Uniform Flag Act

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Uniform Flag Act Uniform Flag Act: No person shall publicly mutilate, deface, defile, defy, trample upon, or by word or act cast contempt upon any such flag, standard, color, ensign or shield. Different: Alaska "while owned by others" Connecticut "puts indignity upon" Georgia "contemptuously abuse flag" Iowa "satirize, deride or burlesque" Massachusetts - "whether such flag is public or private property" "treats c ante mptuous ly" Nevada - mulilates, tramples upon, or who tears down or wilfully ~nd maliciously removes while owned by others, or defames, slanders, or speaks evilly or in a contemptuous manner of or otherwise defaces or defiles any of the flags, or ensign, which are public or private property. Oklahoma - "tears down, ... treats with indignity, or wantonly destroys the flag" · South Carolina - "jeer at" ;:;':Wisconsin- Whoever intentionally and publicly mutilates, defiles, or casts contempt upon the flag may be fined not more than $100 or imprisoned not more than 3 months, or both. ? ? ? Wyoming - "tears down" ·. No persone shall publicly mutilate, deface, defile, defy, trample upon, or by word or act cast contempt upon any such flag, standard, color, ensign or shield. ~.[ ,.~ ) 1-ia..u,:)CI : • I ~0 ~~c~ . M.t.t... ~.... Q .I. ~~ ;;;.~ ' -- "'2-- - ~- • ;;_ ~ dee~,) {)- ~~ }t f;t,VL i ue u.fl- ~ · ~ 6~ l ++ JZtu.. -./. to~ k, c~efJ 7 )';i ~ ><'litf ""' 1·.'*"· '(" .j., (. I~ 0,8 /dlkt:l2tY/ _ll I ·, I • t iJ lz:t_e ~ :-o ~ w~ r:_ep7 15/J, . I. --,- ;: ~ ' ~~ ~ -- ~ ak ~~£': ~G . ~J ~ ~ ~~~ ~~ -~($/ ~ --- ~~- - {~~~ ~ - -h - ~1 _.. ~ ~ ~4/c~ ~ . c-~.:?- - r, ------ r .J~ - +t:- --- - . ~ r~ . ~AZ 4 tfa~~ -tzaz ~ ~ __ _ r- ' ~ _$~ · . ~~~ /~ ~ Q-t), f _ I ~ ,-.'1~ ~ VJ ~"ti- ¥1. '-"' t -- ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ J, 46>f~t7 ~'- ·~~ttl I ~ ~ " ;.::.·~ '"\' wz.( . U ''..... ~ -,b w~ ~ 15 e- ~ t4 lf ~'.fe4J tvdlt ./Ue)l- .. ~d ~ ~~~ ~ ~~~~~..~-~~ill ~41 ~(/) A-- ~~ .,., ~~ ~ ~ ~ !'-'.~ ()( ~ ~ l,;_ t..dA.d_. te. ~~tV?&~ ;! ~ " ~-.,.'.~.P. " E,x~ I '' ••• LV~/ ~ 4. ~~ eg ~ ~ ..{!JJ~ .~,::,. ~ ~~, fAe ~~•• :J) ~jltlr 'I t'l...e Kc>-1- , ~ ~ ~ ~ ~F~/ ~ ~ ~ Lt.a; ~ 1;~ ida~ ft> ~ ~ k~) ~ ~ ~ ~c+-~ ~~ ~ ¥- ~.·· (AJAALf>v.~) ~v. ~) ''- , _. LV keAL 'k. ~ .g ~ .,A.-4.e ,., c.-r..,._,e.l · ~ ~~ ,__- ~~~ ~~ ~..___ { ~~) ~ . ~ ~ /4A tifflttUI. ,, - ~urs ,..t.:J ~ ~ ~~ (i).) ~ -Sid ~ ~cJINI ~ ~ ~ ~~ f. ~ ~ lo U:l~ ~ ...:.-Q~ ~ LtArW ...:.,~.JIJ~ ' f:.;J) w~ v~ f17f'tc., ~~,u.e,~ )t".,lu.J. ~ ,:.u~ d\A..C2.. ·.i\i -· ,, . • ~ • I' /I >' I - i!I I . l w - · ~ CJ1'" ~ ~~ fw-.. ld 1"'-··· ...e prutl4~ ~ ~ ~~ ..,...-..A- . - )~ ~ ~ l#lt41-·~'--' ~ ~ '-"•~ . b-<. ~ ~ '?"H~- lJ;4•·"! - ~ ' -~~) - ~ · .. - - ,_ ,. ,.,._,. ~~ -14. 1.:1-., kt> 4- ., ~ ___ f:14CMI ~ ~~ ~ __ _ ~r,/fh,) ~ ~~ (rtui~. ~ 4, ~ ~ /. .fttc, uJ-~. ~ (;; i-1 wa•_, ~ f+4tt, ~vi/ '/)' ~~' ' i' ~ •. I - - --H- -++ - ----·. --- .....,_..___ - --- ----- ------ - ' •+ -++ h~~ -- - - ', ' ' I ~ .... ~""' "' ~~ H-1 ~~"-"' ~ · t-~ . - .... I ~ t6~ -=7 tv~'.., ~~ . ' • c( ~ T~ ;j-;" ~~· ~ o~f ~~~ Oou/lyt-~ t'l. l g 3 /-1t (?_ ?:/'-1-1 {/17i) -' ~"'"'~ ,_..: f;.Y~Vt~tr h -..J ~ h.., l~ ~ IAd<J~~ ~ t...J ~ ~ ~ . ~ s~ ... J t c4~I~.,II&J ~ ~·-. ~~. ( 'If lA. ·~ '-.. ~ ~ ~.... -, . 1 f 1.-.1, ' ' ' ' I ,. r ~ ~ ;<· -~,.,'i;-;,··-... ,..~,·~~-----~---- ~ ~ (} !._ . ~Uu.. ~. ~~~{ ) + "::(5$; /,(,S . 8/ ( Jf?..f) II g1 + t "' ~ fo til~!- !o ~V't:£ ~ ¢~,.. : to-tJUt:u# k_ + tta- 1--,Yf2(!{) ..e'ftubtR~ . tJf tzvt. ~ f- yb c4U/~ u-t' pt.A.au-4. tJ1UiL c:- ~~ w~ ~ · -ul4.. 1 f p~yd ~f rvu.-~tu.£1 ~ge . ~ ~h ~ze_p /v (ia rt~:~ ~~,f Lb~ ~~~ a~ t- tvt-</l~-~4u u-1. · ~ ~.£~a-4~ ~ ~ ce~ t ~1·~· ' ' + + - . -"""~;,.~-----... - """\,;;... .... .,.,_... ......... ,.....,__... taU.... ,...1 st..~ h& ~ 114 ~~~ ~ lk .f-? v~. v. ~~~V\~S) ~ Z /A. r. li (J46o) ~,/"~ ~. ~ I --if>") l,.t. S. /f)~ l./~1 ~) /,{.$. 1-1. 0 •(J'f~t;,._ ~f I tl. S. ~ 7 { 111.1-) - J /Co~Jtll L). Wt.f) 39, u.s. 371 ()'f7l)) A~Ytffl>'f LJ. ~'a£/ ~~-tt.s. /S'I- 6., '&.) /~- I). 1./t,cktfe,. I 161 tiS. Js-. 'I I f../fll) -u.s. L.'. v~i+~; ~~z u.s. ,,_ C.t91'J - \,o1 PAlAU\ Cl'· ~ ! 4t~ti!) +'P~ 11. s. s-J~'I tH,,) ./~ltf.t~ II. ~~ J 1./P~ 1(. S . ..t>"f C/f7L_) IJ..s. (). v~'c.P ;p~ p,~~ ~?2. u.. s. 2."1 (fC:,' ~) / <;i••.A Ju. w;lses"o- ) YAr "'f.S. s-Ji (/t7Z.) . __ 'f3~v. ~ . :tn ~ e'- yc:;.~~t:O ~, - -. ' C!1'~c.r) ,......,.._----:~~--=-::-::..__..-:.-;~==--~~ ~- ..:J - - , ~_tL c44· / L/~ 3 /A. S 1~ {l'i7tl l{_s. v. ~ ~ ~~r ~.~ a1 tt~~o ""'n~ v. b~~ t~l- ~. 2~,/1 ~. t; , 3&'> (Jet~) '"'f h~~ v. u)? Jo' l<..s. ~~-~ - ---- C/~3~) .. -.;,~ . .'· . ' . -;.s~; - t ~I'L~ u. ~~ e 4N~y . J R~9 1-(S. 38S" { /1L~) ·- 3tr!- ----+------ -- -- -- --+- -- ~ [ ----- --- +- - ~- - - -- -- ------ --- -- ~ t - t ' 3tJ? 1/.s. ~s1 ( l'l3ct) ~ 4/53 - + II 7-C CfVl dt /1-a -tLuz. ~<:fp(J jWV-zJ:~~ 0 A£n~ ~o 7u... ~ ~ dl-~ ) ~tfL-c!-~ o6 ~ ~ ~ 1j-~ ~\je~~ ·# /U ~?~ ~ut ~~ ~~ ft OJ~~ if. v. t.b ~ .#~ / .-/U-0;:.. ~ ~~.,zo-~ ~dJb, tl) ~141 ~/~_;? ~ Au~ A; ~UJ~~ ~ ~~ ~ .r4U?~- ~tf"'-h?U.,.:_ _... JJo \ ~ ~1 b ~/WFt?P «- ;P~d iff ~ / AJ;~" 0 ~It; IP ~d!dz a.- h au ~W\~ 1 ;Jf-!~ef ~~. //t:fl d.(.e ~Wf # k p..r~-~ ?to ;h ?b 4afl ~ ~ ~VI Jf~· // (W~ ~ - L/~6- 11/~tftau~ ~ ~N Azfu ~ L~~ 4-u~ 4f;Y..M;2 ~_.A~~t' ~ 4;:;~-~ ~ ~ ~~~ ?£.~e.]. .T.f ~£~ &_ ~~e? >6 iwttl -it.dj ~ ~Z/14?l 15 ~ ·~-td<''# u_d?:?~C'~ ~( ~ ~~~/ - ~7 k~ ~~~ -7i ~~( · ~ ~vi'~£ ~u~ ~~ lo 't0 ~~ + ..~ U<f.£<:f Ar ~ ~. /1 + f97?( 21 s . 2!4">­ { /927) 4-"s---o fl toe au? ~~ ~df.~~-r a. c:~ ~ ~ ~4~ ~tit~~~~~~ + ?- ~~ ~ ~~ zioz. ~~~ + ~tAAth# ~/tth; ~ ~~ a-u~Y?~f~ ~ ~~ t&a~ ~~ ~ ~ c£'~~ ~~~--? ~ .D-tvl d~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~~_,;_ /P ~ w ~~~ ~~ .4-P ~ - ~ ::12 CA;J~ - ~-1 &.u<_ I ~~/ /Ut1j ~ ~~f2 ~~ ~ .- ~cf- ~ u;~_t'~ ~ ~ ~&,,/.12&/, I t - J ~ ~ U. ~~ /2 ~. 5 . 2!t..t' (/&'?~-_) {~ &-/ ~!) -- -_ ---- -- '"2. ?-j . l / '/.1 UuLW!?~ ~~&7 k ~ ( ~ -· -· \------- P?t~c~ ~u_ _.412 a.. ~- ~~ . ~~~ ~ ~ ~ aD ~ ,~~/ a/~~f ~~~ - ~ ~ t~ ./tJ ·77--uz c~ A ~ ~~ ~ 4&'( tv~ U>«--f'IX /k ~~ ~;"'~ a-<-..c/ _ _ ~ tvULJ ~M /:k ...~ d ~? . ·· ~ I + + /!J.s u L. C,Lu.-.. !'fro~ 0; ;;,ss- ~-s. fi'l {!?zt) ~~ u . ~ ~.;.,. 4>. ·; :?6f t/.s. .S>?s- (!Y~) ~b {./4_~1,;,_ ~< lJ' · v. 0r ~tu 'A y 26'&. U . s: . Zit> 0"1~2) z/~ tJ . Fru:_kj)~Co . / ~7J./ l!.s. L/o/'s- (Jctz7) ~ ~~ v. ~> "/.2 U.s ;;>;'t zz; (1151s-) t If! ~~J//~tO?~t ~- r ~ V _ ~J ~3'-/ U.S 2.!~/i;~ /aa:... IJ . .!f::t / ?fo 7 I.( 5. I OC( ((9 7:1..) ~ P1ft:t ~/Ptn. u. .::Jt:dh.vdk.~ L/os q, $ . _,,:,-c;. LNn) ~ ?+~ /) , !/o~ / 3S:t; t(c~, 35- (_jtj&,~) e~~~., .P~ tJ . ~ dg Ec.,d<_~/ "'(!12 LIS. S'?'~ (/771) /)'r ¢ ~w:! v ~/ ?(t>fi /.(.>:. /?)'( {197<.) + (/t?67) &l 11. 5 . //(7 {/9 ) '" ~It~ Jk~ v .. /~'1 ) 3~LL if5:_ . 11;;- C/7~4:,) ~-G.~~;jk~ 6~ u . ~) 3~2 U . >. 3t:i1 (116s) - U. 5. U . ~J 3t..(?( W - ~ - /7~ ( J4S2..) &~ *r- 3'/3 11. S . 'ftf ,s- { 19 5" '2.) - /Jd;?1 u. ---lt{ s_ ·· ~ jl1qtzls -~ /Jdutto I J~ -. 91 -- - - - (~ Me C-tL,f&tc-t : !kdt. Ut., 1-u-v~ev-. Ab~ r · - ~ 0. ~- -...:._ - l l ~Ach - -Sp~ ~ , - /J/t,() ~~AA. tf:> w ~~J ~ 11.} &..4 ~u.J - ~ ~ t._ ~~~<!-<. ... ~ he<- - ~ ~ M~ ~ j?Cu--tu;r- - ~ ct!A ~ tJ-<1 r~ak), ~ ct<.a~ tU ~;7!1 fr~ ~ -- -~-t'-?'e LJA-o /~ ~~ ) fm>~ ~ t - 4f1AA:ndW-. ', ~ ~e-.(_. - ~6~; ~~ t'- d~J --:) ~~~ - ~ ~JC opt.k~ r t , ~f'0 _A£j~f I, - !-1-C_ iASD c_ --r'cA- 'f -~~ 1 ~ t-e lm-ft< J/'R--f/) ~ ~ ~ CAt ~6 ~ , \ ·------ ~ -- 0_~\ ~ ~ ~(J - - -- - + - -- /. /1A--()~J 2 ~&rd ~~A.. :3 -tor ~ -.rw~t ~ ~\J2~ I I 1 1. /LP~ -- t<-~ ~oc. t a\. M?-ua~ C ~ vi;, uk 1t.t2-vL/ d~_k1 -~tc.;, ~ *1R- .n~ ~:!Jtfd r~,(? 1' ~ ~~ .A/!U7 /~elk~ -~ ~e 4 7t> 1~ ~"'~r • ·- ~~~ ~ a~~~~ t ~~ t - ~ 1 ~ "P ?... =? LA-u ooa rr?a~ t 10> .AA&d :£ ~ ± ~ -- ·----- _l_ ~~ d0~ ~" h 1; f t/---tR P._ -- c. ~ ~ b..J ~ r~ ~~ ~ v~#r- 1. ~ tL k_ vk ~ ~~ ~~ "2. ~'I- a..i~- ~ vc . - f). A!!_ ~ t£_ ~ ~~ - ~~ · /)~ ~ Gf A-u~~ ~ - .-~ .k ~~ -- -- --+ . &JtfUca~ ,4%.01- b ~ ~. - t -- -- - . - to ;'U&he. - t?.<A ·-6tu C-~/ ~·~ __ , __ -- -b'1 / ~ ~d- ~ - -----+-- ---- - -- -- j---- ~ ~p__ .f. ~ !v k ~ -. ---+ -· V1ACr2L ~~ -- - -- -+- -- -- -- - +- - -- - - ~ ------~ I ·~ /1 -- ~ ,..._· --i . ,1/.J. 0..... h· .. .. - j/D - t + I - - - t - - See , ~_J 4 ~ a2 7~ - t r- &/Lf-- 11 7~) ~ ~~~ dL ~r vre) ~-~- vir ~ '~ tlu! tl Ao/U~ef 4:_<'~~ # ~~ I ! ~~ ~~t-f # ~ AA~~ ~ ~~~4: + ~~~- d#~/ h./ -"'t~~ ~' m.z. ~ - ~ ~ AA-() c#u-~?f' ~ ~~~ 0 4fXdltdJ ~ 112~. + + - - ---- + ..... -- - --- + f0o"ti,> '' f)J2<:ref2fi~ . ~ ))~~~ , ~~.4 ~ ~~ k~~y F~~ ' 6'0 Awe~ ~ ~ /O'iO {/'168) -- +- + - --- -- - .j. ----- l -<f.;.t r I ' fJ~tj0t!J-0hv-- :!" ~- fd"L(~~r r.fo5 /!7"2-- ·- \,;-- 'io.~. "--""'--""-·--"'--·· ~ ..~ . ~ilcUJ~ .• s} u Dew~- ~ 3 P &yr-7<fo)-:z% "1-7 Dl~>bf:'t(Z;R ~) . k~ -- ~ 7 f ~ I 7 ~ }-t 78 - 71 ~Lt 111oiel L~~ 3-y;:)_ U. ..s. 3s 7J 31CJ Jiq.D~'vka~"' v. I.,J-1,JeJ ~ ~J-f6- 1=: "2.d 2 ~ I ~---¢-to \=.~ . tj~ (1'-1'-J/oJ'$) ()~ {/ ~ ~~ 3/Cf j: . ~- ?DeL( f!~~~0 ....__ 3n:·-r-~1 ..s--.,s.- f{ T~ 1~ ~_o__Q ~r -ik_J ~ ln.o ~ ~ ~~ k?~~ ._>U.v~l1 ~ ~ ~ -~ ~. ;. ~ ~ ~~'bc>eo~J~ v-c:uLUw. .£·<-<-= ~12. ()[~. &-5'$ - • ;J St-~ L) . 10{.y;,~"' =78 /.() ~b{ ~ o< =JG- ·G~~ \2 . ~) 2c; P 7, zo:t 11t:t) 1zs ~ --6fo 1 b{ ,J . c;-3 t _ SfVLi#J v ' {_~~~ ; 3 G I L{_ 5 ~ ('-{7 F l~ ~ l/. V\, s: ~ L_{J..J.- f~<f cP ' --J -------~ ---- - -- - + /<i /1. S. {. 1oo + ~~ u v r U, S 7) - -6.f~;_! F: tz-{} 1.-:rJ-r-; -~.
Recommended publications
  • The Colours of the Fleet
    THE COLOURS OF THE FLEET TCOF BRITISH & BRITISH DERIVED ENSIGNS ~ THE MOST COMPREHENSIVE WORLDWIDE LIST OF ALL FLAGS AND ENSIGNS, PAST AND PRESENT, WHICH BEAR THE UNION FLAG IN THE CANTON “Build up the highway clear it of stones lift up an ensign over the peoples” Isaiah 62 vv 10 Created and compiled by Malcolm Farrow OBE President of the Flag Institute Edited and updated by David Prothero 15 January 2015 © 1 CONTENTS Chapter 1 Page 3 Introduction Page 5 Definition of an Ensign Page 6 The Development of Modern Ensigns Page 10 Union Flags, Flagstaffs and Crowns Page 13 A Brief Summary Page 13 Reference Sources Page 14 Chronology Page 17 Numerical Summary of Ensigns Chapter 2 British Ensigns and Related Flags in Current Use Page 18 White Ensigns Page 25 Blue Ensigns Page 37 Red Ensigns Page 42 Sky Blue Ensigns Page 43 Ensigns of Other Colours Page 45 Old Flags in Current Use Chapter 3 Special Ensigns of Yacht Clubs and Sailing Associations Page 48 Introduction Page 50 Current Page 62 Obsolete Chapter 4 Obsolete Ensigns and Related Flags Page 68 British Isles Page 81 Commonwealth and Empire Page 112 Unidentified Flags Page 112 Hypothetical Flags Chapter 5 Exclusions. Page 114 Flags similar to Ensigns and Unofficial Ensigns Chapter 6 Proclamations Page 121 A Proclamation Amending Proclamation dated 1st January 1801 declaring what Ensign or Colours shall be borne at sea by Merchant Ships. Page 122 Proclamation dated January 1, 1801 declaring what ensign or colours shall be borne at sea by merchant ships. 2 CHAPTER 1 Introduction The Colours of The Fleet 2013 attempts to fill a gap in the constitutional and historic records of the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth by seeking to list all British and British derived ensigns which have ever existed.
    [Show full text]
  • The Comparative Law of Flag Desecration: the United States and the Federal Republic of Germany, 15 Hastings Int'l & Comp
    Hastings International and Comparative Law Review Volume 15 Article 2 Number 4 Summer 1992 1-1-1992 The ompC arative Law of Flag Desecration: The United States and the Federal Republic of Germany Peter E. Quint Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.uchastings.edu/ hastings_international_comparative_law_review Part of the Comparative and Foreign Law Commons, and the International Law Commons Recommended Citation Peter E. Quint, The Comparative Law of Flag Desecration: The United States and the Federal Republic of Germany, 15 Hastings Int'l & Comp. L. Rev. 613 (1992). Available at: https://repository.uchastings.edu/hastings_international_comparative_law_review/vol15/iss4/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at UC Hastings Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Hastings International and Comparative Law Review by an authorized editor of UC Hastings Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Comparative Law of Flag Desecration: The United States and the Federal Republic of Germany By PETER E. QUINT* I. INTRODUCTION I In the American constitutional system, as in many others, freedom of speech generally is viewed as an individual right. Yet, even though the initial focus is on individuals, definition of this right often depends on the weight of governmental interests and the implications of related political and social structures. Because the relationship between speech and poli- tics is particularly close, the definition of "freedom of speech" is often intertwined with the underlying presuppositions of the political system and past or present assessments of its stability. This relationship between speech and political structures is particu- larly evident in the case of political speech, which may stir individuals and groups to action or which may exert a more subtle influence on the nature and continuity of political processes.
    [Show full text]
  • Flag Terminology
    Flag Terminology (not fully standardised, so terms used here may differ from other sources) page 1 of 2 (from newzealand.flagoptions.com) Flag terminology, cont'd (a non-comprehensive list of additional terms, in alphabetical order) page 2 of 2 (from newzealand.flagoptions.com) Appliqué: In the era before screen printing, the process by which all flags were made, that is, by cutting out individual pieces of differently-coloured fabrics and then tediously sewing them together by hand. Nowadays, the labour-intensive appliqué process is generally reserved for making highly decorative or ceremonial flags, such as those that one often sees arranged behind national leaders, because modern flag printing processes can handle a multitude of colours and the most intricate of patterns, churning out remarkable flag designs on an assortment of incredibly durable fabrics. Even for sewn flags, manual labour is giving way to computer-controlled laser cutters for flag fabrics, and automated stitching is probably on the horizon. Charge: Any emblem, shape, or object that is superimposed on the field of a flag, less accurately called a 'device'. For example, the current New Zealand flag has been 'charged' with a depiction of the Southern Cross. Defacement: When used for flags this term has nothing to do with spoiling or vandalising, but only means that a new element has been added to an existing flag. For example, the basis of the current New Zealand national flag is the British blue ensign, a flag with a plain blue field and a Union Jack canton. The New Zealand flag, then, is comprised of a British blue ensign that has been 'defaced' by the addition of the Southern Cross.
    [Show full text]
  • Flag and Symbol Usage in Early New England
    North American Vexillological Association Volume 13 — 2006 i Subscriptions & Submission of Articles Raven: A Journal of Vexillology is published by the North American Vexillological Association (NAVA), PMB 225, 1977 North Olden Avenue Extension, Trenton, New Jersey 08618-2193, USA. Address manuscripts and correspondence concern- ing them to the attention of the Raven editor. Address subscription/membership questions to the attention of the Membership Committee. Submission of Articles: For guidelines and schedule, contact the Raven editor, c/o NAVA. Send a paper copy of the article to the Raven editor, along with copies of any photographs or figures plus the text on computer disk in WordPerfect or MS Word with a minimum of formatting. (To have the material returned, include a self-ad- dressed envelope with sufficient postage.) Articles are subject to an annual juried review and accepted based on criteria set by the Editorial Board. Authors of accepted articles must sign a publication agreement assigning copyright to NAVA and affirm- ing that the material is original and not previously published elsewhere. Articles will be edited for style, consistency, and length. Material appearing in Raven does not necessarily reflect the policy or opinion of NAVA, the NAVA executive board, or the Raven editor. Information concerning permission to reprint articles is available from the Raven editor. Articles appearing in Raven are abstracted and indexed in HISTORICAL ABSTRACTS and AMERICA: HISTORY AND LIFE. Cover Illustration: Québec’s Parliament Building displaying the flags of France and Québec during a visit by French Prime Minister Raffarin. Title Page: The 1913 U.S. flag belonging to Worthen Post No.
    [Show full text]
  • ABSTRACT Title of Thesis: BETWEEN REBEL FLAGS: IRAQI
    ABSTRACT Title of Thesis: BETWEEN REBEL FLAGS: IRAQI VEXILLOLOGY AND STATE ICONOGRAPHY, 1921 – 2017 John T. Andrews, Master of Arts 2020 Thesis directed by: Professor Peter Wien Department of History In under a century of existence, the Republic of Iraq has adopted seven national flags. The circumstances of these modifications occurred under times of tremendous political transformation following wars and military coups. The evolution of Iraqi vexillology often corresponded to sub-national violence and direct challenges to state authority. This thesis considers Iraqi identity through the lens of its national flags and iconography from 1921 to 2017. It argues that Iraqi flags and iconography constitute an archive revealing a national identity organized around an emphasis on ethnicity and transhistorical relationships. BETWEEN REBEL FLAGS: IRAQI VEXILLOLOGY AND STATE ICONOGRAPHY, 1921 – 2017 by John T. Andrews Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park in partial fulfillment Of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts 2020 Advisory Committee: Professor Peter Wien, Chair Professor Shay Hazkani Professor Colleen Woods © Copyright by John T. Andrews 2020 ii For my family iii Table of Contents Dedication ………………………………………………………………………………………..iii Table of Contents ………………………………………………………………………………...iv List of Tables …………………………………………………………………………………….vi List of Figures …………………………………………………………………………………...vii Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………………… 1 Chapter 2 ………………………………………………………………………………………….4
    [Show full text]
  • Flag Profanation and the Law Emmet V
    Kentucky Law Journal Volume 60 | Issue 4 Article 10 1972 Flag Profanation and the Law Emmet V. Mittlebeeler Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/klj Part of the First Amendment Commons Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits you. Recommended Citation Mittlebeeler, Emmet V. (1972) "Flag Profanation and the Law," Kentucky Law Journal: Vol. 60 : Iss. 4 , Article 10. Available at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/klj/vol60/iss4/10 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Kentucky Law Journal by an authorized editor of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Flag Profanation and the Law By EMMET V. MIT-LEBEELER* I. INTRODUCTION Recent years have seen numerous deliberate acts of mutilation or destruction of one of the most cherished of all American emblems-the flag of the United States of America. These have been performed in public, often before a sympathetic crowd, and nearly always for the purpose of protesting a current policy or action of the government or a social practice or custom. Use of the flag or flag design in unconventional ways, as in clothing, decorations, and advertising, even where no political protest is intended, has also become prevalent. Both types of flag abuse-"desecration"-have presented vex- atious constitutional questions, especially in regard to freedom of expression. Questions about such freedom of course are not new but now they involve an especially unique and respected object- the flag.
    [Show full text]
  • Proper Use of the Saltire
    Proper use of the Saltire THE NATIONAL FLAG OF SCOTLAND confirmed by Act of the Scottish Parliament in The national flag of Scotland is a white saltire 1672 as the exclusive property of the Sovereign. (diagonal cross) on a blue background. The Its correct use is restricted to only a few Great technical description is - azure, a saltire argent. Officers who officially represent Scotland, including the Secretary of State for Scotland. Its In Scots Heraldry, 1956, the then Lord Lyon – use by unauthorised persons is an offence. Sir Thomas Innes of Learney - stated: “The THE LYON COURT Cross of St Andrew is the flag which any THE LYON COURT Scotsman (or woman) is entitled to fly or wear The ultimate authority on Scottish Flags and as evidence of his (or her) national identity or Heraldry is the Lyon Court, an ancient institution patriotism. This is also the proper flag to fly on going back centuries before the Act of Union. a Scottish church”. COLOUR AND DIMENSIONS DATES TO REMEMBER COLOUR AND DIMENSIONS The Saltire should be flown on the following The blue field of the Saltire should be bright Scottish Anniversaries: azure in harmony with the legend, but not pale JANUARY 1 - New Year’s Day or weak. The dark blue used in the Union Flag is JANUARY 25 - Burns Day too dark. Although there is no definitive colour APRIL 6 - Declaration of Arbroath Day codification, the Flag Trust advises that a proper JUNE 24 - Bannockburn Day lighter blue should be close to Pantone 300. The AUGUST 23 - Wallace Day proportions are not fixed, but the ratio 5:4 NOVEMBER 30 - St Andrew's Day (length to height) is suitable.
    [Show full text]
  • The Flag Institute Research Note No. 2 Colonial Flag Badges
    The Flag Institute Research Note No. 2 Colonial Flag Badges: A Chronology Author: Nick Weekes Effective Date: 10 June 2008 The analysis, opinions and conclusions expressed or implied in this research note are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the Flag Institute. Neither the author nor the Flag Institute asserts copyright but appropriate acknowledgement should be made if extracts from the note are reproduced within a published work. COLONIAL FLAG BADGES: A CHRONOLOGY INTRODUCTORY NOTES A. This research note seeks to record the evolution of the system whereby distinctive flag badges have been used to deface: (i) The fly of the Blue Ensign to serve as: (a) Proper national colours for colonial government vessels. (b) Unofficial colonial land flags. (ii) The fly of the Red Ensign to serve as proper national colours for merchant vessels registered in certain overseas territories. (iii) The centre of the Union Flag (normally within an encircling garland) to serve as distinguishing flags for colonial Governors and other officers administering overseas governments. B. The note records the milestones in the evolution of the system in chronological order. Details of colonial- type flag badges in current use are annexed. C. The origins of the system can be traced to two separate initiatives in the 1860s: (i) An Admiralty initiative in 1865/66 to determine proper national colours for colonial government vessels (prompted by the Colonial Naval Defence Act 1865 and the arrangements introduced for government vessels in the United Kingdom in 1864/65); this initiative resulted in agreement between the Admiralty and the Colonial Office on the arrangements for the defacement of the Blue Ensign.
    [Show full text]
  • Convergence and Unification: the National Flag of South Africa (1994) in Historical Perspective
    CONVERGENCE AND UNIFICATION: THE NATIONAL FLAG OF SOUTH AFRICA (1994) IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE by FREDERICK GORDON BROWNELL submitted as partial requirement for the degree DOCTOR PHILOSOPHIAE (HISTORY) in the Faculty of Humanities University of Pretoria Pretoria Promoter: Prof. K.L. Harris 2015 i Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...................................................................................................... iii ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................................. iv ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ................................................................................... v CHAPTER I - INTRODUCTION: FLYING FLAGS ................................................................ 1 1.1 Flag history as a genre ................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Defining flags .............................................................................................................. 4 1.3 Flag characteristics and terminology ......................................................................... 23 1.4 Outline of the chapters ............................................................................................... 28 CHAPTER II- LITERATURE SURVEY: FLAGGING HISTORIES .................................... 31 2.1 Flag plates, flag books and flag histories ................................................................... 31 2.2 Evolution of vexillology and the emergence of flag literature
    [Show full text]
  • Flagmaster Index
    FLAG INSTITUTE WILLIAM CRAMPTON LIBRARY INDEX TO FLAGMASTER 1-161 FLAG INSTITUTE BULLETIN HERALDRY SOCIETY FLAG SECTION NEWSLETTER The journal Flagmaster was first published by the newly founded Flag Institute in 1971. It appeared more or less quarterly from Issue 001-159 (2019), then twice-yearly from Issue 160 (2020). Flagmaster succeeded the Heraldry Society Flag Section Newsletter (4 issues - Spring 1969 to Winter 1970) and was briefly replaced in 1974/5 by the Flag Institute Bulletin. The Bulletin consisted of several sections - Civic Flags, Correspondence, Flag Institute News, Military Flags, New Books, New Flags, Political Changes - each paginated separately and not necessarily included in every issue. After publication ceased, the five issues of the Bulletin were renumbered retrospectively as Flagmaster Issues 19-23. Flagmaster then resumed publication at Issue 24. Issues of Flagmaster are numbered in bold. Issues of the Flag Institute Bulletin are prefixed FIB. Issues of the Heraldry Society Flag Section Newsletter are prefixed HS. ABU DHABI: Air Force flags Defence Force Air Wing, 5: 2 ABU DHABI: National heraldry National emblem, 4: 1 ADAMS, Tom The Royal Mail pennant, 152: 16-17 AFGHANISTAN: Air Force flags Aircraft markings, 137: 6-7; 150: 6-7 AFGHANISTAN: National flag Afghanistan also comes full circle, 104: 23 Amended, 11/12: 11 Flag history, 58: 1–3 New flag, 14: 4, 9; 15: 7; 24: NF4; 30: 3, 4; 71: 12; 72: 8; 74: 9; 115: 19; 116: 16 The world's (latest) largest flag, 130: 18 AFGHANISTAN: National heraldry Changes in national
    [Show full text]
  • National Identity in the Political Party Flags in Croatia
    National Identity in the Political Party Flags in Croatia Željko Heimer Abstract In 1989 the first new political parties were formed in Croatia after almost half a century of the single-party system and in 1990 the multiparty elections were held. The re-born democracy quickly produced dozens of new parties, most of which started using logos and symbols and many of them flags. In the last 20 years some of the parties were disbanded, others newly established, some have united, others split—the total number of parties registered at any given time has averaged about 100, although probably only a score or two had any significant influence in the country’s political life. With the different ideologies and interests, parties chose different flags and emblems depicted in them, some based on the national flag, on the chequy arms, on other national symbols, while other chose elements of regional and local identity, European and global symbols as well as other more particular ones. This paper systematically presents the flags of various parties in Croatia in the last 20 years with an emphasis on the identity symbols they use. A Flag of the Croatian Peasant Party, ca. 1927 (Croatian History Museum, HPM/PMH 11865) Proceedings of the 24th International Congress of Vexillology, Washington, D.C., USA 1–5 August 2011 © 2011 North American Vexillological Association (www.nava.org) 437 National Identity in the Political Party Flags in Croatia Introduction Political parties are the interest political organizations in democratic political systems, representing programs and interest of various social layers. In their competitive role, they enable competition between different programmes, and by having integrative role, they enable balance in the functioning of the political system.
    [Show full text]
  • Political Symbols in Two Constitutional Orders: the Flag Desecration Decisions of the United States Supreme Court and the German Federal Constitutional Court
    POLITICAL SYMBOLS IN TWO CONSTITUTIONAL ORDERS: THE FLAG DESECRATION DECISIONS OF THE UNITED STATES SUPREME COURT AND THE GERMAN FEDERAL CONSTITUTIONAL COURT Ute Krüdewagen1 Symbolism is a primitive but effective way of communicating ideas. The use of an emblem or flag to symbolize some system, idea, institution, or personality, is a short cut from mind to mind. Causeslans and nations, political parties, lodges and ecclesiastical groups seek to knit the loyalty of their followings to a flag or banner, a color or design.2 I.I. INTRODUCTION A symbol is a sign or representation, suggesting an idea or quality as by resemblance or by convention.3 Daily life is saturated with symbols of all kinds: graphical, audible and textual symbols, gestures, facial expressions, clothes and odors. Symbols often operate on a subconscious or emotional level. This might explain why the treatment of political symbols such as flags or national anthems in constitutional jurisprudence sometimes has aroused immense passion.4 A recent example is the United States Supreme Court (Supreme Court) decision in Texas v. Johnson.5 By a close five to four vote, the Court held that the conviction of Gregory Lee Johnson for burning the American flag in political protest violated his First Amendment right to free speech. In the public uproar that followed the Court’s decision, a proposal to amend the United States Constitution failed and Congress enacted a federal Flag Protection Act, which the Supreme Court invalidated in the decision United States v. Eichman.6 On March 7, 1990, three months before the Supreme Court handed down the Eichman decision, the German Federal Constitutional Court (Bundesverfassungsgericht) 1.
    [Show full text]