Israel Tour Bible Study Booklet (Online)

Home , Bethphage, Isaiah 11, Isaiah 40, Mount Gilboa, Pool of Bethesda, The Garden Tomb

OCTOBER 30-NOVEMBER 10, 2019

Compiled by Pastor Gary Stump

PO BOX 681 ● FISHERS, IN 46038 ● www.onwardchurch.org PASTOR GARY L. STUMP ● [email protected] ● 317.513.0227 YOUR NAME ______

Table of Contents JERUSALEM TOUR PAGE DAY VISITED Topography of Jerusalem 4 Temple Mount 4 Dome of the Rock 5 Wailing Wall 5 Yad Vashem 6 Rabbinical Tunnels 6 Davidson Museum & Southern Temple Steps 6 City of David 10 Canaanite Tunnel & Hezekiah's Tunnel 10 Pool of Siloam 11 Pool of Bethesda 13 Temple Institute 13 Mount of Olives 14 Eastern (Golden) Gate 15 Kidron Valley 17 Via Dolorosa 17 Garden of Gethsemane 17 Golgotha or Calvary 18 Garden Tomb 18 Shrine of the Book / Israel Museum 20 Valley of Elah 20 DEAD SEA TOUR Dead Sea 21 En Gedi 21 Qumran 23 Masada 23 Baptism Site 24 Jericho 24 GALILEE TOUR Galilee Map 26 Nazareth 26 Sea of Galilee 27 Jesus Boat 27 Capernaum 29 Magdala 30 Mount of Beatitudes 30 Tabgha 30 Kursi 32 1 Dan 32 Caesarea Philippi 33 Megiddo 33 Caesarea Maritima 35 Mount Carmel 35 Harod Spring 35 Beth Shean / Scythopolis 36 Zippori (Sepphoris) 36 Note Pages 3, 6, 9, 12, 16, 19, 22, 25, 28, 31, 34, 37, 38

ISRAEL TIMELINE 2000 BC Abraham 1500 BC Moses 1446 BC Exodus & First Passover 1406 BC Joshua leads possession of Promised Land 1375 BC Period of the Judges 1050 BC Saul become King 1010 BC David becomes King 970 BC Solomon becomes King 930 BC Kingdom Divides 722 BC Assyria captures Israel 605 BC Daniel carried off to Babylon 586 BC Final Babylonian Conquest of Judah 535 BC Zerubbabel leads Jews back to Jerusalem to rebuild Temple 475 BC Persian King Xerxes—Esther saves the Jews 444 BC Nehemiah appointed to rebuild Jerusalem 395 BC Malachi completes Old Testament 332 BC Alexander the Great rules Israel 168 BC Antiochus IV Epiphanes desecrates the temple 164 BC Judas Maccabees expelled the Persians & cleansed the temple 63 BC Rome Conquers Israel—Herod made King of the Jews 5 BC Jesus born 30 AD Jesus begins His ministry 33 AD Jesus crucified & resurrected 95 AD John writes Revelation (New Testament completed) 135 AD Jews expelled by Caesar Hadrian renamed to Palaestina & Aelia Capitolina 313 AD Byzantine period begins 637 AD Muslims rule Jerusalem 1100 AD Crusades begin to liberate Jerusalem 1250 AD Mamluk period begins 1517 AD Suleiman the Magnificent—rebuilds walls of Jerusalem; Ottoman period begins 1917 AD British Mandate 1948 AD Israel's Independence 2 NOTES

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3 JERUSALEM TOUR

TOPOGRAPHY OF JERUSALEM El Shaddai = God Almighty; represented by Hebrew letter (shin) 2 Chronicles 6:6 (NIV84) But now I have chosen Jerusalem for my Name to be there, and I have chosen David to rule my people Israel.’

TEMPLE MOUNT— The Temple Mount is on Mount Moriah—the place on which Abraham offered Isaac. David purchased the threshing floor from Araunah the Jebusite and set it aside to build the Temple upon. Solomon later built the Temple on this site.

David bought the temple mount 2 Samuel 24:21–24 (NLT) “Why have you come, my lord the king?” Araunah asked. David replied, “I have come to buy your threshing floor and to build an altar to the LORD there, so that he will stop the plague.” 22 “Take it, my lord the king, and use it as you wish,” Araunah said to David. “Here are oxen for the burnt offering, and you can use the threshing boards and ox yokes for wood to build a fire on the altar. 23 I will give it all to you, Your Majesty, and may the LORD your God accept your sacrifice.” 24 But the king replied to Araunah, “No, I insist on buying it, for I will not present burnt offerings to the LORD my God that have cost me nothing.” So David paid him fifty pieces of silver for the threshing floor and the oxen.

Solomon built the Temple here 2 Chronicles 3:1–2 (NLT) So Solomon began to build the Temple of the LORD in Jerusalem on Mount Moriah, where the LORD had appeared to David, his father. The Temple was built on the threshing floor of Araunah the Jebusite, the site that David had selected. 2 The construction began in midspring, during the fourth year of Solomon’s reign.

4 DOME OF THE ROCK—this Islamic shrine on the Temple Mount is the third holiest place in the Muslim world. It was built in 691 AD to commemorate Muhammad's night journey to heaven.

Jesus foresaw this Matthew 23:37–38 (NLT) “O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, the city that kills the prophets and stones God’s messengers! How often I have wanted to gather your children together as a hen protects her chicks beneath her wings, but you wouldn’t let me. 38 And now, look, your house is abandoned and desolate."

Will the Third Temple be built on this spot maybe to the north? Revelation 11:1–2 (NLT) Then I was given a measuring stick, and I was told, “Go and measure the Temple of God and the altar, and count the number of worshipers. 2 But do not measure the outer courtyard, for it has been turned over to the nations. They will trample the holy city for 42 months."

WAILING WALL also called the Western Wall, this small section of the western foundation of the Temple Mount expanded by Herod the Great. People from all over the world visit this special place that was opened again to Jews and Gentiles on June 6, 1967 during the Six Days War when Israel occupied East Jerusalem for the first time in almost 2,000 years. The Wailing Wall is divided into separate men and women's court for prayer. By tradition many people place small pieces of paper with written prayers into the cracks of the stones. Above your head, growing out of the wall is hyssop which was an herb that the Lord instructed the children of Israel to use in applying the blood of the Passover Lamb to the doors of their homes.

Hyssop Exodus 12:22 (NLT) Drain the blood into a basin. Then take a bundle of hyssop branches and dip it into the blood. Brush the hyssop across the top and sides of the doorframes of your houses. And no one may go out through the door until morning. 5 NOTES

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6 YAD VASHEM—Israel's Holocaust Memorial. Yad Vashem in Hebrew means "a memorial and a name" so that the victims of the holocaust will never be forgotten. We will see the Holocaust History Museum and explore the grounds including the Avenue of the Righteous Among the Nations and the Children's Memorial. This is unlike any other holocaust memorial in the world.

Origin of the name Yad Vashem Isaiah 56:5 (NLT) I will give them—within the walls of my house— a memorial and a name [Heb. "Yad Vashem"] far greater than sons and daughters could give. For the name I give them is an everlasting one. It will never disappear!

RABBINICAL TUNNELS—These tunnels trace the western wall foundation under other buildings above from the northern edge of the Wailing Wall to the northwest corner of the foundation of the Temple Mount built by King Herod the Great (73-4 BC). In 20 BC, Herod began planning for the reconstruction or remodeling of Zerubbabel's Temple (535 BC with the returning of the exiles from Babylonian captivity). Some of the splendor of Herod's Temple can be seen.

DAVIDSON MUSEUM & SOUTHERN TEMPLE STEPS—the remains of Robinson's Arch can be seen in the side of the wall on the south west corner of the Temple. The great keystone from this arch is still lying in the place it fell in 70 AD when, in fulfillment of Jesus' prediction, the Romans destroyed the Temple until "not one stone was left upon another." The remains from the shops where Jesus overturned the tables and drove out the moneychangers can still be seen. See the corner stone from the pinnacle of the Temple with the inscription, "to the place of blowing." We will walk on the remains of 1st First Century streets. The outline of the ancient Huldah Gates can still be seen on the southern end of the Temple Mount. Jesus would have used these gates as he entered the Temple.

7 Money Changers John 2:13–16 (NLT) It was nearly time for the Jewish Passover celebration, so Jesus went to Jerusalem. 14 In the Temple area he saw merchants selling cattle, sheep, and doves for sacrifices; he also saw dealers at tables exchanging foreign money. 15 Jesus made a whip from some ropes and chased them all out of the Temple. He drove out the sheep and cattle, scattered the money changers’ coins over the floor, and turned over their tables. 16 Then, going over to the people who sold doves, he told them, “Get these things out of here. Stop turning my Father’s house into a marketplace!”

"To the place of Blowing"—stone from the pinnacle of the Temple Exodus 19:13b,16 (NLT) However, when the ram’s horn sounds a long blast, then the people may go up on the mountain.” … 16 On the morning of the third day, thunder roared and lightning flashed, and a dense cloud came down on the mountain. There was a long, loud blast from a ram’s horn, and all the people trembled.

Not one stone left upon another Mark 13:1–2 (NLT) As Jesus was leaving the Temple that day, one of his disciples said, “Teacher, look at these magnificent buildings! Look at the impressive stones in the walls.” 2 Jesus replied, “Yes, look at these great buildings. But they will be completely demolished. Not one stone will be left on top of another!”

Jesus said He could destroy the temple and raise it up in 3 days John 2:18–22 (NLT) But the Jewish leaders demanded, “What are you doing? If God gave you authority to do this, show us a miraculous sign to prove it.” 19 “All right,” Jesus replied. “Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up.” 20 “What!” they exclaimed. “It has taken forty-six years to build this Temple, and you can rebuild it in three days?” 21 But when Jesus said “this temple,” he meant his own body. 22 After he was raised from the dead, his disciples remembered he had said this, and they believed both the Scriptures and what Jesus had said.

8 NOTES

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9 CITY OF DAVID—built by King David in 1000 BC after he conquered the city from the Jebusites. Recent archeological excavations have discovered more and more of the city dating back to the time of King David. This portion of Jerusalem is due south of the Temple Mount.

City of David

David built his palace here 2 Samuel 5:9 (NLT) So David made the fortress his home, and he called it the City of David. He extended the city, starting at the supporting terraces and working inward.

David planned for the building of the Temple 2 Samuel 7:1–2 (NLT) When King David was settled in his palace and the LORD had given him rest from all the surrounding enemies, 2 the king summoned Nathan the prophet. “Look,” David said, “I am living in a beautiful cedar palace, but the Ark of God is out there in a tent!”

CANAANITE TUNNEL & HEZEKIAH'S TUNNEL—the ancient Canaanite tunnel which brought water inside the city walls during the time the Jebusites lived in Jerusalem. It is through this tunnel that David entered and conquered the City in 1010 BC. Later King Hezekiah had a tunnel built that brought water from Gihon Spring inside the city walls.

Canaanite Tunnel 2 Samuel 5:8a (NLT) On the day of the attack, David said to his troops, “I hate those ‘lame’ and ‘blind’ Jebusites. Whoever attacks them should strike by going into the city through the water tunnel.”

10 Hezekiah's Tunnel 2 Kings 20:20 (NLT) The rest of the events in Hezekiah’s reign, including the extent of his power and how he built a pool and dug a tunnel to bring water into the city, are recorded in The Book of the History of the Kings of Judah.

POOL OF SILOAM—This water reservoir and public pool was recently discovered in 2004. This is where Jesus healed the blind man and where the priests would collect the water for the water ceremony during Sukkot (Feast of Tabernacles).

Blind Man Healed John 9:1–7 (NLT) As Jesus was walking along, he saw a man who had been blind from birth. 2 “Rabbi,” his disciples asked him, “why was this man born blind? Was it because of his own sins or his parents’ sins?” 3 “It was not because of his sins or his parents’ sins,” Jesus answered. “This happened so the power of God could be seen in him. 4 We must quickly carry out the tasks assigned us by the one who sent us. The night is coming, and then no one can work. 5 But while I am here in the world, I am the light of the world.” 6 Then he spit on the ground, made mud with the saliva, and spread the mud over the blind man’s eyes. 7 He told him, “Go wash yourself in the pool of Siloam” (Siloam means “sent”). So the man went and washed and came back seeing!

Nehemiah repaired the pool of Siloam Nehemiah 3:15b (NLT) …he repaired the wall of the pool of Siloam near the king’s garden, and he rebuilt the wall as far as the stairs that descend from the City of David.

NOTE: Water Libation / Ceremony—on the last day of the Feast of Tabernacles (Sukkot) the Priests with great ceremony would exit through the Water Gate, walk to the pool of Siloam, gather water in a golden flask, carry it back to the Temple with the blowing of the shofar and the singing of the Hallel. They would then pour water out upon the burnt altar. It was at this moment that Jesus proclaimed…

Jesus spoke of water from pool of Siloam John 7:37–38 (NLT) On the last day, the climax of the festival, Jesus stood and shouted to the crowds, “Anyone who is thirsty may come to me! 38 Anyone who believes in me may come and drink! For the Scriptures declare, ‘Rivers of living water will flow from his heart.’ ” 11 NOTES

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12 POOL OF BETHESDA—this is where Jesus healed the lame man who had been lame for 38 years. It is just north of the Temple Mount.

Jesus healed the Lame Man John 5:1–8 (NLT) Afterward Jesus returned to Jerusalem for one of the Jewish holy days. 2 Inside the city, near the Sheep Gate, was the pool of Bethesda, with five covered porches. 3 Crowds of sick people—blind, lame, or paralyzed—lay on the porches. 5 One of the men lying there had been sick for thirty-eight years. 6 When Jesus saw him and knew he had been ill for a long time, he asked him, “Would you like to get well?” 7 “I can’t, sir,” the sick man said, “for I have no one to put me into the pool when the water bubbles up. Someone else always gets there ahead of me.” 8 Jesus told him, “Stand up, pick up your mat, and walk!”

TEMPLE INSTITUTE—Jewish religious leaders are preparing for the 3RD Temple by recreating and preparing all of the implements and materials needed to reinstitute worship in the Third Temple.

The Antichrist will allow sacrifices to resume on the Temple Mount Daniel 9:27 (NLT) The ruler will make a treaty with the people for a period of one set of seven, but after half this time, he will put an end to the sacrifices and offerings. And as a climax to all his terrible deeds, he will set up a sacrilegious object that causes desecration, until the fate decreed for this defiler is finally poured out on him.”

The Antichrist will sit in the Third Temple 2 Thessalonians 2:3–4 (NLT) Don’t be fooled by what they say. For that day will not come until there is a great rebellion against God and the man of lawlessness is revealed—the one who brings destruction. 4 He will exalt himself and defy everything that people call god and every object of worship. He will even sit in the temple of God, claiming that he himself is God.

Temple during the Tribulation Revelation 11:1 (NLT) Then I was given a measuring stick, and I was told, “Go and measure the Temple of God and the altar, and count the number of worshipers.

13 MOUNT OF OLIVES—so much of Jesus' ministry is connected with the Mount of Olives. This is where Jesus entered Jerusalem on Palm Sunday; where He wept over Jerusalem; where the taught the Olivet Discourse about the End Times; and it was from here that He ascended into heaven.

Palm Sunday Triumphant Entry—Road down Mt of Olives Matthew 21:1,8,9 (NIV84) As they approached Jerusalem and came to Bethphage on the Mount of Olives, Jesus sent two disciples…8 A very large crowd spread their cloaks on the road, while others cut branches from the trees and spread them on the road. 9 The crowds that went ahead of him and those that followed shouted, “Hosanna to the Son of David!” “Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord!” “Hosanna in the highest!”

Dominus Flavit Church ("Church of the Lord's Tears") Matthew 23:37–39 (NIV) “Jerusalem, Jerusalem, you who kill the prophets and stone those sent to you, how often I have longed to gather your children together, as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, and you were not willing. 38 Look, your house is left to you desolate. 39 For I tell you, you will not see me again until you say, ‘Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord.’”

Church of All Nations—next to the Garden of Gethsemane Luke 24:46–47 (NIV84) He told them, “This is what is written: The Christ will suffer and rise from the dead on the third day, 47 and repentance and forgiveness of sins will be preached in his name to all nations, beginning at Jerusalem.

Olivet Discourse—Jesus teaches on the Tribulation Matthew 24:3–8 (NLT) Later, Jesus sat on the Mount of Olives. His disciples came to him privately and said, “Tell us, when will all this happen? What sign will signal your return and the end of the world?” 4 Jesus told them, “Don’t let anyone mislead you, 5 for many will come in my name, claiming, ‘I am the Messiah.’ They will deceive many. 6 And you will hear of wars and threats of wars, but don’t panic. Yes, these things must take place, but the end won’t follow immediately. 7 Nation will go to war against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be famines and earthquakes in many parts of the world. 8 But all this is only the first of the birth pains, with more to come.

14 Jesus ascended to heaven from Mount of Olives Acts 1:6–12 (NLT) So when the apostles were with Jesus, they kept asking him, “Lord, has the time come for you to free Israel and restore our kingdom?” 7 He replied, “The Father alone has the authority to set those dates and times, and they are not for you to know. 8 But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes upon you. And you will be my witnesses, telling people about me everywhere—in Jerusalem, throughout Judea, in Samaria, and to the ends of the earth.” 9 After saying this, he was taken up into a cloud while they were watching, and they could no longer see him. 10 As they strained to see him rising into heaven, two white-robed men suddenly stood among them. 11 “Men of Galilee,” they said, “why are you standing here staring into heaven? Jesus has been taken from you into heaven, but someday he will return from heaven in the same way you saw him go!” 12 Then the apostles returned to Jerusalem from the Mount of Olives, a distance of half a mile.

Messiah will return on Mount of Olives Zechariah 14:4 (NLT) "On that day his feet will stand on the Mount of Olives, east of Jerusalem. And the Mount of Olives will split apart, making a wide valley running from east to west. Half the mountain will move toward the north and half toward the south."

EASTERN GATE—The Messiah will return through the Eastern also called the Golden Gate; in order to prevent the Messiah from returning to Jerusalem through this gate, Suleiman the Magnificent had it sealed in AD 1540 not realizing that this actually fulfilled prophecy.

Gate to Remain Closed Until Messiah Comes Ezekiel 44:1-3 (NLT) "Then the man brought me back to the east gateway in the outer wall of the Temple area, but it was closed. And the Lord said to me, “This gate must remain closed; it will never again be opened. No one will ever open it and pass through, for the Lord, the God of Israel, has entered here. Therefore, it must always remain shut. Only the prince himself may sit inside this gateway to feast in the Lord’s presence. But he may come and go only through the entry room of the gateway.”"

15 NOTES

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16 KIDRON VALLEY –This is the steep valley immediately east of the Temple Mount. It is said that during Passover the blood from the lambs sacrificed at the Temple ran into the Kidron Brook causing it to flow red with blood.

Jesus crossed this creek on the night he was betrayed John 18:1 (NLT) "After saying these things, Jesus crossed the Kidron Valley with his disciples and entered a grove of olive trees."

TRIUMPHANT ENTRY INTO JERUSALEM—Down the side of the Mount of Olives was the road leading into Jerusalem. It was on this trail that Jesus rode into the city on a donkey on that Palm Sunday.

Save us, we pray! Mark 11:7–10 (NIV84) When they brought the colt to Jesus and threw their cloaks over it, he sat on it. 8 Many people spread their cloaks on the road, while others spread branches they had cut in the fields. 9 Those who went ahead and those who followed shouted, “Hosanna!” “Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord!” 10 “Blessed is the coming kingdom of our father David!” “Hosanna in the highest!”

VIA DOLOROSA ("The way of suffering")—This is the traditional pathway that led Jesus from Pilate to His crucifixion. While the exact trail cannot be known, there is some evidence left that corroborates the Biblical narrative. For instance stones have been found that were used as the Roman soldiers played dice games.

The soldiers gambled for Jesus' clothes Matthew 27:35 (NLT) After they had nailed him to the cross, the soldiers gambled for his clothes by throwing dice."

GARDEN OF GETHSEMANE—this is where Jesus prayed and was arrested. Gethsemane means "olive press." It's appropriate that it was here that Jesus felt the crushing pressure of His impending crucifixion.

Jesus prayed in Gethsemane Matthew 26:36–39; Luke 22:44 (NLT) Then Jesus went with them to the olive grove called Gethsemane, and he said, “Sit here while I go over there to pray.” 37 He took Peter and Zebedee’s two sons, James and John, and he became anguished and distressed. 38 He told them, “My soul is crushed with grief to the

17 point of death. Stay here and keep watch with me.” 39 He went on a little farther and bowed with his face to the ground, praying, “My Father! If it is possible, let this cup of suffering be taken away from me. Yet I want your will to be done, not mine.” …44 He prayed more fervently, and he was in such agony of spirit that his sweat fell to the ground like great drops of blood.

GOLGOTHA OR CALVARY—there are two sites that have traditionally been considered as possible sites for the crucifixion. The first is near the Church of the Holy Sepulcher. The other is the Garden Tomb (also called Gordon's Calvary).

1950 Recent

Crucifixion & Garden Tomb John 19:17–18; 41-42 (NLT) Carrying the cross by himself, he went to the place called Place of the Skull (in Hebrew, Golgotha). 18 There they nailed him to the cross. Two others were crucified with him, one on either side, with Jesus between them…41 The place of crucifixion was near a garden, where there was a new tomb, never used before. 42 And so, because it was the day of preparation for the Jewish Passover and since the tomb was close at hand, they laid Jesus there

GARDEN TOMB—This ancient tomb in a First Century garden might be the resting place of Jesus until His resurrection. The tomb itself has a weeping chamber, a burial chamber, and was sealed with a rolling stone. It is at the very least similar to the place where Jesus was buried as described in Scripture.

Joseph of Arimathea's Tomb Matthew 27:57–60 (NLT) As evening approached, Joseph, a rich man from Arimathea who had become a follower of Jesus, 58 went to Pilate and asked for Jesus’ body. And Pilate issued an order to release it to him. 59 Joseph took the body and wrapped it in a long sheet of clean linen cloth. 60 He placed it in his own new tomb, which had been carved out of the rock. Then he rolled a great stone across the entrance and left. 18 NOTES

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19 SHRINE OF THE BOOK / ISRAEL MUSEUM—this world class museum displays a replica of the entire scroll of Isaiah from the Dead Sea Scrolls, as well as a model of First Century Jerusalem.

VALLEY OF ELAH—This valley, south east of Jerusalem, is where David defeated Goliath. You can picture the Philistine army on one hilltop with King Saul and the armies of Israel on the other. It is in the valley in between that David killed Goliath.

The Israelites and Philistines met at the Valley of Elah 1 Samuel 17:2–4,40,48-51 (NLT) Saul countered by gathering his Israelite troops near the valley of Elah. 3 So the Philistines and Israelites faced each other on opposite hills, with the valley between them. 4 Then Goliath, a Philistine champion from Gath, came out of the Philistine ranks to face the forces of Israel. He was over nine feet tall! … 40 He picked up five smooth stones from a stream and put them into his shepherd’s bag. Then, armed only with his shepherd’s staff and sling, he started across the valley to fight the Philistine…48 As Goliath moved closer to attack, David quickly ran out to meet him. 49 Reaching into his shepherd’s bag and taking out a stone, he hurled it with his sling and hit the Philistine in the forehead. The stone sank in, and Goliath stumbled and fell face down on the ground. 50 So David triumphed over the Philistine with only a sling and a stone, for he had no sword. 51 Then David ran over and pulled Goliath’s sword from its sheath. David used it to kill him and cut off his head. When the Philistines saw that their champion was dead, they turned and ran. 20 DEAD SEA

DEAD SEA—At 1300 feet below sea level, the Dead Sea is the lowest point on earth. The salinity of this body of water is as high as 35%. The unique concentration of the Dead Sea waters has long been known to have medicinal value as Aristotle, Queen of Sheba, King Solomon and Cleopatra attested.

The Dead Sea will produce fish again Ezekiel 47:10 (NLT) Fishermen will stand along the shores of the Dead Sea. All the way from En-gedi to En-eglaim, the shores will be covered with nets drying in the sun. Fish of every kind will fill the Dead Sea, just as they fill the Mediterranean.

EN GEDI—This oasis on the west side of the Dead Sea was provided life-giving water in the midst of the dessert. David and his men fled from King Saul and hid in the rocks and caves of En Gedi. Today En Gedi is a nature preserve where Ibex and Hyrax can be seen.

David spared Saul's life 1 Samuel 24:1–3 (NLT) After Saul returned from fighting the Philistines, he was told that David had gone into the wilderness of En-gedi. 2 So Saul chose 3,000 elite troops from all Israel and went to search for David and his men near the rocks of the wild goats. 3 At the place where the road passes some sheepfolds, Saul went into a cave to relieve himself. But as it happened, David and his men were hiding farther back in that very cave!

Rock Hyrax Ibex Leviticus 11:5 (NLT) The hyrax chews the Deuteronomy 14:4–5 (NIV84) These are the cud but does not have split hooves, so it is animals you may eat: the ox, the sheep, the unclean. goat, 5 the deer, the gazelle, the roe deer, the wild goat, the ibex, the antelope and the mountain sheep.

21 NOTES

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22 QUMRAN—This First Century Essene community on the north end of the Dead Sea was the location of the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls found in 1947 by a Bedouin boy when he threw a rock into a cave. Cave # 4 (shown below) is the most famous of the caves where more than 15,000 fragments were found. From all 11 Qumran caves, every Old Testament book is represented except Esther. Until the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls the oldest manuscripts of the Old Testament were dated to 920 AD. These scrolls were dated to approximately 100 BC and were virtually identical to the more recent manuscripts. This helps confirm the reliability of the Scriptures.

Isaiah 40:8 (NLT) The grass withers and the flowers fade, but the word of our God stands forever.”

Matthew 5:18 (NLT) I tell you the truth, until heaven and earth disappear, not even the smallest detail of God’s law will disappear until its purpose is achieved.

MASADA—The summit of Masada sits 1500 feet above the level of the Dead Sea. According to Josephus, Herod the Great built this fortress between 37-31 BC as a refuge for himself. It includes storehouses, large cisterns, barracks, palaces and an armory. In 73 AD, Roman governor Flavius Silva marched against Masada with the 10th Legion to defeat the Jews who took refuge here. The Romans constructed a rampart on the western approaches of the fortress. In the spring of 74 AD, the Romans moved a battering ram up the ramp and breached the wall of the fortress. Once it became apparent that the 10th Legion's battering rams and catapults would succeed in breaching Masada's walls, Elazar ben Yair, the Zealots’ leader, decided that all the Jewish defenders should commit suicide instead of being captured, tortured and enslaved by the Romans. 23 David likened the Lord to rock fortress Psalm 31:1–5 (NLT) O LORD, I have come to you for protection; don’t let me be disgraced. Save me, for you do what is right. Turn your ear to listen to me; rescue me quickly. Be my rock of protection, a fortress where I will be safe. You are my rock and my fortress. For the honor of your name, lead me out of this danger. Pull me from the trap my enemies set for me, for I find protection in you alone. I entrust my spirit into your hand. Rescue me, LORD, for you are a faithful God.

JORDAN RIVER—Near Jericho is the place where it is believed Jesus was baptized by John the Baptist. We will provide opportunity for anyone who wishes to be baptized in the Jordan River at the Qasr al-Yahud Baptismal site.

Jesus' baptism Matthew 3:13–17 (NLT) Then Jesus went from Galilee to the Jordan River to be baptized by John. 14 But John tried to talk him out of it. “I am the one who needs to be baptized by you,” he said, “so why are you coming to me?” 15 But Jesus said, “It should be done, for we must carry out all that God requires.” So John agreed to baptize him. 16 After his baptism, as Jesus came up out of the water, the heavens were opened and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and settling on him. 17 And a voice from heaven said, “This is my dearly loved Son, who brings me great joy.”

Bethany beyond the Jordan John 1:28 (NLT) This encounter took place in Bethany, an area east of the Jordan River, where John was baptizing.

Joshua crossed the Jordan River here Joshua 3:13 (NLT) The priests will carry the Ark of the LORD, the Lord of all the earth. As soon as their feet touch the water, the flow of water will be cut off upstream, and the river will stand up like a wall.”

Jesus was tempted in the wilderness of Judea Mark 1:12–13 (NLT) The Spirit then compelled Jesus to go into the wilderness, 13 where he was tempted by Satan for forty days. He was out among the wild animals, and angels took care of him.

JERICHO—This ancient city (one of the oldest on earth) is the location of Joshua's first battle as he led the Children of Israel into the Promised Land in 1406 BC. Much

24 controversy has surrounded this ancient site, but more recent evidence has tended to confirm the Biblical story.

Joshua 6:15,20,24 (NLT) On the seventh day the Israelites got up at dawn and marched around the town as they had done before. But this time they went around the town seven times…20 When the people heard the sound of the rams’ horns, they shouted as loud as they could. Suddenly, the walls of Jericho collapsed, and the Israelites charged straight into the town and captured it…24 Then the Israelites burned the town and everything in it. Only the things made from silver, gold, bronze, or iron were kept for the treasury of the LORD’s house.

NOTES

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______25 GALILEE

GALILEE—The word Galilee means "region of." To this was added "Goyim" which is the Hebrew word for Gentiles. So it was originally used to describe the "region of the Gentiles." Israel at the time of Christ had Judea in the south, Samaria in the center and Galilee in the north.

Messiah would come from Galilee Isaiah 9:1–2 (NLT) Nevertheless, that time of darkness and despair will not go on forever. The land of Zebulun and Naphtali will be humbled, but there will be a time in the future when Galilee of the Gentiles, which lies along the road that runs between the Jordan and the sea, will be filled with glory. 2 The people who walk in darkness will see a great light. For those who live in a land of deep darkness, a light will shine.

NAZARETH—Nazareth is the childhood home of Jesus. Nazareth Village is a living history museum of 1st Century Nazareth run by Arab Christians.

26 Messiah must be called a "netzer" (Hebrew word for branch) Matthew 2:23 (NLT) So the family went and lived in a town called Nazareth. This fulfilled what the prophets had said: “He will be called a Nazarene.”

A branch will come from David Isaiah 11:1 (NLT) Out of the stump of David’s family will grow a shoot— yes, a new Branch bearing fruit from the old root.

Messiah is called "The Branch" Zechariah 6:12 (NLT) Tell him, ‘This is what the LORD of Heaven’s Armies says: Here is the man called the Branch. He will branch out from where he is and build the Temple of the LORD.

SEA OF GALILEE—The Sea of Galilee is locally called "Kinneret" from the Hebrew word for harp because it is shaped like a harp. It is 13 miles long and 8 miles wide with a maximum depth of 141 feet and lies approximately 700 feet below sea level.

Jesus walked on water here "They had rowed three or four miles when suddenly they saw Jesus walking on the water toward the boat. They were terrified," (John 6:19, NLT)

JESUS BOAT—This 2,000 year old boat was found in the mud during a drought in 1986. It is exactly the type of boat that fishermen used on the Sea of Galilee during Jesus' time.

Jesus slept in the stern of the boat Mark 4:38-39 (NLT) "Jesus was sleeping at the back of the boat with his head on a cushion. The disciples woke him up, shouting, “Teacher, don’t you care that we’re going to drown?” When Jesus woke up, he rebuked the wind and said to the waves, “Silence! Be still!” Suddenly the wind stopped, and there was a great calm."

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28 CAPERNAUM—This is the base of Jesus' ministry once He left Nazareth. Located on the north shore of the Sea of Galilee, it was an important fishing village with a population of approximately 1500. It is the home of Peter's mother-in-law (and so Peter's house) and was the location for many of Jesus' miracles and much ministry.

Jesus lived here Matthew 4:13 (NLT) He went first to Nazareth, then left there and moved to Capernaum, beside the Sea of Galilee, in the region of Zebulun and Naphtali.

Peter, Andrew, James & John lived here Matthew 4:18–22 (NLT) One day as Jesus was walking along the shore of the Sea of Galilee, he saw two brothers—Simon, also called Peter, and Andrew— throwing a net into the water, for they fished for a living. 19 Jesus called out to them, “Come, follow me, and I will show you how to fish for people!” 20 And they left their nets at once and followed him. 21 A little farther up the shore he saw two other brothers, James and John, sitting in a boat with their father, Zebedee, repairing their nets. And he called them to come, too. 22 They immediately followed him, leaving the boat and their father behind.

Jesus taught in the Capernaum synagogue Mark 1:21–26 (NLT) Jesus and his companions went to the town of Capernaum. When the Sabbath day came, he went into the synagogue and began to teach. 22 The people were amazed at his teaching, for he taught with real authority—quite unlike the teachers of religious law. 23 Suddenly, a man in the synagogue who was possessed by an evil spirit began shouting, 24 “Why are you interfering with us, Jesus of Nazareth? Have you come to destroy us? I know who you are—the Holy One of God!” 25 Jesus cut him short. “Be quiet! Come out of the man,” he ordered. 26 At that, the evil spirit screamed, threw the man into a convulsion, and then came out of him.

Jesus healed the paralytic Mark 2:1–3 (NLT) When Jesus returned to Capernaum several days later, the news spread quickly that he was back home. 2 Soon the house where he was staying was so packed with visitors that there was no more room, even outside the door. While he was preaching God’s word to them, 3 four men arrived carrying a paralyzed man on a mat. 29 MAGDALA—This village is located on the northwest shore of the Sea of Galilee and was the home of Mary Magdalene ("Mary of Magdala"). The location of this ancient village remained a mystery until it was discovered in 2009. A synagogue with a stone podium used to place the torah scrolls when read was discovered.

Jesus taught in all the synagogues in Galilee Matthew 15:39 (NKJV) And He sent away the multitude, got into the boat, and came to the region of Magdala.

Jesus taught at the synagogue in Magdala Matthew 4:23 (NLT) Jesus traveled throughout the region of Galilee, teaching in the synagogues and announcing the Good News about the Kingdom. And he healed every kind of disease and illness.

Mary was from this village Luke 8:1–2 (NLT) Soon afterward Jesus began a tour of the nearby towns and villages, preaching and announcing the Good News about the Kingdom of God. He took his twelve disciples with him, 2 along with some women who had been cured of evil spirits and diseases. Among them were Mary Magdalene, from whom he had cast out seven demons;

MOUNT OF BEATITUDES—This is the location of Jesus teaching the Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 5-7).

Jesus sat down to teach Matthew 5:1-3 (ISV) When Jesus saw the crowds, he went up on a hillside and sat down. His disciples came to him, and he opened his mouth and began to teach them, saying, “How blessed are those who are destitute in spirit, for the kingdom of heaven belongs to them!"

TABGHA—This is the place where Jesus restored Peter after His resurrection. It is also the place (mistakenly) where Jesus fed the 5,000.

Jesus made a shore breakfast for Peter and the disciples John 21:1,9 (NLT) Later, Jesus appeared again to the disciples beside the Sea of Galilee…When they got there, they found breakfast waiting for them—fish cooking over a charcoal fire, and some bread.

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31 KURSI (Gergesa)—This is the location where Jesus cast the legion of demons out of the man and then cast them into the pigs who ran down the slopes and drown in the Sea of Galilee. It is also known as Gergesa, and Gadara in some manuscripts.

Jesus cast the demons into the pigs Mark 5:1–13 (NLT) So they arrived at the other side of the lake, in the region of the Gerasenes. 2 When Jesus climbed out of the boat, a man possessed by an evil spirit came out from a cemetery to meet him. 3 This man lived among the burial caves and could no longer be restrained, even with a chain... With a shriek, he screamed, “Why are you interfering with me, Jesus, Son of the Most High God? In the name of God, I beg you, don’t torture me!” 8 For Jesus had already said to the spirit, “Come out of the man, you evil spirit.” 9 Then Jesus demanded, “What is your name?” And he replied, “My name is Legion, because there are many of us inside this man.” 10 Then the evil spirits begged him again and again not to send them to some distant place. 11 There happened to be a large herd of pigs feeding on the hillside nearby. 12 “Send us into those pigs,” the spirits begged. “Let us enter them.” 13 So Jesus gave them permission. The evil spirits came out of the man and entered the pigs, and the entire herd of about 2,000 pigs plunged down the steep hillside into the lake and drowned in the water.

DAN—This is the ancient city of Laish that was included in territory distributed to the Tribe of Dan by Joshua around 1400 BC. They ultimately conquered the city and renamed it Dan. Remains of a pagan altar can still be seen here.

The Tribe of Dan conquered Laish and renamed it Dan Judges 18:29–30 (NLT) They renamed the town Dan after their ancestor, Israel’s son, but it had originally been called Laish. 30 Then they set up the carved image, and they appointed Jonathan son of Gershom, son of Moses, as their priest. This family continued as priests for the tribe of Dan until the Exile.

King Jeroboam made Dan one of the locations for Baal worship 1 Kings 12:26,28,29 (NLT) Jeroboam thought to himself, “Unless I am careful, the kingdom will return to the dynasty of David…28 So on the advice of his counselors, the king made two gold calves. He said to the people, “It is too much trouble for you to worship in Jerusalem. Look, Israel, these are the gods who brought you out of Egypt!” 29 He placed these calf idols in Bethel and in Dan—at either end of his kingdom. 32 CAESAREA PHILIPPI (BANIAS)—About 25 miles north of the Sea of Galilee is this city built by Herod Philip, the son of Herod the Great, to honor Caesar Augustus and himself. Thought to be the birthplace of the god Pan, it was euphemistically call "the gates of Hades." It is here that Jesus asked His disciples, "Who do you say that I am?"

Church on the Rock Matthew 16:15–19 (NLT) Then he asked them, “But who do you say I am?” 16 Simon Peter answered, “You are the Messiah, the Son of the living God.” 17 Jesus replied, “You are blessed, Simon son of John, because my Father in heaven has revealed this to you. You did not learn this from any human being. 18 Now I say to you that you are Peter (which means ‘rock’), and upon this rock I will build my church, and all the powers of hell will not conquer it. 19 And I will give you the keys of the Kingdom of Heaven. Whatever you forbid on earth will be forbidden in heaven, and whatever you permit on earth will be permitted in heaven.”

MEGIDDO—The ancient city of Megiddo guarded a major trade route in Bible times. The hill (or Tel) has at least 26 layers of civilization built one on top of the other. Looking over the Jezreel Valley, it is the location of the future battle of Armageddon (from Har = hill + Megiddo).

King Solomon built Megiddo 1 Kings 9:15 (NLT) This is the account of the forced labor that King Solomon conscripted to build the LORD’s Temple, the royal palace, the supporting terraces, the wall of Jerusalem, and the cities of Hazor, Megiddo, and Gezer.

Jesus will return to fight this battle Revelation 16:15–16 (NLT) “Look, I will come as unexpectedly as a thief! Blessed are all who are watching for me, who keep their clothing ready so they will not have to walk around naked and ashamed.” 16 And the demonic spirits gathered all the rulers and their armies to a place with the Hebrew name Armageddon.

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34 CAESAREA MARITIMA—Herod the Great built this Roman city named for Caesar Augustus creating a manmade harbor on the shore of the Mediterranean. It contains a large theater, hippodrome and many other features. This is the site where Herod's son, Herod Agrippa I, died, and where Paul gave his testimony to King Agrippa II.

Herod Agrippa I Died at Caesarea Acts 12:20–23 (NLT) Now Herod was very angry with the people of Tyre and Sidon. So they sent a delegation to make peace with him because their cities were dependent upon Herod’s country for food. The delegates won the support of Blastus, Herod’s personal assistant, 21 and an appointment with Herod was granted. When the day arrived, Herod put on his royal robes, sat on his throne, and made a speech to them. 22 The people gave him a great ovation, shouting, “It’s the voice of a god, not of a man!” 23 Instantly, an angel of the Lord struck Herod with a sickness, because he accepted the people’s worship instead of giving the glory to God. So he was consumed with worms and died.

Paul's testimony before Herod Agrippa II Acts 26:1–2 (NLT) Then Agrippa said to Paul, “You may speak in your defense.” So Paul, gesturing with his hand, started his defense: 2 “I am fortunate, King Agrippa, that you are the one hearing my defense today against all these accusations made by the Jewish leaders,

MOUNT CARMEL—This mountain range runs from the Jezreel Valley to the peninsula into the Mediterranean Sea. This is where Elijah defeated the prophets of Baal.

Elijah defeated the prophets of Baal on Mount Carmel 1 Kings 18:20–21 (NLT) So Ahab summoned all the people of Israel and the prophets to Mount Carmel. 21 Then Elijah stood in front of them and said, “How much longer will you waver, hobbling between two opinions? If the LORD is God, follow him! But if Baal is God, then follow him!”

HAROD SPRING—This spring is the location where Gideon selected the 300 men who would defeat the 135,000 Midianites.

Gideon at Harod Spring Judges 7:1 (NLT) So Jerub-baal (that is, Gideon) and his army got up early and went as far as the spring of Harod. The armies of Midian were camped north of them in the valley near the hill of Moreh.

35 Only 300 drank from their hands Judges 7:5–6 (NLT) When Gideon took his warriors down to the water, the LORD told him, “Divide the men into two groups. In one group put all those who cup water in their hands and lap it up with their tongues like dogs. In the other group put all those who kneel down and drink with their mouths in the stream.” 6 Only 300 of the men drank from their hands. All the others got down on their knees and drank with their mouths in the stream.

BETH SHEAN / SCYTHOPOLIS—This is the city where King Saul was killed with his sons in the battle against the Philistines. The Roman city of Scythopolis was the leading city of the Decapolis (Ten Roman Cities), but was destroyed in an earthquake in 363 AD.

Saul's body hung on the walls of Beth Shean 1 Samuel 31:8–10 (NLT) The next day, when the Philistines went out to strip the dead, they found the bodies of Saul and his three sons on Mount Gilboa. 9 So they cut off Saul’s head and stripped off his armor. Then they proclaimed the good news of Saul’s death in their pagan temple and to the people throughout the land of Philistia. 10 They placed his armor in the temple of the Ashtoreths, and they fastened his body to the wall of the city of Beth-shan.

Former demon-possessed man shared Jesus with the Decapolis Mark 5:18–20 (NIV84) As Jesus was getting into the boat, the man who had been demon-possessed begged to go with him. 19 Jesus did not let him, but said, “Go home to your family and tell them how much the Lord has done for you, and how he has had mercy on you.” 20 So the man went away and began to tell in the Decapolis how much Jesus had done for him. And all the people were amazed.

ZIPPORI (SEPPHORIS)—This Roman city lies 3 miles north of Nazareth. Named from tzippor (Hebrew for "bird"), probably because it was perched on top of a mountain like a bird. Herod Antipas (son of Herod the Great) as governor had the city rebuilt to be the "ornament of Galilee." It was reported that all of the builders in the entire region of Galilee were conscripted to rebuild Zippori. It might well be that Joseph and the young Jesus would walk the 3 miles every day to work on this city.

Jesus was a carpenter / builder Mark 6:3 (NLT) Then they scoffed, “He’s just a carpenter, the son of Mary and the brother of James, Joseph, Judas, and Simon. And his sisters live right here among us.” They were deeply offended and refused to believe in him. 36 NOTES

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TOUR LEADERS

Gary & Kathy Stump—Gary is Pastor of Onward Church in Fishers, Indiana. When Onward Church was planted November 2011 we determined to bless Israel by leading Bible Study Tours to the Holy Land as an important part of our church's vision. We have seen how walking where Jesus walked ignites a passion for Christ and His work in the world. Pastor Gary has pastored in Indiana since 1991. He is married to Kathy; they have five children and seventeen grandchildren. Gary studied at IU, Crossroads Bible College and Southern Seminary.

Moshe & Batel Loewenthal—Moshe is pastor of Beit Avi Congregation. He and his wife, Batel, made aliyah to Israel with their family after growing up in Brazil. Moshe's love for and knowledge of Israel plus his depth of knowledge of God's word will provide incredible spiritual insights as we tour the places of the Bible. Moshe and Batel live in Karmiel and have four children, and one grandson. Moshe served with Sam Nadler in New York City, received his Masters in Biblical Studies at Israel College of the Bible, and is currently studying for his doctorate at Dallas Theological Seminary in conjunction with Israel College of the Bible.

PO BOX 681 ● FISHERS, IN 46038 ● www.onwardchurch.org PASTOR GARY L. STUMP ● [email protected] ● 317.513.0227 39