reconstructed, built new constructions etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of Fisheries and Aquaculture Development Potentials in Georgia
    FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Circular No. 1055/1 REU/C1055/1(En) ISSN 2070-6065 REVIEW OF FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT POTENTIALS IN GEORGIA Copies of FAO publications can be requested from: Sales and Marketing Group Office of Knowledge Exchange, Research and Extension Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations E-mail: [email protected] Fax: +39 06 57053360 Web site: www.fao.org/icatalog/inter-e.htm FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Circular No. 1055/1 REU/C1055/1 (En) REVIEW OF FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT POTENTIALS IN GEORGIA by Marina Khavtasi † Senior Specialist Department of Integrated Environmental Management and Biodiversity Ministry of the Environment Protection and Natural Resources Tbilisi, Georgia Marina Makarova Head of Division Water Resources Protection Ministry of the Environment Protection and Natural Resources Tbilisi, Georgia Irina Lomashvili Senior Specialist Department of Integrated Environmental Management and Biodiversity Ministry of the Environment Protection and Natural Resources Tbilisi, Georgia Archil Phartsvania National Consultant Thomas Moth-Poulsen Fishery Officer FAO Regional Office for Europe and Central Asia Budapest, Hungary András Woynarovich FAO Consultant FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2010 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.
    [Show full text]
  • MUNICIPAL WATER and WASTEWATER SECTOR in GEORGIA Status Report
    MUNICIPAL WATER AND WASTEWATER SECTOR IN GEORGIA Status Report By David Melua 2015 Municipal Water and Wastewater Sector in Georgia, status Report Table of Content Current situation page 3 Institutional Setting page 6 Legal framework page 16 Key findings and conclusions page 21 Abbreviations GWP – Georgian Water and Power GEL – Georgian Lari GUWSC – Georgian United Water Supply Company USAID – US agency for international Development EIB – European Investment Bank ADB – Asian Development Bank A.R. - Autonomous Republic KfW - Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau MDF – Municipal Development Fund WED – Water Framework Directive AA – association Agreement 2 Municipal Water and Wastewater Sector in Georgia, status Report 1. Current Situation About 95% of the urban and 35% of the rural population is supplied by centralised water service. This indicates high network coverage by international standards. The actual performance of this system is a problem, however. Poor quality of the distribution network results in a water loss rate of 10-51%, and 40% water loss in Tbilisi. All urban households suffer interrupted supply, receiving water much less than 24 hours a day, in some cities as little as 8-10 hours a day. In rural areas the supply system often does not function at all. This affects mainly people living on higher floors of buildings, because of low pressure in the sys- tem. The major reason for that is the shortage of electricity supply due to a lack of payment and also physical shortages. The majority of the connected urban households can have potentially good water quality, as the main source is groundwater. Groundwater sources provide about 90% of the water supply apart from Tbilisi.
    [Show full text]
  • The World Bank Qualitative Survey on Disability and Living Standards in Georgia
    The World Bank Qualitative Survey on Disability and Living Standards in Georgia Report 2007 The World Bank Qualitative Survey on Disability and Living Standards in Georgia Report 2007 © PA Knowledge Limited 2006 PA Consulting Group 4601 N. Fairfax Drive Prepared by: PA Consulting Suite 600 Arlington, VA 22203 Tel: +1-571-227-9000 Prepared for: Fax: +1-571-227-9001 www.paconsulting.com Final Draft Analysis Report 4/26/07 Institute for Policy Studies (IPS) Institute for Policy Studies 10, Chavchavadze av. VI ent. Tbilisi, Georgia World Bank Tel/Fax:899532-220060 Disability and www.ips.ge Development Team Final Draft Analysis Report 4/26/07 Disclaimer This paper has not undergone the review accorded to official World Bank publications. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. i Final Draft Analysis Report 4/26/07 … Foreward Report has been prepared by PA_Consulting and The Institute for Policy Studies (IPS). The analysis was done by Tatyana Yamova and Nana Sumbadze, field work was carried out by Nana Sumbadze, Giorgi Cheishvili, Tamar Makharadze, Ekaterine Pirtskalava and Tiko Nozadze.
    [Show full text]
  • Realizing the Urban Potential in Georgia: National Urban Assessment
    REALIZING THE URBAN POTENTIAL IN GEORGIA National Urban Assessment ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK REALIZING THE URBAN POTENTIAL IN GEORGIA NATIONAL URBAN ASSESSMENT ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) © 2016 Asian Development Bank 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City, 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines Tel +63 2 632 4444; Fax +63 2 636 2444 www.adb.org Some rights reserved. Published in 2016. Printed in the Philippines. ISBN 978-92-9257-352-2 (Print), 978-92-9257-353-9 (e-ISBN) Publication Stock No. RPT168254 Cataloging-In-Publication Data Asian Development Bank. Realizing the urban potential in Georgia—National urban assessment. Mandaluyong City, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, 2016. 1. Urban development.2. Georgia.3. National urban assessment, strategy, and road maps. I. Asian Development Bank. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. This publication was finalized in November 2015 and statistical data used was from the National Statistics Office of Georgia as available at the time on http://www.geostat.ge The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by ADB in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area, or by using the term “country” in this document, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.
    [Show full text]
  • LEPL Tbilisi State Medical University First University Clinic Tbilisi Gudamakari St
    LEPL Tbilisi State Medical University First University Clinic Tbilisi Gudamakari st. N4 Aversi Clinic Ltd Tbilisi Vazha-Pshavela Ave. N27 b Neolab Ltd Tbilisi Tashkent st. N47 New Hospitals Ltd Tbilisi Krtsanisi st. N12 Medical Center "Cito" Tbilisi Paliashvili st. N40 Molecular Diagnostics Centre Tbilisi Lubliana st. N11 A Megalab Tbilisi Kavtaradze st. N23 Infections Diseases, Aids And Clinical Immunology Research Center Tbilisi Al. Kazbegi st. N16 Med Diagnostics Tbilisi A. Beliashvili N78 National Tuberculosis Center Tbilisi Adjara st. N8, 0101 State Laboratory of Agriculture, Tbilisi Zonal Diagnostic Laboratory (ZDL) Tbilisi V. Godziashvili st. N49 Medical World Diagnostics Ltd Tbilisi Lubliana st. N33 "National Genetics Laboratory" GN-Invest Ltd. Tbilisi David Agmashenebeli Ave. N240 Medi Prime Tbilisi Gabriel Salosi st. N9b5 PCR Diagnostic and Research Laboratory - Prime Lab Tbilisi Bokhua st. N11 Genomics Tbilisi Sulkhan Tsintsadze st. N23 Bacteriophage Analytical Diagnostic Center- Diagnose -90 Tbilisi L. Gotua st. N3 Ultramed Tbilisi Ureki st. N15 Medison Holding Tbilisi Gobronidze st. N27 Medison Holding Tbilisi Vazha-Pshavela Ave. 83/11 Medison Holding Tbilisi Kaloubani st. N12 Evex Clinics - Mtatsminda Polyclinic Tbilisi Vekua st. N3 Ltd. "Medcapital" - 1 Tbilisi D. Gamrekeli st. N19 Ltd. MedCapital - 2 Tbilisi Moscow Ave. 4th sq. 3rd quarter Ltd. "Medcapital" - 3 Tbilisi I. Vekua st. N18 "Tbilisi Adult Polyclinic N19" Ltd Tbilisi Moscow Ave. N23 JSC Evex Clinics - Didube Polyclinic Tbilisi Akaki Tsereteli Ave. N123 JSC Evex Clinics - Varketili Polyclinic Tbilisi Javakheti st. N30 JSC Evex Clinics - Isani Polyclinic Tbilisi Ketvan Tsamebuli Ave. N69 JSC Evex Clinics - Saburtalo Polyclinic Tbilisi Vazha-Pshvela Ave. N40 Tbilisi Sea Hospital Tbilisi Varketili-3 IV m / r, plot 14/430 "St.
    [Show full text]
  • Georgia: Urban Services Improvement Investment Program — Tranche 3
    ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT Semestral Report July 2018 Georgia: Urban Services Improvement Investment Program — Tranche 3 Prepared by “United Water Supply Company of Georgia”, LLC Tbilisi, Georgia for the Ministry of Regional Development and Infrastructure of Georgia and the Asian Development Bank This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. 3 ABBREVIATIONS ADB Asian Development Bank DC Design Consultant DEPRP Department of Environmental protection, Resettlement and Construction Permit DIPDR Department of International Procurement and Donors Relations EA Executing Agency
    [Show full text]
  • Residential Market in Georgia 2017
    Residential Market in Georgia PREPARED FOR: 2017 CONTENT Executive Summary 3 Country Profile 4 Business Environment 5 Economic Outlook 6 Residential Market Fundamentals 8 Tbilisi Residential Market Overview 9 Batumi Residential Market Overview 23 Kutaisi Residential Market Overview 30 Conclusions and Outlook 35 Appendix 1 - Real Estate Registration and Construction Permit 36 Appendix 2 - Primary Information Sources, Data Used for the Study, Definitions and Assumptions 39 Disclaimer 41 Colliers Georgia at a Glance 42 Colliers Global Stats at a Glance 43 ALLIANCE HIGHLINE 2 Colliers International Georgia EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In 2017, 235 residential projects were completed in Tbilisi and Batumi. Tbilisi, the largest contributor of residential supply in Georgia, completed about 200 development projects in 2017, comprising 11,160 residential flats in total. In the last decades, this is a record number of completions occurred on the residential market. Completing 35 residential projects, Batumi was the second largest contributor of large-scale developments in Georgia. Currently, developers are working on additional 600 residential projects in total. It should be noted that about 45% of Tbilisi’s residential construction work is being done by small-sized developers, while in Batumi large developers are doing the majority of work (64%). Transactions reached their highest point since 2012. In 2017, the number of residential transactions rose dramatically to a record 28,000 units, reflecting a 21% increase over 2016. The share of newly-built flat sales (54%) outweighed old flat transactions, due to the large number of newly constructed units that were built during 2017. In accordance with registered sales transactions, the overall transaction volume grew by 10%, reaching USD 1.17 billion.
    [Show full text]
  • Ancient Georgian Iron Metallurgy and Its Ore Base
    Geoarchaeology and Archaeomineralogy (Eds. R. I. Kostov, B. Gaydarska, M. Gurova). 2008. Proceedings of the International Conference, 29-30 October 2008 Sofia, Publishing House “St. Ivan Rilski”, Sofia, 248-252. ANCIENT GEORGIAN IRON METALLURGY AND ITS ORE BASE David M. Kuparadze 1, Dimitri V. Pataridze 1, Thomas N. Kerestedjian 2 1Caucasian Institute of Mineral Resources, 85 Paliashvili Str., 0161 Tbilisi, Georgia 2Geological Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia; [email protected] ABSTRACT. In the almost 5000 years long history of Georgia metallurgy has always played an important role. Its specifics, development, ups and downs and new reincarnations in other times and places, over and over again are the main story in this paper. Southern Georgian metallurgical centres are considered the birth place of the iron metallurgy of the world and have played leading role on the markets of the then known world during the whole Antiquity. In the Middle Ages, however, Georgian metallurgy is forced to hide in the Northern mountains to keep away from aggressive intruders and suffers from restricted ore base and isolation. The last flash of the Georgian iron metallurgy is seen in the South Eastern territory in XIX century. The present day Georgian metallurgy is entirely based on import. Introduction point of view Bolnisi and Alaverdi (present Armenia) districts. Georgian history dates back for several millennia, having its The Northern province covered the mountainous parts of the roots in the second half of the III mill. BC. Ancient Georgian Great Caucasus, at the areas of Abkhasia, Svaneti, Imareti tribe Tubal (Tuval) is mentioned in the Bible as founder of the and Racha (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Regional Development Programme of Georgia 2015-2017
    Annex #1 Regional Development Programme of Georgia 2015-2017 1 Table of Contents Chapter I. Foreword 3 1.1 General Provisions and Programme Adoption Principles 3 1.2 Programmme Structure, Methodology and Vision 3 Chapter II. Current Situation Overview– Economic and Social Conditions 6 2.1 Geographic Location and Natural Resources 6 2.2 Population and Demography 7 2.3 Physical Infrastructure 8 2.4 Environment 11 2.5 Economic Structure and Indicators 13 2.6 Labour Market, Education and Training 17 2.7 Investments, Innovation and Technological Development 21 2.8 Income and Poverty 23 2.9 Cultural and Recreational Resources 25 Chapter III. The Development Needs of Georgia’s Regions 27 3.1 Introduction 27 3.2 SWOT Table 28 3.3 Key Needs 29 Chapter IV. Institutional and Policy Context 34 4.1 Institutional and Policy Context in Georgia 34 4.2 International Agreements and Foreign Funding Sources 37 Chapter V. Programme Targets and Priorities 40 5.1 Introduction 40 5.2 Overall Objectives 40 5.3 Specific Objectives 40 5.4 Priorities 41 Chapter VI. Programme Measures 44 2015-2017 Regional Development Programme Guideline Form for Supporting the Monitoring of the Programme (Annex #2) 53 2 Chapter I. Foreword 1.1 General Provisions and Programme Adoption Principles The 2015-2017 Regional Development Programme of Georgia (hereinafter – the Programme) is a medium-term governmental document specifying the main goals and objectives of Georgia’s Regional Development Policy and its relevant priorities and measures. It also defines the necessary conditions for the balanced and sustainable socio-economic development of the country’s regions.
    [Show full text]
  • IAPT/IOPB Chromosome Data 19 TAXON 64 (5) • October 2015: 1068–1074
    Marhold (ed.) • IAPT/IOPB chromosome data 19 TAXON 64 (5) • October 2015: 1068–1074 IOPB COLUMN Edited by Karol Marhold & Ilse Breitwieser IAPT/IOPB chromosome data 19 Edited by Karol Marhold DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12705/645.34 Matthias Baltisberger & Babette Baltisberger Inula orientalis Lam., 2n = 16; Georgia, ID 30-91. Jurinea filicifolia Boiss., 2n = 36; Georgia, ShSh 1271. ETH Zürich, Plant Ecological Genetics, Institute of Integrative Kemulariella rosea (Steven) Tamamsch., 2n = 18; Georgia, RG, DCh Biology, Universitätstr. 16, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland; [email protected] & ShSh 1240. Pyrethrum balsamita Willd., 2n = 18; Georgia, RG, DM, ShSh & All materials CHN; collected in Germany, Schleswig-Holstein; GK 1286. collectors: BMB = Babette & Matthias Baltisberger; vouchers in Scorzonera dzhawakhetica Sosn. ex Grossh., 2n = 14; Georgia, TsG Z + ZT. & MP 1152. Taraxacum stevenii DC., 2n = 16; Georgia, ID 95-125. ASTERACEAE Tragopogon graminifolius DC., 2n = 12; Georgia, ID 95-142. Aster tripolium L., 2n = 18; BMB 15908. Hypochaeris radicata L., 2n = 8; BMB 15898, BMB 16655. BRASSICACEAE Leontodon autumnalis L., 2n = 12; BMB 16219. Coluteocarpus vesicaria Holmboe, 2n = 14; Georgia, ID 95-108. Draba supranivalis Rupr., 2n = 16; Georgia, TsG 1299. CARYOPHYLLACEAE Pseudovesicaria digitata (C.A.Mey.) Rupr., 2n = 10; Georgia, RG & Silene latifolia Poir., 2n = 24; BMB 15889, BMB 16678. DCh 1214. RANUNCULACEAE CAMPANULACEAE Ranunculus acris L., 2n = 14; BMB 15922, BMB 16809. Campanula trautvetteri Grossh. ex Fed., 2n = 90; Georgia, PCh Ranunculus sceleratus L., 2n = 32; BMB 15910, BMB 16359. 91-156. CARYOPHYLLACEAE Revaz Gagnidze, Tsiala Gviniashvili,* Irina Danelia & Arenaria steveniana Boiss., 2n = 26; Georgia, TsG & MP 1146. Giorgi Tedoradze Cerastium argenteum M.Bieb., 2n = 36; Georgia, ID 66-147.
    [Show full text]