City of Brimbank

2011 Census results

Comparison year: 2006 Benchmark area: Greater Melbourne

community profile

Compiled and presented in profile.id®. http://profile.id.com.au/brimbank Table of contents

Estimated Resident Population (ERP) 2 Population highlights 4 About the areas 6 Five year age groups 9 Ancestry 12 Birthplace 15 Year of arrival in Australia 17 Proficiency in English 19 Language spoken at home 22 Religion 25 Qualifications 27 Highest level of schooling 29 Education institution attending 32 Need for assistance 35 Employment status 38 Industry sectors of employment 41 Occupations of employment 44 Method of travel to work 47 Volunteer work 49 Unpaid care 51 Individual income 53 Household income 55 Households summary 57 Household size 60 Dwelling type 63 Number of bedrooms per dwelling 65 Internet connection 67 Number of cars per household 69 Housing tenure 72 Housing loan repayments 74 Housing rental payments 76 SEIFA - disadvantage 79 About the community profile 80 Estimated Resident Population (ERP) The Estimated Resident Population is the OFFICIAL City of Brimbank population for 2012. Populations are counted and estimated in various ways. The most comprehensive population count available in Australia is derived from the Census of Population and Housing conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics every five years. However the Census count is NOT the official population of the City of Brimbank. To provide a more accurate population figure which is updated more frequently than every five years, the Australian Bureau of Statistics also produces "Estimated Resident Population" (ERP) numbers for the City of Brimbank. See data notes for a detailed explanation of different population types, how they are calculated and when to use each one.

Estimated Resident Population (ERP)

City of Brimbank

Change in Change in Year (ending June 30) Number number percent 2001 168,247 -- --

2002 170,681 +2,434 +1.45

2003 171,989 +1,308 +0.77

2004 172,931 +942 +0.55

2005 174,394 +1,463 +0.85

2006 176,003 +1,609 +0.92

2007 177,827 +1,824 +1.04

2008 181,030 +3,203 +1.80

2009 185,763 +4,733 +2.61

2010 188,496 +2,733 +1.47

2011 191,084 +2,588 +1.37

2012 193,168 +2,084 +1.09

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Regional Population Growth, Australia (3218.0). Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id The population experts

Page 3 of 82 Estimated Resident Population (ERP)

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Regional Population Growth, Australia (3218.0). Compiled and presented by .id the population experts Annual change in Estimated Resident Population (ERP)

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Regional Population Growth, Australia (3218.0). Compiled and presented by .id the population experts

Page 4 of 82 Population highlights 2011 City of Brimbank Greater Melbourne Victoria Australia

36 37 37 Median age 35

Median weekly $1,333 $1,216 $1,234 household $1,106 income

Couples with 38% children 34% 32% 31%

9% 9% Older couples 8% without children 8%

Medium and 28% 23% 25% high density 13% Housing

Households 35% with a 34% 34% mortgage 33%

$300 $277 $285 Median weekly rent $265

26% 26% 29% Households renting 22%

Non-English speaking 43% backgrounds 24% 20% 16%

5% 5% University 4% attendance 4%

24% 21% 19% Bachelor or Higher degree 13%

15% 16% 18% Vocational 14%

14% Public transport 12% (to work) 11% 10%

Page 5 of 82 Unemployment 8% 6% 5% 6%

SEIFA index of 1020 1010 1002 disadvantage 926 2011

Page 6 of 82 About the area Location and boundaries The City of Brimbank is located in the western and north-western suburbs of Melbourne, between 11 and 23 kilometres west and north-west of the Melbourne GPO. The City of Brimbank is bounded by the City of Hume in the north, the Cities of Maribyrnong and Moonee Valley in the east, the Cities of Hobsons Bay and Wyndham in the south, and the City of Melton in the west. The City's boundaries are Thompsons Road, Column Gully, Jacksons Creek, the Maribyrnong River, Keilor Park Drive and Sharps Road in the north, the standard gauge railway, the Maribyrnong River, Duke Street, Stony Creek and the Melbourne-Bendigo railway line in the east, Geelong Road, Kororoit Creek and Boundary Road in the south, and Robinsons Road, Kororoit Creek, the western boundary of Kings Park, Delahey and Sydenham and the Melbourne-Bendigo railway in the west. Name origin Brimbank is named after Brimbank Park in Keilor, which was opened in 1976. The park, which was formerly parkland, derived its name from the practice of the locals driving their stock 'around the brim of the bank' of the Maribyrnong River.

Important Population Land area Population density Statistics 182,732 12,335 14.81 2011 Usual residents hectares (123 persons per hectare Km2)

City of Brimbank

Legend Suburbs City of Brimbank St Albans (Total) overlay Wards Districts

Page 7 of 82 Settlement history European settlement dates from the 1830s when farmers moved into the Keilor Plains. Keilor began its existence in the late 1840s and was officially laid out in 1850. During the goldrush it grew substantially as a stopover point for travel to the goldfields. St Albans was first established as a township in 1887. The town was promoted as an attractive location for professionals who had easy access to central Melbourne with the newly constructed railway station. Development of St Albans slowed however with the depression of the late 1890s. Sunshine was also subdivided originally in the 1880s land boom, when the railway junction attracted industry and population. Development from the original settlements of Keilor, St Albans and Sunshine spread rapidly after the Second World War as significant numbers of overseas migrants settled in the area. Rapid growth took place during the 1970s and 1980s. The population increased during the 1990s, with growth continuing between 2001 and 2011. The population grew from about 137,000 in 1991 to about 182,000 in 2011. Much of the growth during this period has been in Delahey, Sydenham and Taylors Lakes, and more recently in Cairnlea, Deer Park and Derrimut. Land use Land use The City of Brimbank is a growing residential area, with substantial industrial and commercial areas. The City encompasses a total land area of 123 square kilometres. Transport The City of Brimbank is served by the Calder Freeway, the Western Ring Road, Ballarat Road and the Sydenham, Melbourne-Ballarat and Melbourne-Bendigo railway lines. Major features Major features of the City include Victoria University (St Albans and Sunshine Campuses), Calder Park Motorsport Complex, Watergardens Town Centre, Sunshine Marketplace Shopping Centre, Brimbank Central Shopping Centre, Sunshine Hospital, St Albans Leisure Centre, Sunshine Leisure Centre, Sunshine Golf Club, Keilor Public Golf Course, Organ Pipes National Park, Mount Derrimut Nature Conservation Reserve (Mount Derrimut Grasslands), Green Gully Reserve, Keilor Park Recreation Reserve, Brimbank Park and Iramoo Wildflower Grassland Reserve. Indigenous background The original inhabitants of the Brimbank area were the Wurundjeri Aboriginal people. Included areas The City of Brimbank includes the suburbs of Albanvale, Albion, Ardeer, Brooklyn (part), Cairnlea, Calder Park, Deer Park, Delahey, Derrimut, Hillside (part), Kealba, Keilor (part), Keilor Downs, Keilor East (part), Keilor Lodge, Keilor North, Keilor Park, Kings Park, St Albans, Sunshine, Sunshine North, Sunshine West, Sydenham, Taylors Lakes and Tullamarine (part).

Page 8 of 82 Five year age groups The Age Structure of the City of Brimbank provides key insights into the level of demand for age based services and facilities such as child care. It is also an indicator of the City of Brimbank's residential role and function and how it is likely to change in the future. Five year age groups present a classic age profile of the population. Each age group covers exactly five years, which enables direct comparison between each group. To get a more complete picture the City of Brimbank's Age Structure should be viewed in conjunction with Household Types and Dwelling Types.

Age structure - Five year age groups

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Five year age groups Greater Greater (years) Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 0 to 4 11,969 6.6 6.5 10,858 6.5 6.3 +1,111

5 to 9 11,306 6.2 6.0 11,459 6.8 6.3 -153

10 to 14 11,520 6.3 5.9 12,184 7.2 6.4 -664

15 to 19 12,702 7.0 6.3 12,366 7.4 6.7 +336

20 to 24 14,349 7.9 7.5 12,762 7.6 7.4 +1,587

25 to 29 15,313 8.4 7.9 11,951 7.1 7.1 +3,362

30 to 34 13,649 7.5 7.5 12,358 7.3 7.7 +1,291

35 to 39 13,136 7.2 7.5 12,619 7.5 7.9 +517

40 to 44 12,970 7.1 7.5 12,321 7.3 7.5 +649

45 to 49 12,251 6.7 6.9 12,134 7.2 7.2 +117

50 to 54 11,934 6.5 6.4 11,595 6.9 6.4 +339

55 to 59 10,912 6.0 5.6 10,429 6.2 5.9 +483

60 to 64 9,747 5.3 5.1 7,497 4.5 4.5 +2,250

65 to 69 6,916 3.8 3.9 5,717 3.4 3.6 +1,199

70 to 74 5,246 2.9 3.0 4,531 2.7 3.0 +715

75 to 79 3,889 2.1 2.4 3,536 2.1 2.6 +353

80 to 84 2,730 1.5 2.0 2,421 1.4 2.0 +309

85 and over 2,193 1.2 1.8 1,481 0.9 1.6 +712

Total 182,732 100.0 100.0 168,219 100.0 100.0 +14,513

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 9 of 82 Five year age structure, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Change in five year age structure, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 10 of 82 Dominant groups Analysis of the five year age groups of the City of Brimbank in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a higher proportion of people in the younger age groups (under 15) and a lower proportion of people in the older age groups (65+). Overall, 19.0% of the population was aged between 0 and 15, and 11.5% were aged 65 years and over, compared with 18.5% and 13.1% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the age structure of the City of Brimbank and Greater Melbourne were: A larger percentage of persons aged 15 to 19 (7.0% compared to 6.3%) A smaller percentage of persons aged 85 and over (1.2% compared to 1.8%) Emerging groups From 2006 to 2011, City of Brimbank's population increased by 14,513 people (8.6%). This represents an average annual population change of 1.67% per year over the period. The largest changes in age structure in this area between 2006 and 2011 were in the age groups: 25 to 29 (+3,362 persons) 60 to 64 (+2,250 persons) 20 to 24 (+1,587 persons) 30 to 34 (+1,291 persons)

Page 11 of 82 Ancestry Ancestry defines the cultural association and ethnic background of an individual going back three generations. Ancestry is a good measure of the total size of cultural groups in the City of Brimbank regardless of where they were born or what language they speak. Ancestry data, should be combined with data on Birthplace, Language Spoken at Home and Religion for a more complete picture of the City of Brimbank's ethnic characteristics.

Ancestry - ranked by size

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Ancestry Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Australian 23,489 12.9 26.4 25,320 15.1 30.2 -1,831

Vietnamese 23,312 12.8 2.0 17,963 10.7 1.7 +5,349

English 21,653 11.8 26.9 19,818 11.8 25.7 +1,835

Italian 12,859 7.0 7.0 13,110 7.8 7.2 -251

Maltese 12,283 6.7 1.6 13,657 8.1 1.6 -1,374

Chinese 10,715 5.9 6.1 8,565 5.1 5.0 +2,150

Indian 7,907 4.3 3.2 3,693 2.2 1.9 +4,214

Greek 7,135 3.9 3.9 7,686 4.6 4.1 -551

Filipino 6,633 3.6 1.1 5,210 3.1 0.9 +1,423

Macedonian 5,979 3.3 1.0 6,183 3.7 1.0 -204

Excludes ancestries with fewer than 20 responses, or less than 0.1% of the total population.

Ancestry - totals

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Ancestry totals Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Not stated 16,788 9.2 6.4 16,831 10.0 8.1 -43

Total People 182,732 100.0 100.0 168,209 100.0 100.0 +14,523

Total responses 211,553 -- -- 194,321 -- -- +17,232

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 12 of 82 Ancestry, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 13 of 82 Dominant groups Analysis of the ancestry responses of the population in City of Brimbank in 2011 shows that the top five ancestries nominated were: Australian (23,489 people or 12.9%) Vietnamese (23,312 people or 12.8%) English (21,653 people or 11.8%) Italian (12,859 people or 7.0%) Maltese (12,283 people or 6.7%) In combination these five ancestries account for 93,596 responses in total, or 51.22% of all responses. The major differences between the ancestries of the population in the City of Brimbank and Greater Melbourne were: A larger percentage of people with Vietnamese ancestry (12.8% compared to 2.0%) A larger percentage of people with Maltese ancestry (6.7% compared to 1.6%) A larger percentage of people with Filipino ancestry (3.6% compared to 1.1%) A larger percentage of people with Macedonian ancestry (3.3% compared to 1.0%) Emerging groups The largest changes in the reported ancestries of the population in this area between 2006 and 2011 were: Vietnamese (+5,349 persons) Indian (+4,214 persons) Chinese (+2,150 persons) English (+1,835 persons)

Page 14 of 82 Birthplace Country of Birth data identifies where people were born and is indicative of the level of cultural diversity in the City of Brimbank. The mix of Country of Birth groups is also indicative of historical settlement patterns, as source countries for Australia's immigration program have varied significantly over time. To get a more complete picture of cultural and ethnic characteristics, the City of Brimbank's Country of Birth data should be viewed together with Ancestry, Language Spoken at Home and Religion.

Birthplace - ranked by size

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Country of birth Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Vietnam 17,997 9.8 1.7 15,122 9.0 1.6 +2,875

India 7,774 4.3 2.7 3,055 1.8 1.4 +4,719

Malta 5,374 2.9 0.5 6,053 3.6 0.5 -679

Philippines 5,225 2.9 0.8 4,065 2.4 0.7 +1,160

Italy 3,623 2.0 1.7 3,992 2.4 2.0 -369

Former Yugoslav Republic of 3,287 1.8 0.4 3,737 2.2 0.5 -450 Macedonia

Croatia 2,734 1.5 0.4 3,088 1.8 0.4 -354

United Kingdom 2,467 1.4 4.1 2,734 1.6 4.4 -267

New Zealand 2,402 1.3 1.7 1,790 1.1 1.5 +612

Greece 2,382 1.3 1.2 2,591 1.5 1.4 -209

Excludes countries with fewer than 20 people, or less than 0.1% of the total population.

Birthplace - summary

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Birthplace Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Total Overseas born 84,193 46.1 31.4 72,762 43.3 28.6 +11,431

Non-English speaking 78,570 43.0 24.2 67,656 40.2 21.6 +10,914 backgrounds

Main English speaking 5,623 3.1 7.2 5,106 3.0 7.0 +517 countries

Australia 85,777 46.9 63.3 82,913 49.3 64.5 +2,864

Not Stated 12,762 7.0 5.3 12,543 7.5 6.9 +219

Total Population 182,732 100.0 100.0 168,218 100.0 100.0 +14,514

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 15 of 82 Country of birth, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 16 of 82 Dominant groups Analysis of the country of birth of the population in the City of Brimbank in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a larger proportion of people born overseas, as well as a larger proportion of people from a non-English speaking background. Overall, 46.1% of the population was born overseas, and 43.0% were from a non-English speaking background, compared with 31.4% and 24.2% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The largest non-English speaking country of birth in the City of Brimbank was Vietnam, where 9.8% of the population, or 17,997 people, were born. The major differences between the countries of birth of the population in the City of Brimbank and Greater Melbourne were: A larger percentage of people born in Vietnam (9.8% compared to 1.7%) A larger percentage of people born in Malta (2.9% compared to 0.5%) A larger percentage of people born in Philippines (2.9% compared to 0.8%) A larger percentage of people born in India (4.3% compared to 2.7%) Emerging groups Between 2006 and 2011, the number of people born overseas increased by 11,431 or 15.7%, and the number of people from a non-English speaking background increased by 10,914 or 16.1%. The largest changes in birthplace countries of the population in this area between 2006 and 2011 were for those born in: India (+4,719 persons) Vietnam (+2,875 persons) Philippines (+1,160 persons) China (+957 persons)

Page 17 of 82 Year of arrival in Australia The Year of Arrival data records when the overseas born population arrived in Australia. The data shows the degree to which areas are 'ports' for new overseas migrants and reveals the role of the City of Brimbank in housing the overseas-born. The number of recent arrivals in an area is often determined by housing affordability, employment opportunities and pre-existing communities located in the area. The City of Brimbank's Year of Arrival data, when used with Birthplace, Religion and Language Spoken at Home data, is a good indicator of the likely need for services in migrant communities.

Year of arrival in Australia

City of Brimbank 2011

Greater Year of arrival in Australia Number % Melbourne 2006 to 9 Aug 2011 16,486 19.6 23.2

2001 to 2005 7,787 9.2 11.2

1991 to 2000 (10 year period) 13,907 16.5 14.4

1981 to 1990 (10 year period) 15,419 18.3 14.7

1971 to 1980 (10 year period) 9,518 11.3 10.1

1961 to 1970 (10 year period) 10,252 12.2 12.3

Arrived in 1960 or earlier 7,092 8.4 10.0

Not stated 3,824 4.5 4.2

Total 84,285 100.0 100.0

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Year of arrival in Australia, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 18 of 82 Dominant groups Analysis of the year of arrival for the overseas born population of the City of Brimbank in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a larger proportion of people who arrived before 2001, and a smaller proportion of recent arrivals (those who arrived between 2006 and 2011). Overall, 66.7% of the overseas born population arrived before 2001, and 19.6% arrived during or after 2006, compared with 61.4% and 23.2% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the year of arrival data of the City of Brimbank and Greater Melbourne were: A larger percentage of arrivals between 1981 and 1990 (18.3% compared to 14.7%) A larger percentage of arrivals between 1991 and 2000 (16.5% compared to 14.4%) A larger percentage of arrivals between 1971 and 1980 (11.3% compared to 10.1%) A smaller percentage of arrivals between 2006 and 9 Aug 2011 (19.6% compared to 23.2%)

Page 19 of 82 Proficiency in English Proficiency in English measures the self-assessed proficiency in spoken English of people who speak a language other than English at home. The data, when viewed with other ethnic and cultural indicators, such as Ancestry, Country of Birth, Language Spoken at Home and Religion, reflects the City of Brimbank's ethnic composition and how long the overseas born have been in Australia. This helps service providers determine whether they need to communicate with the local population in languages other than English.

Proficiency in English

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater English proficiency Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Speaks English only 69,223 37.9 66.3 68,528 40.7 68.5 +695

Speaks another language, 79,411 43.5 24.0 68,765 40.9 21.1 +10,646 and English well or very well

Speaks another language, 22,905 12.5 5.0 21,367 12.7 4.9 +1,538 and English not well or not at all

Not stated 11,192 6.1 4.6 9,559 5.7 5.6 +1,633

Total population 182,731 100.0 100.0 168,219 100.0 100.0 +14,512

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Proficiency in English, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 20 of 82 Change in proficiency in English, 2006 to 2011

The most significant changes in the proficiency in English of the population in this area between 2006 and 2011 were in those speaking: Speaks another language, and English well or very well (+10,646 persons) Speaks another language, and English not well or not at all (+1,538 persons) Speaks English only (+695 persons)

Page 21 of 82 Language spoken at home The City of Brimbank's language statistics show the proportion of the population who speak a language at home other than English. They indicate how culturally diverse a population is and the degree to which different ethnic groups and nationalities are retaining their language. The City of Brimbank's language statistics should be analysed in conjunction with Country of Birth and Proficiency in English to assist in identifying specific cultural and ethnic groups in the area and the services required by the multicultural community.

Language spoken at home - ranked by size

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Language (excludes Greater Greater English) Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Vietnamese 25,995 14.2 2.1 21,144 12.6 1.9 +4,851

Maltese 5,974 3.3 0.4 6,781 4.0 0.5 -807

Italian 5,778 3.2 2.8 6,372 3.8 3.3 -594

Greek 5,768 3.2 2.8 6,155 3.7 3.1 -387

Macedonian 5,254 2.9 0.7 5,819 3.5 0.8 -565

Filipino/Tagalog 4,975 2.7 0.7 3,924 2.3 0.6 +1,051

Cantonese 4,324 2.4 1.8 4,069 2.4 1.8 +255

Arabic 4,218 2.3 1.6 3,783 2.2 1.5 +435

Punjabi 4,126 2.3 0.7 1,018 0.6 0.2 +3,108

Croatian 3,962 2.2 0.5 4,588 2.7 0.5 -626

Excludes languages with fewer than 20 people speaking them at home, or less than 0.1% of the total population.

Language - summary

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Language summary Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Speaks English only 69,221 37.9 66.3 68,527 40.7 68.5 +694

Non-English total 102,692 56.2 29.1 90,359 53.7 26.0 +12,333

Not stated 10,819 5.9 4.6 9,331 5.5 5.6 +1,488

Total Population 182,732 100.0 100.0 168,217 100.0 100.0 +14,515

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 22 of 82 Language spoken at home, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 23 of 82 Dominant groups Analysis of the language spoken at home by the population of the City of Brimbank in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a smaller proportion of people who spoke English only, and a larger proportion of those speaking a non-English language (either exclusively, or in addition to English). Overall, 37.9% of the population spoke English only, and 56.2% spoke a non-English language, compared with 66.3% and 29.1% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The dominant language spoken at home, other than English, in the City of Brimbank was Vietnamese, with 14.2% of the population, or 25,995 people speaking this language at home. The major differences between the languages spoken at home for the population of the City of Brimbank and Greater Melbourne in 2011 were: A larger percentage speaking Vietnamese at home (14.2% compared to 2.1%) A larger percentage speaking Maltese at home (3.3% compared to 0.4%) A larger percentage speaking Macedonian at home (2.9% compared to 0.7%) A larger percentage speaking Filipino/Tagalog at home (2.7% compared to 0.7%) Emerging groups Between 2006 and 2011, the number of people who spoke a language other than English at home increased by 12,333 or 13.6%, and the number of people who spoke English only increased by 694 or 1.0%. The largest changes in the spoken languages of the population in the City of Brimbank between 2006 and 2011 were for those speaking: Vietnamese (+4,851 persons) Punjabi (+3,108 persons) Filipino/Tagalog (+1,051 persons) Mandarin (+920 persons)

Page 24 of 82 Religion The City of Brimbank's religion statistics provide an indicator of cultural identity and ethnicity when observed in conjunction with other key variables. Religion data reveal the major concentrations of religions as well as revealing the proportion of people with no religious affiliation. There are a number of reasons for different religious compositions across areas including the country of birth and ethnic background of the population, the age of the population (belief in religion is generally stronger, the older the population) and changes in values and belief systems. The City of Brimbank's religion statistics should be analysed in conjunction with other ethnicity statistics such as Country of Birth data and Language Spoken data to assist in identifying specific cultural and ethnic groups.

Religions - ranked by size

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Religion Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Western (Roman) Catholic 65,609 35.9 27.1 67,105 39.9 28.2 -1,496

Buddhism 21,564 11.8 4.0 18,193 10.8 3.5 +3,371

Islam 10,174 5.6 3.6 8,409 5.0 2.8 +1,765

Greek Orthodox 8,936 4.9 4.0 9,112 5.4 4.3 -176

Anglican 8,251 4.5 10.8 8,847 5.3 12.2 -596

Hinduism 3,993 2.2 2.0 1,682 1.0 1.1 +2,311

Sikhism 3,678 2.0 0.7 965 0.6 0.2 +2,713

Macedonian Orthodox 3,588 2.0 0.5 4,034 2.4 0.6 -446

Other Eastern Orthodox 2,921 1.6 0.5 3,036 1.8 0.6 -115

Christian,nfd 2,678 1.5 1.9 1,898 1.1 1.4 +780

Excludes religions with fewer than 20 adherents, or less than 0.1% of the total population.

Religions - summary

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Religion totals Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Christian total 107,293 58.7 55.8 108,181 64.3 59.0 -888

Non Christian total 39,973 21.9 11.8 29,692 17.7 9.1 +10,281

Non-classifiable religious 902 0.5 0.9 653 0.4 0.8 +249 belief

No religion 20,104 11.0 23.5 15,584 9.3 20.0 +4,520

Not stated 14,459 7.9 8.1 14,108 8.4 11.1 +351

Total Population 182,731 100.0 100.0 168,218 100.0 100.0 +14,513

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 25 of 82 Religion, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 26 of 82 Dominant groups Analysis of the religious affiliation of the population of the City of Brimbank in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a higher proportion of people who professed a religion and a lower proportion who stated they had no religion. Overall, 80.6% of the population nominated a religion, and 11.0% said they had no religion, compared with 67.6% and 23.5% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The largest single religion in the City of Brimbank was Western (Roman) Catholic, with 35.9% of the population or 65,609 people as adherents. The major differences between the religious affiliation for the population of the City of Brimbank and Greater Melbourne were: A larger percentage who nominated Western (Roman) Catholic (35.9% compared to 27.1%) A larger percentage who nominated Buddhism (11.8% compared to 4.0%) A larger percentage who nominated Islam (5.6% compared to 3.6%) A larger percentage who nominated Macedonian Orthodox (2.0% compared to 0.5%) Emerging groups The largest changes in the religious affiliation of the population in the City of Brimbank between 2006 and 2011 were for those who nominated: Buddhism (+3,371 persons) Sikhism (+2,713 persons) Hinduism (+2,311 persons) Islam (+1,765 persons)

Page 27 of 82 Qualifications Educational Qualifications relate to education outside of primary and secondary school and are one of the most important indicators of socio-economic status. With other data sources, such as Employment Status, Income and Occupation, the City of Brimbank's Educational Qualifications help to evaluate the economic opportunities and socio- economic status of the area and identify skill gaps in the labour market.

Highest qualification achieved

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Qualification level Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Bachelor or Higher degree 19,482 13.2 23.6 13,134 9.8 19.6 +6,348

Advanced Diploma or 10,267 6.9 8.8 6,978 5.2 7.7 +3,289 Diploma

Vocational 20,616 13.9 15.0 17,954 13.4 14.2 +2,662

No qualification 78,884 53.3 42.4 77,391 57.9 45.8 +1,493

Not stated 18,685 12.6 10.3 18,261 13.7 12.8 +424

Total persons aged 15+ 147,934 100.0 100.0 133,718 100.0 100.0 +14,216

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Highest qualification achieved, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 28 of 82 Change in highest qualification achieved, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the qualifications of the population in the City of Brimbank in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a lower proportion of people holding formal qualifications (Bachelor or higher degree; Advanced Diploma or Diploma; or Vocational qualifications), and a higher proportion of people with no formal qualifications. Overall, 34.0% of the population aged 15 and over held educational qualifications, and 53.3% had no qualifications, compared with 47.3% and 42.4% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The major differences between qualifications held by the population of the City of Brimbank and Greater Melbourne were: A larger percentage of persons with No qualifications (53.3% compared to 42.4%) A smaller percentage of persons with Bachelor or Higher degrees (13.2% compared to 23.6%) A smaller percentage of persons with Advanced Diploma or Diplomas (6.9% compared to 8.8%) A smaller percentage of persons with Vocational qualifications (13.9% compared to 15.0%) Emerging groups The largest changes in the qualifications of the population in the City of Brimbank between 2006 and 2011 were in those with: Bachelor or Higher degrees (+6,348 persons) Advanced Diploma or Diplomas (+3,289 persons) Vocational qualifications (+2,662 persons) No qualifications (+1,493 persons)

Page 29 of 82 Highest level of schooling The City of Brimbank's school completion data is a useful indicator of socio-economic status. With other indicators, such as Proficiency in English, the data informs planners and decision-makers about people's ability to access services. Combined with Educational Qualifications it also allows assessment of the skill base of the population.

Highest level of secondary schooling completed

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Level of schooling Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Year 8 or below 16,193 10.9 6.4 17,466 13.1 7.8 -1,273

Year 9 or equivalent 8,401 5.7 5.5 8,661 6.5 6.2 -260

Year 10 or equivalent 18,563 12.5 12.9 18,492 13.8 14.1 +71

Year 11 or equivalent 15,094 10.2 11.5 15,420 11.5 12.6 -326

Year 12 or equivalent 70,016 47.3 54.6 54,876 41.0 48.4 +15,140

Did not go to school 4,298 2.9 1.2 4,257 3.2 1.3 +41

Not stated 15,367 10.4 7.9 14,549 10.9 9.7 +818

Total persons aged 15+ 147,932 100.0 100.0 133,721 100.0 100.0 +14,211

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Highest level of schooling completed, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 30 of 82 Change in highest level of schooling completed, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the highest level of schooling attained by the population in the City of Brimbank in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a higher proportion of people who had left school at an early level (Year 10 or less) and a lower proportion of people who completed Year 12 or equivalent. Overall, 32.1% of the population left school at Year 10 or below, and 47.3% went on to complete Year 12 or equivalent, compared with 26.0% and 54.6% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the level of schooling attained by the population in the City of Brimbank and Greater Melbourne were: A larger percentage of persons who completed year 8 or below (10.9% compared to 6.4%) A larger percentage of persons who did not go to school (2.9% compared to 1.2%) A smaller percentage of persons who completed year 12 or equivalent (47.3% compared to 54.6%) A smaller percentage of persons who completed year 11 or equivalent (10.2% compared to 11.5%) Emerging groups The largest changes in the level of schooling attained by the population in the City of Brimbank, between 2006 and 2011 were: Year 12 or equivalent (+15,140 persons) Year 8 or below (-1,273 persons) Year 11 or equivalent (-326 persons) Year 9 or equivalent (-260 persons)

Page 31 of 82 Education institution attending The share of the City of Brimbank's population attending educational institutions reflects the age structure of the population, which influences the number of children attending school; proximity to tertiary education, which can mean young adults leaving home to be nearer to educational facilities and; the degree to which people are seeking out educational opportunities in adulthood, especially in their late teens and early twenties. This data is often combined with Age Structure to identify areas with significant university student populations.

Education institute attending

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Type of institute Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Pre-school 2,496 1.4 1.7 2,312 1.4 1.6 +184

Primary school 13,237 7.2 7.6 13,676 8.1 7.9 -439

Primary - Government 7,866 4.3 4.9 8,216 4.9 5.2 -350

Primary - Catholic 4,145 2.3 1.7 4,186 2.5 1.8 -41

Primary - Independent 1,226 0.7 0.9 1,274 0.8 0.9 -48

Secondary school 12,098 6.6 6.3 12,130 7.2 6.5 -32

Secondary - Government 7,316 4.0 3.4 7,277 4.3 3.6 +39

Secondary - Catholic 3,216 1.8 1.5 3,269 1.9 1.5 -53

Secondary - Independent 1,566 0.9 1.4 1,584 0.9 1.4 -18

TAFE 4,366 2.4 2.2 3,593 2.1 2.1 +773

University 7,481 4.1 5.3 5,619 3.3 4.7 +1,862

Other 2,593 1.4 1.0 1,563 0.9 0.8 +1,030

Not attending 123,976 67.8 69.2 113,837 67.7 68.2 +10,139

Not stated 16,484 9.0 6.6 15,489 9.2 8.2 +995

Total 182,731 100.0 100.0 168,219 100.0 100.0 +14,512

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 32 of 82 Education institute attending, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 33 of 82 Dominant groups Analysis of the share of the population attending educational institutions in the City of Brimbank in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a similar proportion attending primary school, a similar proportion attending secondary school, and a lower proportion engaged in tertiary level education. Overall, 7.2% of the population were attending primary school, 6.6% of the population were attending secondary institutions, and 6.5% were learning at a tertiary level, compared with 7.6%, 6.3% and 7.6% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the share of the population attending learning institutions in the City of Brimbank and Greater Melbourne were: A smaller percentage of persons not attending (67.8% compared to 69.2%) A smaller percentage of persons attending University (4.1% compared to 5.3%) Emerging groups From 2006 to 2011, City of Brimbank's population aged 15 years and over increased by 14,512 people (+8.6%). This represents an average annual change of 1.67% per year over the period. The largest changes in the number of people attending education institutions in the City of Brimbank, between 2006 and 2011 were in those who nominated: University (+1,862 persons) TAFE (+773 persons) Primary school (-439 persons) Primary - Government (-350 persons)

Page 34 of 82 Need for assistance The City of Brimbank's disability statistics relate directly to need for assistance due to a severe or profound disability. The information may be used in the planning of local facilities, services such as day-care and occasional care and in the provision of information and support to carers. The City of Brimbank's disability statistics help in understanding the prevalence of people who need support in the community, and along with information on Unpaid Care to a person with a disability, how that support is provided. Please note: A person's reported need for assistance is based on a subjective assessment and should therefore be treated with caution. See the specific data notes for further detail.

Need for assistance with core activities

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Assistance needed by age % of total age Greater % of total age Greater group (years) Number group Melbourne Number group Melbourne 2006 to 2011 0 to 4 143 1.2 1.0 93 0.9 0.8 +50

5 to 9 280 2.5 2.5 225 2.0 2.0 +55

10 to 19 528 2.2 2.0 345 1.4 1.5 +183

20 to 59 3,027 2.9 2.0 2,693 2.8 1.8 +334

60 to 64 1,007 10.3 6.1 758 10.1 5.6 +249

65 to 69 942 13.6 7.8 629 11.0 6.9 +313

70 to 74 1,034 19.7 11.6 775 17.1 10.7 +259

75 to 79 1,118 28.8 18.7 966 27.3 16.9 +152

80 to 84 1,211 44.3 28.9 931 38.4 27.9 +280

85 and over 1,292 59.3 48.4 856 57.8 46.9 +436

Total persons needing 10,582 5.8 4.5 8,271 4.9 4.0 +2,311 assistance

Need for assistance with core activities

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Assistance needed by age Greater Greater group (years) Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Total persons needing 10,582 5.8 4.5 8,271 4.9 4.0 +2,311 assistance

Total persons not needing 159,588 87.3 90.3 148,731 88.4 89.7 +10,857 assistance

Not stated 12,563 6.9 5.2 11,217 6.7 6.3 +1,346

Total population 182,733 100.0 100.0 168,219 100.0 100.0 +14,514

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 35 of 82 Need for assistance with core activities, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 36 of 82 Dominant groups Analysis of the need for assistance of persons in the City of Brimbank compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a higher proportion of persons who reported needing assistance with core activities. Overall, 5.8% of the population reported needing assistance with core activities, compared with 4.5% for Greater Melbourne. The major differences in the age groups reporting a need for assistance in the City of Brimbank and Greater Melbourne were: A larger percentage of persons aged 80 to 84 (44.3% compared to 28.9%) A larger percentage of persons aged 85 and over (59.3% compared to 48.4%) A larger percentage of persons aged 75 to 79 (28.8% compared to 18.7%) A larger percentage of persons aged 70 to 74 (19.7% compared to 11.6%) Emerging groups The major differences in the age groups reporting a need for assistance between 2006 and 2011 in the City of Brimbank were in the age groups: 85 and over (+436 persons) 20 to 59 (+334 persons) 65 to 69 (+313 persons) 80 to 84 (+280 persons)

Page 37 of 82 Employment status The City of Brimbank's employment statistics are an important indicator of socio-economic status. The levels of full or part-time employment, unemployment and labour force participation indicate the strength of the local economy and social characteristics of the population. Employment status is linked to a number of factors including Age Structure, which influences the number of people in the workforce; the economic base and employment opportunities available in the area and; the education and skill base of the population (Occupations, Industries, Qualifications).

Employment status

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Employment status Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Employed 76,379 91.7 94.5 68,063 91.1 94.7 +8,316

Employed full-time 48,145 57.8 60.1 44,348 59.3 61.0 +3,797

Employed part-time 25,436 30.5 32.3 20,822 27.9 31.0 +4,614

Hours worked not stated 2,798 3.4 2.1 2,893 3.9 2.7 -95

Unemployed 6,906 8.3 5.5 6,665 8.9 5.3 +241

Looking for full-time work 4,255 5.1 3.1 4,508 6.0 3.2 -253

Looking for part-time work 2,651 3.2 2.4 2,157 2.9 2.1 +494

Total Labour Force 83,285 100.0 100.0 74,728 100.0 100.0 +8,557

Labour force status

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Labour force status Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Total Labour force 83,285 56.3 62.5 74,728 55.9 61.2 +8,557

Not in the labour force 54,277 36.7 32.2 50,050 37.4 32.4 +4,227

Labour force status not stated 10,372 7.0 5.3 8,944 6.7 6.5 +1,428

Total persons aged 15+ 147,934 100.0 100.0 133,722 100.0 100.0 +14,212

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 38 of 82 Employment status, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 39 of 82 Dominant groups The size of the City of Brimbank's labour force in 2011 was 83,285 persons, of which 25,436 were employed part-time and 48,145 were full time workers. Analysis of the employment status (as a percentage of the labour force) in the City of Brimbank in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a lower proportion in employment, and a higher proportion unemployed. Overall, 91.7% of the labour force was employed (51.6% of the population aged 15+), and 8.3% unemployed (4.7% of the population aged 15+), compared with 94.5% and 5.5% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The labour force participation rate refers to the proportion of the population over 15 years of age that was employed or actively looking for work. "The labour force is a fundamental input to domestic production. Its size and composition are therefore crucial factors in economic growth. From the viewpoint of social development, earnings from paid work are a major influence on levels of economic well-being." (Australian Social Trends 1995). Analysis of the labour force participation rate of the population in the City of Brimbank in 2011 shows that there was a lower proportion in the labour force (56.3%) compared with Greater Melbourne (62.5%). Emerging groups Between 2006 and 2011, the number of people employed in the City of Brimbank showed an increase of 8,316 persons and the number unemployed showed an increase of 241 persons. In the same period, the number of people in the labour force showed an increase of 8,557 persons, or 11.5%.

Page 40 of 82 Industry sectors of employment The City of Brimbank’s industry statistics identify the industry sectors in which the residents work (which may be within the residing area or elsewhere). This will be influenced by the skill base and socio-economic status of the residents as well as the industries and employment opportunities present in the region. When viewed in conjunction with Residents Place of Work data and Method of Travel to Work, industry sector statistics provide insights into the relationship between the economic and residential role of the area.

Industry sector of employment

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Industry sector Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Agriculture, Forestry and 230 0.3 0.5 214 0.3 0.6 +16 Fishing

Mining 97 0.1 0.2 65 0.1 0.2 +32

Manufacturing 11,967 15.7 10.8 13,152 19.3 12.9 -1,185

Electricity, Gas, Water and 674 0.9 1.0 424 0.6 0.7 +250 Waste Services

Construction 5,935 7.8 8.2 4,981 7.3 7.4 +954

Retail Trade 8,441 11.1 10.6 7,907 11.6 11.3 +534

Wholesale trade 3,473 4.5 5.0 3,345 4.9 5.5 +128

Accommodation and Food 5,035 6.6 5.9 4,081 6.0 5.6 +954 Services

Transport, Postal and 7,006 9.2 4.8 5,921 8.7 4.7 +1,085 Warehousing

Information Media and 1,226 1.6 2.3 1,226 1.8 2.5 0 Telecommunications

Financial and Insurance 3,247 4.3 4.8 2,665 3.9 4.7 +582 Services

Rental, Hiring and Real 836 1.1 1.5 738 1.1 1.4 +98 Estate Services

Professional, Scientific and 3,707 4.9 8.9 2,904 4.3 8.2 +803 Technical Services

Administrative and Support 3,082 4.0 3.5 2,933 4.3 3.5 +149 Services

Public Administration and 3,440 4.5 5.1 2,907 4.3 5.0 +533 Safety

Education and Training 4,089 5.4 7.9 3,313 4.9 7.6 +776

Health Care and Social 6,946 9.1 11.1 5,134 7.5 10.0 +1,812 Assistance

Arts and Recreation Services 1,169 1.5 1.8 886 1.3 1.7 +283

Other Services 2,850 3.7 3.6 2,538 3.7 3.6 +312

Inadequately described or 2,931 3.8 2.5 2,728 4.0 2.7 +203 not stated

Total employed persons 76,381 100.0 100.0 68,062 100.0 100.0 +8,319 aged 15+

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 41 of 82 Industry sector of employment, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 42 of 82 Change in industry sector of employment, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 43 of 82 Occupations of employment The City of Brimbank's occupation statistics quantify the occupations in which the residents work (which may be within the residing area or elsewhere). This will be influenced by the economic base and employment opportunities available in the area, education levels, and the working and social aspirations of the population. When viewed with other indicators, such as Educational Qualifications and Individual Income, Occupation is a key measure for evaluating the City of Brimbank's socio-economic status and skill base.

Occupation of employment

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Occupation Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Managers 5,960 7.8 12.5 5,238 7.7 12.5 +722

Professionals 10,479 13.7 24.1 8,026 11.8 22.5 +2,453

Technicians and Trades 11,305 14.8 13.4 10,514 15.4 13.6 +791 Workers

Community and Personal 7,124 9.3 8.9 5,257 7.7 8.2 +1,867 Service Workers

Clerical and Administrative 11,571 15.1 15.3 10,731 15.8 15.9 +840 Workers

Sales Workers 7,606 10.0 9.7 7,123 10.5 10.2 +483

Machinery Operators And 9,134 12.0 5.9 8,669 12.7 6.4 +465 Drivers

Labourers 10,712 14.0 8.0 10,395 15.3 8.7 +317

Inadequately described 2,488 3.3 2.3 2,110 3.1 2.0 +378

Total employed persons 76,379 100.0 100.0 68,063 100.0 100.0 +8,316 aged 15+

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 44 of 82 Occupation of employment, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 45 of 82 Dominant groups An analysis of the jobs held by the resident population in City of Brimbank in 2011 shows the three most popular occupations were: Clerical and Administrative Workers (11,571 people or 15.1%) Technicians and Trades Workers (11,305 people or 14.8%) Labourers (10,712 people or 14.0%) In combination these three occupations accounted for 33,588 people in total or 44.0% of the employed resident population. In comparison, Greater Melbourne employed 15.3% in Clerical and Administrative Workers; 13.4% in Technicians and Trades Workers; and 8.0% in Labourers. The major differences between the jobs held by the population of the City of Brimbank and Greater Melbourne were: A larger percentage of persons employed as Machinery Operators And Drivers (12.0% compared to 5.9%) A larger percentage of persons employed as Labourers (14.0% compared to 8.0%) A larger percentage of persons employed as Technicians and Trades Workers (14.8% compared to 13.4%) A smaller percentage of persons employed as Professionals (13.7% compared to 24.1%) Emerging groups The number of employed people in City of Brimbank increased by 8,316 between 2006 and 2011. The largest changes in the occupations of residents between 2006 and 2011 in the City of Brimbank were for those employed as: Professionals (+2,453 persons) Community and Personal Service Workers (+1,867 persons) Clerical and Administrative Workers (+840 persons) Technicians and Trades Workers (+791 persons)

Page 46 of 82 Method of travel to work The City of Brimbank's commuting statistics reveal the main modes of transport by which residents get to work. There are a number of reasons why people use different modes of transport to get to work including the availability of affordable and effective public transport options, the number of motor vehicles available within a household, and the distance travelled to work. Commuting data is very useful in transport planning as it informs decision-makers about the availability, effectiveness and utilisation of local transport options, particularly when analysed with Residents Place of Work data and Car Ownership.

Method of travel to work

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Main method of travel Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Train 8,552 11.2 10.0 6,290 9.3 8.5 +2,262

Bus 888 1.2 1.5 625 0.9 1.2 +263

Tram or Ferry 65 0.1 2.3 47 0.1 2.0 +18

Taxi 231 0.3 0.2 161 0.2 0.2 +70

Car - as driver 50,003 65.7 60.6 45,224 66.6 61.2 +4,779

Car - as passenger 4,486 5.9 4.3 4,286 6.3 4.7 +200

Truck 619 0.8 0.7 733 1.1 0.9 -114

Motorbike 229 0.3 0.4 173 0.3 0.5 +56

Bicycle 209 0.3 1.3 173 0.3 1.1 +36

Walked only 739 1.0 2.9 730 1.1 3.0 +9

Other 706 0.9 1.0 470 0.7 0.9 +236

Worked at home 1,478 1.9 3.7 1,404 2.1 3.7 +74

Did not go to work 5,982 7.9 9.4 5,653 8.3 10.2 +329

Not stated 1,969 2.6 1.6 1,913 2.8 1.9 +56

Total employed persons 76,156 100.0 100.0 67,882 100.0 100.0 +8,274 aged 15+

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 47 of 82 Method of travel to work, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Change in method of travel to work, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 48 of 82 Dominant groups In 2011, there were 9,505 people who caught public transport to work (train, bus, tram or ferry) in City of Brimbank, compared with 55,337 who drove in private vehicles (car – as driver, car – as passenger, motorbike, or truck). Analysis of the method of travel to work of the residents in the City of Brimbank in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that 12.5% used public transport, while 72.7% used a private vehicle, compared with 13.8% and 66.1% respectively in Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the method of travel to work of the City of Brimbank and Greater Melbourne were: A larger percentage of persons who travelled by car (as driver) (65.7% compared to 60.6%) A larger percentage of persons who travelled by car (as a passenger) (5.9% compared to 4.3%) A larger percentage of persons who travelled by train (11.2% compared to 10.0%) A smaller percentage of persons who travelled by tram or ferry (0.1% compared to 2.3%) Emerging groups The number of employed people in City of Brimbank increased by 8,274 between 2006 and 2011. The largest changes in the method of travel to work by resident population in the City of Brimbank between 2006 and 2011 were for those nominated: Car - as driver (+4,779 persons) Train (+2,262 persons) Did not go to work (+329 persons) Bus (+263 persons)

Page 49 of 82 Volunteer work The voluntary work sector is an important part of Australia's economy. The level of volunteering can indicate the cohesiveness of the community and how readily individuals are able to contribute to that community. Factors impacting on the level of volunteering in the City of Brimbank include the Age Structure of the population, the level of Proficiency in English, Income and Education levels.

Voluntary work

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Volunteer status Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Volunteer 13,325 9.0 15.8 11,703 8.8 15.7 +1,622

Not a volunteer 119,228 80.6 76.4 107,712 80.5 74.8 +11,516

Volunteer work not stated 15,381 10.4 7.8 14,307 10.7 9.5 +1,074

Total persons aged 15+ 147,934 100.0 100.0 133,722 100.0 100.0 +14,212

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Voluntary work, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 50 of 82 Change in voluntary work, 2006 to 2011

Page 51 of 82 Unpaid care The proportion of people providing unpaid care for the aged and disabled in the City of Brimbank can be an important indicator of the level of demand for aged care services and facilities by local and state governments. An increasing proportion of carers among the population may indicate inadequate aged care provision, or the need for in-home support, or support for the carers themselves. The level of care provided by individuals is likely to be affected by Household Income, Age Structure and the ethnic makeup of the community (Language Spoken), as well as the sense of community cohesiveness.

Unpaid care

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Assistance to a person with a disability, long term Greater Greater illness or old age Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Provided unpaid assistance 16,150 10.9 10.9 13,182 9.9 10.0 +2,968

No unpaid assistance 116,039 78.4 81.1 105,449 78.9 79.9 +10,590 provided

Not stated 15,744 10.6 8.0 15,090 11.3 10.0 +654

Total persons aged 15+ 147,933 100.0 100.0 133,721 100.0 100.0 +14,212

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Unpaid care, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 52 of 82 Change in unpaid care, 2006 to 2011

Page 53 of 82 Individual income Individual Income statistics are an indicator of socio-economic status. With other data sources, such as Household Income, Educational Qualifications and Occupation, they help tell the story of the economic opportunities and socio- economic status of the City of Brimbank. The amount of income an individual receives is linked to a number of factors including employment status, age (as for instance students and retirees often receive a lower income), qualifications and type of employment. The incomes presented on this page are for the latest Census year only. For comparison of incomes over time, go to Individual Income Quartiles.

Weekly individual gross income

City of Brimbank 2011

Greater Weekly income Number % Melbourne Negative Income/ Nil income 15,797 10.7 9.4

$1-$199 12,955 8.8 7.8

$200-$299 21,173 14.3 9.8

$300-$399 14,634 9.9 8.9

$400-$599 15,948 10.8 10.8

$600-$799 16,390 11.1 10.2

$800-$999 12,441 8.4 8.5

$1000-$1249 10,305 7.0 8.3

$1250-$1499 5,938 4.0 5.8

$1500-$1999 5,132 3.5 6.4

$2000 or more 3,033 2.1 6.5

Not stated 14,187 9.6 7.7

Total persons aged 15+ 147,933 100.0 100.0

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 54 of 82 Weekly individual gross income, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Usual residence data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of individual income levels in the City of Brimbank in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a lower proportion of persons earning a high income (those earning $1,500 per week or more) and a higher proportion of low income persons (those earning less than $400 per week). Overall, 5.5% of the population earned a high income, and 43.6% earned a low income, compared with 12.9% and 35.8% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the City of Brimbank's individual incomes and Greater Melbourne's individual incomes were: A larger percentage of persons who earned $200-$299 (14.3% compared to 9.8%) A larger percentage of persons who earned Negative Income/ Nil income (10.7% compared to 9.4%) A larger percentage of persons who earned $300-$399 (9.9% compared to 8.9%) A larger percentage of persons who earned $1-$199 (8.8% compared to 7.8%)

Page 55 of 82 Household income Households form the common 'economic unit' in our society. The City of Brimbank's Household Income is one of the most important indicators of socio-economic status. With other data sources, such as Educational Qualifications and Occupation, it helps to reveal the economic opportunities and socio-economic status of the City of Brimbank. It is important to note that income data is not necessarily a measure of wealth. For example, if an area has a large number of retirees this will produce a higher proportion of households with low income but the retirees may have large capital wealth. For this reason, household income should be viewed in conjunction with Age and Household Composition. The incomes presented on this page are for the latest Census year only. For comparison of incomes over time, go to Household Income Quartiles.

Weekly household income

City of Brimbank 2011

Greater Weekly income Number % Melbourne Negative Income/Nil Income 1,007 1.7 1.7

$1-$199 1,136 1.9 1.6

$200-$299 1,853 3.1 2.4

$300-$399 3,506 5.9 5.3

$400-$599 6,010 10.2 8.1

$600-$799 5,402 9.1 7.7

$800-$999 4,929 8.3 7.5

$1000-$1249 5,287 8.9 8.0

$1250-$1499 4,416 7.5 7.4

$1500-$1999 6,838 11.6 11.7

$2000-$2499 4,964 8.4 8.6

$2500-$2999 3,106 5.3 8.4

$3000-$3499 1,771 3.0 4.9

$3500-$3999 824 1.4 2.4

$4000-$4999 676 1.1 2.0

$5000 or more 355 0.6 1.8

Not stated 7,031 11.9 10.6

Total households 59,111 100.0 100.0

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 56 of 82 Weekly household income, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of household income levels in the City of Brimbank in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a smaller proportion of high income households (those earning $2,500 per week or more) and a higher proportion of low income households (those earning less than $600 per week). Overall, 11.4% of the households earned a high income, and 22.9% were low income households, compared with 19.4% and 19.2% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the household incomes of the City of Brimbank and Greater Melbourne were: A larger percentage of households who earned $400-$599 (10.2% compared to 8.1%) A larger percentage of households who earned $600-$799 (9.1% compared to 7.7%) A larger percentage of households who earned Not stated (11.9% compared to 10.6%) A smaller percentage of households who earned $2500-$2999 (5.3% compared to 8.4%)

Page 57 of 82 Households summary The City of Brimbank's household and family structure is one of the most important demographic indicators. It reveals the area's residential role and function, era of settlement and provides key insights into the level of demand for services and facilities as most are related to age and household types. To continue building the story, the City of Brimbank's Household Summary should be viewed in conjunction with Households with Children, Households without Children, Household Size, Age Structure and Dwelling Type.

Household types

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Households by type Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Couples with children 23,646 38.4 33.6 23,159 40.9 33.5 +487

Couples without children 12,706 20.6 23.5 11,099 19.6 22.9 +1,607

One parent families 9,002 14.6 10.4 8,412 14.9 10.4 +590

Other families 1,104 1.8 1.4 857 1.5 1.4 +247

Group household 1,791 2.9 4.5 1,287 2.3 4.2 +504

Lone person 10,514 17.1 22.3 9,421 16.6 22.5 +1,093

Other not classifiable 2,470 4.0 3.4 2,127 3.8 4.3 +343 household

Visitor only households 347 0.6 0.9 274 0.5 0.7 +73

Total households 61,580 100.0 100.0 56,636 100.0 100.0 +4,944

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Household types, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 58 of 82 Change in household types, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the household/family types in the City of Brimbank in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a higher proportion of couple families with child(ren) as well as a higher proportion of one-parent families. Overall, 38.4% of total families were couple families with child(ren), and 14.6% were one-parent families, compared with 33.6% and 10.4% respectively for Greater Melbourne. There were a lower proportion of lone person households and a lower proportion of couples without children. Overall, the proportion of lone person households was 17.1% compared to 22.3% in Greater Melbourne while the proportion of couples without children was 20.6% compared to 23.5% in Greater Melbourne. Emerging groups The number of households in City of Brimbank increased by 4,944 between 2006 and 2011. The largest changes in family/household types in the City of Brimbank between 2006 and 2011 were: Couples without children (+1,607 households) Lone person (+1,093 households) One parent families (+590 households) Group household (+504 households)

Page 59 of 82 Household size The size of households in general follows the life-cycle of families. Households are usually small at the stage of relationship formation (early marriage), and then increase in size with the advent of children. They later reduce in size again as these children reach adulthood and leave home. Household size can also be influenced by a lack (or abundance) of affordable housing. Overseas migrants and indigenous persons often have a tradition of living with extended family members which significantly affects household size. Household size in Australia has declined since the 1970s but between 2006 and 2011, the average household size remained stable for the nation as a whole. An increasing household size in an area may indicate a lack of affordable housing opportunities for young people, an increase in the birth rate or an increase in family formation in the area. A declining household size may indicate children leaving the area when they leave home, an increase in retirees settling in the area, or an attraction of young singles and couples to the area. For greater insight, the City of Brimbank's Household Size data should be viewed in conjunction with Household Summary, Age Structure, Dwelling Type, Household Income and Language Spoken at Home.

Household size

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Number of persons usually Greater Greater resident Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 1 person 10,509 17.9 23.3 9,426 17.4 23.7 +1,083

2 persons 16,566 28.2 32.0 14,986 27.6 32.1 +1,580

3 persons 11,274 19.2 17.0 10,455 19.3 16.6 +819

4 persons 11,475 19.5 17.4 11,179 20.6 17.2 +296

5 persons 5,568 9.5 7.2 5,300 9.8 7.3 +268

6 or more persons 3,374 5.7 3.2 2,886 5.3 3.0 +488

Total classifiable households 58,766 100.0 100.0 54,232 100.0 100.0 +4,534

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 60 of 82 Household size, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 61 of 82 Dominant groups Analysis of the number of persons usually resident in a household in the City of Brimbank compared with Greater Melbourne shows that there were a lower proportion of lone person households, and a higher proportion of larger households (those with 4 persons or more). Overall there were 17.9% of lone person households, and 34.7% of larger households, compared with 23.3% and 27.8% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The major differences in the household size for the City of Brimbank and Greater Melbourne were: A larger percentage of households with 6 or more persons usually resident (5.7% compared to 3.2%) A larger percentage of households with 5 persons usually resident (9.5% compared to 7.2%) A larger percentage of households with 3 persons usually resident (19.2% compared to 17.0%) A larger percentage of households with 4 persons usually resident (19.5% compared to 17.4%) Emerging groups The number of households in City of Brimbank increased by 4,534 between 2006 and 2011. The largest changes in the number of persons usually resident in a household in the City of Brimbank between 2006 and 2011 were: 2 persons (+1,580 households) 1 person (+1,083 households) 3 persons (+819 households) 6 or more persons (+488 households)

Page 62 of 82 Dwelling type Dwelling Type is an important determinant of the City of Brimbank's residential role and function. A greater concentration of higher density dwellings is likely to attract more young adults and smaller households, often renting. Larger, detached or separate dwellings are more likely to attract families and prospective families. The residential built form often reflects market opportunities or planning policy, such as building denser forms of housing around public transport nodes or employment centres. Dwelling Type statistics should be viewed in conjunction with Household size, Household Types, Housing Tenure and Age Structure for a more complete picture of the housing market in the City of Brimbank.

Dwelling structure

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Dwelling type Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Separate house 56,451 86.4 71.1 49,263 82.1 71.6 +7,188

Medium density 8,199 12.5 21.1 10,444 17.4 21.5 -2,245

High density 533 0.8 7.2 139 0.2 6.3 +394

Caravans, cabin, houseboat 55 0.1 0.2 64 0.1 0.3 -9

Other 112 0.2 0.3 105 0.2 0.3 +7

Not stated 18 0.0 0.0 15 0.0 0.0 +3

Total Private Dwellings 65,368 100.0 100.0 60,030 100.0 100.0 +5,338

Dwelling type

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Dwelling type Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Occupied private dwellings 61,582 94.1 91.2 56,634 94.3 91.7 +4,948

Unoccupied private 3,784 5.8 8.6 3,400 5.7 8.1 +384 dwellings

Non private dwellings 52 0.1 0.2 38 0.1 0.2 +14

Total Dwellings 65,418 100.0 100.0 60,072 100.0 100.0 +5,346

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 63 of 82 Dwelling structure, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 64 of 82 Dominant groups In 2011, there were 56,451 separate houses in the area, 8,199 medium density dwellings, and 533 high density dwellings. Analysis of the types of dwellings in the City of Brimbank in 2011 shows that 86.4% of all dwellings were separate houses; 12.5% were medium density dwellings, and 0.8% were high density dwellings, compared with 71.1%, 21.1%, and 7.2% in the Greater Melbourne respectively. In 2011, a total of 94.1% of the dwellings in the City of Brimbank were occupied on Census night, compared to 91.2% in Greater Melbourne. The proportion of unoccupied dwellings was 5.8%, which is smaller compared to that found in Greater Melbourne (8.6%). Emerging groups The total number of dwellings in the City of Brimbank increased by 5,346 between 2006 and 2011. The largest changes in the type of dwellings found in the City of Brimbank between 2006 and 2011 were: Separate house (+7,188 dwellings) Medium density (-2,245 dwellings) High density (+394 dwellings)

Page 65 of 82 Number of bedrooms per dwelling The Number of Bedrooms in a dwelling is an indicator of the size of dwellings, and when combined with dwelling type information, provides insight into the role the City of Brimbank plays in the housing market. For example, an area of high density dwellings that are predominantly 1-2 bedroom are likely to attract students, single workers and young couples, whereas a high density area with dwellings that are predominantly 2-3 bedroom may attract more empty nesters and some families. In combination with Household type and Household size, the Number of Bedrooms can also indicate issues around housing affordability, overcrowding and other socio-economic factors.

Number of bedrooms per dwelling

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Number of bedrooms Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 0 or 1 bedrooms 1,213 2.0 5.5 1,013 1.8 5.0 +200

2 bedrooms 5,759 9.4 19.3 5,395 9.5 19.6 +364

3 bedrooms 34,591 56.2 43.8 33,311 58.8 45.2 +1,280

4 bedrooms 13,817 22.4 22.0 11,586 20.5 20.1 +2,231

5 bedrooms or more 2,106 3.4 4.3 1,685 3.0 3.9 +421

Not stated 4,095 6.6 5.1 3,644 6.4 6.2 +451

Total households 61,581 100.0 100.0 56,634 100.0 100.0 +4,947

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Number of bedrooms per dwelling, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 66 of 82 Change in number of bedrooms per dwelling, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the number of bedrooms in dwellings in City of Brimbank in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a lower proportion of dwellings with 1 and 2 bedrooms, and a similar proportion of dwellings with 4 or more bedrooms. Overall, 11.3% of households were in 1-2 bedroom dwellings, and 25.9% of 4-plus bedroom dwellings, compared with 24.8% and 26.3% for Greater Melbourne respectively. The major differences between the number of bedrooms per dwelling of the City of Brimbank and Greater Melbourne were: A larger percentage of 3 bedroom dwellings (56.2% compared to 43.8%) A smaller percentage of 2 bedroom dwellings (9.4% compared to 19.3%) A smaller percentage of dwellings with no bedrooms (includes bedsitters) (2.0% compared to 5.5%) Emerging groups The largest changes in the number of bedrooms per dwelling in the City of Brimbank between 2006 and 2011 were: 4 bedrooms (+2,231 dwellings) 3 bedrooms (+1,280 dwellings) 5 bedrooms or more (+421 dwellings) 2 bedrooms (+364 dwellings)

Page 67 of 82 Internet connection A fast Internet Connection is increasingly required for accessing essential information and undertaking domestic and non-domestic business. Households with dial-up or no internet service are being left behind in the digital divide' as both government and the private sector are increasingly conducting their business, or aspects of it, on-line. Internet connectivity in the City of Brimbank can be affected by availability of connection, Education, Household Income and Age Structure.

Type of internet connection

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Connection type Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Total internet connection 41,749 67.8 76.4 29,151 51.5 61.0 +12,598

Broadband connection 38,142 61.9 70.0 19,579 34.6 42.7 +18,563

Dial-up connection 1,498 2.4 2.7 9,244 16.3 17.8 -7,746

Other connection 2,109 3.4 3.7 328 0.6 0.5 +1,781

No internet connection 14,381 23.4 16.8 22,725 40.1 31.5 -8,344

Not stated 5,451 8.9 6.8 4,758 8.4 7.5 +693

Total households 61,581 100.0 100.0 56,634 100.0 100.0 +4,947

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Type of internet connection, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 68 of 82 Change in type of internet connection, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the type of internet connection of households in the City of Brimbank compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a higher proportion of households with either no internet connection or a dial up connection, and a lower proportion of households with broadband connectivity. Overall 25.8% of households had no internet connection or a dial up connection, and 61.9% had broadband connectivity, compared with 19.5% and 70.0% respectively in Greater Melbourne. Emerging groups Between 2006 and 2011 the number of households with an internet connection increased by 12,598. The largest changes in the internet connectivity in the City of Brimbank, between 2006 and 2011 were: Broadband connection (+18,563 households) Total internet connection (+12,598 households) No internet connection (-8,344 households)

Page 69 of 82 Number of cars per household The ability of the population to access services and employment is strongly influenced by access to transport. The number of motor vehicles per household in the City of Brimbank quantifies access to private transport and will be influenced by Age Structure and Household Type, which determine the number of adults present; access to Public Transport; distance to shops, services, employment and education; and Household Income. Depending on these factors, car ownership can be seen as a measure of advantage or disadvantage, or a neutral socio-economic measure, which impacts on the environment and quality of life.

Car ownership

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Number of cars Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 No motor vehicles 4,841 7.9 9.0 4,866 8.6 9.4 -25

1 motor vehicle 19,338 31.4 33.9 17,941 31.7 33.4 +1,397

2 motor vehicles 21,143 34.3 35.5 19,431 34.3 35.1 +1,712

3 or more motor vehicles 11,191 18.2 15.4 9,666 17.1 14.3 +1,525

Not stated 5,067 8.2 6.3 4,729 8.4 7.8 +338

Total households 61,580 100.0 100.0 56,633 100.0 100.0 +4,947

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Car ownership, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 70 of 82 Change in car ownership, 2006 to 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the car ownership of the households in the City of Brimbank in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that 83.9% of the households owned at least one car, while 7.9% did not, compared with 84.8% and 9.0% respectively in Greater Melbourne. Of those that owned at least one vehicle, there was a smaller proportion who owned just one car; a smaller proportion who owned two cars; and a larger proportion who owned three cars or more. Overall, 31.4% of the households owned one car; 34.3% owned two cars; and 18.2% owned three cars or more, compared with 33.9%; 35.5% and 15.4% respectively for Greater Melbourne. Emerging groups The largest changes in the household car ownership in the City of Brimbank between 2006 and 2011 were: 2 motor vehicles (+1,712 households) 3 or more motor vehicles (+1,525 households) 1 motor vehicle (+1,397 households)

Page 71 of 82 Housing tenure The City of Brimbank's Housing Tenure data provides insights into its socio-economic status as well as the role it plays in the housing market. For example, a high concentration of private renters may indicate a transient area attractive to young singles and couples, while a concentration of home owners indicates a more settled area with mature families and empty-nester Household Summary. Tenure can also reflect built form (Dwelling Type), with a significantly higher share of renters in high density housing and a substantially larger proportion of home-owners in separate houses, although this is not always the case. In conjunction with other socio-economic status indicators in the City of Brimbank, Tenure data is useful for analysing housing markets, housing affordability and identifying public housing areas.

Housing tenure

City of Brimbank 2011 2006 Change

Greater Greater Tenure type Number % Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2006 to 2011 Fully owned 21,506 34.9 31.5 21,361 37.7 33.1 +145

Mortgage 21,046 34.2 35.3 19,704 34.8 34.8 +1,342

Renting 13,725 22.3 26.5 10,796 19.1 24.3 +2,929

Renting - Social housing 1,446 2.3 2.9 1,372 2.4 3.0 +74

Renting - Private 11,933 19.4 23.1 9,078 16.0 20.7 +2,855

Renting - Not stated 346 0.6 0.5 346 0.6 0.6 0

Other tenure type 367 0.6 0.7 327 0.6 0.6 +40

Not stated 4,934 8.0 5.9 4,445 7.8 7.2 +489

Total households 61,578 100.0 100.0 56,633 100.0 100.0 +4,945

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2006 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 72 of 82 Housing tenure, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 73 of 82 Dominant groups Analysis of the housing tenure of the population of the City of Brimbank in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a larger proportion of households who owned their dwelling; a smaller proportion purchasing their dwelling; and a smaller proportion who were renters. Overall, 34.9% of the population owned their dwelling; 34.2% were purchasing, and 22.3% were renting, compared with 31.5%, 35.3% and 26.5% respectively for Greater Melbourne. Emerging groups The largest changes in housing tenure categories for the households in the City of Brimbank between 2006 and 2011 were: Renting - Private (+2,855 persons) Mortgage (+1,342 persons) Fully owned (+145 persons) Renting - Social housing (+74 persons) The total number of households in City of Brimbank increased by 4,945 between 2006 and 2011.

Page 74 of 82 Housing loan repayments Mortgage repayments are directly related to house prices in the City of Brimbank, length of occupancy and the level of equity of home owners. When viewed with Household Income data it may also indicate the level of housing stress households in the community are under. In mortgage belt areas it is expected that households will be paying a higher proportion of their income on their housing compared to well-established areas. First home buyer areas are also likely to have larger mortgages than upgrader areas where households move in with equity from elsewhere. Mortgage payment levels are not directly comparable over time because of inflation. For comparison of mortgage payments over time, go to Housing Loan Quartiles.

Monthly housing loan repayments

City of Brimbank 2011

Greater Monthly repayment amount Number % Melbourne Nil repayments 496 2.4 2.2

$1-$149 200 1.0 0.8

$150-$299 253 1.2 1.0

$300-$449 565 2.7 2.1

$450-$599 554 2.6 2.0

$600-$799 943 4.5 3.6

$800-$999 1,231 5.9 4.8

$1000-$1199 1,717 8.2 6.3

$1200-$1399 1,983 9.4 7.4

$1400-$1599 1,868 8.9 7.3

$1600-$1799 1,978 9.4 8.3

$1800-$1999 1,379 6.6 6.5

$2000-$2199 2,314 11.0 10.7

$2200-$2399 850 4.0 4.9

$2400-$2599 649 3.1 4.0

$2600-$2999 1,061 5.0 7.0

$3000-$3999 1,144 5.4 9.2

$4000-$4999 338 1.6 3.5

$5000 and over 214 1.0 3.0

Not stated 1,305 6.2 5.6

Total households with a mortgage 21,042 100.0 100.0

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 75 of 82 Monthly housing loan repayments, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the monthly housing loan repayments of households in the City of Brimbank compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a smaller proportion of households paying high mortgage repayments ($2,600 per month or more), and a larger proportion of households with low mortgage repayments (less than $1000 per month). Overall, 13.1% of households were paying high mortgage repayments, and 20.2% were paying low repayments, compared with 22.6% and 16.5% respectively in Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the household loan repayments of the City of Brimbank and Greater Melbourne were: A larger percentage of $1200-$1399 (9.4% compared to 7.4%) A larger percentage of $1000-$1199 (8.2% compared to 6.3%) A larger percentage of $1400-$1599 (8.9% compared to 7.3%) A larger percentage of $1600-$1799 (9.4% compared to 8.3%)

Page 76 of 82 Housing rental payments Rental payments can be a better measure of the cost of housing in the City of Brimbank than mortgage repayments because they are not contingent on length of occupancy or equity in the dwelling. High rental payments may indicate desirable areas with mobile populations who prefer to rent, or a housing shortage, or gentrification. Low rental payments may indicate public housing (check Tenure Type), or areas where low income households move by necessity for a lower cost of living. Rental payments are not directly comparable over time because of inflation. For comparison of rental payments over time, go to Housing Rental Quartiles.

Weekly housing rental payments

City of Brimbank 2011

Greater Weekly rental amount Number % Melbourne Nil 495 3.6 3.0

$1 - $74 165 1.2 1.3

$75 - $99 300 2.2 3.3

$100 - $124 314 2.3 2.1

$125 - $149 373 2.7 2.1

$150 - $174 648 4.7 2.9

$175 - $199 669 4.9 2.9

$200 - $224 1,181 8.6 5.2

$225 - $249 980 7.1 5.3

$250 - $274 1,919 14.0 8.4

$275 - $299 1,684 12.3 7.7

$300 - $324 2,095 15.3 11.6

$325 - $349 832 6.1 6.4

$350 - $374 638 4.6 7.9

$375 - $399 189 1.4 4.6

$400 - $424 175 1.3 4.9

$425 - $449 28 0.2 2.1

$450 - $549 142 1.0 7.6

$550 - $649 39 0.3 3.1

$650 - $749 29 0.2 1.5

$750 - $849 29 0.2 0.8

$850 - $949 11 0.1 0.4

$950+ 105 0.8 1.3

Rent Not stated 689 5.0 3.7

Total households renting 13,729 100.0 100.0

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011 and 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 77 of 82 Weekly housing rental payments, 2011

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (Enumerated data) Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts. Dominant groups Analysis of the weekly housing rental payments of households in the City of Brimbank compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a smaller proportion of households paying high rental payments ($400 per week or more), and a similar proportion of households with low rental payments (less than $150 per week). Overall, 4.1% of households were paying high rental payments, and 12.0% were paying low payments, compared with 21.7% and 11.7% respectively in Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the housing rental payments of the City of Brimbank and Greater Melbourne were: A larger percentage of $250 - $274 (14.0% compared to 8.4%) A larger percentage of $200 - $224 (8.6% compared to 5.2%) A larger percentage of $175 - $199 (4.9% compared to 2.9%) A larger percentage of $225 - $249 (7.1% compared to 5.3%)

Page 78 of 82 SEIFA - disadvantage The City of Brimbank SEIFA Index of Disadvantage measures the relative level of socio-economic disadvantage based on a range of Census characteristics. It is a good place to start to get a general view of the relative level of disadvantage in one area compared to others and is used to advocate for an area based on its level of disadvantage. The index is derived from attributes that reflect disadvantage such as low income, low educational attainment, high unemployment, and jobs in relatively unskilled occupations. When targeting services to disadvantaged communities, it is important to also look at these underlying characteristics as they can differ markedly between areas with similar SEIFA scores and shed light on the type of disadvantage being experienced. A higher score on the index means a lower level of disadvantage. A lower score on the index means a higher level of disadvantage.

SEIFA by Local Government Area SEIFA by small areas

Index of relative socio-economic disadvantage

Local Government Areas in Victoria

Local Government Area 2011 index Nillumbik (S) 1,098.3

Boroondara (C) 1,097.6

Bayside (C) 1,091.1

Stonnington (C) 1,083.7

Manningham (C) 1,071.4

Glen Eira (C) 1,069.4

Surf Coast (S) 1,066.5

Port Phillip (C) 1,065.7

Macedon Ranges (S) 1,055.1

Queenscliffe (B) 1,053.2

Whitehorse (C) 1,051.2

Knox (C) 1,049.3

Banyule (C) 1,047.4

Monash (C) 1,044.9

Maroondah (C) 1,043.9

Kingston (C) 1,037.7

Yarra Ranges (S) 1,037.1

Golden Plains (S) 1,030.1

Moonee Valley (C) 1,027.1

Melbourne (C) 1,025.8

Cardinia (S) 1,024.3

Mornington Peninsula (S) 1,022.5

Yarra (C) 1,019.1

Unincorporated Vic 1,019.0

Moyne (S) 1,017.3

Wyndham (C) 1,013.4

Mansfield (S) 1,012.1

Indigo (S) 1,009.8

Moorabool (S) 1,008.5

Casey (C) 1,006.5

Melton (S) 1,002.1 Page 79 of 82 Index of relative socio-economic disadvantage

Local Government Areas in Victoria

Local Government Area 2011 index Hobsons Bay (C) 1,001.7

South Gippsland (S) 999.5

Baw Baw (S) 998.1

Moreland (C) 998.1

Murrindindi (S) 997.2

Frankston (C) 996.7

Mitchell (S) 996.1

Towong (S) 995.9

Southern Grampians (S) 994.5

Greater Geelong (C) 992.9

Darebin (C) 990.3

Whittlesea (C) 988.6

Warrnambool (C) 988.6

Horsham (RC) 987.4

Alpine (S) 986.9

Corangamite (S) 986.1

West Wimmera (S) 985.6

Mount Alexander (S) 983.3

Greater Bendigo (C) 983.1

Wangaratta (RC) 981.1

Ballarat (C) 980.8

Hepburn (S) 979.6

Bass Coast (S) 977.5

Wodonga (RC) 974.7

Wellington (S) 974.1

Maribyrnong (C) 974.0

Strathbogie (S) 970.2

Buloke (S) 967.7

Colac-Otway (S) 964.6

Campaspe (S) 964.1

Glenelg (S) 960.2

Gannawarra (S) 958.8

East Gippsland (S) 958.2

Benalla (RC) 957.2

Moira (S) 952.4

Yarriambiack (S) 952.4

Greater Shepparton (C) 951.9

Hume (C) 951.8

Ararat (RC) 950.5

Swan Hill (RC) 949.8

Hindmarsh (S) 946.6

Pyrenees (S) 939.9

Latrobe (C) 939.7

Page 80 of 82 Index of relative socio-economic disadvantage

Local Government Areas in Victoria

Local Government Area 2011 index Northern Grampians (S) 937.6

Mildura (RC) 935.0

Loddon (S) 934.1

Brimbank (C) 925.8

Central Goldfields (S) 904.6

Greater Dandenong (C) 894.9

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing 2011. Compiled and presented in profile.id by .id, the population experts.

Page 81 of 82 About the community profile Demographic change across Australia is recorded by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) in the Census collections every five years. Population experts, .id, analyse and convert these raw figures into stories of place to inform council staff, community groups, investors, business, students and the general public. The City of Brimbank Community Profile provides demographic analysis for the City and its suburbs based on results from the 2011, 2006, 2001, 1996 and 1991 Censuses of Population and Housing. The profile is updated with population estimates when the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) releases new figures such as the annual Estimated Resident Population (ERP). Suburb boundaries and Census questions change over time, but .id manages the data to ensure that there is an accurate time series provided for the current geographic boundaries. You can read more about this in the Geography Notes section. Results for the City of Brimbank include population, age structure, ethnicity, ancestry, religion, income, qualifications, occupations, employment, unemployment, disability, disadvantage, volunteering, childcare, family structure, household structure, housing tenure, mortgage and rental payments, and the size and type of the dwellings people live in. The Community Profile presents this information in clear maps, tables and charts with concise factual commentary to answer three important questions: 1. What are the characteristics of the people who live here? 2. How are they changing? 3. How do they compare to other areas? This provides the basis for making evidence-based decisions about how to provide services for the community as it changes. You can be confident about the quality of the information as it is derived from Australian Bureau of Statistics data, analysed and presented by population experts and funded by the City of Brimbank.

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