IA LCA – 2009 Version 1.05

Logistics Capacity Assessment

Nepal

Country Name Nepal Official Name Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal Regional Bureau ,

Assessment Assessment Date: From 16 October 2009 To: 6 November 2009 Name of the assessors Rich Moseanko – World Vision International John Jung – World Vision International Rajendra Kumar Lal – World Food Programme, Nepal Country Office Title/position Email contact At HQ: [email protected]

1/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Country Profile...... 3 1.1. Introduction / Background...... 5 1.2. Humanitarian Background ...... 6 1.3. National Regulatory Departments/Bureau and Quality Control/Relevant Laboratories ...... 16 1.4. Customs Information...... 18 2. Logistics Infrastructure ...... 33 2.1. Port Assessment ...... 33 2.2. Airport Assessment ...... 46 2.3. Road Assessment ...... 59 2.4. Railway Assessment ...... 66 2.5. Waterways Assessment...... 70 2.6. Storage Facilities Assessment ...... 70 2.7. Milling Capacity Assessment...... 72 3. Logistics Related Services...... 79 3.1. Fuel ...... 79 3.2. Transporters ...... 82 3.3. Vehicle Rental ...... 85 3.4. Taxi Companies ...... 86 3.5. Freight Forwarding Agents ...... 86 3.6. Handling Equipment...... 87 3.7. Electricity / Power...... 87 3.8. Manual Labour Rates...... 90 3.9. Telecommunications ...... 90 3.10. Food Sources ...... 94 3.11. Accommodation...... 96 4. Scenarios and Contingencies...... 97 4.1. Refugees and IDPs ...... 97 4.2. Food Security ...... 97 4.3. Natural Disasters...... 98 4.4. Other ...... 99 5. Annexes ...... 101 Annex 1: List of Contacts ...... 101 Annex 2: Relevant Websites applicable to this LCA...... 102 Annex 3: Maps ...... 104 Annex 4: Miscellaneous...... 104

2/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 1. Country Profile

Geography and Climate Nepal, home to , is dominated by the world's most imposing mountains with 80 percent of its territory occupied by the . Nepal can be divided into three geographical regions, each stretching from east to west across the country. The southernmost strip of land, the , is known as the “bread basket” of Nepal, with its tropical vegetation and highly fertile farmlands. The central region of Nepal is formed by the Mahabharat Chain, a range of mountains that reach modest altitudes of 2,000-3,000 meters. Farming has become an important activity in this region where terraced farms produce rice, corn and wheat. The Valley, a stretch of green in the middle of the Mahabharat, is home to Nepal's capital and other historic cities. The Himalayas stretch across the northern section of Nepal. Eight of the ten highest peaks in the world are located here and most are covered with permanent snowfields. The area is sparsely populated with little vegetation above the treeline (4,200 meters).

History References to Nepal can be found in famous Hindu epics such as the , Puranas and also Buddhist and Jain scriptures and establish the country's antiquity as an independent political and territorial entity. The three important dynasties in Nepal were the Dynasty, the and the Dynasty. The three historically important cities are , Kathmandu and Patan.

The five city-states of the , in which the culture of the Malla Kings flourished from the 14th to the 17th centuries, were conquered by the ruler of the central hill state of Gorkha in the mid 18th-century. is looked upon as founder of the nation. Further expansion by the in the early 19th-century brought them into conflict with British . Following the Anglo-Nepal war of 1816, the Treaty of was signed. The first British Resident was posted to Kathmandu in 1816, with the British remaining the only foreign diplomatic presence in the capital for well over a century. In 1846 the was deprived of executive rule by Jung Bahadur who established a line of hereditary Prime Ministers. These Prime Ministers ruled until 1951 when King Tribhuvan, in a 'Palace revolution,' re- established the Shahs as rulers of the country with a cabinet of Ministers drawn from the Party. In 1960 King Mahendra assumed direct rule and drew up a new Constitution based on the 'partyless' (5 man village council) system.

In early 1990, during King Birendra's reign and following widespread agitation for a multi-party democracy, Nepal experienced a virtually bloodless 'revolution. A new Constitution was promulgated in November of that year which retained the constitutional Monarchy as Head of State but introduced a full parliamentary system of government. The Nepali Congress party formed a government that ruled from 1991-94. From 1994-1999 there were five successive coalition governments.

It was against this unstable political background that, in February 1996 the leaders of the Maoist United People's Front began a violent insurgency waged through killings, torture, bombings, kidnappings, extortion and intimidation against civilians, police and public officials in more than 50 of the country's 75 districts. Over 13,000 police, civilians and insurgents were killed in the conflict and around 1,500 people 'disappeared'.

The former monarch, King Gyanendra, came to the throne in June 2001 following the murder of King Birendra by his son, then Crown Prince Dipendra, who subsequently shot and killed himself. After was appointed Prime Minister on 22 July 2001 he announced a unilateral ceasefire against the Maoists, which they reciprocated immediately. The Maoists broke the ceasefire in November 2001, in response to which Prime Minister Deuba declared a State of Emergency. The conflict intensified over the following year and drew in the full participation of the Royal Nepal Army (RNA).

On 4 October 2002 King Gyanendra, citing fears over the handling of the insurgency, announced that he had requested Deuba's resignation and that he would be appointing a transitional government of his own choosing. On 29 January 2003 a cease-fire was once again agreed between the Maoists and the transitional government but peace talks failed and the Maoists unilaterally ended the cease-fire on 27 August 2003. On 1 February 2005 the King deposed the Government for failing in its mandate to hold elections by April, and took power directly himself. The takeover was met with widespread international criticism from India, the US, the EU and the UK. On 14 April the King announced his intention to restore democracy by holding municipal elections in February 2006 followed by national elections by April 2007.

In September 2005 the Maoists announced a three-month unilateral ceasefire and then in November 2005 the Maoists and seven of the political parties (the ) announced a 12-point understanding aimed at ending the King's autocratic rule and restoring the country to a democracy. Following weeks of nation-wide civil unrest in April 2006, the King handed power to the political parties and reinstated Parliament. G P Koirala was sworn in as Prime Minister on 30 April 2006 and proposals to hold elections for a Constitutional Assembly and peace talks with the Maoists were passed.

Recent Political Developments On 26 May 2006 the Government and Maoist rebels began peace talks, the first in nearly three years, which culminated in the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in November 2006. Under the terms of the agreement, the and Maoist cadres are confined to barracks and cantonments. Both sides agreed on a permanent ceasefire and an arms management arrangement. In August 2006 the and the Maoists requested UN assistance in support of the peace process including management of arms. In response, the UN Secretary-General appointed a Special Representative for Nepal in August 2006 with a UN mission (UNMIN) following in January 2007. 3/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05

An interim parliament was formed in January 2007 and an interim government led by the Nepali Congress, including Maoists Ministers, was formed on 1 April 2007. Following two cancellations, elections for a Constituent Assembly were finally held on 10 April 2008. Despite some violence and intimidation, these were considered to be largely free and fair. In a surprising result, the Maoists were confirmed as the largest party with 220 seats in a 601-seat assembly.

The first session of the Constituent Assembly was held on 28 May 2008 and declared Nepal a republic, thus ending a 240-year old monarchy. Following protracted negotiations amongst the four largest parties represented in the Assembly, Dr Ram Baran of the Nepali Congress was elected President on 21 July 2008. The Assembly also elected Parmananda Jha of Madhesi People’s Rights Forum (MPRF) as the Vice-President. On 29 July, President Yadav invited the Chairman of the Unified (CPN) (Prachanda), as the leader of the largest party in the Assembly, to form a consensus government. However, disagreements over nominations and the election of the President continued to cause difficulties and, in the absence of consensus, the election of a prime minister moved to the Legislature-Parliament. As a result of that election, Pushpa Kamal Dahal was elected as Prime Minister.

Constituent Assembly The Constituent Assembly (CA) is made up of 601 members, 240 directly voted, 335 through the Proportional Representation (PR) system and 26 nominated by the Cabinet. The Maoists are the biggest party with 38% followed by Nepali Congress with 19% and Unified with 18%. It is the youngest (average age 44) and most inclusive (33% women and the highest number of members from excluded groups) institution in Nepal's history but it is also inexperienced with almost 1/3 illiterate and many with no political or parliamentary experience.The new government faces a number of significant challenges including decisions over the future of former combatants (both the Maoist People’s Liberation Army and Nepal Army), federalism and the need to tackle impunity.

Terai Unrest In December 2006, following widespread protests and rioting in the southern region (Terai), MPRF, led by Upendra Yadav, signed an agreement with the then government. The uprising was pacified after the government amended the interim constitution. In January 2008, the three Terai-based parties, MPRF, Terai-Madhes Democratic Party (TMDP) and Sadbhavana Party (SP), joined forces to create a coalition named the United Democratic Madhesi Front (UDMF) aiming to project a united front to negotiate with the Government. On 26 February 2008, an agreement was signed between the then Government and UDMF paving the way for the Constituent Assembly election. The UDMF coalition parties participated in the CA election and secured 13% of the seats in the CA. MJF and TMDP are the fourth and fifth largest political parties in the CA respectively. Currently MJF and SP are partners in the coalition government, while the TMDP has remained in opposition.

There were reportedly more than three dozen armed groups operating in the Terai region. In October 2008, the government of Nepal called for talks with the armed groups aimed at ending the violence. However, apart from holding talks with some smaller groups, there has not been any tangible progress. Public security continues to be poor with occasional killings, kidnappings and bombings.

People and Language Nepal is a melting pot of many races and tribes. The country is comprised of over 100 distinct castes and ethnic groups speaking almost 100 different languages and dialects. This diversity can also be seen in the different regions of the country where people from each ethnicity can be seen wearing different costumes and speaking different languages and dialects.

Festivals Nepal is the land of festivals. For the Nepalese, festivals are not merely annual spectacles, but also a living part of their rich cultural heritage. Festivals effectively bind together the Nepalese people of diverse cultural backgrounds and beliefs into one nation. Most Nepalese festivals are related to different Hindu and Buddhist gods and goddesses and they are celebrated on such days consecrated for them by religion and tradition.

Additional general information can be found in Annex 4 Miscellaneous.

4/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 1.1. Introduction / Background

1.1.1. Basic facts Source: CIA Fact Book 2009 Basic Facts Capital Kathmandu, 2009 estimated population of metropolitan area is 1.4 million. Nepali is the official language spoken by an estimated 90% of the population and is used in government publications. The major languages, spoken as mother tongue, are Nepali (48.6%), Maithili (12.3%), Bhojpuri (7.5%), Tharu Language (5.9%), Tamang (5.2%), Newari (3.6%), Magar (3.4%), Awadhi (2.5%), Rai (2.8%), Limbu (1.5%), (1.0%) and other (5.7%). English is taught as a second language in secondary schools and colleges and is widely understood in business and government circles. It is estimated there are approximately 100 different ethnic/caste groups in Nepal. The major ones are Khas Chettri (15.5%), Khas (12.5%), Magar Ethnic groups (7%), Tharu (6.6%), Tamang (5.5%), Newar (5.4%), (3.9%), Yadav (3.9%), other, made up of approximately 90 groups each representing less than 1% of the total population, (39.7%). (80.2%), (10.7%), Islam (4.2%), Yumaism (3.6%), Kirat Religions Mundhum and other religions (1.3%) Nepal is the 93rd largest country by land mass, 147,181 km2 and is similar in Country size (comparison) size to or the US state of Iowa. Population density (map) 157/km2 in 2008 and 188/km2 (estimated) for 2009 Border countries India (east, west, south) – 1,690 km; (north) – 1,236 km Exports Carpets, clothing, leather goods, jute, grain Imports Petroleum products, gold, machinery, fertilizer, steel Agricultural products Rice, wheat, maize, millet, potatoes, pulses, fruits, vegetables

1.1.2. Country in Figures Source: CIA Fact Book 2009 General Information Country size 147,181 km2 Population 23,151,423 (2008 census), 28,563,377 (July 2009 estimate) Population growth rate 1.281% (Country ranking: 106/233) GDP per capita US$ 1,100 Population under poverty line (%) 31% HIV prevalence (%) 0.5% (79/170)

Useful Information Time zone (GMT +/-) GMT +5:45 Nepal has four seasons: summer (June-August), autumn (September-November), winter (December-February) and spring (March-May). The monsoon season runs from late June/early July to late September/early October when about 80% of the annual rain falls. Climate description The temperatures in the Kathmandu Valley, elevation 1,310m, range from 19-27oC during the summer to 2-20oC in the winter. In the summer, temperatures range from 28oC in the hill regions to 40oC+ in the Terai lowlands along the border with India. The mountain regions experience heavy snowfalls in the winter with sub-zero arctic temperatures. The Nepali rupee (NPR) is the official currency. It is tied to the Indian rupee being 5/8 its Currency value. Telephone dialing code +977 Driving (left / right) Left side of road Citizens from the UK, , Canada, USA, EU countries and other countries affiliated with the UN are able to obtain visas upon arrival in Nepal. Citizens from other countries Visa requirements and need to obtain visas from the Nepalese Embassy/Consulate in their respective countries. cost Indian nationals do not need visas to enter Nepal. It is possible to use a tourist visa for up to 30 days for business purposes. Costs for 30-day multiple-entry visas are: UK (£35), Australia (Aus$85), Canada (Can$40) and USA (USD$40).

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Money Parity and Inflation Exchange rate – US$ = Local Year Rate of inflation Currency 2006 US$1=NPR 71.50 7.8% 2007 US$1=NPR 70.06 8.6% 2008 US$1=NPR 67.00 6.4% 2009 US$1=NPR 76.20 7.7%

1.2. Humanitarian Background

1.2.1. Disasters, Conflicts & Migration History

Disasters, Conflicts & Migration (Yes/No) Comments / Details Natural Disasters Serious winter droughts since 2005. 2008/2009 winter drought was worst in Drought history. Currently, an estimated 700,000 people are in need of immediate food assistance. Worst hit areas are mid and far western regions. Entire country is rated moderate to high risk. Last major earthquake was in 1934 Earthquake and killed an estimated 20,000 people. Epidemic Cholera outbreaks have occurred in the past 2 – 3 years. Because of the extreme elevation changes within Nepal, there are major Extreme temperature temperature differences. The Terai, or Nepali lowlands bordering India, can experience very high temperatures, up to 44 degrees C. Flood Floods are common during the monsoon season, July – October. Insect infestation N/A Landslides are common in the mountain regions, particularly during the Slides monsoon season. Volcano N/A Wave/Surge N/A Wild fires While not a major threat, wildfires do occur. Wind storm Storms, in general, do occur that result in significant damage. Over the past 28 years, 69 major/significant natural disasters have occurred in Nepal Other comments resulting in approximately 10,000 deaths. These disasters affected 4.4 million people. Man-made From 1996 – 2006, over 13,000 people were killed during the civil war between Civil strife Maoists and the government. Since 2006, a power-sharing arrangement hasended the war although there is ongoing political tension. International conflict N/A There are an estimated 50,000 internally displaced people in Nepal as a result of Displaced in country the 1996 – 2006 conflict. Many have taken up temporary shelter in Kathmandu and other major cities. Nepal has hosted thousands of refugees from since 1990. While many Refugees in country have been relocated to third countries, there are still an estimated 89,000 in the country. Refugees from country N/A There are significant numbers of various types of landmines that have not been Landmines casualties / removed as part of the de-mining operations being conducted by NGOs and

year others. These landmines were put in place by both the government of Nepal and the Maoists. Many people have died as a result of these landmines. Political Strikes: Another significant occurrence is the frequent political strikes bandhs Other comments called by political parties to protest a particular issue. These are common and cause major disruptions as roads are often blocked for days by these strikes.

6/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 1.2.2. Calamities and Seasonal Affects

Seasonal Affects on Transport (economic, social, climate…) Transport Comments Nepal has two main east-west highways, one in the mountain valley and the other in the Terai (lowlands). Primary road transport July – October During the monsoon season, landslides and flooding occur and disrupt the flow of goods. Landslides and poor road conditions are a major problem for the secondary roads. Heavy rains cause numerous Secondary road transport July – October landslides and cut off remote areas. The economic impact of this is huge as farmlands, houses and pastures are lost. Rail transport Nepal’s rail system is very small and is not impacted. N/A During the monsoon season, heavy rains, fog and strong Air transport July – October winds impact the regional airports. Waterways transport N/A N/A

Seasonal Affects on Storage and Handling (economic, social, climate…) Activity Comments Storage of goods can become a major issue during the monsoon season because roads are impassible. It may be advisable to preposition goods in anticipation of this. Storage Another issue may be the backlog of goods at the July – October origination point if trucks, etc are unable to move the goods out.

The same holds true for the handling of goods. Handling July – October Considerable pre-planning is recommended.

1.2.2. Capacities to Respond to Emergencies

1.2.2.1. Government

Nepal has been rated by the World Bank as one of the global “hot-spots” for natural disasters. Various studies list Nepal as the 11th most at risk in terms of relative vulnerability to earthquakes, 6th in terms of climate change and 30th in terms of floods. In response to the vulnerabilities Nepal faces, the Government has seriously embarked on a comprehensive strategy to mitigate and respond to the various disasters and emergencies that occur. The lead ministry in dealing with disaster mitigation and response is the Ministry of Home Affairs. The Natural Calamity Rescue Act of 1982 and the Local Self-Governance Act of 1999 provide the framework for all levels of government to work together on disaster reduction and response.

The key ministries involved in disaster reduction and response and their main contributions, in addition to the Ministry of Home Affairs, are:

Ministry of Health Rapid Response Teams to deal with epidemics Working Group on Avian-influenza Disaster Health Working Group Maintain a national emergency health profile

Ministry of Agriculture Damage assessment capacity Response experience to fast and slow onset disasters

Ministry of Local Development Administors a national information management

system networking all 75 districts together

In addition to the coordination that the above ministries provide, the District Development Offices play a vital role in the process of decentralizing disaster risk management to the district and municipal levels. The Nepal Army, along with the Armed Police and Police, assist as emergency responders providing more than 150 Medical First Responders, Collapsed Structure Search and Rescuers, Disaster Response Instructors and search and rescue equipment pre-positioned throughout the country.

7/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Hospitals throughout the country carry out periodic emergency response drills. The Department of Mines and Geology has a network of 21 seismic stations. The Department of Survey has access to satellite mapping and interpretation as well as real-time operation of continuous GPS stations. The Department of Hydrology and Meteorology has monitoring stations countrywide.

The Government of Nepal recognizes the important roles UN, INGOs and National NGOs play in disaster reduction and emergency response and as such, has incorporated them into the overall planning and response process.

8/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Ministry / Department / Contact Names & Email Tel / Fax Website Address Office of the Prime Name: Madhav Prashad Tel1: +977-01-4211000 http://www.opmcm.gov.np/in Minister and Council of Ghimire Res: +977-01-5534096 dex.php?param=p11 Ministers Title: Chief Secretary Fax: Singh Durbar, KTM Email: [email protected] Office of the Primer Name: Ramchandraman Singh Tel1: +977-01-4211025 Minister and Council of Title: Secretary Res: +977-01-5523393 www.opmcm.gov.np Ministers Email: [email protected] Fax: Office of the Prime Name: Dr. Trilochan Upreti Tel1: +977-01-4211072 Minister and Council of Title: Secretary Res: +977-01-4422207 www.opmcm.gov.np Ministers Email: [email protected] Fax: Office of the Prime Name: Lilamani Paudel Tel1: +977-01-4211094 Minister and Council of Title: Secretary Res: +977-01-4444827 www.opmcm.gov.np Ministers Email: [email protected] Fax: Office of Prime Minister Name: Dhurb Prashad Sharma Tel1: +977-01-4211040 and Council of Ministers Title: Secretary Res: +977-01-4359780 www.opmcm.gov.np Email: [email protected] Fax: Name: Baman Prasad Naupane Tel1: +977-01-4416317 Office of the President Title: Secretary Res: +977-01-5549648 N/A Email: N/A Fax: Office of the Vice- Name: Nathu Prasad Chaudhari Tel1: +977-01-4228291 President Title: Secretary Res: +977-01-6634799 N/A Email: N/A Fax: Ministry of Finance Name: Rameshore Prasad Tel1: +977-01-4211332 Khanal Res: +977-01-6635473 http://www.mof.gov.np/ Title: Secretary Fax: +977-01- 4211164 Email: [email protected] Ministry of Finance Name: Krishna Hari Baskota Tel1: +977-01-4211400 (Revenue) Title: Act. Secretary Res: +977-01-4279987 http://www.ird.gov.np/index2 Email: [email protected] Fax: +977-01-4211605 .php

Ministry of Law, Justice & Name: Madhav Paudel Tel1: +977-01-4211987 Constituent Assembly Title: Secretary Res: +977-01-4479944 http://www.moljpa.gov.np/ Affairs Email: [email protected] Fax: + 977-01-4211684 Name: Pratap Kumar Pathak Tel1: +977-01-4211579 http://www.moics.gov.np/gen Ministry of Industry Title: Secretary Res: +977-01-4280344 eral_information/general_inf Email: [email protected], Fax: +977-01-4211619, ormation.htm [email protected] 4211594 http://www.moics.gov.np/con tact.html Name: Umakant Jha Tel1: +977-01-4211426 http://www.moir.gov.np/ Ministry of Irrigation Title: Secretary Res: +977-01-4493179 Email: [email protected] Fax: +977-01-4200026 Name: Mr. Nathu Prasad Tel1: +977-01-4211808 Ministry of Agriculture Chaudhary Res: +977-01-5003267 http://www.moac.gov.np/ho and Cooperatives Title: Secretary Fax: +977-01- 4211935, me/index.php Email: [email protected] 4211839 Name: Dr. Govinda Prasad Tel1: +977-01-4211203 Ministry of Home Affairs Kusum Res: +977-01-4782292 http://www.moha.gov.np/ Title: Secretary Fax: +977-01-4211246 Email: [email protected] Name: Shanker Prasad Koirala Tel1: +977-01-4211516 Ministry of Energy Title: Secretary Res: +977-01-4482800 http://www.moen.gov.np/ Email: [email protected] Fax: +977-01-4211510 Name: Gyan Chandra Acharya Tel1: +977-01-4416002 Ministry of Foreign Affairs Title: Secretary Res: +977-01-4370770 http://www.mofa.gov.np/ Email: [email protected] Fax: +977-01-4416016 / 4419044 Ministry of Tourism & Name: Purna Prashad Kadariya Tel1: +977-01-4211870 Civil Aviation Title: Secretary Res: www.tourism.gov.np/ Email: [email protected] Fax: +977-01-4227758 Ministry of Land Reform Name: Chhabi Raj Pant Tel1: +977-01-4211673 & Management Title: Act. Secretary Res: +977-01-4497020 http://www.molrm.gov.np Email: [email protected] Fax: +977-01-4211708 Name: Purna Prasad Kadariya Tel1: +977-01-4211880 Ministry of Physical Title: Secretary Res: +977-01-4374273 http://www.moppw.gov.np Planning & Works Email: [email protected]; Fax: +977-01- 4211720 [email protected] Name: Deep Basnyat Tel1: +977-01-4211613 http://www.moppw.gov.np Physical Planning Title: Secretary Res: 9/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Email: [email protected]; Fax: +977-01- 4211720 [email protected] Ministry of Women, Name: Bindra Hada Tel1: +977-01-4240408 http://www.mowcsw.gov.np/ Children & Social Welfare Title: Secretary Res: +977-01-4283282 Email: [email protected] Fax: Ministry of Youth & Name: Susil Ja. Ba. Ra. Tel1: +977-01-5539637 http://www.moys.gov.np/cont Sports Title: Secretary Res: +977-01-4374112 actus.php Email: [email protected] Fax: +977-01-4416489 Name: Navin Kumar Ghimire Tel1: +977-01-4211290, Ministry of Defence Title: Secretary 4211289 http://www.mod.gov.np/inde Email: [email protected] Res: N/A x.php Fax: + 977-01-4211294 Ministry of Forest & Soil Name: Yub Raj Bhusal Tel1: +977-01-4211567 Conservation Title: Secretary Res: +977-01-4280958 http://www.dscwm.gov.np Email: [email protected] Fax: +977-01-4221067 Ministry of Commerce Name: Purushottam Ojha Tel1: +977-01-4211446 http://www.mocs.gov.np/ope and Supplies Title: Secretary Res: +977-01-4351324 nsection.php?secid=489 Email: [email protected] Fax: +977-01-4211167 Name: Dr. Udaya Raj Sharma Tel1: +977-01-4211860 Ministry of Environment Title: Secretary Res: +977-01-4411792 http://www.moest.gov.np/np Email: [email protected] Fax: Name: Punya Prasad Naupane Tel1: +977-01-4211189 Ministry of Peace & Title: Secretary Res: +977-01-4496415 www.peace.gov.np Reconstruction Email: [email protected] Fax: +977-01-4211186, 4211173 Name: Deependra Bickram Tel1: +977-01-4411599 Ministry of Education Res: +977-01-4671533 http://moe.gov.np/new/ Title: Secretary Fax: +977-01-4418191 Email: [email protected] Ministry of Labour & Name: Baburam Acharya Tel1: +977-01-4211991 www.moltm.gov.np Transport Management Title: Secretary Res: +977-01-4359089 www.dol.gov.np (Ministry of Email: [email protected] Fax: +977-01-4256877 Labour) Ministry of General Name: Balananda Paudel Tel1: +977-01-4200086 http://www.moga.gov.np/gen Administration Title: Secretary Res: +977-01-4285702 eral_info.php Email: [email protected] Fax: +977-01-4200238 Name: Sushil Ghimire Tel1: +977-01-4211650 Ministry of Information & Title: Act. Secretary Res: +977-01-4333712 http://www.moic.gov.np/ Communications Email: [email protected] Fax: +977-01-4211979, 4211729, 4211610 Ministry of Culture & Name: Pramod Kumar Karki Tel1: +977-01-4211628 State Restructuring Title: Secretary Res: N/A None Email: Fax: +977-01-4211792 Ministry of Local Name: Sham Prasad Mainali Tel1: +977-01-5524535 http://www.mld.gov.np/np/in Development Title: Secretary Res: +977-01-4432374 dex.php Email: [email protected], Fax: (only Nepalese version) Ministry of Health & Name: Dr. Sudha Sharma Tel1: +977-01-4262590 Population Title: Act. Secretary Res: N/A http://www.moh.gov.np/ Email: [email protected] Fax: +977-01-4262896 National Planning Name: Yub Raj Pandey Tel1: +977-01-4211629 Commission Title: Secretary Res: +977-01-4315681 www.npc.gov.np Email: [email protected] Fax: +977-01-4211700 Kathmandu Metropolitan Name: Niranjan Baral Tel1: +977-01-4231481 City Office Title: Executive Officer Res: N/A www.kathmandu.gov.np Email: [email protected] Fax:

1.2.2.2. Humanitarian Community The Nepal IASC, the Inter-Agency Standing Committee,was established in April 2006. Members of the IASC are selected UN Agencies and INGOs and the Red Cross movement. The Nepal IASC meets on a monthly basis or whenever the situation requires.

10/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Humanitarian Coordination Type Name / Address Contact Telephone OCHA Tel1: +977-01-5548553 UN HC/RC Robert Piper UN - RCO Tel2: HC RC UN House, Pulchowk, Robert Piper Fax: +977-01-5548597 Lalitpur, Nepal Email: [email protected] Inter Agency Coordination Cluster/Sector Focal Point(s) Contact Telephone

UN House, Pulchowk, Tel1: +977-01-5548553 OCHA Wendy Cue Lalitpur, Nepal Email: [email protected]

Tel1: +977-01-5548553 UN HC/RC IASC Robert Piper Tel2: OCHA HoO Wendy Cue (alternate) Email: : [email protected] Nigel Sanders Tel1: +977-01-5542607 Nigel Sanders Tel2: +977-98510 22432 WFP Logistics Fax: +977-01-5524101 Email: [email protected] Rajendra Kumar Lal Rajendra Kumar Lal Tel: +977-01-5542607 x2313 E-mail: rajendra.@wfp.org Bhawana Upadhyay Bhawana Upadhyay Tel1: +977-9851047841 Email: [email protected] WFP Nitesh Nitesh Sthapit ICT Tel1: +977-9851081896 UNICEF Email: [email protected]

Ujjwal Pradhanang Ujjwal Pradhanang Tel1: +977-9851054141 Email: [email protected] Kimberly Deni Kimberly Deni Tel: +977-9851029168 Food Security WFP Email: [email protected] Jayoung Lee Jayoung Lee Tel: +977-9851105248 Email: [email protected] Helle Falk Jakobsen Helle Falk Jakobsen Tel: +977-9851081651 Email: [email protected] Agriculture FAO Xavier Bouan Tel : +977-9803113045 (sub-cluster) Email: [email protected] Zivai Murira Nutrition UNICEF Zivai Murira Tel: +977-9851110684 Pragyan Mathema E-mail: [email protected] Pragyan Mathema : Tel: +977- 9851038822 E-mail: [email protected] Hyo-Jeong Kim Hyo-Jeong Kim Health WHO Tel1: +977-98511 00191 UNFPA Email: [email protected] Dr. Sathyanarayanan Doraiswamy Dr. Sathyanarayanan Doraiswamy Tel1: +977-98510003981 Email: [email protected] Sabina Joshi Sabina Joshi Education UNICEF Tel: +977-9851064207 Gyanendra Shrestha E-mail: [email protected] Save the Children Gyanendra Shrestha E-mail: [email protected] Sam Omollo Email: [email protected] CCCM IOM Email: [email protected] Prasuna Saakha 11/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Humanitarian Coordination Type Name / Address Contact Telephone Tel1: +977-9851010970 WASH UNICEF Madhav Pahadi Tel2: Fax: Email: [email protected] Anthony Cardon Protection OHCHR Anthony Cardon Tel1: +977-9851029407 Toya Subedi Email: [email protected] Toya Subedi Tel1: +977-9851000810 Email: [email protected] Gurung Child UNICEF Protection Radha Gurung Tel1: +977-9841220289 Joanne Doucet Email: [email protected] Joanne Doucet Tel1: +977-98510 77083 Email: [email protected] Michiyo Yamada Tel1: +977-9849037625 GBV Protection UNFPA Email: [email protected]

Tel1: +977-9851038891 Early Recovery UNDP Ghulam Sherani Email: [email protected] Emergency UNHABITAT Gererd Ferrie Gererd Ferrie Shelter Tel1: +977-9851014304 Email: [email protected] Prafulla Maan Singh UNHABITAT Prafulla Maan Singh Pradhan Tel1: +977-9851088522

Email: [email protected] Victoria Bannon Recovery Victoria Bannon Shelter IFRC Tel 1: +977-9851047071 Email: [email protected]

The information on the inter-agency funding and appeals can be found here: http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/fts.nsf/doc105?OpenForm&rc=3&cc=npl

12/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05

Nepal Government Cluster Counterparts

Nepal Government Coordination

CLUSTER AGENCY NAME MOBILE EMAIL

Food Security Ministry of Dr.Dhanaraj Ratala +977-9851002247 [email protected] Agriculture Mr. Hem Raj Regmi +977-9841324608 Health Ministry of Health Mr. Damodar Regmi +977-9841359973 and Population Dr. Sanadra Raj Uprety [email protected] Sagar Dahal Nutrition Ministry of Health Mr. Damodar Regmi +977-9841359973 and Population Dr Shyam Raj Uprety +977-9851088382 [email protected] Mr. Raj Kumar +977-9851055347 Pokharel Protection Department of Manta Bista +977-9841614586 [email protected] Women m Development [email protected] (MoWCSW) Mr. Madhav Gautam

NHRC [email protected] rg Water and Ministry of Physical Mr. Suman Sharma +977-9851059948 [email protected] Sanitation Planning and Work Education Ministry of Mr. Khagaraj Paudya +977-9841394234 [email protected] Education Mr. Laxman Bashyal [email protected] Emergency Ministry of Physical Mr. Amrit [email protected] Shelter/ Recovery Planning and Work Shelter Camp Ministry of Physical Mr. Amrit Tuladhar [email protected] Coordination Planning and Work Management

13/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Humanitarian Community – UN Agencies Org. Name Contact & Address Contacts Comments Tel1: +977-01-5548553 Wendy Cue Tel2: OCHA UN House, Pulchowk, www.un.org.np Fax: +977-01-5548597 Lalitpur, Nepal Email: [email protected] Anne-Isabelle Degryse-Blateau Tel1: +977-01-5523200 Jorn Sorensen Tel2: UNDP http://www.undp.org.np UN House, Pulchowk, Fax: +977-1-5523991, 5523986 Kathmandu, P.O.Box 107, Nepal Email: [email protected] Richard Ragan Tel1: +977-01-5542607 Dominique Isabelle Hyde Tel2: http://www.wfp.org/countrie WFP Chakupat, Patan Dhoka , Fax: +977-01-5524101 s/nepal Lalitpur, P.O.Box 107 Email: [email protected] Gillian Mellsop Tel: +977-01-5523200 http://www.unicef.org/infoby UNICEF Jacques Boyer Email: [email protected] country/nepal.html Tel1: +977-01-5542816 Tel 2: +977-01-5551091 http://www.unhabitat.org/cat UNHABITAT Prafulla Man Singh Pradhan Email: egories.asp?catid=54 [email protected] Alexander Andejaparidze Tel1: +977-01-5523200 http://www.who.int/countries WHO Hyo-Jeong Kim Email: [email protected] /npl/en/ Ian McFarlane Tel1: +977-01-5523200 http://nepal.unfpa.org/en/ind UNFPA Ugochi Daniels Email: [email protected] ex.php Tel1: +977-01-5010036 UNMIN Tina Pihl Fax: +977-01-501 0040 http://www.unmin.org.np/ Email: [email protected] Tel1: +977-01-4414724 Stephane Jaquemet Tel2: +977-01-4419355 UNHCR http://www.un.org.np/ Diane Goodman Fax: +977-01-5548597 Email: [email protected] Tel1: +977-01-4280164 Tel2: http://nepal.ohchr.org/en/ind OHCHR Richard Bennett Fax: +977-01-4670712, 4670713, ex.html 4671256 Email: [email protected] Tel1: +977-01-5523239 Bui Thi Lan Tel2: +977-01-5523990 http://coin.fao.org/cms/worl FAO UN House, Pulchowk, Lalitpur, Fax: +977-01-5526358 d/nepal/en/Home.html P.O.Box 107 Nepal Email: [email protected]

14/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Humanitarian Community – IO’s & NGO’s Org. Name Contact & Address Contacts Comments Tel1: +977-01-5013003 ACF Sukdev Sharma Tel2: +977-01-5013004 Fax: Email: [email protected]

http://www.icrc.org/web/e Tel1: ng/siteeng0.nsf/htmlall/n Patric Vial Tel2: epal?opendocument ICRC Laure Schneeberger Fax: Presence (2009): 117 Email: staff, including 14 expatriates Tel1: http://www.ifrc.org/where/ Tel2: Victoria Bannon country/cn6.asp?countryi Fax: d=123 IFRC Email: Chairman: Mr. Sanjeev Thapa Vice-Chairman: Mrs. Indira JAISHI Vice-Chairman: Mr. Ajit Kumar SHARMA Vice-Chairman: Mr. Hari NIRAULA Vice-Chairman: Mr. Shasi PANTHI Tel1: +977-01-4270 650 Vice-Chairman: Mr. Binod Kumar Tel2: NRCS http://www.nrcs.org SHARMA Fax: +977-01-4271 915 Secretary General: Mr. Dev Ratna Email: [email protected] DHAKHWA ° Deputy Secretary General: Mr. Bhakta KHAWAS Executive Director: Mr. Umesh Prasad DHAKAL Tel1: +977-01-5523200 http://www.iom.int/jahia/J Sarat Dash Tel2: IOM ahia/nepal Sunita Acharya Fax:

Email: [email protected] Tel1: +977-01-4432602 AIN Phanindra Adhikary Tel2: +977-01-5526152 http://www.ain.org.np/ Lucky Gurung Fax: Email: Tel1: +977-01-4421319 Save the Brian Hunter Tel2: http://www.savethechildr Children Fax: en.org/countries/asia/nep Email: al.html [email protected] Tel1: +977-01-4436477 Action Aid Country Director: Mr. Bimal Phunyal Tel2: http://216.64.143.192/~a Nepal Sr. Theme Leader, Emergency & Fax: ction/# Disaster Theme: Mr. Shyam Jnavaly Email: [email protected] [email protected] Tel1: +977-01-5555913/ 14 ADRA Program Director Amy Prevatt Tel2: http://www.adranepal.org Team Leader, Emergency Fax: / Management: Ashok Shrestha Email: [email protected] Tel1: +977-01-5522800 CARE Nepal Country Director: Alka Pathak Tel2: http://www.carenepal.org DRR Manager: Sudharshan Raj Fax: / Sharma Email: [email protected] Tel1: +977-01-5539344 CARITAS Executive Director: Mr. Peloe Moktan Tel2: +977-01-5538172 http://www.caritasnepal.o Nepal Lama Fax: rg/eng/index.php Team Leader, Emergency Operations: Email: Ms Arpana Karki Tel1: +977-01-4244723 CECI Country Representative: Mr. Keshava Tel2: http://www.ceciasia.org/n Koirala Fax: epal.htm Email:

15/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Humanitarian Community – IO’s & NGO’s Org. Name Contact & Address Contacts Comments Tel1: http://www.hki.org/workin Helen Keller Programme Officer: Ms Puja Pandey Tel2: g-worldwide/- International Fax: pacific/nepal/ Email: The Lutheran Country Representative: Mr. Marceline Tel1: +977-01-4432602 World P Rozario Tel2: http://www.lwfnepal.org/ Federation ERDRM Manager: Mr. Gopal Dahal Fax: Nepal Email: [email protected] International Tel1: +977-01-4720217 http://www.ird- Relief and Country Representative: Mr. Phanindra Tel2: dc.org/what/programs/ne Development Adhikary Fax: pal_resettlement.html Email: [email protected] Tel1: +977-01-5555532 Mercy Corps Country Director: Mr. Josh DeWald Tel2: +977-01-5555532/ http://www.mercycorps.or Deputy Director: Mr. Sanjay Karki 5012571 g/countries/nepal Fax: Email: Tel1: +977-01-5539171 Oxfam Country Programme Manager: Mr. Tel2: http://www.oxfam.org.uk/ Wayne Gum Fax: oxfam_in_action/where_ Programme Coordinator: Email: we_work/nepal.html Mr. Bishnu P. Kharel [email protected] [email protected] Tel1: +977-01-4435268 RCDSC - Chairperson: Mr. Ram Adhar Kapar Tel2: Mahottariu Fax: Email: [email protected] Tel1: SAPPROS Director: Mr. Narendra KC Tel2: Fax: Email: [email protected] National Director: Mr. Michael Frank Tel1: +977-01-5548877 World Vision Operations Coordinator (West): Ms Tel2: http://nepal.wvasiapacific International Louise Currie Fax: .org/ Operation Coordinator-East/Central: Email: Callum Newman [email protected] Risk Management Officer: Mr. Isaac [email protected] Anup Rana [email protected] [email protected]

Detailed information on Who What Where can we found on http://www.un.org.np/www/index.php

1.3. National Regulatory Departments/Bureau and Quality Control/Relevant Laboratories

Dept/Agency Name & Contact Names & Email Tel / Fax Website Address Department of Food Name: Technology and Quality Title: Tel1: Control (DFTQC) Email: [email protected] Tel2: www.dftqc.gov.np SPS National Enquiry Point [email protected] Fax: +977-01-422 6337 Babarmahal [email protected]

Summary of Role and Services: The Department of Food Technology and Quality Control (DFTQC) is based in Babarmahal, Kathmandu, Nepal and has the following divisions: Food Quality Control Division, Food Technology Development and Training Division, Central Food Laboratory, National Nutrition Program and SPS Enquiry Point.

There are five regional offices that are mainly engaged in food/feed quality control activities such as food inspection, sample collection, analysis of samples as well as preparation of cases if violations of food/feed laws and food safety and quality are found. Regional office locations:

16/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Dept/Agency Name & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Address Name: Tel1: +977-21-521221 Regional DFTQC Office, Title: Tel2: www.dftqc.gov.np Email: Fax: [email protected]

Dept/Agency Name & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Address Name: Tel1: +977-57-529319 Regional DFTQC Office, Title: Tel2: www.dftqc.gov.np Email: Fax:

Dept/Agency Name & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Address Name: Tel1: +977-71-520157 Regional DFTQC Office, Title: Tel2: www.dftqc.gov.np Bhairahawa Email: Fax:

Dept/Agency Name & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Address Name: Tel1: +977-81-521537 Regional DFTQC Office, Title: Tel2: www.dftqc.gov.np Email: Fax:

Dept/Agency Name & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Address Name: Tel1: +977-91-522972 Regional DFTQC Office, Title: Tel2: www.dftqc.gov.np Email: Fax: +977-91-526972

There are four customs laboratories (food quarantine labs) to monitor the quality of imported/exported food products at the following customs points:

Dept/Agency Name & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Address Name: Tel1: +977-23-562965 Customs laboratory in Title: Tel2: Kakadvittta, Jhapa Email: Fax:

Dept/Agency Name & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Address Name: Tel1: +977-51-534169 Customs laboratory in Title: Tel2: , Parsa Email: Fax:

Dept/Agency Name & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Address Customs laboratory in Name: Tel1: +977-99-522379 Mahendranagar, Title: Tel2: Kanchanpur Email: Fax:

Nepal Bureau of Standards and Metrology (NBSM) is the national standards body in Nepal. It is a government organization under the Ministry of Industry (MoI). It is also the national enquiry point/nodal point for the World Trade Organization (technical barriers to trade and non-tariff measures) and focal point for National Authority on Disarmament Affairs (NADA). NBSM implements a product certification scheme. This is a voluntary scheme that assures quality of goods from Nepalese industries.

17/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Dept/Agency Name & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Address Name: Tel1: +977-1- 4350818 http://www.nbsm.gov.np/inf Nepal Bureau of Standards Title: Tel2: o.htm & Metrology (NBSM) Email: [email protected] Fax:+ 977-1- 4-350689

Functions, Duties and Responsibilities of NCS - To establish and revise national standards; - To adopt and or to recognize standards so established by other national bodies and international standardization institutions; - To determine the fees for granting license to use quality certification marks. NBSM Laboratories 1. Building Construction Material Testing Laboratory 2. Chemical & Food Laboratories 3. Electrical Testing Laboratory 4. Pipe Testing Laboratory 5. Textile Testing Laboratory 6. Leather Testing Laboratory 7. Mechanical Testing Laboratory 8. Metrology Laboratory 9. Environmental Testing Laboratory

1.4. Customs Information

1.4.1. Duties and Taxes Exemption

A) Emergency Response:

This section contains information that is related and applicable to ‘crisis’ times. These tools (instruments is a better word to use here than tools as most of the items on the list are UN conventions) can be applied when an emergency is officially declared by the government. When this occurs, there is usually a streamlined process to import goods duty and tax- free.

Agreements / Conventions Description Ratified by Country? WCO (World Customs Organization) member Yes No Date: 22 July 1985 Annex J-5 Revised Kyoto Convention Yes No Date: OCHA Model Agreement Yes No Date: 31 May 2007 Tampere Convention (on the Provision of Telecommunication Yes No Date: 23 April 1999 Resources for Disaster Mitigation and Relief Operations)

B) Exemption Regular Regime (Non-Emergency Response):

This section contains information on the usual duties & taxes exemption regime during non-emergency times, when there is no declared state of emergency and no streamlined process (e.g. regular importations/development/etc.)

National Customs Legislation and Regime

Customs Act, 2064 (2007) First Amendment to Customs Act (2009) Second Amendment to Customs Act (2009)

The full details of the current Nepal Customs Act can be found at http://www.customs.gov.np.

The UN agencies are exempt from duty. NGOs may request exemption by following specific procedures as outlined in the following sections.

18/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Organizational Requirements to Obtain a Duty Free Status United Nations Agencies

The UN has a long-standing agreement with the Government of Nepal for duty-free importation. This agreement includes WFP.

NGOs

The government has a provision to provide duty-free exemption to NGOs on an event basis. It doesn’t have a provision to provide exemption by long-term agreements. NGOs need to apply for duty-free exemption through the Social Welfare Council (SWC) http://www.swc.org.np/

19/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Duties and Taxes Exemption Application Procedure Generalities

Request for exemption is first sent to the Ministry of Finance, the Foreign Aid Division. Once the Finance Secretary approves the request, the approval is sent to the Customs Department at the intended entry point where an Import Permit will be issued.

Generally importers or exporters within the territory of Nepal have to furnish the following shipping documents regarding their importation or exportations of commodities:

Compulsory Documents

ƒ Import/Export declaration form (BPP) ƒ Invoice ƒ Packing list ƒ Letter of credit ƒ Certificate of origin ƒ Certificate of insurance ƒ Bill of Lading / Airway Bill ƒ Industry Registration Certificates ƒ Permanent Account Number (with VAT Registration and Income Tax Registration if not exempt)

Optional Documents

ƒ Duty- exemption letter ( in case of diplomatic or exemption status) ƒ Delivery order (DO) / CTD (Customs Transit Declaration)- for import only ƒ Visa/ GSP for ready-made garments exportation ƒ Concurrence certificate from Department of Archaeology, Wildlife, Forestry or any other agency when required for exported goods ƒ Phytosanitary certificate

Process to be followed (step by step / flowchart)

Exemption Certificate Application Procedure:

20/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 C) Exemption Certificate Document Requirements

Duties and Taxes Exemption Certificate Document Requirements (by commodity) NFI (shelter, Vehicles and Staff (office) Telecom Food wash, Medicines Spare Parts Supplies Equipment education) Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 Originals, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 copies, copies, applies copies, applies copies, applies copies, applies copies, applies Invoice applies to to both UN to both UN to both UN to both UN to both UN and both UN and and NGOs and NGOs and NGOs and NGOs NGOs NGOs

Yes, 1 Yes, 1 original, Yes, 1 original, Yes, 1 original, Yes, 1 original, Yes, 1 original, 3 original, 3 3 copies, 3 copies, 3 copies, 3 copies, copies, applies AWB/BL/Other copies, applies to both applies to both applies to both applies to both to both UN and Transport applies to UN and NGOs UN and NGOs UN and NGOs UN and NGOs NGOs Document both UN and NGOs

Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 originals, originals, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 3 copies, applies Donation/Non- copies, copies, applies copies, applies copies, applies copies, applies to both UN and Commercial applies to to both UN to both UN to both UN to both UN NGOs Certificate both UN and and NGOs and NGOs and NGOs and NGOs NGOs Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 originals, originals, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 3 copies, applies copies, copies, applies copies, applies copies, applies copies, applies to both UN and Packing List applies to to both UN to both UN to both UN to both UN NGOs both UN and and NGOs and NGOs and NGOs and NGOs NGOs 3 original 1 original 1 original permit Phyto- permit from from the sanitary the Department of certificates, Department of Telecommuni- 3 copies, 1 Motor cations, 3 Other original Services, 3 copies, applies Documents Certificate of copies, applies to both UN and Origin, 3 to both UN NGOs copies, and NGOs applies to both UN and NGOs Additional Notes

NGOs have different procedures from the UN. NGOs must be registered with Social Welfare Council, Ministry of Finance with notification from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. After the registration procedure is done with the above mentioned entities, application for registration is made to the Department of Customs.

All exemption requests are submitted to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs who certifies the documents. If the items requested for exemption are on the Ministry’s approved list then the request is approved and processed.. If the items are not on the Ministry’s approved list, the request has to be submitted and approved by the Ministry of Finance. Documents required for the this request are: • BOL • Insurance policy (only for commercial goods for risk of loss), • Certificate of Origin • Invoice • Packing List • Mode of Payment (grant, donation, non-commercial certificate).

21/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 1.4.2. Customs Clearance

A) General Information:

Customs Information Document See section B, table below. Requirements Embargoes [ None Importation of narcotic drugs, beef and beef products, valuable metals and jewelry are prohibited except under bag and baggage regulations.

Prohibited Items Prohibited exports include archeological and religious artifacts, controlled wildlife, narcotics, arms, ammunition, explosives, industrial raw materials, imported raw materials, parts, capital goods, timber and logs.

General Products that may be imported only under special licenses include arms, ammunition, Restrictions explosives, communication equipment, computers, TVs, VCRs and walkie-talkies.

B) Customs Clearance Document Requirements:

Customs Clearance Document Requirements (by commodity) NFI (shelter, Vehicles and Staff (office) Telecom Food wash, Medicines Spare Parts Supplies Equipment education) Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 originals, originals, originals, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 D&T 3 copies, 3 copies, copies, apples copies, applies copies, applies copies, applies Exemption applies to applies to UN to both UN to both UN to both UN to both UN Certificate both UN and and NGOs and NGOs and NGOs and NGOs and NGOs NGOs Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 copies, copies, applies copies, applies copies, applies copies, applies copies, applies Invoice applies to to both UN to both UN to both UN to both UN to both UN both UN and and NGOs and NGOs and NGOs and NGOs and NGOs NGOs Yes, 1 Yes, 1 original, Yes, 1 original, Yes, 1 original, Yes, 1 original, Yes, 1 original, original, 3 3 copies, 3 copies, 3 copies, 3 copies, 3 copies, AWB/BL/Other copies, applies to both applies to both applies to both applies to both applies to both Transport applies to UN and NGOs UN and NGOs UN and NGOs UN and NGOs UN and NGOs Document both UN and NGOs Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 Donation/Non- copies, copies, applies copies, applies copies, applies copies, applies copies, applies Commercial applies to to both UN to both UN to both UN to both UN to both UN Certificate both UN and and NGOs and NGOs and NGOs and NGOs and NGOs NGOs Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 Yes, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 originals, 3 copies, copies, applies copies, applies copies, applies copies, applies copies, applies Packing List applies to to both UN to both UN to both UN to both UN to both UN both UN and and NGOs and NGOs and NGOs and NGOs and NGOs NGOs Yes, 3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A originals, 3 Phytosanitary copies, Certificate applies to both UN and NGOs None Approval from Approval from Approval from Approval from Other Ministry of Ministry of Ministry of the Ministry of Documents Women, Women, Women, Communica- Children and Children and Children and tions must be 22/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Customs Clearance Document Requirements (by commodity) NFI (shelter, Vehicles and Staff (office) Telecom Food wash, Medicines Spare Parts Supplies Equipment education) Social Welfare Social Welfare Social Welfare obtained for must be must be must be the bandwidth. obtained. obtained. obtained.

Additional Notes

In order to clear goods through Customs, the final duty-free exemption letter will be obtained from the Head of Customs and will be addressed to the Customs officer at the border crossing point. It will authorize an approved clearing agent to clear the goods per the specifications contained in the approval letter.

There is no cold chain storage available for vaccines at TIA airport and it normally takes one day for customs clearance.

C) Weight and Value Band:

Value & Weight Band Information

Class Value (local currency) Value (US$) Weight (Kegs) There are no restrictions on Document the importation of N/A N/A documents. There are no restrictions on high value non-documents, Non-Doc HV however, Customs reviews N/A N/A this on a case-by-case basis.

D) Transit Regime:

Transit Regime

The majority of Nepal’s imported goods are shipped through the ports of Indian, namely , and the information contained in this section apply to this transit regime. All the documents for clearing should be filed with the shipping line, port and customs authorities for clearing and possession of cargo. Cargo is unloaded from the ship by the port authorities. If the cargo is in containers and these are not to be forwarded to the Indo-Nepal border then destuffing is done at the cost of the importer. The Shipping line gives possession of the cargo to the importer's clearing agent after examining all the documents and the original Bill of Lading. The importer's clearing agent gets the cargo appraised by Indian customs authorities who open cases and make inspections in accordance with the invoice, packing list, etc. After a satisfactory inspection, customs authorities make an endorsement on the import license and other papers and do the sealing of the cases. The importer's clearing agent should obtain a transit insurance policy for the Indian import duty leviable in favour of Collector of Customs. After completion of these formalities, the customs authorities issue a Customs Transit Declaration form (CTD) that allows movement of Nepal-bound cargo from the Kolkata Port to the land customs post at Indo-Nepal border.

An “Undertaking Letter”, one per shipment is issued by the Nepal Consulate in Kolkata. The cargo goes to the Continental Freight Temporary Storage facility. The rate is $250/day/container.

23/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 1.4.3 Focal Points Information

Humanitarian Organization’s Customs Focal Point Organization Action Aid Nepal Name Ramesh Manandhar Title Logistics Officer Address GPO Box 6257, Apsara Marga, Lazimpat Telephone Number +977-1-4436477, Ext. 101 (office) Fax Number +977-1-4419718 Email [email protected] Web www.actionaid.org/nepal Languages of correspondence English/Nepalese

Humanitarian Organization’s Customs Focal Point Organization ADRA Nepal Name Rajendra Khanal Title Asst. Government Relations Officer Address Sanepa, Nepal Telephone Number +977-1-5555913 (office), +977-9851053281 (mobile) Fax Number +977-1-5554251 [email protected] Email

Web www.adranepal.org Languages of correspondence English/Nepalese

Humanitarian Organization’s Customs Focal Point Organization CARE Nepal Name Sudharshan Raj Sharma Title DRR Manager Address PO Box 1661, Pulchowk, Lalitpur, Kathmandu Telephone Number +977-1-5522800/4477056 (office), +977-9851020292 (mobile) Fax Number +977-1-5521202 [email protected] Email

Web www.carenepal.org Languages of correspondence English/Nepalese

Humanitarian Organization’s Customs Focal Point Organization CARITAS Nepal Name Pravin Tandukar Title Procurement Officer Address Dhobighat, Lalitpur Telephone Number +977-1-5538172 (office) Fax Number +977-1-5538484 Email [email protected] Web www.caritasnepal.org Languages of correspondence English/Nepalese

24/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Humanitarian Organization’s Customs Focal Point Organization CECI Name Rajendra Title Finance and Admin Manager Address GPO Box 2959, Naya Basti Marg, Baluwatar, Kathmandu Telephone Number +977-1-4426791/4426793 (office), +977-9851086530 (mobile) Fax Number +977-1-4413256 [email protected] Email

Web www.ceciasia.org Languages of correspondence English/Nepalese

Humanitarian Organization’s Customs Focal Point Organization Concern World Wide Nepal Name Babu Ram Pathak Title Livelihood Programme Coordiantor Address Telephone Number +977-1-5548040 Fax Number Email [email protected] Web Languages of correspondence English/Nepalese

Humanitarian Organization’s Customs Focal Point Organization DEPROSC Name Pitamber P. Acharya Title Executive Director Address Thapathali, Kathmandu Telephone Number +977-1-4244723 Fax Number +977-1-4262396 [email protected]

Email [email protected]

Web www.deprosc.org.np Languages of correspondence English/Nepalese

Humanitarian Organization’s Customs Focal Point Organization ICRC Name Jivan Thapa Title Fleet Manager Address Telephone Number +977-1-4482285 (office), +977-9851000601 (mobile) Fax Number [email protected] Email

Web Languages of correspondence English/Nepalese

25/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Humanitarian Organization’s Customs Focal Point Organization The Lutheran World Federation Nepal Name Merina Shrestha Title Procurement and Admin Officer Address Telephone Number +977-1-4720217 ext 104 (office), +977-9851024856 (mobile) Fax Number Email [email protected] Web Languages of correspondence English/Nepalese

Humanitarian Organization’s Customs Focal Point Organization Mercy Corps Name Sanjay Karki Hari Shrestha Title Deputy Director Logistics&Procurement Officer Address Sanepa Chowk, Lalitpur, Nepal/PObox 24374 Telephone Number +977-1-5555532/5012571 (office), +977-9851015763 Fax Number +977-1-5554370 Email [email protected] Web http://nepal.mercycorps.org Languages of correspondence English/Nepalese

Humanitarian Organization’s Customs Focal Point Organization Name Raj Pandey Title Deputy Director Address Marg, Kalimati Telephone Number +977-9841487070 Fax Number +977-1-4271915, 4273285 Email [email protected] Web www.nrcs.org Languages of correspondence English/Nepalese

Humanitarian Organization’s Customs Focal Point Organization OXFAM Name K.B. Thapa Title Programme Support Service Manager Address Telephone Number +977-1-5530574/5542881 (office), +977-9851029257 (mobile) Fax Number [email protected] Email

Web Languages of correspondence English/Nepalese

26/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Humanitarian Organization’s Customs Focal Point Organization SAPPROS Name KC Narendra Title Director Address Telephone Number +977-1-5527297 Fax Number Email [email protected] Web Languages of correspondence English/Nepalese

Humanitarian Organization’s Customs Focal Point Organization World Vision International Name Naresh Shrestha Title Admin & Procurement Coordinator Address GPO Box 21969, Kathmandu Telephone Number +977-1-5548877 ext 265 (office), +977-9841414265 Fax Number +997-1-5013570 [email protected] Email

Web http://nepal.wvasiapacific.org Languages of correspondence English/Nepalese

Customs Authority Focal Point Governmental Body Department of Customs Name Mr. Dizar Dev Bhatta Title Director General Address Department of Customs Telephone Number +977-01-4259793 , +977-01-4259915, +977-984-1222977 (mobile) Fax Number +977-0104259 08 Email [email protected] Web: http://www.customs.gov.np Languages of correspondence Nepalese and English

27/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 1.4.3. Customs Information by Entry Points

Entry Point Details 1 Entry Point Location and Type Kathmandu International Airport - Air Name of Customs Officer in Charge / Mr. Chuda Mani Sharma Head of the Customs Office Title Chief Customs Officer Address Tribhuwan International Airport, Kathmandu, Nepal Operating Hours 10:00-17:00 hrs Telephone Number +977-01-4470382 Fax Number +977-01-4474426 Email [email protected] www.customs.gov.np Web

Languages of correspondence Nepalese, English Warehouse

Bonded and non-bonded Custom’s warehousing is available at the Kathmandu Airport.

Storage fees are as follows (1 paisa = 1/100 rupee):

1) 3 paisa per kg/per day - up to 7 days 2) 20 paisa per kg/per day – from 7 up to 30 days 3) 30 paisa per kg/per day – after 30 days

Customs Information and Document Requirements

A.) If the value of the goods is below US$ 1,000, you will need: 1) Original Commercial Invoice(s) 2) Airway Bill 3) Consignor and Consignee details

B.) If the value of the goods is more than US$ 1,000, you will need: 1) Original Commercial Invoice (s) 2) Airway Bill 3) Consignor and Consignee details 4) Proof of how payment was made for purchase (s) 5) If the goods were a donation and not purchased, a request must be made ot the Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare for their endorsement/approval of importation 6) If a request for Custom’s duty exemption will be made, a formal request fo the Minstry of Finance must be submitted along with the endorsement letter from the MoWCSW and Social Welfare Council along with the outlined documents in B. 1-3 above. (See 1.4.1 Sections B, C and D for additional details on the process for obtaining Custom’s duty exemption.)

It normally takes 2 – 3 days to clear Customs at the Kathmandu Airport assuming all documentation is at hand.

Clearing System

Organisations are able to clear their own goods but it is recommended to use a reputable clearing agent. It takes approximately two to three days to clear goods through Customs at the Kathmandu Airport.

28/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Entry Point Details 2 Entry Point Location and Type Mechi Customs Office, Kakadbhitta, Jhapa, Land Name of Customs Officer in Charge / Mr. Gyanuraja Shrestha Head of the Customs Office Title Head of Customs Office Address Mechi Customs Office, Kakadbhitta, Jhapa, Nepal Operating Hours 10am – 5pm Office: +977-23-562036 Telephone Number Res: +977-23-562004 Mobile: +977-9841227145 Fax Number +977-23-562004 Email [email protected] www.customs.gov.np Web

Languages of correspondence Nepalese and English Warehouse

There is no customs warehouse storage at this point of entry.

Customs Information and Document Requirements Same procedures and requirements as above entry points.

Clearing System Organisations are able to clear their own goods but it is recommended to use a reputable clearing agent. Goods can be cleared in 2 – 3 days.

Entry Point Details 3 Entry Point Location and Biratnagar, Rani, Morang – Land Name of Customs Officer in Charge / Mr. Mitra Lal Regmi Head of the Customs Office Title Head of Customs Office Address Biratnagar Custom Office, Rani, Morang, Nepal Operating Hours 0900-1700 hrs Office: +977-21-435843 Telephone Number Res: Mobile: +977-9851024152 Fax Number +977-21-436297 Email [email protected] www.customs.gov.np Web

Languages of correspondence Nepalese and English Warehouse Limited (20-30mt) customs storage is available. There appear to be no clearing agents based at this entry point.

Customs Information and Document Requirements Same as above.

Clearing System Organisations are able to clear their own goods but it is recommended to use a reputable clearing agent. Clearance takes 3-4 days.

29/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Entry Point Details 4 Entry Point Location and Type Birgunj, Inarwa, Parsa – Land Name of Customs Officer in Charge / Mr. Kebal Prasad Bhandari Head of the Customs Office Title Head of Customs Office Address Birgunj Custom Office, Parsa, Birgunj, Nepal Operating Hours 10am – 5pm Office: +977-51-522220 Telephone Number Res: +977-51-527427 Mobile: +977-980-3267594 Fax Number +977-51-522155 Email [email protected] www.customs.gov.np Web

Languages of correspondence Nepalese and English

Warehouse

The Birgunj entry point contains two 1,000 mt bonded warehouses. Private warehouses are also available in Birgunj.

Customs Information and Document Requirements

A new clearing process took effect on November 2, 2009, which automates the clearing process and allows for the pre- clearing of goods. It is strongly recommended to pre-clear the goods to save a potential 4- day delay.

Same procedures and requirements as above entry points.

Clearing System Organisations are able to clear their own goods but it is recommended to use a reputable clearing agent. Clearing of goods takes 2 – 3 days.

Entry Point Details 5 Entry Point Location and Type Dry Port, , Parsa – Land Name of Customs Officer in Charge / Mrs. Pramila Karki Head of the Customs Office Title Chief Customs Officer Address Dry Port Customs Office, Sirsiya, Birgunj, Nepal Operating Hours 10am – 5pm Office: +977-51-621162 Telephone Number Res: Mobile: +977-9851094250 Fax Number +977-51-533323 Email Web Languages of correspondence Nepalese and English Warehouse

The Dry Port has 7,105 sq. mt. of covered bonded customs storage and space for 1,600 seafreight containers. The cargo handling facilities are good for this location with container lifts available. Customs Information and Document Requirements Same procedures and requirements as above entry points.

Clearing System Organisations are able to clear their own goods but it is recommended to use a reputable clearing agent. Clearance time is 2- 3 days.

30/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Entry Point Details 6 Entry Point Location and Type Nepalgunj, Banke – Land Name of Customs Officer in Charge / Mr. Krishna Poudel Head of the Customs Office Title Head of Customs Office Address Nepalgunj Custom Office, Nepalgunj, Banke, Nepal Operating Hours 10am – 5pm Office: +977-81-520276 Telephone Number Res: Mobile: +977-9841265954 Fax Number +977-81-520073 Email Web Languages of correspondence Nepalese and English Warehouse Customs has a small warehouse (20-30mt) for limited use.

Customs Information and Document Requirements Same procedures and requirements as above entry points.

Clearing System Organisations are able to clear their own goods but it is recommended to use a reputable clearing agent. Clearance time is 2 - 3 days.

Entry Point Details 7 Entry Point Location and Type Tatopani, Liping, Sindhupalchowk – Land Name of Customs Officer in Charge / Mr. Chudamani Devkota Head of the Customs Office Title Head of Customs Office Address Tatopani Customs Office, Tatopani, Sindhupalchowk, Nepal Operating Hours 10am – 5pm Office: +977-19-633004 Telephone Number Res: Mobile: +977-9851026154 Fax Number +977-19-633004 Email Web Languages of correspondence Nepalese and English Warehouse Customs has a small warehouse (20-30mt) for limited use. Customs Information and Document Requirements

Same procedures and requirements as above entry points.

Clearing System Organisations are able to clear their own goods but it is recommended to use a reputable clearing agent. Clearance time is 2-3 days.

31/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Entry Point Details 8 Entry Point Location and Type Bhairahawa, Kapilbastu – Land Name of Customs Officer in Charge / Mr. Laxmi Prasad Poudel Head of the Customs Office Title Head of Customs Office Address Bhairahawa Customs Office, Bhairahawa, Kapilbastu, Nepal Operating Hours 10am – 5pm Office: +977-76-520030 Telephone Number Res: +977-76-520413 Mobile: +977-9847167519 Fax Number +977-76-5200073 Email Web Languages of correspondence Nepalese and English Warehouse Large warehouse availble for storage.

Customs Information and Document Requirements Same procedures and requirements as above entry points.

Clearing System Organisations are able to clear their own goods but it is recommended to use a reputable clearing agent. Clearance time is 2-3 days.

32/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 2. Logistics Infrastructure

2.1. Port Assessment

2.1.1. Port of Kolkata, India

(The assessment team’s intinerary did not include a visit the Kolkata Port. As such, this section on the Kolkata port is incomplete. For more details, see the link to the Kolkata Port website: http://www.kolkataporttrust.gov.in/ )

2.1.1.1. Port Overview Nepal is a land-locked country and relies on the Kolkata Port in India for handling practically all of its sea freight imports. Kolkata Port is India's only riverine port with two dock systems - Kolkata Dock System at Kolkata with the oil wharves at Baj Baj and a deepwater dock system at Haldia Dock Complex for seaborne trade. It has sophisticated port and extensive storage facilities for diverse cargo. The container terminal is computerized. Large volumes of humanitarian aid for Nepal passes through the Kolkata Port, such a WFP’s food. For more details see, the Link to Kolkata Port website: http://www.kolkataporttrust.gov.in/

Layout of Kolkata Dock System

33/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Layout plan of N. S. Dock

Layout plan of Haldia Dock Complex

PORT LOCATION & CONTACTS Country India Province and District West Town or City (Closest) Kolkata Port Name Kolkata Latitude 22 degree 32 minute 53 second north Longitude 88 degree 18 minute 05 second east Company / Port Authority Kolkata Port Trust Management Contact and Position +91-2205370,2203451 (ext 201) Chairman

34/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 2.1.1.2. Port Performance

During 2008-09, Kolkata Port (KoPT) handled traffic of 54.05 million tons compared to 57.3 million tons handled in 2007- 08. The decline in traffic is due to the transfer of POL (crude oil) through Paradip-Haldia Pipeline, and a decline in iron ore traffic due to the volatile iron ore market and global economic crisis. During 2008-09, KoPT ranked 5th amongst all Indian Major Ports in respect of volume of traffic handled (1st: Kandla – 72.225 million tons; 2nd: Visakhapatnam - 63.908 million tons; 3rd: Chennai – 57.491 million tons, 4th: JNPT – 57.281 million tons). KoPT ranked second among Indian major ports in coke coal handling during 2008-09. The port handled 5.93 million tons and registered a growth of 8.3 percent, higher than the average growth (7.13 percent) registered by Indian major ports. KoPT handled 429,417 TEUs in 2008-09 compared to 425,405 TEUs in 2007-08. Kolkata Port ranked third among Indian Major Ports in respect to containerized cargo handled. In August 2008 Kolkata Port Trust handled an all time traffic record. By handling 41,379 TEUs, KoPT surpassed its earlier record of 40,220 TEUs handled in February 2008. In August 2008, Kolkata Dock System handled an all time traffic record. By handling 28,128 TEUs it surpassed its earlier record of 27,562 TEUs handled in August 2007

PERFORMANCE FOR YEAR: YEAR 2007-08 YEAR 2008-09 Vessels calls (number of vessels) Kolkata Dock System – 1030, Kolkata Dock System – 1096, Haldia Dock System – 2343, Haldia Dock System – 2399, Kokata port trust – 3373 Kokata port trust – 3495

Kolkata Dock System – 297287, Kolkata Dock System – 302169, Container traffic (TEUs) Haldia Dock System – 128118, Haldia Dock System – 127248, Kokata port trust – 425405 Kokata port trust – 429417 Total cargo handling (metric tonnes) 57.3 million tons 54.05 million tons

Total annual capacity of the port Unspecified Unspecified

Bulk Container Conventional CAPACITY for YEAR: mt / Year TEU’s / Year mt / Year Export activity of the Port Import activity of the port Current yearly import by Humanitarian Organisations (break by organization if possible) through that port Top 1 Organisation Top 2 Organisation Imported for this LCA Country

A storage charge on loaded imported containers carrying relief commodities for CARE, CRS, WFP and others may be charged by Kolkata Port Trust from time to time on the basis of certification by the appropriate Govt. Authority of Central Govt./State Govt. or Govt. of Nepal/Bhutan or their local Consulate General.

Storage Charges on a loaded import container, containing relief commodities, are levied at the following rates:

Storage Charges at Kolkata Port

Period US$ per TEU per day or part Coastal rates in Rs. Per TEU per thereof day or part thereof

First 3 days after the day of loading Free Free

From the 4th day to 9th day 2.25 100.39

From the 10th day to 15th day 4.50 200.79

From the 16th day to 20th day 5.40 240.95

From the 21st day to 30th day 6.75 301.18

From the 31st day onwards 9.00 401.58

35/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 2.1.1.3. Discharge Rates1 KoPT has earlier granted promotional ICD rates for movement of Nepal Bound cargo from KDS. From 12.3.04, Kolkata Port has further calculated the rates for all Nepal bound commodity containers from the existing Rs.6000/- per TEU to Rs.2300/- per TEU for CPY and from Rs.5000/- per TEU to 2000/- per TEU at Non CPY. Link to the relevant tariff/rates web page: http://www.kolkataporttrust.gov.in/

2.1.1.3.1 Pilotage fees

Link to relevant website (e.g. for updates): http://www.kolkataporttrust.gov.in/

Towage and Pilotage of Vessels:

Charges for piloting a vessel from Sandheads to any point in Kolkatta Dock system or Haldia Dock Complex either directly or via any other point during inward journey and back to Sandheads either direct or via any other point during outward journey are levied at the following rates:

Vessel Size Rate per Gross Tonnage Vessel engaged in Foreign Vessel engaged in Coastal Trade ($USD) Trade (Rupees) 1. For GRT up to 30000 a) Coastal vessel plying between - Rs. 11.33 per GRT subject to a Andaman and KOPT only minimum of Rs. 11440 b) Other vessels 64.35 cents subject to a Rs. 11.88 per GRT subject to a minimum of $1,400 minimum of Rs. 26000 2. For GRT above 30000 and up to GRT 60000 a) Coastal vessel plying between - Rs. 339,789 +Rs. 9.06 per GRT Andaman and KOPT only on 30,001 to 60,000 GRT b) Other vessels $19,305 dollars + 51.48 cents Rs. 356,400 +Rs. 9.504 per per GRT on 30,001 to 60,000 GRT on 30,001 to 60,000 GRT GRT 3. For GRT above 60000GRT a) Coastal vessel plying between - Rs. 339,789 +Rs. 9.06 per GRT Andaman and KOPT only on 30,001 to 60,000 GRT b) Other vessels $34,749 dollars + 45.045 cents Rs. 641,520 + Rs. 8.316 per per GRT on GRT above 60,000 GRT on GRT above 60,000

The Pilotage distance to Kolkata is 221 Kms, consisting of 148 kms of river and 75 kms of sea pilotage. The pilotage distance to Haldia is 121 Kms, consisting 46 kms of river and 75 kms of sea pilotage.

The Port maintains a pilot vessel/station at Sagar Roads. The river pilot embarks on inward bound vessels at Middleton Point and proceeds up the river. On arrival at Kolkata (Garden Reach), the river pilot is relieved by a harbour pilot who takes the vessel inside the lock at KPD or NSD or the river mooring as required.

From the lock, the vessel is guided to the nominated berth by a berthing master. For the outward passage the process is reversed. At Haldia the pilot bringing the vessel from Middleton point hands over the vessel at the lock entrance to the berthing master but all vessels bound for oil jetties are taken alongside by the same pilot.

Being a river port with numerous sand bars (shoals), advantage is taken of the rise of tide so as to obtain the maximum draft for shipping. Variation in draft occurs between spring and neap tide and forecast of draft for inward and outward ships are published for Kolkata by the Harbour Master (River) about four/six week in advance. Because of the sharp bends in the river the length of the vessel that can be accommodated at Kolkata is restricted to 172m at Kolkata and 189m at Budge Budge.

The maximum dimensions of vessels accepted at N. S. Dock are 565 ft. LOA and 80 ft. Beam (172m x 24.3m). Keeping in mind shipping trends and safety of port installation it was decided to accept vessels up to 82 ft Beam (25m) provided the length overall of the ship does not exceed 530 ft (162m) on a regular basis. Present dimensions of vessels accepted at Haldia Dock are LOA 240m and beam of 32.26 m. For oil jetties the largest vessels that are accepted at present are LOA 250 m, and beam of 44 m. Tidal bores in the river have been a constraint to shipping for the port. In spring the tidal waves create an onrush, which makes it difficult for a ship to remain in the river. The ships are then given shelter in the docks. The frequency and severity of the bore tide has, however, substantially reduced with the commissioning of the Farakka Barrage.

1 Sections 2.1.1.3 and 2.1.1.4. may help in measuring charges for charter vessels or consignments and dealing with F.F. 36/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 2.1.1.3.2 Tug Services

Link to relevant website (e.g. for updates): http://www.kolkataporttrust.gov.in/

2.1.1.3.3 Mooring Services

Mooring/Anchorage Service

When vessel is moored/anchored at dock buoy/ river mooring or any other mooring/anchorage in KDS/HDC charges at the following rates are levied:

Mooring Service (Rate per operation) Charge (currency indicated) Description of vessel and Rate per GRT per hr. or part Rate per GRT per hr. or part place of occupancy thereof for vessel engaged in thereof for vessel engaged in foreign trade (in USD) costal trade (in Rupees) 1 Vessel moored at any dock buoy $0.12 Rs. 0.02 2 Vessel moored at any river $0.06 Rs. 0.01 mooring/any other mooring 3 Vessel anchored at any river $0.035 Rs. 0.005 anchorage or any other anchorage

2.1.1.3.4 Port and Harbour dues

Vessel Description Rate per GRT Frequency of payment in respect of the same vessel i) Vessel engaged in Foreign trade (in USD) USD $.30 This due is payable on each entry into the port ii) Vessels engaged in Costal trade other than Rs. 8.03 This due is payable on those plying between Andaman and KOPT (in each entry into the port Indian currency) iii) Vessels engaged in Costal trade between Rs. 4.64 This due is payable on Andaman and KOPT(in Indian currency) each entry into the port iv) Vessels entering in ballast and not carrying 75% of the respective This due is payable on passengers rates specified at No (i), (ii) each entry into the port & (iii) above v) Vessels entering for but not discharging or taking 50% of the respective This due is payable on any cargo or Passenger therein (with the rates specified at No (i), (ii) each entry into the port exception of such unshipment and/or reshipment & (iii) above as may be necessary for purpose of repair) vi) Vessels attending at Sandheads for lighterage 25% of the respective This due is payable on operation rates specified at No (i), (ii) each entry into the port & (iii) above

Note:

1) For oil tankers with segregated ballast the reduced gross tonnage that is indicated in the “Remarks” column of the international Tonnage Certificate will be taken to be its gross tonnage for the purpose of levy of Port dues. 2) LASH Vessel making a “Second Call” to pick up empty LASH barges shall not be charged any Port dues 3) In case of vessel visiting both KDS and HDC 50% of the applicable port dues shall be payable both at KDS and HDC

Vessel Description (rate = 100 GRT or part thereof Charge (indicate currency) All vessels other than those exempted

37/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05

2.1.1.3.5 Dockage, Buoyage and Anchorage

Vessel Description (Rates = per GRT/per hour) Charge (indicate currency) Vessels at quays, wharves or jetties $0.25 USD subject to a minium of $6.00 per hour Vessel engaged in foreign trade: USD $0.12 Vessels at buoys or Ro-Ro vessels berthed stern to quay Vessel engaged in coastal trade: Rs. 0.02 Vessel engaged in foreign trade: USD $0.035 Vessels at anchorage; except at Port Convenience Vessel engaged in coastal trade: Rs. 0.005

2.1.1.3.6 Supply of Fresh water

Vessel Description (Rates = per tonne) Charge (indicate currency) Via shore hydrants $ 5.60 USD per 1000 liters In stream (including towage of Barge) 7 USD per 1000 liters

2.1.1.3.7 Laying up of Vessels

Vessel Description (Rates = per ton) Charge (indicate currency) Via shore hydrants In stream (including towage of Barge)

2.1.1.4. Charges for General Services

The information on rates is taken from the document “Kolkata Port Trust, Scale of Rates, General”, which contains a wide range of information on rates and regulation of charges at the Port of Kolkata. The document can be found in the supporting documents to this LCA.

Charges for Miscellaneous Services rendered to container/container vessel. Services Rates in Rs. Per TEU 1. Shifting of containers on board via quay head 630.00 Note: For use of port equipment additional charge at SI. No 5 and 8, as the case may be, shall be levied 2. Transportation of container by port equipment for operation not included in any charge under Section 13:- a) Within same berth 270.00 b) Between two berths 360.00 3 Supply of power to Reefer Container 135.00 per 4 hrs or part thereof 4 Lift on/Lift off/Re-stacking by port equipment not included in the services 324.00 mentioned at S.13 or any other services under S.14. 5 Use of Port equipment (other than Mobile Harbour Crane/ Rail Mounted Quay 432.00 Crane) for ship/barge to shore discharge or vice-versa. or for any other on board operation. 6 Stuffing /De-stuffing (i). Where operation inside & outside container is done by port:- (a). Where CDLB gang is required to be booked. 2700.00 (b). Where CDLB gang is not required to be booked and operation inside 270.00 and outside is done by Port labor. (ii). Where operation inside container is done by agencies other than by port: - (a). Operations outside container are carried out by port. 900.00 (b). Operations outside the container are done by agencies other than 112.50 Port (iii). Where operation inside the container only is done by port (in part or full). 135.00 For services provided to Container loaded with Hazardous -I cargo including 900.00 deployment of fireman in addition to other charges. Use of Rail Mounted Quay Crane (RMQC)/Mobile Harbour Crane (MHC) 750.00 for ship/barge to shore discharge or vice-versa or for any other operation. Use of Mobile Harbor Crane (MHC)/ Rail Mounted Quay Crane (RMQC)/ 2000.00 any other port equipments for opening of Hatch Cover and replacing it.

38/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 2.1.1.4.1 Hire of Labour and Equipment See table on previous page

Service (Per hour of part thereof) Charge (indicate currency) Floating Crane, incl. of minimum crew and exclusive of towage Above 30 tonne cap.) Rs. 30,000.00/shift excl crew Mobile Crane more than 5 tonnes inclusive of driver Rs. 3,000.00 / shift Mobile Crane less than 5 tonnes or equal inclusive of driver Rs. 3,000.00 / shift VIP launch inclusive of crew Pilot boat inclusive of crew Fire appliance inclusive of minimum crew Rs. 2,000.00 / hour + consumables at cost Tipper truck or flatbed lorry inclusive of driver Forklift or Tractor more than 5 tonnes inclusive of driver Forklift or Tractor less than 5 tonnes or equal of inclusive of driver Rs. 1,000.00 / shift Van, Pick-up or Saloon Car inclusive of driver Management or supervisory staff Skilled staff: e.g. Crane or Forklift Driver, Artisan, Firemen or Clerk Semi-skilled staff: e.g. Labourers, Watchman

2.1.1.4.2 Berthing equipment specifications 1. K.P. Docks: 18 Berths, 6 Buoys/ Moorings and 3 Dry Docks 2. N.S. Docks: 10 Berths, 2 Buoys/ Moorings and 2 Dry Docks 3. Budge River Moorings: 6 Petroleum Wharves

Link to current port berthing details web page: http://www.kolkataporttrust.gov.in

PORT SPECIFICATIONS Kolkata Dock System TOTAL BERTHS: Quantity Length (m) Draft (m) Conventional Berths 14 Container Berths 4 183m - 225m Bulk Oil Jetties 3 236m – 275m Cased Oil Jetties Bulk Cement Berths Lighterage & Dhow (other) Wharves Explosives Jetty Berthing Tugs & Mooring Boats Pilot Boats Water Barges

Police Boats Anti-pollution Boats Speed Boats

39/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 2.1.1.4.3 General Services

Narrative Service (Per day of part thereof) Charge (indicate currency) Bagging plant operators, per unit of plant Vacuvators, per unit of plant Bunker Supplier Bunkering Agent Barge operator, per barge Fresh Water suppliers (road tankers) Ship Contractors Ship Chandlers Safety equipment supplier & service Marine Contractors Scrap Metal Dealers Ship Watchmen Supplier Marine Engineer Marine Surveyor Ship Surveyor Cargo Surveyor Sludge Collector Small Boat Operator

2.1.1.4.4 Port Cargo Handling Equipment

In the table below find the Port Cargo Handling Equipment for Kolkata Port: KOLKATA DRY DOCK PORT CARGO EQUIPMENT (OPERATIONAL) Appliance Quantity Capacity Facility for the N.S. Dry Dock # 1&2 Crane 1 - ELL Crane 25 T at 18.25 mtr radius 2 - electric cranes 3/6 T

1 - electric crane 3 T Capstan 4 - electro-oil hydraulic capstan 7 T Power supply 1000 amp for both dry docks Unfiltered water Adequate Filtered water Adequate 170 nos. + 36 nos. Trimmer blocks (at Keel Blocks NSDD – 1) & 175 nos. (at NSDD – 2) Facility for the K.P.Dry Dock No. 1,2&3 Capstan 6 nos. Electro- Oil Hydraulic capstan Unfiltered water Adequate Crane One.no ELL Craine 5 T at 20mtr radius Power supply 500 amp AC + 200 amp DC Keel Blocks 184 nos. Facility for the K.P.Dry Dock 2 Crane 1 - ELL Crane 5 T at 25.42 mtr radius Power supply 500 amp AC + 200 amp DC Keel Blocks 138 nos. Facility for the K.P.Dry Dock 3 Power supply 500 amp AC + 200 amp DC Keel Blocks 125 nos.

40/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 2.1.1.5. Container Facilities Kolkata Dock System (KDS) KDS comprises the impounded dock systems at Kidderpore Dock (KPD), and Netaji Subhas Dock (NSD), Kolkata, Petroleum Wharves at Budge Budge and Anchorages at Saugor, Diamond Harbour and Sandheads. Both the dock systems of Kolkata Port are impounded in nature with vessels making ingress/egress through the lock entrances, having access to the river. A large number of ship breaking berths are also available at KDS (KPD & NSD), subject to restrictions of length and beam.

Containers are handled in Haldia using ship’s equipment operated by port workers. Movement between the quay and the container packing yard is carried out by port-owned tractor trailers and/or by private operators appointed by the shipping companies or the agents. Handling at the parking yard is done by port transfer crane or private equipment. HDC presently handles 7 percent of the total container throughput of Kolkata port and the rest is handled at the Kolkata Dock System. The major line container operators at Kolkata Port include American President Lines, Shipping Corporation of India, Ceylon Shipping Corporation, Hapag Llyod, Everett, Gold Star, Nedlloyd, Maersk, Mitsui O.S.K., Neptune Orient Line, Yanming, United Arab Shipping, P&O Containers Ltd., Evergreen Marine Corporation, Mediteranean Shipping Corporation, Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha Ltd., NYK Lines, Veb Deutfracht Seereedere Rostok, Fil Container Services, Compagnie Maritime Affreightment, Seven Star Lines, Frata Container Lines, Lloyd Triestino di Navigation, Compagnie General Maritime, Hanjin, Choyang, Hyundai, Be Line, NSCSA, Euroasia, Samuderi , Myanmar Lines Nor Asia, Cho Yang and Han Jin.

Vessel operators at Kolkata are American Presiden Lines, Lines, Sea Consortium, Meng Horne Shipping and Aamp Myanmar lines. Kolkata is linked with Inland Container Depots at Amingaon (Guwahati), Tughlakabad, Ludhiana, Wadi Bundar (), Baleswar etc. ISO containers are also being moved CONCOR from Kolkata to non ICD destinations at , Ongul.

CONTAINER FACILITIES 20ft (TEUs) 40ft (FEUs) Container facilities Yes Yes Daily off-take capacity No of containers/day Container Freight Stations (CFS) Yes Yes 2 CFCs in KDS One managed by CONTINENTAL Warehousing Number of CFS Corporation Ltd (CWCL) is about 53,000 sq. m with capacity of 18,000 TEUs annually Capacity of CFS No of containers/day Refrigerated Container Stations Yes Yes Number of Stations (connection points)

2.1.1.6. General Cargo Handling Berths

Narrative General Cargo - Imports Berths Imports – Bagged Cargo Exports – Bagged Cargo Imports – Steel Goods Imports & Exports – Ro-Ro Imports – Vehicles Others Imports

2.1.1.6.1 Oil Handling Terminal

Oil Jetty 1, Oil Jetty 2, Oil Jetty 3

Oil Jetty 1 handles POL, paraxylene, liquid ammonia, chemicals, LPG, naphtha, benzene, butadiene, Py Gas, MO Gas, butane, FO, bitumen, etc. It has direct pipeline connections to user industries. Apart from the above, a facility of receiving slop/ballast water is also available.

Oil Jetty 2 handles crude and POL products (SKO, HSD, naptha, and FO) and has direct pipeline connection to user industries having five rotary counter weighted marine arms owned by HDC. Apart from the above facility of receiving slop/ballast, water is also available.Oil Jetty 3 handles crude and POL (HSD, SKO and MS) and has direct pipeline connections to IOCL refineries at Barauni and Haldia. Also, there are direct pipeline connections from Oil Jetty 3 to the storage facility of Reliance Industries Limited at Haldia.

41/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 All the three terminals are equipped with adequate fire fighting facilities. In addition, facilities for handling Class-B POL are available at Berth No. 3 inside the impounded dock. POL is also handled at two riverine barge jetties, having a total capacity of 0.5 million tons per annum.

2.1.1.6.2 Multipurpose Terminal

Multipurpose Berths: No. 4B, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 2 & 13 Berth Nos. 6 & 7 have pipeline discharge facilities. There is ample area outside the dock for setting up tank-farms in close proximity to the Finger Jetty. Berth Nos. 4B, 8 & 9 have direct rail connectivity to their respective back-up areas. Two covered transit sheds are located behind Berth No. 9 and the main canteen of the G.C. berth respectively. An extensive cargo back-up hardstand area is available behind Berth No. 4B. Berth 12 is under license agreement with TMILL. The length of berth is 220 m and width of15.63 m, with back-up storage space of 14,000 square meters, covered space of 3,000 square meters with gantry crane, one mobile harbor crane of 100 MT capacity for handling bulk, break bulk and containers.

2.1.1.6.3 Grain / Bulk Handling

Berths 6, 7 are utilized for Break Bulk, Dry Bulk & Liquid Bulk cargo

2.1.1.6.3.1 Main Silo Terminal

Narrative

2.1.1.6.3.2 Main storage terminal

Storage facilities at KDS are well matched with the cargo handling facilities. Most of the berths in KDS have covered sheds along with the back-up operational area. This ensures safe, damage-free storage of consignments passing through the Port. Berthwise specifications are given below. For more information see: http://kolkataporttrust.gov.in/

Storage Facilities at HDC Inside Custom Bonded Area Transit Shed 25,040 sq. m. Hardstand 105,000 sq. m. Available bare land 787,840 sq. m. Outside Custom Bonded Area Existing Liquid 193,500 kiloliters Existing Dry Bulk/Container Storage etc. 109,950 sq. m. Available Storage area 732,240 sq. m.

2.1.1.6.3.3 Bagging – Grain Handling

Narrative

2.1.1.7. Stevedoring

2.1.1.7.1 Conventional Cargo

Other Services Charge (indicate currency) Mail per bag, or ships stores per package Returning empty bags Repairs in the breakage room per package Crated animals, per cubic meter of crate Animals handled by sling Animals walked on/off board

Hatch and other than standard freight

42/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Stevedoring – Large Packaged Articles Charge (indicate currency) From 12 DWT to 40 DWT Rs. 90.00 / tonne or part thereof Over 40 DWT Rs. 225.00/ tonne or part thereof

2.1.1.7.2 Containerised cargo

The Annual Container throughput at KDS in 2008-2009 was 297,287 TEUs. The stacking area is 110,000 sq.m.along with a CFS measuring 9,000 sq.m. The container park and adjourning facilities are served by modern container handling equipment, including four rubber-tyred gantry cranes, 40 heavy duty tractors, 10 reach stackers, reefer facilities of ground slot for 144 TEus. The terminal has a dedicated on-line computer system.

Containerised Cargo Handling Charges (TEUs) in Rupees (FEUs) Discharge, loading, shifting within the hold or shifting on 1980.00 deck without landing Containers handled via a conventional ship Containers handled on a Ro-Ro basis Empty containers 405.00 Transhipment containers, overland containers, containers shipped & re-landed or landed & re-shipped or shifted from hold to hold

Narrative Stripping or Stuffing of Containers (TEUs) (FEUs) Stripping or Stuffing Stripping and re-stuffing transhipment cargo

2.1.1.7.3 Other container handling services

Narrative Other Container Handling Charges (TEUs) (FEUs) Cover or pontoons which can be lifted using a standard

ISO twist lock spreader Other cover or pontoon Transfers to/from the Container Terminal Other transfers within the terminal are not charged Handling of empty containers at ICD's Reefer containers plugged onto reefer points 135.00 / 4 hrs. Storage of import empty containers from two days after arrival or empty export containers from date of loading Storage of full import containers from date of arrival

2.1.1.7.4 Labour Ordering, Cancellation and Delay

Link to relevant website (e.g. for updates): http://kolkataporttrust.gov.in/

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2.1.1.8.1 Conventional Cargo

Narrative Conventional Cargo (Rate per tonne or part thereof) Charge (indicate currency) Direct discharge/loading of imports/exports Crude Petroleum Oil Imports Other Liquid Bulk Imports Other Imports Liquid Bulk Exports/Bunkering Other Exports

Narrative Conventional Cargo (Rate per tonne or part thereof) Charge (indicate currency) Import Cargo Handled at ICD's Export Cargo Handled at ICD's Shut-out Cargo removed from the Port Fumigation of Cargo Palletising/pre-slinging in the Port on request Dangerous Cargo

Narrative Conventional Cargo (Rate per tonne or part thereof) Charge (indicate currency) From 14 DWT to 40 DWT Over 40 DWT Hire of a gang

2.1.1.8.2 Containerised cargo

Narrative

Shore Handling Charges (TEUs) (FEUs) Import Containers Export Containers Stripping & re-stuffing for customs verification Stripping & re-stuffing of un-nominated or shut-out export cargo Stripping or re-stuffing of containers taken to Customs

Warehouse

Narrative Shore Handling charges Charge (indicate currency) Ten day removal charges, or transfer within the Port, or transfer to Customs Import Containers handled at the Inland Container Depots Exports Containers handled at the Inland Container

Depots

Narrative

Domestic FCL Container Charges (TEUs) (FEUs) First ? consecutive days Per day thereafter After the ? st day and thereafter

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Railtainer Imports to ICD’s Charges (TEUs) (FEUs) First? consecutive days Per day thereafter After the ? st day and thereafter

Transit FCL Import Container Charges (TEUs) (FEUs) First ? consecutive days Per day thereafter

Transhipment Container Charges (TEUs) (FEUs) First ? consecutive days Per day thereafter

Domestic FCL Export Container Charges (TEUs) (FEUs) First ? consecutive days Per day thereafter

Empty Container Charges (TEUs) (FEUs) Imports – First ? consecutive days Imports – Per day thereafter Exports – First ? consecutive days Exports – Per day thereafter

Dangerous Cargo Charges (TEUs) (FEUs) From day of landing

Out-of-Gauge Container Charges (TEUs) (FEUs) First ? consecutive days Per day thereafter

FCL Containers of Unknown Status Charges (TEUs) (FEUs) From day of landing

Link to relevant website (e.g. for updates): http://

45/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 2.1.1.9. Clearing Agents2

Company Name & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Address Name: Binod Jain Title: Tel1: +91-9830281543 Hanuman Roadways Email: Tel2: Kolkata [email protected] Fax: m

Used by WFP

Company Name & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Address Concor Eastern Regional Office Name: Tel1: +977-9835644986 HSCO House 6th Floor, 50 Title: Tel2: Chowringhee Road, Kolkata Email: Fax: 71

Summary of Role and Services:

Company Name & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Address Name: Tel1: Title: Tel2: Email: Fax:

2.2. Airport Assessment

2.2.1. Civil Aviation

The Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal (CAAN) was established as an autonomous regulatory body on 31 December 1998 under the Civil Aviation Act, 1996. CAAN has been set up with the objective of making aviation safe, regular, standard and efficient. Its primary goal is to ensure flight safety and sustainability of civil aviation. It has the responsibilities of constructing, operating and maintaining airports. It also must equip the airports with necessary communications and navigational facilities.

The following airlines fly regular international and domestic passenger flights within Nepal:

India Airlines GMG Airlines Gorkha Airlines Air China Gulf Air ArkeFly Jet Airways Bahrain Air JetLite Biman Bangladesh Airlines Korean Air Nepal Air China Southern Airlines Oman Air DragonAir PIA Drukair Qatar Airways Etihad Airways SilkAir Emirates Thai Airways International Flydubai

2 Further Clearing Agents / Freight Forwarders in annex 46/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 2.2.1.1. Overview

Authority & Address Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Name: : Keshav Raj Khanal Civil Aviation Authority of Title: Director General Tel1: +977-14262387 Nepal, Babarmahal, Email: Tel2: +977-14262326 www.caanepal.org.np Kathmandu, Nepal [email protected] Fax: +977-1-4262516

Summary of Role and Services: Permitting operation Airworthiness, certification and manpower licensing/rating Regulating airtransport, air navigation services (ATM/CNS) and aerodromes as per ICAO SARPs. Constructing, operating and maintaining airports Equipping and maintaining airports with necessary communication and navigational facilities

2.2.1.2. Procedures for Foreign Registered Aircraft

In Nepal, the following requirements need to be applied, presented and approved before foreign registered aircraft are pre-positioned:

For regular international scheduled flights operated by foreign airlines into or in transit across Nepal, the following requirements must be met: a. The airline must be a party of the International Air Services Transit Agreement and/or the International Air Transport Agreement. Nepal is a party to the International Air Services Transit Agreement. b. The airline must be eligible to make the flights under the provisions of a bilateral or multilateral agreement to which the State of the airline and Nepal are contracting parties and must have a permit to operate into or in transit across Nepal. Applications for such permits must be made in writing and must reach the Director General of Civil Aviation Authority at least of 60 working days before the applicable date. c. For the amendments to the schedule or revisions of the scheduled flight, the request for amendment revisions shall be submitted at least 7 working days before the applicable date of change.

Over-flights a. Advance notification and permission from the Civil Aviation Authority is necessary, subject to the terms of the Convention on International Civil Aviation, . b. In all other cases, requests for operation of flights must be sought and obtained through diplomatic means from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Kingdom of Nepal.

Non-Traffic or Technical Landings The same procedures as for over-flights apply. Operators should schedule their arrivals and departures within the operational hours of the airport. Prior coordination is required if outside normal working hours.

Traffic Landings and Uplifts All non-scheduled flights are subject to prior approval. Applications for approval to operate such flights shall be submitted either by letter or AFS or Facsimile or telex to:

Director General Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal Babarmahal, Kathmandu Nepal AFS : VNKTYAYX Tele-fax: +977-1-262516 Telex : 2553 DCA NP E-mail : [email protected]

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Commercial Flights All applications must be made in writing and must reach the Director General, Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal at least 15 working days prior to the aircraft's arrival or departure from Nepal. If insufficient notice is given, the application shall not be considered.

Only the operator may apply for permission to operate a non-scheduled flight. The permit will be granted in the name of the operator. In applying for a permit for charter flights, a copy of the Aircraft Charter Contract is to be submitted together with the following details: 1. Name, address and nationality of operator / owners 2. Name, address and business of charterer 3. Type, registration mark, maximum all up weight and maximum seating capacity of aircraft and tyre pressure 4. Name of Pilot-in-Command and number of crew, nationality 5. Nature of flight including details whether the flight is to carry passengers or cargo or both.

Private Flights Advance notification of arrival is required and permission must be submitted to the Director General, Civil Aviation at least 7 days in advance of the arrival date. Required documents are the same as for scheduled flights.

2.2.2. Main Airport

Airport Name & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Management Name: Title: Tel1: http://www.tiairport.com.np/ Tribhuvan International Email: Tel2: oldsite/ Airport Kathmandu [email protected] Fax:

Summary of Role and Services: Tribhuvan, the sole international airport in Nepal contains two terminals, one domestic and one international. These facilities include a few shops and cafes and the international terminal has several duty-free shops. The Radisson Hotel Kathmandu operates an executive lounge for first and passengers for different airlines and Thai Airways International operates a business lounge for its business class passengers as well as Star Alliance Gold card holders. A recent extension to the international terminal has made the distance to the airplanes shorter. At present, about 28 international airlines connect Nepal to various other destinations in Asia and the Middle East. The airport is in the Kathmandu Valley and is about six kilometres from the Kathmandu city center.

2.2.2.1. General Overview

LOCATION DETAILS Country Nepal Latitude 27° 41' 47.70" N Province / District Central / Kathmandu Longitude 085° 21' 32.76" E Town or City (closest) Kathmandu Elevation (ft) 4,390 ft. Tribhuvan International Asphalt , 54 F/A/W/T Airfield Name Surface Airport IATA & ICAO codes TIA / VNKT Condition Good Runway Length (m) 3,050 m Runway Width (m) 30 m Orientation 02/20 Lighting Yes No International airport Yes No Open from/to (hours) 00:00 TO 24:00

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2.2.2.2. Performance

The government and CAAN are keen to be more flexible on increasing air seats and frequencies. Nepal has so far reached air service agreements and MOUs with 35 countries. Bilateral agreements with Qatar, Thailand, India and China are in the process of review. Recently the government has concluded agreements with and Bahrain. CAAN is committed to cooperate with the Government for the maximum utilization of seats.

Performance Year(s) and figures Based on the Nepal Civil Aviation Report 2008 2003 – 7,508 aircraft 2004 – 9,062 aircraft 2005 – 12,169 aircraft 2006 – 11,057 aircraft Total aircraft movements 2007 – 11,899 aircraft 2008 – 14,276 aircraft

During 2009 the average flight movement per day was 130 flights including 10-15 international aircraft landings.

Based on the Nepal Civil Aviation Report 2008 2003 – 1,000,101 2004 – 1,140,660 2005 – 1,251,962 Total passengers 2006 – 1,383,041 2007 – 1,627,053 2008 – 1,830,630 On average, in 2009, there were 5,750 incoming passengers per day. Current monthly use by Humanitarian flights (UNHAS) UNHAS does not have operations in Nepal at the moment.

2.2.2.3. Cargo Capacity Because TIA was emerging as a main import/export interface for international trade, a study was conducted by the Asian Development Bank in 1995. The study resulted in the preparation of a TIA Master Plan for the years 2000, 2005 and 2015. In respect of the existing cargo building, the major problem addressed and taken into account during the formulation of the master plan was the 'scattered and inadequate cargo facilities at three different locations'. Total floor area covered by these three facilities stood only at 3500 sq. meters. Therefore, in view of problems with cargo safety, cargo building capacity and cargo handling management, the construction of a centralized Air Cargo Complex was inevitable. The new cargo facilities were put into operation in 2001 offering a total of 10,200 square meters of indoor storage.

Capacity Cargo Year(s) and figures Approximately 95% of all commercial air cargo arrives by Total of all aircraft cargo passenger aircraft. There are approximately 12 dedicated air cargo flights per year. Ground level 7,700 square meters Total capacity of the airport (metric tonnes) Second level 2,500 square meters Total 10,200 square meters 2003 – 15,585 MT 2004 – 12,801 MT 2005 – 13,151 MT 2006 – 13,110 MT Current activity of the airport (metric tonnes) 2007 – 13,883 MT 2008 – 13,111 MT 2009 – 10,800 MT (estimated (Based on the Nepal Civil Aviation Report 2008)

Current monthly use by Humanitarian flights (UNHAS) UNHAS does not have operations in Nepal at the moment.

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2.2.2.4. Airfield details

AIRFIELD DETAILS Customs Yes No JET A-1 fuel Yes No Immigration Yes No AVGAS 100 Yes No Terminal building Yes No Single point refueling Yes No Passenger terminal Yes No Starter units (press air) Yes No Cargo terminal Yes No Ground power (mobile) Yes No Pax transport to airfield Yes No Crash crew Yes No Control tower Yes No Aircraft support services Yes No Weather facilities Yes No Latrine servicing Yes No Catering services Yes No Fire fighting Yes No Base Operating room Yes No Fire fighting category (ICAO) Category: VIII Airport radar Yes No Fire fighting equipment Yes No NDB Yes No De-icing equipment Yes No VOR Yes No IFR procedures Yes No ILS Yes No Runway lights Yes No Approach lights Yes No Parking ramp lighting Yes No

2.2.2.4. Runway

RUNWAY 02 Published length (metres) 3,050 3,050 meters Usable length (metres) 3,050 meters Width (metres) 45/150 feet Orientation 02/20 Surface ASPHALT

RUNWAY 20 Published length (metres) 2,928 meters

Usable length (metres) 2,928 meters Width (metres) 45 meters/150 feet Orientation 02/20 Surface ASPHALT

2.2.2.5. Helicopter Pad(s)*

HELIPAD Present Yes No Largest helicopter that can land No restrictions Width and Length (metres) Apron area provided for parking, no restrictions Surface Concrete (PCN 53 RV/W/T)

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2.2.2.6. Airport Operating Details

The following handling equipment is available at TIA: Tow bars: for B707, B727, B747, DC-10, A300, A310, A320. Other aircraft types must supply their own. Forklifts: 1x 10mt Clark; 1x 2mt Clark, 1x 3mt Clark Platforms: 2 x Ruthmann scissors lift (14 meters) High loaders: 1 x 7mt BMA high loader; 1 x 7mt Souam transporter; max pallet size: 96”x125”, 7 mt capacity Conveyor belts: 5 Nordco belt loaders (166”) and 2 Diethelm belt loaders (166”)

AIRPORT OPERATING DETAILS Max size cargo aircraft that bulk cargo can be offloaded A340, B777 Max size palletised cargo aircraft that can be offloaded A340, B777, B747* Total parking size (m²) Space for 9 medium and wide-body aircraft. Storage capacity (sq. meters) 10,200 square meters of cargo storage Cargo handling equipment Yes No See narrative above. Yes No Max. capacity (tons): 7mt Elevators Can reach the upper deck of a B747?: Yes No Yes Loading ramps

*While only a few B747 aircraft have landed at the airport, they were not being used as cargo aircraft. This is due to the short runway.

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2.2.2.7. Costs – Airfield Charges

LANDING FEE CHARGES (US$) Aircraft Weight – MTOW Landing Navigation Parking Night Landing Over-Flight (kg)

After 6pm add $15 meteorlogy 20% of NAV 0 – 10,000 $1.25/1000 kg $45.90 $1/1000kg chg for takeoff charge (excl and landing. VAT)

After 6pm add 10,001 – 25,000 $12.25 + $15 meteorology 20% of NAV $45.90 $1/1000kg $2.50/1000 kg chg for take off charge (excl and landing. VAT)

After 6pm add $15 for

meteorology 20% of NAV 25,001 – 50,000 $49.00 + $76.50 $1/1000kg charge for charge (excl $1.25/1000 kg takeoff and VAT) landing.

After 6pm add

$15 for 50,000 – meteorology $140.50 for first 100,000kg = 20% of NAV charge for 50,000 kg + $152.75 $49 for first charge (excl 50,001 – 75,000 takeoff and $6.00/1000 kg 50,000kg + VAT) landing. $1.05/1000kg

After 6pm add

$15 for 50,000 – $ 293.25 for first meteorology 20% of NAV 75,001 – 100,000 $ 305.50 100,000kg = 75,000 kg + charge for charge (excl $49 for first $7.35/1000 kg takeoff and VAT) 50,000kg + landing. $1.05/1000kg

After 6pm add

$15 for 20% of NAV $475.00 for first meteorology $122.25 for first charge (excl 100,000 kg + $ 305.50 charge for Above 100,000 100,000kgs. VAT) $8.55/1000 kg takeoff and After 100,000 - landing. $1.95/1000 kg

Note: Based on max take- off weight. For Note: prices domestic exclusive of 13% Based on all up operators 40% VAT. Add 20% for weight (kg). of landing charter flight. charge is payable as NAV Charge

52/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 2.2.2.8. Costs – Aircraft Handling Charges AIRCRAFT HANDLING CHARGES US$ Aircraft weight – MTOW Technical stop - (kg) Transit stop - within Turn around within 3 within 1 hour Beyond 3 hours 1.30 hour departure hour turnaround Up to 6,000 6,001 – 10,000 10,001 – 15,000 236 443 590 738 15,001 – 20,000 354 664 885 1,107 20,001 – 35,000 600 1,125 1,500 1,875 35,001 – 50,000 900 1,688 2,250 2,813 50,001 – 70,000 1,380 2,588 3,450 4,313 70,001 – 100,000 1,560 2,925 3,900 4,875 100,001 – 140,000 1,610 3,019 4,025 5,032 Conventional type 140,001 – 190,000 1,720 3,225 4,300 5,375 Conventional type 100,001 – 160,000 wide body 2,530 4,744 6,325 7,907 160,001 – 200,000 wide body 2,780 5,213 6,950 8,688 200,0001 – 250,000 wide 3,080 5,775 7,700 9,625 body 250 001 and above wide body 3,680 6,900 9,200 11,500

2.2.2.9. Costs - Aircraft Servicing Charges

AIRCRAFT SERVICING CHARGES Service Ad Hoc/US$ Pallet Handling Charge Per aircraft $30-40 Cargo Per kg $2/container Chocks Per operation $5 Stairs Per unit per hour Included into handling charges GPU Per hour $75-130 ASU Per hour $100-165 Loader Per hour $10-60 Toilet Service Per aircraft $45-90 Pushback Per operation $150-300 Trailer Per operation Included into handling charges Traffic Handling Per operation Included into handling charges Check-in Per aircraft Included into handling charges Documents Per aircraft $80-370

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2.2.2.10. Costs – Cargo Terminal Charges COST CARGO TERMINAL CHARGES Import Rate US$ / mt Handling charge per kg $6-7 Break bulk fee N/A Diplomatic mail $0.7 Strong room – per consignment N/A Cold storage fee N/A Delivery outside normal working hours $8/trip Preparation of substitute AOA – Invoice – Receipt $7-10 below 100 kg $5-6 mt/day for one month and above one month $10-12 Storage per kg per day – Grace period? Hours mt/day Export Rate US$ / mt Handling charges – Unpalletized cargo $50/box International Air Waybill $2-5 Local Air Waybill $20 Air Waybill Amendment – Cancellation Only air waybill fee Air Waybill Documentation $40-45 Diplomatic Mail $6-7 Storage charges per mt per day $4-5

2.2.2.11. Costs – Air-bridge Charges Not applicable

2.2.2.12. Costs – Fuel Services Charges All avaiation fuel is handled by Nepal Oil Company. See section 3.1.4 for costs of aviation fuels.

2.2.2.13. Security SECURITY Good Marginal Bad

2.2.2.14. Storage facilities In addition to the 10,200 sq. meters of covered warehouse space available at the cargo terminal, there is a 335 sq. meter hanger and additional ground space for the placement of portable warehouses such as Rubbhall/Wiikhalls along the old runway.

TIA Air Cargo Complex

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2.2.2.15. Ground Handling Companies Currently the Departure Control Systems (DCS) is being operated and managed by the airlines themselves and\or the Ground Handling Agent(s) at Tribhuvan International Airport (TIA) in Kathmandu. Tribhuvan International Airport Civil Aviation Office (TIACAO) intends to install and commission a Common Use Terminal Equipment (CUTE) Systems at TIA in the near future.

Aircraft Handling Cargo handling Passenger Handling Air India and Thai Airlines handle their own cargo. All other airlines utilize for their cargo. Contact: Nepal Airlines NAC Building, Kantipath Kathmandu, Nepal Air India and Thai Airlines handle their Air India handles their own aircraft as Tel No:+977- 4220757/ own passengers. All other airlines does Thai Airlines. Nepal Airlines 4248614/4244055/4248617 utilize Nepal Airlines for their manages aircraft handling for all other Fax: +977-01-4225348 passenger handling. airlines and their own. Email: [email protected]

Toll Free No: 16600110787 Attn: Mr Kanchan Tilminsena Tribhuvan International Airport Nepal Airlines Mobile no. +977-9851069010

2.2.3. National Airports & Airfields Being primarily mountainous and secondly due to its landlocked situation, Nepal relies heavily on the national aviation system. National airports are usually operated in quite limited capacity and built for medium/small types of aircraft. The largest national airports are Tribhuvan Airport in Kathmandu, Pohkara, Biratnagar, , Nepalgunj and Tenzing Hillary ().

Pohkara

Pokhara, the most popular tourist destination after Katmandu, lies about 200km west of the Kathmandu Valley. The airport, the second busiest after TIA, has already served as a base for helicopters to render charter flights to tourists as well as to remote destinations. It offers regular connections to Kathmandu, Jomsom and seasonal connections to Manang. It takes 30 minutes by air to reach from Kathmandu. The airport does not operate night lighting for landing and and can only function during the day time. Parking space is available for a maximum of eight small aircraft. The airport does not have a storage facility and any cargo would be stored in the open parking area. The airport has a capacity of, on average, 60 movements (landings/take-offs) per day with 120 persons per hour. The airport has a domestic emergency coordination plan with a Rapid Intervention Vehicle (RIV) and fire brigade.

LOCATION DETAILS Country Nepal Latitude 28°12′03″N Province / District Western/ Kashki Longitude 83°58′55″E Town or City (closest) Pokhara Elevation (ft) 2712 ft. Airfield Name Pokhara Surface Asphalt IATA & ICAO codes PKR/VNPK Condition Good Runway Length (m) 1,433 m Runway Width (m) 30 m Orientation 04/22 Lighting Yes No

55/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Biratnagar

Biratnagar Airport serves as the hub of the Eastern Development Region. This domestic airport stands first in terms of passenger movement. CAAN is planning to develop this airport as a regional hub capable to operate medium sized jet airplanes like the . The runway length of is 1,524 meters, equipped with night lights. The airport is able to receive about eight aircraft (three ATR’s and five Twin-engine). Aircraft the size of a Fokker 100 can land at this airport.

The Biratnagar airport supports six STOL (short take-off and landing) airports: Taplejung, Bhojpur, Phaplu, Rumjatar, Lamidanda and . There are flights to seven destinations from this airport including Tumlingtaar, Bhojpur, Laxmi Danda, Thanpurva, Taplejung, Rumjataarand Phaplung. The nearest airport is Bhadrapur, about a 15 minute flight.

The airport personnel are experienced in emergency response. During the 2008 floods, relief materials were transported from the airport to the disaster-affected areas. As a common practice humanitarian agencies work with the transport companies and handling agents. The airport does not have equipment for heavy loading/off-loading and cargo is handled manually.

LOCATION DETAILS Country Nepal Latitude 26° 26' 5" N Province / District Eastern/Biratnagar Longitude 87° 17' 0" E Town or City (closest) Biratnagar Elevation (ft) 236 ft. Airfield Name Biratnagar Surface Bitumen IATA & ICAO codes BIR/VNVT Condition Good Runway Length (m) 1,524 m Runway Width (m) 30 m Orientation 09/27 Lighting Yes No

Gautam Buddha Airport (Bhairahawa Airport)

Gautam Buddha Airport, also known as Bhairahawa Airport, is a domestic hub airport in the Western Development Region. After the introduction of jet operations to this airport, the air traffic movement increased substantially. CAAN has already begun to upgrade this airport as a regional international airport capable of serving medium sized jet aircraft.

56/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 This airport is near the birthplace of Lord Buddha and attracts many visitors. This is one reason why CAAN has decided to expand the airport facilities.

LOCATION DETAILS Country Nepal Latitude 27°30′20″N Province / District Western Longitude 083°24′58″E Town or City (closest) Bhairahawa Elevation (ft) 358 ft. Airfield Name Gautam Buddha Surface Bitumen IATA & ICAO codes BWA/VNBW Condition Good Runway Length (m) 1,510 m Runway Width (m) 30 m Orientation 10/28 Lighting Yes No

Nepalgunj The airport is 6 km north of Birendra Chok and is called the Mahendra Airport. The major places in Nepalgunj are Tribhuwan Chok, Dhambojhi, B.P. Chok and Khajura. It connects the under-developed parts of Nepal like Dolpa, Jumla, Mugu, Rukum via air.

LOCATION DETAILS Country Nepal Latitude 28° 06' 13.08"N Province / District Midwestern/Banke Longitude 081° 40' 01.22"E Town or City (closest) Nepalgunj Elevation (ft) 540 ft. Airfield Name Nepalgunj Surface Bitumen IATA & ICAO codes KEP/VNNG Condition Good Runway Length (m) 1524 m Runway Width (m) 30 m Orientation 08/26 Lighting Yes No

Simara is an airport serving in Nepal. Operational hours: 0100-1215Z Jan-Feb, Nov-Dec; 0030-1245Z Mar-Apr, Sep-Oct; 0015-1300Z May-Aug.

LOCATION DETAILS Country Nepal Latitude 27° 0’ 0” N? Province / District Central/ Bara Longitude 85° 32’ 0” E? Town or City (closest) Birgunj Elevation (ft) 450 ft. Airfield Name Simara Surface Bitumen IATA & ICAO codes SIF/VNSI Condition Good Runway Length (m) 1,192 m Runway Width (m) 30 m Orientation 01/19 Lighting Yes No

Janakpur

57/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Operational hours: 0100-1215Z Jan-Feb, Nov-Dec; 0030-1245Z Mar-Apr,Sep-Oct; 0015-1300Z May-Aug. Fuel: Jet A1+, Jet A1 with icing inhibitor.

LOCATION DETAILS Country Nepal Latitude 26° 42' 31"N Province / District Central/Dhanusha Longitude 85° 55' 20" E Town or City (closest) Elevation (ft) 256 ft. Airfield Name Janakpur Surface Asphalt IATA & ICAO codes JKR/VNJP Condition Good Runway Length (m) 1006 m Runway Width (m) 30 m Orientation 09/27 Lighting Yes No

Lukla Airport

The Lukla Airport is a small airport in the Town of Lukla in Khumbu, eastern Nepal. Runway characteristics include 527m of bitumen runway. The width is 20m and the runway incline is a staggering 12 percent. The apron has four stands and there is one heli-pad located 150m below the TWR (air traffic control tower). No landing aids are available and air traffic service is limited to AFIS (Aerodrome Flight Information Service) only.

The airport is quite popular as Lukla is the place where most people start their trek to climb Mount Everest. There are frequent daily flights, but no night service, between Lukla and Kathmandu. The paved tarmac is only accessible to helicopters and small fixed wing short takeoff and landing (STOL) aircraft such as Twin Otters or Dornier 228s. There is about a 700-metre (2,000 ft) angled drop at the end of the runway to the valley below. The airport is contained within a chain link fence and patrolled by the Nepal armed police or civil police around the clock.

LOCATION DETAILS Country Tenzing-Hillary (Lukla) Latitude 27°41′13″N Province / District Eastern/Solukhumbu Longitude 86°43′47″E Town or City (closest) Lukla Elevation (ft) 9100 ft. Airfield Name Lukla Surface Bituman IATA & ICAO codes LUA/VNLK Condition Good Runway Length (m) 527 m Runway Width (m) 30 m Orientation 07/25 Lighting Yes No

Dhangadhi Dhangadhi is a town in western Nepal on the border with India and is about 660 kilometers from Kathmandu. It is the capital of the in the province of Seti. It is also called the economic capital of the Far Western Region.

LOCATION DETAILS Country Nepal Latitude 28°41'24"N Province / District Farwestern/ Geta VDC,Kailai Longitude 80°35'24"E Town or City (closest) Dhangadhi Elevation (ft) 690 ft. Airfield Name Dhangadhi Surface Bituman IATA & ICAO codes DHL/VNDh Condition Good Runway Length (m) 1800 m Runway Width (m) 30 m Orientation 09/27 Lighting Yes No

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2.3. Road Assessment

2.3.1. Roads Overview The Nepal transportation system depends largely on the road network. This Strategic Road Network (SRN) links the main towns/cities, commercial centers, main international border crossings and the majority of the districts.

The main road of Nepal is the , which runs through the Terai (plains) from the east to west borders, a distance of 1027 km. Based on the Department of Roads, it has 477 bridges, 66 of which are longer than 100 meters, with the longest one having a span of 1,150 meters. Most highways are in relatively good condition. From the Mahendra Highway there are a number of asphalt highways going north into the hills through the various districts. In the hills and mountains, the traffic can be very slow due to the difficult terrain and poor road conditions. The roads in Kathmandu valley are often congested by heavy-duty trucks and general heavy traffic. During the last decade the Government, together with foreign investors, undertook an effort to develop a road network throughout all 75 districts. With the ultimate objective of directly contributing to the alleviation of poverty in Nepal, the main objective of road development is to expand and strengthen the road network in a sustainable way for enhancing the overall socio- economic development and integration of the country. Roads form an important part of Nepal’s development strategy in order to deliver services, administer projects and maintain law and order.

The Government has long had the goal of extending roads to each of the 75 districts. Fourteen remote districts have yet to have roads extended to them due to their landscape complexity and inaccessibility. A number of new roads were built in hillsides just to be washed away by the next monsoon. Foreign governments have invested in road construction but not in road maintenance. The Department of Roads (DoR), within the Ministry of Planning and Works, is responsible for overseeing all of the roads within Nepal. Their main focus is on the SRN, which currently includes approximately 9,400 km of roads spread over all 14 zones and most of the 75 districts. While the Nepal Road Standards of 2027, 1st Revision-2045 state four distinct road classifications (national highways-NH, feeder roads-FR, district roads-DR and city roads/streets-CR), the current DoR data focuses on the strategic roads and use slightly different classifications.

Nepal Department of Roads Strategic Road Network (Existing and Proposed)

59/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Ministry in Charge Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Tel1: +977-01-426 2693 Ministry of Physical Name: Ram Kumar Tel2: http://www.dor.gov.np Planning and Works, Lamsal Title: Director Fax: +977-01-4257409, 426 Department of Roads Email: [email protected] 2993

Summary of Role and Services:

The vision for development of roads in Nepal is “Managing Roads for National Integration and Socio-Economic Development”. The overall goal is to contribute in achieving sustainable socio-economic development by providing safe affordable public road infrastructure services through building of a cost-effective, efficient and reliable road network system. At the end of its plan period, the 20 year Master Plan for Strategic Road Network envisages the following outcomes from the implementation of the proposed road program: - Motorable access to as many as feasible of the 75 District Headquarters in the country with bituminous sealed roads; - Doubling of the length of the present Strategic Road Network (SRN) with a target road density of 15km/10,000 population; - Ensuring more than 95% of SRN is in good/fair annual condition; - Substantially reducing the walking distance from 13 days to 3 days in extreme cases to reach the motor-head in the mountains and reducing the walking distance to 4 hours to reach motor-head in Terai and Hills; - Establishment and functioning of Autonomous Road Agency to manage central road network with increased level of user’s involvement. - Establishment and functioning of monitoring system for an effective and efficient service delivery through an independent annual user’s satisfaction survey; and - Substantial reduction in accident rate.

2.3.2. Road Construction / Maintenance The Road Sector Development Project (RSDP) is being implemented by the Government of Nepal (GON) with grant assistance from the World Bank. The implementing agency for the project is Department of Roads (DOR) under the Ministry of Physical Planning and Works (MOPPW). The project is being implemented with the overall objectives of increasing the number of people with all season road access, decreasing travel time for the target population, providing effective road services and effective and sustainable funding for road maintenance by the Roads Board.

Entity(s) in Charge Contact Names / Email Tel / Fax Website Tel1: +977-01-426 2693 Name: Tel2: http://www.dor.gov.np Department of Roads Title: Fax: +977-01-4257409, 426 Email: [email protected] 2993

2.3.3. Road Classification

Classification Road Description

National Highway (NH) Main highways connecting the country from east to west and north to south, mostly paved.

Feeder Roads – Major (FRN) Major roads that connect District and Zonal headquarters to National Highways.

Feeder Roads – Minor (FRO) Minor roads that connect District and Zonal headquarters to National Highways.

Mid-Hill Roads (MH) Mainly non-paved roads in remote parts of districts that connect to feeder roads.

Postal Roads (PR) Typically single lane roads in rural areas that connect to feeder roads.

60/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 2.3.4. Road Inventory

See Annex 2 for a complete list of all roads by district, included in the Strategic Road Network of Nepal.

Nepal Strategic Road Network

Classification Administering Agency Network Length

National Highways Department of Roads 3,227 km

Feeder roads - major Department of Roads 4,762 km

Feeder roads – minor Department of Roads 439 km

Mid-hill roads Department of Roads 395 km

Postal roads Department of Roads 576 km

Total 9,399 km

2.3.4. Distance Matrix

DISTANCE FROM CAPITAL CITY TO MAJOR TOWNS (km)

Place Place Biratnagar Kathmandu Kathmandu Ilam Dhankuta Pokhara Nepalgunj Pyuthan Jajarkot Surkhet Salyan Dhangadhi Dadeldhura Sanfe Bajhang Kathmandu ----- 391 539 451 197 507 424 671 577 502 661 761 891 898

Biratnagar 391 ----- 180 92 515 754 672 921 825 750 909 1008 1138 1145

Ilam 539 180 ----- 225 663 902 820 110 972 897 1056 1156 1286 1293 1 Dhankuta 451 92 225 ----- 575 814 732 952 885 810 969 1068 1198 1205

Pokhara 197 515 663 575 ----- 405 323 569 476 401 560 659 789 796

Nepalgunj 507 754 902 814 405 ----- 214 179 100 191 181 281 411 418

Pyuthan 423 672 819 731 325 2123 ----- 267 283. 167 367 467 597 603

Jajarkot 671 921 1101 952 569 179 267 ----- 133 234 360 489 625 626

Surkhet 577 825 972 885 476 100 283 133 ----- 261 255 355 485 491

Salyan 502 750 897 810 401 191 167 234 261 ----- 345 445 575 582

Dhangadhi 661 909 1056 969 560 181 367 360 255 345 ----- 129 259 266

Dadeldhura 761 1008 1156 1068 659 281 467 489 355 445 129. ----- 136 137

Sanfe 891 1138 1286 1198 789 411 597 625 485 575 259 136 ----- 273

Bajhang 898 1144 1293 1205 796 418 603 626 491 582 266 137 273 -----

61/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 TRAVEL TIME FROM CAPITAL CITY TO MAJOR TOWNS (Hours)

Place Kathmandu Biratnagar Birgun Hetaud Bhairahaw Nepalgunj Dhangadhi Kalanki j a a

Kathmandu 9.5 8 3 2 7 10 14 Kalanki

Kakarbhitta 9.5 2.5 8 8 12 17 20

Biratnagar 8 2.5 6 6 10 15 19

Birgunj 3 8 6 1 5 10 13

Hetauda 2 8 6 1 6 9 12

Bhairahawa 7 12 10 5 5 5 8

Nepalgunj 10 17 15 10 9 5 4

Dhangadhi 13 20 18 13 12 8 4

2.3.5. Road Security The major security threat for those using the Nepal road network is political riots and unrest. Roads are often times closed by the protesters, and this causes major traffic jams. Bandhs, or general strikes, involving the shutdown of roads, schools, businesses often occur at short notice and cause widespread disruption. It is advisable to completely avoid being in the area of these general strikes as attacks on vehicles have occurred and passengers have been injured.

There are an increasing number of road accidents occurring in Nepal and great care should be used when travelling outside of the Kathmandu Valley. Injuries and deaths from motorcycle accidents are frequent so it is advisable to avoid using motorcycles as a means of transportation

SECURITY Good Marginal Bad

2.3.6. Weighbridges

The DoR is empowered to set the limitation of vehicle weight and to control the movement of overloaded vehicles on roads. Considering the increasing problem of overloaded vehicles and its direct impact on the life and function of roads, bridges, and road safety, the DoR has prepared a separate Heavy Vehicle Management Policy (HVMP). This HVMP intends to clarify the roles and responsibilities of the Department of Roads, Department of Transport Management, and Traffic Police Office and to provide better coordination for implementation of the control on axle load and vehicle load limits. Privately-owned weighbridges are available at only 5 entry points and at TIA. Interstate Transport, a private company, owns a 100 mt weighbridge at the Dry Port in Birgunj. Currently, there appears to be little or no weight restriction enforcement in effect.

Entity(s) in Charge Contact Names / Email Tel / Fax Website Department Tel1: +977-01- 426 2693 Name: of Roads (DoR), Ministry of Tel2: http://www.dor.gov.np Title: Physical Planning and Fax: +977-01- 425 7409, Email: [email protected] Works (MoPPW). 426 2993

62/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 2.3.7. Axle Load Limits Medium-sized trucks (seven to ten ton payload) operate over two lane asphalt roads at relatively low average speeds. Many of the major roads are poorly maintained and congested. The result is relatively low average travel speeds, in the range of 200 to 400 km per day. The movement of containers on the Nepal roadways is also limited due to the terrain and condition of the roads. Most of the trucks used in cross-border movements are 2-3 axle (six- or ten- wheel) trucks carrying payloads up to 18 MT. Trucks carrying bulk cargo are generally overloaded, causing additional damage to the road.

LCA Country Transit Country Axle load limits Nepal India 10 mt/axle 10 mt/axle 10 mt/axle Max 22.5/13.0

2.3.7. Bridges There are more than 6,000 rivers and streams in Nepal with most of them flowing north to south, generally with high velocity due to a steep river gradient. Most of the rivers originate from the perpetually snow-covered Himalayan Range. The greatest risk to the bridges in Nepal is landslides and high river damage.

There are 1,001 main bridges on the Strategic Road Network (SRN) along 4,983 km of road. The Mahendra Highway alone has 510 bridges. See http://www.dor.gov.np/road_statistic_2008/Report%20Pages/tables/212.pdf for a detailed list of all bridges on the SRN.

2.3.8. Transport Corridors

- Kakarbhitta, Jhapa (Eastern) Kakarbhitta, Jhapa is about 15-17 hours drive and 610 kilometers away from Kathmandu.

- Birgunj, Parsa (Central) Birgunj is the main entry point to Nepal from India for cargo and people, especially coming from Kolkata and . Birgunj has a railway to Raxaul. The nearest airport is in Simara which is about 20 km from Birgunj and it takes about 20 minutes to reach Kathmandu by air.

- (Northern Border, Central) Kodari, about six to seven hours drive from Kathmandu, lies on the Nepal-China border. This border entry point is still regarded as an important trading link between Nepal and .

- Belhia, Bhairahawa (Rupandehi, Western) Belhia, Bhairahawa, which is also known as , is about eight to nine hours drive and 280 kilometers away from Kathmandu. This is another important entry point from India.

- Nepalgunj (Banke, Mid-Western) Jamunaha, Nepalgunj is about 12-13 hours drive and 530 kilometers away from Kathmandu. Nepalgunj is also one of the major trading centers of Nepal and since it lies near the Indian border, it is well connected to all major Indian cities.

- Jamunaha, Mohana, Dhangadhi (Kailali, Far Western) Mohana, Dhangadhi is located in the far western region of Nepal, about 660 kilometers away from Kathmandu. is a 6-hour drive from Mohana.

- Gadda Chauki, Mahendranagar (Kanchanpur, Far Western) Gadda Chauki, Mahendranagar is a small town that lies in the far western region of Nepal. It is about 18-19 hours drive and 695 kilometers away from Kathmandu.

63/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 2.3.8.1. International Corridors Leading to the Country

The following are the most actively used transport corridors:

Karachi - Lahore – - Nepalgunj – KTM (3,147km) Kathmandu – Kakarvitta – Phulbari – - Mongla (1,362km) Kathmandu – Kakarvitta - Phuntsholing – Thimpu (1,011km) Kathmandu - Kolkata/Haldia (1,323km) Kathmandu – Bhairahawa – Sunauli - (663km) Biratnagar - Kolkata (689km)

Note: This map is taken from the SASEC, Subregional Cooperation webpage: http://www.adb.org/SASEC/default.asp

64/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 2.3.8.2. Main Corridors within the Country (leading to main towns / hubs) The main corridors are located within the Strategic Road Network, mostly in the Terai region. The east-west highway remains the main transport corridor for Nepal.

Table: 20 largest towns in Nepal with reference to population and connecting roads: # District Population, Road Reference census 2005 H02 : Tribhuvan Rajpath (TRP) 1 Kathmandu Kathmandu 790,612 H03 : Rajmarg (ARM) H16 : Kathmandu Ringroad F021 : Kathmandu - Dhunche – Rasuwagadhi F022 : Balkhu – Dakchhinkali F025 : Lainchaur - Maharajgunj – Budhanilkantha F026 : Chabahil – F027 : Jorpati – Sundarijal F075 : Kalimati - Sitapaila – Bhimdhunga H04 : Prithvi Rajmarg (PRM) 2 Pokhara Kaski 186,410 H10 : Siddhartha Rajmarg (SRM) F041 : Pokhara – Sarangkot F042 : Pokhara - Baglung - Beni – Jomsom 3 Lalitpur Lalitpur 183,316 H16 : Kathmandu Ringroad F023 : Satdobato – Tikabhairab 4 Biratnagar Morang 168,331 H01 : Mahendra Rajmarg (MRM) 5 Birganj Parsa 133,244 H02 : Tribhuvan Rajpath (TRP) 6 Sunsari 128,605 H01 : Mahendra Rajmarg (MRM) 7 Bharatpur Chitawan 117,162 H01 : Mahendra Rajmarg (MRM) H04 : Prithvi Rajmarg (PRM) 8 Bhim Dutta Kanchanpur 99,124 H01 : Mahendra Rajmarg (MRM) H14 : Mahakali Rajmarg (MKRM) H17 : Ratuwa River-Rangeli (Postal) F064 : Phattepur - Kanchanpur – F150 : Kaluwapur (MRM) -Shreepur - Belauri (IB) 9 H01 : Mahendra Rajmarg (MRM) Rupandehi 91,737 F136 : Shivgadhiya - Padariya (- Circumambulatory) 10 H01 : Mahendra Rajmarg (MRM) Hetauda Makwanpur 84,800 H02 : Tribhuvan Rajpath (TRP) F019 : Bhaise – Bhimphedi 11 Bhaktapur Bhaktapur 76,890 H03 : Araniko Rajmarg F028 : Bhaktapur – 12 Janakpur Dhanusa 74,258 H01 : Mahendra Rajmarg (MRM) 13 Dhangadhi Kailali 73,151 H01 : Mahendra Rajmarg (MRM) H14 : Mahakali Rajmarg (MKRM) 14 Sunsari 72,387 H01 : Mahendra Rajmarg (MRM) H17 : Ratuwa River-Rangeli (Postal) 15 H09 : Sagarmatha Rajmarg (SARM) Triyuga Udayapur 71,260 H18 : IB (Chhyangtapu) - MERM (Midhill) F052 : Mirchaiya - Katari - Okhaldhunga – Salleri F057 : Dharan - Chatara - Gaighat-Katari- Sindhuli-Hetauda 16 Siddharthanagar Rupandehi 63,372 H01 : Mahendra Rajmarg (MRM) F044 : Bhairahawa - Lumbini – Kakrahawa 17 Nepalganj Banke 61,477 H01 : Mahendra Rajmarg (MRM) 18 H03 : Araniko Rajmarg Madhyapur Bhaktapur 58,807 F028 : Bhaktapur – Nagarkot F086: Jadibuti (ARM) - Thimi – Sallaghari 19 H01 : Mahendra Rajmarg (MRM) Mechinagar Jhapa 56,173 H07 : Mechi Rajmarg (MERM) H17 : Ratuwa River-Rangeli (Postal) 20 Dang 55,536 H01 : Mahendra Rajmarg (MRM) H11 : Rapti Rajmarg (RPRM) Note: Base data on list of towns in Nepal and population numbers is taken from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Nepal

65/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 2.4. Railway Assessment

2.4.1. Management / Consortium

Entity(s) in Charge Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Name: Tel1: Corporation Title: Tel2: Ltd Email: Fax:

2.4.2. Railway Overview The rail transport of Nepal is managed by the state-run Nepal Railways Corporation Ltd. The railway runs from Jaynagar, India to Bijalpura, Nepal. The total distance of this railway is 59 km and, while it has a limited number of cargo wagons, it mainly moves passengers over the short distance. The Nepal Railways Corporation has 38 passenger coaches, 4 diesel engines and 11 steam engines. This railway is of no use for the movement of humanitarian aid. There are plans to extend or add new railway lines in Nepal.

The Sirsiya-Birgunj Internal Clearance Depot (SBICD) at the Dry Port in Birgunj operates the main cargo railway inlet into Nepal from India. The India Railways operates a 5.4 km railway line that extends an additional 400 meters into Nepal terminating at the Dry Port. This is the main method of transport for humanitarian cargo coming from the Port of Kolkata.

While Nepal’s railway is very limited in size and use, the Indian Railway system is relied upon by Nepal for the transport of goods to the Dry Port and main trading cities within India. is managed by the Ministry of Railways of the Government of India. Its system is one of the largest and busiest networks in the world transporting over 18 million passengers and more than 2 million tonnes of cargo each day. Indian Railways is the largest utility employer in the world with more than 1.4 million employees and has 6,909 stations covering more than 63,000 km of rail. Their rolling stock is comprised of 200,000 freight wagons, 50,000 coaches and 8,000 locomotives. Indian Railways manufactures some of their own rolling stock. As mentioned, Nepal relies on the Indian Railways network to transport a considerable amount of their imported goods to either the Dry Port in Birgunj or to staging points for road transport into Nepal.

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Nepal Railway Overview Track gauge 59 km of 762 mm (2 ft 6 in) gauge, narrow gauge Total track distance 59 km, Janakpur Railway: Jainagar, India to Bijalpura, Nepal Port to final point in or close to country (rail) N/A If relevant, from this point to Capital (road) N/A Locomotives 4 diesel, 11 steam engines Passenger coaches(covered) 38 passenger coaches Freight wagons 11 freight wagons India Railway Overview Track gauge 1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in) gauge Total track distance 63,140 km Port to final point in or close to country (rail) 700 km If relevant, from this point to Capital (road) 126 km Locomotives 8,000 Freight wagons (covered/flatbed) 200,000 Passenger coaches 50,000

67/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 2.4.3. Stations / Dry Ports

Nepal’s main dry port is located near Burgunj along the southern border with India. The dry port, called the Sirsiya- Birgunj Internal Clearance Depot (SBICD), was put into operation in 2005 and connects Nepal with the Kolkata, India Port, about 700 km away. A wide-gauge railway line, 5.4 km in length, was built to connect Raxaul, India to the SBICD site and extends an additional 400 m inside Nepal terminating inside the dry port. The cargo handling facilities of the dry port are good with large container lifts available. There is 7,105 sq. mt. of bonded customs storage space available at the SBICD. There is additional outdoor space for 1,600 shipping containers.

Birguni-Rauxal Railroad at Dry Port

Covered storage at Birgunj Dry Port

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Open-space storage at Birgunj Dry Port

Container storage and lift at Birgunj Dry Port

Additionally, Internal Clearance Depots (ICD) are located in Biratnagar with 150 TEU of storage and Bhairahawa with 250 TEU of storage. An ICD is under construction at Kakarvitta and the GoN has carried out a feasibility study for constructing an ICD at Tatopani.

2.4.3. Other Information N/A

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2.5. Waterways Assessment

2.5.1. Waterways overview There are no navigable waterways in Nepal. The only practical seaport for goods bound for Nepal is Kolkata, India.

2.5.2. River and/or Lake Port Assessment Nepal does not have any river/lake ports.

2.6. Storage Facilities Assessment

2.6.1. Storage Overview While Nepal has an abundance of low volume storage for the commercial sector, large-scale warehousing for the humanitarian community is more difficult to locate. Except for the Nepal Red Cross Society, virtually no other NGOs have warehousing facilities of any significance. The appears to be the largest provider of warehousing but availability of their facilities is linked to the harvest schedules. WFP rents storage in Nepalgunj (4,000mt), Biratnagar (1,500mt) and Birtamod (1,000mt).

2.6.2. Commercial Storage The primary provider of commercial storage is the Nepal Food Corporation. They reportedly have a total of 167 warehouses spread across all fourteen zones although that number has not been confirmed. While the Nepal Food Corporation is considered a governmental entity, it is the main provider of commercial warehouse space for private businesses and humanitarian organisations. The contact information for the Nepal Food Corporation is: Nepal Food Corporation Central Office Singhdurbar Plaza Kathmandu Tel: +977-01-4248891/4262427 Email: [email protected] Website: www.nfc.com.np

Capacity Condition5 Available for Location Owner mt / m² / Type3 Access4 and # of rent m³ units Unspecified, Nepal Food Corporation Yes No 12,380 mt Unspecified Unspecified 13 Unspecified, Koshi Zone Nepal Food Corporation Yes No 12,300 mt Unspecified Unspecified 15 Sagarmatha Unspecified, Nepal Food Corporation Yes No 6,800 mt Unspecified Unspecified Zone 9 Janakpur Unspecified, Nepal Food Corporation Yes No 3,550 mt Unspecified Unspecified Zone 7 Narayani Unspecified, Nepal Food Corporation Yes No 9,450 mt Unspecified Unspecified Zone 12 Bagamati Unspecified, Nepal Food Corporation Yes No 20,150 mt Unspecified Unspecified Zone 23 Lumbini Unspecified, Nepal Food Corporation Yes No 4,950 mt Unspecified Unspecified Zone 7 Gandaki Unspecified, Nepal Food Corporation Yes No 2,250 mt Unspecified Unspecified Zone 7 Dhawalgiri Unspecified, Nepal Food Corporation Yes No 950 mt Unspecified Unspecified Zone 8 Unspecified, Nepal Food Corporation Yes No 3,210 mt Unspecified Unspecified 14 Unspecified, Nepal Food Corporation Yes No 1,200 mt Unspecified Unspecified 10 Unspecified, Nepal Food Corporation Yes No 8,750 mt Unspecified Unspecified 13 Unspecified, Nepal Food Corporation Yes No 8,930 mt Unspecified Unspecified 21 Mahakali Unspecified, Nepal Food Corporation Yes No 2,750 mt Unspecified Unspecified Zone 8 Ajay Gupta’s Warehouse Unspecified, Nepalgunj Yes No 1,000 mt Unspecified Unspecified +977 9858020016 1 Cotton Development Board Unspecified, Nepalgunj Yes No 5,000 mt Unspecified Unspecified +977 081621222 1

3 Warehouse type: Open storage, container, rub-hall, silo, concrete, other, unspecified 4 Warehouse Access: raised-siding, flat 5 Warehouse condition : appears intact, appears damaged, under construction/repair 70/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 2.6.3. Storage used by humanitarian organizations

The Nepal Red Cross Society (NRCS) is the only humanitarian organization that has its own storage. All other NGOs use commercial warehouses as needed.

Capacity Sharing Location Organization mt / m² / Type4 Access5 Condition6 possibility m³ Kathmandu NRCS Yes No 450 mt Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Kaski NRCS Yes No Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Kaski NRCS Yes No 647 m3 Concrete Unspecified Unspecified NRCS Concrete Morang, Hari Niraula Yes No Unspecified structure & Unspecified Unspecified Biratnagar +977 025 - Rubbhall 527290

2.6.4. Public Sector Storage

No public sector storage, other than the Nepal Food Corporation, have been identified in Nepal. While the Nepal Food Corporation is considered a government entity, it is the main provider of commercial warehouse space for private businesses and humanitarian organizations. Refer to section 2.6.2, Commercial Storage for additional information.

2.6.5. Cold Chain Currently WHO and UNICEF do not have cold chain storage facilities in Nepal, however, the Ministry of Health (MOH) has a cold chain network throughout the country. There are five regional cold chains, one central storage facility and two sub cold chain stores. At the district level, public health offices have small cold chain storage facilities and they provide service to the community. The Department of Logistics Management under the MOH manages the issues related to cold chains. Details on the cold chain facilities for MOH are listed below:

Organisation Cooling / Total Capacity Location Type Quantiy Condition / Owner Power l³ Dhangadhi MOH Walk-in cooler +2-8C, comp. 1 9,584 Good Nepalgunj MOH Walk-in cooler +2-8C, comp. 1 10,502 Good Butwal MOH Walk-in cooler +2-8C, comp. 1 5,702 Good Hetuda MOH Walk-in cooler +2-8C, comp. 1 3,882 Good Biratnagar MOH Walk-in cooler +2-8C, comp. 1 8,830 Good Pokhara MOH Walk-in cooler +2-8C, comp. 1 3,882 Good Pathlaiya MOH Walk-in cooler +2-8C, comp. 1 5,702 Good (Birgunj) Teku MOH Walk-in cooler +2-8C, comp. 1 30,455 Good (Kathmandu) Total walk-in 78,503 coolers Teku Walk-in -15-20C, 1 16,560 Good (Kathmandu) freezer compression

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2.7. Milling Capacity Assessment

2.7.1. Milling Overview

The major agriculture production area of Nepal is located in the terai or lowlands, the narrow strip of land bordering India. Because of this, most of the country’s mills and processing facilities are also located in this region. There are limited numbers of mills outside of this region, however. Nepal has over 200 commercial mills, collectively having a wide range of output capacity. Some mills have a capacity of up to 200 – 400 metric tons per day. The most common products processed by the mills are wheat, rice, pulses and vegetable oil.

There are a number of large-scale mills that are familiar with the standards and specifications of specialized blended foods typically used by the humanitarian community such as WFP.

The four major mills and processing facilities used and recommended by WFP are listed below. Following this list is a partial listing of other mills both small and large from across Nepal. A more extensive listing of mills can be found at http://nepal.yoolk.com/industry-agricultural-and-garment/flour-and-mills/. The national milling association, the Nepal Flour Mills Association, is located in Kathmandu. Their phone number is +977-01-2011 2554 and their association president is Mr. Kumud Kumar Dugar.

Company Name & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Address Vikash Flour Mill (P) Tel1: +977-01-4437991 Ltd., Parvatipur, E-mail: [email protected] Tel2: +977-01-4439908 www.kldugargroup.com Nepalgunj Fax: +977-01-4437990 Directors: 1. Pradeep Sahrda Nutri Foods Pvt. Ltd. / Tel1: +977-01-4229800 2. Nivas Sharda Flour Mills, Tel2: www.shardagroup.com 3. Nand kishor Rathi Biratnagar Fax:+977-21-526687 Main office: Thapathali, Kathmandu

Manager: Basant Kumar Instant Meal Pvt.Ltd Tel1: +977-01-4221260 Chaudhary Chaudhary Mansion Tel2: +977-01-4226293 www.impl.com.np Email: [email protected] Kathmandu Fax: +977- 01-4226293

Surya Agro Products, Contact: Jiblal Pokharel Tel1: +977-01-5545891 Pvt, Ltd E-mail:[email protected] Tel2: www.chaudharygroup.com Nitanpur, Bara Fax: +977- 01-5546223 Birgunj

Partial list of the wheat/flour/rice/oil mills throughout Nepal: # Company Name Address City Phone 1 Achyut Rice Mill Kanchanbari Biratnagar +977-01-522506 2 Aman Rice Mill Bhadrakali Chowk Pokhara +977-01-523270 +977-01-526815/ 528771/ 3 Maida Mills (P) Ltd. Katahari Biratnagar +977-01-523121 4 Annapurna Rice Mill Narayanghar Bharatpur +977-01-520422 5 Annapurna Rice, Oil Mills Khanar Biratnagar +977-01-580077/ 580078 6 Ashok Rice & Oil Mills Katari Biratnagar +977-01-522606 7 Astha Food Industry Bharatpur Bharatpur +977-01-521049 8 Baba Bishwokarma Chiura Udyog Anandaban VDC Bhairahawa +977-01-540544 9 Baba Flour Mills (P) Ltd. Biratnagar +977-01-526610/ 524377 10 Bajrabarahi Oil Mill Chapagaon Kathmandu +977-01-5570429 11 Bajrang Rice Flour & Oil Mill Rangeli Biratnagar +977-01-525175, 523213 12 Balaju Dal Mill Balaju Kathmandu +977-01-4350327, 4350889 13 Bce Mill Pipara Birgunj +977-01-521158 14 Bhadrakali Rice, Oil & Flour Mill Bhairahawa Bhairahawa +977-01-520229 15 Bhagawati Rice Mills Narayangadh Bharatpur +977-01-521732 16 Bhagawati Rice Mills Birta Birgunj +977-01-522194 17 Bhagawati Rice Mills Bhadrapur Jhapa +977-023-520107 18 Bhairab Shelar Mill Bhairab Tole Pokhara +977-01-523414 19 Rice Mill Adarsha Nagar Birgunj +977-01522198 20 Bhawani Rice Mill Lalitpur Kathmandu +977-01-5526023, 5540193 72/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 # Company Name Address City Phone 21 Bhawani Shankar Rice Mill Bhadrapur Jhapa +977-023-520040 22 Bhubanesyari Rice Mills Narayangadh Bharatpur +977-01-520452 23 Bhudeo Khadya Mills Lal Bandi Janakpur +977-01-520895 24 Bijay Rice Mill Hetauda Hetauda +977-01-520122 25 Bijaya Rice Mills Majdiha Pipara Birgunj +977-01-521158 26 Binayak Food Industries Surkhet Road Nepalgunj +977-01-520695 GPO: 20, Birgunj, 27 Birganj Khadya Udhyog Pvt. Ltd. Birgunj +977-01-522045, 522464 Alkhiya Road 28 Birgunj Khadya Udyog Pvt. Ltd. Parwanipur Birgunj +977-01-522045, 522464 29 Chandra Rice & Oil Mills Adarsha Nagar Birgunj +977-01-522248 30 Chiranjibi Rice Mills Bhadrapur Jhapa +977-023-520035 31 Chiranjibi Rice, Oil & Flour Mills Narayangadh Bharatpur +977-01-520872 32 Deepak Flour Mills Biratnagar Biratnagar +977-01-525980 33 Deepak Rice & Flour Mills Adarsha Nagar Birgunj +977-01-522317 34 Dhan Rice Mill Narayanghar Bharatpur +977-01-521698 35 Chewra & Oil Mill Jogikuti Bhairahawa +977-01-540772 36 Dhiraj Rice Mills Dhamboji Nepalgunj +977-01-520459 GPO: 5802, Ktm, 37 Dhrubatara Dhan Chamal Karkhana Kathmandu +977-01-4228404 Jyatha 38 Dhurba Rice Mills Narayangadh Bharatpur +977-01-521139 39 Dil Durga Rice Mill Biratnagar Biratnagar +977-01-522105 40 Dilip Rice Mills Tinpaini Biratnagar +977-01-523365 41 Dipendra Rice Mill Chapapani Pokhara +977-01-521128 42 Durga Chiura Mills Jhapa Jhapa +977-023-540428 Durga Modern Dal Mill & Durga 43 Siddhartha Nagar Bhairahawa +977-01-520360 Modern Oil Mill 44 Durga Rice & Oil Mills Main Road Biratnagar +977-01-522757 45 Durga Rice Mill Galamandi Bhairahawa +977-01-520694 46 Durga Rice Mill Chapkaiya Birgunj +977-01-521106 47 Durga Rice Mills Narayangadh Bharatpur +977-01-520160 48 Ganesh Chewra Udyog Naya Mill Bhairahawa +977-01-540014 +977-01-520693, 520570, 49 Ganesh Himal Rice Mill Manpur Nepalgunj 520092 50 Ganesh Khadhya Udhyog Old Baneshwor Kathmandu +977-01-4485478, 4472921 51 Ganesh Modern Dal Mills Manpur Nepalgunj +977-01-520092 52 Ganga Rice & Flour Mills Biratnagar Biratnagar +977-01-522834 53 Ganga Rice Mill Shrawan Path Bhairahawa +977-01-540177 54 Girija Rice & Oil Mills Ram Mandir Janakpur +977-01-520054 GPO: 13982, Ktm, 55 Global Commercial Center (P) Ltd. Kathmandu +977-01-5525591, 9851024616 Sanepa 56 Gokul Rice & Oil Industries Dhamboji Nepalgunj +977-01-520815 57 Golchha Rice & Oil Mills Biratnagar Biratnagar +977-01-522017 GPO: 18, Btr, 58 Gopal Oil, Dal & Flour Mills Biratnagar +977-01-522203, 530313 Bohara Niwas 59 Gupta Dal & Oil Mill Birgunj Birgunj +977-01-522593 60 Gupta Oil Mills Adarsha Nagar Birgunj +977-01-523139 61 Gyanuka Seller Rice Mills Dihiko Patan Pokhara +977-01-521827 62 Hajee Samsulhaque Rice & Oil Mills Saro Biratnagar +977-01-526508 63 Himalaya Rice Mills Bhadrapur Jhapa +977-023-520076 64 Hira Devi Automatic Rice Mills Ward 8 Bhairahawa +977-01-540609 65 Hira Rice & Oil Mills Biratnagar Biratnagar +977-01-522520 66 Indra Rice Mill Makawanpur Hetauda +977-01-521873 67 Indu Rice Mill Rani Pauwa Pokhara +977-01-520814 68 Krishna Maskey Rice Mill Bhanu Tole Biratnagar +977-01-522042 69 Krishna Rice Mill Rani Pauwa Pokhara +977-01-520586 70 Laxmi Khadya Udyog (P) Ltd. Dhangadi Kailali +977-091-521244

73/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 # Company Name Address City Phone 71 Laxmi Rice Flour & Cheura Mill Rani Ghat Birgunj +977-01-521325 72 Lumbini Flour Mills P. Ltd. Simra Birgunj +977-01-521349 73 Lumbini Flour Mills P. Ltd. Thute Pipal Bhairahawa +977-01-520373 74 M. N. Rice Mills Bhadrapur Jhapa +977-023-520018 75 Mahabir Rice & Oil Mill Chapkaiya Birgunj +977-01-522045, 521086 76 Mahakali Rice Mill Bhansar Road Nepalgunj +977-01-520221 77 Mahalaxmi Maida & Oil Mill (P) Ltd. Main Road Biratnagar +977-01-522777, 523575 78 Mahendra Surya Rice Mills Bindabashini Pokhara +977-01-521910 79 Manorama Rice Mills (P) Ltd. Gyaneshwor Kathmandu +977-01-4419534 80 Mittal Rice & Oil Mill Surkhet Road Nepalgunj +977-01-520475 81 Narayan Rice & Oil Mills (P) Ltd Biratnagar Biratnagar +977-01-522540 82 Narayani Rice Mills (P) Ltd. Chainpur Birgunj +977-01-522711 83 Naresh Rice Mill Dhobighat Kathmandu +977-01-5531372 84 Nepal Oil & Flour Mills Rangeli Road Biratnagar +977-01-525860 85 Pashupati Rice Mills Kadhaha Biratnagar +977-01-526124 GPO: 2743, Ktm, 86 Panchakanya Rice Mill (P) Ltd. Kathmandu +977-01-5526551, 5548235 Lalitpur 87 Prem Narayan Rice Mills Dhamboji Nepalgunj +977-01-521185 GPO: 1780, Ktm, 88 Rajkamal Spinning & Weaving Mills Kathmandu +977-01-4230282, 4245829 Teku 89 Rice Mill Pvt. Ltd. Ittachen Kathmandu +977-01-2130117, 9851073943 +977-01-525537, 524527, 90 Sagarmatha Flour Mills Main Road Biratnagar 525827 Shree Mahalaxmi Maida Mills (P) GPO: 648, Ktm, 91 Kathmandu +977-01-4221260, 4221259 Ltd. Khichapokhari +977-033-560375, 92 Shree Shanker Rice, Oil & Flour Mills Lahan-4, Shiraha http://www.sardaonline.com/

GPO: 116, Brt, 93 Shree Shanker Rice, Oil & Flour Mills Biratnagar +977-01-530935 Chowk GPO: 1991, Ktm, 94 Vikash Flour Mill (P) Ltd Kathmandu +977-01-4437991 Dillibazar

2.7.2 Miller Company 1: Nutri Foods Pvt. Ltd.

2.7.2.1 Description

Company Name & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Address Nutri Foods (P) Ltd Name: Pradeep Sahrda Tel1: +977-01-4229800 Satghumti Road Title: Tel2: Biratnagar, Nepal Email: Fax: +977-21-526687

Facilities Parking area inside compound Adequate space available Drainage Good Fair Poor Non existent Fire fighting equipment Yes No No of ventilators 10 Electricity load (KVA) Unspecified Brand/Model Backup generator Yes No 630 KVA Super Nova

74/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Milling equipment Origin of Machinery Year of Mfg Year of Installation Condition India 2005 2005 Good

Maintenance All maintenance is performed on all equipment on a regular basis to ensure the highest standards of operation.

Other equipment / Machinery installed Type of equipment Y/N Qty Owned Leased To be supplied by client Fortification Feeder Yes 1 X Bag Cleaning Plant No Moisture Tester Yes 1 X De-stoning Plant Yes 1 X Metal Extractor Yes 1 X

Staffing Number of full time skilled workers 10 operators Number of full time labourers 25 at full capacity

Weighbridge This facility does not have a standard weighbridge but uses a 300 kg scale.

Building Length Width Height Unit Building – Mill 33 m 11 m 7 m 1 Building –Storage 100 m 36 m Unspecified 1 Walls Concrete Roof Steel Floor Concrete

Conditions & Cleanliness Outside Inside Cracks in walls or roof Yes No Yes No Signs of rodent activity Yes No Yes No Signs of birds entry Yes No Yes No Damaged gutters/drains Yes No Yes No Signs of moisture Yes No Yes No Adjacent Vegetation Yes No Cut Uncut Cleanliness Good Fair Poor

Pest Control (how and by whom) Fumigation, Spraying & Rodent Control Fumigation every 4 months.

Security Security Good Marginal Bad Compound Fenced Not fenced

75/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Access Distance from main town (km) 15 km Travel time if not located in town 20 minutes Road condition to mill Good Road limitation (if any) Width (m): no limit Max. Tonnage: no limit Rail connection Yes No

Milling capacity (mt) Commodities Daily capacity Monthly activity Monthly use (e.g. WFP) 36 mt/day Wheat Soy Blend (WSB) 36 mt/day

Corn Soy Blend (CSB) 36 mt/day 36 mt/day

Storage capacity Covered storage in metric tons 300 mt covered Within the compound 300 mt Outside the compound Unspecified

2.7.2.2 Capacity to Blend

This facility is able to mill all grains and fortify with vitamins and minerals, adding salt and sugar.

2.7.2.3 Loading / Discharge Rates

The loading/discharge/delivery rates are based on the negotiated rates at time of contract signing with WFP.

2.7.2.4 Transport Capacity at Mill

Nutri Foods has the truck fleet to move product from this facility and the delivery charges can be negotiated into the contract with the loading/unloading/milling rates.

2.7.3 Miller Company 2: Bohra Industries Rice Mill

2.7.3.1 Description

Company Name & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Address Name: Vinash Bohra Tel1: +977-01-4266861 Bohra Industries Title: Tel2: Biratnagar, Nepal Email: Fax:

Facilities Parking area inside compound Adequate space available Drainage Good Fair Poor Non existent Fire fighting equipment Yes No No of ventilators Not specified Electricity load (KVA) Not specified Brand/Model Backup generator Yes No Not specified KVA Steam turbine

76/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Milling equipment Origin of Machinery Year of Mfg Year of Installation Condition India 2008 2008 Good

Maintenance All maintenance is performed on all equipment on a regular basis to ensure the highest standards of operation.

Other equipment / Machinery installed Type of equipment Y/N Qty Owned Leased To be supplied by client Fortification Feeder No Bag Cleaning Plant No Moisture Tester Yes 1 X De-stoning Plant Yes 1 X Metal Extractor Yes 1 X

Staffing Number of full time skilled workers 4 operators Number of full time labourers 45 normally, 50-60 at full capacity

Weighbridge This facility does not have a standard weighbridge.

Building Length Width Height Unit Building – Mill 19 m 15 m 14 m 1 Building –Storage N/A N/A N/A Walls Concrete Roof Steel Floor Concrete

Conditions & Cleanliness Outside Inside Cracks in walls or roof Yes No Yes No Signs of rodent activity Yes No Yes No Signs of birds entry Yes No Yes No Damaged gutters/drains Yes No Yes No Signs of moisture Yes No Yes No Adjacent Vegetation Yes No Cut Uncut Cleanliness Good Fair Poor

Pest Control (how and by whom) Fumigation, Spraying & Rodent Control Visited regularly

Security Security Good Marginal Bad Compound Fenced Not fenced

77/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Access Distance from main town (km) Located in the city Travel time if not located in town 0 Road condition to mill Good Road limitation (if any) Width (m): no limit Max. Tonnage: no limit Rail connection Yes No

Milling capacity (mt) Commodities Daily capacity Monthly activity Monthly use (e.g. WFP) Rice 5mt/hr @ 22 hr/day Unspecified Unspecified

Storage capacity Covered storage in metric tons 10,000 mt 5 buildings for raw materials 16m x 38m x 6m Within the compound 2 buildings for finished product 18m x 15m x 7m Outside the compound None

2.7.3.2 Capacity to Blend

This facility is able to mill rice only with no capacity to blend.

2.7.3.3 Loading / Discharge Rates

The loading/discharge rates are based on the negotiated rates at time of contract signing. Loading rate has been set at 30Rs/mt.

2.7.3.4 Transport Capacity at Mill

Bohra Industries has a truck fleet to move product from this facility on a standby basis or the customer can rely on commercial carriers to arrange transport.

78/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 3. Logistics Related Services

3.1. Fuel

3.1.1 Fuel Overview All fuel for Nepal is imported by the Nepal Oil Corporation (NOC), established on 10 January 1970 by the Government of Nepal under the “Company Act, 2021 (1964)”. NOC is a state-owned trading enterprise that imports, stores and distributes various petroleum products within the country. The Government of Nepal owns 98.36 percent of NOC with the balance shared by four other state-owned enterprises, those being Rastriya Beema Sanssthan, National Trading Ltd., Nepal Bank Ltd. and Rastriya Banijya Bank. NOC is controlled by a Board of Directors that include representatives from the Ministries of Finance and Supply and Commerce. The current Board Chairman is the Secretary of the Ministry of Supply and Commerce.

Nepal, being a land-locked country, imports all of its fuel supply from the Indian Oil Corporation, Ltd. (IOC) under a long- term supply agreement. IOC has approximately 55% of the market share within India.

NOC has five regional offices located in Dhangadi, Nepalgunj, Bhairahawa, Birgunj and Biratnagar, fuel and aviation fuel depots with a total storage capacity of 71,558 kilolitres and employs 525 permanent staff with approximately half this number working in Kathmandu.

Fuel Authority & Address Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Name: Mukund Prasad Dhungel Nepal Oil Corporation, Ltd. Title: Director, Supply, Distribution Tel1: +977-1- 4264971 GPO Box 1140, & Aviation Dept. Tel2: +977-1-4262780 www.nepaloil.com Babarmahal Email: Fax: +977-1-4263499 Kathmandu, Nepal [email protected]

Summary of Role and Services:

1. To manage the import of petrol, diesel, kerosene, lubricants, grease, aviation fuel, etc. and other oils from different countries of the world. 2. To manage the storage facilities of imported petroleum products in the country. 3. To manage the supply and distribution of petroleum products in the country either by own arrangement of tank trucks or through private parties as per the requirement. 4. Import crude oil from different countries and refine the crude oil either in association with other foreign oil companies or set up own refinery. 5. To setup industries for the exploration of oil and gas reserves of the country.

3.1.2 Fuel Storage The present national storage capacity is 71,558 kiloliters and is approximately enough supply for 15 days of sales. Because usage is increasing NOC is planning to increase its storage facilities so that there is at least 30 days of demand in storage. The current storage capacities of the regions of the country are as follows:

Storage Capacity of Nepal Oil Corporation Ltd.

Location Petrol Diesel Kerosene Jet A1 Total

Kathmandu 1,870 8,400 4,960 7,710 22,940

Amlekhgunj 1,960 16,100 5,580 - 23,640

Biratnagar 560 8,510 2,180 280 11,530

Janakpur 30 140 70 - 240

Bhairawa 140 3,055 394 60 3,649

Pokhara 350 2,280 760 64 3,454

Nepalgunj 140 1,520 1,520 280 3,460

Surkhet - - 45 60 105

Dhangadi 85 1,590 760 45 2,480

Dipayal - 15 45 - 60

Total 5,135 41,610 16,314 8,499 71,558

79/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Nepal Oil Corporation Facilities and Depot Locations

3.1.3 Fuel Marketing and Local Distribution Fuel products are supplied to NOC-approved distributors upon request. Currently there are 1,500 kerosene and 1,000 petrol and diesel distributors in Nepal. All aviation fuel (Jet A-1) is distributed and sold directly by NOC in order to adhere to stringent quality control measures. Approximately 70 percent of all petroleum products are consumed in the Central Region of Nepal. NOC uses over 1,100 tanker trucks to transport and distribute their products.

Listed below is a small sampling of the large number of fuel distributors.

Major Distributor & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Address Shell Trading Pvt. Ltd Name: GPO: 8975 EPC 7273, Title: Tel1: +977-01-6632740 Gatthaghar Email: Tel2: +977-01-2131140 Kathmandu, Fax: +977-01-6631240

Major Distributor & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Address

Prabin Oil Store Name: Tel1: +977-01-6632740 Gatthaghar, Kathmandu Title: Tel2: +977-01-6632827

Email: Fax: +977-01-6631240 [email protected]

Major Distributor & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Address Name: Kankai Oil Suppliers Tel1: +977-01-4254539 Title: GPO: 919 KTM, Teku Tel2: +977-01-4250392 Email: [email protected] Fax: +977-01-4260802

Major Distributor & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Address Name: Kailash Oil Distributors Tel1: +977-01-523724 Title: Narayangarh, Bharatpur Tel2: +977-01-523165 Email: [email protected] Fax: +977-01-521102

More information on the fuel distributors in various locations of Nepal can be found at the following link: http://nepal.yoolk.com/construction/petrol-statio

Is it possible for a humanitarian organization to contract Yes No directly a reputable supplier/distributor to provide its fuel needs? UN Int’l Org. NGO

80/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 3.1.4 Fuel Pricing Fuel prices in Nepal are determined primarily on the purchase price of fuel from the Indian Oil Corporation and are set by the Board of Directors of NOC. The Government of Nepal does not provide any price subsidies for fuel. The price of fuel includes a 13 percent VAT. Prices of fuel have declined 22 percent since an all time high in mid 2008 thus reflecting the world fuel price changes. Selling Price of POL Products in NRs.Per Kilo Liter (Inclusive VAT) as of 2010-05-11 Petrol Diesel Kerosene Aviation Aviation Depot LP Gas Fuel Fuel Duty Dealer Retailer Dealer Retailer Dealer Retailer Bonded Paid NRs/KL NRs/L NRs/KL NRs/L NRs/KL NRs/L NRs/Cyl USD/KL NRs/KL

Biratnagar 77137.74 80.50 58991.73 61.50 58941.75 61.50 1230.00 875.00 75000.00

Kathmandu 78582.46 82.00 60438.91 63.00 60389.06 63.00 1250.00 875.00 75000.00

Amlekhgunj 77137.74 80.50 58991.73 61.50 58941.75 61.50 - 875.00 75000.00

Birgunj 77137.74 80.50 58991.73 61.50 58941.75 61.50 - 875.00 75000.00

Bhairahawa 77137.74 80.50 58991.73 61.50 58941.75 61.50 - 875.00 75000.00

Pokhara 78096.56 81.50 59956.92 62.50 59907.29 62.50 - 875.00 75000.00

Nepalgunj 77137.74 80.50 58991.73 61.50 58941.75 61.50 - 875.00 75000.00

Dhangadi 77137.74 80.50 58991.73 61.50 58941.75 61.50 - 875.00 75000.00

Dipayal 78582.46 82.00 60438.91 63.00 60389.06 63.00 - 875.00 75000.00

Surkhet 78582.46 82.00 60438.91 63.00 60389.06 63.00 - 875.00 75000.00 Mahendranagar, Dhanusa 77137.74 80.50 58991.73 61.50 58941.75 61.50 - 875.00 75000.00

Dang 78096.56 81.50 59956.92 62.50 59907.29 62.50 - 875.00 75000.00

3.1.5 Fuel Supply

The Nepal Oil Corporation (NOC) imports all of its fuel requirements from the Indian Oil Corporation (IOC) through a long-term agreement. It is reported that IOC has approximately 55 percent of the Indian fuel market share and owns 10 of India’s 19 refineries. Fuel is transported into Nepal by road through up to six major points of entry with 60 percent of the total going through Birgunj. There are plans to construct a pipeline from the IOC depot in Raxual, India to the NOC depot in Amlekhgunj but no start date has been set. The regional fuel supply demand is purchased from IOC depots, terminals and refineries located near the border with Nepal.

Region Indian Oil Corporation Source Eastern Region Barauni Refinery Central Region Raxual Depot Western Region Betalpur Depot, Mugalsari Terminal Mid Western Region Allahabad Ternimal, Gonda Depot Far Western Region Banthara Depot

Shortages in the supply of fuel have occurred periodically as a result of politically motivated strikes. These strikes often lead to blockage of roads thus preventing fuel trucks from entering the country or from transporting the fuel to depots. The strikes can be on the district, regional or national levels. Earlier in 2009, strikes in India by the staff of major oil corporations caused shortages in India for a short period of time. While there is no indication these particular strikes in turn caused shortages in Nepal, the potential for this to occur is there in the future. During the monsoon period, normally mid-June to mid-September, landslides are common in the mountain regions and can affect the supply of fuel.

Distribution and sale of aviation fuel is solely done by the corporation as it requires very stringent quality control measures. Sale of all other products is done by retail dealers numbering 2,403. Approximately 70% of all petroleum products are consumed in the Central Region. The product is transported from the depots to the retail dealers by tanker truck. The number of transporters throughout Nepal is 472 and the number of tanker trucks is 1164 including Nepali and Indian trucks.

81/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 3.1.6 Fuel Demand Demand Does local supply (domestic refinery and import combined) meet the needs of the country, especially for aviation and Yes No Not consistent ground fuels? Current stocks only cover 15 days of sales demand. Any small event such as landslides or strikes can affect the supply and distribution of fuel stocks.

Seasonal Variations Indicate significant variations and how this is managed No significant variations Are there national priorities in the availability of fuel? Yes No Is there a rationing system? Yes No Can the local industry expand fuel supply to meet the Yes No humanitarian community’s needs? UN Agencies, including WFP maintain buffer stocks.

3.1.7 Fuel Transportation Transportation How is internal transportation of fuel products carried out? NOC uses private transporters. Is the transportation infrastructure and fleet sufficient to handle current domestic needs as well as increased Yes No demand from Humanitarian community? See Section 3.1.5- Fuel Supply – for more details.

3.1.8 Standards, Quality and Testing

NOC has a Quality & Pollution Control Department equipped with facilities for testing the quality standards of its petroleum products. Laboratory testing is regularly carried out and quality norms are strictly enforced. All incoming products are fully tested as well as delivered fuels to the distributors. As an example, two samples of each delivery transported to distributors are taken. One is kept with the distributor and the second is held by NOC Quality Control. Spot surprise checks are made on the distributor to ensure there is no alteration of product. Kathmandu has a significant level of air pollution, mainly caused by vehicles. To safeguard the health of the population, especially that of children, NOC has already made arrangements to supply unleaded petrol in Nepal.

Industry Control Measures Tanks with adequate protection against water mixing with Yes No the fuel Filters in the system, monitors where fuel is loaded into Yes No aircraft Adequate epoxy coating of tanks on trucks Yes No Presence of suitable fire fighting equipment Yes No

Standards Authority Is there a national or regional standards authority? Yes No If yes, are the standards adequate/properly enforced? Adequate Inadequate

Testing Laboratories Are there national or regional testing laboratories? Yes No All testing of fuel products is done directly by NOC.

3.2. Transporters

3.2.1. Transport Market Overview (trucking)

The current estimate of the number of trucks in Nepal is approximately 26,000 with the TATA 10mt as the most common type of truck being used. The TATA truck is well suited for the roads of Nepal and sets the standard for all other trucks being used. While most of the truck transport companies are having low numbers of trucks, there are some companies

82/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 with larger fleets. The Nepal Truck Owners Association is active and according to reports, plays a role setting transport rates. The contact information for this association is:

Nepal Truck Owners Association Teku, Kathmandu Tel: +977-01-217981

Because truck transport is the main method of for all goods, there is a good support infrastructure in place for the servicing and repair of trucks. Spare parts are readily available. The supply of trucks to meet the national transport demands is adequate.

Transport Company & Address Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Tel1: +977-081-551051/550336 Bheri Zonal Mini Truck, Name: Krishna Thapallya Tel2: +977-9848024307 Tanker Transport Association Function: Chairman Fax: +977-081-551051 Nepalgunj, Banke Email:

Fleet Routes / Areas of operation Unspecified

Vehicle type Quantity Capacity per type Total capacity Condition Average delivery Has insurance coverage 10 Mt 50 Able to provide more capacity per month is on all trucks then 20 trucks/day 17 Mt 40 900 MT Total fleet capacity 900 MT

Transport Company & Address Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Seti Mahakali Name: Upenda Bist Tel1: +977-091-526355/520253 Truck Enterpreneurs Union Function: Chaiman Tel2: +977-9749005129 Dhangadhi, Kailali Email: Fax: +977-091-526355 Fleet Routes / Areas of operation Dhangadhi, Kailali

Vehicle type Quantity Capacity per type Total capacity Condition 10 Mt 60 Has insurance for all Average delivery trucks, but the Able to provide more capacity per month concerned party is then 20 trucks/day 17 Mt 50 1,100 mt responsible for cargo insurance Total fleet capacity 1,100 mt

Transport Company & Address Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Name: Shanker Prasad Aryal Tel1: +977-01-4261103, 4262243 Prowess Transport Function: Chairman Tel2: Kathmandu Email: Fax: +977-01-4245453 Fleet Routes / Areas of operation

Vehicle type Quantity Capacity per type Total capacity Condition Average delivery Has insurance coverage 10 Mt 10 Able to provide more capacity per month 250 on all trucks then 20 trucks/day 17 Mt 4 mt Total fleet capacity 250 mt

83/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Transport Company & Address Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Name: Daya Khadki/ Tnyogi Narayan Tel1: +977-081 521 271 Bheri Dhawani Sewa Agrawal Tel2: Nepalgunj/Kathmandu Function: Fax: +977-081520598 Email: Fleet Routes / Areas of operation

Vehicle type Quantity Capacity per type Total capacity Condition 10 Mt 8 17 Mt 3 Total fleet capacity 250 mt

Transport Company & Address Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Name: Basudev Shrestha Tel1: +977-01-4285412 Yeti transport Function: Managing Director Tel2: +977-9851084807 Kathmandu Email: Fax: +977-01-4287113 Fleet Routes / Areas of operation Kathmandu

Vehicle type Quantity Capacity per type Total capacity Condition 10 Mt 7 17 Mt 3 Total fleet capacity 225 mt

Transport Company & Address Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Name: Ram Pokheral Tel1: +977-023-580068 Himalayan Transport Function: Tel2: +977-9842026132 Kathmandu Email: Fax: +977-023-580068 Fleet Routes / Areas of operation Kathmandu

Vehicle type Quantity Capacity per type Total capacity Condition 10 Mt 8 17 Mt 2 Total fleet capacity 250 mt

Transport Company & Address Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Name: Khageswor Bohra Tel1: +977-01-4243865 Shiva Shakti Dhuwani Sewa Function: Proprietor Tel2: +977-091-522517 Dhangadhi, Kathmandu Email: Fax: +977-01-4243865 Fleet Routes / Areas of operation Dhangadhi, Kathmandu

Vehicle type Quantity Capacity per type Total capacity Condition 10 Mt 4 17 Mt 5 Total fleet capacity 200 mt

84/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Additional list of transporters:

Company Name, Contact Person/ Region(s) of Estimated Number Address Telephone/Fax Operation of Trucks Dhamlaxmi Dhuwani Mr. Ram Pokherai All 4 Sewa, Damak +977-023-580068/9842026132 +977-023-580068 (fax) Tulasi Transport, Mr. Pintu Jodhani Eastern 17 Damak, Biratnagar +977-023-540190/9852678363 +977-023-540144 (fax) Chitwan Good Carriers, Mr. Amit Prasad Shrestha Western, Far 2 Nepalgunj +977-081-550384/550918 Western +977-081-522044 (fax) Tridev Dev Dhuwani Mr. Jitendra Karki (MD) Central, 4 Sewa, Dhangadhi +977-091-524003/523805/524124 Western, Far +977-091-523635 (fax) Western K.K. Dhuwani Sewa, Mr. K.K. Pun Western, Far 4 Dhangadhi/Kathmandu +977-091-523805/522589/9749005180 Western +977-091-524648 (fax) Airlight Express Courier Ganesh Kafle (Officer In charge) Central, 2 P. Ltd. (TNT), +977-01-4493692 Western, Far Kathmandu +977-01-4474508 (fax) Western New Khaptad Dhuwani Dhurba Khadaka Far Western 2 Sewa, Nepalgunj, Banke +977-081-522834

Trishakti Transport, Mr. Hem Basnet Central, Eastern 4 Damak/Kathmandu +977-023-581186/9852670733/ +977-01-4281060 +977-023-582581 (fax) Shree Kalpataru Carrier, Mr. Mohan Dakal Central, Eastern 6 Birtamod/Damak +977-023-580487/540332/9842621758 +977-023-580487 (fax) Salli Chaurjhari Dhuwani Padam Rawat Central, 2 Sewa, Nepalgunj/Banke +977-01-9748000807 Western, Far Western Kalika Dhuwani Sewa, Harish Chandra Central, 2 Nepalgunj/Banke +977-01-9858022807/081-522807 Western, Far Western Siddhi Ganes Transport, Krishna Murari Central, Far 2 Nepalgunj/Banke +977-081-522319 Wesetern

3.3. Vehicle Rental

Rental Car Company Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Vehicle Description Name & Address Name: All Nepal Vehicle Service Tel1: +977-01-4428051 Title: Lazimpat, Tel2: +977-01-98510-36049 Car, Van, Hiace, Jeep, Email: Nill Sarashotisthan, (mobile) Coaster, MB Bus, Bus [email protected] Kathmandu, Nepal Fax:

Nepal Everest Trans Tel1: +977-01-4443633 Car, Van, Hiace, Coaster, Service Pvt, Ltd. Name: Tel2: +977-01-9851043540 Jeep, Pajero, Mini-Bus, PO Box 19676 Title: (mobile) Tata Bus, Luxury Hitti PokhariLaldurbar Email: Fax: Coaches Kathmandu, Nepal Car, Van, Coaster, Hiace, Vajra Transport Service Name: Tel1: +977-01-4430290 Landcruiser, Prado, Naxal, Narayanchaur, Title: Tel2: +977-01-4430409 Pajero, Mini-bus, Coach, Kathmandu, Nepal Email: Fax: +977-1-443290 Truck

Name: Your Vehicle Service (P) Title: Tel1: +977-01-4427273 Car, Van, Hiace, Jeep, Ltd. Email: Tel2: +977 9851091470 Landcruiser, WD, Mini- Naxal, Nagpokhari [email protected] Fax: Bus, Coaster Kathmandu, Nepal

85/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 3.4. Taxi Companies

Taxi Company Name Address Tel & Fax Annapurna Cab Kathmandu, Nepal Tel1: +977-01-5521058 Lalitpur Tel2: Fax: GPO Box 4016 Tel1: +977-01-4410633 Comfort Cab Service Baluwatar Tel2: +977-01- 4433466

Kathmandu, Nepal Fax: GPO Box 6737 Tel1: + 977-01-4472186 Exim Cab Ltd. Sifal Tel2:

Kathmandu, Nepal Fax: GPO Box 11630 Tel1: +977-01-5525105 Gun Taxi Service Pulchowk Tel2:

Kathmandu, Nepal Fax: GPO Box 8257 Tel1: +977-01-4480512 Kailash Cab Company Boudha Tel2: +977-01-4481820

Kathmandu, Nepal Fax: +977-01-4481820 New Road Tel1: +977-01- 4224374 Night Taxi Service Kathmandu, Nepal Tel2: +977-01-4266642

Fax: Tel1: +977-01-4601663 Panda Cab Ltd. Kathmandu, Nepal Tel2:

Fax: Narayangadh Tel1: +977-01-520434 Chitwan Taxi Services Ltd. Bharatpur Tel2: +977-01-521509

Fax: Bharatpur Tel1: +977-01-521137 Gangadharam Taxi Sewa Ltd. Bharatpur, Nepal Tel2:

Fax: Srijana Chowk Tel1: +977-01-520223 Anna Cab Service, Ltd. Pokhara, Nepal Tel2:

Fax: Rani Pauwa Tel1: +977-01-520278 Fishtail Cab Ltd. Pokhara, Nepal Tel2: +977-01-520878

Fax: Mahendra Pool Tel1: +977-01-440848 J. K. Cab Limited Pokhara, Nepal Tel2:

Fax: Nag Dhunga Tel1: +977-01-520681 Pokhara Cab Ltd. Pokhara, Nepal Tel2:

Fax: +977-01-523423 Mahendra Pool Tel1: +977-01-521591 Thorungla Cab Ltd. Pokhara, Nepal Tel2: +977-01-525691

Fax: Butwal-6, Palpa Road Tel1: +977-01-542606 Palpa Bhairab Taxi Sewa Bhairawa, Nepal Tel2:

Fax:

3.5. Freight Forwarding Agents

Nepal relies heavily on imports, partcularily from India. Not only do much of the goods consumed in Nepal originate in India but the main port of entry for goods imported from other countries into Nepal also pass through India, namely the Kolkata Port. Importers into Nepal utilize a variety of freight forwarders, some based both in Kolkata and Nepal. As can be expected, there are a number of large freight forwarders with multiple offices located at various entry points and there are also many smaller ones that focus on specific locations. The Nepal Freight Forwarders Association (NEFFA) is a trade organization comprised of a large number of companies in Nepal engaged as freight forwarders and shipping agents. For a complete list of NEFFA members, go to www.neffa.org.np. The contact information for NEFFA is:

Nepal Freight Forwarders Association P.O. Box No. 20283 Naxal, Kathmandu Tel: + 977-1-4419769; Fax: + 977-1-4423735 E-mail: [email protected]

86/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Freight Forwarder Name Freight Forwarding & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax & Address Clearing services Interstate Multi-Modal Name: Mr. R. B. Rauniar Transport Ltd. Authorized clearing agent, Title: Managing Director Tel1: +977-01-4271473 Shiva Sabitri Sadan, 240 international freight Email: Tel2: +977-01-4283863 Red Cross Marg - 1, forwarder, warehousing and [email protected] Fax: +977-01- 4271570 Kalimati (KMC Ward No. transport.

13), Kathmandu (West)

Freight Forwarder Name Freight Forwarding & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax & Address Clearing services Name: Guru Clearing Agency (East Authorized clearing agent, Title: Tel1: +91-33-222-10546/47 Bulk Co. Ltd.) international freight Email: Tel2: +91-33-248-5667 8 Lyons Range forwarder, warehousing and [email protected] Fax: +91-33-222-10436 Kolkata transport.

Freight Forwarder Name Freight Forwarding & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax & Address Clearing services Name: Title: Indo-Nepal and Indo- Tel1: +91-33-222-94334/ Email: [email protected] Bhutan customs clearance Nepal Bhutan Roadways 23296860 [email protected] and transhipment Pvt. Ltd, Kolkata Tel2: http://www.nepalbhutanroad door to door consignment Fax: +91- 33-222-94334 ways.com/services.html delivery, shipping services

Freight Forwarder Name Freight Forwarding & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax & Address Clearing services Lee & Muirhead Name: Largest customs clearing 5 Clive Row Tel1: +91-33-224-81749 Title: agent in India, warehousing Kolkata, Email: and distribution 700001, India

3.6. Handling Equipment

Company Name & Equipment description Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Address (for sale or rental) RP Supplier and Trade Mr. Ram Prashad Barakoti Tel1: +977-23-540321 Pallets centre (Owner) Tel2: +977-9852676225 Tel1: +977-23-580773 Pallets: size 7*2.5ft. price: Shree Ganesh Traiding Mr. Rajendra Dhakal Tel2: +977-9852670244 2500Rp/piece Tel1: +977-81-526454 Swea Furniture Ram Sewak (Manager) Pallets

BS traders and general Tel1: +977-9848023064 Shankar Shaha Pallets: 5*3ft; 1500 Rp/piece Order supplier Pushkar Pandal (Managing TQM international Tel1: +977- 9851010914 Forklift (Supplier) Director) Forklift owner Suresh Shrestha Tel1: +977- 9841236862 Forklift rent Nepal Airlines Corporation Iamsal Jee (Cargo Manager) Tel1: +977-01-6221540 Forklift rent Tel1: +977-01-4271473 IMT PvT Ltd R.B. Rauniyar Forklift rent 051621429

3.7. Electricity / Power

Nepal has tremendous hydro-electric power potential due to the large number of rivers within the country. However, the most widely used type of hydro-electric generator currently being used in Nepal is the “run-in-river” type which relies totally on constant river flow for operation. There are few hydro generating facilities in Nepal that are equipped with water storage capacity to even out the supply of power. Because of this, load-shedding has become commonplace in Nepal. Load-shedding, the planned rationing of the electrical supply, occurs routinely and the national electricity provider, Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA), publishes the schedule so businesses and the general public can plan 87/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 accordingly. There are other causes for load-shedding such as civil unrest but in general the main cause is low river water volume. With the apparent increase in global temperatures, the usual heavy snowfalls and snow cover in the Himalaya Range have declined. This phenomenon is blamed for most of the load-shedding. The NEA has embarked on an aggressive expansion program to extend service to more of the rural areas of Nepal. However, some statistics show that only 15 percent of the have access to electricity. The majority of electricity consumed in Nepal comes from hydro sources while there is some thermal and diesel production.

Main Producer / Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Website Distributor & Address Name: Arjun Kumar Kari Tel: 977-01-4227725 Nepal Electricity Title: Managing Director www.nea.org.np Tel2: [email protected] Authority (NEA) Fax: 977-01-4227025

Summary of Role and Services: The primary objective of NEA is to generate, transmit and distribute adequate, reliable and affordable power by planning, constructing, operating and maintaining all generation, transmission and distribution facilities in Nepal's power system.

3.7.1. Electricity Generation

Production Unit Type6 Installed capacity (MW) Current Production (MW) Kaligandaki Hydro 144 144 Marshyangdi Hydro 69 69 Kulekhani I Hydro 60 60 Khimti Hydro 60 60 Bhote Koshi Hydro 36 36 Kulekhani II Hydro 32 32

Imported from India to help Imported 30 MW (2009) reduce 16 hr loadshedding to 14hrs.

3.7.2. Supply

The electrical power supply in Nepal is 230 volts – 50 cycles. Two types of electrical plugs are commonly used: the standard non-grounded Europlug (CEE7/16) and the grounded India plug (BS-546-small).

6 E.g. hydroelectric power, thermal power… 88/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05

Power Stability Power grid / network coverage See map above Is supply regular and constant throughout the country? Yes No Please describe Load shedding, occurs regularly due to low water levels On average, how often does power supply go out? Daily On average, how long does the outage last? 6-12 hours/ day

89/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 3.8. Manual Labour Rates

Daily Market/Labour Rates in Various Districts Kathmandu Category Rate/NRS Remarks 1 Porter 500.00 per day 2 Loader 500.00 per day 3 Watchman/Guard 700.00 per day 4 Storekeeper 700.00 per day Nepalgunj Category Rate/NRS Remarks 1 Porter 150.00 per day 2 Loader 150.00 per day 3 Watchman/Guard 38.70 per hour 4 Storekeeper 250.00 per day Dadeldhura Category Rate/NRS Remarks 1 Porter 2.30 per kg per Kosh 2 Loader 170.00 per day 3 Watchman/Guard 175.00 per day 4 Storekeeper No information Damak Category Rate/NRS Remarks 1 Porter 300.00 per day 2 Loader 300.00 per day 3 Watchman/Guard 250.00 per day 4 Storekeeper 250.00 per day

3.9. Telecommunications

3.9.1. Overview Nepal has one of the least developed telephone networks in the world, however, all major towns have telephone/internet shops that offer inexpensive internet call options. Most district headquarters have government-operated telephone offices. Private phone shops charge Rs 15-50 per minute for domestic long distance calls. Public phones in Nepal are practically nonexistent. An enquiry phone directory, 197, operates throughout Nepal and is operated in Nepalese. Nepali numbers are always eight digits long: in the Kathmandu Valley the area code 01 is followed by six-digit number; elsewhere, a three-digit area code is followed by a five-digit number. The international code for Nepal is 977.

Nepal Telecom or Nepal Telecommunications Corporation (NT/NTC) is the leading and the largest telecommunication company of Nepal. It is also known as Nepal Doorsanchar Company Limited (NDCL). A former government monopoly, it was converted into a Public Limited Company on April 14, 2004. However, as of January 2007, no shares have been issued to the public yet. Nepal Telecom was the only provider of basic telephony services in Nepal until United Telecom Limited started providing services in 2003. The Central Office of Nepal Telecom is located at Bhadrakali, Kathmandu. It has branches, exchanges and other offices in 184 locations within the country. It is the sole provider of PSTN, ISDN and Leased-Line services in Nepal. Following the entry of Spice Nepal into Nepal's telecommunications industry, it is no longer the only provider of GSM service. With 4,828 employees, Nepal Telecom is one of the largest corporations of Nepal. It has a total of 243 telephone exchanges in various parts of the country serving 559,380 PSTN lines, more than 2.7 million GSM cellular phones and 716,000 CDMA phone lines. A new phone company, Nepal Satellite Telecom, PVT, Ltd, has begun operations in Nepal as of October 2009.

90/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Telephone services Is there a landline telephone network? Yes No Does it allow reliable international calls? Yes No On average, length of downtime periods for 1-24 hours landline connections Is there a mobile phone network? Yes No See www.gsmworld.com/roaming/gsminfo/index.shtml for Estimated availability and coverage provider details and coverage maps. Also see the websites below for each phone company. Must apply directly to telephone company and provide proof of ownership or legal authority, in the case of a Procedure to obtain subscription business, plus a deposit. For a mobile phone, you must apply directly with telephone company.

Internet Services Providers Are there ISPs available? Yes No Main Providers Nepal Telecom, Worldlink, Subisu Type available dial-up ADSL GPRS V-SAT Maximum leasable ‘dedicated’ bandwidth 100 Mb/sec Estimated availability and coverage Depends on each individual provider Apply directly to phone company for phones. Must obtain Procedure to obtain subscription license from Nepal Telecom Authority for V-SAT.

3.9.2. Providers

Company Name & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Services Description Address Basic Telephony, ISDN GSM Cellular Telephony Email, Internet Leased Line, WebSMS, Mobile Customer Care Payphone, CDMA Tel1: +977-01-5544130/1, Jawalakhel, Lalitpur Network as SkyPhone, 5536877 Nepal Telecom Tripureshwor, Kathmandu Wireless Loop Link, Fax: Phone: 4216401 CDMA EV-DO, 3G, Website: http://www.ntc.net.np Intelligent Network, VMS, GPRS Service, Multimedia Messaging, MMS, DDN, ADSL

Tel1: +977-980-555-4444 Fax: +977-980-555-4488 Voice, SMS, Call Spice Nepal Private Ltd. Name: Website: Forwarding, Fax, (SNPL) Title: http://www.spicenepal.com/ Conference call, Mobile Krishna Tower Email: Customer Care-Call Center internet, voice mail, New Baneshwor [email protected] Contact No: 9005, +977-980-900- MMS, PRBT, Kathmandu-10, Nepal. 5000, +977-980-555-9005 International Roaming

91/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05

Registered Internet Service Providers

Name and Address URL Computer Click Online Pvt. Ltd. http://www.ccsl.com.np Putalisadak, Kathmandu Everest Net Pvt. Ltd. http://www.enet.com.np/ Ekantakuna, Jawalakhel, Lalitpur Fewa Net Pvt. Ltd. http://www.fewanet.com.np/ Pokhara, Kaski Global Internet Services Pvt. Ltd. http://www.gispl.com.np/ Ward No-3, Area, Lalitpur Himal Technologies Pvt. Ltd. http://www.himaltech.com/ 5409 Jayabageswori, Kathmandu Himalayan Online Service Pvt. Ltd. http://www.hons.com.np/ Durbar Marg, Kathmandu I MAX Pvt. Ltd. http://www.imax.com.np/ Ranjana Galli, New Road, Kathmandu Infocom Pvt. Ltd. http://www.info.com.np/ Hattisar, Kathmandu Mercantile Communications Pvt. Ltd http://www.mos.com.np/ Durbar Marg, Kathmandu Nepal DoorSanchar Company Limited http://www.ntc.net.np/ Pulchowk, Lalitpur

Netlink Communications Pvt. Ltd http://www.netlink.com.np/ Bagwatimarg , Naxal, kathmandu

Personal Broadband Nepal Pvt. Ltd. http://www.pbn.com.np (Address not available)

Sailung Dot Com Pvt. Ltd. http://www.sailung.com/ Bhanuchowk, Dharan Square Network Pvt. Ltd. http://www.snet.com.np/ Sanepa-2 , Lalitpur Subisu Cablenet Pvt. Ltd. http://www.subisu.net.np/ Baluwatar, Kathmandu Via Net Communications Pvt. Ltd. http://www.vianet.com.np/ Pulchowk, Lalitpur Worldlink Communications Pvt. Ltd http://www.wlink.com.np/ Jawalakhel, Lalitpur

92/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 3.9.3. Telecommunications Regulations Nepal Telecommunications Authority (NTA) is the entity in charge of telecommunications sector development in Nepal. The Radio Communication (License) Regulation, 2049 (1992), guides NTA in carrying out its mandate.

Regulations Regulations on usage or import of: Regulating Authority Satellite Yes No Nepal Telecommunications Authority HF Radio Yes No Nepal Telecommunications Authority UHF / VHF radio (handheld, base or mobile) Yes No Nepal Telecommunications Authority UHF / VHF repeaters Yes No Nepal Telecommunications Authority GPS Yes No Nepal Telecommunications Authority VSAT Yes No Nepal Telecommunications Authority

Procedures can be found on the following website: What are the procedures for the importation http://www.nta.gov.np/en/index.php, however most of the procedure of ICT equipment? describing documents on the site are in Nepalese.

3.9.4. Existing Humanitarian Telecoms Systems

The UN Department of Safety and Security maintains a comprehensive high frequency (HF) and very high frequency (VHF) network for UN agencies and NGOs.

93/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Existing UN Telecommunication Systems

Organisations Î UNDSS UNHCR UNMIN WFP NGOs NGOs

Ch.1 - Ch.6 - VHF frequencies 8 1 3 Emerg only General use HF frequencies 10 1 10 Repeaters 30 1 3 VSAT 2 1 4

3.10. Food Sources

3.10.1. Main Food Sources Types of food consumed: Rice, wheat, maize, millet, potatoes, pulses, fruits, vegetables.

The most popular Nepalese food includes a dish called ‘dhal bhat tarkari’. Dhal bhat tarkari consists of rice (bhat), curried vegetables (tarkari) and a type of lentil soup knows as dhal. Bhat is a staple Nepalese food. However, in areas where rice is scarce, primarily in poor and high-altitude areas, the staple food is usually dhiro, a thick mush that is produced from corn or millet.

Nepal has been heavily affected by the increase in food prices. The year 2008 was a year marked by unprecedented food price increases across the country. This trend largely correlated with regional and global price hikes associated with the ‘global food crisis’ and occurred despite relatively strong harvests. At the beginning of 2008, due to a number of prevailing market factors, Nepal was particularly vulnerable to the global food crisis. Factors included: stagnating agricultural production with heavy reliance on seasonal rainfall, heavy reliance on food and oil imports, poor transportation infrastructure and a high percentage of average household income, 60 percent, spent on food. The rapid price increase of staple foods had a significant impact on the purchasing power on many, especially the poor. High food prices have continued since 2008 up to the present. Nepal continues to rely more and more on food imports. In addition, WFP provided food to almost 3 million people during the past year. Nepal has many producers of food however the increasing price of it makes it difficult to obtain for many.

Company Name & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Food commodities Address Name: Mr. Binod Sharma Tel: +977-01-4437991 K. L. Dugar Group Title: Admin Manager Rice, Lentil, Sugar, Oil, Ghee Fax: +977-01-4437990 Kathmandu Email: [email protected] and WSB Website:

Name: Mr. Satish Kumar Bohra Tel: +977-01-4266861 Bohra Industries Title: Director Fax: +977-01-4220575 Rice, Lentil, Sugar and Oil Kathmandu Email: [email protected] Website:

Name: Pawan K. Agrawal Tel: +977-01-4279459 Title: Proprietor Rice, Lentil, Sugar, Oil and Shyambaba Enterprises Fax: +977-01-4279075 Email: [email protected] Ghee Kathmandu Website:

Name: Mr. Malchand Dugar Tel: +977-01-4225009 T, M. Dugar Group Title: Director Rice, Lentil, Sugar, Oil and Fax: +977-01-4248695 Kathmandu Email: [email protected] Ghee Website:

Name: Basant K. Chaudhary Title: Director Tel: +977-01-4221260 Chaudhary Group Rice, Lentil, Sugar, WSB and Email: Fax: +977-01-4226293 Kathmandu Oil [email protected] Website:

Name: Mr. rajendra P Agrawal Title: Director Tel: +977-21536252 Centuri Food Packing and Email: Fax: NA Rice and Lentil Processing Ltd. [email protected] Website:

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3.10.2 Other than Food Sources

Item / Category Company Name & Address Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax description Name: Mr.Manoj Kumar Kedia Tel1: +977-71-5980038 Brij Cement Industries Pvt. Ltd Title: Managing Director Fax: +977-71-527028 cement Rupandehi Email: [email protected] Website:

Name: Mr. Bishnu P Naupane Jagdamba Cement Industries Tel1: +977-1-4111500 Title: Managing Director Pvt.Ltd Fax: +977-1-411634 cement Email: [email protected] Kathmandu Website:

Name: Ramesh Kumar Agrawal Title: Managing Director Hetauda Cement Industries Tel1: +977-57-520352 Email: Pvt.Ltd Fax: +977-57-521023 cement [email protected] Chitwan Website:

Name: Mr. Jiwan Lal Piya Tel1: +977-01-4350384 Chirag Foam Industries Pvt.Ltd Title: Managing Director Fax: +977-01-4350906 Plastic sheeting Kathmandu Email: [email protected] Website:

Name: Mr. Ajit Pareek Tel1: +977-57-521702, Title: Managing Director Everest Polymers Pvt. Ltd. 522871, 524238 Email: Plastic sheeting Chitwan Fax: +977-57-522412 [email protected] Website:

Name: Mr. Kamal Jain Tel1: +977-021-528967 Hilltake Industries (P) Ltd. Plastic Water Storage Title: General Manager Fax: +977-01-4282818 Morang Tank Email: [email protected] Website: Name: Mr. Surwarn Mani Upadhaya Tel1: +977-01-4227013 Jagdamba Synthetics Pvt.Ltd Plastic Water Storage Title: General Manager Fax: +977-01-4227004 Kathmandu Tank Email: [email protected] Website:

Name: Niranjan Lal shrestha Tel1: +977-01-4495716 SRESSO Wollen Mills Title: Chairman Fax: +977-1-4471026 Blanket Kathmandu Email: [email protected] Website:

Name: Mr. G P Dahal Title: General Manager Tel1: +977-01-4437991 Yeti Fabric Ltd. Email: ramesh- Fax: +977-01-4437990 Blanket Kathmandu [email protected] Website:

Name: Binod Sharma Title: Admni Manager Tel1: +977-01-4437991 KL Dugar Group Email: Fax: +977-01-4437990 Blanket Kathmandu [email protected] Website:

Name: Mr. Deepak Thapaliya Tel1: +977-01-4411865 Al-Tech (p) Ltd. Title: Director Fax: +977-01-4413838 Building materials Kathmandu Email: [email protected] Website:

Name: Pradeep Kumar Panchakanya Iron Industries Shrestha Tel1: +977-01-4225490 Pvt. Ltd Title: Managing Director Fax: +977-01-4226314 Building materials Kathmandu Email: [email protected] Website:

Name: Padam Jyoti Tel1: +977-1-4225490 Himal Iron and Steel (P) Ltd. Title: Managing Director Fax: +977-1-4226314 Building materials Kathmandu Email: [email protected] Website:

Name: Bipin Tel1: +977-1-4350997 Balaju Aluminum Title: Owner Fax: Kitchen sets Kathmandu Email: Website:

95/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 3.11. Accommodation

The accommodation options are plentiful in Kathmandu but can be quite limited in the field locations. Here is a website for more information on the hotels in Nepal: http://www.hotelnepal.com/

Company Name & Comments & Contact Names & Email Tel & Fax Address Services Tel1: +977-01-4491234 Name: Fax: +977-01-449 0033 Title: Website: Hyatt Regency, Boudhha $165-180 Email: http://kathmandu.regency.hyatt.co [email protected] m/hyatt/hotels/index.jsp

Dwarika’s Hotel, P.O.Box- Tel1: +977-01- 4479488/ 459, Battisputali Name: 4470770 Kathmandu, Nepal Title: Fax: +977-01-4471379/4478378 Email: Website: $360 single room [email protected] http://www.dwarikas.com/index1.h tml

Tel1: +977-01-4273999 Soaltee Crowne Plaza, Fax: Tahachal, Name: Website: Tahachal Kathmandu, Title: http://www.crowneplaza.com/h/d/c Nepal PO box 97 Email: p/1/en/home Kathmandu, Nepal

Hotel Yak n Yeti, Name: Tel1: +977-01-4248999, 4240520 Durbarmarg Title: Fax: +977-01-4227781/ 4227782 GPO Box no. 1016, Durbar Email: Website: $185 Marg, [email protected] http://www.yakandyeti.com//home/ Kathmandu, Nepal index.php

Hotel de’l Annapurna, Name: Tel1: +977-01–4221711 Durbarmarg Title: Fax: +977-01-4225236 Hotel de l' Annapurna, GPO Email: Website: http://www.annapurna- Box 140, Durbar Marg, [email protected] hotel.com/ Kathmandu, Nepal Greenwich Village Hotel, Name: Tel1: +977-01-5521780, 5522399 Kupondole Title: Fax: +977-01-5526683 PO Box 837, Kupondole Email: Website: Height [email protected] http://www.greenwichnepal.com/ Lalitpur, Kathmandu, Nepal. Tel1: +977-01-5523900 Name: Fax: +977-01-5523909 Title: Hotel Himalaya, Website: Email: $140 http://www.himalayahotel.com.np/l Kupondole [email protected]. ocal_information.php np

Tel1: +977-01-5221810 Name: Fax: +977-01-5523737 Summit Hotel, Title: Website: http://www.summit- Email: [email protected] Kupondole, Kathmandu nepal.com/

Name: Tel1: +977-01-4451212 Le Meridien, Gokarna Title: Fax: Email: Website:

96/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 4. Scenarios and Contingencies

The following sub-chapters attempt to map the potential scenarios as outlined in various inter-agency contingency plans, their impact, and expected responses.

4.1. Refugees and IDPs

Refugee Situation in Nepal UNHCR reports that there are currently approximately 89,000 refugees from Bhutan and 20,000 refugees from Tibet living in Nepal. The refugee situation in Nepal has been ongoing for over ten years and there are now seven established camps in the Eastern Region. Due to the civil unrest in Nepal in the recent years, there are approximately 50,000 IDPs. Should the political situation continue to improve, this number will decrease. The refugee situation is expected to improve with significant numbers of refugees resettling in third countries.

The presence of refugees from Bhutan in the seven camps has at times been perceived as harmful to the environment and the economic prospects of the host community. The perception that services available in the camps are better than those for nationals has also led to resentment from refugee host communities. UNHCR and its NGO partners are working with the Government, refugees and civil society to improve relations between refugees and the host communities.

Refugee Camps in Nepal

4.2. Food Security

Potential Most Likely Location Estimated Relief Items Who? Quantity Case Load Far- and Mid- Food ration Western Hill and WFP food basket WFP and 1.3 million in according to Mountain Seeds partnering Winter Drought need WFP Districts Fertilizer agencies standards

Detailed information on food security situation in Nepal can be found in: Crop and Food Security Report - May 2009 MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND COOPERATIVES WORLD FOOD PROGRAM. http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/RWFiles2009.nsf/FilesByRWDocUnidFilename/PSLG-7SHDEZ- full_report.pdf/$File/full_report.pdf

97/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 4.3. Natural Disasters

Potential Case Most Likely Location Estimated Relief Items Who? Quantity Load Far-West Shelter: family kits, plastic sheeting, and blankets Midwest 6,000 killed WASH: hygiene kits Log Cluster NFIs for Moderate regions 20,000 injured Generators Participants, 100,000 earthquake around 70,000 Mobile storage units MoH people Pokhara, homeless Communications equipment east around Food Biratnagar Logistics Considerations (e.g. existing capacities / augmentation vis a vis scenario) Shelter 10-50% of all buildings destroyed. Relief operations in urban centers hampered by rubble and debris. Water & Sanitation 50% of water pumping stations and treatment plants disrupted > 2 x months. 75% of water distribution system interrupted > 2 months. Breaks and leaks likely all along storage and distribution network. General Power Generation & Transmission 40% of power transmission towers and lines disrupted > 1 x month. All transformer sub-stations disrupted > 1 x month. Communications 60% of wired voice and data communications disrupted > 1 x month. Mobile phone networks damaged or destroyed; voice and data coverage significantly reduced, especially in rural areas. Temporary storage such as Rubbhall warehousing will be needed closer to the disaster response Storage sites. It is advisable to have appropriate stock in country now as part of the national contingency plans. A likely scenario will be that many smaller feeder roads will likely be damaged by landslides making Transport transport of relief goods difficult. Alternative routing along likely unaffected routes should be determined as part of the overall contingency planning process.

Potential Case Most Likely Location Estimated Relief Items Who? Quantity Load 150-1,500 killed, 100-250 injured,

6,000-12,000 Shelter: family kits, plastic sheets, All families displaced Floods and blankets regions (moderate flood), landslides WASH: hygiene kits Log Cluster NFIs for 60,000 displaced Generators Participants, 80,000 (severe flood) Mobile storage units MoH people

Communications equipment Prior Flood Food statistics:

1,400 killed,

490,000 displaced

(1993),

113 killed, 62,000

displaced (1999),

451 killed, 385,000 displaced (2002) Logistics Considerations (e.g. existing capacities / augmentation vis a vis scenario) Shelter Temporary loss of shelter; some buildings and dwellings damaged or destroyed. Water & Sanitation Municipal water and sanitation systems shut down; some damaged or destroyed. Individual water storage tanks on homes and buildings remain intact. Raw sewage will be released into water flows increasing likelihood of outbreaks of disease General such as cholera. Power Generation & Transmission Power transmission towers and lines remain largely intact; some isolated breaks possible. Isolated damage to transformer sub-stations possible. Communications Wired voice and data communications subject to isolated disruptions. Mobile phone networks remain intact, although some isolated outages are possible. Storage Limited storage facilities will be available near disaster sites.

98/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Isolated “islands” of land will be created, accessible only via boat. Primary roads disrupted due to water flows. Bridges damaged or destroyed, especially along mountainous roads. Secondary roads impassible due to blockages and continuing standing water, especially in low-lying areas. Transport Ground access to international airport in Kathmandu (KTM) remains intact. Fixed-wing air operations at KTM remain intact. Above ground fuel stocks subject to isolated damage; may be unaccessible. Below ground fuel stocks subject to isolated damage; may be unaccessible Fuel distribution networks disrupted.

Potential Worst Case Location Estimated Relief Items Who? Quantity Case Load

40,000 dead Shelter: family kits, plastic sheets, Major Earthquake Kathmandu 95,000 blankets Valley Log Cluster NFIs for 1 injured Wash , hygiene kits Participants, million 600,000- Generators MoH people 900,000 Mobile storage units

homeless, Communications equipment displaced

Logistics Considerations (e.g. existing capacities / augmentation vis a vis scenario) Shelter 20-60% of all buildings destroyed Relief operations in urban centers hampered by rubble and debris. Water & Sanitation 75% of water pumping stations and treatment plants disrupted > 2 x months. 95% of water distribution system interrupted > 2 months. Breaks and leaks likely all along storage and distribution network. General Power Generation & Transmission 60% of power transmission towers and lines disrupted > 1 x month. All transformer sub-stations disrupted > 1 x month. Communications 60% of wired voice and data communications disrupted > 1 x month. Mobile phone networks damaged or destroyed; voice and data coverage significantly reduced, especially in rural areas. Storage Need for mobile storage units (Rubbhall warehouses) Primary roads disrupted due to damage and debris. 50% of bridges damaged or destroyed. Secondary roads impassible due to blockages and continuing landslides. Ground access to international airport in Kathmandu (KTM) disrupted due to destruction of bridges and roads. Transport Fixed-wing air operations at KTM reduced or suspended entirely, due to damage to runways, taxiways, and air traffic control capabilities. Above ground fuel stocks destroyed or inaccessible. Below ground fuel stocks destroyed or inaccessible. Fuel distribution networks disrupted.

4.4. Other

Potential Most Likely Location Estimated Relief Items Who? Quantity Case Load Displacement possible, up Limited Eastern Hills to 2,000 NFIs for (4 districts), individuals in Shelter: family kits, plastic Log Cluster Political unrest 2,000- Terai (15 Eastern Hills sheeting, blankets Participants 40,000 districts) and 37,500 in people Terai districts.

99/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Logistics Considerations (e.g. existing capacities / augmentation vis a vis scenario) Movement into urban areas will strain existing municipal services. General Infrastructure to support camps and other collection points will need to be allocated. Storage Storage will be available within the district. Transport Adequate transport will be available.

Potential Most Likely Location Estimated Relief Items Who? Quantity Case Load Nepal-India MoH, Avian Influensa Small Limited border Medicines, general NFIs WHO, pandemic alert clusters numbers districts NGOs

Potential Worst Case Location Estimated Relief Items Who? Quantity Case Load Estimated high Most parts MoH, Avian Influensa All regions of number of country Medicines, general NFIs WHO, Pandemic Nepal would be affected NGOs 100,000

Logistics Considerations (e.g. existing capacities / augmentation vis a vis scenario) All humanitarian staff will be affected by shortages of supplies as with the rest of the country. General All travel to the affected areas will be restricted and only essential travel related to containment efforts and humanitarian support will be authorized. Storage Current storage facilities will be adequate. Transport Limited travel will be allowed but adequate transport will be available.

100/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 5. Annexes

Annex 1: List of Contacts Principal Government Official with whom WFP deals

Mr. Rameshwor Dangal, Under-Secretary Disaster Management Section Ministry of Home Affairs Phone No.+977-1-4211219/4211200/4211282 Mobile: +977- 9841364009

Government Agency dealing with Emergency Relief and/or Disaster Management

Ministry of Home Affairs Dr. Govinda Prasad Kusum, Secretary Tel: +977-01-4211203 Res: +977-01-4782292 Fax: +977-01-4211246 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.moha.gov.np/

Military and/or Civil Defence Actors

Ministry of Defence Navin Kumar Ghimire, Secretary Tel: +977-01-4211290/4211289 Fax: +977-01-4211294 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.mod.gov.np/index.php

Principal Port Authority

Kolkata Port Trust West Bengal, India Tel: +91-2205370 Website: http://www.kolkataporttrust.gov.in/

River Transport Operations Contacts(s)

Not applicable

Air Cargo Operations Contacts(s)

Nepal Airlines Mr. Kanchan Tilminsena (Mobile: +977-985-1069010) NAC Building, Kantipath Kathmandu Tel: +977-01-4220757/4248614/4244055/4248617 Fax: +977-01-4225348 Email: [email protected]

Air Operations Authorities

Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal (CAAN) Keshav Raj Khanal, Director General Babarmahal, Kathmandu Tel: +977-01-4262387/4262326 Fax: +977-01-4262516 Email: [email protected] Website: www.caanepal.org.np

Road Transport Operations Contact(s)

Nepal Truck Owners Association Teku, Kathmandu Tel: +977-01-217981

Railroad Transport Operations Contact(s)

Nepal Railways Corporation Ltd. (Other than the railway into the Birgunj Dry Port from Rauxal, India, there is no rail cargo capacity in Nepal.)

101/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Government Contact for Rail-Transport Operations

Not applicable

Warehouse Contacts

Nepal Food Corporation Central Office Singhdurbar Plaza Kathmandu Tel: +977-01-4248891/4262427 Email: [email protected] Website: www.nfc.com.np

Cotton Development Board Nepalgunj Tel: +977-081-621222

Milling Contacts

See Chapter 2, Section 2.7.1, for a detailed list of flour mills in Nepal.

NGOs, other Agencies and Relevant Organisations

See Chapter 1, Section 1.2.3.2, for a detailed list of NGOs and relevant organisations.

Annex 2: Relevant Websites applicable to this LCA 1. Country Profile

Country Information

http://www.alertnet.org/db/cp/nepal.htm

http://www.irinnews.org/country.aspx?CountryCode=NPA&RegionCode=ASI

https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/np.html

International Humanitarian Aid Flow

http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/dbc.nsf/doc104?OpenForm&rc=3&cc=npl

Coordination

Nepal Government: http://www.nepalgov.gov.np/

IASC and Cluster Coordination in Nepal: http://www.un.org.np/meetings/iasc/

Capacities to Respond to Emergencies

NRCS (Nepal Red Cross Society): http://www.nrcs.org/home/index.php

IFRC Nepal: http://www.ifrc.org/where/country/cn6.asp?countryid=123

Care Nepal: http://www.carenepal.org/

Save the Children Nepal: http://www.savethechildren.org/countries/asia/nepal.html

World Vision International Nepal: http://nepal.wvasiapacific.org/

UNICEF Nepal: http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/nepal.html

UNHCR Nepal: http://www.unhcr.org/pages/49e487856.html

Ministry of Home Affairs; Disaster Management: http://www.drrgon.gov.np/en/

102/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 2. Logistics Infrastructure

Port Assessment

Kolkata Port Trust: http://kolkataporttrust.gov.in/

Airport Assessment

Nepal Civil Aviation: http://www.caanepal.org.np/

Tribhuvan International Airport: http://www.tiairport.com.np/oldsite/; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribhuvan_International_Airport

Roads Assessment

Ministry of Physical Planning and Works, Department of Roads http://www.dor.gov.np/

Road maps per district, includes all 75 districts http://www.dor.gov.np/road_statistic_2008/districts.php

Road coverage by district http://www.dor.gov.np/road_statistic_2008/Report%20Pages/annex/Annex3.pdf

List of strategic roads and status http://www.dor.gov.np/road_statistic_2008/Report%20Pages/tables/208.pdf

List of bridges per district http://www.dor.gov.np/road_statistic_2008/Report%20Pages/tables/232.pdf

Department of Roads, Strategic Road Network Inventory by district and region http://www.un.org.np/DisasterPreparedness/disaster-preparedness- docs/Consolidated%20ISDR%20Flagships_Final-09Oct2009.pdf

Schematic drawing of the SRN http://www.dor.gov.np/road_statistic_2008/Report%20Pages/annex/Annex5.pdf

Corridors, SASEC, South Asia Sub-regional Cooperation: http://www.adb.org/SASEC/default.asp

Railway Assessment

Information on Nepal railways: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal_Railways

3. Logistics Related Services

Fuel

Nepal Oil Corporation: http://www.nepaloil.com/main/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal_Oil_Corporation

Freight Forwarding Agents

Nepal Freight Forwarding Association (contains list of agents with details) http://www.neffa.org.np/all_members.php?type=active

List of freight forwarding agents with details: http://www.azfreight.com/azworld/aw21505.cfm

Electricity / Power

Nepal Electricity Authority: http://www.nea.org.np/

Nepal Telecom: http://www.ntc.net.np/

Telecommunications Regulations

Nepal Telecommunications Authority: http://www.nta.gov.np/en/

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Refugees & IDPs

UNHCR Nepal: http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/page?page=49e487856

Food Security

Crop and Food Security Assessment Joint Assessment Report - May 2009 MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND COOPERATIVES WORLD FOOD http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/RWFiles2009.nsf/FilesByRWDocUnidFilename/PSLG-7SHDEZ- full_report.pdf/$File/full_report.pdf

Crop and Food Security Assessment, 2008/09 Winter Drought in Nepal, MoA, WFP, FAO http://reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/db900sid/PSLG-7SHDEZ?OpenDocument

Natural Disasters

Earthquake Contingency Plan 2008, Nepal Red Cross Society http://www.nrcs.org/publication/nrcs_plicy_plan_strategy.php

National Strategy for Disaster Risk Management in Nepal, March 2008 http://www.undp.org.np/pdf/NSDRMFinalDraft.pdf

"Disaster Risk Reduction Management in Nepal" country paper by Shambhu Prasad Marasini http://www.drrgon.gov.np/upload/files/Country%20Paper_DRRM_51.pdf

http://www.nepaldisaster.org/download/Pratap.pdf

http://www.un.org.np/DisasterPreparedness/disaster-preparedness- docs/Consolidated%20ISDR%20Flagships_Final-09Oct2009.pdf

Other

Contingency Plan For An Influenza Pandemic, August 2008, United Nations System-Nepal http://www.un.org.np/reports/UNO/2009/2009-01-27-UN-Contingency-Plan.pdf

Emergencies Contingency Plan 2009, Education Cluster http://www.unicef.org/nepal/EducationClusterContingencyPlan.2009.pdf

Suppliers, Transporters, General Service providers

See Chapter 3, Section 3.2 for a detailed list of transporters and Section 3.10 for a list of local suppliers.

Annex 3: Maps Road maps per district (all 75 districts) http://www.dor.gov.np/road_statistic_2008/districts.php

OCHA map centre http://www.un.org.np/maps/maps.php

Annex 4: Miscellaneous Living Conditions The tourism industry has driven the introduction of new hotels, restaurants and fast food centers all across the country. Therefore it is relatively easy to find a restaurant of your choice in major cities. However the prices might vary drastically from one restaurant to another depending on its standard or class. Tipping in standard hotels and restaurants is not compulsory as a ten percent service charge is included in the bill. Here are some of the recommended hotels and restaurants in Kathmandu. For health and fitness there are few adequately equipped fitness gyms in the city like: Clark Hatch Fitness Center, Radisson Hotel, Lazimpat; Mahendra Police Club, Bhrikuti Mandap; Eshani Club, KalankiInternational Club of Nepal, Sanepa ; Adventure Travellers Club; Hardic Fitness Centre, Pulchowk; Flex Fitness, Naku; Jasmin, WTC, Tripuraswer.

104/105 IA LCA – Nepal 2009 Version 1.05 Weather Conditions and Clothing - Monsoon Season (June to September) - Autumn Season (Late September to November) - Winter Season (Late November to January) - Spring Season (February to April) - Summer Season (May to September)

Kathmandu Valley, which is situated at an altitude of 4,297ft (1,310m) has mild climate most of the year. Summer temperature ranges from 67°F to 81°F (19°C - 27°C), and in winter, temperature is between 36°F and 68°F (2°C and 20°C). During the monsoon season, there is an average rainfall between 7.8 inches and 14.7 inches (200mm and 375mm) in Kathmandu. May and June can be hot and humid until the monsoon rain brings some relief. In spring (March to April) and autumn (October to November) the weather is pleasant with occasional short bursts of rain while it is very cold from November to February, especially during night. Spring and autumn seasons are the best seasons of Nepal. Pleasant breezes sweep the plains during these seasons. Spring brings the bloom of flowers to the countryside, while autumn brings a festive mood around the country. Kathmandu and Pokhara valleys are pleasant all year-round while the higher Himalayas are always snow-covered.

Getting Around Getting around Kathmandu is relatively easy with the city's public bus service, taxis, and bicycle rentals. Traveling from Kathmandu to other locations in Nepal is also made simple by scheduled bus service and domestic air services. To catch a taxi in Kathmandu, you can flag one down off the street, as it is the common practice here. Taxi is the most convenient way to get around Kathmandu and Pokhara. Night taxi is more expensive.

Banking Services Banking sector in Nepal has improved in the recent years meeting customer’s needs with its adoption of new technologies. WFP’s official bank is Standard Chartered Bank Nepal Ltd (SCBNL). SCBNL branch office is situated inside the UN house premise which provides services from 9 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. from Monday through Friday. It has ATM machines installed at various convenient places across the valley. The closest machine from WFP office is located near the UN premises. To open a bank account, application forms are available in the Finance Unit. You can contact Mr. Pradeep Upreti for further details.

Health Care Various hospitals, nursing homes and clinics can be easily reached in the valley during an emergency. UN recommends hospitals like Norvic, Om, Medicare for serious illnesses. In extreme circumstances, evacuation to Bangkok or India may be recommended. The requirements of the Government of Nepal for international vaccination certificates under the WHO International Sanitary Regulations should be checked prior to travel. The following inoculations are required and recommended by the United Nations Medical Services which may change: Yellow Fever, Japanese Encephalitis, Tetanus/ Diphtheria/ Typhoid, Rabies and Polio.

Some of the recommended hospitals and clinics are:

NORVIC International Hospital, Thapathali……...+977-01-4258554 Om Hospital and Research Centre, Chabahil……+977-01-4476224 Patan Hospital (Private Appt.), Lagankhel………+977-01-5548007 National Dental Hospital, Lazimpat……………… +977-01-4433697 HAMS Hospital, Tripureshwar………………………+977-01-4261399 Ganga Lal Cardiac Hospital, Bansbari……………+977-01-4371322 CIWEC Dental Clinic, Lainchour……………………+977-01-4440100 American Medical Clinic, Phora Durbar…………+977-01-4221311 Curex Diagnostic Centre, Putali Sadak...... +977- 01-4430814 Midat Clinic, Lagankhel………………………………+977-01-5547370 Nepal International Clinic, Durbar Marg……………+977-01-4434642

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