Escuela De Pedagogía

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Escuela De Pedagogía .: SÓLO PARA CONSULTA :. CAMPUS BONATERRA ESCUELA DE PEDAGOGÍA EL NIVEL DE CONOCIMIENTO DE LOS DOCENTES SOBRE ESTRATEGIAS DE DETECCIÓN Y PREVENCIÓN DEL BULLYING INTRAGÉNERO FEMENINO Y SU INFLUENCIA EN EL TIPO DE DESARROLLO EDUCATIVO Y PROFESIONAL DE LAS ESTUDIANTES DE LA ESCUELA SECUNDARIA TÉCNICA No. 27 “BENEMÉRITO DE LAS AMÉRICAS” TESIS QUE PRESENTA GABRIELA VELASCO LÓPEZ PARA OBTENER EL GRADO DE MAESTRÍA EN ENSEÑANZA SUPERIOR CON RECONOCIMIENTO DE VALIDEZ OFICIAL DE ESTUDIOS DE LA SECRETARÍA DE EDUCACIÓN PÚBLICA, DE ACUERDO CON EL N° 964016 DE FECHA 01-03-96 DIRECTOR DE TESIS MTRO. ENRIQUE DE LEÓN DÁVALOS AGUASCALIENTES, AGS., FEBRERO DE 2012. .: SÓLO PARA CONSULTA :. DEDICATORIAS A MI MEJOR AMIGO MI COMPAÑERO DE TODA LA VIDA, A MI PAREJA INCANSABLE Y FERREO QUIEN ME IMPULSÓ A SEGUIR Y TERMINAR SIN IMPORTAR LOS SACRIFICIOS QUE SE VIVIERON, GRACIAS EDUARDO POR TU APOYO INCONDICIONAL. AL AMOR DE MI VIDA Y MOTOR PARA VIVIR Y PROGRESAR,, A TÍ LA NIÑA DE MIS OJOS XITLALLI GRACIAS POR SER MI CONEXIÓN CON DIOS Y DARME EL PRIVILEGIO DE SER TU MADRE. .: SÓLO PARA CONSULTA :. AGRADECIMIENTOS GRACIAS A TI SEÑOR QUIEN ME HA DADO ESPERANZA Y FE PARA INICIAR ESTE CAMINO TAN DIFÍCIL PERO AL MISMO TIEMPO LLENO DE SATISFACCIONES Y LOGRAR TERMINAR CON ÉXITO ESTE GRAN PROYECTO EL CUAL ME AYUDARÁ PARA SERVIR Y APORTAR ALGO POSITIVO A MI PAIS. GRACIAS A TI PADRE POR EL APOYO INCONDICIONAL Y POR LA CONFIANZA QUE SIEMPRE ME DISTE AL IMPULSAR MI PENSAMIENTO INQUIETO Y LLENO DE IDEAS, GRACIAS POR DARME TU CREDIBILIDAD SIN IMPORTAR MI GÉNERO Y ROL SOCIAL. GRACIAS A TI MADRE POR DARME LA VIDA Y PERMITIR QUE YO PUDIERA SALIR ADELANTE CON VOLUNTAD DE ACERO. .: SÓLO PARA CONSULTA :. ÍNDICE PORTADA DICTAMEN DEDICATORIAS AGRADECIMIENTOS ÍNDICE INTRODUCCIÓN CAPÍTULO I FORMULACIÓN DEL PROBLEMA 1.1 Contexto Histórico Social……………………………………………....... 16 1.2 Delimitación del Objeto de Estudio……………………………………... 26 1.3 Planteamiento del Problema…………………………………………….. 32 1.4 Justificación……………………………………………………………….. 34 1.5 Propósitos…………………………………………………………………. 37 CAPÍTULO II MARCO TEÓRICO 2.1 Identificación genérica de teorías o enfoques existentes…................... 41 2.1.1 El Modelo Psicoanalítico de Freud…………………………………. 43 2.1.2 El Modelo del Conductismo de Watson……………………………. 45 2.1.3 Modelo de la Frustración-agresión de Dollar y Miller…………….. 47 2.1.4 El Modelo del Humanismo de Maslow…………………………...... 48 .: SÓLO PARA CONSULTA :. 2.1.5 El Modelo de la Etología de Lorenz………………………………... 50 2.1.6 El Modelo Cognoscitivista y Piaget………………………………… 52 2.1.7 El Modelo del Constructivismo y Vigotsky…………………………. 54 2.2 Desarrollo de la Teoría o Enfoque Seleccionado ………………………. 56 2.2.1 El Constructivismo y la Teoría de Vigotsky………………………... 56 2.2.2 El Bullying Intragénero Femenino………………………………….. 71 2.3 Identificación y Desarrollo de Categorías Conceptuales……………….. 89 2.4 Sujetos Intervinientes………………………………………………………. 95 2.4.1 Características de los Adolescentes (estudiantes)………………. 96 2.4.2 Características de los Adultos (docentes)………………………… 103 2.5 Normativa……………………………………………………………….. 114 2.6 Alternativas de Solución……………………………………………………. 126 CAPÍTULO III METODOLOGÍA DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN 3.1 Formulación de Hipótesis y Determinación de Variables…………… 130 3.2 Diseño y Tipo de Investigación…………………………………………. 136 3.3 Trabajo de Campo……………………………………………………….. 137 3.4 Resultados………………………………………………………………… 157 CAPÍTULO IV ELEMENTOS DE LA PROPUESTA 4.1 Nombre de la Propuesta de Intervención……………………………… 181 .: SÓLO PARA CONSULTA :. 4.2 Introducción……………………………………………………………….. 181 4.3 Justificación……………………………………………………………….. 183 4.4 Propósitos…………………………………………………………………. 185 4.5 Estrategias………………………………………………………………… 187 4.6 Desarrollo de la Propuesta………………………………………………. 188 4.7 Cronograma de Actividades…………………………………………….. 221 4.8 Evaluación de la Propuesta……………………………………………... 222 Capítulo V ANÁLISIS DE RESULTADOS 5.1 Análisis del Proceso……………………………………………………… 224 5.2 Importancia de la Implementación……………………………………… 228 5.3 Solución de la Problemática Detectada………………………………... 230 5.4 Impacto y Reacción de los Sujetos Involucrados…………………….. 231 5.5 Evaluación de las Formas de Trabajo y Acciones que Favorecieron los Resultados ………………………………………………………………... 233 5.6 Dificultades, Limitaciones y Retos……………………………………… 233 5.7 Reflexión de los Aprendizajes………………………………………….. 234 Conclusiones…………………………………………………………….. 236 Bibliografía……………………………………………………………….. 240 Anexos……………………………………………………………………….. 258 .: SÓLO PARA CONSULTA :. INTRODUCCIÓN La presente investigación habla sobre la violencia que ejercen las mujeres específicamente adolescentes de nivel secundaria contra sus propios pares así como el impacto que este tipo de conductas ejercen sobre el desarrollo académico y profesional posteriormente de las mismas. Se tiene la necesidad de trabajar en el tema debido a que muy frecuentemente desde tiempos remotos y en la actualidad se vienen presentando de manera alarmante estos casos de acoso, no importando el nivel socioeconómico que se tenga. Algunos casos son reportados pero la gran mayoría no lo hace debido al miedo o pena que les han hecho sentir sus acosadoras, afectándose profundamente así mismas al callar estos hechos tan graves y creer que son en verdad culpables de lo que les pasa. Se busca dar a las alumnas, docentes, padres de familia y exalumnas un nuevo panorama en cuanto a la creación y mejora de vínculos de confianza entre sí con la finalidad de detener esta ola de agresiones por, entre y contra las mujeres tanto desde el ámbito escolar, familiar, laboral y social. La importancia de dicha investigación se acentúa en este tema porqué surge debido a la problemática de la .: SÓLO PARA CONSULTA :. violencia entre las adolescentes de secundaria y su continuación después de está, así como su expansión hacia las áreas laborales de las mujeres. Se pretende proporcionar información de calidad sobre dicha problemática a las alumnas de secundaria y población en general, así como dar asesorías u orientaciones especificas para que logren salir adelante al sufrir dichos ataques tanto en lo personal, educativo y laboral. Es así pues como es fundamental que toda la población escolar participe al igual que los padres de familia para poder lograr cambiar paradigmas y malas costumbres sobre el trato entre, por y para las mujeres en México. Con esta investigación se desea aportar acciones para salvaguardar la integridad de cada miembro femenino de la comunidad escolar, siendo parte fundamental el docente, pues en medida que se aporten elementos educativos a cada uno de ellos para hacer frente a esta problemática de violencia entre las alumnas; el respeto a la persona de las adolescentes, la cual se manifiesta a través de una serie de actos nocivos como lo es el bullying intragénero femenino, se podrán edificar bases sólidas para el desarrollo de familias sanas y por consecuencia la formación de seres capaces de trascender en su actuar cotidiano. .: SÓLO PARA CONSULTA :. Capítulo I. En este apartado, se hace una semblanza sobre el tema de violencia a nivel mundial, nacional, estatal y finalmente, en que lugar se llevará a cabo el pilotaje y muestreo. En esta parte se hace hincapié en el interés por el tema, ya que es una problemática que se presenta con bastante frecuencia dentro de las instituciones escolares, así como en el interior de los hogares de las propias alumnas sin siquiera sospechar la gravedad de propiciar este tipo de conductas negativas en ellas. Capítulo II. Este apartado se realiza un sustento científico y se muestran conceptos importantes sobre la problemática de investigación, como el significado de: persona, adolescente, adulto, acoso escolar, así como de las teorías que respaldan y sustentan la problemática que se trata en el presente trabajo y además de las características físicas, cognitivas y sociales de cada uno de los sujetos intervinientes en el mismo. Capítulo III. Este apartado se refiere a la fundamentación y justificación de la propuesta a desarrollar. Se formula la hipótesis, se determinan la variables, se realiza el diseño y tipo de investigación, se realiza el trabajo de campo refiriéndose al muestreo y pilotaje, el procesamiento de información y se determinan los resultados. .: SÓLO PARA CONSULTA :. Diagnóstico. Se elaboró un instrumento adaptado a cada uno de los sujetos intervinientes en la problemática eje de esta investigación, los cuales son las alumnas, los docentes, los padres de familia y las exalumnas, llevándose a cabo la aplicación del mismo para luego hacer el análisis de resultados y evaluar la naturaleza del problema. Dicho trabajo de investigación, será de tipo descriptivo, correlacional y analítico. Capítulo IV. En este capítulo se insiste en la importancia de asistir a la semana cultural que se ofrece como propuesta de intervención, ya que se pretende ayudar a todos los actores intervinientes que pertenecen a la escuela y mejorar el ambiente tanto educativo, familiar, laboral y social de las alumnas de la institución. De a cuerdo a los resultados arrojados del instrumento aplicado, se diseñó una propuesta de intervención, donde se pretende trabajar con las alumnas, docentes, padres de familia y exalumnas de las institución a través de una “semana cultural” denominada “Di no a la violencia entre féminas (Mujeres)” que tiene como finalidad buscar la mejora de la convivencia escolar, familiar, laboral y social para prevenir problemas de interacción y socialización entre los protagonistas de esta investigación; las temáticas principales que se tratarán son: - Acoso femenino
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