Ernst Piper Alfred Rosenberg
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4.Murtomäki 2017.10192 Words
Sibelius in the Context of the Finnish-German History Veijo Murtomäki Introduction The life and career of a composer cannot be considered as an isolated case without taking into account the wider context. The history of ideas and ideologies is always part of any serious enquiry into an artist’s personal history. Therefore we must bear in mind at least four points when considering the actions of artist and his or her country. Firstly, as the eminent Finnish historian Matti Klinge has observed, "the biggest challenge for understanding history is trying to situate oneself in the preconditions of the time-period under scrutiny while remembering that it did not know what the posterity knows."[1] Writing history is not primarily a task whereby the historian provides lines for actors to speak, but rather is an attempt to understand and explain why something happened, and to construct a context including all of the possible factors involved in a certain historical process. Secondly, supporting (or not opposing) an ideology prevailing at a certain time does not mean that the supporter (or non-opponent) is committing a crime. We could easily condemn half of the European intellectuals for supporting Fascism, Nazism, Communism or Maoism, or just for having become too easily attracted by these – in their mind – fascinating, visionary ideologies to shape European or world history. Thirdly, history has always been written by the winners – and thus, historiography tends to be distorted by exaggerating the evil of the enemy and the goodness of the victor. A moral verdict must be reached when we are dealing with absolute evil, but it is rare to find exclusively good or bad persons or civilizations; therefore history is rarely an issue of black and white. -
Persecution, Collaboration, Resistance
Münsteraner Schriften zur zeitgenössischen Musik 5 Ina Rupprecht (ed.) Persecution, Collaboration, Resistance Music in the ›Reichskommissariat Norwegen‹ (1940–45) Münsteraner Schrift en zur zeitgenössischen Musik Edited by Michael Custodis Volume 5 Ina Rupprecht (ed.) Persecution, Collaboration, Resistance Music in the ‘Reichskommissariat Norwegen’ (1940–45) Waxmann 2020 Münster x New York The publication was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft , the Grieg Research Centre and the Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster as well as the Open Access Publication Fund of the University of Münster. Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Th e Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografi e; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de Münsteraner Schrift en zur zeitgenössischen Musik, Volume 5 Print-ISBN 978-3-8309-4130-9 E-Book-ISBN 978-3-8309-9130-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31244/9783830991304 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 Waxmann Verlag GmbH, 2020 Steinfurter Straße 555, 48159 Münster www.waxmann.com [email protected] Cover design: Pleßmann Design, Ascheberg Cover pictures: © Hjemmefrontarkivet, HA HHI DK DECA_0001_44, saddle of sources regarding the Norwegian resistance; Riksarkivet, Oslo, RA/RAFA-3309/U 39A/ 4/4-7, img 197, Atlantic Presse- bilderdienst 12. February 1942: Th e newly appointed Norwegian NS prime minister Vidkun Quisling (on the right) and Reichskomissar Josef Terboven (on the left ) walking along the front of an honorary -
Modernism and Fascism in Norway by Dean N. Krouk A
Catastrophes of Redemption: Modernism and Fascism in Norway By Dean N. Krouk A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Scandinavian in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Mark Sandberg, Chair Professor Linda Rugg Professor Karin Sanders Professor Dorothy Hale Spring 2011 Abstract Catastrophes of Redemption: Modernism and Fascism in Norway by Dean N. Krouk Doctor of Philosophy in Scandinavian University of California, Berkeley Professor Mark Sandberg, Chair This study examines selections from the work of three modernist writers who also supported Norwegian fascism and the Nazi occupation of Norway: Knut Hamsun (1859- 1952), winner of the 1920 Nobel Prize; Rolf Jacobsen (1907-1994), Norway’s major modernist poet; and Åsmund Sveen (1910-1963), a fascinating but forgotten expressionist figure. In literary studies, the connection between fascism and modernism is often associated with writers such as Ezra Pound or Filippo Marinetti. I look to a new national context and some less familiar figures to think through this international issue. Employing critical models from both literary and historical scholarship in modernist and fascist studies, I examine the unique and troubling intersection of aesthetics and politics presented by each figure. After establishing a conceptual framework in the first chapter, “Unsettling Modernity,” I devote a separate chapter to each author. Analyzing both literary publications and lesser-known documents, I describe how Hamsun’s early modernist fiction carnivalizes literary realism and bourgeois liberalism; how Sveen’s mystical and queer erotic vitalism overlapped with aspects of fascist discourse; and how Jacobsen imagined fascism as way to overcome modernity’s culture of nihilism. -
Nordic Ideology in the SS and the SS Ahnenerbe 53 Momentum and Drew from Ahnenerbe Resources
NordiN ordicc ldeologyIdeology inin thethe SSSS andand ththee SSSS AhnenerbeAhnenerbe Horst JJungingerunginger 1.1. TheThe HistoriographHistoriographyy ofof thethe ChurchChurch StruggleStruggle andand itsits MisrepresenMisrepresen• tationstations TheThe conceptualconceptual frameworkframework ofof ththee so-calledso-called historiographhistoriographyy ofof ththee churchchurch strugglestruggle hashas shapedshaped thethe scholarlyscholarly occupationoccupation withwith ththee religiousreligious developmentdevelopment iinn ththee ThirdThird ReicReichh ttoo a largelarge extent.extent. TwoTwo fallaciousfallacious equationsequations inin particularparticular affectedaffected ththee post-wapost-warr debatedebate eveneven withinwithin secularsecular historicahistoricall scholarship.scholarship. TueThe firstfirst waswas ththee identificationidentification ooff NationalNational SocialismSocialism witwithh NationalNational SocialistSocialist Paganism.Paganism. InIn ththee continuationcontinuation ofof ththee formerformer quarrelsquarrels betweebetweenn churchchurch andand statestate overover thethe impactimpact ofof aa numbernumber ofof measuresmeasures taketakenn againstagainst churchchurch interests,interests, thethe NaziregimeNa2i regime appearedappeared fromfrom aa certaincertain perspectiveperspective asas politicapoliticall fulfihnentfulfilment ofof thethe warstworst ofof anan anti-Christiananti-Christian heathendoheathendomm aimingaiming ttoo annianni• hilathilatee ChristianityChristianity inin GermanyGermany asas aa whole.whole. Secondly,Secondly, -
M. Loeber, J. Sachweh: Friedrich Walburg – Ein Bremischer Lehrer Und Archäologe Zwischen Demokratischer Schulreform Und Nationalsozialistischer Kulturpolitik
Friedrich Walburg – Ein bremischer Lehrer und Ar- chäologe zwischen demokratischer Schulreform und nationalsozialistischer Kulturpolitik Matthias Loeber, Jannik Sachweh Info Matthias Loeber studierte Geschichte und Germanistik an der Universität Bremen. Seine Forschungsschwerpunkte liegen in der Wissenschaftsgeschichte und der Geschichte der Völkischen Bewegung. Buchpublikation zu Richard von Hoff und der Nordischen Gesellschaft in Bremen. Volontariat am Historischen Museum Bremerhaven 2016- 2018. Zur Zeit freiberuflich u.a. für die Gedenkstätte Yad Vashem (Jerusalem) tätig, daneben Vorbereitung eines Dissertationsprojekts zum Vergleich des bürgerlich-nationalistischen Milieus in Hamburg und Bremen an der Universität Hamburg. Haben Sie Fragen oder Anregungen an den Autor? Sie erreichen ihn per E-Mail: [email protected]. An der Universität Bremen studierte Jannik Sachweh Geschichte. Die Schwerpunkte seiner Arbeit liegen in der nordwestdeutschen Regional- und Landesgeschichte sowie der Kultur- und Wissenschaftsgeschichte. Aktuell ist er als wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter am Georg-Eckert- Institut für internationale Schulbuchforschung tätig und erarbeitet eine Dissertation zur Bedeutung der Bildungspolitik im Freistaat Braunschweig während der Weimarer Republik. Haben Sie Fragen oder Anregungen an den Autor? Sie erreichen ihn per E-Mail: [email protected]. Der vorliegende Artikel fasst die Ergebnisse der gemeinsam verfassten Bachelorarbeit (2013, Prof. Dr. Uta Halle, Dr. Eva Schöck- Quinteros) zusammen, die im Rahmen des Forschungsprojekts -
Swedish Ethnologists and Folklorists and Nazi Race Politics
Paper from the Conference “Current Issues in European Cultural Studies”, organised by the Advanced Cultural Studies Institute of Sweden (ACSIS) in Norrköping 15-17 June 2011. Conference Proceedings published by Linköping University Electronic Press: http://www.ep.liu.se/ecp_home/index.en.aspx?issue=062. © The Author. Swedish Ethnologists and Folklorists and Nazi Race Politics Petra Garberding Uppsala University [email protected] In April 1938, the Swedish folklorist Sven Liljeblad (1899–2000) wrote to his American colleague Stith Thompson (1885–1976), then a professor in English and Folklore at Indiana University in Bloomington, U.S., that he wanted to come to America. He wanted to get away from Sweden because he was tired of the old-fashioned research in his home country. Study of folklore in Sweden needed a revival. According to Liljeblad, it was impossible to expect any new ideas from Germany, because “German folklore had been nationalized and stagnated (försumpad)”. Now “we must turn our eyes towards America.”1 Liljeblad received a Zorn fellowship and went to the U.S. at the end of 1939. Due to World War II, however, he could not return to Sweden after one year, as he had originally planned. He stayed in the U.S. for many years and became famous for his studies of the story telling practices of American Indian tribes. He did not return to Sweden until 1990 (Swahn 2010:148). Liljeblad’s comments on the development of folklore research in Nazi Germany are only one example of Swedish reactions to the politicization of their own discipline in Germany after 1933. -
The German Occupation of Norway
AUTHOR NAVY DEPARTMENT TTEThe Gr Ocuato of Norway. DCLASSIFIED BY; 11tL- DECLASSIFY ON: N_ MAND AND GENERAL STAFF SCHOOL LIBRARY M 9405-E4-D.481 bo0................. .................... Number........... .9.9...... ........ 19 4 r } ~ r ilh COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF SCHOOL Fort Leavenworth, Kansas LIBRARY REGULATIONS 1. Books, pamphlets, and periodicals must be charged at the loandesk (signature on book-loan card) before being taken from the Library. 2. Any item drawn from the Library must be returned within one month. Exceptions to this regulation are as follows: (1) Material issued to classes as a whole. (2) Material issued to instructors for pro- fessional use. (3) New books which are in demand must be returned within one week. (4) Books required for faculty use are subject to recall at any time. (5) All persons having library material in their possession will return same before leaving the post permanently. (6) Books loaned outside the S:chool must be returned within two weeks. 3. Reference books and current periodicals will not be removed from the Library. 425-C&GS S-11-15-39-5M UNiLASSIFlED t _ __ Vol. XVIII, No. 3 INFORMATION BULLETIN OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF NAVAL OPERATIONS NAVAL INTELLIGENCE SEPTEMBER 1940 THE GERMAN OCCUPATION OF NORWAY SRESTRI !944 by auhorit E. S. JOHNSTON Colonel, Infantry CSaTODIAIT .SCLASSIFIEDBY: ; DECLASSIFY ON: o ,$o UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON . 1940 SEP 9'44 UICLASS FfED UtCLASSHHIE INFORMATION BULLETIN OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF NAVAL OPERATIONS- NAVAL INTELLIGENCE 1. The INFORMATION BULLETIN, is published by the Chief of Naval Operations, Intelligence Division, for the purpose of disseminating information of general interest to the naval service. -
Alfred Rosenberg Und Die Nordische Gesellschaft. Der "Nordische
Alfred Rosenberg und die Nordische Gesellschaft Der „nordische Gedanke“ in Theorie und Praxis Birgitta Almgren / Jan Hecker-Stampehl / Ernst Piper Zusammenfassung Dieser Beitrag widmet sich der Entstehung, der „Gleichschaltung“ sowie dem Ausbau und Niedergang der Nordischen Gesellschaft mit besonderem Fokus auf ihre führende Gestalt Alfred Rosenberg. Dabei werden zunächst der ideengeschichtliche Hintergrund und die organisationsgeschichtlichen Grundlagen dargelegt. Im Kern des Textes geht es um die Tätigkeit der Nordischen Gesellschaft in der Zeit des „Dritten Reichs“ unter der Schirmherrschaft Rosenbergs. Als Quellenmaterial werden neben Archivmaterial auch die Veröffentlichungen der Nordischen Gesellschaft herangezogen. Summary This contribution traces the emergence, Gleichschaltung, expansion and demise of the Nordische Gesellschaft [Nordic Society] with a special focus on its leading protagonist Alfred Rosenberg. In the beginning of the article, the history of ideas and the organisa- tional foundations of the society are being set as a background. In the main part of the text the Nordische Gesellschaft’s activity during the “Third Reich” and under Rosenberg’s auspices is being analysed. Sources used comprise both archival material as well as the NG’s own publications. Birgitta Almgren ist Professorin für Deutsch am Center for Baltic and Eastern European Studies an der Hochschule Södertörn in Stockholm. Kontakt: [email protected]. Jan Hecker-Stampehl ist wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter für nordeuropäische Geschichte am Nordeuropa-Institut der Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin. Kontakt: [email protected]. Ernst Piper ist Privatdozent für Neuere Geschichte an der Universität Potsdam. Kontakt: [email protected]. NORDEUROPAforum 2/2008 7 Birgitta Almgren / Jan Hecker-Stampehl / Ernst Piper Einleitung Die Nordische Gesellschaft und ihr spiritus rector, Hitlers „Chefideologe“ Alfred Ro- senberg (1893–1946), sind in jüngster Zeit wieder Gegenstand der Forschung gewor- den. -
Nordeuropaforum Aufsätze
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Directory of Open Access Journals Schirmorganisation der Nordischen Bewegung: Der Nordische Ring und seine Repräsentanten in Norwegen* Nicola Karcher Zusammenfassung Der 1926 gegründete Nordische Ring hatte zum Ziel, alle Gruppierungen der Nordischen Bewegung zu sammeln und den von Hans F. K. Günther konzipierten Nordischen Gedan- ken zur herrschenden Ideologie in Deutschland zu machen. Bis zur Gleichschaltung durch Eingliederung in die Nordische Gesellschaft 1936 konnte der Nordische Ring nicht nur weit reichende Kontakte zu adeligen und völkischen Kreisen, sondern auch zur NSDAP aufbauen. Daneben spielte die von Günther forcierte Zusammenarbeit mit norwegischen Rassenforschern eine wichtige Rolle für die Zielsetzung des Nordischen Ringes, der hoff- te, den Nordischen Gedanken langfristig auch in Norwegen und den anderen skandinavi- schen Ländern etablieren zu können. Dieser Beitrag untersucht die Entstehung und Ent- wicklung des Nordischen Ringes bis zu seiner Gleichschaltung mit besonderem Augenmerk auf die Verbindungen zu norwegischen Rassenforschern. Summary Nordischer Ring [Nordic Ring], founded in 1926, aimed to unite all groups in the Nor- dic Movement and to make the Nordic Thought, drafted by Hans F. K. Günther, to the leading ideology in Germany. Until the enforced political conformity of Nordischer Ring through incorporation into Nordische Gesellschaft [Nordic Society] in 1936, Nordischer Ring was able to build up far-reaching contacts not only to völkisch circles and among the nobility, but also to the NSDAP. In addition, the collaboration, ad- vanced by Günther, of Norwegian researchers on the topic of race played an important role for the goals of Nordischer Ring, which hoped, in a long term perspective, to be able to establish the Nordic Thought in Norway and the other Scandinavian countries. -
In Ideological Transit: German Tourism to Denmark in the 1930S1
The Version of Record of this manuscript has been published and is available in Journal of Tourism History, 12.8.2019, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1755182X.2019.1650127 In Ideological Transit: German Tourism to Denmark in the 1930s1 Abstract: This article investigates the relationships that resulted from large-scale travelling between different ideological systems, the experiences of everyday consumption in which they were part, and the development of German tourism to Denmark in the 1930s. To do so, it first outlines the international context for the transformation of European tourism and its organisations in the 1930s before placing the influx of German visitors to Denmark into this context. The article then investigates the scale of German travel to Denmark during that decade before considering the nature of the institutions that made it possible. Moreover, it reflects upon the social make-up of travellers, who made their way to Denmark and discusses the ways the Danish press as well as state-related institutions saw German tourists in ideological as well as non-ideological terms, reflecting how ideology and economics were intertwined as actors in the 1930s sought to make sense of the emerging mass consumerist society. Neither, the article argues, were ideological concerns central for most of the actors facilitating trips to Denmark nor were their visits overwhelmingly framed ideologically in the Danish press. Introduction [In the 1930s] the brakes of tourism had been slammed on, [… since, among other things,] [i]n Germany, National Socialism’s iron fist began to quench the freedom and wanderlust of the German people. -
Ørskov from Nordic Romanticism to Nordic Modernity Danish Tourist
From Nordic Romanticism to Nordic Modernity: Danish Tourist Brochures in Nazi Germany, 1929–391 Frederik Forrai Ørskov, University of Helsinki (Published in Journal of Contemporary History 2020, Vol. 55(1) 29–51 – doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0022009418815319) In June 1937, leaders of the Nazi state including its chief ideologue Alfred Rosenberg, Luftwaffe Commander-in-chief Hermann Göring, and the Transport Minister and General Director of the State Railways Julius Dorpmüller, as well as racial scientists such as Alfred Ploetz, celebrated the fourth annual congress of the Nordische Gesellschaft (Nordic Society) in Lübeck.2 The society had acted as an interlocutor of German interactions with the Nordic countries since 1921. Originally it had functioned as a locally based organization concerned primarily with trade, commerce, and cultural exchange, but from 1933 onwards the society became a Nazified institution with increasing representation across the Third Reich. Present at the festivities were also cultural and political personalities from the Nordic countries, although these were not as prominent as the organizers might have liked. While the week-long celebration of German-Nordic relations—this ‘bridge over the Baltic Sea […] from Volk to Volk,’ as the congress was portrayed in the German press3—ran its course, the local daily newspaper of Lübeck wrote extensively on the Northern countries. 1 This article is a re-written version of Chapter 4 of my Master’s thesis, ‘‘‘In wenigen Stunden dort’’: The Tourist Association for Denmark and Its Promotional Efforts in Nazi Germany, 1929-1939’ (Master’s Thesis, Central European University 2017). My greatest thanks are reserved for my thesis supervisor Marsha Siefert. -
Nordeuropaforum Aufsätze
Schirmorganisation der Nordischen Bewegung: Der Nordische Ring und seine Repräsentanten in Norwegen* Nicola Karcher Zusammenfassung Der 1926 gegründete Nordische Ring hatte zum Ziel, alle Gruppierungen der Nordischen Bewegung zu sammeln und den von Hans F. K. Günther konzipierten Nordischen Gedan- ken zur herrschenden Ideologie in Deutschland zu machen. Bis zur Gleichschaltung durch Eingliederung in die Nordische Gesellschaft 1936 konnte der Nordische Ring nicht nur weit reichende Kontakte zu adeligen und völkischen Kreisen, sondern auch zur NSDAP aufbauen. Daneben spielte die von Günther forcierte Zusammenarbeit mit norwegischen Rassenforschern eine wichtige Rolle für die Zielsetzung des Nordischen Ringes, der hoff- te, den Nordischen Gedanken langfristig auch in Norwegen und den anderen skandinavi- schen Ländern etablieren zu können. Dieser Beitrag untersucht die Entstehung und Ent- wicklung des Nordischen Ringes bis zu seiner Gleichschaltung mit besonderem Augenmerk auf die Verbindungen zu norwegischen Rassenforschern. Summary Nordischer Ring [Nordic Ring], founded in 1926, aimed to unite all groups in the Nor- dic Movement and to make the Nordic Thought, drafted by Hans F. K. Günther, to the leading ideology in Germany. Until the enforced political conformity of Nordischer Ring through incorporation into Nordische Gesellschaft [Nordic Society] in 1936, Nordischer Ring was able to build up far-reaching contacts not only to völkisch circles and among the nobility, but also to the NSDAP. In addition, the collaboration, ad- vanced by Günther, of Norwegian researchers on the topic of race played an important role for the goals of Nordischer Ring, which hoped, in a long term perspective, to be able to establish the Nordic Thought in Norway and the other Scandinavian countries.