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Forschungen Zur Baltischen Geschichte

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Forschungen Zur Baltischen Geschichte FORSCHUNGEN ZUR BALTISCHEN GESCHICHTE 7 2012 Herausgegeben von Mati Laur und Karsten Brüggemann unter Mitwirkung von Anti Selart, Andris Levans und Konrad Maier in Verbindung mit Detlef Henning (Lüneburg), Carsten Jahnke (Kopenhagen), Juhan Kreem (Tallinn), Enn Küng (Tartu), Ilgvars Misāns (Riga), Evgenija Nazarova (Moskau), David J. Smith (Glasgow), Gvido Straube (Riga), Tõnu Tannberg (Tartu), Ülle Tarkiainen (Tartu), Matthias Thumser (Berlin), Ralph Tuchtenhagen (Berlin), Horst Wernicke (Greifswald), Seppo Zetterberg (Jyväskylä) Akadeemiline Ajalooselts Forschungen zur baltischen Geschichte - Bd. 7 hrsg. von Mati Laur und Karsten Brüggemann Tartu: Akadeemiline Ajalooselts, 2012 Redaktion und Drucklegung wurden gefördert durch die Wissenschaftsförderung der Republik Estland SF0180006s11 und SF0130038s09 die Akademische Historische Gesellschaft (Tartu) die Baltische Historische Kommission e.V. das Institut für Kultur und Geschichte der Deutschen in Nordosteuropa (Lüneburg) die Fakultät für Geschichte und Philosophie der Lettischen Universität in Riga und das Institut für Geschichte und Archäologie der Universität Tartu Redaktion: Institut für Geschichte und Archäologie der Universität Tartu Ülikooli 18, Tartu, Estland, EE-50090 [email protected] Manuskripte werden durch die Redaktion erbeten. Bestellungen können an die Redaktion oder an Dr. Konrad Maier, Nordost-Institut, Conventstraße 1, 21335 Lüneburg ([email protected]) gerichtet werden. Articles appearing in this journal are abstracted and indexed in Historical Abstracts and America: History and Life Umschlag: Irina Tammis Satz: Meelis Friedenthal ISSN 1736-4132 © Akadeemiline Ajalooselts, 2012 Alle Rechte vorbehalten Printed in Estonia INHALT Vorwort Ortsnamenkonkordanz Aufsätze Tiina Kala: Gab es eine „nationale Frage“ im mittelalterlichen 11 Reval? Dorothée Goetze: Ein Abenteurer des Dreißigjährigen Krie- 35 ges – Christian Dietrich von Czernichow und seine Diversions- pläne gegen die Insel Ösel 1645 und 1648 Enn Küng: Die Börse in Narva als Symbol ihrer Zeit 61 Ulrike Plath: Libertine Literatur und die „Erotik der Aufklä- 76 rung“ im Baltikum Kristi Kukk: Ein noch schwererer Fall von Amnesie? Die letti- 106 sche nationale Geschichtsschreibung vom 19. Jahrhundert bis zum Zweiten Weltkrieg in vergleichender Perspektive Irina Buša: Egill Skallagrimsson in der lettischen Geschichts- 120 schreibung Heidi Lepplaan: „Mein Haus, mein Land, mein Erb und Ei- 141 gen“: Deutsche Reaktionen auf das estnische Agrargesetz 1919 Mitteilungen Andris Levans: Der Herbst der lettischen Historie? Zum Ersten 169 Kongress der Historiker Lettlands 2011 Ulrike Plath: Neue Wege der baltischen Geschichtswissen- 177 schaft: Zur Gründung des Zentrums für Umweltgeschichte (KAJAK) in Tallinn Stefan Donecker, Stefan Ewert: Ostseeraum und Schwarz- 181 meergebiet im interregionalen Vergleich. Ein Tagungsbericht Carol Marmor: „Unser eigenes olympisches Spiel“? Anmer- 185 kungen zu einer estnischen Ausstellung zum 30. Jahrestag der Olympischen Segelwettkämpfe von 1980 3 Besprechungen Michael North: Geschichte der Ostsee. Handel und Kulturen 197 (von Marten Seppel) Andrejs Plakans: A Concise History of the Baltic States (von 200 Kristina Pauksens) ДЕНИС Г. ХРУСТАЛЁВ: Северные крестоносцы: Русь в борь- 206 бе за сферы влияния в Восточной Прибалтике XII‒XIII вв. [Die Kreuzfahrer des Nordens. Die Rus’ im Kampf um Einfl usssphären im östlichen Baltikum des 12.–13. Jahrhunderts] (von Andris Šnē) Ivar Leimus, Rein Loodus u.a.: Tallinna Suurgild ja gildi- 212 maja [Die Revaler Große Gilde und das Gildehaus] (von Anti Selart) Die baltischen Lande im Zeitalter der Reformation und 215 Konfessio nalisierung. Livland, Estland, Ösel, Ingermanland, Kurland und Lettgallen. Stadt, Land und Konfession 1500‒1721, 2. und 3. Teil (von Anti Selart) Ajalooarhiivi varasalvest. Dokumente Eesti ajaloost Rootsi 218 ja Vene ajal (17.–20. sajandi algul) [Aus der Fundgrube des Historischen Archivs. Dokumente über die estnische Geschichte aus der schwedischen und russischen Zeit (17. Jahrhundert bis Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts)] (von Liis Rannast-Kask) Россия и Балтия. Вып. 6. Диалог историков разных стран и 220 поколений [Russland und das Baltikum. H. 6: Der Dialog zwi- schen den Historikern verschiedener Länder und Generationen] (von Ago Pajur) Tõnu Tannberg: Eesti mees Vene kroonus. Uurimusi Baltikumi 224 ja Venemaa sõjaaja loost impeeriumi perioodil 1721–1917 [Der Este in der russischen Armee. Untersuchungen zur Militärgeschichte des Baltikums und Russlands in der imperialen Periode 1721– 1917] (von Toomas Karjahärm) Geisteswissenschaften und Publizistik im Baltikum des 19. und 231 frühen 20. Jahrhunderts (von Manfred von Boetticher) СВЕТЛАНА И. РЫЖАКОВА: Historica Lettica. Национальная исто- 234 рия и этни че ская идентич ность. О кон стру и ро ва нии и куль- тур ном ре фе ри ро ва нии прош лого латышей [Historica Lettica. Nationale Geschichte und ethnische Identität. Über die Konstruktion und das kulturelle Referieren der Vergangenheit der Letten] (von Mārtiņš Mintaurs) Balti biidermeier. Panoraame ja lähivaatlusi / Baltic Biedermeier. 240 Panoramas and Introspections (von Konrad Maier) 4 Jaanus Plaat, Arne Maasik: Õigeusu kirikud, kloostrid ja 244 kabelid Eestis / Православные церкви, монастыри и часов- ни в Эстонии / Orthodox Churches, Convents and Chapels in Estonia (von Karsten Brüggemann) МИХАИЛ ДОЛБИЛОВ, ДАРИУС СТАЛЮНАС: Обратная уния: из 247 истории отношений между католицизмом и православием в Российской империи 1840–1873 [A Reverse Union: An Episode from the History of the Relationship between Catholicism and Orthodoxy in the Russian Empire, 1840–1873] (von Irina Paert) Protokolle der Estländischen Ritterschaft 1914–1920 (von Mati 250 Laur) Umgesiedelt – Vertrieben. Deutschbalten und Polen 1939–1945 252 im Warthegau (von Karsten Brüggemann) Sven Jüngerkes: Deutsche Besatzungsverwaltung in Lettland 255 1941–1945. Eine Kommunikations- und Kulturgeschichte natio- nalsozialistischer Organisationen (von Toomas Hiio) Katrin Reichelt: Lettland unter deutscher Besatzung. Der 262 lettische Anteil am Holocaust (von Olaf Mertelsmann) Mūzika okupācijā. Latvijas mūzikas dzīve un jaunrade 1940–1945 266 [Die Musik in der Okkupation. Das musikalische Leben und Schaff en in Lettland 1940–1945] (von Kaspars Zellis) Alexander Statiev: Th e Soviet Counterinsurgency in the 270 Western Borderlands (von Kaarel Piirimäe) Прибалтийский национализм в документах НКВД, МВД и 276 МГБ СССР [Der baltische Nationalismus in den Dokumenten des NKVD, des MVD und des MGB der UdSSR] (von Tõnu Tannberg) Jānis Keruss, Ineta Lipša, Inese Runce, Kaspars Zellis: 280 Latvijas Universitātes Vēstures un fi lozofi jas fakultātes vēs- ture padomju laikā: personības, struktūras, idejas (1944–1991) [Die Geschichte der Historisch-Philosophischen Fakultät der Universität Lettlands in der Sowjetzeit: Persönlichkeiten, Strukturen, Ideen (1944–1991)] (von Kristine Wohlfart) Soldiers of Memory: World War II and Its Aftermath in 285 Estonian Post-Soviet Life Stories (von Uku Lember) Pēdējais karš: Atmiņa un traumas komunikācija [Der letzte Krieg: 290 Erinnerung und Kommunikation eines Traumas] (von Eva- Clarita Pettai) Vilnius. Geschichte und Gedächtnis einer Stadt zwischen den 295 Kulturen (von Linda Lainvoo) Uue Maailma lood [Die Geschichten aus der Uus Maailm (Neue 298 Welt)] (von Priit Raudkivi) 5 Liebe Leserinnen & Leser, unsere Zeitschrift hat nun das „verfl ixte“ siebte Jahr überstanden, aber damit ist diese Publikation immer noch kein Selbstläufer, im Gegen- teil. Projekte, die zu ihrer Finanzierung beitrugen, laufen aus, neue müs- sen beantragt werden. Dass man in der heutigen Wissenschaft nur für möglichst genial formulierte Pläne belohnt wird, selten aber für Ergeb- nisse, ist das eine. Das andere ist die Bewertungspraxis wissenschaftli- cher Arbeit, für die vor allem Journal-Publikationen zählen. Damit ge- hören theoretisch auch die „Forschungen“ zu diesem erlauchten Kreis, doch muss man sich den begehrten AAA-Status von der entscheidenden Rating-Agentur Th omson Reuters erst einmal bestätigen lassen. Aller- dings wird auf der Homepage dieser Firma der Eindruck erweckt, nicht- englischsprachige geisteswissenschaftliche Publikationen liefen bereits auf einer Exotenschiene: Es sei eine Eigenart derartiger Texte, heißt es hier, dass sie oft nicht auf Englisch verfasst seien und nicht-englischspra- chige quellen nutzten. Zudem zögen sie „non-journal sources“ in ihren – den üblichen Standards der Sozialwissenschaften nicht entsprechen- den – Anmerkungsapparat heran, zu denen eine erklärende Klammer freundlicherweise auch die Kategorie „books“ zählt.1 Nur der Vollstän- digkeit halber sei erwähnt, dass es um Inhalte schon gar nicht mehr geht. In der Tat, wir nutzen noch Bücher, so unglaublich es klingen mag, wir widmen ihnen sogar einen Großteil unserer Zeitschrift, indem wir zahlreiche Rezensionen dieser off ensichtlich mittlerweile so exotischen Publikationsform veröff entlichen (die wiederum als Journal-Artikel ge- wertet werden…). Aber es stellt sich angesichts der allgemeinen Ökono- misierung der Wissenschaft durchaus die Frage, wie lange es noch wis- senschaftliche Monografi en geben wird. An estnischen Universitäten reichen mittlerweile schon drei in hoch gerankten Zeitschriften platzier- te Artikel sowie eine 30-seitige Einleitung zur Verleihung der Doktor- würde; wer eine Monografi e einreicht, hat seine qualifi kation zusätz- lich durch drei Artikel nachzuweisen. Der wissenschaftliche Nachwuchs wird es daher nicht mehr sein, der sich in der Zukunft der Mühe un-
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