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TURKEY, YEAR 2019: Update on incidents according to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) compiled by ACCORD, 10 June 2020

Number of reported incidents with at least one fatality Number of reported fatalities

National borders: GADM, November 2015a; administrative divisions: GADM, November 2015b; in- cident data: ACLED, 6 June 2020; coastlines and inland waters: Smith and Wessel, 1 May 2015 , YEAR 2019: UPDATE ON INCIDENTS ACCORDING TO THE ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) COMPILED BY ACCORD, 10 JUNE 2020

Contents Conflict incidents by category

Number of Number of reported fatalities 1 Number of Number of Category incidents with at incidents fatalities Number of reported incidents with at least one fatality 1 least one fatality Protests 1890 1 3 Conflict incidents by category 2 Strategic developments 600 0 0 Development of conflict incidents from 2016 to 2019 2 Battles 466 259 755 Violence against civilians 193 12 14 Methodology 3 Explosions / Remote 159 71 172 Conflict incidents per province 4 violence Riots 75 1 1 Localization of conflict incidents 5 Total 3383 344 945 Disclaimer 11 This table is based on data from ACLED (datasets used: ACLED, 6 June 2020).

Development of conflict incidents from 2016 to 2019

This graph is based on data from ACLED (datasets used: ACLED, 6 June 2020).

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Methodology on what level of detail is reported. Thus, towns may represent the wider region in which an incident occured, or the provincial capital may be used if only the province The data used in this report was collected by the Armed Conflict Location & Event is known. Erroneous location data, especially due to identical place names, cannot Data Project (ACLED). ACLED collects data on reported conflict events in selected be fully excluded. African and Asian countries, Turkey being among them. ACLED researchers collect event data from a variety of sources and code them by date, location, agent, and Incidents comprise the following categories: battles, headquarters or bases es- event type. tablished, non-violent strategic activities, riots/protests, violence against civilians, non-violent transfer of territory, remote violence. For details on these categories, Most of the data collected by ACLED is gathered based on publicly available, please see secondary reports. It may therefore underestimate the volume of events. Fatality data particularly is vulnerable to bias and inaccurate reporting, and ACLED states • ACLED – Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: Armed Conflict to use the most conservative estimate available. ACLED uses the reports’ context Location and Event Data Project (ACLED) Codebook (2019), 10 April 2019a to estimate fatalities for events with reported fatalities for which the exact number https://www.acleddata.com/wp-content/uploads/dlm_uploads/2017/10/ is unknown (“10” for plural fatalities, “100” if “hundreds” are mentioned, etc.). ACLED_Codebook_2019FINAL_pbl.pdf For further details on ACLED and for the full data, see www.acleddata.com and Raleigh; Linke; Hegre, and Karlsen, 2010. • ACLED – Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project (ACLED) User Quick Guide, April 2019b Based on this data, the Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research https://www.acleddata.com/wp-content/uploads/dlm_uploads/2019/04/ and Documentation (ACCORD) compiles updates on conflict incidents and pub- General-User-Guide_FINAL.pdf lishes them on ecoi.net to offer another access point to the ACLED datasets. • ACLED – Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: FAQs: ACLED Fatality It is advised to employ extreme caution when using fatality numbers. Methodology, 27 January 2020 https://www.acleddata.com/download/17979/ Assessments of the security situation should not be based solely on quantitative analysis of event data.

Geographic map data is primarily based on GADM, complemented with other sources if necessary. Incidents are mapped to GADM provinces using the provinces in ACLED data. Province names and borders may differ between ACLED and GADM. Incidents that could not be located are ignored. The numbers included in this overview might therefore differ from the original ACLED data. ACLED uses varying degrees of geographic precision for the individual incidents, depending

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Number of Conflict incidents per province Number of Number of Province incidents with incidents fatalities Number of fatalities Number of Number of Province incidents with Canakkale 38 0 0 incidents fatalities fatalities Cankiri 2 0 0 Adana 54 0 0 Corum 7 0 0 Adiyaman 8 2 3 Denizli 13 0 0 Afyonkarahisar 4 0 0 Diyarbakir 403 28 66 Agri 45 24 64 Duzce 5 0 0 Aksaray 1 0 0 35 0 0 3 0 0 Elazig 24 1 2 Ankara 510 0 0 Erzincan 9 0 0 Antalya 22 0 0 12 1 2 Artvin 4 0 0 Eskisehir 22 2 3 Aydin 36 0 0 Gaziantep 23 0 0 Balikesir 40 0 0 7 0 0 Bartin 1 0 0 Gumushane 3 0 0 Batman 44 1 2 Hakkari 221 87 291 Bayburt 1 0 0 Hatay 35 7 11 Bilecik 6 0 0 Isparta 2 0 0 Bingöl 22 4 5 510 1 1 Bitlis 41 13 22 Izmir 119 0 0 Bolu 21 0 0 Iğdır 26 14 36 Burdur 4 0 0 Kahramanmaras 10 0 0 Bursa 35 0 0

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Number of Number of Number of Number of Number of Number of Province incidents with Province incidents with incidents fatalities incidents fatalities fatalities fatalities Karabük 4 0 0 Rize 3 0 0 Karaman 4 0 0 Sakarya 8 1 1 Kars 15 6 9 14 0 0 Kastamonu 6 0 0 Sanliurfa 65 6 16 Kayseri 12 0 0 Siirt 37 10 21 Kilis 3 0 0 Sinop 3 0 0 Kirikkale 7 0 0 Sirnak 145 60 160 Kirklareli 10 0 0 Sivas 5 0 0 Kirsehir 3 0 0 Tekirdag 23 0 0 Kocaeli 55 0 0 Tokat 4 0 0 Konya 8 1 3 12 0 0 Kutahya 10 0 0 Tunceli 62 27 58 Malatya 10 1 1 Usak 4 0 0 21 0 0 Van 158 17 50 115 28 111 Yalova 5 0 0 Mersin 35 0 0 Zonguldak 10 0 0 Mugla 37 0 0 Mus 32 2 7 Nigde 3 0 0 Localization of conflict incidents 2 0 0 Osmaniye 5 0 0 Note: The following list is an overview of the incident data included in the ACLED dataset. More details are available in the actual dataset (date, location data, event type, involved actors, information sources, etc.). The data’s precision varies among the incidents: a town may represent a region, or the provincial capital may be used if the precise location of an incident is unkown. In the following list, the names of event locations are taken from ACLED, while the administrative region names

5 TURKEY, YEAR 2019: UPDATE ON INCIDENTS ACCORDING TO THE ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) COMPILED BY ACCORD, 10 JUNE 2020 are taken from GADM data which serves as the basis for the maps above. Kas, Konyaalti, Manavgat, Yesiloz.

In Adana, 54 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations In Artvin, 4 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were were among the affected: Adana, Barbaros, Ceyhan, Mumunlu, Saricam, among the affected: Artvin, Kemalpasa. Seyhan, Yuregir. In Aydin, 36 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations In Adiyaman, 8 incidents killing 3 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Aydin, , Germencik, Kusadasi, Nazilli, Selatin, were among the affected: Adiyaman, Akcali, Cakirhuyuk, Sincik, Suvarli. Soke.

In Afyonkarahisar, 4 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following In Balikesir, 40 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations locations were among the affected: Afyon T Type Prison, Afyonkarahisar. were among the affected: Ayvalik, Balikesir, Bandirma Type T Prison, Burhaniye, Havran, Keremkoy, Kucukkoy, Sindirgi. In Agri, 45 incidents killing 64 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Agri, , Dogubeyazit, Little Ararat Mountain, In Bartin, 1 incident killing 0 people was reported. The following location was Patnos, Patnos L Type Prison, Sogukpinar, Somkaya, Tendurek Mountain, among the affected: . Tutak. In Batman, 44 incidents killing 2 people were reported. The following locations In Aksaray, 1 incident killing 0 people was reported. The following location was were among the affected: Batman, , Kozluk, Palamut, Sason. among the affected: Aksaray. In Bayburt, 1 incident killing 0 people was reported. The following location was In Amasya, 3 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following location was among the affected: Bayburt. among the affected: Amasya. In Bilecik, 6 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were In Ankara, 510 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations among the affected: Bilecik, Bozuyuk, Golpazari. were among the affected: Akkuzulu, Alsancak, Altindag, Ankara, Asagi Dikmen, Bahcelievler, Bakirkoy, Batikent, Bestepe, Camlidere, Cankaya, In Bingöl, 22 incidents killing 5 people were reported. The following locations Cectepe, Emek, Emniyet, Eryaman, Golbasi, Huzur, Kazan, Kecioren, Kizilay, were among the affected: Adakli, Bingol, Genc, Karliova, Kigi, Kizilagac, Kizilcahamam, Mamak, Muhye, Sincan, Sokullu Mehmet Pasa, Tuzlucayir, Saricicek, Yayladere, Yedisu. Ulus, Universiteler, Yenimahalle. In Bitlis, 41 incidents killing 22 people were reported. The following locations In Antalya, 22 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Ahlat, Bitlis, Bolukyazi, Guroymak, Hizan, Kayadag, were among the affected: Aksu, , Antalya, Antalya L Type Prison, Deniz, Sarpkaya, Tatvan, Yukariolek.

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In Bolu, 21 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Duzce, Duzce T Type Prison, Gumusova. among the affected: Bolu, Bolu F Type Prison, Gerede, Yenicaydurt. In Edirne, 35 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations In Burdur, 4 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Edirne, Edirne F Type Prison, , Kesan, were among the affected: Burdur, Salda Lake. Uzunkopru.

In Bursa, 35 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations In Elazig, 24 incidents killing 2 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Bursa, Cicekli, Gemlik, Inegol, Kestel, Mudanya, were among the affected: Aricak, Baskil, Bukardi, Elazig, Elazig T Type Prison, Nilufer, Osmangazi, Seymen, Yildirim. Yogunbilek.

In Canakkale, 38 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations In Erzincan, 9 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Ayvacik, Bayramic, Besyol, Biga, Bozcaada, Can, were among the affected: Erzincan, Ilic, Kemah. Canakkale, Ezine, Kirazli. In Erzurum, 12 incidents killing 2 people were reported. The following locations In Cankiri, 2 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following location was were among the affected: Erzurum, Horasan, Karayazi, Yakutiye. among the affected: Cankiri. In Eskisehir, 22 incidents killing 3 people were reported. The following locations In Corum, 7 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following location was were among the affected: Buyukdere, Catoren Dam, Eskibaglar, Eskisehir. among the affected: Corum. In Gaziantep, 23 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations In Denizli, 13 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Gaziantep, Isikli, Islahiye, Karkamis, Sehitkamil. were among the affected: Denizli, Honaz, Merkezefendi, Pamukkale, Serinhisar. In Giresun, 7 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Eynesil, Giresun, Guce. In Diyarbakir, 403 incidents killing 66 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Baglar, Baharlar, Birlik, Bozbaglar, In Gumushane, 3 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations Cavundur, Cinar, Citlibahce, Cungus, Dicle, Diclekent, Diyarbakir, Diyarbakir were among the affected: Gumushane, Gumushane E Type Prison, Kurtun. D Type Prison, Ergani, Gurbeyli, Hani, Hazro, Kayacik, Kayahan, Kayapinar, Kulp, Kursunlu, Lice, Ortac, Sehitlik, Silvan, Sur, Tasagil, Ucdamlar, In Hakkari, 221 incidents killing 291 people were reported. The following Yaprakbasi, Yenisehir, Yolboyu Pirinclik. locations were among the affected: Akpinar, Aktutun, Asagi Uluyol, Bozyamac, Catalca, Cevre, Cimenli, Cobanpinar, Cukurca, Daglica, Derecik, Doganli, In Duzce, 5 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were Esendere, Gokyurt, Hakkari, Kamisli, Karabey, Kavakli, Kazan, Onbasilar,

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Samanli, Semdinli, Tuglu, Tutunlu, Uzumlu, Yuksekova. In Karabük, 4 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Karabuk, Safranbolu, Yenice. In Hatay, 35 incidents killing 11 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Altinozu, Antakya, Asagipulluyazi, Belen, Dortyol, In Karaman, 4 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations Erzin, Hatay, Iskenderun, Iskenderun T Type Prison, Kirikhan, Nur Mountains, were among the affected: Karaman, Kazimkarabekir. Reyhanli, Samandag. In Kars, 15 incidents killing 9 people were reported. The following locations were In Isparta, 2 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following location was among the affected: Dagpinar, Kagizman, Karakurt, Kars, Mescitli, Sesveren, among the affected: Isparta. Yolkorur.

In Kastamonu, 6 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following location In Istanbul, 510 incidents killing 1 person were reported. The following locations was among the affected: Kastamonu. were among the affected: Acibadem, Arnavutkoy, Atasehir, Avcilar, Bagcilar, Bahcelievler, Bakirkoy, Basaksehir, Bayrampasa, Bebek, Besiktas, Beyazit, In Kayseri, 12 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations Beylikduezue, Beyoglu, Buyukcekmece, Capa, Cekmekoy, Esenler, Esenyurt, were among the affected: Bunyan T Type Prison, Kayseri, Kocasinan, Eyup, Fatih, Gaziosmanpasa, Gungoren, Istanbul, Kadikoy, Kagithane, Kartal, Melikgazi. Kucukcekmece, Maltepe, Omerli, Pendik, Sancaktepe, Sariyer, Silivri, Silivri Prison, Sisli, Sultanbeyli, Sultangazi, Tuzla, Umraniye, Uskudar, Uskumrukoy, In Kilis, 3 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following location was Yenibosna, Yenikapi. among the affected: Kilis.

In Izmir, 119 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations In Kirikkale, 7 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Aliaga, Bayrakli, Bergama, Bornova, Buca, Cesme, were among the affected: Kirikkale, Kirikkale F Type Prison. Cigli, Dikili, Foca, Guzelbahce, Halkapinar, Hatundere, Izmir, Izmir Women’s Closed Prison, Kadifekale, Karaburun, Karsiyaka, Konak, Menderes, In Kirklareli, 10 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following location , Narlidere, Ozdere, Pinarbasi, Seferihisar, Torbali, Urla. was among the affected: Kirklareli.

In Iğdır, 26 incidents killing 36 people were reported. The following locations In Kirsehir, 3 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following location was were among the affected: Aralik, Igdir. among the affected: Kirsehir.

In Kahramanmaras, 10 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following In Kocaeli, 55 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations locations were among the affected: Elbistan, Kahramanmaras, Turkoglu, were among the affected: Darica, Derince, Gebze, Golcuk, Izmit, Kocaeli, Turkoglu L Type Prison Number 2. Kocaeli F Type Prison.

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In Konya, 8 incidents killing 3 people were reported. The following locations were In Nigde, 3 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Aksehir, Beysehir, Eregli, Eregli T Type Prison, Konya, among the affected: Nigde, Ulukisla. Yunak. In Ordu, 2 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were In Kutahya, 10 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations among the affected: , Ordu. were among the affected: Altintas, Dumlupinar, Gediz, Kutahya, Simav, Tavsanli. In Osmaniye, 5 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Osmaniye, Osmaniye T Type Prison. In Malatya, 10 incidents killing 1 person were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Bolunmez, Malatya, Yesilyurt. In Rize, 3 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Kalkandere, Rize. In Manisa, 21 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Demirci, Hacibektasli, Kirkagac, Manisa, Manisa T In Sakarya, 8 incidents killing 1 person were reported. The following locations Type Prison, Salihli, Soma, Turgutlu. were among the affected: Hendek, Sakarya, Sapanca.

In Mardin, 115 incidents killing 111 people were reported. The following In Samsun, 14 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations locations were among the affected: Akdogan, Artuklu, Atli, Bostanli, Catak, were among the affected: Atakum, Bafra, Samsun. Cetinler, Dagici, , Dargecit, Derik, Elmabahce, Harmankaya, Istasyon, Karatas, Kaynakkaya, Kiziltepe, Mardin, Mardin E Type Prison, Mazidagi, In Sanliurfa, 65 incidents killing 16 people were reported. The following locations Midyat, , Omerli, Omeryan Mountains, Savur, Tanyeri, Taslica, were among the affected: Akcakale, Akpinar, Aligor, , Ceylanpinar, Uckoy. Dergili, Goktepe, Haliliye, , Karakopru, Sanliurfa, Sanliurfa T Type Prison, , Suruc, Viransehir. In Mersin, 35 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Akdeniz, Anamur, Aydincik, Demirtas, Gulnar, In Siirt, 37 incidents killing 21 people were reported. The following locations were Mersin, , Tarsus T Type Prison. among the affected: Akmese, Ardicdali, Baykan, Cinarlisu, Dadakli, Dogankoy, Eruh, Herekol Mountain, Pervari, Siirt, Veysel Karani. In Mugla, 37 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: , , , Datca, , Kotekli, In Sinop, 3 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following location was , , Mugla, , Palamutbuku, . among the affected: Sinop.

In Mus, 32 incidents killing 7 people were reported. The following locations were In Sirnak, 145 incidents killing 160 people were reported. The following locations among the affected: Adaksu, Arakonak, Bulanik, Kayalikale, Mus, Varto. were among the affected: Balveren, Basak, Beytussebap, Boyunyaka, ,

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Cukurlu, Dereler, Gabar Mountain, Gecitboyu, Gormec, Gulesli, Idil, Ikizce, among the affected: Cinarcik, Yalova. Judi Mountain, Kato Mountain, Katran, Kebeli, Kosreli, Ortasu, Sarikoy, Silopi, Sirnak, Sirnak T Type Prison, Uludere, Uzungecit, Yafes, Yesiloz. In Zonguldak, 10 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Alapli, Eregli, Gokcebey, Kilimli, Zonguldak. In Sivas, 5 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following location was among the affected: Sivas.

In Tekirdag, 23 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Cerkezkoy, Corlu, Gunduzlu, Hanoglu, Hayrabolu, Inanli, Muratli, Suleymanpasa, Tekirdag.

In Tokat, 4 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Dokuzcam, Tokat.

In Trabzon, 12 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Besikduzu T Type Prison, Caykara, Surmene, Trabzon, Uzungol.

In Tunceli, 62 incidents killing 58 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Akpazar, Altinyuzuk, Bilgec, Hozat, Karsilar, Mazgirt, Nazimiye, Ovacik, Pulumur, Tunceli.

In Usak, 4 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Esme, Usak.

In Van, 158 incidents killing 50 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Akdogu, Akkopru, Anakoy, Aydemir, Baskale, Bostanici, Caldiran, Catak, Dikbiyik, Edremit, Ercis, Esenyamac, Gevas, Gurpinar, Hacibekir, Ipekyolu, Muradiye, Ozalp, Saray, Tahil, Van, Van Prison Compound, Yeni.

In Yalova, 5 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were

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Sources please see the ecoi.net blog posts tagged with “ACLED”. The lack of information on an event in this report does not permit the inference that it did not take place. • ACLED – Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: Middle East (Data The boundaries and names displayed do not imply endorsement or acceptance through 6 June 2020), 6 June 2020 by the Austrian Red Cross. https://www.acleddata.com/download/2915/

• GADM – Global Administrative Areas: gadm28_levels.shp, Version 2.8, Cite as November 2015a http://biogeo.ucdavis.edu/data/gadm2.8/gadm28_levels.shp.zip • ACCORD – Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research and Documentation: Turkey, year 2019: Update on incidents according to the • GADM – Global Administrative Areas: TUR_adm.zip, Version 2.8, November Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED), 10 June 2020 2015b https://biogeo.ucdavis.edu/data/gadm2.8/shp/TUR_adm_shp.zip

• Raleigh, Clionadh; Linke, Andrew; Hegre, Håvard, and Karlsen, Joakim: “In- troducing ACLED-Armed Conflict Location and Event Data”, in: Journal of Peace Research (47(5) 2010 ), pp. 651–660 http://jpr.sagepub.com/content/47/5/651.full.pdf+html

• Smith, Walter H. F. and Wessel, Paul: Global Self-consistent Hierarchical High-resolution (GSHHG), Version 2.3.4, 1 May 2015 https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/shorelines/data/gshhg/latest/

Disclaimer

Event data may be revised or complemented in future updates. Updates in ACLED’s datasets will not necessarily be reflected in ACCORD’s reports if the update occurs close to or after the latter’s publication. Changes in the sources used by ACLEDto collect incident data might affect the comparability of data over time. For more information on ACLED’s methodology, please see www.acleddata.com/resources/ methodology/. For more information on ACCORD’s products based on the data,

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