Words Full of Deed Prophets and Prophecy in German Literature

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Words Full of Deed Prophets and Prophecy in German Literature Words Full of Deed Prophets and Prophecy in German Literature around 1800 Patrick J. Walsh Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2017 © 2017 Patrick J. Walsh All rights reserved Abstract Words Full of Deed: Prophets and Prophecy in German Literature around 1800 Patrick J. Walsh In this dissertation, I consider the role of prophets and prophecy in German drama and dramatic discourse of the Romantic period. Against the backdrop of the upheaval wrought by the Enlightenment, the French Revolution, and the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, such discourse exhibits a conspicuous fascination with political and social crisis in general as well as a preoccupation with imagining how the crises of the present could provide an opportunity for national or civilizational renewal. One prominent manifestation of this focus is a pronounced interest in charismatic leaders of the legendary or historical past—among them prophets like Moses, Muhammad and Joan of Arc—who succeeded in uniting their respective societies around a novel vision of collective destiny. In order to better understand the appeal of such figures during this period, I examine works of drama and prose fiction that feature prophets as their protagonists and that center on scenarios of political or religious founding. Reading texts by major authors like Johann Wolfgang Goethe, Friedrich Schiller and Achim von Arnim alongside those by the lesser- known writers such as Karoline von Günderrode, August Klingemann and Joseph von Hammer, I analyze the various ways these scenarios are staged and situate them within their specific political, intellectual and literary contexts. In so doing, I show that the figure of the prophet—a figure whose authority is based not on their own wisdom, talent, or cunning, but rather on their claim to speak for a higher, superhuman power—offers authors a paradigm of political and cultural innovation that radically displaces the agency of the rational subject in favor of non-rational factors like language, performance, history, myth and the emotions. Moreover, I argue that this figure reveals an important connection between the history of drama in this period and an emergent, post- Enlightenment political discourse concerned with the origin and nature of sovereignty. Table of Contents Preface: Between Word and Deed…………………………………………………………...…vii Chapter One: The Prophetic Founder as Political and Cultural Origin………………………1 1. Two Models of Prophetic Self-Fashioning: Goethe’s Mahomet and Günderrode’s Mahomed, der Prophet von Mekka……………………………………………………….……………………3 2. The Prophet in History and Culture: Joseph von Hammer’s Die Eroberung von Mekka.............16 3. Prophesying against Empire: Klingemann’s Moses....................................................................27 Chapter Two: Prophecy, Heroism and Nationalism in Friedrich Schiller’s Die Jungfrau von Orleans..........................................................................................................................................39 1. The Power of Symbols…………………………………………………………………………46 2. Speech, Action and Sovereignty………………………………………………………………58 3. The Leadership of the Good Shepherd………………………………………………………....68 4. A Crisis of Prophetic Calling………………………………………………………………….78 5. Johanna’s Task and Schiller’s Task……………………………………………………………93 Chapter Three: Prophecy, Sociability and Authenticity in Achim von Arnim’s “Melück Maria Blainville”……………………………………………………………………………....105 1. Resolution and Catastrophe…………………………………………………………………..109 2. Enlightenment Sociability between Decorum and Sensibility…………………………...…...114 3. The False Prophecy of Revolution…………………………………………………………....124 i 4. A Prophetic Anecdote……………………………………………………………………...…132 Coda: The Future of Romantic Prophecy……………………………………...……………..144 Bibliography………………………………………………………………………………..….152 ii Acknowledgments The writing of this dissertation has been a (surprisingly) long and (unsurprisingly) arduous journey, and there are many who I wish to thank for aiding me along the way. I owe a stupendous debt of gratitude to my advisor, Dorothea von Mücke, for her exceptional generosity in offering advice and for keeping me going even when I thought I had reached a dead end. My two readers, Stefan Andriopoulos and Oliver Simons, deserve many thanks for providing guidance at various stages of the writing process and for commenting on drafts. I also want to thank my two external reviewers, Joel B. Lande and Wayne Proudfoot, for their perceptive feedback during the defense. I consider myself extremely fortunate to have been part of the wonderful community that is the Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures at Columbia University. The faculty, staff and especially my fellow graduate students were a constant source of encouragement and support. This dissertation benefited greatly from my involvement in the Department’s graduate student colloquium, whose participants read a portion of the chapter on Schiller’s Jungfrau von Orleans and provided me with a useful discussion. I am particularly grateful to the other members of the “Goldene Generation,” a.ka. the “A-Team” of Alex, Arthur and Alexis, who were always up for a Bierchen or to offer a sympathetic ear. I cherish the many conversations I had with my two office mates, Yvonne and Johanna, and am thankful for the help they, along with Julia, gave me in proofreading my German on various occasions. Richard Korb and Jutta Schmiers-Heller—respectively, the former and current Directors of the German Language Program—were excellent mentors and role models for me as I started out as a teacher. Peggy Quisenberry always made me feel at home in the departmental office. The iii intrepid Bill Dellinger was a resourceful and always approachable guide through the bureaucracy of the University administration. My thinking about the topic of prophets and prophecy in literature underwent a profound evolution in the course of a stimulating year I spent researching and writing in Berlin with the financial assistance of a stipend awarded to me by the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD). During this time, I profited immensely from the resources made available to me by the Humboldt University and the State Library of Berlin. I am grateful as well to my host, Andrea Polaschegg, for her support of my stipend application, for her advice me during my stay, and for the invitation to present my research to her Ph.D. colloquium, whose insightful comments gave me much to think about. I would never have been able to finish the dissertation had I not also received a generous teaching fellowship from the Department of Language and Culture Studies at Trinity College in Hartford, Connecticut. For this, I thank both the Chair of the Department, Daario Del Puppo, and the head of the German Section, Johannes Evelein. Thanks are also owed to my other two colleagues in the German Section, Jason Doerre and Julia Goesser Assaiante, for their friendship and assistance during this time, and to Wendi Delaney for helping me get situated at Trinity and for always knowing whom to call when problems arose. This dissertation—and, indeed, my very life as a scholar—would have been unthinkable without my family and several close friends. I especially want to thank: - Uncle Ed and Aunt Joanne, who never let me forget that they were thinking about me and praying for my success; - Aunt Marilyn, who provided me with invaluable assistance in helping me move to Hartford and who invited me to many fun and delicious cookouts in her backyard; iv - Davin, who was my partner in a pact of mutually assured distraction that kept me sane over the years; and - Caitlin and Martin, who checked in on me during my year in Berlin and who are always a welcome presence at family gatherings. Most of all, I want to thank my parents, Marshall and Deborah. It was an extraordinary privilege for me to grow up in a home filled with books, and to be encouraged constantly to read, think and dream. They have never stopped believing—and letting me know—that I can be whatever I want to be. Their emotional and financial support helped me get through what would have otherwise been a very difficult year. They have consistently been a source of strength and calm for me. This dissertation is dedicated to them. Hartford, June 2017 Patrick J. Walsh v To my parents vi Preface: Between Word and Deed In a stand-alone chapter of the monumental Von Geist der Ebräischen Poesie (1783) titled “Beruf und Amt der Propheten,” Johann Gottfried Herder reflects on the distinctive characteristics of prophecy as it is depicted in the Old Testament of the Bible. For Herder, prophecy is a “Word full of deed” (tatvolle[s] Wort), a kind utterance unique for the way it cannot be conceived apart from the intention that animates it and the singular figure who utters it.1 This figure, the prophet of ancient Israel, emerges from Herder’s imagining as a visionary who is haunted by the catastrophe unfolding before his eyes and who consequently feel compelled to speak out in the most insistent way possible: [Die Propheten] sahen die Sachen, die sie verkündigten, schon werdend; und so werden sie als Seher, ja als Schöpfer des Guten und des Unglücks betrachtet. Sie schlagen das Land mit dem Stabe ihres Mundes und ihr mächtiges Wort befreiets wieder. Gott legt auf ihre Lippen die Botschaft und haucht sie mit göttlichem Feuer an. Voll unwiderstehlichen Triebes reden sie also, oft wider ihren
Recommended publications
  • 2014 Festival Catalog
    welcome For many years, we have worked together to build places for exploring the erotic, for meeting Eros, within ourselves and others. And we have seen the transformation that happens when people are allowed (encouraged) to encounter and Reveal true, authentic selves. We have built places that not only tolerate who we really are, but go further and accept who we are. And go further even, and celebrate our true essence. How can we know, really know, who we are if we keep so much hidden? How can we move freely, heartily through life while carrying the burdens of “unspeakable” secrets? We cannot fully love and profoundly affect our world, until we have met our real selves. And so, we offer Reveal as a promise and an invitation. Let us show you who we are, and perhaps you will reveal yourselves to us, too. We would be honored. Through art, let us reveal to you some possibilities. Let our artists lay a welcome mat; come explore–the light & dark, the soft & hard, the profane & profound. Stare, gawk, study, giggle. Stay as long as you dare, dare yourself to stay longer–past comfort, and back again. We bring you Seattle Erotic Art Festival to use as your bridge to authentic selves. Reveal. Because Eros’s love is in you, and we want you to know it. Through art, let us meet each other, and ourselves. With love and honor, Sophia Iannicelli and Leila Anasazi Seattle Erotic Art Festival 2014 ii juried exhibition juried exhibition The Festival is known worldwide for its comprehensive collection of international fine art celebrating the diversity of human sexual expression.
    [Show full text]
  • Novalis's Magical Idealism
    Symphilosophie International Journal of Philosophical Romanticism Novalis’s Magical Idealism A Threefold Philosophy of the Imagination, Love and Medicine Laure Cahen-Maurel* ABSTRACT This article argues that Novalis’s philosophy of magical idealism essentially consists of three central elements: a theory of the creative or productive imagination, a conception of love, and a doctrine of transcendental medicine. In this regard, it synthesizes two adjacent, but divergent contemporary philosophical sources – J. G. Fichte’s idealism and Friedrich Schiller’s classicism – into a new and original philosophy. It demonstrates that Novalis’s views on both magic and idealism, not only prove to be perfectly rational and comprehensible, but even more philosophically coherent and innovative than have been recognised up to now. Keywords: magical idealism, productive imagination, love, medicine, Novalis, J. G. Fichte, Schiller RÉSUMÉ Cet article défend l’idée selon laquelle trois éléments centraux composent ce que Novalis nomme « idéalisme magique » pour désigner sa philosophie propre : la conception d’une imagination créatrice ou productrice, une doctrine de l’amour et une théorie de la médecine transcendantale. L’idéalisme magique est en cela la synthèse en une philosophie nouvelle et originale de deux sources philosophiques contemporaines, à la fois adjacentes et divergentes : l’idéalisme de J. G. Fichte et le classicisme de Friedrich Schiller. L’article montre que les vues de Novalis tant sur la magie que sur l’idéalisme sont non seulement réellement rationnelles et compréhensibles, mais philosophiquement plus cohérentes et novatrices qu’on ne l’a admis jusqu’à présent. Mots-clés : idéalisme magique, imagination productrice, amour, médecine, Novalis, J. G.
    [Show full text]
  • Friedrich Schiller - Poems
    Classic Poetry Series Friedrich Schiller - poems - Publication Date: 2012 Publisher: Poemhunter.com - The World's Poetry Archive Friedrich Schiller(10 November 1759 – 9 May 1805) Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller was a German poet, philosopher, historian, and playwright. During the last seventeen years of his life, Schiller struck up a productive, if complicated, friendship with already famous and influential <a href="http://www.poemhunter.com/johann-wolfgang-von- goethe/">Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe</a>. They frequently discussed issues concerning aesthetics, and Schiller encouraged Goethe to finish works he left as sketches. This relationship and these discussions led to a period now referred to as Weimar Classicism. They also worked together on Xenien, a collection of short satirical poems in which both Schiller and Goethe challenge opponents to their philosophical vision. <b>Life</b> Friedrich Schiller was born on 10 November 1759, in Marbach, Württemberg as the only son of military doctor Johann Kaspar Schiller (1733–96), and Elisabeth Dorothea Kodweiß (1732–1802). They also had five daughters. His father was away in the Seven Years' War when Friedrich was born. He was named after king Frederick the Great, but he was called Fritz by nearly everyone. Kaspar Schiller was rarely home during the war, but he did manage to visit the family once in a while. His wife and children also visited him occasionally wherever he happened to be stationed. When the war ended in 1763, Schiller's father became a recruiting officer and was stationed in Schwäbisch Gmünd. The family moved with him. Due to the high cost of living—especially the rent—the family moved to nearby Lorch.
    [Show full text]
  • Chaucer and Bawdy
    Chaucer and Bawdy G. R. Simes RANCE. Had you committed the act you wouldn't now be facing the charge. PRENTICE. I couldn't commit the act. I'm a heterosexual. RANCE. I wish you wouldn't use these Chaucerian words. It's most confusing. Joe Onon, What the Butler Saw (1969), p. 55. The reputation of a medieval poet is such that a successful dramatist of the 1960s could rely on the mere mention of his name to convey to the audience of the play the ideas of naughtiness and bawdy. Presumably the expansion of senior-secondary and tertiary education after World War II, the gradual relaxation of sexual mores, and the ready availability of a lively translation of the Canterbury Tales had all been factors_ that contributed to a popular dissemination of Chaucer's reputation for bawdiness. If that is so, it occurred in the absence of scholarly activity and interest in the topic. It is true that Chaucer shares with Shakespeare the singular honour of having a book devoted to his bawdy; yet that book was published as recently as 1972 and, modelling itself on Partridge's pioneering work on Shakespeare, takes the form of discursive glosses, apart from a brief, conceptually uncritical introduction. I In general, before the later 1960s, while many medievalists privately took pleasure in Chaucer's treatment of sexual and excretory matters, they did not write upon this aspect of his work with the same unembarrassed candour that the poet himself had shown. Among general readers this aspect of Chaucer, and to an extent Chaucer's very name, was very often an occasion for sniggering.
    [Show full text]
  • SCHILLER, NOVALIS, and the CONCEPT of AUFHEBUNG Hammam Aldouri
    Cosmos and History: The Journal of Natural and Social Philosophy, vol. 15, no. 1, 2019 BEFORE HEGEL: SCHILLER, NOVALIS, AND THE CONCEPT OF AUFHEBUNG Hammam Aldouri ABSTRACT: Philosophical explorations of the concept of Aufhebung (sublation, supersession) immediately prior to its formulation in Hegel’s work have remained relatively absent within the context of both Hegel scholarship and German Idealism studies. Hegel is often simply represented as the originator of the concept and the latter is understood almost exclusively within his oeuvre. This essay addresses this lack by offering an exposition of the notion as it unfolds in two works from 1795-1796: Friedrich Schiller’s Letters on the Aesthetic Education of Man and Novalis’ Fichte Studies. In these works, we find distinctive examinations of Aufhebung understood as the name of a process in which a subject comprehends itself in relation to its own processual development. My guiding premise is that without an adequate comprehension of the way in which Aufhebung is constructed and comprehended in the last years of the eighteenth century, we cannot establish the vantage point from which to reconstruct Hegel’s early conception of the notion, a conception which begins to emerge in his earliest Frankfurt writings in 1797, as a contribution to the constellation of post-Kantian conceptions. Keywords: Aufhebung, Schiller, Novalis, Aesthetic Education, Fichte Studies INTRODUCTION The concept of Aufhebung (sublation, supersession) is, without question, one of the most contested and discussed concepts of Hegel’s philosophical enterprise th th 1 and its critical reception in the 19 and 20 centuries. One distinctive 1 So much so, in fact, that it has led philosopher’s such as Jean-Luc Nancy to state that there is “no great study of Hegel that is not a study on the Aufhebung.” Nancy 2001, 158n7.
    [Show full text]
  • Schiller and Music COLLEGE of ARTS and SCIENCES Imunci Germanic and Slavic Languages and Literatures
    Schiller and Music COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES ImUNCI Germanic and Slavic Languages and Literatures From 1949 to 2004, UNC Press and the UNC Department of Germanic & Slavic Languages and Literatures published the UNC Studies in the Germanic Languages and Literatures series. Monographs, anthologies, and critical editions in the series covered an array of topics including medieval and modern literature, theater, linguistics, philology, onomastics, and the history of ideas. Through the generous support of the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, books in the series have been reissued in new paperback and open access digital editions. For a complete list of books visit www.uncpress.org. Schiller and Music r.m. longyear UNC Studies in the Germanic Languages and Literatures Number 54 Copyright © 1966 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons cc by-nc-nd license. To view a copy of the license, visit http://creativecommons. org/licenses. Suggested citation: Longyear, R. M. Schiller and Music. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1966. doi: https://doi.org/ 10.5149/9781469657820_Longyear Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Longyear, R. M. Title: Schiller and music / by R. M. Longyear. Other titles: University of North Carolina Studies in the Germanic Languages and Literatures ; no. 54. Description: Chapel Hill : University of North Carolina Press, [1966] Series: University of North Carolina Studies in the Germanic Languages and Literatures. | Includes bibliographical references. Identifiers: lccn 66064498 | isbn 978-1-4696-5781-3 (pbk: alk. paper) | isbn 978-1-4696-5782-0 (ebook) Subjects: Schiller, Friedrich, 1759-1805 — Criticism and interpretation.
    [Show full text]
  • Krzysztof Penderecki's Eighth Symphony
    Interdisciplinary Studies in Musicology 8,2009 © Department o f Musicology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland REGINA CHLOPICKA (Krakow) Krzysztof Penderecki’s Eighth Symphony, ‘Lieder der Vergänglichkeit’ - from inspiration by nature to existential reflection The beauty of nature, which reflects the spirit o f its Creator, lies beyond the reach of human endeavour (Saint Augustine)1 That this your art as far as possible Follows, as the disciple doth the master; So that ypor art is, as it were, God’s grandchild. (Aristotle according to Dante)2 ABSTRACT: In the Penderecki oeuvre, symphonic music has been pivotal, with eight symphonies written over the span of forty years, including Symphony No. 6, which remains in the sketch stage. As he admits, the sequence of symphonies constitutes a sort of musical autobiography. In the life and work of Penderecki his interests in nature and culture have long run parallel, and in both spheres the moment of creation has been particularly signifi­ cant. Penderecki’s artistic work has clearly focused on two domains: composing music and moulding the nature which surrounds his Luslawice house - the space of the gar­ den and park. The latter type of art concerns nature not in its primeval form, but rather in the shape imposed on it by man. Over the last decade, the composer’s two passions have tended to drift closer to­ gether and intertwine. During this time, he has written his Eighth Symphony (‘Lieder der Vergänglichkeit’), devoted to trees, and Three Chinese Songs, permeated by his enchantment with the beauty of nature. In his Eighth Symphony, Penderecki employs poetic and musical images to show the beauty and diversity of the forms of the surrounding world of nature, in which it is given to man to live the successive phases of his life.
    [Show full text]
  • Pseudogenes Macaques
    Genetic Makeup of the DR Region in Rhesus Macaques: Gene Content, Transcripts, and Pseudogenes This information is current as Nanine de Groot, Gaby G. Doxiadis, Natasja G. de Groot, of September 25, 2021. Nel Otting, Corrine Heijmans, Annemiek J. M. Rouweler and Ronald E. Bontrop J Immunol 2004; 172:6152-6157; ; doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.172.10.6152 http://www.jimmunol.org/content/172/10/6152 Downloaded from References This article cites 45 articles, 15 of which you can access for free at: http://www.jimmunol.org/content/172/10/6152.full#ref-list-1 http://www.jimmunol.org/ Why The JI? Submit online. • Rapid Reviews! 30 days* from submission to initial decision • No Triage! Every submission reviewed by practicing scientists • Fast Publication! 4 weeks from acceptance to publication by guest on September 25, 2021 *average Subscription Information about subscribing to The Journal of Immunology is online at: http://jimmunol.org/subscription Permissions Submit copyright permission requests at: http://www.aai.org/About/Publications/JI/copyright.html Email Alerts Receive free email-alerts when new articles cite this article. Sign up at: http://jimmunol.org/alerts The Journal of Immunology is published twice each month by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc., 1451 Rockville Pike, Suite 650, Rockville, MD 20852 Copyright © 2004 by The American Association of Immunologists All rights reserved. Print ISSN: 0022-1767 Online ISSN: 1550-6606. The Journal of Immunology Genetic Makeup of the DR Region in Rhesus Macaques: Gene Content, Transcripts, and Pseudogenes1 Nanine de Groot,2 Gaby G. Doxiadis, Natasja G. de Groot, Nel Otting, Corrine Heijmans, Annemiek J.
    [Show full text]
  • GERMAN LITERARY FAIRY TALES, 1795-1848 by CLAUDIA MAREIKE
    ROMANTICISM, ORIENTALISM, AND NATIONAL IDENTITY: GERMAN LITERARY FAIRY TALES, 1795-1848 By CLAUDIA MAREIKE KATRIN SCHWABE A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2012 1 © 2012 Claudia Mareike Katrin Schwabe 2 To my beloved parents Dr. Roman and Cornelia Schwabe 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First and foremost, I would like to thank my supervisory committee chair, Dr. Barbara Mennel, who supported this project with great encouragement, enthusiasm, guidance, solidarity, and outstanding academic scholarship. I am particularly grateful for her dedication and tireless efforts in editing my chapters during the various phases of this dissertation. I could not have asked for a better, more genuine mentor. I also want to express my gratitude to the other committee members, Dr. Will Hasty, Dr. Franz Futterknecht, and Dr. John Cech, for their thoughtful comments and suggestions, invaluable feedback, and for offering me new perspectives. Furthermore, I would like to acknowledge the abundant support and inspiration of my friends and colleagues Anna Rutz, Tim Fangmeyer, and Dr. Keith Bullivant. My heartfelt gratitude goes to my family, particularly my parents, Dr. Roman and Cornelia Schwabe, as well as to my brother Marius and his wife Marina Schwabe. Many thanks also to my dear friends for all their love and their emotional support throughout the years: Silke Noll, Alice Mantey, Lea Hüllen, and Tina Dolge. In addition, Paul and Deborah Watford deserve special mentioning who so graciously and welcomingly invited me into their home and family. Final thanks go to Stephen Geist and his parents who believed in me from the very start.
    [Show full text]
  • Schiller-Porträts
    Das Goethezeitportal: »Schiller-Motive auf Postkarten«: Schiller-Porträts CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Hochschulschriftenserver - Universität Frankfurt am Main Home Kommunikation Infocenter Wissen Bibliothek Projekt-Infos Diskussionsforen Veranstaltungshinweise Künstlerenzyklopädie Glanzpunkte Verein Newsletter Goethegesellschaft TimeLine Forschungsbeiträge Hinter den Kulissen Goethemuseen Projektepool Neuerscheinungen Suche Adressenpool Porträts & Illustrationen Rezensionen Sitemap Weblinks Goethes Italienreise Primärwerke Impressum Sie befinden sich hier: Startseite > Wissensdatenbank > Porträts und Illustrationen literarischer Werke > Friedrich Schiller > »Schiller- Künstlerenzyklopädie Motive auf Postkarten«: Schiller-Porträts TimeLine Jutta Assel | Georg Jäger Projektepool Bildende Kunst Schiller-Motive auf Postkarten Porträts & Illustrationen Eine Dokumentation Anthologien und Sammlungen Schiller-Porträts Legenden, Märchen- und Sagenmotive Stand: September 2008 Volkslied-Motive Hans Christian Andersen Gliederung Ernst Moritz Arndt Clemens Brentano 1. Schiller-Porträts in der Plastik 2. Schiller-Porträts in Gemälde und Graphik Brüder Grimm 3. Schiller-Porträts in Silhouetten Georg Büchner 4. Kurzbiographien der Künstler Gottfried August Bürger 5. Literaturhinweise Joseph von Eichendorff 6. Rechtlicher Hinweis und Kontaktadresse Johann Wolfgang von Goethe Heinrich Heine Friedrich von Matthisson 1. Schiller-Porträts in der Plastik Eduard Mörike Wilhelm Müller August Musäus Zur Beachtung: Heinrich
    [Show full text]
  • OEDIPUS by Voltaire
    OEDIPUS By Voltaire Translated and adapted by Frank J. Morlock OEDIPUS By Voltaire Table of Contents OEDIPUS By Voltaire..............................................................................................................................................1 Translated and adapted by Frank J. Morlock.................................................................................................2 ACT I.............................................................................................................................................................4 ACT II..........................................................................................................................................................13 ACT III.........................................................................................................................................................24 ACT IV........................................................................................................................................................35 ACT V..........................................................................................................................................................45 i OEDIPUS By Voltaire OEDIPUS By Voltaire 1 OEDIPUS By Voltaire Translated and adapted by Frank J. Morlock Etext by Dagny • ACT I • ACT II • ACT III • ACT IV • ACT V Etext by Dagny This Etext is for private use only. No republication for profit in print or other media may be made without the express consent of the Copyright Holder. The Copyright
    [Show full text]
  • (2) Sexuality, Obscenity, and Genre in the Merchant's Tale
    The Merchant’s Tale (2) Sexuality, Obscenity, and Genre in the Merchant’s Tale: The Case of Fabliau Marie Turner An essay chapter from the Open Access Companion to the Canterbury Tales (September 2018) The Merchant’s Tale is often considered to be one of the masterpieces of the Canterbury Tales. A lowbrow story told in a high rhetorical style, the tale’s richly allusive fabric interweaves sources and analogues both classical and biblical, Latin, French, and Italian, as well as self-reflexively referencing other parts of the Canterbury Tales; in the Merchant’s Tale, perhaps, we can see the man behind the curtain, the poet Chaucer at work. But in addition to all this high style and erudition, the Merchant’s Tale also has something of a reputation for crude and obscene content: the elderly bachelor Januarie seeks out a much younger bride, May, and, after a series of perhaps less-than-erotic romps, introduces her to a purpose-built sex garden where he hopes they will engage in those acts which are “nat doon abedde” (MerT 2051). Throwing a wrench in the works is May, who naturally has fallen in love with Damyan, a young squire in her household, with whom she hatches a plan to cuckold her husband, now blind. May copies the key to the garden and lets Damyan inside, where he lies in wait in a convenient pear tree. When May declares herself to have a craving for pears, Januarie delightedly assumes that his wife is pregnant and rushes to assist her in climbing the tree in search of the fruit which will satisfy her desire.
    [Show full text]