Narcissism and the Strategic Pursuit of Short-Term Mating: Universal Links Across 11 World Regions of the International Sexuality Description Project-2

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Narcissism and the Strategic Pursuit of Short-Term Mating: Universal Links Across 11 World Regions of the International Sexuality Description Project-2 Psychological Topics, 26 (2017), 1, 89-137 Original Scientific Paper – UDC – 616.89-008.442.6 159.923.3.072 613.88 Narcissism and the Strategic Pursuit of Short-Term Mating: Universal Links across 11 World Regions of the International Sexuality Description Project-2 David P. Schmitt - Bradley University, USA, Lidia Alcalay - Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, Jüri Allik - University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia, I.C.B. Alves - Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Craig A. Anderson - Iowa State University, USA, A.L. Angelini - Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Jens B. Asendorpf - Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany, Ivars Austers - University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia, Isabel Balaguer - University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain, Américo Baptista - University of Lusofona-Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal, Sóley S. Bender - University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland, Kevin Bennett - Penn State University-Beaver, USA, Gabriel Bianchi - Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic, Behrooz Birashk - Faculty of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Tehran Psychiatric Institute, Tehran, Iran, April Bleske-Rechek - University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, USA, Fredrick A. Boholst - University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines, Lynda Boothroyd - University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, Teresa Borja - Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador, Arjan Bos - Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands, Edwin Brainerd - Clemson University, USA, David P. Schmitt, Department of Psychology, Bradley University, Peoria, IL 62625, USA until August of 2017. Afterward send correspondence to David P. Schmitt, Psychology Division, Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom. E-mail: [email protected] Data collection representing Costa Rica was from the University of Costa Rica and was supported by the University of Costa Rica Psychological Research Institute. 89 PSYCHOLOGICAL TOPICS, 26 (2017), 1, 89-137 Gary L. Brase - University of Missouri-Columbia, USA, José Brites - University of Lusofona-Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal, M. Burakova-Lorgnier - Aix Marseille University, LPS, Aix-en-Provence, France, Mark Byrd - University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, J.A. Camilleri - Queen's University, Kingston, Canada, Andrea Camperio Ciani - University of Padova, Padova, Italy, Leo Gerard A. Caral - University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines, Katherine B. Carnelley - University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, Marina Carvalho - University of Lusofona-Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal, Janette Casson - Brunel University, London, United Kingdom, Isabel Castillo - University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain, Alejandro Castro - University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Maria Martina Casullo - University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Valery I. Chirkov - University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada, Jean Choi - Seneca College, Toronto, Canada, Danielle Cohen - University of London, London, United Kingdom, Cecilie Amalie Collin-Hansen - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, Melissa A. Commisso - Northern Illinois University, USA, Elvira Consuegra - Universidad de los Andes, Colombia, Lorena Cordovez - Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador, Cem Safak Cukur - Mugla University, Mugla, Turkey, Mary Ann Borg Cunen - University of Malta, Msida, Malta, Michael Cunningham - University of Louisville, USA, Layton Seth Curl - Metropolitan State College of Denver, USA, Petra Daniel - Cyprus College, Nicosia, Cyprus, Jaap J.A. Denissen - Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany, Serge Desmarais - Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Eros DeSouza - Illinois State University, USA, Rolando Diaz-Loving - National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico, M. Shamsuddin Elias - National University, Gazipur, Bangladesh, Aukse Endriulaitiene - Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania, Ekin Eremsoy - Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey, 90 Schmitt; D.P., Alcalay, L., Allik, J., Alves, I.C.B., Anderson, C.A., Angelini, A.L., ... Zupančič, A.: Narcissism, Sexuality, and Culture Francisca Expósito - University of Granada, Granada, Spain, Ruth Falzon - University of Malta, Msida, Malta, Ana Maria Fernandez - Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile, Kumari Fernando - University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand, José H.B.P. Ferreira - Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Bernhard Fink - University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany, Maryanne Fisher - St. Mary's University, Halifax, Canada, Julie Fitness - Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia, Karissa Flowers - Baylor University, USA, David Frederick - Chapman University, USA, Sirpa Fry - Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland, Osamu Fukushima - Niigata University, Niigata, Japan, Stanley O. Gaines, Jr. - Brunel University, London, United Kingdom, Renee V. Galliher - Utah State University, USA, E. Gandari - Zimbabwe Open University, Harare, Zimbabwe, Glenn Geher - State University of New York at New Paltz, USA, Douglas A. Gentile - Iowa State University, USA, Jessica M. Geri - Lebanon Valley College, USA, V.N. Giri - Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Deborah Golden - University of Hawaii-Manoa, USA, Fiona Gordon - St. Mary's University, Halifax, Canada, Kristina C. Gordon - University of Tennessee, USA, Karl Grammer - University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, Liria Grimaldi - University of Catania, Catania, Italy, Stephen Giunta - Troy University, USA, Endre Hajdú - Cordelia Foundation, Debrecen, Hungary, Jamin Halberstadt - University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand, Gert Hald - University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark, Magdalena S. Halim - Indonesia Catholic University, Jakarta, Indonesia, Shamsul Haque - International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Siri Katinka Harlem - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, Krystle A. Hearns - State University of New York at New Paltz, USA, Patrick Heaven - University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia, 91 PSYCHOLOGICAL TOPICS, 26 (2017), 1, 89-137 Marie Helweg-Larsen - Dickinson College, USA, Eduardo Wills Herrera - Universidad de los Andes, Colombia, Dora Herrera - Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Peru, Janine Hertel - Technische Universität Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Germany, Heather Hoffmann - Knox College, USA, Henrik Høgh-Olesen - University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark, Barbara J. Houle - Riverland Community College, USA, Jasna Hudek-Knezevic - University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia, Jas Jaafar - University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Konstantinos Kafetsios - University of Crete, Rethymnon, Crete, Igor Kardum - University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia, Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, Brigitte Khoury - American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon, Tibor Kökény - University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, Silvia Koller - Illinois State University, USA, Solvina Konrads - University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland, John R. Kraft - Armstrong Atlantic State University, USA, Barry X. Kuhle - Lebanon Valley College, USA, Agota Kun - University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, Anton-Rupert Laireiter - University of Viena, Viena, Austria, Katalin Lányi - University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, Maryanne Lauri - University of Malta, Msida, Malta, Shiri Lavy - Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, Olufemi Adigun Lawal - University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria, Visvaldas Legkauskas - Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania, Chen Li - Taizhou Univeristy,Taizhou City, China, Hung-Yu Lin - National Dong-Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, Robert Lloyd - University of Minnesota-Duluth, USA, Kenneth D. Locke - University of Idaho, USA, Sylvie A. Lombardo - Oakland Unversity, USA, Ivan Luksik - Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic, Brian Lythe, University of Louisville, USA, Sonja Lyubomirsky - University of California-Riverside, USA, Sanna Malinen - University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, 92 Schmitt; D.P., Alcalay, L., Allik, J., Alves, I.C.B., Anderson, C.A., Angelini, A.L., ... Zupančič, A.: Narcissism, Sexuality, and Culture Heather J. Martin - Trinity Christian College, USA, Teresa-Anne B. Mashego - University of the North, Polokwane, South Africa, Michael E. Mills - Loyola Marymount University, USA, Mario Mikulincer - Interdisciplinary Center Herzlyia, Herzlyia, Israel, Imelu G. Mordeno - University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines, Miguel Moya - University of Granada, Granada, Spain, C. Ndeya-Ndereya - Zimbabwe Open University, Harare, Zimbabwe, Mark Nelissen - University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium, Franz J. Neyer - Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany, Helmuth Nyborg - University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark, V.B. Oliveira - Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Adrian Opre - Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Suzanne L. Osman - Salisbury University, USA, Delroy L. Paulhus - University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Boguslaw Pawlowski - University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland, Lars Penke - University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, Letitia Anne Peplau - University of California-Los Angeles, USA, Nebojsa Petrovic - University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia, Steven M. Platek - Drexel University, USA, Nuška Podobnik - University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Tünde Polonyi - University of Debrecen, Debrecen,
Recommended publications
  • 'Introspectionism' and the Mythical Origins of Scientific Psychology
    Consciousness and Cognition Consciousness and Cognition 15 (2006) 634–654 www.elsevier.com/locate/concog ‘Introspectionism’ and the mythical origins of scientific psychology Alan Costall Department of Psychology, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Hampshire PO1 2DY, UK Received 1 May 2006 Abstract According to the majority of the textbooks, the history of modern, scientific psychology can be tidily encapsulated in the following three stages. Scientific psychology began with a commitment to the study of mind, but based on the method of introspection. Watson rejected introspectionism as both unreliable and effete, and redefined psychology, instead, as the science of behaviour. The cognitive revolution, in turn, replaced the mind as the subject of study, and rejected both behaviourism and a reliance on introspection. This paper argues that all three stages of this history are largely mythical. Introspectionism was never a dominant movement within modern psychology, and the method of introspection never went away. Furthermore, this version of psychology’s history obscures some deep conceptual problems, not least surrounding the modern conception of ‘‘behaviour,’’ that continues to make the scientific study of consciousness seem so weird. Ó 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Keywords: Introspection; Introspectionism; Behaviourism; Dualism; Watson; Wundt 1. Introduction Probably the most immediate result of the acceptance of the behaviorist’s view will be the elimination of self-observation and of the introspective reports resulting from such a method. (Watson, 1913b, p. 428). The problem of consciousness occupies an analogous position for cognitive psychology as the prob- lem of language behavior does for behaviorism, namely, an unsolved anomaly within the domain of an approach.
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution of Human Mating: Trade-Offs and Strategic Pluralism
    BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES (2000) 23, 573–644 Printed in the United States of America The evolution of human mating: Trade-offs and strategic pluralism Steven W. Gangestad Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 [email protected] Jeffry A. Simpson Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 [email protected]. Abstract: During human evolutionary history, there were “trade-offs” between expending time and energy on child-rearing and mating, so both men and women evolved conditional mating strategies guided by cues signaling the circumstances. Many short-term matings might be successful for some men; others might try to find and keep a single mate, investing their effort in rearing her offspring. Recent evidence suggests that men with features signaling genetic benefits to offspring should be preferred by women as short-term mates, but there are trade-offs between a mate’s genetic fitness and his willingness to help in child-rearing. It is these circumstances and the cues that signal them that underlie the variation in short- and long-term mating strategies between and within the sexes. Keywords: conditional strategies; evolutionary psychology; fluctuating asymmetry; mating; reproductive strategies; sexual selection Research on interpersonal relationships, especially roman- attributes (e.g., physical attractiveness) tend to assume tic ones, has increased markedly in the last three decades greater importance in mating relationships than in other (see Berscheid & Reis 1998) across a variety of fields, in- types of relationships (Buss 1989; Gangestad & Buss 1993 cluding social psychology, anthropology, ethology, sociol- [see also Kenrick & Keefe: “Age Preferences in Mates Re- ogy, developmental psychology, and personology (Ber- flect Sex Differences in Human Reproductive Strategies” scheid 1994).
    [Show full text]
  • Narcissism and the Strategic Pursuit of Short-Term Mating: Universal Links Across 11 World Regions of the International Sexuality Description Project-2
    Psychological Topics, 26 (2017), 1, 89-137 Original Scientific Paper – UDC – 616.89-008.442.6 159.923.3.072 613.88 Narcissism and the Strategic Pursuit of Short-Term Mating: Universal Links across 11 World Regions of the International Sexuality Description Project-2 David P. Schmitt - Bradley University, USA, Lidia Alcalay - Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, Jüri Allik - University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia, I.C.B. Alves - Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Craig A. Anderson - Iowa State University, USA, A.L. Angelini - Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Jens B. Asendorpf - Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany, Ivars Austers - University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia, Isabel Balaguer - University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain, Américo Baptista - University of Lusofona-Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal, Sóley S. Bender - University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland, Kevin Bennett - Penn State University-Beaver, USA, Gabriel Bianchi - Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic, Behrooz Birashk - Faculty of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Tehran Psychiatric Institute, Tehran, Iran, April Bleske-Rechek - University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, USA, Fredrick A. Boholst - University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines, Lynda Boothroyd - University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, Teresa Borja - Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador, Arjan Bos - Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands, Edwin Brainerd - Clemson University, USA, David P. Schmitt, Department of Psychology, Bradley University, Peoria, IL 62625, USA until August of 2017. Afterward send correspondence to David P. Schmitt, Psychology Division, Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom. E-mail: [email protected] Data collection representing Costa Rica was from the University of Costa Rica and was supported by the University of Costa Rica Psychological Research Institute.
    [Show full text]
  • Cognitive Psychology
    Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 1997,4 (3), 342-349 T. V. Moore's (1939) Cognitive Psychology AIMEEM. SURPRENANT and IANNEATH Purdue University, WestLafayette, Indiana Thomas Verner Moore published a book called Cognitive Psychology in 1939,almost 30 years be­ fore Neisser's (1967) more familiar and far more influential work. Although it covers most of the stan­ dard topics found in current cognitive psychology textbooks, and even anticipated several current trends, Moore's text is not cited by any ofthe major histories of the "cognitive revolution" or any cur­ rent cognitive textbook. Weprovide a briefsketch of Moore's academic life and summarize several of his papers that are still cited. After describing the psychologies prevalent in 1939,we compare Moore's text with two contemporary works, Woodworth (1938) and McGeoch (1942). We conclude by com­ paring the older textwith Neisser's and by offering several reasons why the book is virtually unknown. Cognitive psychology differs from other areas of sci­ ner, 1985; Lachman, Lachman, & Butterfield, 1979) or entific psychology in that it loudly and proudly proclaims any ofthe current undergraduate cognitive textbooks cite to have arisen out ofa (largely bloodless) revolution. The the work. Neisser himselfwas unaware ofthe earlier vol­ very phrase "cognitive revolution" implies a fundamen­ ume until a few years after his version was published; in­ tal change in theories and research into human thought deed, his title might have been different ifhe had known and behavior and a complete overthrow of the previous about the earlier work (Neisser, personal communica­ way of thinking. As with most revolutions, the circum­ tion, June 1996).
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter Seven Functionalism: Development and Founding
    Chapter Seven Functionalism: Development and Founding PSY 495 History and Systems Dr. Rick Grieve Western Kentucky University Evolution Comes to America z Background – 1900: American psychology had taken on a life of its own z Functions of the mind z Individualism, inventiveness, and ingenuity z Herbert Spencer (1820(1820--1903)1903) – Kooky, but became a hero in America – Social Darwinism z Evolution and natural selection apply to the social realm Evolution Comes to America z Spencer argued that the development of all aspects of the universe follows evolutionary principles – Including human character and social institution z “survival of the fittest” – Those who are best adapted will be those most likely to survive and pass traits on to future generations – Only the best will survive – Leave people and organizations alone to develop themselves and society in their own ways • Those which cannot adapt are unfit for survival and should be allowed to perish • This way, society could eventually achieve perfection 1 Evolution Comes to America – Synthetic Philosophy z Knowledge and experience can be explained in terms of evolutionary principles z Principles of Psychology (1855) – Mind exists in its present form because of past and continuing efforts to adapt to various environments The Continuing Evolution of Machines z Henry Hollerith and the Punched Cards – Hollerith was an engineer who developed punched cards z Improve d the a bilitbility o f mac hines to process da ta – Radically altered info processing – Renewed hopes (and fears) that
    [Show full text]
  • Direct Perception (Michaels & Carello, 1981)
    Direct Perception Claire F Michaels LAKE FOREST COLLEGE Claudia Carello UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT PRENTICE-HALL, INC, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 07632 ii Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Michaels, Claire F. (1948) Direct perception. (Century psychology series) Bibliography: p. Includes index. 1. Perception. 2. Environmental psychology. I. Carello, Claudia, joint author. 11. Title. BF311.M496 153.7 80-28572 ISBN 0-13-214791-2 Editorial production/supervision and interior design by Edith Riker Manufacturing buyer Edmund W. Leone In Memory of JAMES JEROME GIBSON (1904-1979) CENTURY PSYCHOLOGY SERIES James J. Jenkins Walter Mischel Willard W. Hartup Editors ©1981 by Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J. 07632 Copyright tranferred to authors. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means without permission in writing from the authors. Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Prentice-Hall International, Inc., London Prentice-Hall of Australia Pty. Limited, Sydney Prentice-Hall of Canada, Ltd., Toronto Prentice-Hall of India Private Limited, New Delhi Prentice-HaH of Japan, Inc., Tokyo Prentice-Hall of Southeast Asia Pte. Ltd., Singapore Whitehall Books Limited, Wellington, New Zealand iii Contents Credits vi Preface vii 1 CONTRASTING VIEWS OF PERCEPTION 1 Indirect Perception: The Theory of Impoverished Input, 2 Direct Perception: The Ecological View, 9 Additional Contrasts, 13 Summary, 16 Overview of the Book, 17 iv 2 INFORMATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT 19 Invariants,
    [Show full text]
  • Points of View in the Modern History of Psychology
    Points of View in the Modern History of Psychology Edited by Claude E. Buxton Department of Psychology Yale University New Haven, Connecticut 1985 ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. (Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers) Orlando San Diego New York London Toronto Montreal Sydney Tokyo Passages from the following are reprinted by permission of the publishers: Newell, Α., Duncker on Thinking, in S. Koch & D. Leary (Eds.), A Century of Psychology as Science. Copyright 1985 by McGraw-Hill. Neisser, U., Cognitive Psychology. © 1967 by Prentice-Hall. COPYRIGHT © 1985 BY ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. NO PART OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRODUCED OR TRANSMITTED IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS, ELECTRONIC OR MECHANICAL, INCLUDING PHOTOCOPY, RECORDING, OR ANY INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM, WITHOUT PERMISSION IN WRITING FROM THE PUBLISHER. ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. Orlando, Florida 32887 United Kingdom Edition published by ACADEMIC PRESS INC. (LONDON) LTD. 24-28 Oval Road, London NW1 7DX LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING IN PUBLICATION DATA Main entry under title: Points of view in the modern history of psychology. Includes indexes. 1. Psychology— History. I. Buxton, Claude E. BF81.P57 1985 150\9 85-4010 ISBN 0-12-148510-2 (alk. paper) PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 85 86 87 88 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Contributors Numbers in parentheses indicate the pages on which the authors' contributions begin. Mitchell G. Ash (295), Department of History, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 William Bevan (259), John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, Chicago, Illinois 60603 Arthur L. Blumenthal (19, 51), Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02125 Claude E.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Psychology 4910
    1 Psychology 4910 – Chapter 10: The Psychology of Adaptation Heraclitus – World of Becoming – world that we see is in a constant state of chang - phusis (fundamental substance of matter) was fire Parmenides – World of Being – underlying permanent reality of the world was an unchanging substance Aristotle’s Scala Natura or Great Chain of Being + observations of fossils & different forms of life in foreign countries Lamarkian evolution theory - Vitalism – living things cannot be explained in purely mechanical terms because something immaterial distinguishes living from nonliving things - Vitalism – enabled living things to improve and perfect themselves over long periods of time. just as living organisms changed throughout life (e.g. grubs grew wings & became butterflies) – species could change over time idea of evolution Theory of evolution needs two principles: (1) Mechanism for change (2) Mechanism for preserving the changes that arise. Romantic (Lamarckian) Evolution Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744 – 1829) – taxonomist - living species have innate drive to perfect themselves - organisms adapt to their environment and change in the process inheritance of acquired characteristics Herbert Spencer – “survival of the fittest” (1852) Charles Darwin (1809 – 1882) - provided the mechanism for change in species: Natural selection - naturalist on board Beagle which sailed around the world - noticed the huge variety in living things - e.g. variety of finches on Galapagos Islands which differed slightly (e.g. in type of beak) depending on food
    [Show full text]
  • Psychology's Contribution to the Education of Children in Twentieth-Century North America
    THE EDUCATED SELF: PSYCHOLOGY'S CONTRIBUTION TO THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN IN TWENTIETH-CENTURY NORTH AMERICA by Ann-Marie Theresa McLellan B.A. (Honours), Psychology, Simon Fraser University, 1994 M.A., Psychology, Simon Fraser University, 1999 THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Faculty of Education © Ann-Marie Theresa McLellan SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY Summer 2008 All rights reserved. This work may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without permission of the author. APPROVAL Name: Ann-Marie Theresa McLellan Degree: Doctor of Philosophy Title of Thesis: The Educated Self: Psychology's Contribution to the Education of Children in Twentieth-Century North America Examining Committee: Chair: Dr. Rina Zazkis Dr. Jack Martin, Professor Senior Supervisor Dr. Jeff Sugarman, Associate Professor Committee Member Dr. Ann Chinnery, Assistant Professor Internal/External Examiner Dr. Tom Strong, Associate Professor, University of Calgary External Examiner Date Defended/Approved: ii SIMONUNIVERSITYFRASERII-brary DECLARATION OF PARTIAL COPYRIGHT LICENCE The author, whose copyright is declared on the title page of this work, has granted to Simon Fraser University the right to lend this thesis, project or extended essay to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users. The author has further granted permission to Simon Fraser University to keep or make a digital copy for use in its circulating collection, and, without changing the content, to translate the thesis/project or extended essays, if technically possible, to any medium or format for the purpose of preservation of the digital work.
    [Show full text]
  • Incredible Utility 1
    Incredible utility 1 Incredible utility: The lost causes and causal debris of psychological science John E. Richters Rockville, Maryland Direct correspondence to: John E. Richters 13200 Valley Drive Rockville, MD 20850 [email protected] Incredible utility 2 Abstract .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 The incredible utility of perpetual motion ................................................................................................................................ 4 Incredible utility thesis ................................................................................................................................................................ 4 The plumbing and wiring of individual differences methodology ........................................................................................ 6 Table 1. .............................................................................................................................................................................. 7 Individual-level theoretical models ................................................................................................................................. 11 Aggregate-level empirical models .................................................................................................................................. 12 The inferential passage from aggregates to individuals ..............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • How Integral Leaders Can Contribute to the Growth of Emerging Leaders Susan M
    Antioch University AURA - Antioch University Repository and Archive Student & Alumni Scholarship, including Dissertations & Theses Dissertations & Theses 2015 A Mixed Methods Perspective: How Integral Leaders Can Contribute to the Growth of Emerging Leaders Susan M. Hayes Antioch University - PhD Program in Leadership and Change Follow this and additional works at: http://aura.antioch.edu/etds Part of the Business Administration, Management, and Operations Commons, Developmental Psychology Commons, Industrial and Organizational Psychology Commons, Leadership Studies Commons, Management Sciences and Quantitative Methods Commons, Nonprofit Administration and Management Commons, and the Organizational Behavior and Theory Commons Recommended Citation Hayes, Susan M., "A Mixed Methods Perspective: How Integral Leaders Can Contribute to the Growth of Emerging Leaders" (2015). Dissertations & Theses. 232. http://aura.antioch.edu/etds/232 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Student & Alumni Scholarship, including Dissertations & Theses at AURA - Antioch University Repository and Archive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations & Theses by an authorized administrator of AURA - Antioch University Repository and Archive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. A MIXED METHODS PERSPECTIVE: HOW INTEGRAL LEADERS CAN CONTRIBUTE TO THE GROWTH OF EMERGING LEADERS SUSAN M. HAYES A DISSERTATION Submitted to the Ph.D. in Leadership and Change Program of Antioch University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy July, 2015 This is to certify that the Dissertation entitled: A MIXED METHODS PERSPECTIVE: HOW INTEGRAL LEADERS CAN CONTRIBUTE TO THE GROWTH OF EMERGING LEADERS prepared by Susan M. Hayes is approved in partial fulfillment of the regulations for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Leadership and Change.
    [Show full text]
  • The Case for Praxics Robert Epstein Northeastern University and Cambridge Center for Behavioral Studies
    The Behavior Analyst 1984, 7, 101-1 19 No. 2 (Fall) The Case for Praxics Robert Epstein Northeastern University and Cambridge Center for Behavioral Studies Since the early 1 900s a variety of names has been proposed for the scientific study ofbehavior, but none has come into general use. "Praxics," a recent entry, is defensible on several grounds. "Behaviorism," on the other hand, is the name of a school of philosophy. Though praxics has roots in behaviorism, the term "behaviorism" should not be applied to praxics. Confusion between the science and the philosophy has retarded the growth ofthe science immeasurably. Its growth has also been impeded by its association with psychology, which is still primarily the study of mind. Efforts are underway to establish praxics as an independent field. It was not a wholly TERMS satisfactory namefor afield. There have been several attempts to -B. F. Skinner (1979, p. 331), name the study of behavior in general on "the experimental analysis and the experimental analysis of behav- of behavior" ior in particular (Epstein, 1984a). Most ofthese efforts have failed. Two-"ethol- "Praxics"-a blend of "physics" and ogy" and "praxiology"-have been par- "praxis" (irpa&ts), the Greek for "action" tially successful in certain domains. or "behavior"-is a term I and others now use for the experimental analysis of behavior and related disciplines. We de- Ethology fine it as the study of behavior. We call The term "ethology" has two different, one who studies behavior a "praxist," though closely related, modem usages. It after "chemist." In this essay I present was defined by Lorenz and Tinbergen as (a) the case for the use of the terms, (b) the study of instinct (e.g., Tinbergen, the case for drawing a clear distinction 1951).
    [Show full text]