2558 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 13, 1979 MAN, Ms. HOLTZMAN, Mr. PEPPElt, Mr. GEP­ of Missouri, Mr. RICHMOND, Mr. BONIOR O! DONNELLY, Mr. DoRNAN, Mr. DOUGHERTY, Mr. HARDT, Mr. HOWARD , Mr. STARK , Mr. DORNAN , Michigan, Mr. BURGENER , Mr. LEHMAN, Mr. GOLDWATER, Mr. GRISHAM, Mr. GUYER, Mr. Mr. LUKEN, Mr. CHARLES WILSON Of Texas, MURPHY of Pennsylvania, Mr. BEVILL, Mr. HALL of Texas, Mr. HYDE, Mr. LOTT, Mr. Mr. LEDERER, Mr. LONG of Maryland, Mr. LUN­ MADIGAN, Mr. VENTO, Mr. HOLLENBECK, Mr. LUKEN, Mr. MARTIN, Mr. MOAKLEY, Mr. MONT­ DINE , Mr. AKAKA, Mr. RODINO , Mr. CLEVELAND, LAGOMARSINO, Mr. DIGGS, Mr. WILLIAMS O! GOMERY , Mr. ROBERTS, Mr. Russo, Mr. Rous­ Mr. DUNCAN of Tennessee, and Mr. RosE. Montana, Mr. PEPPER. Mr. FORD of Michigan, SELOT, Mr. SHUMWAY, Mrs. SPELLMAN, Mr. H.R. 1600: Mr. WHITEHURST, Mr. LAGOMAR­ Mr. MITCHELL of New York, Mr. GUYER , Mr. STOCKMAN, Mr. SYMMS, Mr. WALKER, Mr. SINO, Mr. RAHALL, Mr. WALKER, Mr. DAN­ MCCLOSKEY, Mr. RANGEL , Mr. WEISS, Mr. SI­ WHITEHURST, Mr. WYLIE, and Mr. ZEFERETTI. NEMEYER , Mr. ABDNOR, Mr. CONTE, Mr. HYDE , MON, Mr. FLOOD, Mr. LUKEN, Mr. GREEN, Mr. H. Res. 34: Mr. BUCHANAN, Mr. CAVANAUGH, Mr. ERTEL , Mr. SENSENBRENNER , Mr. HOWARD , OTTINGER, Mr. MOFFETT, Mr. DAVIS Of Michi­ Mr. CLINGER, Mr. CONTE , Mr. DIXON, Mr. DOR­ Mr. SEBELIUS , Mr. LLO YD, Mr. LOTT , Mr. KIND­ gan, Mr. HUGHES, Mrs. SPELLMAN, Mr. CARR, NAN, Mr. EDWARDS of Oklahoma, Mr. EVANS of NESS, Mr. MURPHY of Pennsylvania, Mr. BUR­ Mr. WINN, Mr. BLANCHARD, Mr. SCHEUER, Mr. Georgia, Mr. FINDLEY, Mr. GUARINI, Mr. HOL­ GEN ER, Mr. ROBINSON, Mr. WATKINS , Mr. SEIBERLING, Mr. BUCHANAN, Mr. DOWNEY, LENBECK, Mr. HUGHES , Mr. JOHNSON of Colo­ CHAPPELL, Mr. McCLORY , Mr. DAVIs of Mich­ and Mr. RAHALL. RADO , Mr. KOGOVSEK, Mr. LENT , Mr. LUKEN, igan, Mr. LEDERER, Mr. BADHAM , Mr. SOLOMON , H.J. Res 167: Mr. AKAKA, Mr ANDERSON Mr. MATSUI, Mr. MAZZOLI, Mr. MONTGOMERY, Mr. WINN, Mr. RosE, Mr. GUYER , Mr. WAMP­ of California, Mr. BINGHAM, Mr. BONIOR O! Mr. MURPHY of Pennsylvania, Mr. RAHALL, LER, Mr. CoLLINS of Texas, Mr. MATHIS, Mr. Michigan, Mrs. BOUQUARD, Mr. BREAUX, Mr. Mr. RATCHFORD , Mr. ROE , Mr. SANTINI, Mr. GARCIA, Mr. YOUNG Of Alaska, Mr. EDWARDS of CHAPPELL, Mr. CLEVELAND, Mr. CONTE, Mr. SIMON, Mr. SPENCE, Mr. WHITEHURST , Mr. Oklahoma, Mr. ZEFERETTI, Mr. GUDGER, Mr. DODD , Mr. DORNAN, Mr. DOWNEY, Mr. DUNCAN WoLPE, and Mr. McCORMACK . STANGELAND , Mr. WALGREN, Mr. ANDREWS of of Oregon, Mr. EDGAR, Mr. FAZIO, Mr. FOLEY, H. Res. 107: Mr. BUCHANAN, Mr. CONTE, North Dakota, and Mr. HAGEDORN . Mr. GLICKMAN, Mr. GOODLING, Mr. GRAY, Mr. FOWLER, Mr. GORE, Mr. MARLENEE , Mr. H.R. 1735: Mr. MOAKLEY , Mr. BoNIOR of Mr. JENRETTE, Mr. MADIGAN, Mr. MAGUIRE, RAHALL, and Mr. STANGELAND. Michigan, Mr. LEDERER, Mr. WHITEHURST, Mr. Mr. MARTIN, Mr. MILLER Of Ohio, Mr. MINETA, BINGHAM, Mr. SOLARZ, Mr. ADDABBO , Mr. RICH­ Mr. MITCHELL of New York, Mr. MYERS Of MOND , Mr. LAFALCE , Mr. BEARD of Rhode Is­ Indiana, Mr. 0BERSTAR, Mr. PANETTA, Mr. PETITIONS, ETC. land, Mr. DRINAN, Mr. COTTER , Mr. SCHEUER, PRICE, Mr. RANGEL, Mr. ROBERTS, Mr. ROSE, Under clause 1 of rule XXII, Mr. OTTINGER, and Mr. MOFFETT. Mr. SHANNON, Mr. SOLARZ, Mr. STOKES, Mr. H.R. 1739: Mr. CHARLES WILSON of Texas. VAN DEERLIN, Mr. WAXMAN, and Mr. 53. The SPEAKER presented a petition of H.R. 1986: Mr. FISHER. ZEFERETTI. the city council, Boston, Mass., relative to H.R. 2036: Mr. MITCHELL of Maryland; Mr. the allocation from the 1979-80 Community HYDE, Mr. CONTE , Mr. MOAKLEY, Mr. AKAKA, H.J. Res. 74; Mr. APPLEGATE , Mr. BADHAM , Development Block Grant Funds for a new Mr. MILLER of California, Mr. LAFALCE, Mr. Mr. BAFALIS, Mr. BURGENER, Mr. CHAPPELL, Federal building in the city of Boston, which ERDAHL, Mr. CORRADA, Mr. FORSYTHE, Mrs. Mr. CoLEMAN, Mr. CoLLINS of Texas, Mr. was referred to the Committee on Govern­ FENWICK, Mr. KILDEE , Mr. WOLFF, Mr. YOUNG DAN DANIEL, Mr. DERWINSKI, Mr. DEVINE, Mr. ment Operations. EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

THADDEUS KOSCIUSZKO land, he used to help found a school for heroes. Because he loved freedom for all freed black people that was one of the regardless of class or race, his heart is first of its kind. buried where he spent the last days of HON. JOHN G. FARY Kosciuszko used the experience he had his life, in free Switzerland. We can re­ OF ILLINOIS gained in America when he returned to member him with respect and allow that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Poland in 1784. He worked for reform in memory, of Thaddeus Kosciuszko and of Tuesday, February 13, 1979 his homeland which resulted in the con­ our American Founding Fathers. to in­ stitution of May 3d, 1791. With some spire us to work toward and pray for • Mr. FARY. Mr. Speaker, distinguished similarities to the American Constitu­ liberty for all men.e colleagues, today is the 233d anniversary tion, Poland's established a constitu­ of the birthday of a Polish patriot who tional monarchy, granted tradespeople fought for liberty in America, Thaddeus THE 61ST ANNIVERSARY OF LITH­ equal rights with the nobility, and im­ Kosciuszko. His commitment to the ideals UANIAN INDEPENDENCE proved the condition of the serfs. How­ of freedom and liberty brought him to ever, in 1793, Poland was partitioned by this country. The enthusiasm he ~ound Russia, Prussia, and Austria. HON. WILLIAM M. BRODHEAD here for those same ideals, inspire him OF MICHIGAN to return to Poland where he led a up­ With his mind, as always, full of the rising against the partitioning of his wn ideas of freedom and equality for all IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES men, Thaddeus Kosciuszko initiated a country by Russia, Prussia, and Austria. Tuesday, February 13, 1979 revolt against Russian domination on Kosciuszko was born on February 12, March 24, 1794, with the following words: o Mr. BRODHEAD. Mr. Speaker, on 1746. He graduated from the Royal Mili­ In the presence of God, and in the presence February 16, we commemorate an im­ tary School in Warsaw with a degree in of the whole of mankind, and more par­ portant day for all freedom-loving military engineering having specialized ticularly before you, Na1tions, in which free­ people: The 61st anniversary of the in fortifications. After continuing his dom is treasured above all earthly goods, Declaration of Independence of Lith­ studies in Paris, he heard of the begin­ I declare that, exerting our indisputable uania. I am happy to join with those ning of the Revolutionary W a r and de­ right t o resist tyranny and armed oppression, of Lithuanian origin in celebrating this cided to join the Americans. To the cause we join our forces as brothers and fellow citizens, inhabit ants of one country, sons significant occasion. of American Independence, he contrib­ of one Mot herland and swearing t o one an­ The struggle for Lithuanian freedom uted both his talents as a military engi­ other to spare no sacrifices and to use every has been long and difficult. Years after neer and his enthusiasm for liberty for means wit h which only t he holy love of declaring its independence and taking its a ll men. freedom can supply those who rise in despair place among the nations of the world, As an engineer, Kosciuszko helped to t o defend her... . The liberation of Poland Lithuania was invaded in 1940 by the fortify Philadelphia and, when his tal­ from the army of oppression. t he restoration and security of her whole boundaries, the Soviet Union, an ally of Nazi Germany ents were recognized by the American suppression of all tyranny and usurpation, at the time. After World War II, the generals, built fortifications along the foreign and domestic. the es h bl iF< hm ~ nt of Soviets refused to restore independence Hudson River, at Saratoga, and at West n ational liberty and the independence of the to Lithuania and the other Baltic States. Point. The latter stands as a lasting me­ Republic-th at is t he sacred aim of our up­ In spite of these setbacks, courageous morial to his genius. He was also a val­ rising. Lithuanians continue their quest for iant soldier and, after the war, was made Kosciuszko was imprisoned by the Rus­ freedom. The Nobel prize-winning a brigadier genera l by Congress, given a sians and subsequently released but was human rights organization, Amnesty la r ge piece of land in Ohio and his back never a llowed to return to his homeland. International, reports that Lithuanian pay, which amounted to about $12,000. Todav, Thaddeus Kosciuszko lies bur­ citizens are currently being imprisoned This, and the funds from the sale of his ied in Krakow among Polish kings and for such so-called "crimes" as expressing

• This " bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions w hich are not spoken by the Member on the floor. February 13, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2559 nationalist sentiments in books and 3. Authorizations. by their senior citizen organization, to leaflets. The Soviet Union has blatantly To support these SBA activities, the fol­ spend 2 weeks in Washington. While in and consistently disregarded its obliga­ lowing amounts are authorized to be ap­ propriated: 1979 $1.635 bilUon, 1980 $1.616 Washington, the two seniors from our tions to the people of Lithuania under b1ll1on, 1981 $1.789 b1ll1on, 1982 $1.943 b11- area will join other senior interns from international agreements it has ap­ 11on. around the country, learning about Fed­ proved, including the United Nations 4. Disaster loan interest rates (Section eral programs and policies affecting all Charter, the Universal Declaration of 113). For disasters occurring between Octo­ older Americans. The program also en­ Human Rights, and the Helsinki Final ber 1, 1978 and October 1, 1982 ables me to work closely with our senior Act. A. Homeowner, 3 % for first $55,000. Aver­ citizen representatives and gain from The people of Lithuania and other age cost of money to government (currently 7%% ) on amounts above $55,000. them an even deeper awareness of their captive nations have, in a sense, been B. Other, 5% on first $250,000. Average special concerns. bearing a burden for those of us fortu­ cost of money to government on amounts Every senior citizen club in the Fifth nate enough to live in the free world. above $250,000. Congressional District is invited to nom­ By their courage, perseverance and great 5. Small Business Indicative Data Base inate one or two persons, regardless of sacrifices, they have helped all of us to (Sections 101- 102). sex, who have been active members of understand how precious freedom is. Direct SBA to compile a listing of small their group and who would be interested They have earned our lasting gratitude businesses so that SBA can inform them of possible sources of Federal assistance or in serving as senior citizen interns rep­ as well as our prayers and support.• exporting opportunities. resenting our district. All members of TITLE II-SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT senior citizen clubs and organizations OMNIBUS SMALL BUSINESS BILL CENTERS are eligible to be nominated.· The b111 extends through fiscal year 1982 The recommendations of the senior the pilot program authorizing comprehen­ citizen organizations will be referred to HON. NEAL SMITH sive small business development centers to an impartial panel of judges consisting OF IOWA provide management and technical assist­ of active senior citizen leaders in our IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ance to small business. The program Is pat­ area, which will select the two senior Tuesday, February 13, 1979 terned after the successful agricultural ex­ citizen interns. Those selected will spend tension service and when fully implemented · 2 weeks in Washington, D.C., from May • Mr. SMITH of Iowa. Mr. Speaker, this in the mid-1980's is expected to be funded at 7 through May 18. They must be pre­ morning I have submitted a list of an ad­ $75 million. State plans for the centers are pared to pay their own room and board ditional 50 Members of the House who to be developed, but are not limited to uni­ versity participation. Grants will be on a while in Washington, as well as their are cosponsoring H.R. 90, the 1979 om­ matching 50/ 50, Federal/ private funding transportation expenses, as checks will nibus small business bill. This brings the formula based on the percentage of popula­ not be issued to them until sometime in total number of cosponsors of this meas­ t ion served by each center. Grants may be early June. ure to 136. made directly to each applicant. Each ap­ While in Washington, the senior citi­ For the benefit of my colleagues who plicant must qualify under the SBA ap~ have not had an opportunity to examine proved State plan. A National Small Busi­ zen interns will maintain an active this bill in detail, I am attaching a sum­ ness Development CellJter Advisory Board schedule of morning and afternoon ses­ mary of its major provisions. Th"" r,om­ will be appointed by the Administrator of sions with White House, departmental, mittee will be acting upon the bill this SBA to evaluate the CBDC program. The agency, and congressional leaders, month and I urge all of my colleagues bill authorizes $8.65 million for fiscal year learning the "nuts and bolts" of Federal to examine it and to support it and to 1979, $18.65 million for fiscal 1980, $20.65 mil­ programs affecting the elderly. I will lion for- fiscal year 1981 and $22.65 million benefit from their insight into the ef­ show their support by cosponsoring this for fiscal year 1982. rna ior small business bill. TITLE III-WHITE HOUSE CONFERENCE ON SMALL fectiveness of these programs and, after The summary of the bill follows: BUSINESS their internship, the interns will return HIGHLIGHTS OF H.R. 90, OMNIBUS SMALL BUSI­ Sets up a framework for a White House to the fabulous fifth to share their new­ NESS BILL AND AUTHORIZATIONS THROUGH Conference on Small Business to be held by ly acquired knowledge with members of FISCAL YEAR 1982 June, 1980. The White House Conference w111 their own, and other, senior citizen TITLE I. PROGRAM FUNDING AND AMENDMENTS be preceded by state and regional small bust­ groups. 1. (Sections 101 and 102) Authorizes funds ness meetings to include all inter·ested small and sets maximum program levels for all business concerns. $5 m1111on is authorized Nomination forms for the senior citi­ SBA programs, inclltding the new solar loan for the Conference.e zen intern program have been dis­ program, through Fiscal Year 1982: tributed to all senior citizen clubs and [In millions of dollars) organizations in the fabulous fifth. All WYDLER SPONSORS SENIOR CITI­ nominations must be in my office at 150 ZEN INTERN PROGRAM Old Country Road, Mineola, N.Y., by 1979 I 1980 1981 1982 Thursday, March 22, as the judges are Direct loans______657 695 764 840 scheduled to make their selections short­ Guaranteed loans ______3, 754 4,114 4, 530 4, 978 HON. JOHN· W. WYDLER ly thereafter. Nonphysical disaster loans._ ___ 330 220 242 267 OF NEW YORK Surety bond guarantees . ______2, 200 2, 700 3, 500 4, 000 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The senior citizen intern program has Pollution control bonds ______300 100 110 125 proven to be of real value to our con­ Tuesday, February 13, 1979 gressional district and I hope that every t Existing law and basically unchanged in this bill. • Mr. WYDLER. Mr. Speaker, once senior citizen organization in the dis­ 2. SBA Salaries and expenses (Sections 101 again, I am sponsoring my senior citi­ trict will participate in this very worth­ and 102). zen intern program for older Americans while program.• Authorizes salary and expense amounts in our fabulous Fifth Congressional Dis~ through Fi~'cal Year 1982 and "earmarks" cer­ trict. FUTURE FARMERS OF AMERICA tain of these amounts: Anyone involved in senior citizen af­ fairs is painfully aware of the impact of [In millions of dollars) Federal policies and legislation on the HON. WILLIAM H. NATCHER lives of our older Americans. Because OF KENTUCKY 1979 1980 1981 1982 of constant changes in these policies and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES laws, I have found it extremely help­ Procurement_------_____ 17.0 18.7 20. 6 Tuesday, February 13, 1979 Management and technical as- 22.6 ful-to me and to the senior citizens sistance. __ ------____ 25.6 29.4 33. 0 36. 1 of our area-to provide this senior citi­ • Mr. NATCHER. Mr. Speaker, the week Research and advocacy ______2. 3 Minority enterprise. ______2. 5 2. 8 3.1 zen intern program as an open line of of February 17 through 24 will be cele­ Data management______17.0 17.2 17.4 17.6 4. 5 7. 4 8. 0 9. 2 communication between the Federal brated as National Future Farmers of Small business development Government and our senior citizens. America Week. The theme of this cele­ 18.0 20. 0 22. 0 Ot~~~~~r~ : :::: ::::: : : :::::::: 12~: 2 138.8 My senior citizen intern program is bration is "FFA-A Golden Past--A 152.2 167. 4 designed to enable two residents from Brighter Future," a well chosen and TotaL ______...... 200. 0 232.0 254. 0 278.0 within the fabulous fifth, who are 65 timely theme. years of age or older and are nominated The future of farming became ana- CXXV--161-Part 2 2560 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 13, 1979 tiona! issue last year, and rightly so. Then before we get down to the big task Defamation League's Communication Agriculture is basic to the stability of our ahead Award, and Sigma Delta Chi Los Angeles regional edition more equitable. vice of one of the finest leaders and of Heritage (Southwest Jewish Press) On February 1, 1979, I reintroduced spokesmen for the Alabama League of published and edited by Herb Brin. This the Fair Labor Standards Amendments Aging Citizens. As president of the happy anniversary will also be celebrated of 1979. This bill- Alabama Pension Foundation. Mr. Gor­ by the paper's three sister editions which Raises the premium rate for work in don provided outstanding leadership serve San Diego, Orange County, and excess of 40 hours, or overtime work, within the senior citizens' community in central California. from time-and-a-half to double-time; the battle for better health programs, Inscribed above the masthead of Heri­ Requires employers to obtain the con­ better mental health facilities, adequate tage are the words "Justice, Justice Shalt sent of employees in scheduling over­ housing, and recreational programs to Thou Pursue * * * .'' In following this time; serve the elderly in Alabama. His promi­ Biblical injunction, Heritage harks back Reduces by stages the standard work­ nent role in improving the health, wel­ to earlier and tougher American jour­ week from 40 to 35 hours over a 4-year fare, and lives of senior citizens will nalism when an editor imprinted his personality on every page of his jour­ period; serve as a lasting memorial to his life'~ Maintains in force for their duration work. The contributions of Mr. Gordon nal. The personality and character of Heritage is that of Herb Brin, who gradu­ existing collective bargaining agree­ have been summarized succinctly and ments, and provides for adjustments in concisely in the following poem entitled, ated from the rough and tumble school of Chicago journalism to become one of income standards through the bargain­ "An Everlasting Tribute," written by Mr. ing process; and Rubin Morris Hanan. the most honored Jewish newspapermen Mr. Speaker, I include the tribute to in our country. Under his guidance, Her­ Empowers the Secretary of Labor to Wiley P. Gordon with my remarks: itage has ranged the world to cover the waive the overtime consent provision in triumphs and tragedies of the Jewish cases of demonstrable economic emer­ AN EvERLASTING TRIBUTE, HON. WILEY P. gency. GORDON, ONEONTA, ALA. people, from Israel and behind the Iron Curtain, from Tehran and from Madrid. More than 40 years have passed since Did someone say 'new beginning'? While Heritage's first responsibility is And should it end in the first inning the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, For one so devoted, so loyal, so true to the Jewish community, it is not an which established the 40-hour week and Who seemed always to know when and just ethnocentric journal. Herb Brin's burn­ the overtime rate of pay. Though the what to do; ing sense of justice extends to perse­ major rationale of the overtime provi­ One who arduously worked most unceasingly cuted and disadvantaged people of any sion was to spur new employment, the For his beloved State of Alabama origin in America and in the rest of the provision has proved ineffectual, as the And the sick, the mai·med and the poor world. costs to employers of hiring, training, elderly? and paying the fringe benefits of new Did this slogan we heard represent a new Heritage may well boast of its quality, era having won many awards for journaliStic workers have overtaken the cost of pay­ That we were expected to toast with Cham­ excellence, which include the coveted ing out premium rates for overtime. In pagne and Madeira, Smolar Award

Holiday and vacations no substitute for According .to the Joint Economic Commit­ costs the federal government roughly $17 the shorter work week. Every union member tee of Congress, "Every percentage point in billion in lost taxes and extra costs assocla ted considers it important to fight for and win the unemployment costs the U.S. Tre·asur-y with unemployment benefits and welfare improvements in holidays, vacations and paid an estimated $17 billion-$12 billion in lost spending. leaves of absence. But as the experience of tax revenues and $5 billion in food stamps, The greatest benefit would be to the un­ postwar negotiations has demonstrated, these unemployment insurance, and other support employed-blacks, other minorities and holiday and vacation improvements have programs." (1976 Joint Economic Report) whites, teenagers and women who would be added few jobs and are not a substitute for This cost per unemployed worker amounts salvaged from the dust heap to which the the shorter work week. to $18,279 dollars. Again far more :than the employers have consigned them. Employ­ A study published in the August 1976 is­ cost of putting an unemployed worker back ment at union wages would reduce alcohol­ sue of the U.S. Dept. of Labor's Monthly La­ to work as a result of the shorter work week. ism, and drug addiction, prevent premature bor Review states that there was "a decline The "human" costs of unemployment deaths, help overcome the crime wave, slash from 58.4 hours a week in 1901 to 42.0 hours the prison population, thus freeing the bil­ in 1948, and little or no change since." After The cost of unemployment extends beyond lions of dollars the government spends coping adjustments in average weekly hours for the the financial loss to the unemployed, the loss with these social evils for badly underfunded growth in vacations and holidays, the work to the nation as a whole measured in terms of housing, education, health and mass transit week declined to 0.7 hours, from 41.6 hours a diminished output of goods and services. programs. in 1948 to 40.9 hours in 1975, creating few Unemployment also creates stressful situa­ The shorter work week is good for the em­ tions for laid-off workers and their families­ jobs.1 ployed. Full employment is good for orga­ and stress has long been known as a major Some unions, of course, will do better than nizing, it gives workers the spirit to fight contributor to a variety of physical and men­ against employer excesses such as speedup the average. The UAW-Auto "Scheduled Paid tal illnesses. Personal Holiday Plan" calls for a total of 12 and rate cutting. lA study prepared for the Joint Economic It is good for family life. At one time the additional paid holidays off distributed dur­ Committee of Congress analyzed medical data ing the second and third years of the contract work of one breadwinner in a family was covering a 35 year period in order to isolate expected to support the family. Now the hus­ UAW leaders say that when effective, it will the incidence of stress-caused physical and increase the auto work force 2.5 percent the band and wife must work to keep the family mental illness attributable to unemploy­ going. Where 40 hours a week was needed in first year plus 3.5 percent the second year. ment.2 The increase in jobs of over 6 percent is still a family, 80 hours a week is now necessary. From this medical data the study works up Counting the time travelling to and from considerably less than the 14.5 percent job the "human" costs of unemployment. The increase resulting from the 35-hour week. work, about an hour per day for each, brings following table shows the increase in illness the family work week to 100 hours. Shorten­ THE ECONOMIC COSTS OF UNEMPLOYMENT and social pathology arising from a one per­ ing the work week enables parents to spend High unemployment levies heavy costs, but cent increase in unemployment. more time with their children, provides addi­ some of the heaviest cost of all, the suffer­ Physical and mental illness or indicators of tional time for shopping, cooking, and other ing and mental anguish of jobless workers mental illness and increase resulting from household chores, therefore strengthening cannot even be measured. What cost can one a one percent change in unemployment family life.e assess to the hopelessness of millions of [In percent] young workers who despair of finding a job Suicide------4. 1 at a living wage; or to the desperation of State Mental Hospital Admissions ______3. 4 LINER SHIPPING IMPROVEMENT jobless workers and their families forced ;to ACT live on government welfare handouts in rat­ Males ------4. 3 infested slums, their children handicapped Females ------2. 3 Homicide ------5. 7 educationally by inferior slum schools. State Prison Admissions ______4. 0 HON'. MARIO BIAGGI But dollars-and-cents costs can be ·ascribed Death from Cirrhosis of the Liver ___ _ 1. 9 OF NEW YORK to the lost production arising from unem­ Death from Cardiovascular Renal Dis- ployment, the loss to the government in tax IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES revenues and added unemployment com­ Totalease Death ------______1.91.9 Tuesday, February 13, 1979 pensation and welfare payments, and to the unemployment-related increase in deaths, The author of the study notes that the e> Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, I introduce physical and mental illnesses, alcoholism findings merely scratched the surface because today the "Liner Shipping Improvement and drug addiction and crime. of the limited data. For example, he had no Act of 1979." This bill is designed to Unemployment-related production losses way of determining . the increase in cases of create more equitable competitive condi­ cirrhosis and cardiovascular disease that did tions in our Nation's liner shipping According to the Joint Economic Commit­ not result in deaths. In addition, many other tee of Congress: maladies are equally stress-related but in­ industry, by increasing the responsive­ "Over the period 1970-1976, inclusive, the sufficient data prevents calculation of how ness of all carriers. total of annual unemployment shows that unemployment effects them. There is wide recognition of the need the economy lost about 38 milli"'n man years A momentary value can be attached to the to modernize the maritime policy gov­ of potential employment. That figure does "human costs" of this aspect of unemuloy­ erning the transport of our liner im­ not count the additional mi!.. ons of dis­ ment. Illness and death reduce the ability ports and exports. This bill will achieve couraged workers who dropped out of the of our nation to produce goods and services. three fundamental improvements in that labor force because of the absence of job There are costs associated with mental hospi­ opportunities. The production loss is equally policy. tal and state prison admissions, and the First, it will obligate ·both U.S. flag and staggering, coming to a cumula.tive total of treatment of illnesses. During the period from about $600 billion in 1972 prices. Simple 1970 to 1975, these costs attributable to the foreign flag ocean carriers who provide arithmetic shows that the typical family 1.4 % increase in employment that began in freauent service in the U.S. foreign of four has lost about $12,000 to under­ 1970 and that remained through 1975 trades to participate in Federal Maritime utmzation of resources 1n the seven years amounted to $6.6 billion. Commission-approved agreements, with prior to 1977. This waste continues in 1977 as ECONOMIC ADVANTAGES OF SHORTER WORK WEEK attendant neutral-body policing require­ the economy stumbles along below its po­ ments to attack malpractices. Thus, this tential." (The 1977 Midyear Review of the The expansion of workers' purchasing Economy) power, as a result of a shorter work week and amendment will provide for even-nanded The $600 billion loss of production in 1972 full employment, could cause firms to operate treatment as between foreign and U.S. prices amounts to $803 billion in mid-1977 at close to full capacity instead of at the flag carriers. At the same time, such prices. It comes to $21,000 for each man-year present 86 % of full capacity level. Increased participation will curtail the costly of unemployment during the seven-year sales, and the more efficient operations that "dumping" of excess foreign ships into period 1970-76. Thus, the production losses result when the economy is in high gear, the U.S. liner trades-a practir.e that would together strongly stimulate profits. per unemployed worker per year are far has inflated transport charges. Such uni­ greater than the cost of paying the $11,700 Nor would government revenues suffer in formity of treatment will also correct the a year in wages to each unemployed worker the long run. The increased demand has a multiplier effect on other industries, p:::o­ "skimming'' of our trades by opportu­ who is brought back .to work as a result of nistic cross-traders. the shorter work week. ducing an even larger increase in demand and sales, thus stimulating the lagging capi­ Second, the bill will require a given in­ Unemployment-related revenue losses to the tal goods industries and helping rescue in­ dependent liner operator of any size in government dustries such as steel. As pointed out earlier, our trades to submit to a review of his ac­ In addition, unemployzn:ent is a major every one percent in the unemployment rate drain on the federal ·budget, causing huge tivities by a nongovernmental neutral budget deficits. body of his choice. It would anomalous, 2 Dr. M. Harvey Brenner, Estimating the indeed, to require neutral-body enforce­ Social Costs of National Economic Policy: ment by all members to agreements­ 1 The study uses hours of non-student men Implications jor Mental and Physical Health, in nonagricultural industries as the "most re­ and Criminal Aggression, Vol. No. 1, Paper which include virtually all U.S. flag liable indicator" of hours. No. 5, 94th Cong., 2nd Sess., October 26, 1976. carriers-and not extend this neutral- February 13, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2563 body enforcement requirement to opera­ labs around the country and in particular and whites should have that choice. He tors entering our trade on a less frequent at Menlo Park, N.J.• pointed out that many black parents, at great expense, are sending their children to Cath­ service basis. olic and other privately run schools. And he Finally, but an equally significant ad­ ANOTHER ARGUMENT AGAINST says that there is nothing inherently wrong vantage, is a requirement of the bill that with an all-black school as long as its pupils all agreements must allow their members COURT-ORDERED BUSING attend the school by choice. the ability to set their own rates and Coleman contends desegregation should be tariff rules independently through the HON. RONALD M. MOTTL fostered by offering magnet schools, and by orderly mechanism of due notice to the allowing children to go to any school they OF OHIO want, even those outside the school district; other agreement members whenever a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the district would be paid by state vouchers proposal for a change in the tariff rate for education. or rule is not acceptable to the member­ Tuesday, February 13, 1979 Because of the federal stay order, Cleve­ ship as a whole. Such flexibility andre­ • Mr. MOTTL. Mr. Speaker, I would like land's school system has an opportunity to sponsiveness will assure our exporters to share with my colleagues an editorial try at least part of Coleman's plan. It is an and importers that reasonable and inno­ on magnet schools and court-ordered opportunity that should be used to fullest. vative ocean transport competition will Magnet schools could eventually play a major busing which appeared in the Cleveland role both in the desegregation of the system not be stifled. Plain Dealer on February 12. and in improving the quality of education.e I have introduced this bill early in this As you know, I have introduced House session in order that these urgently Joint Resolution 74 which seeks a con­ needed reforms can move forward inde­ stitutional amendment to ban court­ DR. DAVID LIEBER pendent of a needed overall review of ordered busing and would preserve the the provisions of the Shipping Act, in neighborhood school concept. the context of the current liner ocean­ In the editorial, no less an authority HON. HENRY A. WAXM·AN shipping environment.• than Dr. James Coleman-the architect OF CALIFORNIA of court-ordered busing-says flat out IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that such busing does not work. Tuesday, February 13, 1979 NATIONAL INVENTORS DAY The editorial follows: SCHOOLS' OPPORTUNITY • Mr. WAXMAN. Mr. Speaker, on Sun­ HON. EDWARD J. PATTEN Through the failure to open four magnet day, January 28, 1979, the University OF NEW JERSEY schools on time this month must be viewed of Judaism offered a tribute dinner to as a setback, the Cleveland Board of Edu­ Dr. David Lieber of Los Angeles. The IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cation should continue to press forward with event celebrated the establishment of Tuesday, February 13, 1979 the concept. Voluntary desegregation using the David Lieber School of Graduate such schools is the best thing that could • Mr. PATTEN. Mr. Speaker, in paying Studies and was held in conjunction happen to Cleveland while the system is with the 79th International Convention tribute on February 11, 1979, to the mil­ under a stay order by the U.S. Court of lions of inventors on National Inventors Appeals (6th Circuit). of the Rabbinical Assembly. Day, we pay particular tribute to Thomas It would appear from the stay order that Dr. Lieber, a vice chancellor of the Alva Edison. His birthday was well the school system has no legal requirement Jewish Theological Seminary of Amer­ chosen as the date to honor inventors. to attempt to desegregate the schools while ica, is the president of the University of The name Edison and the term inventor the stay is in effect. But as Supt. Peter P. Judaism, the seminary's west coast are virtually synonymous. Carlin has stated, the system does have both branch in Los Angeles, and also holds a moral and a legal obligation to provide the title of "Samuel A. Fryer Professor Edison's most memorable invention pupils with quality, integrated education. No was the first practical incandescent light lawsuit, such as the one by the NAACP, of Bible." Dr. Lieber is a member of the bulb in 1879. However, 10 years earlier, he changed that. The obligation has been there Near Eastern Language Department of invented the stock ticker and in 1877, the all along. UCLA. phonograph. The development of his So the board is correct in its moves toward David Lieber received his B.A. degree phonograph has brought everyt'hing from "magnet" schools, which deserve a chance to rabbi in 1948. many as his greatest contribution. Re­ ized programs and theoretically to attract Columbia University awarded him a searchers engaged in technical studies pupils of both races voluntarily from th.roug­ M.A. degree in 1947, and he obtained the have used Edison's method since its de­ out the system-is James S. Coleman, a Uni­ degree of doctor of Hebrew literature versity of Chicago professor who is considered velopment. Scientists in today's high a turncoat by many advocates of large-scale in 1951 at the Jewish Theological Semi­ technology cop.tinue to use this method. busing to achieve racial balance in the nary of America. Dr. Lieber pursued This impressive scientist received more schools. graduate studie~ at Columbia University, than 1,000 patents, the most awarded any Coleman was author of a 1966 report often the University of Washington at Seattle, individual. With the incandescent elec­ cited as justification for busing children to and at UCLA. tric lamp as his most valuable discovery integrated schools. He is one of the nation's A spiritual leader of Sinai Temple in experts on the effects of attempts to deseg­ and by perfecting electric generation, regate large systems like Cleveland's. Los Angeles from 1950 to 1954, Dr. Lieber distribution, and measurement systems, Since his initial findings on the merits of also served as a chaplain in the U.S. Edison turned the world of modern racial balance, whatever the costs, Coleman Air Force and was university chaplain science around. His genius led us into the has been convinced from his research that for the B'nai B'rith Hillel Foundation at modern technological era as we know it busing on a forced basis is not working. He the University of Washington and at today. Edison's inventions were bound­ has said new incentives, such as magnet Harvard University. In 1956 he was ap­ less. Many of the power and communica­ schools, must be found to make desegre­ pointed dean of students at the Univer­ tion capabilities existing today are a re­ gation work. There are two key points to Coleman's isty of Judaism, a position he held until flection of the work and dedication of position: he assumed the presidency of the uni­ Edison. His inventions have also included Instead of eliminating segregation, bus­ versity in 1963. the electric railway, the motion picture ing has driven whites away, leaving central A former member of the board of di­ camera, talking motion pictures, the cities with a proportionately larger black rectors of the Association of Professors storage battery, and the miner's lamp. population. Integration, he says, has not of Jewish Studies, Dr. Lieber also served The career of Thomas Alva Edison has automatically improved the achievement on the executive council of the Rabbini­ enhanced the lives of U.S. citizens and levels of disadvantaged black children. Instead or forcing parents to send their cal Assembly. He has written many millions of people throughout the world. children to other schools, systems should be articles, which have been· published in It is only fitting that we Americans pay desegregated by offering incentives to the "Commentary," "The Christian Century," tribute to a man who brought light into parents and by letting them choose their ''The Reconstructionist," "Conservative darkness by his inventions at research children's schools. Coleman says both blacks Judaism," "The Torch," and "Jewish 2564 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 13, 1979 Education." He is listed in both ''Who's ment) -deductible to the extent that the When using the sales tax tables, add to cost of the capital expenditure exceeds the your adjusted gross income any nontaxable Who in America" and "Who's Who in increase in value to your h ome because of income (e.g., Social Security, Veterans' pen­ Israel." the capital expenditure. You should have an sions or compensation payments, Railroad Dr. David Lieber does his community independent appraisal made to reflect clearly Retirement annuities, workmen's compen­ and his faith honor. His many years of the increase in value. sation, untaxed portion of long-term capital dedicated service have enlightened and cardiographs. gains, dividends untaxed under the dividend enriched all of those fortunate enough Chiropodist. exclusion, interest on municipal bonds, un­ to have studied with him. I know that Chiropractor. employment compensation and public assist­ my colleagues will wish to join with me Christian Science practl.rtioner, authorized. ance payments). Convalescent home (for medical treatment Contributions in offering our tribute to this distin­ only). guished scholar, community leader, and Crutches. In general, contributions may be deducted spiritual guide.• Dental services (e.g., cleaning, X-ray, fill- up to 50 percent of your adjusted gross in­ ing teeth). come (line 31 , Form 1040). However, con­ Dentures. tributions to certain private nonprofit foun­ Dennatologist. dations, veterans organizations, or fraternal TAX LIST FOR OLDER AMERICANS Eyeglasses. societies are limited to 20% of adjusted gross Food or beverages specially prescribed by income. a physician (for treatment of illness, .and in Cash contributions to qualified organiza­ HON. JAMES ABDNOR addition to, not as substi-tute for, regular tions for (1) religious, charitable, scientific, OF SOUTH DAKOTA diet; physician's statement needed). literary or educational purposes, (2) preven­ Gynecologist. tion of cruelty to children or animals, or (3) IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Hearing aids and batteries. Federal, State or local governmental units Tuesday, February 13, 1979 Home health services. (tuition for children attending parochial Hospital expenses. schools is not deductible). • Mr. ABDNOR. Mr. Speaker, the an­ Insulin treatment. Fair market value of property (e.g., cloth­ nual chore of filing our annual income Invalid Cih.air. ing, books, equipment, furniture) for char­ tax return is now upon us. Young or old, Lab tests. itable purposes. (For gifts of appreciated Lipreading lessons (designed overcome a we must cope with the ever-changing rto property, special rules apply. Contact local tax requirements, including provisions handicap). Neurologist. IRS office.) of the 1978 tax law which included a Nursing services (for medical care, includ- Travel expenses (actual or 7¢ per mile plus number of tax relief sections. ing nurse's board paid by you). parking and tolls) for charitable purposes Many of these new provisions are· of Occupational therapist. (may not deduct insurance or depreciation particular interest to older Americans Ophthalmologist. in either case) . who have been severely victimized by Optician. Cost and upkeep of uniforms used in char­ skyrocketing inflation. Living on fixed Optometrist. itable activities (e.g., scoutmaster) . incomes, they must make every penny Oral surgery. Purchase of goods or tickets from char­ Osteopath, licensed. itable organizations (excess of amount paid count and take advantage of every op­ Pediatrician. portunity to save. over the fair market value of the goods or Physical examinations. services). In the interest of helping them save Physical therapist. on their tax bills, I commend to their Physician. Out-of-pocket expenses (e.g., postage, sta­ Podiatrist. tionery, phone calls) while rendering serv­ attention the newly revised list of item­ ices for charitable organizations. izEd income tax deductions recently pre­ PsychLa trist. Psychoanalyst. Care of unrelated student in your home pared t.y the Senate Special Committee Psychologist. under a written agreement with a qualifying on Aging. Psychotherapy. organization (deduction is limited to $50 per 'I'he list follows: Radium tiherapy. month) . PROTECTING OLDER AMERICANS AGAINST OVER­ Sacroilliac belt (prescribed by a doctor). Interest PAYM'ENT OF INCOME TAXES Seeing-eye dog and maintenance. Home mortgage. (A Revised Checklist of Itemized Deductions Speech therapist. Auto loan. for Use in Taxable Year 1978) Splints. Installment purchases (television, washer, Supplementary medic·al insurance (Part dryer, etc.). CHECKLIST OF ITEMIZED DEDUCTIONS FOR B) under Medicare. SCHEDULE A ( FORM 1040) Surgeon. Bank credit card-can deduct the finance Medical and dental expenses Telephone/ teletype special communica­ charge as interest if no part is for service Medical and dental expenses (unreim­ tions equipment ifor the deaf. charges, loan fees, credit investigation fees, bursed by in o-urance or ot herwise) are Transportation expenses for medical pur­ or similar charges. deductible to t he extent that t hey exceed poses (7¢ per mile plus parking and tolls or Other credit cards-you may deduct as 3 % of your adjusted gross income (line 31, actual fares for taxi, !buses, etc.). interest the finance charges added to your Form 1040 ). V'B.OCines. monthly statement, expressed as an annual Insurance premiums Vitamins prescribed by a doctor (but nOit percentage rate, that are based on the un­ One-half of medical, hospital or health taken as a food supplement or to preserve paid monthly balance. in surance premiums are deductible (up to general health) . Points-deductible as interest by buyer $150) without regard t o the 3 % limitation Wheelchairs. where financing agreement provides t hat for ot her medical expenses. The remainder Whirlpool baths for medical purposes. they are to be paid for use of lender's money of these premiums can be deducted, but is X-rays. and only if the charging of points is an subject to t he 3 % rule. Expenses may be deducted only in tlhe year established business practice in your nrea. Drugs and m edicines you paid them. If you charge medical ex­ penses on your ·bank credit card, the ex­ Not deductible if points represent charges Included in medical expenses (subject to penses are deducted in the year the charge for services rendered by the lending institu­ 3 % rule) ,but only to ext ent exceeding 1 % is made regardless of when the bank is re­ t ion (e.g., VA loan points are service charges of adJusted gross income (line 31 , Form paid. and are not deductible as interest). Not de­ 1040). Taxes ductible if paid by seller (are treated as sell­ Other medica.l expenses Real estaste. ing expenses and represent a reduction of Other allowable medical a nd dental ex­ State and local gasoline. amount realized) . penses (subject to 3 % limitation): General sa.les. Penalty for prepayment of a mortgage­ Abdominal supports (prescribed by a deductible as interest. doctor) . state and local income. Revolving charge accounts-may deduct Acupuncture services. Personal property. the separately stated "finance charge•' ex­ Ambulance hire. If sales tax t ables are used in arriving at pressed as an annual percentage rate. Anesthetist. your deduction, ordinarily you may add to Casualty or theft losses Arch supports (prescribed by o. doctor) . t he a.Illount shown in the tax tables the sales Artificial limbs and teeth. t.ax paid on t he purchases o! the following Oasualty (e.g., tornado, flood, storm, fire, or Back supports (prescribed by a doctor) . ttems: automobiles, trucks, motorcycles air­ auto accident provided not caused by a will­ Braces. planes, boats, mobile homes, and mwterials ful act or willful negligence) or theft losses­ Capital expenditures for medical purposes used to build a new home when you are your the amount of your casualty loss deduction is (e.g ., elevator for persons with a heart ail- own contractor. generally the lesser of ( 1) the decrease in February 13, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2565 fair market value of the property as a result Other tax relief measures The exclusion is elective, and you may elect of the casualty, or (2) your adjusted basis Required to file a to exclude gain only once for sales before in the property. This amount must be fur­ tax return if July 27, 1978, and only once for sales on or ther reduced by any insurance or other re­ gross income after that date. covery, and, in the case of property held for is at least- If you sold your home before July 27, 1978, and you were age 65 or older before the personal use, by the $100 limitation. Report Single (under age 65) ------$2,950 date of sale, you may elect to exclude the your casu9.lty or theft loss on Schedule A. Single (age 65 or older)------3, 700 gain attributable to $35,000 of the adjusted If more than one item was involved in a Qualifying widow(er) under 65 with sales price if you owned and occupied the single casualty or theft, or if you had more dependent child ______3,950 residence for 5 of the 8 years ending on the tha.n one casualty or theft during the year, Qualifying widow(er) 65 or older with date of sale. If you sold the home after you may use Form 4684 for computing your dependent child______4, 700 July 26, 1978, and you were age 55 or older personal casualty loss. Married couple (both spouses under before the date of sale, you may elect to Miscellaneous 65) filing jointlY------4, 700 exclude $100,000 of gain on the sale if you Married couple (1 spouse 65 or older) Appraisal fees to determine the amount of filing jointly ______5,450 owned and occupied the residence for 3 of the 5 years ending on the. date of sale (or 5 a casualty loss or to determine the fair mar­ Married couple (both spouses 65 or ket value of charitable contributions. of 8 years under certain circumstances) . older) filing jointly______6, 200 Form 2119 (Sale or Exchange of Personal Union dues. Married filing separately______750 Residence) is helpful in determining what Cost of preparation of income tax return. Additional Exemption for Age.-Besides gain, if any, may be excluded. Cost of tools for employee (depreciated the regular $750 exemption, you are allowed Additionally, you may elect to defer re­ over the useful life of the tools) . an additional exemption of $750 if you are porting the gain on the sale of your per­ Dues for Chamber of Commerce (if as a age 65 or older on the last day of the taxable sonal residence if within 18 months before business expense) . year. If both a husband and wife are 65 or or 18 months after the sale you buy and Rental cost of a safe-deposit box used to older on the last day of the taxable year, occupy another residence, the cost of which store income-producing property. each is entitled to an additional exemption equals or exceeds the adjusted sales price of the old residence. Additional time is allowed Fees paid to investment counselors. of $750 because of age. You are considered 65 on the day before your 65th birthday. Thus, if ( 1) you construct the new residence; (2) Subscriptions to business publications. you will be entitled to the additional $750 you were on active duty in the U.S. Armed Telephone and postage in connection with exemption because of age for your 1978 Fed­ Forces; or (3) your tax home was• abroad. investments. eral income tax return. Publication 523 (Tax Information on Selling Uniforms required for employment and not "Zero Bracket Amount."-The "zero or Purchasing Your Home) may also be generally wearable off the job. bracket amount" is a fiat amount that de­ helpful. Maintenance of uniforms required for pends on your filing status. It is not a sepa­ Credit for the Elderly.-You may be able employment. rate deduction; instead, the equivalent to claim this credit and reduce taxes by as Special safety apparel (e.g., steel toe safety amount is built into the tax tables and tax much as $375 (if single), or $562.50 (11 rate schedules. Since this amount is built married filing jointly) , if you are: shoes or helmets worn by construction work­ (1) Age 65 or older, or ers; special masks worn by welders) . into the tax tables and tax rate schedules, you will need to make an adjustment if you ( 2) Under age 65 and retired under a Business entertainment expenses. itemize deductions. However, itemizers will public retirement system. Business gift expenses not exceeding $25 not experience any change in their tax lia­ For more information, see instructions for per recipient. bility and the tax computation will be sim­ Schedules Rand RP. Employment agency fees under certain plified for many itemizers. Credit for Child and Dependent Care Ex­ circumstances. Tax Tables.-Tax tables have been devel­ penses. Certain payments made for child and Cost of periodic physical examination if oped to make it easier for you to find your dependent care may be claimed as a credit required by employer. tax if your income is under certain levels. against tax. Even if you itemize deductions, you may be If you maintained a household that in­ Cost of installation and maintenance of able to use the tax tables to find your tax cluded your dependent child under age 15 or a telephone required by your employment easier. In addition, you do not have to deduct (deduction based on business use) . a dependent or spouse incapable of self­ $750 for each exemption or figure your gen­ care. you may be allowed a 20% credit for Cost of bond if required for employment. eral tax credit, because these amounts are employment related expenses. These ex­ Expenses of an office in your home if used also built into the tax table for you. penses must have been paid during the tax­ regularly and exclusively for certain business Multiple Support Agreements.-In general able year in order to enable you to work purposes. a person may be claimed as a dependent of either full or part time. Educational expenses that are: (1) re­ ano'ther taxpayer, provided five tests are For detailed information, see the instruc­ quired by your employer to maintain your met: (1) Support, (2) gross income, (3) tions on Form 2441. position; or (2) for maintaining or sharp­ member of household or relationship, (4) Earned income Credit.-If you maintain ening your skills for your employment. citizenship, and (5) separate return. But in a household for a child who is under age Political Campaign Contributions.-You some cases, two or more individuals provide 19, or is a student, or is a disabled depend­ may cl,aim either a deduction (line 31, support for an individual, and no one has ent, you may be entitled to a special pay­ Schedule A, Form 1040) or a credit (line 38, contributed more than half the person's ment or credit of up to $400. This is called -Form 1040), for campaign contributions to support. However, it still may be possible the earned income credit. It may come as a for one of the individuals to be entitled to a refund check or be applied against any taxes an individual who is a candidate for nomi­ $750 dependency deduction if the following nation or election to any Federal, State, or owed. Generally, if you reported earned in­ requirements are met for multiple support: come and had adjusted gross income (line 31, local office in any primary, geneml, or spe­ 1. Two or more persons-any one of whom cial election. The deduction or credit is also Form 1040) of less than $8,000, you may be could claim the person as a dependent if it able to claim the credit. a.pplicable for any ( 1) comml ttee support­ were not for the support test-together con­ ing a candicfate for Federal, State, or local tribute more than half of the dependent's Earned income means wages, salaries, tips, elective public office, (2) national commit­ support. other employee compensation, and net earn­ ings from self-employment (generally tee of a national political party, (3) State 2. Any one of those who individually con­ amount shown on Schedule SE (Form 1040 committee of a national political party, or tribute more than 10% of the mutual de­ line 13). A married couple must file a joint ( 4) local committee of a national poll tical pendent's support, but only one of them, return to be eligible for the credit. Certain party. The maximum deduction is $100 ($200 may claim the dependency deduction. married persons livin(• apart with a depend­ for couples filing jointly). The amount of 3. Each of the others must file a written ent child may also be eligible to claim the the tax credit is one-half of the political statement that he will not claim the depend­ credit. ency deduction for that year. The statement contribution, with a $25 ceiling ($50 for cou­ For more information see instructions for ples filing jointly). must be filed with the income tax return of the person who claims the dependency Form 1040 or 1040A. Presidential election campaign fund deduction. Form 2120 (Multiple Support Energy Tax Act Additionally, you may voluntarily earmark Declaration) may be used for this purpose. The Energy Tax Act of 1978 is directed at $1 of your taxes ($2 on joint returns) for the Sale of Personal Residence.-You may ex­ providing tax incentives for energy conser­ Presidential Election Campaign Fund. clude from your gross income some or all of vation measures and for conversion to renew­ Additional information your gain from the sale of your principal able energy sources. residence, if you meet certain age, owner­ A credit of up to $300 may be claimed for For any questions concerning any of these ship, and occupancy requirements at the expenditures for energy conservation prop­ items, contact your local IRS omce. You may time of the sale. These requirements, and the erly installed in or on your principal resi­ also obtain helpful publications and addi­ amount of gain that may be excluded, differ dence, whether you own or rent 1t. The resi­ tional forms by contacting your local IRS depending on whether you sold your home dence must have been su'bstantially com­ office. before July 27, 1978, or on or after that date. pleted by April 20, 1977. Items eligible for 2566 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 13, 1979 the credit are limited to the following: in­ Edison is credited with developing the precedented action by the House and sulation (fiberglass, cellulose, etc.) for ceil­ industrial research laboratory-the team firmly established this body as the lead­ ings, walls, fl.oors, roofs, water heaters, etc.; approach to solving scientific and tech­ er in the fight for regulatory reform. exterior storm (or thermal) windows or The procedure set forth in the bill I doors; caulking or weatherstripping for ex­ nological problems. This method is still terior windows or doors; a furnace replace­ used by today's industrial, academic, and am cosponsoring provides that when a ment burner which reduces the amount of Government researchers in their tech­ regulation or rule is adopted under the fuel used; a device to make fl.ue openings nological studies. • Administrative Procedures Act, it will (for a heating system) more efficient; an be referred to the Congress for 60 days electrical or mechanical furnace ignition before it becomes effective. If, during system which replaces a gas pilot light; an that 60-day period, either the House or automatic energy-saving setback thermo­ CONGRESSIONAL VETO AC'I' the Senate adopts a resolution of dis­ stat; and a meter which displays the cost of energy usage. approval, which is not rejected by the A maximum credit for renewable energy HON. WILLIAM HILL BONER other body within 30 days, the rule in whole or part stands vetoed. source property is $2,200. Equipment used in OF TENNESSEE the production or distribution of heat or While some critics have described this electricity from solar, geothermal, or wind IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES as a one-House veto, it is not. It is a mod­ energy sources for residential heating, cool­ Tuesday, February 13, 1979 ified one-House veto. Since both Houses ing, or other purposes may qualify for this could participate in the process, the prin­ credit. • Mr. BONER of Tennessee. Mr. Speak­ Energy credits may be claimed by com­ er, today, I rise to cosponsor a major ciple of bicameralism is respected. pleting Form 5695 and attaching it to your piece of legislation, the Administrative This proposal contains a retroactive Form 1040. Credit for expenditures made Rule Making Reform Act, H.R. 1776, in­ provision which will permit either House after April 19, 1977, and before January 1, troduced by Hon. ELLIOTT LEVITAS Of of Congress to review regulations pre­ 1979, must be claimed on your 19'78 tax re­ viously adopted and, if necessary, refer turn. Do not fl.le an amended 1977 return to Georgia, which will improve agency rulemaking by expanding the opportu­ them back to the administrative agency claim a credit for expenditures in 1977. for reconsideration under the procedures Examples of items which do not qualify for nities for public participation; by creat­ of congressional veto. energy credit are the following: carpeting, ing procedures for congressional review drapes, ·Wood paneling, exterior siding, heat of agency rules; and by expanding ju­ Congressional veto of administrative pump, wood or peat fueled residential equip­ dicial review of the process. The bill that rules and regulations addresses a central ment, fluorescent replacement lighting sys­ I have cosponsored today will give the and most serious question: Who makes tem, hydrogen fueled residential equipment, the laws of this country? Is it the elected equipment using wind energy for transporta­ Congress the right to review, and, if nec­ officials or the unelected bureaucrats who tion, expenditures for a swimming pool used essary, veto in advance, any rule or reg­ rule by administrative fiat? as an energy storage me<11um, and green­ ulation promulgated by unelected bu­ Time and time again, the administra­ houses. reaucrats. tive agencies have usurped the authority For further information, consult the in­ Congressional veto of administrative structions for Form 5695 and IRS Publication rules and regulations is not a new idea. of Congress through their quasi-legisla­ 903, Energy Credits for Individuals.e tive process of rulemaking. We have This body has in the past particularly seen our legislative eff·orts frustrated and shown strong support for this concept. distorted when the implementing rules In the 94th Congress, the House Judi­ and regulations are published. The ad­ THOMAS ALVA EDISON ciary Committee reported to the House ministrative agencies have oftentimes a bill applying a congressional veto of promulgated rules and regulations which administrative rules and regulations for are oppressive, arbitrary, or go clearly HON. JOSEPH G. MINISH all Federal departments. This bill was beyond the intent of Congress in passing OF NEW JERSEY debated on the floor, however failed by the enabling act. Once past that little IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES two votes, 265 to 135, to receive the neces­ phrase, "The Secretary shall have the sary two-thirds for passage. That sup­ Tuesday, February 13, 1979 power to promulgate regulations * * * ," port was bipartisan in nature, with 165 it is anyone's guess how far the admin­ e Mr. MINISH. Mr. Speaker, Sunday Democrats and 100 Republicans joining istrative agency will go or, indeed, how marked the 132d anniversary of the birth in voting for the bill. lenient it will be. of Thomas Alva Edison. Adding to the In the 95th Congress, no comprehen­ This legislation will force Congress to occasion's significance is the fact that sive bill was reported for consideration draft proposed bills more carefully and 1979 has been designated International by the House. However, 186 Members of to spell out its intent more clearly. Centennial of Light, in honor of the the House cosponsored a bill providing Congress is far too lax in delegating 100th anniversary of Edison's invention for a congressional veto of administra­ authority broadly and without guidelines of the incandescent light '!:>ulb. tive rules and regulations. to administrative agencies. When hard Mr. Speaker, we in New Jersey take a On at least five separate occasions, decisions have to be made, we pass the certain extra pride in the fact that Edi­ congressional veto amendments, pat­ buck with vaguely worded statutes. Who son performed most of his important ex­ terned after the comprehensive bill, were can, or should, vote against clean air, or periments in our State. Additionally, his approved on the House floor relating to safe cars, or nondiscrimination? But home and main laboratories were located various agencies, such as HUD or FTC. when the implementing regulations are in the town of West Orange, which is in In addition, similar amendments were published requiring cars to be equipped the district I have the honor of repre­ offered during committee and subcom­ with expensive equipment; or EPA im­ senting. mittee consideration of legislation, such poses a parking ban on cities; or EEOC Since 1973, National Inventors Day as the Department of Education Orga­ refuses to let a police department ask also has been celebrated on February nization Act and the Surface Transpor­ potential employees if they have a crim­ 11. This is fitting since the name Edison tation Assistance Act. inal record, one wonders whether the and the term "inventor" are almost The most noteworthy votes on this value of these stringent regulations out­ synonomous. In his lifetime, Thomas issue were taken on the FTC conference weighs the actual benefits. We must real­ Edison received 1,093 patents, the most report. Although the House passed an ize that the Congress has the ultimate awarded to any individual by the U.S. amendment providing for congressional responsibility for administrative rules Patent Office. In 1882-his most prolific veto of FTC regulations by a 2 to 1 ma­ that flow from enabling acts, and that year-Edison was awarded an average of jority, 272 to 139, the Senate refused they in turn are responsible to the people two patents per week. to accept this provision in conference. who elected them. Among his principal inventions are the On two separate occasions, the House Moreover, the public will have a larger electrical vote recorder; the stock ticker; voted to reject the FTC conference re­ voice in the rulemaking process. Access wax paper; the microphone; the phono­ port because it did not contain the con­ to Members of Congress, and even to graph; the incandescent electric light; gressional veto of FTC regulations. The Senators, is far easier than access to the electric railway; the motion picture first vote was 145 to 255; the second was anonymous, faceless bureaoorats. I will camera; the alkaline storage battery, and 175 to 214. That two-time rejection of readily admit that most Federal admin­ the talking motion picture. In addition, the conference report constituted an un- istrators are hardworking, dedicated February 13, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2567 people who do their job and serve the As a citizen, I want to thank Governor has proven the value and meaning of these citizens faithfully and well. Some few, Dolph Briscoe for his six years of distin­ words and they bear repeating. guished and unselfish service to this state. For Texans, these words are found in the however, are zealots who in some elitist He will be remembered as the Governor first three sections of Article 0 e, the Blll way think they-not the people and the who successfully fought the creation of any of Rights, in the State Constitution. elected Congress--run the country. new state taxes. The first section states: "Texas is a free This legislation is not primarily a lib­ And, he will be remembered as-the Gover­ and independent state, subject only to the eral or conservative issue-it crosses nor who took the first steps toward return­ Constitution of the United States, and the ideological lines. The support for this ing the tax-generated surplus in our state maintenance of our free institutions and type of legislation should come from treasury back to its rightful owners. the perpetuity of the union depends upon every political spectrum. It is just-the This is Governor Briscoe's legacy to Texas, the preservation of the right of local self­ and it's one he can be proud of and one this government, unimpaired to all the states." time is right-let us not delay further .e state will always appreciate. This Bill of Rights is saying that whtle As your Governor, I too have goals for we must work with other states and with Texas and I am committed to making our the federal government for the betterment state government accountable to the tax­ of the entire nation, we must be vigtlant payers. and protect our independence as a sovereign BILL CLEMENTS-GOVERNOR OF I want to conduct government in a busi­ state. TEXAS ness-like manner, with elected officials and For when the federal government weakens government leaders responsible to the tax­ the power and independence of the states, payers just as a board of directors and com­ the union itself is weakened. HON. JAMES M. COLLINS pany officials are responsible to the stock­ In recent years, we have seen a disturbing OF TEXAS holders. trend toward the creation of a new branch You will hear voices during my adminis­ of the federal government, the regulatory IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tration expressing doubts about some of my branch, a branch that doesn't include you Tuesday, February 13, 1979 proposals. But, I will persist, we will prevail. and me among its constituency. I will persist because I believe that you, the It is not elected by anyone and, in fact, e Mr. COLLINS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, people, have made clear your desire for better is accountable to no one. this year marks a great step forward for government and for less government. By an excessive and improper transfer of the State of Texas. For the first time I will persist with my plans to return to authority to these regulatory agencies, the since the Civil War, Texas ha.s a Repub­ you, the taxpayers, one billion dollars of the congress and the president have further re­ lican Governor. Everyone appreciates state's surplus. I will persist with my plans to moved government from the reach of the the opportunities inherent in the com­ give you long-term, constitutional safe­ people and further weakened the power of guards--including the right of initiative and the states. petition of a two-party system. referendum-to protect against excessive This must not be condoned by Texans. We With the election of Bill Clements as taxation and wasteful government spending. must assert our rights and our spirit at every Governor, Texas is now a viable two­ I will persist with my plans to reduce the opportunity. party State. The Texas Legislature got size of our state bureaucracy. And, at the same time, we must take steps underway in January, and Clements set And, I will persist with my plans to im­ to ensure that our state government does the pace with his inspirational inaugural prove the quality of our education system so not usurp the rights of individuals or of address. that we can give our children the basic build­ local governments within our boundaries. I want to share with you this his­ ing blocks they need to develop meaningful The best government is that government careers. which is closest to the people. The second torical message which was delivered on I will persist with these and many other section of the Bill of Rights in our state the Texas Capitol steps in Austin: priorities because I believe you have clearly constitution speaks to that relationship be­ THE INAUGURAL ADDRESS OF THE HONORABLE stated that we must persist, together. tween the people and their government. WILLIAM P. CLEMENTS, JR. I believe we will be successful because these It states, "All political power is inherent Lieutenant Governor Hobby, Mr. Speaker, are issues and concerns that cut across parti­ in the people and all free governments are members of the Sixty-Sixth Texas Legisla­ san lines. These are not just Republican is­ founded on their authority, and instituted ture, distinguished officials and guests, my sues or Democrat issues. These are Texas is­ for their benefit, the faith of the people of fellow Texans: sues and the people of Texas are the ultimate Texas stands pledged to the preservation of An Ir.auguration traditionally marks the beneficiaries. a Republican form of government, and, sub­ beginning of a new administration, and I believe we will be successful because ject to this limitation only. They have at all any beginning requires an awareness and an Texans have elected a unique leadership times the inalienable right to alter, reform understanding of the past. team to address these issues and concerns. or abolish their government in such manner So, an Inauguration is a time when we This Inauguration, where a Republican as they may think expedient." must pause to reflect on our past before em­ governor takes office with a Democratic lieu­ Those are potent words and they create a barking on the future. tenant governor, stands as living proof of the straightforward message. That message is An Inauguration also is a time to offer independent thinking of the people of this this: Power in this state and in this nation thanks and I would like to begin by thank­ state. rests not with political parties, not with ing our Divine Leader who is the fountain­ I am uplifted and encouraged by that kind governmental institutions, not with elected head of our very existence. of spirit, and in that expression from the leaders, but with the people. The first Governor of the State of Texas, people of Texas, I see the clear message that Like many other citizens, I have seen the the Honorable J . Pinckney Henderson, said I must be a governor who puts quality, ex­ governmental bureaucracy and some poli­ in his Inaugural Address of 1846: cellence, achielvement, and the best inter­ ticians trying to infringe on our rights as "Who can look back upon our history, and ests of this state, above partisan loyalties. individuals. not be fully and deeply impressed with the We have a healthy blend· of leaders, who We have seen the consequences of such consideration that the arm of Deity has like myself, are assuming the responsibilities infringement by government in other parts shielded our nation, and His justice and wis­ and challenges of elective office for the first of the United States. When excessive intru­ dom guided us in our path? It is therefore time; and, we have leaders like Lieutenant sion by government into the lives of individ­ our duty, in deep humility, to make our ac­ Governor Bill Hobby and House Speaker Bill uals is permitted, government becomes an knowledgements for His many favors." Clayton who have dedicated many years of economic master and the people become its As your public servant, I want to thank their lives to public service. slaves. you for the trust you have placed in me and This leadership team is one of enthusiasm Texas, though, has had the benefit of more for the opportunity you have given me to and ex9erience, but foremost, it is one of enlighteneCi leaders through the years. We represent you. dedication and unity of purpose. are still in the position of being able to con­ This being the first time I have ever taken As public servants, we all were elected by trol our state government, but warning signs the oath of public office as an elected official, the people of Texas and we must be respon­ are present and we must be aware of them. I take it with extreme seriousness and with sive to the needs and concerns of the same Now is the time for us to set firm limits a keen awareness of its meaning and obliga­ P-lectorate. on our government. Now is the time for us to tions. The challenge to government is to help emphatically state that we want.our govern­ To take this oath is an honor because to people deal with their needs and concerns. ment to serve us, not to dominate us. be your Governor is to be the leader of the I believe our founding fathers provided us In controlling government, in making it most exceptional state in the union, a state with the framework for doing this. our servant, we must proceed without di­ made great by its people. I believe this framework is often overlooked minishing the rights of any citizen. This Inauguration would be incomplete and that we often forget the words upon Section three of the Bill of Rights in our lf we do not stop to publicly thank our out­ which our state and our nation were founded. state constitution says: "All free men, when going elected leaders for their contributions These are not the words of demagogues for they form a social compact, have equal to this state. demagogues are quickly forgotten. History rights, and no man, or set of men, is entitled 2568 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 13, 1979 to exclusive separate emoluments, or priv­ THE BUSINESS OF AGRICULTURE cessful farmer must be a. specialist who ileges, but in consideration of public knows his way through the complicated services." maze of commodity laws and private mar­ That same section also says: "Equality HON. LEE H. HAMILTON kets. He must also know about the major advances that are part of the technological under the law shall not be denied or abridged OF INDIANA revolution in agricultural science. Far from because of sex, race, color, creed, or na­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tional origin." being a. pampered ward of the government, Tuesday, February 13, 1979 the farmer is a high-risk entrepreneur. A The greatest strength of Texas long has mistake or two, such as rapid expansion been the vitality and diversity of its people. • Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would when crop prices are falling, can easily ruin They came to this land as Indians, as like to insert my Washington Report him. Spaniards, as Frenchmen, as Englishmen, as Germans, as blacks, as browns, as whites, as from December 20, 197'8, into the CoN­ Keeping up with the many skllls of the people from many different backgrounds. GRESSIONAL RECORD: trade-and, of course, watching the weather­ are not the only tasks confronting the farm­ And, they are still coming. THE BUSINESS OF AGRICULTURE er. He encounters many other kinds of un­ Yet when they arrive, they become Texans, The face of American agriculture is chang­ certainties, not the least of which are the people bound together by a common quest ing. Farxns are becoming fewer in number, uncertainties of government farm policy. In for a better life for themselves and for their larger in size, and more specialized and effi­ recent years that policy has encouraged the children and grandchlldren. cient in production. Agriculture is now a creation of big farms. Commodity programs, We must respect the rights of all Texans. capital-intensive, high-technology, mass­ which have· been used to support and stabi­ Regardless of their cultural background. production enterprise. lize farm prices and income, have prompted And, we must continually work to safeguard These are the outstanding facts of agri­ the expansion of farxns. So too have govern­ those rights. We must see that equal oppor· culture today: ment-subsidized credit increases. Federal tax tunity is a reality for all of our citizens. Farm population. In 1945 there were 5.9 laws have attracted ca.pita.linto farming and People came here because this was the mlllion farxns and a farm labor force of nearly have brought about rapid mechanization and land of opportunity. It still is today. 11 milllon people, but today there are 2.7 capital-intensive agriculture with high land Texas was a frontier then and it is today. m111ion farms and about four m111ion farm values and fewer farms. Research and exten­ It is a frontier in the sense of unparalleled workers. In 1977 only one ~n every 28 Amer­ sion services have tended to direct more at­ economic opportunity. It ls a place where icans lived on a. farm, compared with one of tention to the problems of large farms, put­ people can realize their dreams and aspira­ 21 in 1970 and one of three at the turn of ting a lesser emphasis on the problems of tions-and a place where free enterprise can the century. Small farmers who have not kept small operators. flourish-without laboring under the yoke of up with the sweeping changes in agriculture A basic question for policy makers is wheth­ a burdensome government. are continuing to leave the land, and big er to accelerate, continue, or decelerate the It's not difficult to explain these vast op­ farmers who sk111fully use credit and agri­ shift toward consolidation and specialization portunities, but it is becoming increasingly cultural science are gaining an ever larger in the agricultural sector. A number of tools difficult to protect them and extend them to share of the market. · are available to policy makers to implement all Texans. Farm size and sales. The agricultural sector their choices and control the consequences By being ever mindful of these three sec­ of the American economy stlll includes many that those choices have. The tools include tions in the Blll of Rights-by stepping back sizes and types of farxns, many different mar­ commodity programs, export initiatives, farm to that firm foundation of government out­ keting practices and arrangements, and sub­ credit, tax laws, and agricultural research. lined in our state constitution-our steps stantial variations in level, source, and sta­ Beyond the actions of pollcymakers, how­ forward in the future will be steadier and blllty of sales. Although 70% of all farxns ever, there are economic factors to be con­ longel'. yield up to $20,000 in products each year, the remaining 30% take in no less than 90% sidered. My own view is that the fundamental These three sections in our state consti­ trends in agriculture are determined in large tution help form what wlll be a guiding of all cash receipts from agriculture. In fact, farxns grossing $100,000 or more each year measure by economic factors, and that gov­ phllosophy of my administration. take in 53% of all cash receipts from agricul­ ernment policy should not be aimed at revers­ Condensed to its most basic form, my phi­ ture even though they constitute a mere 6% ing the trends. Rather, the government losophy is this: The proper function of gov­ of all farms. should work to ensure a fair income for ernment is not to guara.ntee prosperity for Family farms. An estimated 90% of all farmers, economic prosperity for rural com­ its citizens; rather, it is to guarantee them farms today are family farms, and they play a. munities, and ample food at reasonable prices the opportunity to achieve prosperity. lea.ding role in the production of food and for consumers. The government should also Putting our government into its proper fiber. Fears that the family farm would be work to keep federal expenditures for agri­ perspective is a job too large for me, or wiped out by agri-business have proven to be culture at acceptable levels.e Lieutenant Governor Hobby, or Speaker unfounded. Corporations with more than ten Clayton, or the members of the legislature, or stockholders account for less than 2% of a.ll for any public official, without the direct in­ farm sales. Even fa.rms large enough to be volvement of the citizens of Texas. incorporated are generally operated by ROCKEFELLER You, too, have a responsib111ty to help famllles. achieve good govel'nment, and thart; respon­ Farm income. Net farm income wlll hit $25 sib111ty goes beyond voting on election day. blllion this year, the third highest figure on HON. JOHN W. WYDLER When we as individuals, and as a state are record. However, the purchasing power of OF NEW YORK silent--when we let others make decisions for those dollars is about what it was ten years ago. Inflation has doubled the price of Amer­ IN 'qiE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES us without stating our beliefs-we forfeit ican farmland since 1972, a.nd a tractor that some of our freedom. cost $16,000 in 1974 may cost twice that now. Thursday, February 8, 1979 When we stand up and speak out, when we Farm productivity. The high productivity express our desires and concerns, then a.nd e Mr. WYDLER. Mr. Speaker, I include of the American farmer is reflected in the with the tributes to the late Honorable only then, wlll we have effective government. fa.ct that, on the average, he feeds 59 peo­ I a.m confident we can achieve that kind of ple. By comparison, the average Western Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller the statement effective government because the people of European farmer feeds 20 people. In the of Caspar W. Weinberger, former Secre­ Texas are the state's most outstanding nat­ world at large, the average farmer feeds five tary of Health, Education, and Welfare: ural resource. people. STATEMENT OF CASPAR W. WEINBERGER, FORMER I am confident, too, that we Cllln achieve The typica.l modern farm demands sophis­ SECRETARY OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND the abundant potential with which our state ticated managerial skllls and a capital in­ WELFARE has been endowed. vestment of a half-mllllon dollars or more. With the death of Nelson Rockefeller, the Now is the time for us to begin. I ask all of It requires the farmer to make intricate Nation lost part of its great heritage. you to join with me, to put the best inter­ decisions as he vigorously. competes with Despite the wealth to which he was born, he ests of Texas at the forefront of your others for a limited amount of arable land. scorned the leisure and the purposeless activ­ thoughts. High interest rates, soaring property values, ity that sometimes accompanies wealth into complex machinery, new fertilizers and pes­ the third generation. We must be diligent, we must be bold, we ticides, and the logistics of large-scale oper­ must be energetic. ations are among the fa.ctors the farmer Nelson Rockefeller worked ceaselessly for All of us, all Texans, must lock a.nns and must consider if he wishes to improve his the benefit, the improvement, and the prog­ work together. We must shape a new alliance farm's profits and productivity. These fac­ ress of his fellow men. of greatness, a.n allia.nce that will perpetua.te tors also make it difficult for the small op­ In both hls public and private activities, and enhance the blessings our Almighty God erator to expand and even more difficult for he always ran as hard as the newest youth has bestowed on our state.e the new faJ:'lmer to make a go of it. The sue- on the job. But his was not the dour work February 13, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2569 ethic. He approached all tasks with Joyous­ pletion of a full life span. This is a tribute happened in Cleveland, New York City and ness, energy, and great vitallty and enormous really, not only to Bob, but to all young other cities on the edge of bankruptcy. effectiveness. But what struck one most was people who do their very best for the The governors take the position that the the Joyousness he brought to all his tasks. proper way to save money In federal aid He knew and rellshed every detall-he was time given to them. We are trul~ programs is to eliminate programs that pro­ better prepared and knew more than any of gratefuL• duce little or no good, and to cut down on his skllled staffs-and he loved every minute red tape and unnecessary administrative of lt. costs of the ones remaining. He had great warmth and humanity. He Governor Snelling, in a letter to Senator was a hard fighter, a great winner, and, al­ REVENUE SHARING Bentsen, said that the federal government's though he hated to lose, he lost wl.th grace fiscal problems are not caused by the $2 bll­ and generosity. Indeed, grace and charm lion a year that has gone to the states over characterized all his actions. HON. OLYMPIA J. SNOWE the past eight years through the revenue­ He was an American, looked up to and OF MAINE sharing program but rather "by the 1nab111ty admired around the world and, ln an era of Congress, with its more than 300 com­ when there are sadly so few of whom that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mittees and subcommittees, to control hun­ can be said, he wlll be missed almost as Tuesday, February 13, 1979 dreds of billions of dollars in narrow, cate­ greatly abroad as he ls at home. gorical grant programs, each supported by It Is particularly sad that he had to go • Mrs. SNOWE. Mr. Speaker, as a mem­ special interest groups and federal bureauc­ when he and his unique talents were most ber of the Subcommittee on Intergovern­ racies." needed. But we were lucky Indeed that Nel­ mental Relations and Human Resources The governors are on the right track. But son Rockefeller so enriched the country for of the House Government Operations instead of consolidating federal aid pro­ so long by his public service, the generosity Committee which will be considering re­ grams, as the governors suggest, Congress that ls Inbred ln his family, and by his happy authorization of the revenue-sharing keeps creating more categorical grant pro­ spirit. program, I found the following editorial grams. Since 1975, the number has increased His lnsplr·atlon and hls examples may well in the Washington Star noteworthy, and from 442 to 492, each with its own lobbying be hls greatest gifts to his country and to groups inside and outside the federal govern­ the world.e I commend it to my colleagues' atten­ ment and each with its own congressional tion: committee and subcommittee protectors. KEEP REVENUE SHARING It Senator Bentsen is serious about cut­ It may seem hypocritical for states to urge ting down on federal aid costs to balance the that the federal government balance its budget, he ought to try taking on some of TRIBUTE TO LT. COMDR. ROBERT G. budget while their governors work to keep those special interests and congressional HUGHES the federal "revenue sharing" program going. power sources who allow wasteful categori­ And to a certain extent it is. The federal cal grant programs to continue.e budget would be more than balanced 1! the HON. GILLIS W. LONG flow of U.S. treasury funds to state and local OF LOUIS IAN A governments were cut off. This flow will IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES amount to some $80 blllion for fiscal 1979, THE HONORABLE PAUL NITZE-THE more than twice the anticipated $37 blllion Tuesday, February 13, 1979 federal deficit. RELATIONSHIP OF THE STRATE­ But as a practical matter all federal aid GIC NUCLEAR BALANCE TO THE • Mr. LONG of Louisiana. Mr. Speaker, isn't going to be eliminated, so the question GENERAL MILITARY AND POWER I wanted to take this opportunity to comes down to where savings might best be BALANCE share with my distinguished colleagues made. We agree with the governors that the a few remarks in memory of Lt. Comdr. "revenue sharing" program Is not the appro­ Robert Garfield Hughes. Commander priate place to look first for cuts. HON. FLOYD SPENCE Hughes was the son of a close friend of The revenue sharing program-which pro­ OF SOUTH CAROLIN A vides about $6 bllllon a year to state and mine, known also to many of you, Rear IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVER Adm. William C. Hughes. Bill Hughes has local governments-Is, in our opinion, one of the more successful fiscal ventures of the Tuesday, February 13, 1979 had a distinguished career in the NavY federal government. The money comes with and his son, Bob, was carrying on the few strings attached and therefore doesn't • Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, the limita­ highest standards of the family tradi­ require a large cadre of Washington bureau­ tion of strategic arms is a public policy tion. crats and social planners to tell state and issue that is at once complicated and of Bob Hughes was a graduate of the U.S. local officials In minute detall how they can overriding importance to the Nation's spend it and to lay down an ever bigger maze security. I am inserting in the RECORD an Naval Academy and was commissioned of red tape before the checks can be dis­ an ensign in June 1967. A year later he bursed. address by the Honorable Paul Nitze de­ completed his flight tr.aining. Between Yet Sen. Lloyd Bentsen, D-Tex., introduced livered February 8, 1979, at a seminar September 1969 and December 1972 he legislation last week to eUminate $2.28 bll­ dealing with strategic and regional secu­ flew numerous combat missions. He was llon that would go to state governments un­ rity issues. Mr. Nitze, a former Deputy such a proficient pilot, that he was des­ der revenue sharing ln fiscal 1980. He would Secretary of Defense, Secretary of the ignated an air combat maneuvering continue that portion of funding that goes NavY, and SALT negotiator succinctly instructor. to county and municipal governments. Senator Bentsen reasons that since the states the concerns shared by many who Lt. Comdr. Hughes has been awarded federal government is running a deficit and have followed developments in the SALT the Silver Star and the Navy Commenda­ states collectively are showing a surplus for II negotiations. I believe his statement to tion Medal, as well as numerous other the current fiscal year, the federal govern­ be a useful examination of the differences commendations for gallantry and out­ ment is justified in discontinuing their share between the goal of strategic weapons standing perfor.mance of duty. of the revenue sharing program. limitation, which we all share, and the Predictably, governors are upset. Vermont Late in January, his jet was involved specifics of the SALT II provisions, about Gov. Richard Snelling, an official of the Na­ which many, including myself, have in a mid -air collision over the ocean off tional Governors' Association, claims that the coast of California, and Lt. Comdr. Senator Bentsen's argument is misleading. grave doubts. Hughes was killed at the age of 33 He points out that most of the states are THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE STRATEGIC NUCLEAR Thirty-three years is very young to hav~ required by law to have balanced operating BALANCE TO THE GENERAL MILITARY AND received the honors this young man had budgets, which means that they must budget POWER BALANCE for a small year-end balance to protect At all times since World War II the Soviet bestowed on him. I have no doubt that he against contingencies. He also notes that, Union has had superior conventional non­ was slated for the highest leadership unlike the federal government, most states nuclear forces on the European Central front positions in the Navy. have separate capital budgets and that they and on Its northern and southern flanks. This The worth of a life is boot measured, do go into debt for capital expenditures. has been due, in part, to geography, the USSR not in Years, but in commitment, and What no doubt also hurts governors ts enjoying the central position and interior courage, and integrity and service. Bob's that Senator Bentsen's proposal seems to lines, and, in part, to the greater effort they presuppose that city and county officials are and the Warsaw Pact have made than has life was very valuable indeed, but I think more efficient than state officials at getting NATO. we all mourn most the loss of potential more bang out of the federal buck, a highly In the years up to the early 1950s this So­ when young people are denied the com- questionable assumption considering what's viet conventional superiority was offset by 2570 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 13, 1979 the U.S. nuclear monopoly. Later the conven­ THE ORIGINAL U.S. OBJECTIVES FOR SALT II its ICBMs. Even if one assumes the survival tional deficiency was in large measure offset Enough is now known about what has of most of our bombers on alert and our sub­ by U.S. theater nuclea.r weapons. Today the already been agreed in SALT II to judge the marines at-sea the residue at our command U.S. theater nuclear superiority has disap­ extent to which the original objectives of after a Soviet initial counterforce attack peared, and it has proved necessary to assign the U.S. side for SALT II have been achieved. would be strategically out-matched by the a number of our POSEIDON submarines to Specifically, our aim, when we began the Soviet Union's retained war-making cover targets of interest to NATO. As the negotiations six years ago, was a treaty of capabillty. Soviets deploy increasing numbers of SB-20 indefinite duration, to parallel the ABM The fourth casualty has been true reduc­ MIRVed missiles, BACKFIRE, and other high Treaty. This treaty was to provide: tions. Although the number of Soviet launch­ performance theater bombers, more and more Limits on offensive nuclear capab11ities ers wlll decline from around 2,500 to 2,250 of our surviving stra.tegic nuclear forces wlll equal for both sides. during the term of the treaty, the more sig­ be called upon for a.ssignmen t to the theate·r Terms assuring "crisis stab1lity," that is, nificant indices of nuclear power wlll rise mission. a situation where, in a. crisis threatening dramatically; pa.rticularly on the Soviet side, For most of the post-World War II era the war, there would be no significant advan­ but on our side as well. The number of Soviet U.S. Navy has enjoyed unchallenged control tage to the side striking first, preempting, warheads will have increased some three­ of the seas. This assured that we could pro­ or launching from under indications of fold;_ ours by a. half. The a.rea destructive capab1litles of Soviet weapons wlll have in­ ject our power, wherever needed,. on the pe­ attack. riphery of the Eurasian landmass. The Soviet Limits caUlng for, consistent with, true creased by a half; ours by a quarte·r. The cap­ Union had no comparable power-projection reduction in offensive nuclear armaments ability of their wea.pons to knock out har­ capablllty. Today they, together with their and their capabllities and in related expendi­ dened ta.rgets, such as missile solos, will have increased ten-fold; if our cruise missiles, still associates in the so-called "camp of peace and tures. freedom," are on the way to developing such The limits should be verifiable, meet the under development, fulfill present expecta­ tions, ours will have increased four-fold. The a capab111ty. Even now their intermediate­ legitimate concerns of our ames, and be range nuclear weapons, such as the SS-20s low enough to be economically and polit­ sponsors of SALT II do not anticipate that and the BACKFIRES, provide an umbrena ically feasible for the United States to attain. SALT II wlll warrant a reduction in our ex­ arching out some two to three thousand In sum, the agreements should be such penditures on nuclear forces, nor that the miles from the Soviet borders over Europe, as to redume the risks of nuclear war and SOviets will reduce theirs. the Middle East, South Asia, and China. the weight of nuclear armaments on world By 1985, under the limits Olf SALT II and The wlllingness of either side to use con­ politics. taking into ·account the current progrruns of ventional or theater nuclear weapons in a Finally, for there to be a valid agreement, the two sides, it will be virtually imposs.t:ble confrontation not involving the territory the terms must be acceptable both to the for the United, States to a.void a situation in of the other is importantly affected by the Soviet leadership and to two-thirds of the which our prompt counterforoe ca.pa.blllty confidence it has in the quality of its stra­ United States Senate. 111gainst hardened military targets (sllos; tegic forces relative to those of the other For reasons to be considered in a minute, command, control and communioa.tion cen­ side. the terms, now all but finally agreed, meet ters; storage depots; and shelters for leader­ The Soviet leaders have a full understand­ none of these original objectives, except ship pel"SSnnel; etc.) w111 be less than a.n ing of the potential destructiveness of nu­ perhaps the last. eighth that of the Soviet Union. This will be clear weapons. I! this were not so they THE SUBSEQUENT NEGOTIATING CASUALTIES compounded by the fact that they will have would not have demanded such enormous double the number of hard targets, each, on The first casualty, abandoned in 1974, was the average, twice as hard as ours. sacrifices from their population to create the hope for a treaty of indefinite duration the forces they are creating. Nor would they paralleling the ABM Treaty. We settled in A bad agreement, even 1f wholly verifiable, have persisted year after year in a civil 1974 for a short term pact to end in 1985; is stlll a bad agreement. In addil.tion, however, defense program some ten times as elaborate a time when the strategic relationship be­ the extent to which the strategically signft­ and costly as the civil defense program the tween the two sides is likely to be least cant terms of SALT II will be vertlfta.ble re­ Executive Branch is now considering. They favorable to the United States. mains very much in doubt. do not want a nuclear war. The best way to The second casualty was equality. Not­ In sum, I believe SALT II, as now envis­ avoid a nuclear war is to have overwhelming withstanding the equal limits to 2,400-and aged, will not reduce the risks of war. I be­ superiority. As Clausewitz put it, the aggres­ later 2,25Q--on strategic nuclear delivery ve­ lieve it wlll dramatically increase the risks of sor never wants war, he would prefer to enter hicles, and to 820 on MIRVed ICBM launch­ war, particularly 1f it reinforces a judgment your country unopposed. ers, neither the actuality of equality nor the that we are militarily stronger than the But the Soviet Union does propose that appearance, if one takes a second look, is USSR at a time when we are not. War and de­ no important decisions be made in the preserved. To illustrate: feat arise from just such gross :misjudgments world without its alms and ambitions be­ Within the permitted number of ICBM of relative military capab111ties by the weaker ing taken fully into account. And beyond launchers, the Soviet Union is permitted of two opposed powers. On the other hand, a that, much of what they do, and what they more than 300 very large ICBMs of the latest subsequent, more realistic reevaluation of the say to internal audiences within Russia, type. Our side-none. balance at a time when it is too late· to reverse is consistent with the hypothesis that they It will be impossible for the U.S. to have trends, could result in forced accommodation aspire to world hegemony. more than 550 MIRVed ICBM launchers at to the Soviet Union .• The Chinese Communists, who know tho the time the treaty lapses; probably fewer. Kremlin well, tell us that the current focus The Soviet side almost certainly will have de­ of Soviet strategy is on Western Europe, ployed its full 820. that they aim to outflank Europe by achiev­ we are permitted to have no more than NELSON A. ROCKEFELLER ing dominance over the Middle East, that three warheads on each of our MIRVed they propose to outflank the Middle East by ICBMs. The Soviet Union is permitted and is HON. CHARLES PASHAYAN, JR. achieving controlllng positions in Afghani­ expected to have deployed four, six, and ten stan, Iran, and Iraq on one side, South warheads on each of its SS-17s, -19s, and OF CALIFORNIA Yemen, Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Mozambique -18s, respectively. The U.S. wlll be permitted IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to test a new ICBM missile with up to ten on the other, and by achieving the neu­ Tuesday, February 13, 1979 trality of Turkey to the north. Concur­ warheads during the period of the treaty. However, we wm almost certainly not be able rently, they are attempting to encircle China 0 Mr. PASHAYAN. Mr. Speaker, much by pressure on Pakistan and India., by al­ to deploy such a missile within that time period. has been said and written about the liance with Vietnam and dominance over The Soviet BACKFIRE bombers, and com­ many achievements of Nelson A. Rocke­ North Korea. Even in Cuba they are put­ parable U.S. bombers, will be exempt from feller. After a very full and productive ting their finger in our eye. the count of strategic launchers. The USSR life the list seems endless. In my mind, In pursuing their global strategy they use, wlll have 300 to 400 BACKFIRE bombers by however, I will always remember him in connection with each specific objective, 1985. Our side will have no similar planes by in his service to the Nation as Vice Pres­ the lowest level of pressure or of violence 1985 beyond its presently less proficient and necoosary to achieve that objective. The pur­ much less numerous FB-111s. ident. pose of their capablllties at the higher levels The third casualty,. and the most worri­ He once said that he never wanted to of potential violence, all the way up to all­ some, is "crisis stabllity." Over the past fif­ be No. 2 of anything. He had fought long out nuclear war, is to deter, and 1! neces­ teen years it would not have profited either and hard on several occasions to win sary control, escalation by us to such higher side to attack first. It would have required nomination to the Nation's highest of­ levels. the use of more ICBMs by the attacking side fice, yet he had always declined the role The significance of the SALT II negotia­ than the attack could have destroyed. By the of running as the second man on a party tions, which have been going on for more early 1980s that situation will have changed. ticket. than six years, is that through them we have By that time, the Soviet Union wlll be in a been attempting to put a ca.p on both sides' position to destroy 90 percent of our ICBMs That all changed, however, during a capabilities at those higher levels. with an expenditure of a fifth to a third of very critical period in our history. February 13, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2571 Through the wise foresight of President United Nations has been providing for the The irony is that, while democratic sym­ Gerald Ford, Nelson Rockefeller was ap­ grotesquely misnamed Palestine Liberation bols are far the most powerful in the world, pointed Vice President under the pro­ Organization. The PLO operates at the Unit­ the antidemocratic forces are somehow able ed Nations under a "cover" voted for it back to seize them, much as George Orwell de­ visions of the 25th amendment to the in 1975-the "Committee on the Exercise of scribed in his fable "1984.'' Constitution. BY placing duty to country the Inalienable Rights of the Palestine Along about 1950, for example, Stalin's above all else, Vice President Rockefeller People." Russia had come almost to own the word assumed office with unquestioned integ­ On June 28, the Senate, without a single "peace" in international debate. The more rity and with great vigor. Although he objection, adopted an amendment I had pro­ receptive the world becomes to Soviet lin­ served for only a matter of months, he posed to reduce the American contribution guistic imperialism the more will the na­ has firmly secured a place in American to the United Nations by our proportionate tions of the world begin to accommodate share of the Palestinian committee's budget. themselves to Soviet strategic aspira.stions. In history.e The United States pays about a fourth of this way, the process of strategic accom­ U.N. expenditures, so we were, in effect, con­ modation can be effectively hidden-mostly tributing about $200,000 to a PLO organiza­ from the future victims of Soviet imperial DIRTORTIONS OF POLITICAL tion whose principal purpose is the dissemi­ advance. LANGUAGE nation of vicious antidemocratic, anti­ There was a time when the isolation of Israeli, anti-American propaganda. Just this the Soviets and their sympathizers in the month, 27 of my colleagues in the Senate world body was one of the central facts of HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO joined me in a letter to the president urging, international polltics. But precisely 'because OF CALIFORNIA over again, that the funds be withheld. of a peculiar American insensitivity to the problem of "semantic infiltration" these past IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES To understand the committee, simply remember it was created by the General As­ years, the situation is now reversed. Inter­ Tuesday, February 13, 1979 sembly on Nov. 10, 1975, the same day of national politics seems, increasingly, to be the notorious ~esolution declaring Zionism a realm where totalitarian concepts of pol­ e Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, my to be a form of racism. · itics and economics are prominent, 1! not colleague in the Senate, the Honorable That venomous episode, of course, was the dominant. DANIEL PATRICK MOYNIHAN, recently most brazen and ominous instance of the That the Soviets will seek to seize control authored an article concerning the dis­ perversion of language in recent memory. of the language of polltics is obvious; that tortion of political language. I think it And so it was necessary to warn at the time our own foreign affairs establishment should succintly states a growing problem of the that this was but the beginning, that the remain bllnd to what is happening is dan­ characterization of various political en­ totalitarian states were succeeding in de­ gerous. stroying the language of human and political We think of the U.N. Charter as a protec­ tities by journalists in today's press. rights, that the very states that were en­ tion for us against possible aggressors. But The article follows: thusiastic supporters of the Soviet-inspked the real value of the system is not so much [From the Washington Post, Nov. 21, 1978] resolution on Zionism would inevitably find to a great power llke the United States, rich themselves victims of the same tactic. in resources and military potential, but to DISTORTIONS OF POLITICAL LANGUAGE With repressing predictab111ty, the U.S. the small nations of the world that must On Sunday, Oct. 1, an American newspaper Department of State chose not to see an issue ultimately rely on the protections the world began its report on a battle in Lebanon as where one was clearly present. Apparently, community affords them. follows: "Syrian peacekeeping troops pound­ there is no inclination to raise this matter I recall very well that, in Nov., 1975, the ed rightwing Christian m111tias in and at the United Nations directly, and a wholly poor African country of Somalia sponsored around Beirut yesterday ... in the worst ex­ misleading calm thus settles over the the anti-Zionism resolution. Its co-sponsors plosion of fighting since the Lebanese civil organization. were Cuba and Libya, and all acted on the war . . . " supposedly ended two years ago. What else happens during this supposed behest of Russia. The government of Somalia This is at once a startling and a fam111ar era of good feelings? One example: Just last was carefree, even arrogant, in the way it sentence. month, on Sept. 12, the "Decolonization was willing to allow .the United Nations to The terms have no relation to reality, yet Committee" of the U.N.'s General Assembly destroy the language of polltical rights. they have become commonplace. The in­ -voted 10 to 0 (with 12 abstentions) to con­ But, in late 1977, Somalla itself became a vasion of Lebanon by Syrian and PLO demn the relationship between the United victim of Soviet ambition-and thereby a forces becomes a Lebanese "civil war." The States and Puerto Rico. The Cuban resolu­ victim of its own willingness to distort the Syrian invasion forces become "peacekeep­ tion declared the United States was guilty of U.N. Charter. Indeed, when Somalla was ing troops." The people defending Lebanon's colonialism in Puerto Rico, of stifling politi­ bombed by the Soviet-made airplanes of constitutional arrangements become "right­ cal expression, of holding political prisoners. neighboring Ethiopia 1n the name of "na­ Now the 10 states who voted to condemn tional liberation," no one seemed interested wing Christians." in Somalla's pllght. And so it goes. This is but one unhappy example of a us were, without exception, dictatorial re­ gimes-the Soviet Union, Iraq, Syria, Cuba, Yet there are opportunities for a reversal dangerous trend in the way we discuss po­ of these trends, but surely they require a litical developments, especially in interna­ China, Bulgaria, Tanzania, Afghanistan, Chile, Czechoslovakia. All are guilty of what willingness to recognize the problem. tional affairs. Fred C. Ikle has coined the It happens that tomorrow, the U.N. Edu­ term "semantic infiltration" to describe it. they falsely accuse the United States. Since when, for example, does the Soviet Union cational, Scientific and Cultural Organiza­ Simply put, semantic infiltration is the believe in the "inalienable right to self­ tion meeting in Paris, may well have the process whereby we come to adopt the lan­ determination and independence"? critical vote about the U.N.'s position on guage of our adversaries in describing po­ the "mass media.'' What is this about? For litical reality. The most brutal totalitarian For several years, I have maintained that several years, the Soviets and their ad­ we need to become far more sensitive to these herents have been attempting to secure pas­ regimes in the world call themselves "libera­ distortions of political language that are tion movements"; it is perfecty predictable everywhere around us. sage of a U.N. declaration that would de­ that they would misuse words to conceal clare that governments have primacy in the their real nature. But must we aid them in The costs of inattention seem to escape matter of news.reporting and news gather­ that effort by repeating those words? Worse, even those among us who pride themselves ing. do we begin to influence our own preceptions on thek "hardheadedness" in matters of Moreover, the draft declaration they by using them? geopolitics and m11itary strategy. Surely, originally prepared made it plain that the Soviet gains in Afghanistan or in Ethiopia mass media have no true purpose save to In recent months, the foreign policy of or in some other place are visible. Their the Carter administration has been bedeviled advance the foreign policy objectives of the gains in the realm of political discourse may totalitarian states. It is, indeed, an outstand­ by a seeming inab111ty to distinguish the be less obvious, but nonetheless important proper meaning of political words. ing instance of the process of "semantic in­ over the long term. Consider: When the filtration"; the totalltarians seek to destroy During the summer, State Department question of Puerto Rico was before a com­ spokesmen took to calling the pro-Soviet freedom of the press by invoking the prin­ mittee of the United Nations, not one coun­ ciple of freedom of the press. That draft dec­ mUltary organizations in southern Africa try concluded that its interests could be "liberation forces." Even as the State De­ laration thus became a threat to every served by identification with the United news-gathering and and news-disseminating partment proclaimed its neutrality in the States. conflicts there, its very choice of words-its organization in the free world. Efforts are use of the vocabulary of groups opposed to These episodes are not isolated events. under way to defang it, and tomorrow's our values-undermined the legitimacy of Rather, they are inseparable from a larger scheduled vote may well determine their the pro-Western political forces in the area. process under way since totalitarian power fate. became a major factor in world politics. The Meanwhile, the leaders of our communica­ We pay for small concessions at the level totalitarians seek to supplant the West's tions industry remain far in advance of of language with large setbacks at the level political culture with their own system. In our government on these points. It is en­ of practical politics. order to do it, they understand they must couraging, for instance, that the five-person There is no better lllustration than the seize the symbols and the vocabulary of U.S. delegation to the UNESCO meeting in­ current conttoversy over the support the progress. cludes a journalist, William Attwood, News- 2572 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 13, 1979 day's board chairman. Publishers and edi­ top officials may not, for two years after the OPEC producers. Or, conversely, the tors from around the world increasingly leaving office, "aid, assist, counsel, advise or potentials exist for a Mexico as another have come to sense their common danger. assist in representing" anyone before the Iran. The key to the Mexican success is There is, above all, in the American press, government on a matter for which he bad a fighting tradition that the· totalitarian responsibillty, even indirectly. their ability to develop their oil potential states will soon discover if they persist in This last one is the big potential trouble­ in a way that is supportive and comple­ provoking us.e maker. It does not just require that a per­ mentary to their overall economy. The son avoid fishy or even remotely question­ key to our ''success" is in our ability to able contact with government himself after understand their dilemma and to assist leaving office. Practically speaking, for many them in overcoming the major impedi­ THE NEED TO AMEND THE ETHICS people this could also cut off for two years ments to their growth. the opportunity to work for almost anyone This can be accomplished through an LAW who had almost anything to do with their former employer. Hale Champion, the under­ ongoing discussion and a cooperative secretary of HEW, observed the other day effort between the two nations. Sr. Fuen­ HON. CARLOS J. MOORHEAD that this would pretty much cut him off tes' proposal for a bilateral commission OF CALIFORNIA from any reasonable employment opportu­ is one suggestion that has raised the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nities when he leaves office, and the same is most potential for such mutuality of ef­ Tuesday, February 13, 1979 probably true for countless others-especially fort. I join with Sr. Fuentes, as I believe scientists, educators and technicians. many of my colleagues do, in calling for e Mr. MOORHEAD of California. Mr. The big furor in government about this such a commission. Speaker, I am most encouraged about now concerns the fact that unless individuals have left office by July 1 of this year, they LISTEN YANKEE, MEXICO Is A NATION, NOT AN the recent concern reflected in the Wash­ OIL WELL ington Post and elsewhere, over the ad­ will come under the new act's terms. So verse effects of the conflict of interest there is considerable heaving and baing about (by Carlos Fuentes) what to do to tame the trouble. Naturally, MExico CITY.-on St. Valentine's Day, provisions in the new "Ethics in Govern­ by way of making the thing "reasonable"­ Presidents Jimmy Carter and Jose L6pez ment Act." Specifically, in a February 5 this is always what happens-the legislators Portillo will meet on this "high metaphysical editorial, the Post described the new re­ put in certain explanations and refinements valley," as the writer Alfonso Reyes once strictions on pbstgovernment employ­ and exceptions which, as always, only have called it. The American president wm be ment as "punitive and misguided to a de­ made matters more complicated. What is it sandwiched between the visits of Pope John gree almost bound to cause an exodus of exactly that thou shalt not do, if thou hap­ Paul II and the president of France, Valery decent and valuable people from office." pens to be an affected 08-17? No one can Giscard d'Estaing. This is a bit like playing be entirely sure. An Office of Government the Phyllis Diller role, following Sophia The Post concludes: "bad law is bad law," Ethics (Orwell would surely have called it Loren and preceding Brigitte Bardot. and urges rectifying amendments. Today the Ministry of Virtue) bas been established John Paul was welcomed by millions of I am introducing legislation to repeal the to sort matters out. Presumably in the regu­ people; in an era of resurgent spiritual move­ 1-year- no-contract provision and to lations it is scheduled to issue, the ethics ments, he has shown (to the horror of modify the overly restrictive provision office can in some measure modify the harsh­ Mexico's official but minority Jacobinism) dealing with a former official's associa­ ness of the law. But felonies-two years and that the southern neighbor of the United tion with a particular matter. At this $10,000-are felonies. And bad law is bad States might be as swayable as Iran by its law. We think the administration and Con­ deep and ancient religious commitments. And time, I want to take this opportunity to gress should start urging a rational and gen­ Giscard represents the nation most admired insert the full text of the Post's fine erous interpretation of the "regs" on this by Mexicans for its intellectual and cultural editorial into the RECORD, and urge my law as an immediate step-and that Con­ achievements. Besides, he has proven to be colleagues consideration. gress, with administration support, should both a practical and respectful economic THOU SHALT NOT-WHAT? start cranking out some amendments to partner and one of the few statesmen of The good news is that people in Congress undo the over-reactive and under-intelligent world stature in today's barren landscape. and the executive branch have, over the past aspects of the law itself-and fast.e Giscard's message has been, in effect, that several years, got rid of the defective notion progress is no longer what it used to be. An that conflict-of-interest is something a per­ era of exceptional growth ended in lo973; oil son might be afflicted with on the way into prices, demography and, "perhaps, even more, government, but not on the way out. For it A CALL FOR A BILATERAL spiritual evolution," will temper the excesses used to be that almost no mind was paid to COMMISSION of the splashy and splurgy brand of progress what a person did by way of exploiting his the West and its dependent oligarchies in government connection once he had gone the Third World knew between Bretton on to the private afterlife, just as long as HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. Woods and the Arab oil embargo. Behind he had been more or less stripped of rele­ Giscard's wise observations and pragmatic vant assets-and dignity and privacy-be­ OF CALIFORNIA policies looms a new reality: that of com­ fore taking federal office. Now that is dif­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES bining future growth with the reappearance of cultural factors as a determining force ferent. A great deal of attention is paid to Tuesday, February 13, 1979 the manner in which people depart govern­ in national and world affairs. ment service and how they behave once gone. • Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. Speak­ Against all hopes and forecasts, the re­ And that brings us to the bad news: As er. I would like to call to the attention discovery of the cultural facts of life has seems to be the American way in these mat­ of my colleagues an article that recently been embodied by nationalism. Marx would ters, the nation has evidently once again turn in his grave; more than one multina­ overdone it, crafting a statute governing the appeared in the Washington Post by a tional executive swivels in his chair. But from post-governmental life of federal officials distinguished Mexican author Carlos Algeria to Tanzania to China to Canada, the that is punitive and misguided to a degree Fuentes. Sr. Fuentes, whose many novels national aspiration, the need to embody the almost bound to cause an exodus of decent have been prosaic of the past and proph­ culture in a national state and a national and valuable people from office. etic of the future, echoes to this Nation society, is still the strongest moving force We are not using the word "punitive" on the eve of our Mexican encounter, a as the world plunges towards the 21st cen­ metaphorically here. Three punishable message of heed. "Listen Yankee, Mexico tury. Culture has triumphed ove·r economic crimes are established in the statute (the determinism and national interests have Ethics in Government Act of 1978) whose is a Nation, Not an Oil Well." ove·rcome ideology. labryrinthine terms are only now beginning The message, a call for mutual respect The presidents of Mexico and the United to become clear to the wide variety of indi­ and understanding is not a new one, for States will discuss less than metaphysical viduals who will come under its jurisdiction. the history of our relations with Mexico realities when they meet on the same stage Roughly, these involve: 1) a strengthening is one fraught with paternalism and mis­ where Montezuma once received Cortes for of the terms of a lifetime ban (already in understanding. But the context is the merging of the New and the Old Worlds. effect) against almost any federal employ­ Mr. Carter would do well to dwell not only on ee's representing outside interests in cases changed now that it is known that energy, trade and immigration, but on the before government concerning matters with Mexico is poised on a sea of oil. The po­ larger issues at hand. These have to do, in which he had had a substantial personal tential for Mexican production and ex­ reality, with the cultural substance and the connection while in office; 2) a sort of year­ port of oil and natural gas raises untold national identity of Mexico, with the viab111ty long Umbo for top-level executive-branch of the Mexican state and the respect due to officials and military officers who will be possibilities of Mexico as the new Saudi the design for the future which is univer­ barred from having any professional dealings Arabia, of a Mexico unburdened by sally known in Mexico as the "national with their former agencies or place of work unemployment of balance-of-payments project." for the first 12 months after they have left problems, and, more important to us, of Mexico is heir to ancient civil1za.tions. The office; and, 3) a. provision that these same a United States free from the tyranny of Indian world is as alive as the rich strains February 13, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2573 of Renaissance, Enlightenment and modern Marines to rape the Seven Sisters. The dif­ and Sen. Adlai Stevenson III stupidly blocked industrial culture. Carter, in fact, will be ference ·between the halls of Montezuma and credits for the sale of Mexican natural gas visiting one of the truly polycultural nations the shores of Tripoli is that Mexico owns to the United States. of today's world. Mexico's existence since its oil resources totally and manages all the Mexico would be happy to sell the remain­ 1810, when the parish priest Miguel Hidalgo elements of its industry, from exploration to ing 500,000 daily barrels to the United States, declared independence from Spain, has been exportation. It would take the Marines to considered, in L6pez Portillo's words, "a nat­ one long struggle for identity and integrity; divert Mexico from its national energy poli­ ural but not a privileged client." But will for territorial integrity in the 19th cenutry, cies in order to become ·the servile supplier American hunger for oil be content with against American "Manifest Destiny" and of American needs dictated by American what amounts to 5 percent of its foreseeable European imperial ambitions; and for na­ gluttony and American whim. oil imports for 1985? Why shouldn't Mexico tional identity through the revolutionary The American public should recall that, in go whole hog and raise its production to movement of the first 40 years of this cen· 1938, President Lazaro Cardenas nationalized Persian Gulf levels of 5, 7, even 10 million tury. all the holdings of American, British and barrels a day? The United States, as both the hegemonic Dutch oil companies in Mexico, in compli­ Simply because, answers Mexico's able power within the Hemisphere and Mexico's ance with Article 27 of the Mexican Consti­ young minister for industrial developement immediate neighbor to the north, has played tution. London and The Hague broke off Jose Andres de Oteyza, by setting a ceiling on the leading role in Mexican foreign rela­ diplomatic relations with Mexico City. In production at 2.5 million barrels per day, and tions. Half our national territory was lost spite of the thunder from the right, Franklin limiting exports to 1 million a day, Mexico to the armies of Zachary Taylor and Win­ D. Roosevelt refused to follow suit. Ably will achieve a spectacular but healthy growth field Scott in 1948-against the protests of counseled by two exceptional American of 10 percent a year. The Mexican state will a lone congressman, Abraham Lincoln, and statesmen, Undersecretary of State Summer double its income (this is the argument a stubborn philosopher, Henry David Tho­ Welles and Ambassador Josephus Daniels, against rabid Mexican conservationists who reau, who, like Edmund Wilson a century FDR decided to face the challenge and re­ would not export a single barrel of oil) and later, refused to pay taxes that would finance spect Mexico's sovereign decision. In so doing, be able to invest heavily in four essential an unjust war. The Mexican Revolution was he prompted the American and Mexican pub­ growth sectors (oil, steel, electricity and fer­ misunderstood, harassed, menaced and un­ lics to digest one hundred years of adver­ tilizers) which will act as engines for an dermined by the United States in an at­ sary relationship and placed the American na­ overall plan to decentralize industry, banish ta.ck of the provincial blindness which seems tional interest where it truly lay: in Mexican new factories from Mexico City, attract de­ 'to afflict American foreign policy when it en­ partnership during World War II, when the velopment toward the border and coastal counters (as encounter it must) what it had Avila Camacho government, without yielding areas and stimulate the reallocation of popu­ lation near food-producing zones and in ignored. an inch in the matter of oil nationalization, Down Graham Greene's "lawless roads" labor-intensive agro-industrial projects. provided the Roosevelt war administration The conservationists' attitude would de­ traveled the thundering denunciations of with anti-Fascist militancy, strategic raw Secretary of State Kellogg, Sen. Albert Fall prive the state of the resources for this pol­ materials and that same cheap labor force icy. But uncontrolled production would trig­ (before his name became his destiny: He which comes in so handy in times of needs ger uncontrollable inflation, an abnormal de­ was convicted in the aftermath of Teapot and is so easily dismissed when the local velopment of up to 15 percent where a Dome) and the dusty hoofs of Pershing's police forces of Texas or California decide booming oil industry would deform an other­ punitive-expedition fruitlessly searching for to sneer at Carter's human rights campaign wise enfeebled economy, create the tempta­ Pancho Villa in the land and among the inside his own corral. Also, thanks to the tion to subsidize mendacity and assure the people who invented modern guerrilla war­ Roosevelt-Cardenas policies, Mexico became prompt exhaustion of the wells. Mexico fare, having decided, after the defeats at the United States' fourth trading partner in would soon sacrifice both its potential riches Churubusco and Chapultepec, never to wage the world and the first in the Western Hemi­ and its very important advantage over most academic war again. Although Engels urged sphere. oil-producing countries of the Third World: the United States to take over all of Mexi­ A QUESTION OF RESPECT Mexico, since 1920, has been establishing an can territory in the name of industrial prog­ As Carter and L6pez Portillo prepare to infrastructure capable of absorbing oil reve­ ress, Winfield Scott knew better: He had meet, a challenge as great as the one faced nue and using it wisely !or both sochl and seen the lurking eyes of ambush and the by their predecessors 40 years ago looms be­ productive goals. dark suction of protracted occupation on fore them. This challenge is not composed Beyond that limit lies the Abudabization heavily populated, .emotionally hostile and solely of the material factors of the prob­ of Mexico. culturally alien territory. lem--energy, trade and immigration. It also A NEW RELATIONSHIP THE IMPORTANCE OF OIL surpasses the supposed choice among three If the national project is respected by the No Marxist, certainly, is today advising the approaches to U.S.-Mexico's policy: an ad United States and well administered by Mex­ United States to consider a Mexican take­ hoc, issue-by-issue stance; t1- resurrection of ico, many of the irritants in the relations over. Yet, for the first time since the 1830s, the so-called "special relationship,'• which between the two countries will be modified, Mexico has become strategically important never existed in reaitty; or a frankly protec­ notably the amount and nature of Mexican to the United States. Then, it meant achiev­ tionist or even punitive. immigration to the United States. ing, at the expense of Mexican territorial in­ What is at stake is not a negotiating pro­ Both countries coexist under the mixed tegrity, the continental unity which would cedure or even this or that component of a system of modern capitalism. As is true be­ prepare the emergence of the United States hypothetical negotiation, important as any of tween the south and the north of Europe, the as a world power. Today, it means assuring the three issues in question indisputably are. free flow of the labor market is natural and an uninterrupted supply of oil and gas from In his now classic "Diplomacy for a Crowded sound: Mexican labor represents a collective a nearby source. Energy from Mexico can World," George Ball warned the U.S. that, aid to the American economy; it takes jobs; even be transported overland, and drawn "The problems one can predict between the from no one and pays its own way through from a friendly, stable nation. No more fears · United States and Mexico foreshadow those taxes considerably higher than the social we will face with many other countries. They of Middle East flareups, Arab blackmail, services it receives. Conversely, Mexico allows are problems for which we are not prepared­ the free flow of capital. The vast U.S. invest­ OPEC boycotts or unforeseen holy men top­ psychologically, emotionally, or in terms of pling the amiable, if somewhat brutal, shah ment in Mexico ($5.5 billion in 1978) is not of Iran. concrete plans and programs." hampered by hand-slicing fences, brutal cops As in 1938, the challenge consists in know­ Mexico is there and Mexico has 40.1 bil­ or other measures applied by the United ing whether the United States will respect States to the flow of labor. In fact, an Amer­ lion barrels of proven oil reserves, 44.6 billion Mexico's "national project." Mexico is a proud ican investor is even free to decapitalize the barrels of probable reserves and 200 billion nation which does not accept paternalistic Mexican economy by repatrhting all of his barrels of potential reserves. Mexico, further­ solutions recommended, much less imposed, earnings, which are usually gained in the more, is not a member of OPEC. And the from a.broad. most dyanmic and quickly profitable sectors United States, 'by 1985, will be facing a daily Furthermore, the national project now tak­ of the Mexican economy. internal demand of 22.5 million barrels a ing Shape in Mexico does not depend on oil. If the United States cannot be patient day. It will only be producing about half that Rather, oil depends on the national project. enough with Mexico's labor problem, Mexico amount. Thus, it will be forced to import 50 In 1982, Mexico hopes to expand its present can also lose patience with the problem of percent of its needs. And Mexico is so near production of 1.4 million daily barrels to 2.5 American capita.!. The Mexican government, to the United States, no matter how far from million, of which 1.5 would be reserved for under the constitution, has the authority to God ... internal consumption, following the unwrit­ apply to private property the modalities dic­ John Paul II may have shortened the tra­ ten rule set down by the 1938 nationaliza­ tated by the public interest. Exclusion of ditional distance between Mexico and God, tion: that oil is a nonrenewable .resource and foreign investment from certain sectors, a but many Mexicans feel that, in the case of must be used prima.rily for internal develop­ ban on repatriation of profits, can be among a real crisis, the United States would per­ ment. Another 1 million barrels a day would them. Two can tango. functorily abolish the space between them­ be left over for exportation. Half of that But this would lead us directly to con­ selves and Mexico. Did not Secretary Kis­ amount already has been committed through frontation politics. Mexicans do not believe singer, in 1974, menace the Arab states with long-term contracts with France, Spain, in a sudden change of heart in American m111tary intervention 1! U.S. energy require­ Japan and Israel-all actively negotiating policy. Superpowers behave cynically, but ments were not met? This saber-rattling with Mexico while Energy Secretary James they should not behave stupidly. Relations never fooled anybody. You don't send in the Schlesinger was playing the arrogant bully with Mexico are a challenge to the 1magina- 2574 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 13, 1979 tion of U.S. pollcymakers because the world If, as Ball says, the Mexican problem tore­ all firms can be classified as "small busi­ w111 judge and forecast Washington's atti­ shadows all others, lt is imperative that there nesses." The men and women who oper­ tudes toward the vast majority of the hu­ exist a body capable of giving the appropriate ate these businesses are truly among man race by its dealings with its southern danger signals when unreflective and even the hardest working people in America, neighbor. brutal attitudes emerge uncontrolled. Mex­ they have become part of the Nation's The 2,000-mile frontier between the two ico has a sorry experience in the matter: countries, it should be recalled, 1s also the Operation Intercept, commercial restrictions, "forgotten middleclass." boundary between the United States and cotton dumping, last October's Tortllla Wall In recent years the Federal Govern­ Latin America as a whole, and between the for Berlin-on-the-Rio-Grande) were all ment has burdened our small businesses world's strongest economic and mmtary sprung as surprises on a deteriorating, and with unnecessary and costly regulations. power and the Third World. The United far from "special," relationship. They have constantly been asked to make States has no closer contact with what is President L6pez PortUlo wm try to make sacrifices under the guise of controlling alien, different and challenging to its as­ President Carter realize that Mexico is a inflation. Despite doing more than most sumptions. Cuba is separated by those fa­ nation, not an oU well. It is up to Mexico mous 90 miles. In 1979, the Latin American to determine its nationhood. Its big pluses for their country, these enterprising peo­ countries nearest to, yet most alienated are there: the strong development of its ple do not ask for special treatment or from, the United States wlll be negotiating public sector in general and its oil industry Federal handouts. They only ask to be the nature of their relations with the United in particular; the capacity of its administra­ treated responsibly and be allowed to States into the coming century. If Cuba, be­ tive cadres; the diversification of its econ• operate their businesses in a competitive cause of its close association with Soviet bloc, omy; its sound infrastructure; the catholic­ market, free from Government inter­ gets more respect and understanding from ity of its intellectual debate on the history vention. the United States than Mexico, which has and destiny of the nation; its justifiable cul­ Re­ remained a close American trade, labor and tural pride. But there are also its flagrant I believe the Small Business Tax financial partner, the lesson wlll not be lost minuses: corruption; a disruptively unjust lief Act of 1979 addresses the problems on the rest of Latin America or the vast pattern of distribution of wealth; a vora­ of our business community and am reaches of the Third World. ciously antisocial entrepreneurial class; a happy to lend my support to it. It is not While on a visit furthering diversified eco­ seemingly uncontrollable demography; a lack a "free lunch," but rather provides for nomic relations and political support in of suftlcient channels for public debate. many reasonable and long-overdue re­ Japan and China last year, L6pez Portlllo de­ The great catastrophes of U.S. foreign pol­ forms. clared that Mexico stood very low in the lists icy have come about through a mixture of Mr. ScHULZE has previously provided a of U.S. "priorities" or respect. Since the Mexi­ cultural Ignorance and political impatience. can president uttered these words, U.S. public The isolation of the U.S.S.R. greatly abetted detailed analysis of this proposal which opinion and, presumably, the White House, Stalinism. Ambassador Sprullle Braden, by can be found in the CONGRESSIONAL REC­ have become aware of the Mexican priority. opposing hlm, virtually put Juan Per6n in ORD of January 29. Therefore, I will only Jorge Diaz Serrano, the dynamic and eftl­ power 1n Argentina. Three decades were lost briefiy highlight the main points of this cient head of Petr6leos Mexicanos (Pemex), before the Middle Kingdom and its "celes­ bill today. Again, I thank Mr. SCHULZE the state oil enterprise, is aware of how far tial bureaucracy" were perceived as cultural for his sponsorship of this bill and urge too much "priority" can go. He recently structures of an ancient civillzation, and my colleagues to join me in lending our warned the audience of the CBS Evening not the result of Marxist conspiracy. Tens of support to it. News that the Mexican people would not tol­ Thousands died before it was understood erate foreign interference in decisions af­ that Vietnam's historical mission has been In brief, the Small Business Tax Relief fecting the nation's oU and gas resources. In to contain Chinese expansionism. Nixon's Act would- conversation with this writer, he added that blind Intervention in Cambodia destroyed First. Provide for a tax free "rollover" American officials had grossly underestimated that nation's fabric for years to come. of a small business if all profits from the Mexican res111ence to pressure during the 111- Let not these mistakes take place in Mex­ sale of said business are reinvested in fated negotiations in Washington last year, ico. The price would be far higher. Mexico another small business within 18 when Schlesinger and Stevenson, in what was must sort out its own national priorities certainly not their finest hour, blocked gas without external pressures; otherwise, it months; sales and pipeline credit. Now the United could go down the drain of explosion or Second. Increase the amount of addi­ States must approach Mexico under less fa­ repression and the United States could end tional first-year depreciation which rn.S.y vorable conditions and in a more bitter up with a Cuba, an India or a Chile on its be deducted from the present $10,000 to atmosphere. - doorstep. $25,000; The American tendency to blackmail Carter can be sure of a warm welcome in Third. Provide for the rapid amorti­ through tradeoffs on issues that only be­ Mexico; my countrymen are past masters at come confused and debased in the process colorful receptions for foreign visitors. Less zation <36 months) of certain changes or does not enhance understanding. The eco­ overwhelming than the pope's, less glamor­ improvements to plant and equipment nomic, social and humane need for an open ous than Giscard's, the American president's which are required by Federal law or border cannot be linked to oil and gas supply. visit will be translated into an appropriate regulations; A BINATIONAL COMMISSION? media event. But It would be sad If all Carter Fourth. Increase the dollar limit for Misunderstanding in these matters should picked up in Mexico was the 1.5 percent of qualifying small Domestic International be avoided. Perhaps the time is ripe for some the vote which Hispanics could grant him In Savings Corporations for development of asbestos-re- February 13, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2577 lated diseases, however, 1t is our school­ Mr. Mccarthy served as press attache COMPLAINTS AND HABASSIONT aged children who face the greatest risk at the U.S. Embassy in Tehran in 1975- The Shah's claim that he enjoys the sup­ from exposure. 76. He is presently with the Washington port of "all the workers and most of the In my district, more than 50 percent bureau of the Buffalo Evening News. people" is also subject to question. During a trip to Iran last April I heard of the school districts which responded The July 9, 1978, Washington Post, widespread compla.tnts about "guns rather to a State survey indicate preliminary Outlook section carried a perceptive piece than butter" priorities, political corruption, evidence of the presence of asbestos in by Mr. McCarthy entitled, "Iran's Rising traffic congestion, pollution, poor sanitation, their buildings. This preliminary evi­ Opposition." It foresaw the crisis and is inflation, the decline in Iranian agriculture dence is based primarily on visual exami­ worth rereading today. and industrial production as well as short­ nation of ceiling types, for asbestos-con­ Under leave to extend my remarks in ages or erratic supplies of water, roads, com­ taining ceiling materials are fairly easily the REcORD, the article follows: munications and electric power. Education is scarce: The number of Irani­ identified. [From the Washington Post, July 9, 1978] ans of high school age actually in 'high school The existence of aSbestos in schools is IRAN'S RISING OPPOSITION-MUST U.S. CHOOSE declined from 30 percent in 1976 to 20 per­ by no means limited to Kentucky how­ BETWEEN THE SHAH AND THE SoVIETS? cent this year. The country has a severe ever; reports from several other States (By Max McCarthy) housing shortage, with 6.7 m1llion famiUe_s indicate that this is a widespread phe­ but only 5.3 million urban and rural housi;ng The Shah of Iran, in an interview in the units, less than half of which have piped. nomenon. June 26 issue of U.S. News & World Report, To their credit, several Members of water. A common sight is families living in concedes that protests against his regime tents pitched in holes in t'he ground. Congress recognized this problem early have increased but defiantly boasts: "Nobody Despite talk of "human rights" which most and have proposed varying solutions. I can overthrow me. I have the support of 700,- observers ascribe to President Carter's infiu­ have reviewed these alternatives care­ 000 troops, all the workers and most of the ence, opposition leaders are harassed. On fully, and I submit that the legislation I people ... I have the power." AprU 19 I visited the home of Rahmataollah am introducing today represents the best Some Wl')ll-informed Iranians here in Wash­ Moghaddam-Maragheh, a member of the means by which the Federal Govern­ ington, others in Iran and a number of Amer­ Iranian Committee for the Defense of Free­ ment can assist schools to deal with the icans fam111ar with the internal situation dom and Human Rights, and saw a. crater there think the shah may be whistling in the and other evidence of a bomb thrown into asbestos prOiblem. dark. They seriously question his assessment his property 10 days earlier. The homes of By this legislation I am proposing that of the degree of support he enjoys. Should three of his colleagues on the committee, the Government pay half the cost of they, rather than the monarch, prove correct, which includes prominent academic and pro­ surveying and testing buildings and that there is a possib111ty that U.S. troops would fessional figures, also were bombed. Another it set up an asbestos hazards control be required to save his throne for him. member sustained an explosion at his law loan program from which school dis­ By personally approving the promotion of office. Still another was forcibly taken from tricts could borrow, at no interest, up all officers from the rank of major or its his dental clinic, a sack placed over his head, to one-half the cost of the mitigation or equivalent on up, by paying handsome sal­ and severely beaten. Their explanation for removal of asbestos which poses an im­ aries to all officers and by providing them these acts of violence was that t'hey had sent with the latest and most sophisticated weap­ a telegram to the government in behalf of minent hamrd to the health and safety ons and equipment, the shah until recently some 200 political prisoners who staged a of children or employees of the schools. was able to maintain almost total control hunger strike to dema.nd improved prison I commend to my esteemed colleagues over his burgeoning mmtary establishment conditions. the approach taken in this legislation to and internal security forces. Dariush Foruhar, a lawyer who heads the help schools with an asbestos problem. I But a number of recent events have raised Union of the National Front Forces, a coali­ believe that it is the best approach and doubts about just how firm his control over tion of opposition parties, recalled how Iran's his forces is at this time. dissident elements were united and galva­ hope that we can obtain swift action by nized into action after police invaded Teh­ tho Congress on it. Late last year, for instance, Maj. Gen. ran's Qasr Prison on March 15. The police Asbestos presents a very serious health Ahmed Mogharebi was charged with having oftkers, not the prison guards, beat up the hazard. Eliminating the hazard from spied for the Soviet Union. Sources with ties fasting prisoners, Foru'har said, adding that school buildings would reduce the occur­ to the palace report that the shah was so mothers, sisters and other relatives of the rence of several fatal diseases. There is depressed over the treason of a trusted and inmates also were beaten when they showed no need for panic about the existence of high-ranking officer that he secluded himself up outside the prison, the nearby military for several days. When he emerged, he ordered tribunal and Tehran University. asbestos in schools, but there is need for that the general be executed immediately. Foruhar said the regime surrendered to decisive action. This legislation is the first As a result. Mogharebi was killed before tor­ the prisoners' initial demands four weeks step in a process which would insure a ture could extract from him the names of his after the strike began when it was faced healthier and safer environment for our fellow plotters. with nationwide protests, sympathetic school children.• "The regime never discovered the iden­ hunger strikes by young people, pleas from tities of Gen. Mogharebi's co-conspirators," clergy and intellectuals and the threat of Nasser G. Afshar, Washington-based publish­ the striking prisoners to abstain from water OUR FORMER COLLEAGUE, MAX er of the anti-Communist and anti-shah Iran as well as food. The regime gave in, he ex­ McCARTHY, FORESAW IRANIAN Free Press, recently told me. "They still are plained, because it feared that the prisoners' CRISIS in their key posts within the Iranian m111tary. deaths might have provided the spark to It is only a matter of time before they at­ set off the Iranian political powder keg. tempt to carry out Mogharebi's plan for a An Iranian employe of the American Em­ HON. LUCIEN N. NEDZI pro-·Soviet coup d'etat." basy, Reza Amini, told of tape cassettes con­ OF MICHIGAN Early this year, a high-ranking official of taining recorded sermons by Moslem clergy­ Savak (the Iranian secret police), AU Naqi men being secretly circulated throughout the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Rabbani, was condemned to death by a m111- country. He said the messages were •being Tuesday, February 13, 1979 tary court for spying for the Soviet Union. listened to by thousands of persons and their The investigation that led to Rabbani's ar­ content relayed to thousands of others. The • Mr. NEDZI. Mr. Sneaker, we are fre­ rest, according to Afshar, disclosed that ap­ basic message of one of the sermons by exiled quently told these davs that events in proximately 18 other high officials of Savak clergyman Ayatollah Ruholla Khomeini calls Iran caught the Unit.ed States and every­ and other sections of the government of Iran for a "religious crusade" to topple the shah. one else ·by surprise. That assertion, while were working for the KGB (the Soviet secret THE OVERLOOKED MIDDLE GROUND substantially true, also serves as a con­ police). Most of the opposition leaders I spoke with venient excuse for our policymakers and Another severe jolt involving Savak, on emphasized that they are wilUng to see the intelligence community. which the Shah relies heavily to deal with monarchy retained but under the terms of The fact remains. however, that what the political problems of one-party rule, came the 72-year-old Iranian constitution which in early June when, following a general strike is still technically in effect. It provides for a passes for an "intelligence assessment" is that shut down Tehran and three other cities, largely ceremonial constitutional monarch; nothing more mysterious than simply a the shah fired the head of Savak, his friend an independent judiciary; free press, as­ political judgment. and long-time confidant, Gen. NematoHah sembly, political activity and elections. A small group of American professors, Nasserl. Under the provisions of the 1906 document. specialists on Iran, did indeed warn An Iranian who formerly lived in the · decisionmaking is vested in a freely elected against the U.S. embrace of the Shah. So northern city of Tabriz told me that Iranian parliament, from whose members would be did a former colleague of ours, Max Mc­ police "turned their backs" on rioters and chosen a prime minister with executive that insurgent elements actually controlled power. Carthy, a three-term Democratic Con­ that city for "five or six hours" during a mid­ One opposition leader told me: gressman-1965-70-from Buffalo. February uprising there. "The average Iranian cannot forget the 2578 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 13, 1979 fact that the dictator responsiblle for most­ NAZI WAR CRIMES NOT SUBJECT murder without actually committing murder if not all-of his miseries was put on the TO STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS itself, as accessories only. This meant that throne by the United States in 1953. But only Nazis charged with premeditated despite this universal sentiment. America murder, who comprised about 5 percent of and its democratic traditions are admired by HON. WILLIAM LEHMAN the known war criminals, would be subject to prosecution. Iranians. OF FLORmA "Whatever legitimacy the shah might pre­ There is considerable sympathy among tend to have comes from abroad, principally IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES West German government and church leaders the United States. Iranians of all descrip­ Tuesday, February 13, 1979 for an extension of the Statute of Limita­ tions, even the shah's supporters, attach to tions. They feel that Germany can never close the U.S. word an importance far beyond the e Mr. LEHMAN. Mr. Speaker, the West the books on the terrible crimes committed true leverage Washington can apply in German statute of limitations for Nazi during the Nazi period. There is also con­ Tehran. war crimes is due to expire on December cern that East European countries may be withholding evidence with the aim of releas­ "Thus, President Carter is in the unique 31, 1979. Unless the Federal Republic of ing it after the 1979 cut-off date for propa• position of being able to save Iranians from Germany can be urged to extend its ganda purposes. the claws of a CIA-imposed despot by prac­ deadline, only one generation will have On the other hand, there are those today tically empty words. barely passed since the systematic mur­ in Germany who have serious reservations "A single statement from the White House, der of millions of people. about extending the Statute of Llmt,tations to the effect that the United States wlll not Should perpetrators of the most bru­ for a variety of reasons including: 1) an un­ intervene in internal Iranian affairs, where w1llingness to change an old German legal peoples' right to choose their government is tal crimes against humanity be allowed to go scot free because these Nazi war tradition; 2) an unwllllngness to continue concerned, is enough to put the shah to what they feel is self-fiagellation imposed flight." criminals have managed to hide from by foreign pressure. Most Iranians are reluctant to speak so prosecution? Such an out should not be The chief spokesman for this point of view openly with Americans out of fear that their permitted by law until every Nazi war is Franz Josef Strauss, a leader of the ultra­ true feellngs will find their way to Savak. In criminal is apprehended and held re­ conservative Bavarian Christian Socialist Tehran this year I found u.s. diplomats more sponsible for the crimes committed un­ Union, who, in effect, has called for a general remote from Iranians than ever. One embassy der the Nazi regime. amnesty; 3) the conviction rate has dropped omcial did not know that the huge Qasr Representatives HoLTZMAN and FisH and wm continue to drop drastically be­ Prison-focal point of the hunger strike by have introduced a. House resolution to cause, after 35 years, it is extremely difficult political prisoners which was one of the most express the sense of Congress that the to prove that a crime was committed beyond dramatic opposition moves in recent years­ a shadow of a doubt; 4) wherever some Judi­ is located in the heart of Tehran, Just a short West German Government extend the cial action has been taken on an individual distance from his home. Off the Job, he said, statute of limitations. I am pleased to case, .the prosecution of that case wm con­ he and his fellow diplomats play tennis and join with many of my colleagues cospon­ tinue in any event after 'Dec. 31, 1979. At the poker and have picnics with each other, soring this resolution and will work for present time, there are about 4,700 West their spouses and children. 'No Iranians are its speedy passage. Germans awaiting sentencing or under in­ invited. The time to forget these crimes has not vestigation for war crimes. This increasing isolation of the official yet come if it is to come at all. We can­ Official West German sources have released American community may well affect the ac­ not afford to relax our awareness or to the following statistics for the investigation curacy of its reports to washington on the and prosecution of genocidal crimes in the current state of Iranian publlc opinion and ignore our knowledge of the truth as long as humanity continues to commit crimes Federal Republic (excluding Allled adJudi­ its estimates of the degree of support the cations) for the period May, 1945, to January shah enjoys. Two U.S. officials told me that against humanity. 1, 1978: our current ambassador, William Sulllvan, I would like to bring my colleagues' at­ Investigations: 82,667. Trials ending in who served as ambassador to Laos during the tention to an informative article about sentences: 6,425. Presently pending investi­ Vietnam war, is continuing to urge the car­ gations: approximately 600. ter administration to maintain its all-out the statute of limitations written by support for t~e shah. David Geller of the American Jewish A further analysis indicates that from 1945 to 1964, 9.9 percent of all alleged Nazi crim­ If that support is continued and if the in­ Committee which appeared in the Febru· tensifying hatred of the shah among Iran's ary 9, 1979 issue of the Jewish Floridian. inals were found guilty. From 1965 to 1976, Moslem clergymen, professional classes, for­ [From the Jewish Floridian, Feb. 9, 1979] the figure was only 1.5 percent. In an effort to resolve the political and mer pollticians and students produces armed STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS: WHAT'S IT ALL rebelllon against the Peacock Throne, we will legal questions being raised, Herbert Weh­ .ABoUT? ner, the leader of the Social Democratic be faced again with the prospect of the shah's (By David Geller) overthrow. Secretary of Defense Harold caucus in the German Parliament, has sug­ Brown already has been discussing the possi­ Existing West German legislation under gested that the ·basic German law be changed ble "dispatch of appropriate U.S. forces to which Nazi war criminals are prosecuted is to abollsh the statute of limitations on all the scene [the Persian Gulf] in support of due to expire at the end of 1979. murder. This would make German law con­ friends," and 100,000 U.S. troops are being The original West German law for prose­ sistent with that of the U.S. and most West trained for possible intervention in the Gulf. cution of Nazi war criminals envisaged a European countries. When the Parllament President Carter also has talked about hav­ halt to such prosecution in 1965, twenty wUl take up the Statute of Limitations issue, ing "quickly deployable forces-air land and years after the end of World War II. Protests Wehner's proposition w111 be an important sea" available for this an'd other then-including a meeting between Morris element of the debate. contingencies. B. Abram, the president of the American In the meantime, the Israeli Knesset on Jewish Committee who had served on the November 21, 1978, made a strong appeal to But the Carter administration 1s overlook­ prosecuting staff of the Nuremberg Trials, ing a fundamental distinction and a third the West German government not to permit and the then West German Federal Minister the Statute of Limitations to apply to Nazi option. While Iran and its oil are vital to the of Justice-resulted in a Bonn decision to United States and its allies, Iran and the war crimes. A massive post card campaign start the twenty-year count not from 1945 bearing the statement by Simon Wiesen­ shah are not synonymous. For the United but 1949, when the Federal Republic was States to have to choose between the shah established, making 1969 the new cut-off thal-"Moral obligation has no time limit"­ and the Soviets would be the worst kind of date. In 1968, the UN General Assembly has been in effect for several months, coordi­ choice. adopted a Convention on the Non-Appllc­ nated by the Simon Wiesenthal Center for Responsible, non-Communist opposition ab111ty of Statutory Limitations to War Holocaust Studies at Yeshiva University in leaders such as Moghaddam told me they see Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity. Los Angeles. The cards are addressed to West no difficulty in achieving a reconcmation of The wording, however, was unacceptable German Chancellor Helmut Schmidt. Iranian democratic aspirations and the to West Germany and to most European and Survivor groups and virtually all other United States' national interest. They stress American countries. In 1969, further meet­ Jewish organizations wm be carrying on a that their program calls for nothing more ings with Jewish leadership as well as world vigorous and public campaign urging the than what the United States now enjoys: a pressure resulted in an additional ten-year west German government to extend the freely elected democratic government based extension of the Statute of Limitations, mak­ Statute. Whlle acknowledging the West Ger­ on a constitution. ing the deadline December 31, 1979. man government's firm adherence to demo­ They believe that they can head off pres­ At the same time, as a trade-off to internal cratic tradition, they assert that to allow the sures which otherwise might lead to a com­ pressure which opposed the extension, a new statute of Limitations to expire would con­ munist coup d'etat or a revolution and that amendment to the German Penal COde was stitute a grave inj-ury to the memory of the they and their program represent a middle adopted whch, in effect, categorized the so­ mllllons of victims of the Nazi teiTor. ground 'between the shah and the Soviets a called "desk murders" that is, those who had They warn that the expiration of the Stat­ third choice for the United States in Ir~ .• signed death certificates or brought about ute would have a morally corrosive effect on February 13, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2579 the youth. of the world as well as the youth This team would have no trouble meet­ tions of civll rights problems and hence­ of Germany. ing those terms laid down by a great forth were always an advocate of equal Jus­ They agree with Chancellor Helmut tice for all in our great country. Schmidt who, in his speech at a Crystal Night football coach-Vince Lombardi: ceremony November 9, 1978, asserted that All I demand is total commitment to ex­ It is no wonder that when he entered while two-thirds of the present German cellence and victory, for that is what life is the Congress in 1920, the first blll he population were either born af.ter the war or all about. introduced authorized the return of the were children during the war, "Germans have The 1978 Farmingdale High School body of an unknown soldier for burial to carry the political inheritance of the football team understands completely at Arlington Cemetery. This was the last guilty and draw the consequences; that is "what life is all about." I would ask every bill signed into law by Woodrow Wilson our responsib111ty."e Member of this House of Representatives on March 4, 1921. At the burial service of to join me in saluting these fine ath­ the Unknown Soldier on November 11, THE PRIDE OF FARMINGDALE, N.Y. letes-most of whom still have their glory 1921, my father was delegated by the days in front of them at schools many War Department to represent all our of you represent.• Armed Forces and placed the only wreath HON. JEROME A. AMBRO on this national shrine. OJ' NEW YORK Chairman of the Committee of Three IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTA'I1VES HAMILTON FISH AT 90-STILL A that wrote the preamble to the American CIVIL RIGHTS ACTIVIST Legion constitution, he incorporated his Tuesday, February 13, 1979 creed of equality and justice in its text. • Mr. AMBRO. Mr. Speaker, a senior Hamilton Fish served in Congress from high school in my congressional district HON. HAMILTON FISH, JR. New York, 1920-45. In a career that found on Long Island last fall performed an OF NEW YORK him in the forefront of great and con­ athletic feat of extraordinary achieve­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES troversial issues of the time, he was an ment. I would like to bring it to the Tuesday, February 13, 1979 outspoken advocate of civil rights. Gen­ attention of this Chamber. In particular, erations before the term "human rights" I would like to draw the attention of our • Mr. FISH. Mr. Speaker, at the conclu­ was broadly known, he called for anti­ colleagues to that which occurred last sion of my remarks appears the text of a lynching legislation and was successful season at Long Island's Farmingdale resolution adopted by the New York Re­ tn broadening opportunities tor blacks publican State Committee appealing to to .serve in all branches of our Armed High. all Republicans to work for the return Their football team marched to an Forces. Clarence Mitchell, for many years of black voters to the party of Abraham the NAACP's Washington representative, undefeated, untied and unscored upon Lincoln and Theodore Roosevelt. season. The Dalers--as they are called­ recalls that at the outset of World War The significance of this resolution is II, he turned to my father for help in set Nassau County and New York State that its author, my father, Hamilton records while becoming county and desegregating the Armed Forces. Fish, was in his 90th year at the time. His On September 6, 1940, in the House State ch3mpions and being ranked No.3 call for his party to assure for minorities 1n the Northeast. The team's achieve­ debate on the draft bill, Hamilton Fish "equal rights, opportunities, justice, and introduced a.n amendment that-- ment is a first in the history of Nassau a square deal" is but the latest manifes­ County-and, may very well be a first in There shall be no discrimination against tation of a guiding principle of a long any person on account of race, creed or color. the history of New York State. lifetime. His is a straight forward belief Head Coach Don Snyder and Assistant that all Americans regardless of race The text of the resolution adopted Coaches Bob Mulligan and Irv Apgar have the same rights and liberties with­ unanimously by the Republican State have molded a truly awesome ?ooj;ball out reservations of any kind. Committee in Albany, N.Y., on Septem­ power. Always a contender for county Fifty members of our family heard this ber 22, 1978, follows: and State honors, Farmingdale High articulated again together with his pas­ Resolved by the Republlcan State Com­ this season has probably produced the sion for freedom, in my father's remarks mittee of New York, that we urge all Republl­ greatest football team in New York high at his 90th birthday celebrated at a din­ can office holders in the State from the lowest school history. ner in New York on December 7, 1978. to the highest, to use their outspoken and My father grew' up aware of and proud determined influence to welcome the Black I am proud to represent such an out­ men and women voters of New York State standing group of young athletes. There that his grandfather as Secretary of back into the Republlcan Party and assure were simply too many individual super State had promulgated the ratification them of equal rights, opportunities, justice stars and too much extraordinary per­ of the 15th amendment to the U.S. Con­ and a square de&l. sonal achievement to single out individ­ stitution, despite the fact that his own Further Resolved that the Republican Par­ ual players. So, it is fitting that we con­ home State of New York had attempted ty of New York State wlll welcome Blacks gratulate each of them. Such recogni­ to rescind its prior ratification. into our ranks as equals in the fight for a better economic America with drastic curbs tion of individual players may be viewed During World War I, he served as an on our ruinous inflation that is harmful to as inconsistent with the accomplish­ officer in the 369th Infantry Regiment the Black people. And we also invite them ment--for in every respect, the record composed of black volunteers. Overseas to help us restore confidence, employment, compiled by this group was a team by the end of 1917, his unit was attached prosperity, progress and peace in the United effort. But a team is, after all, made up to the Fourth French Army with head­ States regardless of race, color or creed.e of people. To be unscored upon is some­ quarters at Challon. Armed with French thing which the entire defensive unit-­ rifles, rn.achineguns, and helmets, it not any single player or handful of play­ served on the frontlines longer than any STATEMENT OF CHAIRMAN AL ers-achieves. And to compile this record other American regiment incurring ULLMAN, COMMITTEE ON WAYS requires the commitment of all members heavy casualties. The regiment fiag was AND MEANS, WITH RESPECT TO otateam: decorated with the French Croix de THE RULE TO BE REQUESTED ON Guerre. My father also was awarded H.R. 1894, THE PUBLIC DEBT LIMI­ Rich Abshire, Rick Bartlett, Rich Bayer, TATION AND DEBT MANAGEMENT Chris Beatrice, John Brown, Tony Caliendo, America's Silver Star. captain Anthony DeTroia, Stu Fast, Ray The exploits of the 369th are the BILL Flood, Ron Heller, Len Insalaco, Steve Kirk, subject of a documentary film "Men of Andy Kramer, Phil Lonigro, Steve Makely, Bronze" which appeared on the Public HON. AL ULLMAN Tom McCaffrey, Joe McConville, and Mike Broadcasting Network last year across Mormino. 01' OREGON the Nation. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Brian Murphy, Bill Naslonski, Jim O'Brien, On the occasion of my father's 90th Cocaptain John O'Sulllvan, Cosmo Parella, Tuesday, February 13, 1979 Jody Peck, Bill Proefriedt, Tom Quinn, Co­ birthday, W. Montague Cobb, president captain Joe Ryan, Art Seeberger, Blll Selock, of the NAACP, wrote him: • Mr. ULLMAN. Mr. Speaker, on Feb­ Bruce Sharp, Buddy Bichler, Tom Soluri, It is my recollection that when you served ruary 13, 1979, the Committee on Ways Tony Tardalo, John Vatter, and Cocaptain in France in the A.E.F. as an omcer in the and Means ordered favorably reported to Jim Vella. 369th Infantry, you acquired deeper percep- the House, H.R. 1894, to provide for a 2580 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 13, 1979 temporary increase in the public debt church, peace, and labor leaders. One of us with their individual stories. The meet­ limit, and for other purposes. the most important things we learned ing was organized by Father Raymond I take this occasion to advise my Dem­ was of the growing sentiment among all Murray of Armagh, a leading human ocratic colleagues as to the nature of the levels in the North in favor of a British rights figure in Northern Ireland and a rule that I will request fo·r consideration declaration of intent to withdraw its man who had addressed the ad hoc com­ of H.R. 1894 on the fioor of the House. presence from the North. Some groups mittee at its october 12, 1978, meeting. The Committee on Ways and Means spe­ felt decidedly stronger about it and have Father Murray, in conjunction with cifically instructed me to request the been advocating it much longer. However Father Dennis Faul, comprise the A.sso­ Committee on Rules to grant a modified for a number of other groups, it con­ ciaJtion for Legal Justice, a respected hu­ closed rule with respect to H.R. 1894. stituted a major ''rethink." In the past, man rights organization whose recent It is our intention to request that the such a development was viewed with publication, "The Castlereagh File," pro­ portion of the bill dealing with the great fear by groups, especially the Prot­ vided much of the background for the amount of the temporary debt increase estants. The conventional belief was report written by Amnesty International and the date with respect to the increase that the British presence, especially the last year about the same castlereagh will be an open rule; the portion of the military presence, was necessary to pro­ prison. bill dealing with the interest rate on sav­ tect the Protestant population from civil The cases presented by these relatives ings bonds will be closed, except for one war with the Catholics. Yet we learned were most shocking and seemed more alternative proposal to be presented by that the level of sectarian-based violence befitting of a totalitarian nation, not Mr. VANIK of Ohio; and the portion of had diminished dramatically in the pre­ of one which has long prided itself as a the bill dealing with long-tenn bond au­ vious 18 months to the point that the vanguard of democracy and liberty; thority will be closed. fear of a "bloodbath" were the British namely, Great Britain. Many of these We further expect to request 1 hour to leave seemed remote. What this "re­ people at the meetings had young sons in of general debate, equally divided, one­ think" has done is establish the British prison, others had husbands, still others half hour on Mr. VANIK's motion, if presence as an objectionable common had fathers. Common to many ot· these offered, equally divided, and pro forma denominator on both sides, thus the im­ prisoners was the fact that they had not amendments on tlle amounts and date of petus for a declaration· of intent. It is seen their families for some time. Also the debt. the contention of the ad hoc committee common to all was their tragic physical It is my hope to go to the Rules Com­ that the peace forum could provide the state which had deteriorated terribly mittee as soon as possible as it is im­ basis for a united front to pressure Great since their incarcerations. We were ad­ portant that this bill be brought up at Britain to declare its future intentions vised that the spirits of the prisoners an early date.• in Northern Ireland. We knew before we were high, and their relatives told us left and our beliefs were confirmed by that our work here in America was a the triP-peace would be impossible in source of great inspiration to them. At TRIP TO mELAND-NOVEMBER 14- Ireland until the British presence had this same meeting, Father Murray also 17, 1978~ART I been removed in a phased and orderly presented us with an additional100 other fashion. written cases of human rights abuses in HON. MARIO BIAGGI During our first day, we met with lead­ the prisons which we brought back with ers and representatives of major Protes­ us and presented along with our im­ OP NEW YORK tant political groups: The Official Union­ pression of this meeting at a Decem­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ist Party, the Ulster Independent Asso­ ber 3 conference with Assistant Secre­ Tuesday, February 13, 1979 ciation, and the two major Catholic po­ tary of State Patricia Derian, President litical parties, the Social Democratic La­ Carter's Assistant Secretary for Human • Mr. BlAGGI. Mr. Speaker, I wish tore­ bor Party and the Irish Independence Rights and Humanitarian Affairs. port to my colleagues on the results of a Party. Also that same day we met with I have stated repeatedly that human trip which I took to Northern Ireland as an important figure from the clergy, rights violations are the root cause of chairman of the Ad Hoc Congressional the Rev. Bill Arlow of the Irish Coun­ much of the violence which occurs in Committee for Irish Affairs during the cil of Churches. Finally in this same day, Northern Ireland. I have also stated that week of November 12, 1978. I was accom­ we met with the largest of the Protestant there can be no peace until the restora­ panied on the trip by an able and valu­ paramilitary organizations. The peace tion of human and civil rights is com­ able member of the ad hoc committee, forum was the main point of discussion pleted. The members of the ad hoc com­ my colleague BEN GILMAN. Also traveling with all of these groups. We found con­ mittee feel that if our administration with us were my legislative assistant, siderable interest and support. It was by were merely to apply the same standard Robert Blancato, Robert Bateman, na­ no means unanimous. Several of the par­ to Great Britain that they do to other tional historian for the Ancient Order of ties expressed their disagreement with nations where human rights violations Hibernians, and Dr. Fred Burns-O'Brien, any forum where paramilitaries would occur, the problem could be remedied deputy national director of the Irish Na­ be permitted to attend. Other reserva­ in short order. Unfortunately, silence has tional Caucus. tions were expressed, especially concern­ been the cornerstone of the administra­ The trip was taken for one basic rea­ ing the issue of representation by Great tion's human rights policy in Ireland. son: to assess the sentiments in Ireland Britain. We assured all those we met The peace forum w-ould most certainly for a peace forum which the ad hoc com­ that the peace forum would invite all focus appropriate attention on these con­ mittee would sponsor. The idea origi­ parties to the dispute in Ireland and ditions in Ireland with an eye toward nated in the summer and was warmly en­ would seek to hear all shades of political improving the status quo. dorsed by a number of leading Irish­ thought. We also stressed again that the The other main development during American organizations. The proposed ad hoc committee as the sponsor of the our first day was the sudden and dra­ forum would be a first-time opportunity forum would remain totally neutral in its matic renewal of violence. Remarks made for all parties to the dispute in Ireland work, favoring neither positions nor earlier in the week by Secretary of State to meet and discuss lasting solutions for groups. We concluded the first day with Roy Mason were given as the justifica­ a peaceful Ireland. The ad hoc committee a sense of strong optimism that the peace tion for the renewal. By the end of the as the sponsor would be totally neutral, forum was a sound idea that could evoke day, some 39 bombs had exploded mak­ neither favoring groups nor positions. We considerable support from a cross section ing it the single most concentrated vio­ entered the trip with the never-changing of groups. lence in Northern Ireland in the past 10 position that the final solution in Ireland Perhaps the most dramatic moment of years. We deplore all forms of violence must come directly from the Irish people. the entire trip also occurred on the first whether it be institutionally or civilian The trip commenced in Belfast on the day when we met with approximately 75 induced. We also deplore the provoca­ morning of November 14. Before that relatives of prisoners incarcerated in va­ tions which generate violence. Violence day was over, we had consumed some 14 rious prisons in Northern Ireland. These impedes progress, promotes polarization, hours in meetings with at least 12 groups. relatives, whose emotions ran the gamut and prolongs suffering. Restraint is Our meetings were conducted with lead­ from anger to fear to resignation, needed by all sides. ing political parties, paramilitary groups, crowded into our hotel room to present In subsequent issues of the RECORD the February 13, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 258'1 following days of the trip will be dis­ U.S. government until the period of Con­ conversations with HCVA staff, the responses cussed as well as the activities of the ad gressional review has expired. portray a disorganized and demoralized sys­ All too often, U.S. administrations have tem. Many of the directors feel they are "rud­ hoc committee since the trip. At this attempted to box in the Congress by making derless", without sources for direction and point, I do wish to advise my colleagues prior unauthorized commitments and then assigned a job ridiculously impossible of ac­ that on February 1, 1979, the executive presenting the Congress with a choice of compUshment with the resources allocated to committee of the ad hoc committee voted approving a sale it may oppose or forcing them. Some are threatening to quit if things unanimously to sponsor the peace forum the government to go back on its word and are not turned around at an early date while based in large degree on the results of renege on a commitment. This practice is others are telllng the Committee that geogra­ this trip and a later one taken in Janu­ not acceptable. phy often dictates the quality of care a vet­ ary 1979.• When the Secr~ttary of Defense or any eran can expect to receive. other American otftcial discusses the sale of PBIMART PROBLEMS weapons and weapons technology, he must make it clear that all such sales are subject Staff shortages; DEFENSE SECRETARY'S ARMS Breakdown in communications between VA SALES PROMISES VIOLATE THE to Congressional review. This policy must also be made clear to those "unnamed de­ Central Office and the field stations; LAW fense officials" who travel with the Secre­ Inab111ty to plan under the present orga­ tary and anonymously brief the press on nizational arrangement; promised U.S. arms sales. A consensus that arbitrary decisons are be­ HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL These latest developments are disturbing ing made by anonymous Central Office De­ OF NEW YORK not only because they are in conflict with the partment of Medicine and Surgery operations IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Arms Export Control Act and because they and budget employees with little, if any, do not appear to be in accord with your practical knowledge of the various medical Tuesday, February 13, 1979 own longstanding policy of arms transfer fac111ties' real needs. e Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, De­ restraint, but they appear to contradict the VA medical system braces tor personnel, fense Secretary Harold Brown's promise lessons learned so tragically in Iran. funding cuts to sell U.S. jet fighters, tanks, and other The Defense Secretary's commitments were The Legion has learned through nation­ made in the context of assuring Saudi wide telephone calls to 28 medical districts arms to North Yemen and Sudan appears Arabian and Persian Gulf ames that we to violate the intent and the spirit of the that VA medical care programs could lose up would help them prevent the same upheav­ to 7,000 employees and still face subsequent Arms Export Control Act as passed by als that have shaken Iran. Yet we saw all too budget cuts for patient care. the Congress. clearly in Iran that the world's most sophisti­ In the January edition of "U.S. Medlclne", All too often, U.S. administrations cated arms cannot preven~and may in­ the VA's Chief Medical Director, Dr. James have attempted to box in the Congress by deed encourage-the type of threat that Crutcher, was quoted as saying, "I have the making prior unauthorized commit­ brought down the Shah and which Saudi responsibility to make sure whatever reduc­ ments and then presenting the Congress Arabia fears most. tions take place do not adversely affect the Sophisticated arms are not the solution missions of the Department." with a choice of approving an arms sale to the ills which beset a feudal kingdom it may oppose or forcing the Govern­ Crutcher also indicated that he plans to and spark revolution. We saw that in Iran carry out "the President's guidance on infla­ ment to go back on its word and renege and we do not need a replay on the other tion" and the FY '80 budget will have "no on a commitment. side of the Persian Gulf. adverse affects on DM & S". Commitments to sell such arms can If we truly wish to retain the friendship The American Legion and many Members only be made in accordance with section and the resources of the Saudis, as I agree of Congress disagree with Dr. Crutcher's as­ 36(b) of the Arms Export Control Act. we should, then better and more effective sessment. Immediately following President Under this law, requests are submitted means must be found. Carter's submittal of the FY '80 budget to With best personal regards. Congress, National Commander Jack Carey by the administration to the Congress Sincerely, and no commitments may be made by urged the President to "reverse the VA deci­ BENJAMIN S. RosENTHAL, sion" eliminating staff personnel. Carey also our Government until the period of con­ Member of Congress.e cautioned the President that elimination of gressional review has expired. full funding for veteran medical care pro­ I have today written to the President grams. "would adversely affect the VA's abil­ expressing my deep dismay over Secre­ VA HOSPITAL SYSTEM, AN EN­ ity to care for the more than 75,000 veterans tary Brown's action, which I consider DANGERED SPECIES currently being treated in hospitals operatec1 unacceptable. by the VA". The Secretary's announcement is all For years the Office of Management and Budget has slowly but surely been chipping the more disturbing, because of its con­ HON. RAY ROBERTS away at the VA's medical program. A little text. He was in Saudi Arabia in an effort OF TEXAS over 20 years ago the VA had over 120,000 to assure that government and other IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES operating beds. The President's 1980 budget Persian Gulf allies that we would help wlll reduce the operating beds to 86,700. The them prevent the same upheavals that Tuesday, February 13, 1979 construction of new and replacement hos­ have shaken Iran. e Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. Speaker, the ma­ pitals has not kept pace with bed closures. We saw all to clearly in Iran that the jor veterans organizations, whose mem­ While the bed closures have taken place, the average daily number of patients in VA hos­ world's most sophisticated arms cannot bers serve as volunteers in Veterans' Ad­ pitals have dropped from approximately 112,- prevent--and may, indeed, encourage­ ministration hospitals across the Na­ 000 per day to an estimated 72,500 in Fiscal the type of threat that brought down the tion, are becoming increasingly alarmed Year 1980. shah and which Saudi Arabia fears most. about the quality of medical care being The Legion is well aware of the rationale A better solution must be found. provided to eligible veterans. behind certain bed closings based on privacy My letter to the President follows: The most recent expression of that standards, health and safety ·requirements, WASHINGTON, D.C., concern appeared in the January 31, and increased patient turnover rate, but as February 12, 1979. 1979, issue of the American Legion's Na­ stated before we cannot understand or jm­ Hon. JIMMY CARTER , tional Legislative News Bulletin. I ask tify the reasoning behind the magnitude of The President, that the article be reprinted in the these bed closings. If this trend continues, The White House, how long wlll a separate VA hospital system Washington, D.C. RECORD. be justified? There is speculation that some DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: Published reports The article follows: type ot National Health Insurance could be today of American commitments to sell VA HOSPITAL SYSTEM, AN ENDANGERED SPECIES enacted during the 96th Congress. Should nearly half a blllion dollars worth of jet What numbers 172, is visited by mlllions of the reduction of VA hospital beds, patients, fighters, tanks and other arms to North people every year, and is on the endangered and staff cutbacks continue, the VA medical Yemen and Sudan are most alarming. Such species list? Snail darter ... bald eagle ... program could, as recommended by the re­ public commitments as the Secretary of De­ wrong-its the VA hospital system. cent National Academy of Sciences' study, tense has reportedly made during his visit As reported last month, the House Commit­ be phased in the general delivery of health to Saudi Arabia violate the intent and the tee on Veterans Affairs sent a questionnaire to services in communities across the country. spirit of the Arms Export Control Act as all VA hospital and clinic directors to deter­ What does the future hold.? passed by Congress. Under Section 36(b) of mine how they perceived their mission and Dr. Crutcher said he has made lt clear to that law, all such requests must be sub­ the impact budget and personnel cuts are VA physicians that it is up to their profes­ mitted to the Congress for consideration having on their respective facUlties. sional judgment to decide who should be and no commitments may be made by the From what we can gather through informal referred to other sources of care and who 2582 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 13, 1979 should be kept in VA fac111ties. Crutcher dismay and outrage over the perfidious ac­ donnybrook over the matter once Congress went on to say, "We have a limit on the tions of the Carter administration in rec­ gets into action. After criticizing other na­ number of patients we can afford." ognizing the Communist regime on the tions for shelving treaties and other pacts The Legion believes that a proper mix of Chinese mainland and severing diplomatic of trust, we are doing nothing more or less service-connected and nonservice-connected relations with the Republic of China as of than destroying our credence among other patients must exist in our VA hospitals ln January 1, 1979. countries of the world if we fail to stand by order to attract qualified physicians and "This misguided decision of Mr. Carter, Taiwan's side. We can do this and still trade other health services personnel. Without this who was known as the champion of human with the People's Republic. "mix" we feel the affiliation the VA hospital rights, not only jeopardizes the human rights Mr. Carter is quite an embattled man on system currently enjoys with community hos­ of more tha.n 17 m1llion free Chinese in several fronts at this time. If he is using pitals wm be destroyed. Taiwan but also betrays a long time true and this as a means to strengthening his presi­ Hopefully, regional congressional hearings tested ally and a major trade partner with dential stature (and looking forward to the wlll be held this year to focus attention on a bilateral volume of more than seven billion 1980 national convention), we'd say he ls a number of issues relating to funding, de­ U.S. dollars 1 1n 1978, an amount which is choosing a very poor way to invite voters clining average daily patients, and apparent more than the total of America's trade with into his corner of the rlng.-Mendenhall.e breakdowns in communication between the Soviet Union and the Chinese Commu­ V ACO and hospital directors. Local veteran nists put together. organization leaders, former hospital patients "To ensure the continuous growth of our A CREATIVE APPROACH TO PEACE and certain VA directors should be invited bilateral trade which is, of course, beneficial to "tell it like lt is" when the proposed con­ to both of our two peoples, we sincerely hope gressional hearings are held. that you will support our cases and convey HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. As one VA director told us, "Thank God our feelings by writing to your business asso­ OF CALIFORNIA we have the veterans' organizations carrying ciates, congressmen and other infiuential IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES our concerns to Congress." persons in the United States voicing that the The American Legion has pointed out United States must provide concrete and Tuesday, February 13, 1979 many times that the easiest way to reduce specific measures to ensure that our trade e Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. Speak­ the demand for care, bed occupancy, and routes wlll remain open. operating beds is to reduce "the fiow of "We also hope that appropriate legislation er, as we enter into the work of the 96th dollars" into the VA medical program. will be passe-d by your Congress to ensure Congress, it is useful to consider the We strongly recommend that readers share the continuation of the existing treaties and broader goals of our Nation. First and this message with their Senators and Con• egreements and negotiation of new commer­ foremost among these goals must be gressmen. The American Legion is not cry• cial relationship between our two countries world peace. The type of world peace we ing wolf ... time is short. Unless this greatly and, above all, continuous supply of neces­ can all endorse is a peace which is more reduced money fiow is reversed, the medical sary modern weaponry for our defense as system wm eventually become extinct.e than the absence of war; it is a situation well as maintaining security and prosperity where the conditions which breed war in this area, which are very essential to the business interest of our two countries. are also absent. This timeless goal of the TAIWAN HEADACHE "We would also like to express our appre­ world's people may not occur in this ciation for everything you have done f01• us century, but its active pursuit should be in the past and extend our hope for your a major part of our own agenda. HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO continuous efforts and cooperation for the There are immediate steps which can OF CALIFORNIA never-ceasing expansion of our mutual trade be taken which can contribute to world IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES as well as our mutual welfare. peace. One such step, and the focus of Tuesday, February 13, 1979 "Anticipating your understanding and my comments today, is the utilization of timely support to our righteous cause, we our satellite technology to create an un­ 0 Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, remain very sincerely yours ------·" classified global information system. Just the following article by Ferdinand Men­ This letter bears the personal signatures of such a system was proposed by President denhall, "Carter is Facing Taiwan 'Head­ K. H. Wu, secretary general; Stanley S. T . Wang, deputy secretary general; Robert H. C. Valery Giscard d'Estaing of France in ache,'" discusses the reaction of the Yang, director, Market Development Dept.; his address to the United Nations Special American people to President Carter's de­ Y. C. Dunn, director, Manufacturers-Traders Session on Disarmament. France has cision to recognize the People's Republic Services Dept.; Paul Lee, director, Exhibition since returned to the negotiating table of China and abrogate the 1954 defense and Publicity Dept.; Yu-Tien Hsu, director, on disarmament, specifically pursuing its treaty with the Republic of China Trade Information Dept.; Liu Cheng-Chi, proposal to establish an "international me under the control of American political the question: Can a. future United Nations the miracles of modern medical science. power? Safety Force be made dependable and effec­ We live in an age that breaks precedents. I do not know that answer to these ques­ tive? We need not be enslaved by historical prece­ tions. I am proposing that a long period of SECOND dents of war and catastrophe. serious research and exploration begin today, Scientists and engineers tell us that we in search for the answers to these questions Second Stride: ALl-Nation War Alarm Sys­ have within reach the means to produce the of the future safety and well-being of tem. I propose the construction of an ad­ mankind. vanced global command and control head­ food, clothing, housing, warmth, health, edu­ quarters, near the United Nations Headquar­ cation and welfare for more than the six bil­ To the rising generation of young men ters, with duplicate synchronous display cen­ lion human beings predicted as world popu­ and women in every nation we declare open ters in the capitals of all cooperating nations, lation by the 2000. But nations are not pT'O­ for exploration and pioneering a new genera­ tion of creativity and invention to dwarf and in the headquarters of all regional de­ ducing to meet these human needs, because fense organizations. This center will be open today the world spends nearly $::1l00 b1111on a any era in past history. to the public of all nations and to the gov­ year on an escalating arms race, producing This wm be the most complex and dUilcult ernments of all nations. The large illuminat­ anti-human forces of destruction. problem governments ever have faced and ed display walls in this prototype global com­ Nations have learned the secrets of the determined to master. Making the Ea.i-th mand center wm be connected by direct com­ Power of Death for mankind because they safe from war wm be a far more challenging munications lines to the national command have invested their human and natural re­ task than making outer space safe for human center in the Pentagon in Washington. The sources in massive ·mob111zations for the spe­ t ransit. I hereby make a personal commit­ people of the world can begin to see the glob­ cific purpose of learning these secrets. ment, and a commitment of my administra­ al surveillance and intell1gence capablUties I say to every man, woman and child in tion, to the task of providing world leader­ the United States already possesses, to be every nation, that the time has now come for ship toward the long-range goal of develop­ able to exert command and control today a massive mob111zation of human and nat­ ing the global safety systems, and the new over military forces spread across more than ural resources for the purpose of learning politlcal checks and balances and restraints half the e:uth. No information which would the secrets of the ·power of safety and well­ .required to transform the present United be detrimental to the security of the United Nations into a more effective instrument of being for t he people of all nations. If we be­ States will be passed to these public exhibi· lieve that the intention of creation is to­ safety and prosperity for all nations. We propose an initial ten-year program to tions, but the world can begin to see the ward greater life for the family of mankind emerging reality of global command and con­ t hen let us begin to direct the forward march develop and operate a demonstration model, or prototype experiment of a Global Safety trol systems to ·bring armed forcse manage­ of science and technology toward such a Authority, so that all governments can begin ment for the world eventually to the new greater purpose. I believe 1n the future of United Nations Global Safety Authority. Ev­ mankind. to learn the real problems of defending their citizens from enemy threat or attack in the ery other nation will be invited to connect The Heads of State of more than one new historic age of total danger. its national comm~nd center to this world h undred and twenty sovereign nations ·on I say, let the national security leadership display. No other nation wlll be expected to earth now have it within their power to begin of all nations begin thinking and experi­ divulge information to jeopardize its own to create '&. Global Safety Authority, within menting beyond the strategiy of defense, and security. But all nations will gain practical a revised and more effective United Nations. beyond the strategy of deterrence, to explore experience in the interface problems of the The function of this Authority will be to a new future strategy of prevention more successful operation of a future war safety guard the national security and political appropriate to the age of global danger. Let control system of world dimension. The peo­ independence of all nations, freeing the pT'o­ us create new history more in keeping with ple of all nations will begin to see the open ductivity of nations to meet the human the danger man has created. experiments which may one dg.y lead to the needs of their citizens. development of the systems of security which WHAT WE CAN DO wlll mean no more war for mankind. I hold before the world the long range We propose a. long-range program ot de­ vision ot a stronger United Nations. At the velopment and experiment and testing to THIRD base of this ~ture United Nations wlll be :a find the ways that such a protective war Third Stride: War Prevention Conferences. Global Safety Authority. The purpose of this prevention system can be made to work. I propose a continuing series of multina­ Authority wlll be to maintain positive con­ Black and terrifying, the escalating danger tional War Prevention Conferences. M111tary trol over all power ot destruction. It w111 have of global war today looms above mankind and polltica.l leaders ot all participating na­ power to maintain public inventory ot all like a thunderstorm ot death. But beyond tions can begin to hammer out the require­ war material and personnel. It w111 have au­ that dark horror, I see a white light of hope. ments and force structures for the future t hority to 81Ct to stop unauthorized war pro­ I believe that man can create global safety Global Safety Authority. They can analyze duction. It wlll have power to maintain pub­ systems in time. and experiment with unprecedented new lic inventory ot all movement toward mobili­ I propose four giant strides forward on the political checks and balances which will be zation tor war. It will have authority to road to the permanent end of war between required to make certain that this &11-na.tion February 13, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2585 safety constabulary cannot become a tyrant I believe that every people on earth can way below the farmer's cost of produc­ over the minds or men, or the governments or find security and prosperity in a revised and tion. The measure would provide for the independent nations, and that It cannot be strengthened United Nations, in time. I ¢aptured by any one polltlcal power cllque belleve man now has the inventiveness and disengagement of the Federal Govern­ to be used to conquer the world. These War creativity to begin to transform the United ment from its present ''production ad­ Prevention Conferences wm be held on many Nations into an effective world security orga­ justment" activities, characterized pri­ levels, outside or official channels or the nization, bringing safe prosperity within marily by the current set-aside program. United Nations. They wlll be held with In­ reach of all nations. There is a possibility that the program I dividual nations, or with groups or Individual Each nation can work out its own inde­ am proposing would initially necessitate nations, or with regional defense organiza­ pendent path toward its own independent slightly higher Federal outlays in com­ tions. Free discussion wm be encouraged vision of a Great Society. This can become a parison to what is now spent annually rrom every source where new ideas may Great Planet. I hope that every man, woman emerge to help solve this problem which has and child around tihe world who hears this on the feed grain program. been Insoluble throughout the ages. Can a message wlll tell his neighbors, and his However, it would be very shortsighted Global Safety Authority be made effective, friends, that the time now has come to take not to look beyond these first few years and safe to the point that the people or all giant strides forward toward peace and pros­ to the budgetary and fiscal benefits that nations wlll trust their national safety to perity !or all nations.e would be sure to result from implemen­ this mob1Uzation !or the prevention or war? tation of the program. Clearly, it makes The world wUl be wal ting !or answers to this a great deal more sense to shift Govern­ question. INTRODUCTION OF THE NATIONAL ment spending to productive applica­ FOURTH FUEL ALCOHOL AND FARM COM­ tions, such as establishing a viable pri­ Fourth Stride: AU-Nation War Prevention MODITY PRODUCTION PROGRAM vate sector alcohol fuels industry, than Games. I propose a continuous series of mul­ OF 1979 tinational war prevention games. Where war to spend hundreds of millions of dollars games are used to develop m1Utary profi­ annually to do nothing more than pay ciency in waging war, these war prevention HON. BE'RKLEY BEDELL farmers not to produce. Such a shift games wlll be ut1Uzed to develop and test the OJ' IOWA would be more an investment that would increasing proficiency in preventing war generate substantial dividends in the throughout the world in the new historic IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES long run. Within a relatively short period era. A purpose of these games wlll be to allow Tuesday, February 13, 1979 of time, this "investment" would gen­ the public and press of all nations to see that nations are making serM>us efforts to solve • Mr. BEDELL. Mr. Speaker, two of the erate returns in the form of significantly the problem or war, and what progress is most dominant items in the news in re­ reduced oil imports ; objective. in Iran, along with the cutoff of oil flow increased domestic employment; a more I repeat that all nations are invited to co­ from that country, and the presence of stable and healthy agricultural economy; operate in these !our giant strides forward and important national security gains in toward peace and prosperity !or all nations. thousands of disgruntled farmers in Washington protesting their economic the form of reduced dependence on But the United States offers to lead in this foreign sources of supply. ten year demonstration model experiment dilemma. These two seemingly disparate no matter what nation or nations hold back issues share a common thread, and it is Mr. Speaker, while my proposal is not at this point. We expect nations to be sus­ this bond of commonality that forms the necessarily complicated, it requires more picious or our motives. We invite nations to foundation of a measure I am introduc­ space and time than we have here to ex­ work with us to satisfy these suspicions. We ing today entitled "the National Fuel plain its elements in full detail. In testi­ will earn their confidence. Alcohol and Farm Commodity Produc­ mony I prepared for the Agriculture We wlll use every means at our com­ tion Act of 1979." Committee hearings held this week deal­ mand to see that the people or all nations are _ing with the farm program, I went into kept fully informed as to the progress being The situation in Iran underlines the made toward the global protective systems folly, both in national security and eco­ the detail that is necessary to explain which one day w111 bring peace and pros­ nomic terms, of the U.S. dependence the scope of the measure. I would be perity to all nations. upon foreign sources for nearly half of more than happy to make copies of that No nation wlll be expected to weaken its its petroleum supplies. The fact that cur­ presentation available to anyone who present defense force or posture during these rent agricultural policy depends upon desires further information on my pro­ experiments. No patriotic people wlll be asked posal. In this statement, however, I wlll to give us their pride in their own native the outlay of hundreds of millions of taxpayer dollars simply to induce the merely sketch the general parameters of land, or swear allegiance to a massive single the legislation. world government. National governments most efficient producers in the world to once again wlll concentrate on the prosperity idle acreage underlines the need for the The National Fuel Alcohol and Farm of their citizens, instead of on preparations development of additional outlets for the Commodity Protection Act is directed to klll and be kllled in war witJh their neigh­ production from American croplands. exclusively at the feed grain provisions bors. There wlll be a common defense force Mr. Speaker, the National Fuel Alcohol of the current farm program. There is !or all. and Farm Commodity Production Act little doubt that the concept underlying TOWARD DEVELOPMENT AND RENEWAL addresses both of these issues in a way my proposal can, and should be expand­ Man now has gained the knowledge and that acknowledges the interdependence ed to include other agricultural commod­ sklll to feed the hungry or the world, to heal that exists between them. It would, if ities. In fact, it is my intention to work the diseased or the world, to educate the Ullt­ enacted, take a giant stride toward get­ with any of my colleagues who might be erate of the world, to provide housing !or ting a handle on both of these critical interested in expanding the legislation those with inadequate shelter, 1! only he can to commodities like wheat, sugar, sugar learn how to bring the plague of war under problems by promoting farm income im­ positive control. provement and by stimulating the de­ beets, and others that can be used as These !our giant strides forward toward a velopment of a viable domestic alcohol feedstocks for alcohol fuels production. more effective United Nations will allow t he fuels industry. Basically, my proposal would abolish people of tihe world to hope once again. There First, the proposal would promote the the existing feed grain program. The wilL be hope that history's endless parade of construction and operation of privately current set-aside/land diversion controls wars eventually will be brought under con­ would be eliminated. Each producer trol. There wlll be hope that the world's owned alcohol fuels plants by, among resources today committed to production of other things, making available federally would be guaranteed $2.50 per bushel anti-human power or death, can be redirect­ guaranteed loans and secure, reason­ for every bushel of corn he produced, ed toward production or pro-human goods ably priced supplies of feed stocks for at with a $2.10 loan. 'rhe established price and services. There wlll be hope that in­ least the initial startup period. It is de­ of $2.50 per bushel would be adjusted creasing nuclear power will be controlled and signed in a way that would facilitate the each year in relation to the cost of pro­ harnessed to peaceful purposes, instead or to disengagement of the Federal Govern­ duction index contained in current law. t he chain-reaction o! terror. There will be hope !or peace in the space age instead or ment from the support function within To be eligible far the income protec­ dread of war. a reasonably short period of time. tion, each producer would be required to I believe that man can gain dominion Second, the proposal would improve meet two conditions. First, he must ad­ over the man-made dangers or modern tech­ farm sector income by creating a sig­ here to certain basic soil conservation nology, and that man does not have to live nificant outlet for agricultural commodi­ and best management practices put in !ear o! the new products of science and ties that are now in such surplus that forth by the Secretary. This provision is technology. market prices for these commodities are designed to prevent the plowing up of 2586 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 13, 1979 marginal land, and to deal with the noninterruptible, environmentally be­ of the resulting cost figures have been alarming soil and water degradation of nign, and renewable liquid fuel supply; questioned, especially by individual our Nation's resources base. Second, each and Federal Government disengagement farmers. participating producer must agree to from its historical agricultural produc­ In the case of wheat, the first survey make available to the Secretary a full 10 tion adjustment and price support activi­ occurred in 1975 when about 4,000 farm­ percent of his total production. On this ties. Admittedly, the leadtimes required ers were asked what their costs were for portion of his production, the producer for total implementation of this proposal, the 1974 crop. For the next 4 years, 1975 will receive the established price; on the even after enactment, mean that any through 1978, USDA economists and remaining 90 percent of his production, meaningful contribution to the solution statisticians have been updating the cost however, he is free to take advantage of of our national agricultural and energy of production according to price changes the market price or the established price, problems is at least 2 to 3 years a way. in machinery and variable expenses. whichever is higher. Consequently, I would urge my colleagues However, the USDA has not checked The legislation would direct the Secre­ to support this measure so that its con­ the cost of production changes with tary to utilize this 10-percent takeover of sideration and refinement can be expedi­ farmers except for informal visits. Mr. corn for one purpose, and one purpose tiously completed.• Speaker, I submit a farmer survey every only-as feed stock for private alcoho·l 4 years is not enough. In addition, the fuels plants that produce ethanol pri­ 1978 survey of some 6,000 farmers will marily for use as an extender for un­ NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL COST OF be shortchanged by the Office of Man­ leaded gasoline

0 This symbol represents the time of day during: the House Proceedings, e.g., 0 1407 is 2:07p.m. • This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or inserti~.ils which are not spoken by the M~mber on the floor.