Nonhuman Primates Date of Publication: April 2019
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Canadian Council on Animal Care Conseil canadien de protection des animaux CCAC guidelines: Nonhuman primates Date of Publication: April 2019 © Canadian Council on Animal Care, 2019 ISBN: 978-0-919087-75-0 Canadian Council on Animal Care 190 O’Connor St., Suite 800 Ottawa, Ontario, K2P 2R3 http://www.ccac.ca ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Canadian Council on Animal Care (CCAC) Board of Directors is grateful for the expertise contributed by the members of the CCAC Nonhuman Primates Subcommittee and for their engagement throughout the guidelines development process. In addition, the Board is grateful to Mr. Shawn Eccles who contributed to the final stages of the development of this guidelines document, and to all those who provided critical input during the two review periods. We would also like to acknowledge the contributions of both the CCAC Standards Committee and the CCAC Assessment and Certification Committee members, who provided important guidance to the subcommittee. Finally, we would like to thank the CCAC Secretariat project team for its excellent work throughout this process. The CCAC also acknowledges its funders, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the Natural Sci- ence and Engineering Research Council of Canada. The CCAC could not continue to deliver on its current mandate without their generous support. Dr. Eileen Denovan-Wright Mr. Pierre Verreault Chair, CCAC Board of Directors CCAC Executive Director CCAC NONHUMAN PRIMATES SUBCOMMITTEE Dr. Martin Paré, Queen’s University (Chair) Dr. Stefan Everling, University of Western Ontario Dr. Stéphane Goulet, Primus Bio-Resources Inc. Dr. Jim Gourdon, McGill University Dr. Julio Martinez-Trujillo, University of Western Ontario Dr. Andrew Winterborn, Queen’s University EXTERNAL REVIEWERS The document incorporates comments received during two review periods. Nineteen reviewers from eleven different academic, government, and private sector organizations across Canada and five international re- viewers participated in the first review, and nineteen reviewers from twelve different institutions across Canada and three internationals reviewers participated in the second review. Three individuals participated in both reviews. CCAC STANDARDS COMMITTEE Dr. Philip Byrne, Fisheries and Oceans Canada (Chair) Dr. Stan Boutin, University of Alberta Ms. Barbara Cartwright, Humane CanadaTM Dr. Eileen Denovan-Wright, Dalhousie University Dr. Nicolas Devillers, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Mr. Dan Fryer, Rural Animal Management Services Mr. Darren Grandel, Ontario Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Ms. Lesley Howes, Environment and Climate Change Canada Dr. Christopher Kennedy, University of Ottawa Dr. Lyne Létourneau, Université Laval Dr. Scott MacDougall-Shackleton, University of Western Ontario Dr. Joanna Makowska, University of British Columbia Dr. Gordon Mitchell, Canadian Food Inspection Agency Dr. Elisabeth Ormandy, University of British Columbia Dr. Toolika Rastogi, Humane CanadaTM Dr. Albrecht Schulte-Hostedde, Laurentian University Dr. Keith Sharkey, University of Calgary Dr. James Sherry, Environment and Climate Change Canada Dr. Patricia Turner, University of Guelph Dr. Andrew Winterborn, Queen’s University CCAC ASSESSMENT AND CERTIFICATION COMMITTEE Dr. Martha Navarro, Health Canada (Chair) Dr. Mejid Ayroud, University of Calgary Dr. Craig Bihun, National Research Council of Canada Dr. Catherine Breault, Charles River Laboratories Preclinical Services Sherbrooke Inc. Mr. Shawn Eccles, British Columbia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Ms. Karen Gourlay, McMaster University Mr. Darren Grandel, Ontario Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Ms. Simmone Kerswell, University of Alberta Dr. Jean Lavallée, Aquatic Science & Health Services Dr. Pierre Moffatt, Shriners Hospitals for Children Dr. Tom Moon, University of Ottawa Dr. Doug Morck, University of Calgary Mrs. Jennifer Smith-Beaudoin, Lennoxville & District Women’s Centre Dr. Jonathan Spears, University of Prince Edward Island Dr. René St-Arnaud, Shriners Hospitals for Children Dr. Mark Torchia, University of Manitoba CCAC SECRETARIAT PROJECT TEAM Standards Team Ms. Julie Dale, Standards Development Director (Project Lead) Ms. Wendy Clarence, Research Analyst Ms. Jumoke Fasoyinu, Standards Coordinator and Copy Editor Dr. Gilly Griffin, Director of Standards Additional Assistance Ms. Felicetta Celenza, Project Manager and Events Coordinator Dr. Sylvie Cloutier, Associate Director of Assessment Ms. Sandra MacInnis, Director of Public Affairs and Communications Ms. Charlotte Tellier, Scientific Translator Ms. Emily Verlinden, Graphic Design and Editing Coordinator Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE.........................................................................................................................1 SUMMARY OF THE GUIDELINES LISTED IN THIS DOCUMENT .................................2 1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................7 1.1 Taxonomy and Phylogeny .......................................................................................................... 8 1.2 Senses ............................................................................................................................................ 9 Vision..............................................................................................................................................9 Olfaction ....................................................................................................................................... 9 Gustation ...................................................................................................................................... 9 Audition ...................................................................................................................................... 10 Somatosensation ........................................................................................................................ 10 1.3 Behaviours Important to Nonhuman Primate Welfare ........................................................ 10 1.4 Sources of Variation ................................................................................................................. 11 2. FACILITIES ..............................................................................................................12 2.1 Animal Rooms and Procedure Rooms ................................................................................... 12 2.2 Primary Enclosure ..................................................................................................................... 12 2.2.1 Spatial Requirements ................................................................................................... 12 2.2.2 Cage Design .................................................................................................................. 13 2.3 Outdoor Facilities ...................................................................................................................... 14 3. FACILITY MANAGEMENT ......................................................................................15 3.1 Light............................................................................................................................................. 15 3.2 Temperature and Relative Humidity of Indoor Facilities ..................................................... 15 3.3 Sound and Vibration ................................................................................................................. 16 4. PROCUREMENT .....................................................................................................17 4.1 Source .......................................................................................................................................... 17 4.2 Regulations ................................................................................................................................. 18 4.3 Pre-Shipment Procedures ......................................................................................................... 19 4.4 Transportation ........................................................................................................................... 20 4.5 Receiving Animals ..................................................................................................................... 21 4.5.1 Examinations ................................................................................................................ 22 CCAC guidelines: Nonhuman primates i Table of Contents 4.6 Quarantine and Acclimation After Receipt of Animals ....................................................... 22 4.6.1 Facilities and Equipment ............................................................................................ 23 4.6.2 Husbandry Practices During Quarantine ................................................................. 23 4.6.3 Health Surveillance and Testing ................................................................................ 24 5. BREEDING ..............................................................................................................25 6. HUSBANDRY ..........................................................................................................27 6.1 Identification .............................................................................................................................. 27 6.2 Housing Management