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JAMES Maccullagh (1809-1847)
Hidden gems and Forgotten People ULSTER HISTORY CIRCLE JAMES MacCULLAGH (1809-1847) James MacCullagh, the eldest of twelve children, was born in the townland of Landahussy in the parish of Upper Badoney, Co. Tyrone in 1809. He was to become one of Ireland and Europe's most significant mathematicians and physicists. He entered Trinity College, Dublin aged just 15 years and became a fellow in 1832. He was accepted as a member of the Royal Irish Academy in 1833 before attaining the position of Professor of Mathematics in 1834. He was an inspiring teacher who influenced a generation of students, some of whom were to make their own contributions to the subjects. He held the position of Chair of Mathematics from 1835 to 1843 and later Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy from 1843 to 1847. In 1838 James MacCullagh was awarded the Royal Irish Academy's Cunningham Medal for his work 'On the laws of crystalline reflexion'. In 1842, a year prior to his becoming a fellow of the Royal Society, London, he was awarded their Copley Medal for his work 'On surfaces of the second order'. He devoted much of the remainder of his life to the work of the Royal Irish Academy. James MacCullagh's interests went beyond mathematical physics. He played a key role in building up the Academy's collection of Irish antiquities, now housed in the National Museum of Ireland. Although not a wealthy man, he purchased the early 12th century Cross of Cong, using what was at that time, his life savings. In August 1847 he stood unsuccessfully as a parliamentary candidate for one of the Dublin University seats. -
Mister Mary Somerville: Husband and Secretary
Open Research Online The Open University’s repository of research publications and other research outputs Mister Mary Somerville: Husband and Secretary Journal Item How to cite: Stenhouse, Brigitte (2020). Mister Mary Somerville: Husband and Secretary. The Mathematical Intelligencer (Early Access). For guidance on citations see FAQs. c 2020 The Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Version: Version of Record Link(s) to article on publisher’s website: http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1007/s00283-020-09998-6 Copyright and Moral Rights for the articles on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. For more information on Open Research Online’s data policy on reuse of materials please consult the policies page. oro.open.ac.uk Mister Mary Somerville: Husband and Secretary BRIGITTE STENHOUSE ary Somerville’s life as a mathematician and mathematician). Although no scientific learned society had a savant in nineteenth-century Great Britain was formal statute barring women during Somerville’s lifetime, MM heavily influenced by her gender; as a woman, there was nonetheless a great reluctance even toallow women her access to the ideas and resources developed and into the buildings, never mind to endow them with the rights circulated in universities and scientific societies was highly of members. Except for the visit of the prolific author Margaret restricted. However, her engagement with learned institu- Cavendish in 1667, the Royal Society of London did not invite tions was by no means nonexistent, and although she was women into their hallowed halls until 1876, with the com- 90 before being elected a full member of any society mencement of their second conversazione [15, 163], which (Societa` Geografica Italiana, 1870), Somerville (Figure 1) women were permitted to attend.1 As late as 1886, on the nevertheless benefited from the resources and social nomination of Isis Pogson as a fellow, the Council of the Royal networks cultivated by such institutions from as early as Astronomical Society chose to interpret their constitution as 1812. -
James Clerk Maxwell
James Clerk Maxwell JAMES CLERK MAXWELL Perspectives on his Life and Work Edited by raymond flood mark mccartney and andrew whitaker 3 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, OX2 6DP, United Kingdom Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries c Oxford University Press 2014 The moral rights of the authors have been asserted First Edition published in 2014 Impression: 1 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by licence or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer Published in the United States of America by Oxford University Press 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States of America British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Control Number: 2013942195 ISBN 978–0–19–966437–5 Printed and bound by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY Links to third party websites are provided by Oxford in good faith and for information only. -
The Cambridge Mathematical Journal and Its Descendants: the Linchpin of a Research Community in the Early and Mid-Victorian Age ✩
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Historia Mathematica 31 (2004) 455–497 www.elsevier.com/locate/hm The Cambridge Mathematical Journal and its descendants: the linchpin of a research community in the early and mid-Victorian Age ✩ Tony Crilly ∗ Middlesex University Business School, Hendon, London NW4 4BT, UK Received 29 October 2002; revised 12 November 2003; accepted 8 March 2004 Abstract The Cambridge Mathematical Journal and its successors, the Cambridge and Dublin Mathematical Journal,and the Quarterly Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, were a vital link in the establishment of a research ethos in British mathematics in the period 1837–1870. From the beginning, the tension between academic objectives and economic viability shaped the often precarious existence of this line of communication between practitioners. Utilizing archival material, this paper presents episodes in the setting up and maintenance of these journals during their formative years. 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Résumé Dans la période 1837–1870, le Cambridge Mathematical Journal et les revues qui lui ont succédé, le Cambridge and Dublin Mathematical Journal et le Quarterly Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, ont joué un rôle essentiel pour promouvoir une culture de recherche dans les mathématiques britanniques. Dès le début, la tension entre les objectifs intellectuels et la rentabilité économique marqua l’existence, souvent précaire, de ce moyen de communication entre professionnels. Sur la base de documents d’archives, cet article présente les épisodes importants dans la création et l’existence de ces revues. 2004 Elsevier Inc. -
Philosophical Transactions, »
INDEX TO THE PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS, » S e r ie s A, FOR THE YEAR 1898 (VOL. 191). A. Absorption, Change of, produced by Fluorescence (B urke), 87. Aneroid Barometers, Experiments on.—Elastic After-effect; Secular Change; Influence of Temperature (Chree), 441. B. Bolometer, Surface, Construction of (Petavel), 501. Brilliancy, Intrinsic, Law of Variation of, with Temperature (Petavel), 501. Burke (John). On the Change of Absorption produced by Fluorescence, 87. C. Chree (C.). Experiments on Aneroid Barometers at Kew Observatory, and their Discussion, 441. Correlation and Variation, Influence of Random Selection on (Pearson and Filon), 229. Crystals, Thermal Expansion Coefficients, by an Interference Method (Tutton), 313. D. Differential Equations of the Second Order, &c., Memoir on the Integration of; Characteristic Invariant of (Forsyth), 1. 526 INDEX. E. Electric Filters, Testing Efficiency of; Dielectrifying Power of (Kelvin, Maclean, and Galt), 187. Electricity, Diffusion of, from Carbonic Acid Gas to Air; Communication of, from Electrified Steam to Air (Kelvin, Maclean, and Galt), 187. Electrification of Air by Water Jet, Electrified Needle Points, Electrified Flame, &c., at Different Air-pressures; at Different Electrifying Potentials; Loss of Electrification (Kelvin, Maclean, and Galt), 187. Electrolytic Cells, Construction and Calibration of (Veley and Manley), 365. Emissivity of Platinum in Air and other Gases (Petavel), 501. Equations, Laplace's and other, Some New Solutions of, in Mathematical Physics (Forsyth), 1. Evolution, Mathematical Contributions to Theory o f; Influence of Random Selection on the Differentiation of Local Races (Pearson and Filon), 229. F. Filon (L. N. G.) and Pearson (Karl). Mathematical Contributions to the Theory of Evolution.—IV. On the Probable Errors of Frequency Constants and on the Influence of Random Selection on Variation and Correlation, 229. -
Disciplinary Culture
Disciplinary Culture: Artillery, Sound, and Science in Woolwich, 1800–1850 Simon Werrett This article explores connections between science, music, and the military in London in the first decades of the nineteenth century.1 Rather than look for applications of music or sound in war, it considers some techniques common to these fields, exemplified in practices involving the pendulum as an instrument of regulation. The article begins by exploring the rise of military music in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, and then compares elements of this musical culture to scientific transformations during 1 For broad relations between music and science in this period, see: Myles Jackson, Harmonious Triads: Physicians, Musicians, and Instrument Makers in Nineteenth-Century Germany (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2006); Alexandra Hui, The Psychophysical Ear: Musical Experiments, Experimental Sounds, 1840–1910 (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2012); Emily I. Dolan and John Tresch, “‘A Sublime Invasion’: Meyerbeer, Balzac, and the Opera Machine,” Opera Quarterly 27 (2011), 4–31; Emily Thompson, The Soundscape of Modernity: Architectural Acoustics and the Culture of Listening in America, 1900–1933 (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2004). On science and war in the Napoleonic period, see for example: Simon Werrett, “William Congreve’s Rational Rockets,” Notes & Records of the Royal Society 63 (2009), 35–56; on sound as a weapon, Roland Wittje, “The Electrical Imagination: Sound Analogies, Equivalent Circuits, and the Rise of Electroacoustics, 1863–1939,” Osiris 28 (2013), 40–63, here 55; Cyrus C. M. Mody, “Conversions: Sound and Sight, Military and Civilian,” in The Oxford Handbook of Sound Studies, eds. Trevor Pinch and Karin Bijsterveld (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012), pp. -
Wynyard Planetarium & Observatory a Autumn Observing Notes
Wynyard Planetarium & Observatory A Autumn Observing Notes Wynyard Planetarium & Observatory PUBLIC OBSERVING – Autumn Tour of the Sky with the Naked Eye CASSIOPEIA Look for the ‘W’ 4 shape 3 Polaris URSA MINOR Notice how the constellations swing around Polaris during the night Pherkad Kochab Is Kochab orange compared 2 to Polaris? Pointers Is Dubhe Dubhe yellowish compared to Merak? 1 Merak THE PLOUGH Figure 1: Sketch of the northern sky in autumn. © Rob Peeling, CaDAS, 2007 version 1.2 Wynyard Planetarium & Observatory PUBLIC OBSERVING – Autumn North 1. On leaving the planetarium, turn around and look northwards over the roof of the building. Close to the horizon is a group of stars like the outline of a saucepan with the handle stretching to your left. This is the Plough (also called the Big Dipper) and is part of the constellation Ursa Major, the Great Bear. The two right-hand stars are called the Pointers. Can you tell that the higher of the two, Dubhe is slightly yellowish compared to the lower, Merak? Check with binoculars. Not all stars are white. The colour shows that Dubhe is cooler than Merak in the same way that red-hot is cooler than white- hot. 2. Use the Pointers to guide you upwards to the next bright star. This is Polaris, the Pole (or North) Star. Note that it is not the brightest star in the sky, a common misconception. Below and to the left are two prominent but fainter stars. These are Kochab and Pherkad, the Guardians of the Pole. Look carefully and you will notice that Kochab is slightly orange when compared to Polaris. -
Statutes and Rules for the British Museum
(ft .-3, (*y Of A 8RI A- \ Natural History Museum Library STATUTES AND RULES BRITISH MUSEUM STATUTES AND RULES FOR THE BRITISH MUSEUM MADE BY THE TRUSTEES In Pursuance of the Act of Incorporation 26 George II., Cap. 22, § xv. r 10th Decembei , 1898. PRINTED BY ORDER OE THE TRUSTEES LONDON : MDCCCXCYIII. PRINTED BY WOODFALL AND KINDER, LONG ACRE LONDON TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I. PAGE Meetings, Functions, and Privileges of the Trustees . 7 CHAPTER II. The Director and Principal Librarian . .10 Duties as Secretary and Accountant . .12 The Director of the Natural History Departments . 14 CHAPTER III. Subordinate Officers : Keepers and Assistant Keepers 15 Superintendent of the Reading Room . .17 Assistants . 17 Chief Messengers . .18 Attendance of Officers at Meetings, etc. -19 CHAPTER IV. Admission to the British Museum : Reading Room 20 Use of the Collections 21 6 CHAPTER V, Security of the Museum : Precautions against Fire, etc. APPENDIX. Succession of Trustees and Officers . Succession of Officers in Departments 7 STATUTES AND RULES. CHAPTER I. Of the Meetings, Functions, and Privileges of the Trustees. 1. General Meetings of the Trustees shall chap. r. be held four times in the year ; on the second Meetings. Saturday in May and December at the Museum (Bloomsbury) and on the fourth Saturday in February and July at the Museum (Natural History). 2. Special General Meetings shall be sum- moned by the Director and Principal Librarian (hereinafter called the Director), upon receiving notice in writing to that effect signed by two Trustees. 3. There shall be a Standing Committee, standing . • Committee. r 1 1 t-» • 1 t> 1 consisting 01 the three Principal 1 rustees, the Trustee appointed by the Crown, and sixteen other Trustees to be annually appointed at the General Meeting held on the second Saturday in May. -
Arnot/Arnott from the Dictionary of National Biography
Arnold 119 Arnot (juality, and a very small part of the classical workers in the Punjab. lie is the autlior of portion of it Las alone stood the test of * Oakfield, or FelloAvsliip in the Knst,' a novel ' time. In an article in ' Frasei'*s Magazine in two volumes, published in 1858 under the for February 1853, which was afterwards pseudonym of 'Punjabee.' It depicts the published in pamphlet form, and has been struggles of a young officer of exceptional attributed, correctly, as we believe, to Ur. cultiire and seriousness to elevate the Ioav J. W. Donaldson, the author of the * New tone of the military society about him, and Cratylus,' the attempt was made in very the trials and problems forced upon him by forcible language to throw discredit on the this peculiar form of quixotism. It is well whole of Arnold's classical schoolbooks. But Avritten and deeply interesting, imbued ia the unmeasured vituperation of the criticism, every line with the spirit of the author's il- which attracted considerable attention at lustrious father ; but, as is usually the case- the time, is only very partially justified. In when the ethical element largely predomi- u temperate reply, written a few weeks before nates, is open to the charge of insufficient his death, Arnold successfully rebutted some sympathy with types of character alien from of the more sinister imputations on his cha- the writer's own. He also translated Wiese's ' ' racter introduced into the article ; and he Letters on English Education (1854), and justly remarks, in reference to the miUtipli- published in 1855 four lectures, treating re- city of his works, that ' regular industry Avith spectively of the Palace of Westminster, the a careful division of time and employment, English in India, Caste, and the Discovery carried on, with hardly any exception, for of America. -
Mber - Order of the British Empire (Mbe)
MEMBER - ORDER OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE (MBE) MBE 2021 UPDATED: 26 June 2021 To CG: 26 June 2021 PAGES: 99 ========================================================================= Prepared by: Surgeon Captain John Blatherwick, CM, CStJ, OBC, CD, MD, FRCP(C), LLD(Hon) Governor General’s Foot Guards Royal Canadian Air Force / 107 University Squadron / 418 Squadron Royal Canadian Army Medical Corps HMCS Discovery / HMCS York / HMCS Protecteur 12 (Vancouver) Field Ambulance 1 MBE (military) awarded to CANADIAN ARMY WW1 (MBE) CG DATE NAME RANK UNIT DECORATIONS / 09/02/18 AUGER, Albert Raymond Captain Cdn Forestry Corps MBE 12/07/19 BAGOT, Christopher S. Major Cdn Forestry Corps (OBE) MBE 09/02/18 BENTLEY, William Joseph LCol Asst Director Dental Svc MBE 20/07/18 BLACK, Gordon Boyes Major Cdn Forestry Corps MBE 20/07/18 BROWN, George Thomas Lieutenant Cdn Army Medical Corps MBE 12/07/19 CAINE, Martin Surney Lieutenant Alberta Regiment MBE 20/07/18 CALDWELL, Bruce McGregor Major OIC Cdn Postal Corps MBE 09/02/18 CAMPBELL, David Bishop LCol Cdn Forestry Corps MBE 05/07/19 CARLESS, William Edward Lieutenant Canadian Engineers MBE 05/07/19 CASSELS, Hamilton A/Captain Attached RAF MBE 12/07/19 CASTLE, Ivor Captain General List MBE 09/02/18 CHARLTON, Charles Joseph Captain Staff Captain Cdn HQ MBE 12/07/19 CLARKE, Thomas Walter A/Captain Cdn Railway Troops MBE 05/07/19 COLES, Harry Victor Lieutenant Cdn Machine Gun Corps MBE 20/07/18 COLLEY, Thomas Bellasyse Captain Phys & Bayonet Training MBE 09/02/18 COOPER, Herbert Millburn Lieutenant Asst Inspect Munitions MBE 12/07/19 COX, Alexander Lieutenant Saskatchewan Reg MBE 05/07/19 CRAIG, Alexander Meldrum S/Sgt Maj Cdn Army Service Corps MBE 14/12/18 CRAFT, Samuel Louis Captain Quebec Regiment MBE 10/05/19 CRIPPS, George Wilfitt Lieutenant 13 Bn Cdn Railway Troop MBE 12/07/19 CURRIE, Thomas Dickson A/Captain Cdn Railway Troops MBE 12/09/19 CURRY, Charles Townley Hon Lt General List MBE 05/07/19 DEAN, George Edward Lieutenant CFA attched RAF MBE 05/07/19 DRIVER, George Osborne H. -
Transactions
M,EDICO - CHIRURGICAL TRANSACTIONS, PIUBLISHED BY THE ROYAL MEDICAL AND CHIRURGICAL SOCIETY OF It{en LONDON. VOLUME THE THIRTY-FIRST. LONDON: PRINTED FOR LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, AND LONGMANS, PATERNOSTER-ROW. 1848. RICtARDIOUERT , AILNTER, GREE.N ARtIlUB CO1URT, OLD IBAILEY, LOqDON. MEDICO - CHIRURGICAI TRANSACTIONS, PUBLISHED BY THE ROYAL MEDICAL AND CHIRURGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. SECOND SERIES. VOLUME THE THIRTEENTH. LONDON: PRJNTED POR LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN AND LONGMANS, PATERNOSTER-ROW. 1848. RICHARD KINDER, PRINTER, GREEN ARHOUR COURT, OLD BAILEY, LONDON. ROYAL MEDICAL AND CHIRURGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. PATRON, THE QUEEN. OFFICERS AND COUNCIL, ELECTED MARCH 1, 1848. PRESIDENT. JAMES MONCRIEFF ARNOTT, F.R.S. rHENRY DAVIES, M.D. JONATHAN M.D., F.R.S. VICE-PRESIDENTS.<V PEREIRA, GEORGE MACILWAIN. LRICHARD PARTRIDGE, F.R.S. { BENJAMIN GUY BABINGTON, M.D., F.R.S. TREASURERS. BENJAMIN PHILLIPS, F.R.S. f WILLIAM BALY, M.D., F.R.S. SECRETARIES. FRED. LE GROS CLARK. { JOHN HENNEN, M.D. LIBRARIANS. l_RICHARD QUAIN, F.R.S. JAMES ALDERSON, M.D., F.R.S. THOMAS MAYO, M.D., F.R.S. ROBERT NAIRNE, M.D. WILLIAM SHARPEY, M.D., F.R.S. OTHER MEMBERS LEONARD STEWART, M.D. OF THE COUNCIL. HENRY ANCELL RICHARD BLAGDEN. GEORGE BUSK. JOHN DALRYMPLE. JAMES PAGET. TRUSTEES OF THE SOCIETY. JAMES M. ARNOTT, F.R.S. JOHN CLENDINNING, M.D., F.R.S. EDWARD STANLEY, F.R.S. a2 FELLOWS OF THE SOCIETY APPOINTED BY THE COUNCIL AS REFEREES OF PAPERS, FOR THE SESSION OF 1847-8. BABINGTON, BENJAMIN G., M.D., F.R.S. BOWMAN, WILLIAM, F.RIS. BUDD, GEORGE, M.D., F.R.S. -
Europaische Gradmessung/Internationale
Festveranstaltung150 Jahre MitteleuropaischeGradmessung Vienna, 12 September2012. GeodesyinHungary and theRelationto(Mittel-) EuropaischeGradmessung/Internationale Erdmessung–A ShortHistoricalReview József Ádám Departmentof Geodesyand Surveying Budapest University of Technologyand Economics Contributioninthefollowingareas: -establishment of surveycontrolnetworks •horizontal(1862-1913) •vertical (1873-1913) -geodeticresearchand scientificactivitiesattheUniversities • Loránd Eötvös (Dept. of Physics, Budapest University) • István Kruspér, Lajos Bodola and Károly Oltay (Dept. of Geodesy and Surveying, TU Budapest) -organizationof theGeneral Conferenceof the •EuropaischeGradmessunginViennain1871, and •InternationaleErdmessunginBudapest in1906. J. J. Baeyer(1794-1885) Network sketchof theMitteleuropaischeGradmessung The StruveGeodeticArc (1816-1855) No Meeting Location Year I. General Conferences I.a."MitteleuropäischeGradmessung" (1862-1867) 1 Berlin, Prussia 1864 2 Berlin, Prussia 1867 I.b. „EuropäischeGradmessung”(1867-1886) 3 Vienna, Austria-Hungary 1871 4 Dresden, Saxony 1874 5 Stuttgart, Würtemberg 1877 6 Munich, Bavaria 1880 7 Rome, Italy 1883 8 Berlin, Prussia 1886 I.c. International GeodeticAssociation(InternationaleErdmessung) (1886-1919) 9 Paris, France 1889 10 Brussels, Belgium 1892 11 Berlin, Germany 1895 12 Stuttgart, Germany 1898 13 Paris, France 1900 14 Copenhagen, Denmark 1903 15 Budapest, Austria-Hungary 1906 16 Cambridge, United Kingdom 1909 17 Hamburg, Germany 1912 No Period Name Placeof Homestead 1 1864-1868 Peter Andreas