FAMILY Centropomidae Poey, 1867 - snooks [=?Centropomatei, Centropomi, Centropomatida, Oxylabracidae] Notes: ?Centropomatei Gravenhorst, 1843:348 [ref. 32622] (family) ?? [ not mentioned, probably not based on Centropomus, not available] Centropomi van der Hoeven, 1855:412 [ref. 2182] (no family-group name) Centropomatida Poey, 1867:205 [ref. 32247] (family) Centropomus [also as Centropomatidi in Poey 1868:280 [ref. 3505]; stem corrected to Centropom- by Gill 1872:11 [ref. 26254], confirmed by Jordan 1923a:190 [ref. 2421], by Nelson 1976:219 [ref. 32838] and by Nelson 2006:342 [ref. 32486]; senior objective synonym of Oxylabracidae Jordan & Thompson, 1905] Oxylabracidae Jordan & Thompson, 1905:239 [ref. 2538] (family) Oxylabrax [also Jordan 1905:319 [ref. 31955]; junior objective synonym of Centropomatida Poey, 1867, invalid, Article 61.3.2]

GENUS Centropomus Lacepede, 1802 - snooks [=Centropomus Lacepède [B. G. E.], 1802:248, Macrocephalus Bleeker [P.] (ex Browne), 1876:336, Oxylabrax Bleeker [P.], 1876:264, Miranda Ribeiro [A. de], 1902:3, 7] Notes: [ref. 4929]. Masc. Centropomus undecimradiatus Lacepède, 1802 (= undecimalis Bloch 1792). Type by subsequent designation. Type is Sciaena undecimalis Bloch, renamed by Lacepède as S. undecimradiatus. Type designated by Gill 1861:48 [ref. 1768]. Spelled Centropoma by Duméril 1806:333 [ref. 1151]. •Valid as Centropomus Lacepède, 1802 -- (Fraser 1968 [ref. 21275], Rivas 1986:579 [ref. 5210], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:250 [ref. 24550], Orrell 2003:1287 [ref. 27053], Li et al. 2011:463 [ref. 32081]). Current status: Valid as Centropomus Lacepède, 1802. Centropomidae. (Macrocephalus) [ref. 448]. Masc. Sciaena undecimalis Bloch, 1792. Not available, name published in synonymy of Oxylabrax Bleeker; apparently never made available. •In the synonymy of Centropomus Lacepède, 1802. Current status: Synonym of Centropomus Lacepède, 1802. Centropomidae. (Oxylabrax) [ref. 447]. Masc. Sciaena undecimalis Bloch, 1792. Type by being a replacement name. Unneeded replacement for Centropomus Lacepède, 1802. •Objective synonym of Centropomus Lacepède, 1802 -- (Rivas 1986:587 [ref. 5210], Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999:250 [ref. 24550]). Current status: Synonym of Centropomus Lacepède, 1802. Centropomidae. (Platycephalus) [ref. 3710]. Masc. Sciaena undecimalis Bloch, 1792. Apparently not an original description. Miranda Ribeiro used Platycephalus Bloch & Schneider, 1801:58 [ref. 471] for Centropomus undecimalis, but Platycephalus Bloch, 1795 (in ) predates use by Bloch & Schneider 1801. •In the synonymy of Centropomus Lacepède, 1802. Current status: Synonym of Centropomus Lacepède, 1802. Centropomidae. Centropomus armatus Gill, 1863 - armed snook [=Centropomus armatus Gill [T. N.], 1863:163, Centropomus atridorsalis Regan [C. T.], 1903:627, Centropomus brevis Günther [A.], 1864:145] Notes: [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 15; ref. 1681] Panama Bay, (Pacific) Panama. Current status: Valid as Centropomus armatus Gill, 1863. Centropomidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Mexico to Ecuador. Habitat: brackish, marine. (atridorsalis) [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 12 (no. 72) (art. 64); ref. 13401] Río Vaqueria near La Tola, northwestern Ecuador. Current status: Synonym of Centropomus armatus Gill, 1863. Centropomidae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (brevis) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1864 (pt 1); ref. 13930] Tropical America, specific locality unknown. Current status: Synonym of Centropomus armatus Gill, 1863. Centropomidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Centropomus ensiferus Poey, 1860 - swordspine snook [=Centropomus ensiferus Poey [F.], 1860:122, Pl. 12 (fig. 1), Centropomus affinis Steindachner [F.], 1864:37, Centropomus macrochirus Poey [F.], 1955:245, Centropomus scaber Bocourt [F.], 1868:90] Notes: [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3499] Cuba. Current status: Valid as Centropomus ensiferus Poey, 1860. Centropomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Florida (U.S.A.) to Central America and to . Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (affinis) [Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe v. 1 (no. 5); ref. 21705] Demerara, Guyana; Rio de Janeiro and Cajutuba, Brazil. Current status: Synonym of Centropomus ensiferus Poey, 1860. Centropomidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (macrochirus) [Ictiologia Cubana. Posthumous transcription of original unpublished manuscript (1884) by M. Sánchez Roig and F. Gómez de la Maza v. 1; ref. 22481] Cuba. Current status: Synonym of Centropomus ensiferus Poey, 1860. Centropomidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (scaber) [Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Paris (Zoologie et Paléontologie) (Sér. 5) v. 9; ref. 16972] Belize. Current status: Synonym of Centropomus ensiferus Poey, 1860. Centropomidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. Species Centropomus medius Gunther, 1864 - blackfin snook [=Centropomus medius Günther [A.], 1864:144, Centropomus grandoculatus Jenkins [O. P.] & Evermann [B. W.], 1889:139] Notes: [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1864 (pt 1); ref. 13930] Chiapam, Guatemala. Current status: Valid as Centropomus medius Günther, 1864. Centropomidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Baja California to Colombia. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (grandoculatus) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 11 (no. 698); ref. 2342] Guaymas, Sonora, western Mexico. Current status: Synonym of Centropomus medius Günther, 1864. Centropomidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

Species Centropomus mexicanus Bocourt, 1868 - largescale fat snook [=Centropomus mexicanus Bocourt [F.], 1868:90, Centropomus constantinus Jordan [D. S.] & Starks [E. C.], in Jordan & Evermann, 1896:1125, Centropomus gabbi Fowler [H. W.], 1906:423, Fig. 1, Centropomus pellegrini Puyo [J.], 1936:213, Fig. 41] Notes: [Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Paris (Zoologie et Paléontologie) (Sér. 5) v. 9; ref. 16972] Oaxaca, Mexico. Current status: Valid as Centropomus mexicanus Bocourt, 1868. Centropomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Florida (U.S.A.) and the Caribbean to Brazil. Habitat: brackish, marine. (constantinus) [Bulletin of the United States National Museum No. 47; ref. 2443] Bahia, Brazil. Current status: Synonym of Centropomus mexicanus Bocourt, 1868. Centropomidae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (gabbi) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 58; ref. 15658] Eastern Dominican Republic. Current status: Synonym of Centropomus mexicanus Bocourt, 1868. Centropomidae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (pellegrini) [Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse v. 70; ref. 15298] Marais Leolong, Cayenne, French Guiana. Current status: Synonym of Centropomus mexicanus Bocourt, 1868. Centropomidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Centropomus nigrescens Gunther, 1864 - black snook [=Centropomus nigrescens Günther [A.], 1864:144] Notes: [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1864 (pt 1); ref. 13930] Chiapam, Guatemala. Current status: Valid as Centropomus nigrescens Günther, 1864. Centropomidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Mexico to Colombia. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

Species Poey, 1860 - fat snook [=Centropomus parallelus Poey [F.], 1860:120, Pl. 13 (figs. 2, 3), Centropomus heringi Fowler [H. W.], 1906:425, Fig. 2] Notes: [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3499] Havana, Cuba. Current status: Valid as Centropomus parallelus Poey, 1860. Centropomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Florida (U.S.A.) to Central America and to Brazil. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (heringi) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 58; ref. 15658] Suriname. Current status: Synonym of Centropomus parallelus Poey, 1860. Centropomidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

Species Centropomus pectinatus Poey, 1860 - tarpon snook [=Centropomus pectinatus Poey [F.], 1860:121, Pl. 13 (fig. 6), Centropomus cuvieri Bocourt [F.], 1868:91, Centropomus pedimacula Poey [F.], 1860:122, Pl. 13 (figs. 4-5)] Notes: [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3499] Havana, Cuba. Current status: Valid as Centropomus pectinatus Poey, 1860. Centropomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Florida (U.S.A.) to Central America and to Brazil. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (cuvieri) [Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Paris (Zoologie et Paléontologie) (Sér. 5) v. 9; ref. 16972] Santo Domingo. Current status: Synonym of Centropomus pectinatus Poey, 1860. Centropomidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (pedimacula) [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3499] Cienfuegos, Cuba. Current status: Synonym of Centropomus pectinatus Poey, 1860. Centropomidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

Species Centropomus poeyi Chavez, 1961 - Mexican snook [=Centropomus poeyi Chávez [H.], 1961:75, Fig. 1] Notes: [Ciencia (Mexico City) v. 21 (no. 2); ref. 9305] Laguna de Alvarado, Veracruz, Mexico, Gulf of Mexico. Current status: Valid as Centropomus poeyi Chávez, 1961. Centropomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Caribbean. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

Species Centropomus robalito Jordan & Gilbert, 1882 - yellowfin snook [=Centropomus robalito Jordan [D. S.] & Gilbert [C. H.], 1882:462] Notes: [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 4 (no. 254); ref. 10610] Mazatlán, Sinaloa, western Mexico. Current status: Valid as Centropomus robalito Jordan & Gilbert, 1882. Centropomidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Mexico to Panama. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

Species Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch, 1792) - [=Sciaena undecimalis Bloch [M. E.], 1792:60, Pl. 303, Centropomus appendiculatus Poey [F.], 1860:119, Pl. 13 (fig. 1), Centropomus argenteus Regan [C. T.], 1904:260, Centropomus undecimradiatus Lacepède [B. G. E.], 1802:250, 268] Notes: [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 6; ref. 470] Jamaica. Current status: Valid as Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch, 1792). Centropomidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: North Carolina (U.S.A.) to Central America and to Brazil. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (appendiculatus) [Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba v. 2; ref. 3499] Cuba. Current status: Synonym of Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch, 1792). Centropomidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (argenteus) [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 7) v. 13 (no. 76) (art. 31); ref. 15199] Barbados; Guyana. Current status: Synonym of Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch, 1792). Centropomidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (undecimradiatus) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepéde) v. 4; ref. 4929] Jamaica. Current status: Synonym of Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch, 1792). Centropomidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

Species Centropomus unionensis Bocourt, 1868 - union snook [=Centropomus unionensis Bocourt [F.], 1868:90, Centropomus altus Regan [C. T.], 1907:53, Pl. 8 (fig. 1)] Notes: [Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Paris (Zoologie et Paléontologie) (Sér. 5) v. 9; ref. 16972] Bay of Union, El Salvador. Current status: Valid as Centropomus unionensis Bocourt, 1868. Centropomidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific: Mexico to Peru. Habitat: brackish, marine. (altus) [Biologia Centrali-Americana Part 215; ref. 3629] Colón, (Atlantic) Panama. Current status: Synonym of Centropomus unionensis Bocourt, 1868. Centropomidae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Centropomus viridis Lockington, 1877 - white snook [=Centropomus viridis Lockington [W. N.], 1877:110] Notes: [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 1) v. 7 [for 1876]; ref. 17546] Río Mulege, Baja California, Mexico. Current status: Valid as Centropomus viridis Lockington, 1877. Centropomidae. Distribution: Eastern Pacific. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine

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Unavailable names, uncertain taxa

(genera)

Macrocephalus Browne [P.] 1789:450 [The civil and natural history of Jamaica; ref. 669] Masc. Not available, published in a rejected work on Official Index (Opinion 89). Also preoccupied by Macrocephalus Swederus 1787 in Hemiptera. Appeared as name in synonymy (not available) in Bleeker 1876:336 [ref. 448]. Based on Browne 1756:450 [ref. 30188]. Centropomidae.

(species) albus, Centropomus Rafinesque [C. S.] 1814:19 [Précis des découvertes et travaux somiologiques de Mr. C. S. Rafinesque-Schmaltz; ref. 3582] Rivers of U.S.A., including Chesapeake Bay, etc. No types known. aureoviridis, Sphyraena Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803:325, 327, Pl. 9 (fig. 2) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepéde) v. 5; ref. 4930] Martinique Island, West Indies. No types known. Type catalog: Bauchot & Desoutter 1987:101 [ref. 12478]. •Questionably a synonym of Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch 1792) -- (Rivas 1986:582 [ref. 5210]). Current status: Uncertain as Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch 1792). Centropomidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. fasciatus, Centropomus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1802:722, 723 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepéde) v. 4; ref. 4929] No locality. Centropomidae. loubina, Perca Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1802:397, 418 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepéde) v. 4; ref. 4929] Cayenne, French Guiana. Holotype (unique): MNHN (not found). Type catalog: Bauchot & Desoutter 1987:100 [ref. 12478]. •Questionably a synonym of Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch 1792) -- (Rivas 1986:594 [ref. 5210]). Current status: Uncertain as Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch 1792). Centropomidae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. marinus, Lucius Plumier [C.] in Lacepède 1803:327 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepéde) v. 5; ref. 4930] Not available, name only in account of Sphyraena aureoviridis Lacepède 1803. Centropomidae. perculus, Centropomus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1802:722, 723 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepéde) v. 4; ref. 4929] No locality. Family placement may be incorrect. Centropomidae. sexlineatus, Centropomus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1803:689, 690 [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepéde) v. 5; ref. 4930] East Indies. No types known. Type catalog: Bauchot et al. 1984:39 [ref. 19232]. Originally sex-lineatus. Family may be incorrect. Centropomidae.