The Journey of Nepal Bhasa from Decline to Revitalization — Resha Maharjan Master of Philosophy in Indigenous Studies May 2018
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From Being 'Untouchable' to Being 'Dalit'
From being ‘Untouchable’ to being ‘Dalit’ A Minority’s Boundary Shifting Strategy in Nepal Anne Duklau 3467015 Utrecht University 4 August 2014 A thesis submitted to The Board of Examiners in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Arts in Conflict Studies & Human Rights Supervisor: Jolle Demmers Submitted: 4 August 2014 Programme Trajectory: Compulsory Courses Term 1 & 2 (30 ECTS) Internship (15 ECTS) Research & Thesis Writing (15 ECTS) Word Count: 16 659 “I always say: We are all Dalits in Nepal, because discrimination between non-Dalit groups exists, as well.” - Suman Poudel1 Picture on the front page: A Dalit student participating in a rally for the elimination of cast-based discrimination and untouchability, organised by the Dalit civil society, on occasion of 21st March 2014, the International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination. The picture was taken by the author. 1 Author’s interview with Suman Poudel, Executive Director of DNF, on 27 May 2014 Dedicated to the people of Nepal: That they may free themselves from the tight grip untouchability has on their lives. Acknowledgments First of all, I would like to express my gratitude to all the interviewees that gave me their precious time and shared their views and ideas with me. Without the support of these persons, this thesis would not have been possible. Further, I cannot express the indebtedness I feel in regard to my dear colleagues at DNF. Many thanks to Suman, who had the patience for a second interview after I lost the recording of the original one and who assisted me in all phases of realising this thesis. -
Influence of Modernization in Funeral Guthi (A Socio-Religious Association) ― Case of Gubhaju and Bare Castes of Kathmandu City ―
Influence of Modernization in Funeral Guthi (A Socio-religious Association) ― Case of Gubhaju and Bare Castes of Kathmandu City ― Arija VAIDYA Graduate Student Hiroshima University Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation 1-5-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8529 Japan Journal of International Development and Cooperation, Vol.21, 2015, pp. 1-7 IDEC (Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation) Hiroshima University JAPAN 『国際協力研究誌』 広島大学大学院国際協力研究科 2015年3月 【Article】 1 Influence of Modernization in Funeral Guthi (A Socio-religious Association) ― Case of Gubhaju and Bare Castes of Kathmandu City ― Arija VAIDYA Graduate Student Hiroshima University Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation 1-5-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8529 Japan 1. Introduction This paper aims to explore the influence of modernization in Newar society in general and funeral ceremony of Newars in particular. The funeral ceremony is conducted through guthi (a socio-religious association), which is in the process of transformation due to social change in Newar society. This paper also attempts to show that in the process of transformation how funeral guthi is trying to secure their traditional beliefs and values. Additionally, it aims to study how people are changing their attitude towards traditional funeral guthi system due to dynamic social development in Kathmandu city of Kathmandu valley. Doing so, this paper picks up Gubhaju1 and Bare2 castes of two settlements of Kathmandu city i.e., Om bahah and Lagan as a case study in order to understand how people who were excluded from their former funeral guthi for conducting inter-caste marriage formed a new funeral guthi, which was not possible in Newar society many years ago. -
Logistics Capacity Assessment Nepal
IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Logistics Capacity Assessment Nepal Country Name Nepal Official Name Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal Regional Bureau Bangkok, Thailand Assessment Assessment Date: From 16 October 2009 To: 6 November 2009 Name of the assessors Rich Moseanko – World Vision International John Jung – World Vision International Rajendra Kumar Lal – World Food Programme, Nepal Country Office Title/position Email contact At HQ: [email protected] 1/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Country Profile....................................................................................................................................................................3 1.1. Introduction / Background.........................................................................................................................................5 1.2. Humanitarian Background ........................................................................................................................................6 1.3. National Regulatory Departments/Bureau and Quality Control/Relevant Laboratories ......................................16 1.4. Customs Information...............................................................................................................................................18 2. Logistics Infrastructure .....................................................................................................................................................33 2.1. Port Assessment .....................................................................................................................................................33 -
Nepal Side, We Must Mention Prof
The Journal of Newar Studies Swayambhv, Ifliihichaitya Number - 2 NS 1119 (TheJournal Of Newar Studies) NUmkL2 U19fi99&99 It has ken a great pleasure bringing out the second issue of EdltLlo the journal d Newar Studies lijiiiina'. We would like to thank Daya R Sha a Gauriehankar Marw&~r Ph.D all the members an bers for their encouraging comments and financial support. ivc csp~iilly:-l*-. urank Prof. Uma Shrestha, Western Prof.- Todd ttwria Oregon Univers~ty,who gave life to this journd while it was still in its embryonic stage. From the Nepal side, we must mention Prof. Tej Shta Sudip Sbakya Ratna Kanskar, Mr. Ram Shakya and Mr. Labha Ram Tuladhar who helped us in so many ways. Due to our wish to publish the first issue of the journal on the Sd Fl~ternatioaalNepal Rh&a levi occasion of New Nepal Samht Year day {Mhapujii), we mhed at the (INBSS) Pdand. Orcgon USA last minute and spent less time in careful editing. Our computer Nepfh %P Puch3h Amaica Orcgon Branch software caused us muble in converting the files fm various subrmttd formats into a unified format. We learn while we work. Constructive are welcome we try Daya R Shakya comments and will to incorporate - suggestions as much as we can. Atedew We have received an enormous st mount of comments, Uma Shrcdha P$.D.Gaurisbankar Manandhar PIID .-m -C-.. Lhwakar Mabajan, Jagadish B Mathema suggestions, appreciations and so forth, (pia IcleI to page 94) Puma Babndur Ranjht including some ~riousconcern abut whether or not this journal Rt&ld Rqmmtatieca should include languages other than English. -
Some Notes on Nepali Castes and Sub-Castes—Jat and Thar
SOME NOTES ON NEPALI CASTES AND SUB-CASTES- JAT AND THAR. - Suresh Singh This paper attempts to make a re-presentation of evolution and construction of Jat and Thar system among the Parbatya or hill people of Nepal. It seeks to expose the reality behind the myth that the large number of Aryans migrated from Indian plains due to Muslim invasion and conquered to become the rulers in Nepal, and the Mongoloids were the indigenous people. It also seeks to show the construction and reconstruction of identity of the different castes (Jats) and subcastes (Thars). The Nepalese history is lost in legends and fables. Archaeological data, which might shed light on the early years, are practically nonexistent or largely unexplored, because the Nepalese Government has not encouraged such research within its borders. However, there seem to be a number of sites that might yield valuable find, once proper excavation take place. Another problem seems to be that history writing is closely connected with the traditional conception of Nepali historiography, constructed and intervened by the efforts of the ruling elite. Many of the written documents have been re-presented to legitimatize the ruling elite’s claim to power. As it is well known from political history, the social history, too, becomes an interpretation from the view of the Kathmandu valley, and from the Indian or alleged Indian immigrants and priestly class. It is difficult to imagine, that Aryans came to Nepal in greater numbers about 600 years ago, and because of their mental superiority and their noble character, they were asked by the people to become the rulers of their small states. -
Body As Theatre in Bode Jatra
Body as Theatre in Bode Jatra A Dissertation Presented to the Central Department of English, Tribhuvan University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Philosophy By Hukum Thapa Central Department of English Tribhuvan University January, 2010 DISSERTATION APPROVAL We hereby recommend that the dissertation entitled “ Body as Theatre in Bode Jatra ” by Hukum Thapa be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Master of Philosophy in English degree. ---------------------------------------------------- Supervisor ---------------------------------------------------- External Examiner Date: ---------------------------- Table of Contents Pages Dissertation Approval Acknowledgements Abstracts Chapter 1. Body and Ritual 1 2. Locating body in Newari Cultural Performance 24 3. Body as Theatre in Bode Jatra 38 4. Conclusion 62 5. Works Cited 6. Appendix I: Questionnaires Acknowledgements This dissertation owes much to the encouragement and shared knowledge offered by my advisor Prof.Dr.Abhi Subedi and my colleague cum teacher Dr.Shiv Rijal.Their brainwaves inspired me to delve into the performance study and to engross in the research of pioneering field of relation between body –theatre and theatre-ritual. Their association with the theatre for a long time whipped up support to lay bare snooping in the theatricality. I am grateful to Sajib Shrestha, Juju Bhai Bas Shrestha and Dil Krishna Prajapati of Bode for communicating copious facets of Bode Jatra , whose descriptions on Bode Jatra lent me a hand to bring it in such a silhouette. I would also like to thank the locals of Bode for their hold up to amass the information and cross the threshold of their cultural heritage that grew to be a foundation to put the last touches on my mission. -
Lumbini Buddhist University
Lumbini Buddhist University Course of Study M.A. in Theravada Buddhism Lumbini Buddhist University Office of the Dean Senepa, Kathmandu Nepal History of Buddhism M.A. Theravada Buddhism First Year Paper I-A Full Mark: 50 MATB 501 Teaching Hours: 75 Unit I : Introductory Background 15 1. Sources of History of Buddhism 2 Introduction of Janapada and Mahajanapadas of 5th century BC 3. Buddhism as religion and philosophy Unit II : Origin and Development of Buddhism 15 1. Life of Buddha from birth to Mahaparinirvan 2. Buddhist Councils 3. Introduction to Eighteen Nikayas 4. Rise of Mahayana and Vajrayana Buddhism Unit III: Expansion of Buddhism in Asia 15 1. Expansion of Buddhism in South: a. Sri Lanka b. Myanmar c. Thailand d. Laos, e. Cambodia 2. Expansion of Buddhism in North a. China, b. Japan, c. Korea, d. Mongolia e. Tibet, Unit IV: Buddhist Learning Centres 15 1. Vihars as seat of Education Learning Centres (Early Vihar establishments) 2. Development of Learning Centres: 1 a. Taxila Nalanda, b. Vikramashila, c. Odantapuri, d. Jagadalla, e. Vallabi, etc. 3. Fall of Ancient Buddhist Learning Centre Unit IV: Revival of Buddhism in India in modern times 15 1 Social-Religious Movement during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. 2. Movement of the Untouchables in the twentieth century. 3. Revival of Buddhism in India with special reference to Angarika Dhaminapala, B.R. Ambedkar. Suggested Readings 1. Conze, Edward, A Short History of Buddhism, London: George Allen and Unwin, 1980. 2. Dhammika, Ven. S., The Edicts of King Ashoka, Kandy: Buddhist Publication Society, 1994. 3. Dharmananda, K. -
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OUP UNCORRECTED PROOF – FIRSTPROOFS, Mon Dec 07 2015, NEWGEN 3 Vajrayāna Traditions in Nepal Todd Lewis and Naresh Man Bajracarya Introduction The existence of tantric traditions in the Kathmandu Valley dates back at least a thousand years and has been integral to the Hindu– Buddhist civi- lization of the Newars, its indigenous people, until the present day. This chapter introduces what is known about the history of the tantric Buddhist tradition there, then presents an analysis of its development in the pre- modern era during the Malla period (1200–1768 ce), and then charts changes under Shah rule (1769–2007). We then sketch Newar Vajrayāna Buddhism’s current characteristics, its leading tantric masters,1 and efforts in recent decades to revitalize it among Newar practitioners. This portrait,2 especially its history of Newar Buddhism, cannot yet be more than tentative in many places, since scholarship has not even adequately documented the textual and epigraphic sources, much less analyzed them systematically.3 The epigraphic record includes over a thousand inscrip- tions, the earliest dating back to 464 ce, tens of thousands of manuscripts, the earliest dating back to 998 ce, as well as the myriad cultural traditions related to them, from art and architecture, to music and ritual. The religious traditions still practiced by the Newars of the Kathmandu Valley represent a unique, continuing survival of Indic religions, including Mahāyāna- Vajrayāna forms of Buddhism (Lienhard 1984; Gellner 1992). Rivaling in historical importance the Sanskrit texts in Nepal’s libraries that informed the Western “discovery” of Buddhism in the nineteenth century (Hodgson 1868; Levi 1905– 1908; Locke 1980, 1985), Newar Vajrayāna acprof-9780199763689.indd 872C28B.1F1 Master Template has been finalized on 19- 02- 2015 12/7/2015 6:28:54 PM OUP UNCORRECTED PROOF – FIRSTPROOFS, Mon Dec 07 2015, NEWGEN 88 TanTric TradiTions in Transmission and TranslaTion tradition in the Kathmandu Valley preserves a rich legacy of vernacular texts, rituals, and institutions. -
Ritual Period: a Comparative Study of Three Newar Buddhist Menarche Manuals Christoph Emmricha a University of Toronto, Canada Published Online: 27 Mar 2014
This article was downloaded by: [Christoph Emmrich] On: 14 April 2014, At: 13:57 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/csas20 Ritual Period: A Comparative Study of Three Newar Buddhist Menarche Manuals Christoph Emmricha a University of Toronto, Canada Published online: 27 Mar 2014. To cite this article: Christoph Emmrich (2014) Ritual Period: A Comparative Study of Three Newar Buddhist Menarche Manuals, South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies, 37:1, 80-103, DOI: 10.1080/00856401.2014.873109 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00856401.2014.873109 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, and are not the views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis. The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of the Content. -
NRNA Nepal Promotion Committee Overview
NRNA Nepal Promotion Committee Overview Nepal is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is located mainly in the Himalayas but also includes parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. With an estimated population of 29.4 million, it is 48th largest country by population and 93rd largest country by area.[2][14] It borders China in the north and India in the south, east, and west. Nepal has a diverse geography, including fertile plains, subalpine forested hills, and eight of the world's ten tallest mountains, including Mount Everest, the highest point on Earth. Kathmandu is the nation's capital and largest city. The name "Nepal" is first recorded in texts from the Vedic Age, the era in which Hinduism was founded, the predominant religion of the country. In the middle of the first millennium BCE, Gautama Buddha, the founder of Buddhism, was born in southern Nepal. Parts of northern Nepal were intertwined with the culture of Tibet. The centrally located Kathmandu Valley was the seat of the prosperous Newar confederacy known as Nepal Mandala. The Himalayan branch of the ancient Silk Road was dominated by the valley's traders. The cosmopolitan region developed distinct traditional art and architecture. By the 18th century, the Gorkha Kingdom achieved the unification of Nepal. The Shah dynasty established the Kingdom of Nepal and later formed an alliance with the British Empire, under its Rana dynasty of premiers. The country was never colonised but served as a buffer state between Imperial China and colonial India. Parliamentary democracy was introduced in 1951, but was twice suspended by Nepalese monarchs, in 1960 and 2005. -
The Intangible Cultural Heritage of Gokarneshwor
THE INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE OF GOKARNESHWOR A Thesis Submitted To Central Department of Nepalese History, Culture and Archaeology (NeHCA), Tribhuwan University In the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master in Art (MA) Submitted By: Nittam Subedi TU Registration No: 7-2-357-17-2009 Kirtipur, Kathmandu 2016 i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The thesis on “The Intangible Cultural Heritage of Gokarneshwor” is written for the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in Nepalese History Culture and Archaeology under the Department of Culture, Tribhuvan University. I hereby like to thank to my respected teachers and all those individual as well as institution for their help and support in whatever capacity possible. First of all, I would like to pay my special thanks to Professor Ms. Sabitree Mainali- the Head of Department of NeHCA, Central Department of Tribhuvan University for providing Professor Mr. Madan Rimal, as my thesis guide, who have help me to complete my thesis on time without any hassles. Meantime, I am also grateful to Professor Dr. Ms. Beena Ghimire (Poudel) for her infinite support to complete my thesis. I am also thankful to all my teachers and administration who help me to gather important information related to my thesis topic. I would like to express my indebtedness to my father Mr. Dhurba Bdr. Subedi who have introduce me the respectable person at Gokarneshwor. Also, I express my due respect to Mr. Keshab Bhatta- priest of Gokarneshwor temple; Mr. Nabaraj Poudel- member of Kal Mochan Guthi; Narayan Kaji Shrestha and Sanu Kaji Shrestha-members of Kanti Bhairav Guthi. -
Socio-Economic Status of Dalits Community in Sindhuli District
Patan Pragya (Volume: 5 Number: 1 Sept. 2019) Received Date: July 2019 Revised: Augest 2019 Accepted: Sept. 2019 Socio-Economic Status of Dalits Community in Sindhuli District Neupane, Bed Prasad17* Abstract This study is based on Kamalamai Municipality, Sindhuli District. There are 56 households of Dalit (Damai 29 and Kami 27) in this area. The census method was used in the study where, total population is 365 from 56 households. Among them, 172 were male and 193 were female. The general objectives of this study are to identify demographic and socio-economic status of Dalits and to find out causes of deprivation of Dalits people in the community. They worked as agricultural labour and service work. Their income is less than their expenditure. Most of them are uneducated but nowadays, the level of education has increased so that their children go to school and college. Only 39 percent were literate and only 7 percentDalits have passed SLC and +2. They give priority on arrange marriage. Youth generation doesn't like the traditional occupation and skills. They use a lot of alcohol (Jaad and Raski) in the festivals and rituals ceremony howeverthe economic condition of Dalit is poor so many children of them are forced to dropout from schools because their parents cannot afford their education fees. The social status of the females in the Dalit community is very low than the males in the society. After the father's death all the properties is transferred to the son. The main causes for degrading status of Dalits are due to poverty, lack of education and lack of social awareness.