Unification of Germany 1815–1867 300 Km 200 Miles of EAST EMPIRE RUSSIAN PRUSSIA KRAKOW REPUBLIC 100 150 SILESIA 0 0 AUSTRIAN EMPIRE* Sadowa Vienna SWEDEN Gastein

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Unification of Germany 1815–1867 300 Km 200 Miles of EAST EMPIRE RUSSIAN PRUSSIA KRAKOW REPUBLIC 100 150 SILESIA 0 0 AUSTRIAN EMPIRE* Sadowa Vienna SWEDEN Gastein

© Diagram Unification ofGermany THE AGEOFREVOLUTION WORLD HISTORY ONFILE™ WORLD HISTORY EVENTS 1815 1815 Congress of Vienna establishes German Confederation (replacing the old Holy Roman Empire)—loose Prussia 1815 SWEDEN defensive alliance of 39 independent states. Popular demands for a unified German state put aside Prussian gains by 1867 States joining Prussia to form the North German DENMARK 1825 Confederation 1867 Additional states SCHLESWIG 1848–1849 Revolution in Germany follows success of forming the German February Revolution in Paris. Liberal government reforms Empire 1871 NATIONALISM, STATE BUILDING&SOCIALREFORM1830–1914 STATE NATIONALISM, instituted. Attempts by Prussia to establish union of northern EAST 1815–1867 German states by agreement fails HOLSTEIN PRUSSIA 1859–1861 Unification of Italy. Leads to renewal of popular 1835 demand for German unification HANOVER 1862 Otto von Bismarck becomes chancellor (chief minister) NETHERLANDS All electronic storage,reproduction, ortransmittal iscopyrightprotected bythepublisher. of Prussia—a brilliant diplomat and politician and chief architect Berlin of German unification RUSSIAN 1863 King Frederick VII of Denmark annexes Duchy of BELGIUM EMPIRE Schleswig and claims control of Duchy of Holstein (Holstein is SILESIA 1845 a member of the German Confederation) LUXEMBURGLUXEMBOURG SAXONY 1864 Prussia and Austria ally and invade Denmark, forcing Prague Frederick VII to withdraw. Austria controls Holstein; Prussia Sedan Sadowa controls Schleswig (Convention of Gastein, 1865) REPUBLIC Paris LORRAINE OF Jun–Aug 1866 Seven Weeks’ War. Prussia occupies Holstein. KRAKOW Bavaria, Saxony, Hanover, and other German states ally with Austria. Prussia declares German Confederation dissolved ALSACE BAVARIA 1855 Vienna Jul 1866 Battle of Sadowa. Prussia defeats Austria and allies. Formation of North German Confederation (1867) under FRANCE SWITZERLAND AUSTRIAN EMPIRE* Prussian control. Bismarck governs foreign policy and military Gastein 1870–1871 Franco-Prussian War (provoked by French and Border of German Prussian involvement in disputes over succession to Spanish Confederation throne). Prussia and North German Confederation supported 1815 Published byFacts OnFile,Inc. by southern German states against France 1865 Sep 1870 Battle of Sedan. French are completely defeated by Border of German Empire 1871 German forces. Germans besiege Paris Land battle 1871 Founding of German Empire. Following wartime 0 100 200 miles cooperation, southern German states join northern ones. King * Austro-Hungarian William I of Prussia is German Emperor (Kaiser); Alsace and Empire from 1867 ITALY 0 150 300 km 1875 Lorraine, occupied during war, become part of Germany 4.05.

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