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Expatriate Voting: the Shifting Approach of Italian Policy Makers Since 2001

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Expatriate Voting: the Shifting Approach of Italian Policy Makers Since 2001 Expatriate voting: the shifting approach of Italian policy makers since 2001 Chiara De Lazzari This thesis is submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Faculty of Health, Arts and Design Swinburne University of Technology 2017 ! ! Abstract Since 2001 Italian citizens living permanently in foreign countries can cast their vote and elect their overseas representatives for the Italian parliament. The inclusion of the Italian transnational community in Italian elections has over time created major concerns in the political arena since the elections in 2006 when votes from abroad determined the political outcome of the elections in Italy. This event generated a new debate amongst political parties and members of the institutions on the legitimacy of the expatriate voting system. This study explores the motivations that guided policy makers to introduce the expatriate voting policy in Italy to ascertain whether and how Italian policy makers have shifted their perspective in regard to the political participation of the Italian transnational community. This research also analyses the issues identified by policy makers in relation to the current expatriate voting policy since 2006 and to make predictions about the future of this policy in Italy. The study used a qualitative approach with 24 semi-structured in-depth interviews with policy makers. These included members of political parties, members of institutions, academics and experts in the field. Moreover, this research includes the document analysis of proposals submitted by MPs and Senators to review the expatriate voting policy since 2006 and the analysis of electoral turnout and electoral preferences in the foreign constituency. This research considers policy makers, such as political parties’ members and members of institutions, the most important players in the discussion and re-definition of political transnationalism in Italy. This study provides a new and original perspective in the analysis of political transnationalism in relation to the role of migrant sending countries. Moreover, the research highlights the role of (self) interest of political parties in relation to this form of political transnationalism. "! ! Acknowledgments I would like to thank Swinburne University of Technology for believing in my project and for allowing me to conduct this research. I would like to thank my supervisors Assoc. Prof. Bruno Mascitelli and Dr Glenda Ballantyne for their support during my candidature. Their guidance has been instrumental in the completion of the thesis. In particular, I would like to thank Bruno for his support, patience and trust during this long Ph.D. journey. I would like to thank the participants of this study. They have shown great interest in this project and their contribution has been crucial for conducting the research. I would like to thank my colleagues and friends Catherine, Luca and Maren. Sharing this journey with them has been a great adventure. I have learned a lot from them and I feel extremely lucky to have had such positive working environment over these four years. I would like to thank my entire family that has always believed in me and they have been of great support in spite the distance. Last but not least, I would like to thank my partner Marco who left Italy to join me in this Australian adventure. He supported and encouraged me throughout this long journey, even when I had doubts. No words can describe the gratitude and love. ""! ! Declaration I, Chiara De Lazzari, declare that this thesis, submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Doctor of Philosophy from the Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia: •! Contains no material which has been accepted for the award to myself of any other degree or diploma, except where due reference is made in the text of this thesis; •! To the best of my knowledge contains no material previously published or written by any other person except where due reference is made in the text of the thesis; •! Has been approved by Swinburne University Human Research Ethics Committee (SUHREC), Application 2014/55 and I certify that all conditions pertaining to this ethics clearance have been properly met and that annual reports of a final report have been submitted. Signed, Chiara De Lazzari """! ! 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