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Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt Der Moderne Mit Bremer Wurzeln

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Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt Der Moderne Mit Bremer Wurzeln Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln Hans Scharoun um 1930 und um 1960 A. Einleitung Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln Was ist moderne Architektur? A. Einleitung Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln Walter Gropius, Bauhausneubau in Dessau 1925-26 … muss man es umschreiten. A. Einleitung Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln Henry van de Velde, Kunstakademie Weimar, 1904-11 Walter Gropius, Bauhausneubau in Dessau 1925-26 Das Bauhaus begann vor hundert Jahren in einem Jugendstilbau A. Einleitung Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln Historismus Jugendstil Reformarchitektur/ Heimatschutzstil Expressionismus Neues Bauen Die Architektur durchlief zu Beginn des 20. Jhds einen Umbruch A. Einleitung Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln Historismus Jugendstil Historismus: Gerichtsgebäude Bremen, 1895 Jugendstil: Kunstakademie Weimar, 1904-11 Die Architektur durchlief zu Beginn des 20. Jhds einen Umbruch A. Einleitung Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Modernen mit Bremer Wurzeln Historismus Reformarchitektur/ Heimatschutzstil Historismus: Gerichtsgebäude Bremen, 1895 Reformarchitektur: Neues Rathaus Bremen, 1913 Die Architektur durchlief zu Beginn des 20. Jhds einen Umbruch A. Einleitung Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Modernen mit Bremer Wurzeln Historismus Expressionismus Historismus: Gerichtsgebäude Bremen, 1895 Expressionismus: Chilehaus Hamburg, 1919 Die Architektur durchlief zu Beginn des 20. Jhds einen Umbruch A. Einleitung Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln Historismus Neues Bauen Historismus: Gerichtsgebäude Bremen, 1895 Neues Bauen: Bauhausgebäude Dessau, 1926 Die Architektur durchlief zu Beginn des 20. Jhds einen Umbruch A. Einleitung Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln Historismus, Gerichtsgebäude Bremen, 1895 Neues Bauen, Bauhausgebäude 1926 Die moderne Architektur entstand nicht übergangslos A. Einleitung Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln Neues Bauen = Moderne Architektur = Internationaler Stil = (später) Klassische Moderne = (fälschlicherweise) Bauhausstil Formale Kennzeichen: + Verzicht auf historische Formbezüge + Abstrakte geometrische Formensprache + Verzicht auf Ornament + Demonstrative Zurschaustellung bautech- nischer Errungenschaften (z.B. Vorhangfassade) + Transparenz (Verschmelzung von innen und außen) + Verzicht auf Symmetrie (Antimonumentalität) + Plastizität der Bauanlagen (Vielansichtigkeit) + Dynamik (z.T. auch durch gekurvte Formen) A. Einleitung Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln Neues Bauen = Moderne Architektur = Internationaler Stil = (später) Klassische Moderne = (fälschlicherweise) Bauhausstil Inhaltliche Dimension (Ethik): + Einklang mit den techn. Möglichkeiten der Zeit + Repräsentation eines egalitären statt hierarchi- schen Gesellschaftsbildes + Sachlichkeit + Architektur (Städtebau) als Motor gesellschaft- licher Emanzipation + Utopische Ansprüche + Einheit der Künste + Vereinigung von Kunst und Leben A. Einleitung Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln „Neues Bauen zwischen 1924 und 1933 Schwerpunkte und Richtungen: (RUS) Konstruktivismus (NL) De Stijl (D) Neues Bauen (F) Le (CZ) (CH) Corbusier (A) (I) Rationalismus A. Einleitung Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln Hufeisensiedlung 1926-27 Hamburg + Altona ? Siedlung Helmholtzstraße 1927 Celle Berlin Magdeburg Bauhaus 1926 Köln Dessau Breslau Frankfurt/M. Siedlung Georgsgarten 1926-27 Werkbundsiedlung 1928-29 Stuttgart Werkbundsiedlung Siedlung Bruchfeldstr 1926-27 Am Weißenhof 1926-27 A. Einleitung Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln Villa in Schwachhausen Wohnungsbau in der Bismarckstraße Geschäftshaus in Vegesack1927 Ruderverein Vegesack Wohnungsbau in der Neustadt A. Einleitung Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln Hufeisensiedlung 1926-27 Hamburg + Altona ? Siedlung Helmholtzstraße 1927 Celle Berlin Magdeburg Bauhaus 1926 Köln Dessau Breslau Frankfurt/M. Siedlung Georgsgarten 1926-27 Werkbundsiedlung 1928-29 Stuttgart Werkbundsiedlung Siedlung Bruchfeldstr 1926-27 Am Weißenhof 1926-27 A. Einleitung Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln Biografische Daten und wichtige Bauten 1893 am 20. September in Bremen geboren, in Bremerhaven aufgewachsen 1912 Abitur in Bremerhaven 1912-1914 Studium an der Fakultät für Architektur der Technischen Hochschule Berlin-Charlottenburg 1915-1919 Militärdienst als stellvertretender Leiter eines Bauberatungsamtes für den Wiederaufbau Ostpreußens 1919-1925 Freier Architekt in Insterburg/Ostpreußen - Mitglied der „Gläsernen Kette“ 1925-1932 Ordentlicher Professor an der Staatlichen Akademie für Kunst und Kunstgewerbe, Breslau 1926 Mitglied der Architektenvereinigung „Der Ring“ 1927 Einfamilienhaus auf der Werkbundausstellung, Stuttgart-Weißenhof 1929 Wohnheim auf der Werkbundausstellung, Breslau 1930 Siedlung Siemensstadt, Berlin 1932 Freier Architekt in Berlin 1933 Haus Schminke, Löbau 1935 Haus Baensch, Berlin 1945-1946 Stadtrat und Leiter der Abteilung Bau- und Wohnungswesen des Magistrats von Berlin 1946-1958 Ordentlicher Professor an der Fakultät für Architektur der Technischen Universität Berlin, 1955-1968 Mitglied und Präsident der Akademie der Künste, Berlin 1958 Geschwister-Scholl-Gymnasium, Lünen 1959 Wohnhochhausgruppe Romeo und Julia, Stuttgart 1963 Philharmonie, Berlin 1966 Haupt- und Grundschule, Marl 1971 Wohnhochhaus Orplid, Böblingen 1972 am 25. November in Berlin gestorben 1973 Stadttheater Wolfsburg 1975 Deutsches Schiffahrtsmuseum, Bremerhaven 1978 Staatsbibliothek, Berlin A. Einleitung Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln B. Frühe Entwicklungsschritte Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln 1893 am 20. September in Bremen geboren, in Bremerhaven aufgewachsen 1912 Abitur in Bremerhaven 1912-1914 Studium an der Fakultät für Architektur der Technischen Hochschule Berlin-Charlottenburg 1915-1919 Militärdienst als stellvertretender Leiter eines Bauberatungsamtes für den Wiederaufbau Ostpreußens 1919-1925 Freier Architekt in Insterburg/Ostpreußen - Mitglied der „Gläsernen Kette“ „Es war die ständig erlebte Relation zwischen Wohnen und Arbeiten, zwischen Hafen und Stadt, welche Bremerhaven ausmachte.“ Scharoun 1964 rückblickend Viermaster Herzogin Cecilie, Schulschiff der Norddeutschen Lloyd, beim Durchschleusen vom Neuen Hafen zur Weser um 1906 B. Frühe Entwicklungsschritte Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln 1912-1914 Studium an der Fakultät für Architektur der Technischen Hochschule Berlin-Charlottenburg 1915-1919 Militärdienst als stellvertretender Leiter eines Bauberatungsamtes für den Wiederaufbau Ostpreußens 1919-1925 Freier Architekt in Insterburg/Ostpreußen - Mitglied der „Gläsernen Kette“ Erste Berufsjahre ohne formellen Studienabschluss Als 26-jähriger stößt Scharoun 1919 zum Kreis der sog. „Gläsernen Kette“. Der Aufruf zum Zusammenschluss stammt von Bruno Taut: „Seien wir mit Bewußtsein imaginäre Architekten! Wir glauben, daß erst eine völlige Umwälzung uns zum Werk führen kann. Der Bürger, der Herr Kollege wittert ganz mit Recht in uns die Revolution. Alle Begriffe, alle bisherigen Grundlagen auflösen, zersetzen. Dung! Und wir ein Keim im neuen Humus.“ Mitglieder (u.a.): Bruno und Max Taut, Hans und Wassili Luckhardt, Paul Gösch, Hans Scharoun, Hermann Finsterlin, Walter Gropius, Wenzel Hablik Wassili Luckhardt: Kultbau Festhalle aus Glas, 1920 B. Frühe Entwicklungsschritte Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln Scharoun-Beiträge zur Gläsernen Kette: Die Visionen kreisen um den „Volkshausgedanken“ und um „Glashäuser“ Zeichnungen 1919-20 B. Frühe Entwicklungsschritte Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln Aquarelle 1919-1920: Volkshausvisionen und zunehmend ein dynamischer Zug in den Architekturentwürfen B. Frühe Entwicklungsschritte Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln Aquarelle 1922-1923: Die skizzenhaften Architektureinfälle werden konkreter und der dynamische Zug verfestigt sich B. Frühe Entwicklungsschritte Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln Wettbewerb Post am Bahnhof in Bremen 1922 „… es entsteht ein Bau von klarer Physiognomie, gegliedert in Höhe, Breite und Länge, ein Bau, der den dynamischen Spannungen seiner Funktionen entspricht …“ B. Frühe Entwicklungsschritte Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln Wettbewerb Post am Bahnhof in Bremen 1922 „… es entsteht ein Bau von klarer Physiognomie, gegliedert in Höhe, Breite und Länge, ein Bau, der den dynamischen Spannungen seiner Funktionen entspricht …“ Rudolf Jacobs, Post am Bahnhof, 1926 B. Frühe Entwicklungsschritte Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln Scharoun: Wettbewerb Börsenhof in Königsberg 1922 + Wettbewerb Hochhaus am Bahnhof Friedrichstraße, Berlin 1922 B. Frühe Entwicklungsschritte Eberhard Syring: Hans Scharoun - Architekt der Moderne mit Bremer Wurzeln Scharoun: Bebauung Münsterplatz in Ulm 1924 + Wettbewerb Brückenkopf
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