FAMILY Serrasalmidae Bleeker, 1859 - piranhas and allies [=Serrasalmi, Serrasalmoniformes,Mylesinae, Catoprionidi] GENUS Acnodon Eigenmann, 1903 - pacus Species Acnodon normani Gosline, 1951 - sheep-pacu Species Acnodon oligacanthus (Müller & Trochel, 1844) - Suriname pacu Species Acnodon senai Jégu & Santos, 1990 - Jari pacu GENUS Catoprion Müller & Troschel, 1844 - piranhas Species Catoprion mento (Cuvier, 1819) - wimple piranha [=macropterus] GENUS Colossoma Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1903 - tambaquis, black pacu [=Melloina, Waiteina] Species Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1816) - blackfin pacu [=nigripinnis, oculus, orbignyanum, tambaqui A, tambaqui K] GENUS Metynnis Cope, 1878 - silver dollars [=Myleocollops, Sealeina] Species Metynnis altidorsalis Ahl, 1923 - Paramaribo silver dollar Species Metynnis argenteus Ahl, 1923 - silver dollar [=eigenmanni] Species Metynnis cuiaba Pavanelli et al., 2009 - Cuiaba silver dollar Species Metynnis fasciatus Ahl, 1931 - Capiuru silver dollar Species Metynnis guaporensis Eigenmann, 1915 - Guapore silver dollar Species Metynnis hypsauchen (Müller & Troschel, 1844) - plain metynnis [=calichromus, ehrhardti, schreitmuelleri] Species Metynnis lippincottianus (Cope, 1870) - spotted silver dollar [=anisurus, dungerni, goeldii, heinrothi, orbicularis, roosevelti, seitzi, snethlageae] Species Metynnis longipinnis Zarske & Gery, 2008 - silver dollar Species Metynnis luna Cope, 1878 - luna silver dollar Species Metynnis maculatus (Kner, 1858) - silver dollar, spotted metynnis Species Metynnis melanogrammus Ota et al., 2016 - Parauari silver dollar Species Metynnis mola Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1903 - mola silver dollar Species Metynnis orinocensis (Steindachner, 1908) - Orinoco silver dollar Species Metynnis otuquensis Ahl, 1923 - Otuquis silver dollar Species Metynnis polystictus Zarske & Gery, 2008 - silver dollar GENUS Mylesinus Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1850 - serrasalmids Species Mylesinus paraschomburgkii Jégu et al., 1989 - Trombetas serrasalmid Species Mylesinus paucisquamatus Jégu & Santos, 1988 - Tocantins serrasalmid Species Mylesinus schomburgkii Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1850 – Essequibo serrasalmid GENUS Myleus Müller & Troschel, 1844 - serrasalmids, myleus Species Myleus altipinnis (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1850) - altipinnis serrasalmid Species Myleus knerii (Steindachner, 1881) - Moroni serrasalmid Species Myleus micans (Lütken, 1875) - Taquarucu serrasalmid Species Myleus pacu (Jardine, in Schomburgk, 1841) - pacu Species Myleus setiger Müller & Troschel, 1844 - setiger serrasalmid [=divaricatus, doidyxodon, filosus] GENUS Myloplus Gill, 1896 - serrasalmids [=Orthomyleus, Paramyloplus, Prosomyleus] Species Myloplus arnoldi Ahl, 1936 - Arnold's serrasalmid Species Myloplus asterias (Muller & Troschel, 1844) - Guyana serrasalmid [=ellipticus, gurupyensis, maculatus, schulzei] Species Myloplus levis (Eigenmann & McAtee, in Eigenmann et al., 1907) - Bahia Negra serrasalmid Species Myloplus lobatus (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1850) - lobed serrasalmid [=discoideus, parma] Species Myloplus lucienae Andrade et al., 2016 - Carabinani serrasalmid Species Myloplus planquettei Jegu et al., 2003 - Moroni serrasalmid Species Myloplus rhomboidalis (Cuvier, 1818) - rhomboid serrasalmid [=latus, pacupeba] Species Myloplus rubripinnis (Muller & Troschel, 1844) - redhook myleus [=luna] Species Myloplus schomburgkii (Jardine, in Schomburgk, 1841) - Schomburgk's serrasalmid [=palometa, schomburgkii] Species Myloplus ternetzi (Norman, 1929) - Maparu serrasalmid [=goslinei] Species Myloplus tiete (Eigenmann & Norris, 1900) - Piracicaba serrasalmid Species Myloplus torquatus (Kner, 1858) - Branco serrasalmid Species Myloplus zorroi Andrade et al., 2016 - Aripuana serrasalmid GENUS Mylossoma Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1903 - serrasalmids [=Starksina] Species Mylossoma acanthogaster (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1850) – Maracaibo mylossoma Species Mylossoma duriventre (Cuvier, 1818) - Brazilian mylossoma [=albiscopus, argenteum, ocellatum, orbignyanus, paraguayensis, trigintaradiatus, unimaculatus] Species Mylossoma aureum (Spix & Agassiz, 1829) - Spix's mylossoma [=herniarius, ventriosa] GENUS Ossubtus Jegu, 1992 - serrasalmids Species Ossubtus xinguense Jegu, 1992 - beaked ossubtus GENUS Piaractus Eigenmann, 1903 - pacus, pirapatingas [=Reganina] Species Piaractus brachypomus (Cuvier, 1818) - pirapatinga [=bidens, fowleri, paco] Species Piaractus mesopotamicus (Holmberg, 1887) - pacu [=canterai, edulis, mitrei] GENUS Pristobrycon Eigenmann, 1915 - piranahas Species Pristobrycon aureus (Spix & Agassiz, 1829) - aureus piranaha [=erythrophthalmus, gymnogenys] Species Pristobrycon calmoni (Steindachner, 1908) - Para piranaha [=bilineatus, coccogenis, gibbosus] Species Pristobrycon careospinus Fink & Machado-Allison, 1992 - Atabapo piranaha Species Pristobrycon maculipinnis Fink & Machado-Allison, 1992 - Pamoni piranaha Species Pristobrycon striolatus (Steindachner, 1908) - Steindachner's piranaha [=antoni, baratai, scapularis] GENUS Pygocentrus Müller & Troschel, 1844 - piranhas [=Gastropristis, Rooseveltiella, Taddyella] Species Pygocentrus cariba (Humboldt, in Humboldt & Valenciennes, 1821) - black spot piranha [=albus, caribe, notatus, stigmaterythraeus] Species Pygocentrus nattereri Kner, 1858 - red piranha, red-bellied piranha [=altus, ternetzi] Species Pygocentrus palometa Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1850 - palometa piranha Species Pygocentrus piraya (Cuvier, 1819) - blacktail piranha, San Francisco piranha [=bidorsalis, ferox, piranha] GENUS Pygopristis Müller & Troschel, 1844 - piranhas Species Pygopristis denticulata (Cuvier, 1819) - lobetoothed piranha [=fumarius, punctatus] GENUS Serrasalmus Lacepède, 1803 - piranhas, pirambebas, "typical" piranhas [=Serrasalmo] Species Serrasalmus altispinis Merckx et al., 2000 - Pitinga piranha Species Serrasalmus altuvei Ramírez, 1965 - caribe azul Species Serrasalmus auriventris (Burmeister, 1861) - golden-bellied piranha Species Serrasalmus brandtii Lutken, 1875 - white piranha Species Serrasalmus compressus Jégu et al., 1991 - compressus piranha Species Serrasalmus eigenmanni Norman, 1929 - Eigenmann's piranha Species Serrasalmus elongatus Kner, 1858 - slender piranha [=pingke] Species Serrasalmus geryi Jégu & Santos, 1988 - violet-line piranha Species Serrasalmus gibbus Castelnau, 1855 - Araguay piranha Species Serrasalmus gouldingi Fink & Machado-Allison, 1992 - blue tiger piranha Species Serrasalmus hastatus Fink & Machado-Allison, 2001 - Branco piranha Species Serrasalmus hollandi Eigenmann, 1915 - Holland's piranha Species Serrasalmus humeralis Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1850 - pirambeba [=tizoura] Species Serrasalmus irritans Peters, 1877 - caribe pinche [=fernandezi] Species Serrasalmus maculatus Kner, 1858 - spotted piranha [=aesopus, melanurus] Species Serrasalmus manueli (Fernández-Yépez & Ramírez, 1967) - green tiger piranha Species Serrasalmus marginatus Valenciennes, 1837 - Parana piranha Species Serrasalmus medinai Ramírez, 1965 - red-throated piranha Species Serrasalmus nalseni Fernández-Yépez, 1969 - caribe pintado Species Serrasalmus neveriensis Machado-Allison et al., 1993 - Querecual piranha Species Serrasalmus nigricans Spix & Agassiz, 1829 - Spix's piranha Species Serrasalmus nigricauda (Burmeister, 1861) - Rosario piranha Species Serrasalmus rhombeus (Linnaeus, 1766) - black piranha [=boekeri, gracilior, immaculatus, niger, normani] Species Serrasalmus odyssei Hubert & Renno, 2010 - Itenez piranha Species Serrasalmus sanchezi Géry, 1964 - Sanchez's piranha Species Serrasalmus serrulatus (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1850) - caribe cortador Species Serrasalmus spilopleura Kner, 1858 - dark-banded piranha [=dulcis] GENUS Tometes Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1850 - rheophilic serrasalmids Species Tometes ancylorhynchus Andrade et al., 2016 - Cachoeira piranha Species Tometes camunani Andrade et al., 2013 - Trombetas piranha Species Tometes kranponhah Andrade et al., 2016 - Xingu piranha Species Tometes lebaili Jégu et al., 2002 - Litany piranha Species Tometes makue Jégu et al., 2002 - makue piranha Species Tometes siderocarajensis Andrade et al., 2017 - Itacaiunas River piranha Species Tometes trilobatus Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1850 - Cayenne piranha [=unilobatus] GENUS Utiaritichthys Miranda Ribeiro, 1937 - serrasalmids Species Utiaritichthys esguiceroi Pereira & Castro, 2014 - Juruena piranha Species Utiaritichthys longidorsalis Jégu et al., 1992 - Aripuana piranha Species Utiaritichthys sennaebragai Miranda Ribeiro, 1937 - Papagaio piranha