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MWP 2013/06 Max Weber Programme Universal Crime, Particular Punishment: Trying the Atrocities of the Japanese Occupation as Treason in the Philippines, 1947-1953 AuthorKonrad AuthorM. Lawson and Author Author European University Institute Max Weber Programme Universal Crime, Particular Punishment: Trying the Atrocities of the Japanese Occupation as Treason in the Philippines, 1947- 1953 Konrad M. Lawson EUI Working Paper MWP 2013/06 This text may be downloaded for personal research purposes only. Any additional reproduction for other purposes, whether in hard copy or electronically, requires the consent of the author(s), editor(s). If cited or quoted, reference should be made to the full name of the author(s), editor(s), the title, the working paper or other series, the year, and the publisher. ISSN 1830-7728 © Konrad M. Lawson, 2013 Printed in Italy European University Institute Badia Fiesolana I – 50014 San Domenico di Fiesole (FI) Italy www.eui.eu cadmus.eui.eu Abstract Trials against both war crimes and treason were held in the Philippines after the end of the Japanese occupation in 1945. In the former, a universalistic category of crimes were punished, while in the latter, the crime was primarily one of betrayal, and its victim was the nation. In January, 1948 a presidential amnesty was proclaimed by Manuel Roxas for all those accused of wartime treason except for military and police collaborators, spies, informers, or those accused of violent crimes. Most of the treason cases not covered by this amnesty were against those guilty of some of the same atrocities being treated as war crimes in trials against the Japanese. -
The Conflict of Political and Economic Pressures in Philippine Economic
This dissertation has been Mic 61-2821 naicrofilmed exactly as received BRAZIL, Harold Edmund. THE CONFLICT OF POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC PRESSURES m PHILIPPINE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1961 Political Science, public administration University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan THE CONFLICT OF POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC PRESSURES IN PHILIPPINE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for tjie Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Harold Edmund Brazil, B, S., M. A» The Ohio S tate U niversity 1961 Approved by Adviser Co-Adviser Department of Political Science PREFACE The purpose of this study is to examine the National Economic Council of the Philippines as a focal point of the contemporary life of that nation. The claim is often made that the Republic of the Philippines, by reason of American tutelage, stands as the one nation in the Orient that has successfully established itself as an American-type democracy. The Philippines is confronted today by serious econcanic problems which may threaten the stability of the nation. From the point of view of purely economic considerations, Philippine national interests would seem to call for one line of policy to cope with these economic problems. Yet, time and again, the Philippine government has been forced by political considerations to foUcw some other line of policy which was patently undesirable from an economic point of view. The National Economic Council, a body of economic experts, has been organized for the purpose of form ulating economic p o licy and recommend ing what is economically most desirable for the nation. -
Cebu 1(Mun to City)
TABLE OF CONTENTS Map of Cebu Province i Map of Cebu City ii - iii Map of Mactan Island iv Map of Cebu v A. Overview I. Brief History................................................................... 1 - 2 II. Geography...................................................................... 3 III. Topography..................................................................... 3 IV. Climate........................................................................... 3 V. Population....................................................................... 3 VI. Dialect............................................................................. 4 VII. Political Subdivision: Cebu Province........................................................... 4 - 8 Cebu City ................................................................. 8 - 9 Bogo City.................................................................. 9 - 10 Carcar City............................................................... 10 - 11 Danao City................................................................ 11 - 12 Lapu-lapu City........................................................... 13 - 14 Mandaue City............................................................ 14 - 15 City of Naga............................................................. 15 Talisay City............................................................... 16 Toledo City................................................................. 16 - 17 B. Tourist Attractions I. Historical........................................................................ -
INFORMATION to USERS the Most Advanced Technology Has Been
INFORMATION TO USERS The most advanced technology has been used to photo graph and reproduce this manuscript from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are re produced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. These are also available as one exposure on a standard 35mm slide or as a 17" x 23" black and white photographic print for an additional charge. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI University Microfilms international A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 Nortfi Zeeb Road. -
Progress Inpublic Health
(014 A z PMA -Ah - 1 cv.1, 195' PROGRESS INPUBLIC HEALTH PRLIPPINESJ 0 Ln I DIJ l if N ,7/mv 's fl c E OY3R O Juni 30,1350 S . V 7> 771 ~ U~~AID/M~xWLA PREFACE This Joint Report covering a 4-1/2 year period Jan uary 1, 1954 through June 30, 1958 is presented by the Department of Health and the Health Division of the In ternational Cooperation Administration. We have tried to present to the reader a description not only of the ac complishments during this period but to give a background of the developments in the joint planning of our two Nations, showing the ielationship of public health to the overall eco nomic development of the Philippines and the mutual secu rity to both democracies. The short summary statements are based on official documents some of which are shown as Annexes and still others that are presented in full and compiled in mimeographed form as Supplement No. 1 to this Joint Report. The Supplement is a bulky publication and will be distributed only upon request. Horace DeLian, M. D. Paulino J. Garcia, M. D. Chief, Health Division Secretary of Health USOM to the Philippines (ICA) Department of Health Z, -i~w Philippine President Carlos P. Garcia and Paul D. Summers, Director of ICA Mission to the Philippines lunching together following the President's inauguration of two ICA-assisted projects in the same province, a new cooperative farmers' refrigeration and cold storage plant at Urdaneta, and the Agno River Irriga tion System, largest of eight irrigation systems built under the joint Philippine-United States economic program. -
Subsecretaria De Infraestructura
SUBSECRETARIA DE INFRAESTRUCTURA DIRECCION GENERAL DE CARRETERAS PROGRAMA DE EMPLEO TEMPORAL LISTADO DE BENEFICIARIOS ESTADO: ZACATECAS COMITE: 0403000005 VILLA HIDALGO MUNICIPIO:ATOLINGA LOCALIDAD:VILLA HIDALGO No. RFC NOMBRE DEL TRABAJADOR 001 LOCM800114573 MAURO LOERA CASTELLON 002 PISM580907PC0 MARIA PIÑA SANTOYO 003 AECE4906171E3 ESTHER ARELLANO CASTAÑEDA 004 LURG861111SM0 MARIA GUADALUPE LUNA ROBLES 005 SELF910330HB1 FLORIBEL SERRANO LLAMAS 006 SAMR560712KEA RAMIRO SANDOVAL MIRAMONTES 007 SAGJ910408Q19 MARIA DE JESUS SANDOVAL GONZALEZ 008 GOSC571211PF4 CAMERINA GONZALEZ SERRANO 009 SAGR800822CQ7 ROCELIA SANDOVAL GONZALEZ 010 RIMT700524KVA JOSE TRINIDAD RIVERA MIRAMONTES 011 LAFL720812RW9 LETICIA LLAMAS FLORES 012 RILL920222PD2 LUIS HUMBERTO RIVERA LLAMAS 013 HUMJ950404KK1 JUAN ANTONIO HUIZAR MIRAMONTES 014 RIMJ530827TG9 JOSEFINA RIVERA MIRAMONTES 015 RIMA7306133C5 ANTONIO RIVERA MIRAMONTES 016 TOSE851030RU1 ENRIQUE TORRES SERRANO 017 RUAJ591015L14 JORGE RUIZ ANTONIA 018 BUAA471103KY7 ALFREDO BUGARIN ARELLANO 019 BUPA881002NG2 ARMIDA BUGARIN PIÑA 020 BUPA740607EI6 JOSE ALFREDO BUGARIN PIÑA 021 SALM8712026U5 MIGUEL ANGEL SANDOVAL LOPEZ 022 SEBM571015G51 MARGARITA SERRANO BUGARIN 023 MIRJ9209133L2 JOSE DE JESUS MIRAMONTES RIVERA 024 CACL790329S41 LENIN CASTAÑEDA CORREA 025 BAMI8601247L2 ISRAEL BAUTISTA MEZA 026 BAMM930202V43 MISAEL BAUTISTA MEZA 027 SACL900210EK4 LUXIOLA SANDOVAL CONTRERAS 028 SACS760603655 SALVADOR SANDOVAL CONTRERAS 029 NUPM710501PTA MARCELINA NUÑEZ PEREZ 030 CACT570823TY6 TERESA CASTAÑEDA CASAS 031 RILJ910324EY8 -
Public Administration in the Philippines 1959
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN THE PHILIPPINES 1959 [Councilof Administrative Management Civil Service Reform Staff Services In-Service Training Institute of Public Administration Government Reorganization Classification and Pay Plans Technical Assistance ........... "q' ?,r y .... '" 32'J :'"ky. PUBLIC ADMINISTRA TION IN THE PHILIPPINES 1959 A Report to The Republic of the Philippines Through The International Cooperation Administration By Louis J. Kroeger and Associate:3 August 1959 CONTENTS Page Foreword i The Mission ii The Method iii Part I Position Classification and Compensation Introduction 1 Chapter I. Summary of Conclusions 2 II. Summary of Recommendations 4 III. Original Problems and Objectives 6 IV. Basic Concepts 8 V. General Evaluation of Progress 11 VI. Defects in the Plans 17 VII. Conflicts and Handicaps 20 VIII. Complaints and Misconceptions 38 IX. Whose Fault? 51 X. Prescriptions for Progress 52 Part II Public Administration Generally Introduction 55 XI. Summary of Conclusions 56 XII. Summary of Recommendations 58 XIII. Perspective 60 XIV. Leadership 63 XV. Training 68 XVI. Staff Services 7Z XVII Reorganization 78 XVIII. Departmental Operations 83 XIX. Informal Support 85 XX. A Case in Point 87 CONTENTS Page Part III Technical Assistance Introduction 89 Chapt,:r XXI. The Roles of Public AdrninistratiQn 90 XXII. PAD/USOM/PHIL 94 Part IV Action XXIII. Action 97 FOREWORD This is a report in four Parts, each relating to a different aspect of public administration in the Philippines as seen in brief review in July and August 1959. Part I devotes detailed attention to the position classifica tion and pay programs, because of the hail of criticism to which it has been subjected. -
06 the Sugar Bloc Prolems and Opportunities.Pdf
THE SUGAR BLOC: PROBLEMS AND OPPORTUNITIES" by CARMENCITA T. AGUILAR.... I. Introduction A year before the end of the Marcos government, the fall of the sugar industry was dramatized when Asia Week Magazine featured on its cover an emaciated child allegedly a child of a sugar worker in Negros Oc cidental. The journalistic intention of a malnourished child on the cover may have been to depict the impact of poverty and hunger on the thousands of people, especially workers, who were dependent on the in dustry for their livelihood. The province is identified as a former rich center of the sugar industry in "the West Visayas, at the same time, the hardest hit by the failure of the industry. The set-back on the sugar in dustry had caused economic losses to planters and millers in the province • while poverty and related sufferings besieged the masses of workers. While social reformers were happy at the turn of events, many jobless and poor people found repose by joining the insurgents. The main issue that many were concerned with, then, was why the sugar industry had reached its ebb when it had always been traditionally regarded as the backbone of the Philippine economy. It seemed un believable to think that the industry could self-destruct when it was con sidered the life-blood for both rich and poor in the industry. Looking at the government policy for the industry, it is specially noted that as a result of the Cuban djjis, the industry's expansion was boosted during • the 1962-1967 period with-the increase of the sugar quota to the United States. -
FILIPINA Vilizadc Ra Que En Todos Jos Continentes Realizan Jos Heraldos Del Evangelio
Ll'IS P. PELLICER lkp1·,.,,,,11tai;t .. ;.· Di~•,-ihuidor Exelm•iYo Apartado ~,)H:J. :\Ianila-Td. ;,_JI-fil Sintonic'.' todo~ los LUlll'~ con la Emi~11ra DZ:F:\I Fanw~a 11oche de Xovatos-Togo, Pogo, Patsy r ~go-Xgo a la~ 8:00 p.m. 1sem«n«i DfA MIS ION AL El domingo próxmo se celebra en todo el orbe católico el Día de las Misiones, consagrado a recordar la labor ci REVISTA ILUSTRADA· HISPANO-FILIPINA vilizadc ra que en todos Jos continentes realizan Jos heraldos del Evangelio. Realmente son dignos de ser recordados, ccn el más fer PUBLICADA CADA JUEVES POR LA voroso recuerdo, esos varones justo~ que dejando la tierra en que nacieron y todo el ccnjunto de afectos que ella guarda, consumen su juventud y su virilidad en tierras extrañas, muchas veces entre gentes hostiles, sólo para descubrirle51 Ja luz que trajo al mundo el Hijo de Dios. Son los misionercs Jos verdaderos héroes del mundo, los que mejor trabajan pcr el establecimiento de la paz anhelada por todos Jos pueblos, Director: Manuel López Floreis paz que no puede fundarse sino en el concepto de la herman dad real de todos los hombres, como descendientes de una REdacción y Administración sola pareja humana. AZCARRAGA 2109 MANILA Tel. 2-91-37 A ellos queremos rendir también nuestro homenaje, de un modo E'.-"Pecial a los hijos de Espafia que continúan reali (Rr.aistrado como corre.qpondencia de segunda clase, en las zando la empresa que ha sido propia de la nación española y Oficinas de Correos de Manila, el 13 de enero de 1949) le ha dado mayor gloria despertando en Jos diversos pueblos sentimientos de gratitud. -
Universal Crime, Particular Punishment: Trying the Atrocities of the Japanese Occupation As Treason in the Philippines, 1947–1953
Universal Crime, Particular Punishment: Trying the Atrocities of the Japanese Occupation as Treason in the Philippines, 1947–1953 Konrad M. Lawson RESÜMEE Nach dem Ende der japanischen Besatzung der Philippinen 1945 wurden dort Prozesse zur Verfolgung von Kriegsverbrechen und von Landesverrat initiiert. Während im ersten Fall eine universalistische Kategorie von Verbrechen zur Strafe stand, ging es im zweiten Fall meist um den Verrat an der Nation, die als Opfer definiert wurde. Im Januar 1948 erklärte Manuel Roxas eine Präsidialamnestie für alle des Landesverrats Beschuldigten mit Ausnahme von Kollabora- teuren aus dem Militär und der Polizei, Spionen, Informanten und gewalttätiger Verbrechen Beschuldigter. Die meisten der Fälle von Landesverrat, die diese Amnestie nicht umfasste, be- trafen Personen, die Formen von Gräuel begangen hatte, die in Prozessen gegen Japaner als Kriegsverbrechen eingestuft wurden. Dieser Artikel untersucht den Prozess der gerichtlichen Aufarbeitung von Gewaltverbrechen und sexueller Gewalt, meist begangen durch Kollabora- teure aus dem Militär und der Polizei, in den Philippinen nach 1945 gemäß dem Gesetz gegen Verrat. Im Mittelpunkt steht die Frage, inwiefern – ungeachtet der Tatsache, dass die Kriegs- verbrecherprozesse der frühen Nachkriegszeit den Erwartungen in vielerlei Form nicht ent- sprachen – die alternative Kategorisierung von Brutalität im Krieg als Landesverrat nicht auch hochproblematisch war. Introduction After the Second World War, prosecutors and judges of war crimes tribunals in Nurem- berg -
With a Compendium of Recollections and Tribute Pieces from Bancom Alumni and Friends
The ebook version of this book may be downloaded at www.xBancom.com This Bancom book project was made possible by the generous support of mr. manuel V. Pangilinan. The book launching was sponsored by smart infinity copyright © 2013 by sixto K. roxas Bancom memoirsby sixto K. roxas With a Compendium of Recollections and Tribute Pieces from Bancom Alumni and Friends Edited by eduardo a. Yotoko Published by PLDT-smart Foundation, inc and Bancom alumni, inc. (BaLi) contents Foreword by Evelyn R. Singson 5 Foreword by Francis G. Estrada 7 Preface 9 Prologue: Bancom and the Philippine financial markets 13 chapter 1 Bancom at its 10th year 24 chapter 2 BTco and cBTc, Bliss and Barcelon 28 chapter 3 ripe for investment banking 34 chapter 4 Founding eDF 41 chapter 5 organizing PDcP 44 chapter 6 childhood, ateneo and social action 48 chapter 7 my development as an economist 55 chapter 8 Practicing economics at central Bank and PnB 59 chapter 9 corporate finance at Filoil 63 chapter 10 economic planning under macapagal 71 chapter 11 shaping the development vision 76 chapter 12 entering the money market 84 chapter 13 creating the Treasury Bill market 88 chapter 14 advising on external debt management 90 chapter 15 Forming a virtual merchant bank 103 chapter 16 Functional merger with rcBc 108 chapter 17 asean merchant banking network 112 chapter 18 some key asian central bankers 117 chapter 19 asia’s star economic planners 122 chapter 20 my american express interlude 126 chapter 21 radical reorganization and BiHL 136 chapter 22 Dewey Dee and the end of Bancom 141 chapter 23 The total development company components 143 chapter 24 a changed life-world 156 chapter 25 The sustainable development movement 167 chapter 26 The Bancom university of experience 174 chapter 27 summing up the legacy 186 Photo Folio 198 compendium of recollections and Tribute Pieces from Bancom alumni and Friends 205 4 Bancom memoirs Bancom was absorbed by union Bank in 1981. -
Wartime Atrocities and the Politics of Treason in the Ruins of the Japanese Empire, 1937-1953
Wartime Atrocities and the Politics of Treason in the Ruins of the Japanese Empire, 1937-1953 The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Lawson, Konrad. 2012. Wartime Atrocities and the Politics of Treason in the Ruins of the Japanese Empire, 1937-1953. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:9795484 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA © 2012 – Konrad Mitchell Lawson Some Rights Reserved This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ iii Dissertation Advisor: Professor Andrew Gordon Konrad Mitchell Lawson Wartime Atrocities and the Politics of Treason in the Ruins of the Japanese Empire, 1937-1953 ABSTRACT This dissertation explores the relationship between violence and betrayal in retribution against military and police collaborators who helped maintain Japan’s wartime occupations up until its defeat in 1945. Looking at the approaches taken in the colonies of British Asia, postwar treason trials in the Philippines, and Chinese Communist approaches in wartime and postwar Shandong province, this study argues that the laws and rhetoric of treason were deeply flawed tools for confronting the atrocities of war. At the very moment that war crimes trials were defining a set of acts that constituted crimes against all humanity, around the world thousands of individuals who helped perpetrate them were treated as primarily guilty of crimes against the nation.