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Novichok Agent - Wikipedia
18-3-2018 Novichok agent - Wikipedia Novichok agent Novichok (Russian: Новичо́к, "newcomer") is a series of nerve agents the Soviet Union and Russia developed between 1971 and 1993.[a][2][3] Russian scientists who developed the agents claim they are the deadliest nerve agents ever made, with some variants possibly five to eight times more potent than VX,[4][5] and others up to ten times more potent than soman.[6] They were designed as part of a Soviet program codenamed "FOLIANT".[7][1] Five Novichok variants are believed to have been weaponised for military use.[8] The most versatile was A-232 (Novichok-5).[9] Novichok agents have never been used on the battlefield. Theresa May, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, said that one such agent was used in the poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal in England in March 2018.[10] Russia officially denies producing or researching Novichok agents.[11] In 2013, the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons Scientific Advisory Board reported that it had insufficient information to comment on the existence or properties of Novichok agents,[12] and in 2011 it noted there was no peer reviewed paper on Novichok agents in scientific literature.[13] Contents Design objectives Disclosure Development and test sites Description of Novichok agents Chemistry Effects Use Poisoning of Kivelidi Poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal See also References Further reading External links Design objectives These agents were designed to achieve four objectives:[14][15] To be undetectable using standard 1970s and 1980s NATO chemical detection equipment; To defeat NATO chemical protective gear; To be safer to handle; To circumvent the Chemical Weapons Convention list of controlled precursors, classes of chemical and physical form. -
WORLD DISTRIBUTION of THUNDERSTORM DAYS PART I: TABLES Supplement No
\jV IVI 0 ~I TP,6 WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION ORGANISATION METEOROLOGIQUE MONDIALE,J,: f Secretariat of the World Meteorological Organblation Secretariat de l'Organis~tion M~teorologique Mondiale S;L" t.) ~ IJ, f Geneva • Switzerland Geneve • Smsse I ff. WORLD DISTRIBUTION OF THUNDERSTORM DAYS PART I: TABLES Supplement No. I REPARTITION . MONDIALE DES JOURS D'ORAGE Ire PARTIE: TABLEAUX Supplement N° I PRICE/PRIX: Sw. fr./Fr.s. 2.- WMO IOMM • No. 21. TP. 6 1956 - 3 - INT ROD UCT ION This supplement contains data from 245 stations in the U.S.S.R., received since the main volume was published in July 1953. Further sup plementswill be issued if and when data from other countries are received in the Secretariat. An explanation of the tables will be found in the In troduction to the original publication "World Distribution of Thunderstonn ll Days - Part 1 : Tables , WMO - No. 21. TP. 6, copies of which are avail able from the WMO Secretariat, Price Sw. fr. 9.-. 1 NT ROD UCT ION Ce supplement contient des renseignements sur 245 stations de l'U.R.S.S. regus depuis la publication, en juillet 1953, du volume prin cipal. D'autres supplements seront publies au fur et a mesure que des donnees d'autres pays seront communiquees au Secretariat. On trouvera l'explication des tableaux dans l'introduction a la publication originale ll "RepartitioD mondiale des j ours d' orage - lere Partie : Tableaux , OMM N° 21. TP.6, dont les exemplaires peuvent etre obtenus au Secretariat de l'OMM au prix de : fr. s·. -
Russian Museums Visit More Than 80 Million Visitors, 1/3 of Who Are Visitors Under 18
Moscow 4 There are more than 3000 museums (and about 72 000 museum workers) in Russian Moscow region 92 Federation, not including school and company museums. Every year Russian museums visit more than 80 million visitors, 1/3 of who are visitors under 18 There are about 650 individual and institutional members in ICOM Russia. During two last St. Petersburg 117 years ICOM Russia membership was rapidly increasing more than 20% (or about 100 new members) a year Northwestern region 160 You will find the information aboutICOM Russia members in this book. All members (individual and institutional) are divided in two big groups – Museums which are institutional members of ICOM or are represented by individual members and Organizations. All the museums in this book are distributed by regional principle. Organizations are structured in profile groups Central region 192 Volga river region 224 Many thanks to all the museums who offered their help and assistance in the making of this collection South of Russia 258 Special thanks to Urals 270 Museum creation and consulting Culture heritage security in Russia with 3M(tm)Novec(tm)1230 Siberia and Far East 284 © ICOM Russia, 2012 Organizations 322 © K. Novokhatko, A. Gnedovsky, N. Kazantseva, O. Guzewska – compiling, translation, editing, 2012 [email protected] www.icom.org.ru © Leo Tolstoy museum-estate “Yasnaya Polyana”, design, 2012 Moscow MOSCOW A. N. SCRiAbiN MEMORiAl Capital of Russia. Major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation center of Russia and the continent MUSEUM Highlights: First reference to Moscow dates from 1147 when Moscow was already a pretty big town. -
NPR72: the Pavlodar Chemical Weapons Plant in Kazakhstan
GULBARSHYN BOZHEYEVA Report The Pavlodar Chemical Weapons Plant in Kazakhstan: History and Legacy GULBARSHYN BOZHEYEVA Gulbarshyn Bozheyeva holds a Ph.D. degree in Chemical Physics from the Kazakh State University. From 1996-97, she was a Visiting Scholar and Research Associate at the Center for Nonproliferation Studies at the Monterey Institute of International Studies. She is now completing a master’s degree in International Development Policy at Duke University. he former Soviet Union’s chemical weapons theless, manufacturing lines and equipment for primary (CW) program consisted of many production and intermediate CW precursors and buildings for fill- plants that created the world’s largest stockpile ing CW munitions were constructed at Pavlodar. The T 1 of chemical weapons. Most of the CW production and plant also acquired personnel with expertise in CW pro- storage facilities were located in Russia, but a few fa- duction.5 cilities existed in other Soviet republics. In recent years, This report is devoted to the role of the Pavlodar Western countries have provided significant financial Chemical Plant in the former Soviet CW program and assistance for dismantling former CW facilities in Rus- its current status. The first part of the report describes sia and converting former CW production facilities for the history of the Pavlodar plant and its military and 2 commercial use. Although a fair amount has been writ- civilian infrastructures. The second part deals with the ten about Russian CW facilities, little is known about CW capability of the plant and the nature of the chemi- the CW programs in other former Soviet republics. -
Upper Cretaceous Deposits in the Northwest of Saratov Region, Part 2: Problems of Chronostratigraphy and Regional Geological History A
ISSN 0869-5938, Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation, 2008, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 267–294. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2008. Original Russian Text © A.G. Olfer’ev, V.N. Beniamovski, V.S. Vishnevskaya, A.V. Ivanov, L.F. Kopaevich, M.N. Ovechkina, E.M. Pervushov, V.B. Sel’tser, E.M. Tesakova, V.M. Kharitonov, E.A. Shcherbinina, 2008, published in Stratigrafiya. Geologicheskaya Korrelyatsiya, 2008, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 47–74. Upper Cretaceous Deposits in the Northwest of Saratov Region, Part 2: Problems of Chronostratigraphy and Regional Geological History A. G. Olfer’eva, V. N. Beniamovskib, V. S. Vishnevskayab, A. V. Ivanovc, L. F. Kopaevichd, M. N. Ovechkinaa, E. M. Pervushovc, V. B. Sel’tserc, E. M. Tesakovad, V. M. Kharitonovc, and E. A. Shcherbininab a Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya ul. 123, Moscow, 117997 Russia b Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pyzhevskii per. 7, Moscow, 119017 Russia c Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya ul., 83, Saratov, 410012 Russia d Moscow State University, Vorob’evy Gory, Moscow, 119991 Russia Received November 7, 2006; in final form, March 21, 2007 Abstract—Problems of geochronological correlation are considered for the formations established in the study region with due account for data on the Mezino-Lapshinovka, Lokh and Teplovka sections studied earlier on the northwest of the Saratov region. New paleontological data are used to define more precisely stratigraphic ranges of some stratigraphic subdivisions, to consider correlation between standard and local zones established for different groups of fossils, and to suggest how the Upper Cretaceous regional scale of the East European platform can be improved. -
Converting Former Soviet Chemical Weapons Plants
Jonathan B. Tucker ince Russia possesses the world’s largest stockpile This essay lays out a brief history of the CWPF con- of chemical weapons (CW)—a declared total of version issue and the contending U.S. and Russian posi- S40,000 metric tons—Russian ratification and tions. It then suggests a compromise approach based on implementation of the 1993 Chemical Weapons Conven- industrial joint ventures that would enable Moscow to tion (CWC) will be critical to the success of the global convert its former CWPFs in an economic manner, while chemical disarmament and non- satisfying the concerns of proliferation regime. To date, the United States and other however, Moscow’s ratification VIEWPOINT: countries that conversion be has been delayed by political, irreversible and verifiable. economic, and environmental CONVERTING FORMER concerns associated with CW CW PRODUCTION destruction and the conversion SOVIET CHEMICAL ACTIVITIES of former Soviet chemical weapon production facilities WEAPONS PLANTS Before, during, and after (CWPFs) to legitimate com- World War II, the Soviet by Jonathan B. Tucker mercial activities.1 Union produced many tens of thousands of tons of chemi- Whereas American CWPFs cal weapons (both blister were all single-purpose military facilities that have lain and nerve agents) at multiple facilities, most of them in dormant for years, former Soviet CWPFs are integrated the Volga River basin.4 On April 10, 1987, President into large civilian chemical production complexes and Mikhail Gorbachev declared that the Soviet Union would share the same industrial infrastructure. For example, sev- henceforth cease all development and production of CW eral buildings that once produced nerve agents are em- agents. -
Green Cross Russia and the Destruction of Chemical Weapons
GREEN CROSS RUSSIA AND THE DESTRUCTION OF CHEMICAL WEAPONS Professor Sergei Baranovsky Executive Director, Green Cross Russia As Russia’s preparations to ratify the Chemical Weap- A Presidential Decree of 24 March 1995 requires that all ons Convention and to begin the destruction of its chemical chemical weapons destruction be conducted in the regions weapons enter their final stages, it becomes essential that where the weapons are presently stored, comprising 7 sites there be a credible independent source of information on the within the Russian Federation. The decree also created a problems of chemical weapons destruction. Green Cross high-level Interdepartmental Commission on Chemical Russia is attempting to develop such information and to Disarmament to oversee and expedite Russia’s chemical make it available for public education and for the design demilitarization activities. and evaluation of chemical weapons destruction measures As a first step, CHEMTRUST developed a computer- that protect public health and ensure ecological safety. ized data base containing geological, ecological, demo- Green Cross Russia is an affiliate of Green Cross Inter- graphic, medical and other information for analysis of national, an international organization with offices in 18 possible risks associated with the stockpile of 6400 tons of countries working to bring together decision-makers, inde- lewisite (an arsenic-containing blister agent) stored in bulk pendent experts and grassroots movements from all sectors containers at a site near the town of -
The Gmelin's Wagtail Motacilla Lutea: Breeding Range, Migratory
Rivista Italiana di Ornitologia - Research in Ornithology, 90 (2): 3-50, 2020 DOI: 10.4081/rio.2020.435 The Gmelin’s wagtail Motacilla lutea: breeding range, migratory movements and wintering range Flavio Ferlini1*, Elena Alexandrovna Artemyeva2 Abstract - The breeding range, the migratory movements, and the Riassunto - La cutrettola di Gmelin Motacilla lutea: areale ripro- wintering range of the yellow-headed wagtail, called Parus luteus from duttivo, movimenti migratori e areale di svernamento. Samuel Gottlieb Gmelin (now Motacilla flava lutea, or Motacilla lutea L’areale riproduttivo, i movimenti migratori e l’areale di sverna- for some authors), has always been described in very general terms. Some mento della cutrettola dalla testa gialla chiamata da Samuel Gottlieb authors pointed out that a modern and detailed map with the real distribu- Gmelin Parus luteus (ora Motacilla flava lutea, o Motacilla lutea tion of the lutea is lacking, especially for evaluating the overlap of breed- secondo alcuni Autori), in italiano nota come cutrettola del Caspio, ing ranges with other subspecies of Motacilla flava. The purpose of this sono sempre stati descritti in temini molto generali, tanto che alcuni study is to fill this gap in information by drawing up an updated map of the ornitologi hanno evidenziato la mancanza di mappe aggiornate con breeding range, as well as the wintering range and the migratory move- la reale distribuzione. Questo studio si pone l’obiettivo di colmare la ments followed by this wagtail. These same aspects are also considered lacuna analizzando questi aspetti in un periodo molto ampio (dal 1851 in perspective terms from 1851 to 2018 in order to assess any changes al 2018) ed evidenziando anche i cambiamenti che sono intercorsi nel that have occurred over time. -
Federal Register/Vol. 86, No. 71/Thursday, April 15, 2021/Notices
Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 71 / Thursday, April 15, 2021 / Notices 19939 U.S. Small Business Administration, ORGANIC CHEMISTRY AND Treasury, in consultation with the 409 3rd Street SW, Suite 6050, TECHNOLOGY, 33RD SCIENTIFIC Secretary of State, the Attorney General, Washington, DC 20416, (202) 205–6734. RESEARCH AND TESTING INSTITUTE, and other relevant agencies, to have SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Notice is the 27TH SCIENTIFIC CENTER, the provided, or attempted to provide, hereby given that as a result of the MAIN INTELLIGENCE DIRECTORATE, financial, material, technological or President’s major disaster declaration on ALEXANDER YEVGENIYEVICH other support for, or goods or services 04/08/2021, Private Non-Profit MISHKIN, and ANATOLIY in support of, any activity or transaction organizations that provide essential VLADIMIROVI CHEPIGA engaged, or described in clause (2) above or any services of a governmental nature may attempted to engage, in activities or person whose property and interests in file disaster loan applications at the transactions that have materially property are blocked pursuant to the address listed above or other locally contributed to, or pose a risk of Order; and (4) any person determined announced locations. materially contributing to, the by the Secretary of the Treasury, in The following areas have been proliferation of weapons of mass consultation with the Secretary of State, determined to be adversely affected by destruction or their means of delivery the Attorney General, and other relevant the disaster: (including missiles capable of delivering agencies, to be owned or controlled by, Primary Counties: Clallam, Columbia, such weapons), including any efforts to or acting or purporting to act for or on Grays Harbor, Island, Jefferson, manufacture, acquire, possess, develop, behalf of, directly or indirectly, any Klickitat, Lewis, Mason, Okanogan, transport, transfer or use such items, by person whose property and interests in Pacific, Pend Oreille, Skagit, Russia. -
The Restoration of Agriculture in the Famine Area of Russia
3^t CfarneU Intaeraitg Jlt^ara. N. 1- Cornell University Library S 469.R9R9 The restoration of agriculture in the fa 3 1924 000 873 384 The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/cletails/cu31924000873384 RU.^SIAN SOCIALIST FEDERAL- SOVIET REPUBLIC THE RESTORATION OF AGRICULTURE IN THE FAMINE AREA OF RUSSIA THE RESTORATION OF AGRICULTURE IN THE FAMINE AREA OF RUSSIA BEING THE INTERIM REPORT OF THE STATE ECONOMIC PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE COUNCIL FOR LABOUR AND DEFENCE OF THE RUSSIAN SOCIALIST FEDERAL SOVIET REPUBLIC TRANSLATED FROM THE RUSSIAN BY EDEN AND CEDAR PAUL PUBLISHED FOR THE INFORMATION DEPARTMENT OF THE RUSSIAN TRADE DELEGATION BY THE LABOUR PUBLISHING COMPANY, LTD. 6, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON 1922 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE Foreword. By S. P. Sereda, President of the Section for Rural Economy of the State Economic Planning Commission ....... 9 The Characteristics of the Soil in the Area suffering FROM Failure of the Crops in the Year 1921 By Professor V. N. Bushinsky 15 Introductory . 15 , Samara Province 16 Orenburg Province 17 Saratov Province 17 Uralsk Region 19 Turgai Region 20 Astrakhan Province 21 Stavropol Province 23 The Soils of the northern Provinces suffering from Failure of the Crops in 1921 23 Vyatka Province 23 Kazan Province 23 Simbirsk Province . 24 Ufa Province .... 24 The Agricultural Characteristics of the South East and the Extent of the Failure of the Crops By J. V. Blyaher 25 Introduction .... 25 General Characteristics 26 Characteristics of the two Sub-Areas 27 The Extent of Agricultural Activity and the Diminution of sown Areas ... -
Quarter 2, 2018
Information on transaction, closed by IDGC of Volga, PJSC with state-owned companied in the 2nd quarter of 2018 In the 2nd quarter of 2018 tIDGC of Volga, PJSC, has closed the following transactions with the state-owned companies: Item No Counterparty name Предмет договора Executive body 1 Federal Treasury Department of the Ministry of Finance of Rent the Russian Federation for the Saratov region Administration of the Alexander-Gaysky municipal district 2 FSBI HE "Saratov State National Research Institution Rendering of services named afted N.G.Tchernyshevsky" 3 FGAOU DPO "PEIPK" Rendering of services 4 FBU "ITC FAS" Rendering of services 5 FGAOU DPO ASMS Rendering of services 6 FSBI "Privolzhsky UGMS" Rendering of services 7 FSBI HE "Saratov State Technical University named after Rendering of services Yu.A.Gagarin 8 FSBI HE "REU named after G.V.Plekhanov” Rendering of services 9 Center of special communication and information of the Rendering of services Federal security service of the Russian Federation in the Saratov region Branch of IDGC of Volga, PJSC - Saratov Distribution Grids 1 Federal state institution "Federal road administration" Big Technological connection Volga " Federal road Agency" 2 Saratov Central research Institute NEISH of Rendering of services Rospotrebnadzor 3 FSBI HE "Saratov State Technical University named after Rendering of services Yu.A.Gagarin 4 FSBI HE "MSU named after N.P.Ogarev" Rendering of services 5 SUE Printing house №6 Rendering of services 6 State budgetary professional educational institution of -
BR IFIC N° 2627 Index/Indice
BR IFIC N° 2627 Index/Indice International Frequency Information Circular (Terrestrial Services) ITU - Radiocommunication Bureau Circular Internacional de Información sobre Frecuencias (Servicios Terrenales) UIT - Oficina de Radiocomunicaciones Circulaire Internationale d'Information sur les Fréquences (Services de Terre) UIT - Bureau des Radiocommunications Part 1 / Partie 1 / Parte 1 Date/Fecha 02.09.2008 Description of Columns Description des colonnes Descripción de columnas No. Sequential number Numéro séquenciel Número sequencial BR Id. BR identification number Numéro d'identification du BR Número de identificación de la BR Adm Notifying Administration Administration notificatrice Administración notificante 1A [MHz] Assigned frequency [MHz] Fréquence assignée [MHz] Frecuencia asignada [MHz] Name of the location of Nom de l'emplacement de Nombre del emplazamiento de 4A/5A transmitting / receiving station la station d'émission / réception estación transmisora / receptora 4B/5B Geographical area Zone géographique Zona geográfica 4C/5C Geographical coordinates Coordonnées géographiques Coordenadas geográficas 6A Class of station Classe de station Clase de estación Purpose of the notification: Objet de la notification: Propósito de la notificación: Intent ADD-addition MOD-modify ADD-ajouter MOD-modifier ADD-añadir MOD-modificar SUP-suppress W/D-withdraw SUP-supprimer W/D-retirer SUP-suprimir W/D-retirar No. BR Id Adm 1A [MHz] 4A/5A 4B/5B 4C/5C 6A Part Intent 1 108068419 ARG 6460.0000 CHAJARI ARG 57W57'22'' 30S44'53'' FX 1 ADD 2 108068420