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THE PHILIPPINES, 1942-1944 James Kelly Morningstar, Doctor of History
ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: WAR AND RESISTANCE: THE PHILIPPINES, 1942-1944 James Kelly Morningstar, Doctor of History, 2018 Dissertation directed by: Professor Jon T. Sumida, History Department What happened in the Philippine Islands between the surrender of Allied forces in May 1942 and MacArthur’s return in October 1944? Existing historiography is fragmentary and incomplete. Memoirs suffer from limited points of view and personal biases. No academic study has examined the Filipino resistance with a critical and interdisciplinary approach. No comprehensive narrative has yet captured the fighting by 260,000 guerrillas in 277 units across the archipelago. This dissertation begins with the political, economic, social and cultural history of Philippine guerrilla warfare. The diverse Islands connected only through kinship networks. The Americans reluctantly held the Islands against rising Japanese imperial interests and Filipino desires for independence and social justice. World War II revealed the inadequacy of MacArthur’s plans to defend the Islands. The General tepidly prepared for guerrilla operations while Filipinos spontaneously rose in armed resistance. After his departure, the chaotic mix of guerrilla groups were left on their own to battle the Japanese and each other. While guerrilla leaders vied for local power, several obtained radios to contact MacArthur and his headquarters sent submarine-delivered agents with supplies and radios that tie these groups into a united framework. MacArthur’s promise to return kept the resistance alive and dependent on the United States. The repercussions for social revolution would be fatal but the Filipinos’ shared sacrifice revitalized national consciousness and created a sense of deserved nationhood. The guerrillas played a key role in enabling MacArthur’s return. -
Cebu 1(Mun to City)
TABLE OF CONTENTS Map of Cebu Province i Map of Cebu City ii - iii Map of Mactan Island iv Map of Cebu v A. Overview I. Brief History................................................................... 1 - 2 II. Geography...................................................................... 3 III. Topography..................................................................... 3 IV. Climate........................................................................... 3 V. Population....................................................................... 3 VI. Dialect............................................................................. 4 VII. Political Subdivision: Cebu Province........................................................... 4 - 8 Cebu City ................................................................. 8 - 9 Bogo City.................................................................. 9 - 10 Carcar City............................................................... 10 - 11 Danao City................................................................ 11 - 12 Lapu-lapu City........................................................... 13 - 14 Mandaue City............................................................ 14 - 15 City of Naga............................................................. 15 Talisay City............................................................... 16 Toledo City................................................................. 16 - 17 B. Tourist Attractions I. Historical........................................................................ -
Japan-Comfort Women-Fact Finding Report-1994-Eng
Comfort Women nn unfinished ordeal Report of a Mission International Commission of Jurists Geneva, Switzerland V f Jr 1 I * f * f I j . The ICJ permits free reproduction of extracts from any of its publications provided that due acknowledgement is given and a copy of the publication carrying the extract is sent to its headquarters at the following address: P.O.Box 160 26, Chemin de Joinville CH-1216 Cointrin/Geneva Switzerland Tel: (4122) 788 47 47 Fax: (4122) 788 48 80 Cover sketch by Ariane de Nyzankowskij Cover design by Hoshi Kapadia International Commission of Jurists (ICJ) Geneva, Switzerland Report of a Mission by Ustinia Dolgopol Snehal Paranjape International Commission of Jurists Geneva, Switzerland © Copyright,Copyright, International International Commission Commission of of Jurists Jurists ISBNISBN 92 92 9037 9037 086-6 086-6 Contents Préfacé ................................................................................................. 7 Map ................................................................................................. 10 Chronology of Dates and Events ................................................................ 11 Chapter One Introduction .................................................................................................15 Chapter Two Historical Background................................................................................... 21 Chapter Three Comfort Stations.............................................................................................29 Chapter Four Statements -
Subsecretaria De Infraestructura
SUBSECRETARIA DE INFRAESTRUCTURA DIRECCION GENERAL DE CARRETERAS PROGRAMA DE EMPLEO TEMPORAL LISTADO DE BENEFICIARIOS ESTADO: ZACATECAS COMITE: 0403000005 VILLA HIDALGO MUNICIPIO:ATOLINGA LOCALIDAD:VILLA HIDALGO No. RFC NOMBRE DEL TRABAJADOR 001 LOCM800114573 MAURO LOERA CASTELLON 002 PISM580907PC0 MARIA PIÑA SANTOYO 003 AECE4906171E3 ESTHER ARELLANO CASTAÑEDA 004 LURG861111SM0 MARIA GUADALUPE LUNA ROBLES 005 SELF910330HB1 FLORIBEL SERRANO LLAMAS 006 SAMR560712KEA RAMIRO SANDOVAL MIRAMONTES 007 SAGJ910408Q19 MARIA DE JESUS SANDOVAL GONZALEZ 008 GOSC571211PF4 CAMERINA GONZALEZ SERRANO 009 SAGR800822CQ7 ROCELIA SANDOVAL GONZALEZ 010 RIMT700524KVA JOSE TRINIDAD RIVERA MIRAMONTES 011 LAFL720812RW9 LETICIA LLAMAS FLORES 012 RILL920222PD2 LUIS HUMBERTO RIVERA LLAMAS 013 HUMJ950404KK1 JUAN ANTONIO HUIZAR MIRAMONTES 014 RIMJ530827TG9 JOSEFINA RIVERA MIRAMONTES 015 RIMA7306133C5 ANTONIO RIVERA MIRAMONTES 016 TOSE851030RU1 ENRIQUE TORRES SERRANO 017 RUAJ591015L14 JORGE RUIZ ANTONIA 018 BUAA471103KY7 ALFREDO BUGARIN ARELLANO 019 BUPA881002NG2 ARMIDA BUGARIN PIÑA 020 BUPA740607EI6 JOSE ALFREDO BUGARIN PIÑA 021 SALM8712026U5 MIGUEL ANGEL SANDOVAL LOPEZ 022 SEBM571015G51 MARGARITA SERRANO BUGARIN 023 MIRJ9209133L2 JOSE DE JESUS MIRAMONTES RIVERA 024 CACL790329S41 LENIN CASTAÑEDA CORREA 025 BAMI8601247L2 ISRAEL BAUTISTA MEZA 026 BAMM930202V43 MISAEL BAUTISTA MEZA 027 SACL900210EK4 LUXIOLA SANDOVAL CONTRERAS 028 SACS760603655 SALVADOR SANDOVAL CONTRERAS 029 NUPM710501PTA MARCELINA NUÑEZ PEREZ 030 CACT570823TY6 TERESA CASTAÑEDA CASAS 031 RILJ910324EY8 -
Buddhism from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia Jump To: Navigation, Search
Buddhism From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search A statue of Gautama Buddha in Bodhgaya, India. Bodhgaya is traditionally considered the place of his awakening[1] Part of a series on Buddhism Outline · Portal History Timeline · Councils Gautama Buddha Disciples Later Buddhists Dharma or Concepts Four Noble Truths Dependent Origination Impermanence Suffering · Middle Way Non-self · Emptiness Five Aggregates Karma · Rebirth Samsara · Cosmology Practices Three Jewels Precepts · Perfections Meditation · Wisdom Noble Eightfold Path Wings to Awakening Monasticism · Laity Nirvāṇa Four Stages · Arhat Buddha · Bodhisattva Schools · Canons Theravāda · Pali Mahāyāna · Chinese Vajrayāna · Tibetan Countries and Regions Related topics Comparative studies Cultural elements Criticism v • d • e Buddhism (Pali/Sanskrit: बौद धमर Buddh Dharma) is a religion and philosophy encompassing a variety of traditions, beliefs and practices, largely based on teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, commonly known as the Buddha (Pāli/Sanskrit "the awakened one"). The Buddha lived and taught in the northeastern Indian subcontinent some time between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE.[2] He is recognized by adherents as an awakened teacher who shared his insights to help sentient beings end suffering (or dukkha), achieve nirvana, and escape what is seen as a cycle of suffering and rebirth. Two major branches of Buddhism are recognized: Theravada ("The School of the Elders") and Mahayana ("The Great Vehicle"). Theravada—the oldest surviving branch—has a widespread following in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia, and Mahayana is found throughout East Asia and includes the traditions of Pure Land, Zen, Nichiren Buddhism, Tibetan Buddhism, Shingon, Tendai and Shinnyo-en. In some classifications Vajrayana, a subcategory of Mahayana, is recognized as a third branch. -
Defeating Revisionism, Reformism and Opportunism
Jose Ma. Sison (Amado Guerrero) Defeating Revisionism, Reformism and Opportunism Selected Writings, 1969 to 1974 International Network for Philippine Studies The Netherlands and Aklat ng Bayan, Inc. Philippines Copyright © 2013 by International Network for Philippine Studies (INPS) Published by International Network for Philippine Studies (INPS) and Aklat ng Bayan, Inc. ISBN 978-1-62847-921-8 Cover design by Janos J.L.L. Sison Book design by Alvin Firmeza Contents Editor's Note ix Author's Preface 1 Carry the Struggle against Modern Revisionism through to the End 5 The Lava Revisionist Renegades Are Counterrevolutionaries 7 On the Reformists 11 A Seminar of Landlords on "Land Reform" 11 Masaka Factions Quarrel over Ople 11 Soviet Social-Imperialists Cooperate with US in Defence-Aerospace Program 12 The Treachery of Taruc as a Negative Example 15 Taruc-Sumulong Gangster Clique Is Desperately Isolated 25 Fake Controversy Concocted to Obscure Fundamental Issues in Church 27 Reformist Organizations Beg for Land Reform from Reactionary Government 29 Reactionary "Labor" Confederations "Unite" behind Management and Marcos 33 Bertrand Russell Peace Foundation, Inc. Admits It Enjoys State Protection 35 Expose and Oppose the Vicious Crimes of the Monkees-Armeng Bayan-Masaka (Lava) Gang 39 On the Counterrevolutionary Line of the Lava Revisionist Renegades 43 On the Movement for the Advancement of Nationalism 51 Against the Wishful Thinking of a Revisionist Puppet of US Imperialism 59 I. Capitulation to US Imperialism and the Domestic Ruling System 59 II. Abandonment of Revolutionary Struggle 67 On the Pretended Capture of Sumulong 77 On the Philippine Business for Social Progress 79 Cast Away the Labor Aristocrats! 83 Kidnapping and Murder of Carlos B. -
CHSA HP2010.Pdf
The Hawai‘i Chinese: Their Experience and Identity Over Two Centuries 2 0 1 0 CHINESE AMERICA History&Perspectives thej O u r n a l O f T HE C H I n E s E H I s T O r I C a l s OCIET y O f a m E r I C a Chinese America History and PersPectives the Journal of the chinese Historical society of america 2010 Special issUe The hawai‘i Chinese Chinese Historical society of america with UCLA asian american studies center Chinese America: History & Perspectives – The Journal of the Chinese Historical Society of America The Hawai‘i Chinese chinese Historical society of america museum & learning center 965 clay street san francisco, california 94108 chsa.org copyright © 2010 chinese Historical society of america. all rights reserved. copyright of individual articles remains with the author(s). design by side By side studios, san francisco. Permission is granted for reproducing up to fifty copies of any one article for educa- tional Use as defined by thed igital millennium copyright act. to order additional copies or inquire about large-order discounts, see order form at back or email [email protected]. articles appearing in this journal are indexed in Historical Abstracts and America: History and Life. about the cover image: Hawai‘i chinese student alliance. courtesy of douglas d. l. chong. Contents Preface v Franklin Ng introdUction 1 the Hawai‘i chinese: their experience and identity over two centuries David Y. H. Wu and Harry J. Lamley Hawai‘i’s nam long 13 their Background and identity as a Zhongshan subgroup Douglas D. -
0X0a I Don't Know Gregor Weichbrodt FROHMANN
0x0a I Don’t Know Gregor Weichbrodt FROHMANN I Don’t Know Gregor Weichbrodt 0x0a Contents I Don’t Know .................................................................4 About This Book .......................................................353 Imprint ........................................................................354 I Don’t Know I’m not well-versed in Literature. Sensibility – what is that? What in God’s name is An Afterword? I haven’t the faintest idea. And concerning Book design, I am fully ignorant. What is ‘A Slipcase’ supposed to mean again, and what the heck is Boriswood? The Canons of page construction – I don’t know what that is. I haven’t got a clue. How am I supposed to make sense of Traditional Chinese bookbinding, and what the hell is an Initial? Containers are a mystery to me. And what about A Post box, and what on earth is The Hollow Nickel Case? An Ammunition box – dunno. Couldn’t tell you. I’m not well-versed in Postal systems. And I don’t know what Bulk mail is or what is supposed to be special about A Catcher pouch. I don’t know what people mean by ‘Bags’. What’s the deal with The Arhuaca mochila, and what is the mystery about A Bin bag? Am I supposed to be familiar with A Carpet bag? How should I know? Cradleboard? Come again? Never heard of it. I have no idea. A Changing bag – never heard of it. I’ve never heard of Carriages. A Dogcart – what does that mean? A Ralli car? Doesn’t ring a bell. I have absolutely no idea. And what the hell is Tandem, and what is the deal with the Mail coach? 4 I don’t know the first thing about Postal system of the United Kingdom. -
Perpetual College Of
LEGAL PRECEPTS The Official Publication of the Univ ersity of Perpetual Help System DALTA College of Law Volume I Maiden Issue December 2011 MESSAGE ANTHONY JOSE M. TAMAYO EDITORIAL President 3 Significant Political Events in Retrospect 3 Setting the Pace It is with high esteem that I congratulate the College of OPINION Law for publishing the maiden issue of Legal Precepts, your official newsletter. I would like to commend the stu- 4 Are You A Legalese? dents behind the editorial board, for accepting the chal- 4 The Player In The Game Of Law lenge addressed by your Dean, Justice Minita Nazario, to resurrect your 5 Acknowledgement 6 Dean’s Corner: Foreword official publication. 7 Meditative Corner: A Promise Kept Legal Precepts, is an undeniable manifestation of the rich reservoir NEWS of journalistic talents of our law students. I enjoin all writers to live-up 8 Christmas Message to the challenge in the finest tradition of journalistic writing. May this 8 First Christmas Party Held in the maiden issue convey to your target readers the various issues that face College of Law your life as students, the field of law and society today. 9 Bar 2011 9 CLEC Revived I would like to congratulate the hardworking and talented writers FEATURE of this publication for managing to juggle your time for your academ- 10 The History of the UPHSD College of ics- the never-ending case assignments, nerve-racking recitations and the Law effort of submitting articles for this issue before the deadline. 12 The New Dean of the College of Law I do hope that the publication of Legal Precepts will serve as a mean- 14 The Associate Dean Justice Maria Cristina G. -
Nazi Party from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
Create account Log in Article Talk Read View source View history Nazi Party From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article is about the German Nazi Party that existed from 1920–1945. For the ideology, see Nazism. For other Nazi Parties, see Nazi Navigation Party (disambiguation). Main page The National Socialist German Workers' Party (German: Contents National Socialist German Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (help·info), abbreviated NSDAP), commonly known Featured content Workers' Party in English as the Nazi Party, was a political party in Germany between 1920 and 1945. Its Current events Nationalsozialistische Deutsche predecessor, the German Workers' Party (DAP), existed from 1919 to 1920. The term Nazi is Random article Arbeiterpartei German and stems from Nationalsozialist,[6] due to the pronunciation of Latin -tion- as -tsion- in Donate to Wikipedia German (rather than -shon- as it is in English), with German Z being pronounced as 'ts'. Interaction Help About Wikipedia Community portal Recent changes Leader Karl Harrer Contact page 1919–1920 Anton Drexler 1920–1921 Toolbox Adolf Hitler What links here 1921–1945 Related changes Martin Bormann 1945 Upload file Special pages Founded 1920 Permanent link Dissolved 1945 Page information Preceded by German Workers' Party (DAP) Data item Succeeded by None (banned) Cite this page Ideologies continued with neo-Nazism Print/export Headquarters Munich, Germany[1] Newspaper Völkischer Beobachter Create a book Youth wing Hitler Youth Download as PDF Paramilitary Sturmabteilung -
FILIPINA Vilizadc Ra Que En Todos Jos Continentes Realizan Jos Heraldos Del Evangelio
Ll'IS P. PELLICER lkp1·,.,,,,11tai;t .. ;.· Di~•,-ihuidor Exelm•iYo Apartado ~,)H:J. :\Ianila-Td. ;,_JI-fil Sintonic'.' todo~ los LUlll'~ con la Emi~11ra DZ:F:\I Fanw~a 11oche de Xovatos-Togo, Pogo, Patsy r ~go-Xgo a la~ 8:00 p.m. 1sem«n«i DfA MIS ION AL El domingo próxmo se celebra en todo el orbe católico el Día de las Misiones, consagrado a recordar la labor ci REVISTA ILUSTRADA· HISPANO-FILIPINA vilizadc ra que en todos Jos continentes realizan Jos heraldos del Evangelio. Realmente son dignos de ser recordados, ccn el más fer PUBLICADA CADA JUEVES POR LA voroso recuerdo, esos varones justo~ que dejando la tierra en que nacieron y todo el ccnjunto de afectos que ella guarda, consumen su juventud y su virilidad en tierras extrañas, muchas veces entre gentes hostiles, sólo para descubrirle51 Ja luz que trajo al mundo el Hijo de Dios. Son los misionercs Jos verdaderos héroes del mundo, los que mejor trabajan pcr el establecimiento de la paz anhelada por todos Jos pueblos, Director: Manuel López Floreis paz que no puede fundarse sino en el concepto de la herman dad real de todos los hombres, como descendientes de una REdacción y Administración sola pareja humana. AZCARRAGA 2109 MANILA Tel. 2-91-37 A ellos queremos rendir también nuestro homenaje, de un modo E'.-"Pecial a los hijos de Espafia que continúan reali (Rr.aistrado como corre.qpondencia de segunda clase, en las zando la empresa que ha sido propia de la nación española y Oficinas de Correos de Manila, el 13 de enero de 1949) le ha dado mayor gloria despertando en Jos diversos pueblos sentimientos de gratitud. -
Universal Crime, Particular Punishment: Trying the Atrocities of the Japanese Occupation As Treason in the Philippines, 1947–1953
Universal Crime, Particular Punishment: Trying the Atrocities of the Japanese Occupation as Treason in the Philippines, 1947–1953 Konrad M. Lawson RESÜMEE Nach dem Ende der japanischen Besatzung der Philippinen 1945 wurden dort Prozesse zur Verfolgung von Kriegsverbrechen und von Landesverrat initiiert. Während im ersten Fall eine universalistische Kategorie von Verbrechen zur Strafe stand, ging es im zweiten Fall meist um den Verrat an der Nation, die als Opfer definiert wurde. Im Januar 1948 erklärte Manuel Roxas eine Präsidialamnestie für alle des Landesverrats Beschuldigten mit Ausnahme von Kollabora- teuren aus dem Militär und der Polizei, Spionen, Informanten und gewalttätiger Verbrechen Beschuldigter. Die meisten der Fälle von Landesverrat, die diese Amnestie nicht umfasste, be- trafen Personen, die Formen von Gräuel begangen hatte, die in Prozessen gegen Japaner als Kriegsverbrechen eingestuft wurden. Dieser Artikel untersucht den Prozess der gerichtlichen Aufarbeitung von Gewaltverbrechen und sexueller Gewalt, meist begangen durch Kollabora- teure aus dem Militär und der Polizei, in den Philippinen nach 1945 gemäß dem Gesetz gegen Verrat. Im Mittelpunkt steht die Frage, inwiefern – ungeachtet der Tatsache, dass die Kriegs- verbrecherprozesse der frühen Nachkriegszeit den Erwartungen in vielerlei Form nicht ent- sprachen – die alternative Kategorisierung von Brutalität im Krieg als Landesverrat nicht auch hochproblematisch war. Introduction After the Second World War, prosecutors and judges of war crimes tribunals in Nurem- berg