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Los Platanillos Del Medio Caqueta

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Los Platanillos Del Medio Caqueta LOS PLATANILLOS DEL MEDIO CAQUETA LAS HELICONIAS Y EL PHENAKOSPERMUM WILD PLANTA/NS IN THE MIDDLE CAQUETA Heliconia and Phenakospermum Trabajo realizado bajo convenio con el Instituto de Ciencias Naturales de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia Xatli Martínez* Gloria Galeano** * Fundación Tropenbos Colombia ** Instituto de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Nacional de Colombia • COMITE EDITORIAL - EDITORIAL COMMITTEE PROGRAMA TROPENBOS Juan Guillermo Saldarriaga y Thomas van der Hammen (editores generales - general editors) Brian Boom, USA, New York Botanical Garden Antaine Cleef, Universidad de Amsterdam Abdón Cortés, Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano Camilo Domínguez, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Darío Fajardo, Corporación Araracuara Santiago Fonseca, Procadi louise O. Fresco, Universidad Wageningen Otto Huber, Venezuela Dimas Malagón, Instituto Geográfico Agustín Codazzi -IGAC Roelof A. A. O/deman, Universidad Wageningen Roberto Pineda, Universidad de los Andes Guillean Prance, Inglaterra, Kew Garden Peter Raven, USA, Missouri Botanical Garden Jan Sevink, Universidad de Amsterdam Carlos Valenzue/a, Institute for Aerospace Survey and Earth Sciences (ITC) Alfred Zinck, Institute for Aerospace Survey and Earth Sciences (ITC) Portada: Heliconia stricta Huber Fotografía de Gloria Galeano Diseño: Azucena Martínez A. Composición de textos y artes: Soporte Editorial Impresión: Editorial Presencia Primera Edición: 1994 © 1994 Copyright TROPENBOS COLOMBIA Todos los derechos son reservados, incluyendo las traducciones a otros idiomas. Ninguna parte de esta publicación puede ser reproducida en imprenta, fotocopia o microfichas, sin autorización escrita de los autores. Ali rights reserved, including those of translation into foreign languages. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, by print, photoprint, microfilm or any other means without written permission from the authors. Estudios en la Amazonia colombiana. ISBN 958-95378-7-1 Volumen VII: ISBN: 958-9365-9-8 Los Platanillos del Medio Caquetá: ISBN: 958-95378 Impreso y hecho en Colombia Printed and made in Colombia CONTENIDO PRESENT ACION .... .............................................................................. 9 AGRADECIMIENTOS.......................................................................... 11 INTRODUCCION .................................................................................. 13 METODO LOGIA................................................................................... 15 DESCRIPCION DEL AREA DE ESTUDIO........................................ 16 DISTRIBUCION DE LOS PLATANILLOS EN LA REGION DE ARARACUARA. ................................................................................... 18 LAS HELICONIAS................................................................................ 19 Tratamiento sistemátco ................................................................ 19 Hábitos de crecimiento ................................................................ 26 Relaciones filogenéticas (Heliconiaceae-Strelitziaceae) ........... 27 Como diferenciar una Heliconia del Phenakospermum ............ 27 HELICONIAS CON INFLORESCENCIAS ERECTAS ..................... 29 l. Heliconia acuminata L. C. Rich. .......................................... 30 2. Heliconia velutina Andersson ............................................... 32 3. Heliconia hirsuta L. f. ........................................................... 35 4. Heliconia schumanniana Loesener ....................................... 38 5. Heliconia stricta Huber ........................................... ..... ... ...... 40 6. Heliconia spathocircinata Aristeguieta ................................ 42 7. Heliconia tenebrosa Macbride .............................................. 44 HELICONIAS CON INFLORESCENCIAS PENDULAS ........... ....... 47 8. Heliconiajuruana Loesener ...................................... ........... 48 9. Heliconia marginata (Griggs) Pittier.................................... 50 10. Heliconia standleyi Macbride ............................................... 52 11. Heliconia chartacea Lane ex Barreiros ................................ 54 12. Phenakospermum guyannense (L. C. Richar), Endler ex Miq. 56 5 RESUMEN.............................................................................................. 59 MATERIAL EXAMINADO.................................................................. 63 BIBLIOGRAFIA .................................................................................... 65 INDICE DE FIGURAS Y LAMINAS .................................................. 69 6 CONTENTS PRESENTATION.................................................................................... 9 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ........................... ................................ ........... 11 INTRODUCTION ........... ................ ............ ................... ......................... 13 METHODOLOGY ......................................... ................................. .. ...... 15 DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY ZONE ............. ....... .... .......... ......... 16 DISTRIBUTION OF WILD PLANTAINS IN THE ARARACUARA REGION ....................................................................................... ............ 18 HELICONIAS . .... ............ ......... .............. ............................................. ... 19 Systematic treatment ...... ... ............................................... ... .. ...... 19 Growth habits ............. .... .. .. ....................... .. ................... ............ 26 Phylogenetic relationships (Heliconiaceae -Strelitziaceae) ..... 27 How to differentiate a Heliconia from Phenakospermum .... ... 27 HELICONIAS WITH SPIKE INFLORESCENCES .. ...... ..... ............... 29 l. Heliconia acuminata L.C. Rich. ................................................ 30 2. Heliconia velutina Andersson ......................... ...................... .... 32 3. Heliconia hirsuta L. F............................................................... 35 4. Heliconia schumanniana Loesener ...... ...... ............................... 38 5. Heliconia stricta Huber ............... ............. ....................... .......... 40 6. Heliconia spathocircinata Aristeguieta ...................... .............. 42 7. Heliconia tenebrosa Macbride ..... ............................................. 44 HELICONIAS WITH PENDULOUS INFLORESCENCES .............. 47 8. Heliconiajuruana Loesener ............ ........................................... 48 9. Heliconia marginara (Griggs) Pittier ..... .................. ................. 50 10. Heliconia standleyi Macbride..................................................... 52 11. Heliconia chartacea Lane ex Barreiros .... ......... ........ ............... 54 12. Phenakospermum guyannense (L.C. Richard), Endler ex Miq. 56 7 SUMMARY ............................................................................................. 61 MATERIAL EXAMINED ......................................................... ............. 63 BIBLIOGRAPHY .............. ...................................... ............. ................... 65 INDEX OF FIGURES AND PLATES ...................................... ............. 69 8 PRESENTACION PRESENTATION El Programa Tropenbos Colombia se siente Tropenbos Colombia is proud to o/fer orgulloso de presentar a la comunidad cien­ this handsome/y illustrated catalogue of tífica de Colombia y a todas aquellas per­ wild plantains in Midd/e Caquetá to the sonas interesadas en plantas ornamentales scientific community and ali who are amazónicas, este bello catálogo ilustrado intereste.d in Amazon ornamental plants. sobre "Los Platanillos del Medio Caquetá". Wild p/antains in Middle Caquetá En la región del Medio Caquetá los are represented by e leven Heliconia platanillos están representados por los gé­ species and one Phenakospermum specie. neros Heliconia con 11 especies y Phena­ One of these, Heliconia tenebrosa, is a kospermum con 1 especie. Una de la espe­ new entry for Colombia. These ornamen­ cies, Heliconia tenebrosa, es un registro ta Is are found in each of the region' s nuevo para Colombia. Los platanillos se physiographic /andscapes, but particu; encuentran en los diferentes paisajes fisio­ /arly on clayey and sandy soils of the gráficos .de la región pero especialmente Caquetá River flood plain. Although sobre suelos arcillosos y arenosos en el severa/ species grow on Tertiary sedi­ plano aluvial del río Caquetá, aunque algu­ mentary plain soils that are abundant in nas especies crecen también en suelos con organic matter. This workis a contribution abundante materia orgánica en el plano from the lnstitute of Natural Resources at sedimentario terciario. the Nationa/ University of Colombia. La información sobre cada especie Readers will find an illustration contempla su distribución, ecología, usos, of each specie and information on its nombres y referencias de consulta. distribution, eco/ogy, use, names and Cabe destacar las ilustraciones en bibliographic references. acuarela elaboradas por una de las autoras, lncluded are severa[ watercolors Xatli Martínez, quien con ellas le da un by one of the authors, Xatli · Martinez, toque personal que realza la belleza de este whose art adds a personal touch to the hermoso grupo de plantas ornamentales. beauty of this ornamental group. Los editores The editors 9 AGRADECIMIENTOS Agradecemos muy especialmente a la Fundación Tropenbos y en su nombre al director para Colombia, doctor Juan Guillermo Saldarriaga, quien hizo posible
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