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Nepal Side, We Must Mention Prof
The Journal of Newar Studies Swayambhv, Ifliihichaitya Number - 2 NS 1119 (TheJournal Of Newar Studies) NUmkL2 U19fi99&99 It has ken a great pleasure bringing out the second issue of EdltLlo the journal d Newar Studies lijiiiina'. We would like to thank Daya R Sha a Gauriehankar Marw&~r Ph.D all the members an bers for their encouraging comments and financial support. ivc csp~iilly:-l*-. urank Prof. Uma Shrestha, Western Prof.- Todd ttwria Oregon Univers~ty,who gave life to this journd while it was still in its embryonic stage. From the Nepal side, we must mention Prof. Tej Shta Sudip Sbakya Ratna Kanskar, Mr. Ram Shakya and Mr. Labha Ram Tuladhar who helped us in so many ways. Due to our wish to publish the first issue of the journal on the Sd Fl~ternatioaalNepal Rh&a levi occasion of New Nepal Samht Year day {Mhapujii), we mhed at the (INBSS) Pdand. Orcgon USA last minute and spent less time in careful editing. Our computer Nepfh %P Puch3h Amaica Orcgon Branch software caused us muble in converting the files fm various subrmttd formats into a unified format. We learn while we work. Constructive are welcome we try Daya R Shakya comments and will to incorporate - suggestions as much as we can. Atedew We have received an enormous st mount of comments, Uma Shrcdha P$.D.Gaurisbankar Manandhar PIID .-m -C-.. Lhwakar Mabajan, Jagadish B Mathema suggestions, appreciations and so forth, (pia IcleI to page 94) Puma Babndur Ranjht including some ~riousconcern abut whether or not this journal Rt&ld Rqmmtatieca should include languages other than English. -
The Journey of Nepal Bhasa from Decline to Revitalization — Resha Maharjan Master of Philosophy in Indigenous Studies May 2018
Center for Sami Studies Faculty of Humanities, Social Science and Education The Journey of Nepal Bhasa From Decline to Revitalization — Resha Maharjan Master of Philosophy in Indigenous Studies May 2018 The Journey of Nepal Bhasa From Decline to Revitalization A thesis submitted by Resha Maharjan Master of Philosophy in Indigenous Studies The Centre of Sami Studies (SESAM) Faculty of Humanities, Social Science and Education UIT The Arctic University of Norway May 2018 Dedicated to My grandma, Nani Maya Dangol & My children, Prathamesh and Pranavi मा車भाय् झीगु म्हसिका ख: (Ma Bhay Jhigu Mhasika Kha) ‘MOTHER TONGUE IS OUR IDENTITY’ Cover Photo: A boy trying to spin the prayer wheels behind the Harati temple, Swoyambhu. The mantra Om Mane Padme Hum in these prayer wheels are written in Ranjana lipi. The boy in the photo is wearing the traditional Newari dress. Model: Master Prathamesh Prakash Shrestha Photo courtesy: Er. Rashil Maharjan I ABSTRACT Nepal Bhasa is a rich and highly developed language with a vast literature in both ancient and modern times. It is the language of Newar, mostly local inhabitant of Kathmandu. The once administrative language, Nepal Bhasa has been replaced by Nepali (Khas) language and has a limited area where it can be used. The language has faced almost 100 years of suppression and now is listed in the definitely endangered language list of UNESCO. Various revitalization programs have been brought up, but with limited success. This main goal of this thesis on Nepal Bhasa is to find the actual reason behind the fall of this language and hesitation of the people who know Nepal Bhasa to use it. -
Swarthmore College Bal Gopal Shrestha. 2015. the Newars of Sikkim
BOOK REVIEWS | 439 of engrossing quality that listening to your grandfather fondly reminisce about his life does. Students and acquaintances of Baral will definitely find a great deal to appreciate in his autobiography, and for other people, it is a sometimes exhausting but ultimately rewarding read. Abha Lal Swarthmore College Bal Gopal Shrestha. 2015. The Newars of Sikkim: Reinventing Language, Culture, and Identity in the Diaspora. Kathmandu: Vajra Books. This ethnographical work is by far the most comprehensive account of the Newars in the diaspora. Based on the fieldwork among the Newars in Sikkim, it argues that power politics compels the subjects to expand the networks of relation and power to adjust in the alien culture. Then they seek to connect to their home tradition and language. Shrestha has published widely on the Nepali religious rituals, Hinduism, Buddhism, ethnic nationalism, and the Maoist movement. His previous book The Sacred Town of Sankhu: The Anthropology of Newar Ritual, Religion and Sankhu in Nepal (2012) was an ethnographic account of the Newars in their homeland. In this book, Shrestha studies the restructuring of the ethnic identity in the diaspora. He considers ritual practice – for the Newars, the guñhãs (especially the traditional funeral association, si: guthi:) – as a marker of such identity. Based on the finding that this practice has been abandoned by the Newars in Sikkim, he raises the following questions: How do ritual traditions function in a new historical and social context? How are rituals invented under altered circumstances? What is identity constructed through transnational linkages over long distances? On the theoretical level, Shrestha attempts to satisfy nine major features of Diaspora proposed in Robin Cohen’s Global Diaspora: An Introduction (1997: 180) by taking the legendary Laxmi Das Kasaju, who left Nepal (feature a) to save his life after the rise of Jangabahadur Rana in 1846. -
Language Politics and State Policy in Nepal: a Newar Perspective
Language Politics and State Policy in Nepal: A Newar Perspective A Dissertation Submitted to the University of Tsukuba In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in International Public Policy Suwarn VAJRACHARYA 2014 To my mother, who taught me the value in a mother tongue and my father, who shared the virtue of empathy. ii Map-1: Original Nepal (Constituted of 12 districts) and Present Nepal iii Map-2: Nepal Mandala (Original Nepal demarcated by Mandalas) iv Map-3: Gorkha Nepal Expansion (1795-1816) v Map-4: Present Nepal by Ecological Zones (Mountain, Hill and Tarai zones) vi Map-5: Nepal by Language Families vii TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents viii List of Maps and Tables xiv Acknowledgements xv Acronyms and Abbreviations xix INTRODUCTION Research Objectives 1 Research Background 2 Research Questions 5 Research Methodology 5 Significance of the Study 6 Organization of Study 7 PART I NATIONALISM AND LANGUAGE POLITICS: VICTIMS OF HISTORY 10 CHAPTER ONE NEPAL: A REFLECTION OF UNITY IN DIVERSITY 1.1. Topography: A Unique Variety 11 1.2. Cultural Pluralism 13 1.3. Religiousness of People and the State 16 1.4. Linguistic Reality, ‘Official’ and ‘National’ Languages 17 CHAPTER TWO THE NEWAR: AN ACCOUNT OF AUTHORS & VICTIMS OF THEIR HISTORY 2.1. The Newar as Authors of their history 24 2.1.1. Definition of Nepal and Newar 25 2.1.2. Nepal Mandala and Nepal 27 Territory of Nepal Mandala 28 viii 2.1.3. The Newar as a Nation: Conglomeration of Diverse People 29 2.1.4. -
SANA GUTHI and the NEWARS: Impacts Of
SANA GUTHI AND THE NEWARS: Impacts of Modernization on Traditional Social Organizations Niraj Dangol Thesis Submitted for the Degree: Master of Philosophy in Indigenous Studies Faculty of Humanities, Social Sciences and Education University of Tromsø Norway Autumn 2010 SANA GUTHI AND THE NEWARS: Impacts of Modernization on Traditional Social Organizations By Niraj Dangol Thesis Submitted for the Degree: Master of Philosophy in Indigenous Studies Faculty of Social Science, University of Tromsø Norway Autumn 2010 Supervised By Associate Professor Bjørn Bjerkli i DEDICATED TO ALL THE NEWARS “Newa: Jhi Newa: he Jui” We Newars, will always be Newars ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I regard myself fortunate for getting an opportunity to involve myself as a student of University of Tromsø. Special Thanks goes to the Sami Center for introducing the MIS program which enables the students to gain knowledge on the issues of Indigeneity and the Indigenous Peoples. I would like to express my grateful appreciation to my Supervisor, Associate Prof. Bjørn Bjerkli , for his valuable supervision and advisory role during the study. His remarkable comments and recommendations proved to be supportive for the improvisation of this study. I shall be thankful to my Father, Mr. Jitlal Dangol , for his continuous support and help throughout my thesis period. He was the one who, despite of his busy schedules, collected the supplementary materials in Kathmandu while I was writing this thesis in Tromsø. I shall be thankful to my entire family, my mother and my sisters as well, for their continuous moral support. Additionally, I thank my fiancé, Neeta Maharjan , who spent hours on internet for making valuable comments on the texts and all the suggestions and corrections on the chapters. -
Locating Nepalese Mobility: a Historical Reappraisal with Reference to North East India, Burma and Tibet Gaurab KC* & Pranab Kharel**
Volume 6 Issue 2 November 2018 Kathmandu School of Law Review Locating Nepalese Mobility: A Historical Reappraisal with Reference to North East India, Burma and Tibet Gaurab KC* & Pranab Kharel** Abstract Most literature published on migration in Nepal makes the point of reference from 19th century by stressing the Lahure culture—confining the trend’s history centering itself on the 200 years of Nepali men serving in British imperial army. However, the larger story of those non-military and non-janajati (ethnic) Nepali pilgrimages, pastoralists, cultivators and tradesmen who domiciled themselves in Burma, North East India and Tibet has not been well documented in the mobility studies and is least entertained in the popular imagination. Therefore, this paper attempts to catalog this often neglected outmigration trajectory of Nepalis. Migrants venturing into Burma and North East India consist of an inclusive nature as the imperial army saw the overwhelming presence of hill janajatis in their ranks whereas Brahmins (popularly known as Bahuns) and Chettris were largely self-employed in dairy farming and animal husbandry. In tracing out the mobility of Nepalis to North East, Burma and Tibet it can be argued that the migrating population took various forms such as wanderers (later they became settlers), mercantilist, laborers, mercenary soldiers, and those settlers finally forced to become returnees. In this connection, documenting lived experiences of the living members or their ancestors is of paramount importance before the memory crosses the Rubicon. Introduction: In the contemporary Nepali landscape, the issue of migration has raised new interests for multiple actors like academicians, administrators, activists, development organizations, planners, policymakers, and students. -
Hajurba Ra Hajurma/ the Forgotten Haja/ People of Khumbu September 2016 178
SEPTEMBER 2016/ Rs. 130 www.ecs.com.np ISSN 1729- 2751 HAJURBA RA pg. 36 HAJURMA Hajurba ra Hajurma/ Listening to your Hajurba and Hajurma’s stories can be both enthralling and fulfilling, transporting you back to their nostalgic memories. The Forgotten Haja/ People of Khumbu SEPTEMBER 2016 TO SUBSCRIBE CALL/SMS@9851047233 (PRAHLAD RANA BHAT) 178 SUBSCRIBER COPY saturday BB R BU N QC H w w w . g o k a r n a . c o m LET’S GET TOGETHER FOR NO SPECIAL REASON, JUST TO CELEBRATE GOOD FOOD, GOOD FRIENDS, AND THE BBQ SEASON. THE LEBANESE SHAWARMA, LEGEND OF HYDERABADI BIRYANI, MONGOLIAN OR JAPANESE TEPPANYAKI, TIBETAN MOMOS, ITALIAN PASTA OR NEPALESE THUKPA, EXOTIC SALAD BAR ACCOMPANIED WITH DESSERT COUNTER, GAMES, RAFFLE DRAW, ENTERTAIN- MENT, LIVE BAND AND MANY MORE… DATE: EVERY SATURDAY RS. 3500/- NETT FOR ADULT WITH TIME: 12:00 NOON TO 3:00 PM RS. 3000/- NETT FOR CHILDREN SWIMMING RS. 2500/- NETT FOR ADULT WITHOUT RS. 2000/- NETT FOR CHILDREN SWIMMING The above rates includes a Bottle of Carlsberg Beer/Bottle of Somersby Apple Cider/Glass of Jacobs Creek White wine or Red Prior reservation required,for Booking contact Wine/Glass of Soft drink or Juice Child Policy: Child considered of height below 1 meter. 4451212 TODDLERS FREE OF CHARGE. REG. NO: 113/059/60, KATHMANDU Editorial SEPTEMBER 2016 l Issue 178 ECS MEDIA PVT. LTD. Managing Editor: SUNIL SHRESTHA Sr. Manager, Editorial & Marketing: SUDEEP SHAKYA Legal Advisor: HIRA REGMI Contributing Editor: DON MESSERSCHMIDT Consulting Editor: DINESH RAI Editorial Advisor: ALOK SIDDHI TULADHAR Copy Editor: AMAR B. -
On a Recently Published Dictionary of Classical Newari Dictionary of Classical Newari Compiled from Manuscript Sources
Indo-Iran J (2006) 49: 151–161 DOI 10.1007/s10783-007-9014-5 REVIEW ARTICLE On a recently published Dictionary of Classical Newari Dictionary of classical Newari compiled from manuscript sources. Nepal Bhasa Dictionary Committee. CwasaP¯ as¯ a.¯ Kathmandu: Modern Printing Press, Jamal 2000, pp. XXXV, 530. ISBN: 99933-316-0-0 Siegfried Lienhard © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2007 This ambitious work, begun in the eighties, represents the most comprehensive dictionary of Newari hitherto published1 and thus fills a long-felt lacuna. Being solely devoted to the classical form of Newari (like Jørgensen’s Dictionary), it will undoubtedly render prominent service to Newari studies as well as research into Tibeto-Burmese languages and literatures. The project was realized by a relatively large group of members serving on the Dictionary-Committee and Sub-Committees, whereas the Editorial Board consisted of a rather small team of scholars. Pages XXXIV and XXXV inform the reader of the composition of these bodies in the years 1980, 1984 and 1990. The last page of the book wrapper, however, mentions as editors of the Dictionary Ian Alsop, Gurushekhar Rajopadhyaya, Kashinath Tamot, Saraswati Tuladhar and Omi Sharma but not Kamal Prakash Malla, who has served as Chairman since January 1980, as Coordinator since February 1990 and as Chief Editor of the Dictionary since 1996. Minor inaccuracies can also be met with in the precursory remarks which com- prehend a Preface (I–VI), an Introduction (VII–XVIII) as well as A Reader’s Guide (XIX–XXI), followed by a few sections dealing with the Principal Parts of <the> Classical Newari Verb and Their Inflectional Suffixes (XXII f.), which is a some- what enlarged and rearranged reprint of pp. -
Parcel-Based Geo-Information System: Concepts and Guidelines
Parcel-based Geo-Information System: Concepts and Guidelines Arbind Man Tuladhar Parcel-based Geo-Information System: Concepts and Guidelines Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Technische Universiteit Delft, op gezag van de Rector Magnificus prof. dr.ir. J.T. Fokkema, voorzitter van het College voor Promoties, in het openbaar te verdedigen op maandag 11 oktober 2004 om 10.30 uur door Arbind Man TULADHAR, Master of Science in Photogrammetry, International Institute for Aerospace Surveys and Earth Sciences (ITC), Enschede geboren te Kathmandu, Nepal Dit proefschrift is goedgekeurd door de promoteren: Prof.dr.ir. M.J.M. Bogaerts Prof.ir. P. van der Molen Samenstelling promotiecommissie: Rector Magnificus, voozitter Prof.dr.ir. M.J.M. Bogaerts, Technische Universiteit Delft Prof.ir. P. van der Molen, Kadaster en ITC Prof.dr.ir. P.J.M. van Oosterom, Technische Universiteit Delft Prof.dr. I. Masser, ITC en Universiteit Utrecht Prof.mr.ir. J.L.G. Henssen, ITC Dr. M. Radwan, ITC Mr.dr.ir. J.A. Zevenbergen, Technische Universiteit Delft Published and distributed by: ITC Printing Department, Enschede ITC Dissertation Series No. 115 CIP- Data Koninklijke Bibliotheek, Den Haag ISBN: 90 6164 224 8 © 2004 by A. M. Tuladhar All rights reserved. No part of the material protected by the copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any other form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the publisher. Printed in the Netherlands Preface Topics on building and operating geo-information systems in an organisation environment have attracted me since the beginning of the 1970s. -
The Iconography of Nepalese Buddhism
TheThe IconographyIconography ofof NepaleseNepalese BuddhismBuddhism by Min Bahadur Shakya HAN DD ET U 'S B B O RY eOK LIBRA E-mail: [email protected] Web site: www.buddhanet.net Buddha Dharma Education Association Inc. P H A N I C- ZDH / T A P P H A N / M, T P. O. B N: , K, N e of Nepalese Buddhism M B S v A A Min Bahadur Shakya is a scholar of Newar and Tibetan Buddhism. Among his major publications are hort istory of uddhism in epal, . ntroduction to uddhist onasteries of athmandu alley, . He was elected Vice President of World Fellowship of Buddhist Youth WFBY for the years –. His major re- search work on ife and ontribution of epalese rincess hrikuti evi is shortly forthcoming. Mr. Shakya was nomi- nated by Venerable Master Hsing Yun, Fokuang Shan, Taiwan as Research Associate in Fokuang Shan Chinese Buddhist Research Academy for the years –. In , he was granted a SAARC Fellowship (Buddhist Studies) by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, impu, Bhutan. Currently he is working as the Chief Editor of uddhist ima- laya, a bi-annual journal dealing with Buddhism in the Hima- layan regions. He has also contributed more a dozen research papers in reputed foreign journals. Since , he is teaching in Engineering Institute, Pulchowk Campus, Lalitpur. Presently he is the Director, Nagarjuna Institute of Exact Methods. F Under the definition of andicrafts there are multiple products. Of them the statues of gods and goddesses of Buddhism and Hinduism stand foremost.eir importance is enhanced not only because of the fact that they are hand made but also that they are made by using meticulously time-consuming traditional tech- v niques: Lost Wax Process, Chiselling, antique finishing and so on. -
Genetic Insights Into the Origins of Tibeto-Burman Populations in the Himalayas
Journal of Human Genetics (2009) 54, 216–223 & 2009 The Japan Society of Human Genetics All rights reserved 1434-5161/09 $32.00 www.nature.com/jhg ORIGINAL ARTICLE Genetic insights into the origins of Tibeto-Burman populations in the Himalayas Tenzin Gayden1,2, Sheyla Mirabal1,2, Alicia M Cadenas1,2, Harlette Lacau1,2, Tanya M Simms1,2, Diana Morlote1,2, Shilpa Chennakrishnaiah3 and Rene J Herrera1,2 The Himalayan mountain range has played a dual role in shaping the genetic landscape of the region by (1) delineating east–west migrations including the Silk Road and (2) restricting human dispersals, especially from the Indian subcontinent into the Tibetan plateau. In this study, 15 hypervariable autosomal STR loci were employed to evaluate the genetic relationships of three populations from Nepal (Kathmandu, Newar and Tamang) and a general collection from Tibet. These Himalayan groups were compared to geographically targeted worldwide populations as well as Tibeto-Burman (TB) speaking groups from Northeast India. Our results suggest a Northeast Asian origin for the Himalayan populations with subsequent gene flow from South Asia into the Kathmandu valley and the Newar population, corroborating a previous Y-chromosome study. In contrast, Tamang and Tibet exhibit limited genetic contributions from South Asia, possibly due to the orographic obstacle presented by the Himalayan massif. The TB groups from Northeast India are genetically distinct compared to their counterparts from the Himalayas probably resulting from prolonged isolation and/or -
Contributions to the Study of Popular Buddhism: the Newar Buddhist Festival of Gumla Dharma 309
J ournal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies Volume 16 • Number 2 • Winter 1993 JAMES HEVIA Lamas, Emperors, and RituaIs:Political Implications in Qing Imperial Ceremonies 243 LEONARD W. J. VAN DER KUIJP Two Mongol Xylographs (Hor Par Ma) of the Tibetan Text of Sa Skya Pandita's Work on Buddhist Logic and Epistemology * ' 279 PER KVAERNE Recent French Contributions to Himalayan and Tibetan Studies 299 TODD T. LEWIS Contributions to the Study of Popular Buddhism: The Newar Buddhist Festival of Gumla Dharma 309 JOHN C. HUNTINGTON A Re-examination of a Kaniska Period Tetradrachm Coin Type with an Image of Metrago/Maitreya on the Reverse (Gobi 793.1) and a Brief Notice on the Impor tance of the Inscription Relative to Bactro-Gandharan Buddhist Iconography of the Period 355 RODERICK S. BUCKNELL Reinterpreting the Jhdnas 375 TODD T. LEWIS Contributions to the Study of Popular Buddhism: The Newar Buddhist Festival of Gumla Dharma Buddhist monasticism arose to provide refuge and support for renun- ciates seeking enlightenment, but the tradition survived by building multifaceted relationships with lay patron communities that provided for the monks' subsistence. Solidifying the loyalty of a cross-section of society's economic classes, Buddhism evolved to espouse the basic foundations of spiritually-centered civilization. Centered on high moral standards and attuned to daily life, local Buddhist traditions en compassed a broad range of intellectual discourse and ritual perfor mances. Over the first millennium, the samgha's role developed as monks taught a variety of audiences, provided ritual assistance, and participated in a yearly festival agenda, adapting to myriad local tradi tions in the process.1 The author would like to thank the family of Karkot Man Tuladhar, Subarna Tuladhar, and Sanu Bajracarya for the always generous assistance they showed to me while I researched Buddhism in their community.