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Vector Capability of Xiphinema Americanum Sensu Lato in California 1
Journal of Nematology 21(4):517-523. 1989. © The Society of Nematologists 1989. Vector Capability of Xiphinema americanum sensu lato in California 1 JOHN A. GRIESBACH 2 AND ARMAND R. MAGGENTI s Abstract: Seven field populations of Xiphineraa americanum sensu lato from California's major agronomic areas were tested for their ability to transmit two nepoviruses, including the prune brownline, peach yellow bud, and grapevine yellow vein strains of" tomato ringspot virus and the bud blight strain of tobacco ringspot virus. Two field populations transmitted all isolates, one population transmitted all tomato ringspot virus isolates but failed to transmit bud blight strain of tobacco ringspot virus, and the remaining four populations failed to transmit any virus. Only one population, which transmitted all isolates, bad been associated with field spread of a nepovirus. As two California populations of Xiphinema americanum sensu lato were shown to have the ability to vector two different nepoviruses, a nematode taxonomy based on a parsimony of virus-vector re- lationship is not practical for these populations. Because two California populations ofX. americanum were able to vector tobacco ringspot virus, commonly vectored by X. americanum in the eastern United States, these western populations cannot be differentiated from eastern populations by vector capability tests using tobacco ringspot virus. Key words: dagger nematode, tobacco ringspot virus, tomato ringspot virus, nepovirus, Xiphinema americanum, Xiphinema californicum. Populations of Xiphinema americanum brownline (PBL), prunus stem pitting (PSP) Cobb, 1913 shown through rigorous test- and cherry leaf mottle (CLM) (8). Both PBL ing (23) to be nepovirus vectors include X. and PSP were transmitted with a high de- americanum sensu lato (s.1.) for tobacco gree of efficiency, whereas CLM was trans- ringspot virus (TobRSV) (5), tomato ring- mitted rarely. -
Comprehensive Transcriptome Profiling of Root-Knot Nematodes During Plant Infection and Characterisation of Species Specific Trait Chinh Nghia Nguyen
Comprehensive transcriptome profiling of root-knot nematodes during plant infection and characterisation of species specific trait Chinh Nghia Nguyen To cite this version: Chinh Nghia Nguyen. Comprehensive transcriptome profiling of root-knot nematodes during plant infection and characterisation of species specific trait. Agricultural sciences. COMUE Université Côte d’Azur (2015 - 2019), 2016. English. NNT : 2016AZUR4124. tel-01673793 HAL Id: tel-01673793 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01673793 Submitted on 1 Jan 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Ecole Doctorale de Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé Unité de recherche : UMR ISA INRA 1355-UNS-CNRS 7254 Thèse de doctorat Présentée en vue de l’obtention du grade de docteur en Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire de L’UNIVERSITE COTE D’AZUR par NGUYEN Chinh Nghia Etude de la régulation du transcriptome de nématodes parasites de plante, les nématodes à galles du genre Meloidogyne Dirigée par Dr. Bruno FAVERY Soutenance le 8 Décembre, 2016 Devant le jury composé de : Pr. Pierre FRENDO Professeur, INRA UNS CNRS Sophia-Antipolis Président Dr. Marc-Henri LEBRUN Directeur de Recherche, INRA AgroParis Tech Grignon Rapporteur Dr. -
Morphology and Taxonomy of Xiphinema ( Nematoda: Longidoridae) Occurring in Arkansas,USA
江西农业大学学报 2010,32( 5): 0928 - 0945 http: / /xuebao. jxau. edu. cn Acta AGriculturae Universitatis JianGxiensis E - mail: ndxb7775@ sina. com Morphology and Taxonomy of Xiphinema ( Nematoda: Longidoridae) Occurring in Arkansas,USA YE Weimin 1,2 ,ROBBINS R. T. 1 ( 1. Department of Plant PatholoGy,NematoloGy Laboratory,2601 N. YounG Ave. ,University of Arkan- sas,Fayetteville,AR 72704,USA. 2. Present address: Nematode Assay Laboratory,North Carolina Depart- ment of AGriculture and Consumer Services,RaleiGh,NC 27607,USA) Abstract: In a survey,primarily from the rhizosphere of hardwood trees GrowinG on sandy stream banks, for lonGidorids,828 soil samples were collected from 37 Arkansas counties in 1999—2001. One hundred twenty-seven populations of Xiphinema were recovered from 452 of the 828 soil samples ( 54. 6% ),includinG 71 populations of X. americanum sensu lato,33 populations of X. bakeri,23 populations of X. chambersi and one population of X. krugi. The morpholoGical and morphometric characteristics of these Arkansas species are presented. MorpholoGical and morphometric characteristics are also Given for two populations of X. krugi from Hawaii and North Carolina. Key words: Arkansas; morpholoGy; SEM; survey; taxonomy; Xiphinema americanum; X. bakeri; X. chambersi; X. krugi. 中图分类号: Q959. 17; S432. 4 + 5 文献标志码: A 文章编号: 1000 - 2286( 2010) 05 - 0928 - 18 Xiphinema species are miGratory ectoparasites of both herbaceous and woody plants. Direct feedinG dam- aGe may result in root-tip GallinG and stuntinG of top Growth. In addition,some species -
(Nematoda: Longidoridae) with Description of a New Species
Eur J Plant Pathol (2020) 158:59–81 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-020-02055-0 An integrative taxonomic study of the needle nematode complex Longidorus goodeyi Hooper, 1961 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) with description of a new species. Ruihang Cai & Tom Prior & Bex Lawson & Carolina Cantalapiedra-Navarrete & Juan E. Palomares-Rius & Pablo Castillo & Antonio Archidona-Yuste Received: 14 April 2020 /Revised: 8 June 2020 /Accepted: 19 June 2020 /Published online: 26 June 2020 # The Author(s) 2020 Abstract Needle nematodes are polyphagous root- and slightly offset by a depression with body contour, ectoparasites parasitizing a wide range of economically amphidial pouch with slightly asymmetrical lobes, important plants not only by directly feeding on root odontostyle 80.5–101.0 µm long, tail short and conoid cells, but also by transmitting nepoviruses. This study rounded. Longidorus panderaltum n. sp. is quite similar deciphers the diversity of the complex Longidorus to L. goodeyi and L. onubensis in major morphometrics goodeyi through integrative diagnosis method, based and morphology. However, differential morphology in on a combination of morphological, morphometrical, the tail shape of first-stage juvenile, phylogeny and multivariate analysis and molecular data. A new haplonet analyses indicate they are three distinct valid Longidorus species, Longidorus panderaltum n. sp. is species. This study defines those three species as mem- described and illustrated from a population associated bers of L. goodeyi complex group and reveals the taxo- with the rhizosphere of asphodel (Asphodelus ramosus nomical complexity of the genus Longidorus.This L.) in southern Spain. Morphologically, L. panderaltum L. goodeyi complex group demonstrated that the biodi- n. -
The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of the Columbia Lance Nematode
Ma et al. Parasites Vectors (2020) 13:321 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-04187-y Parasites & Vectors RESEARCH Open Access The complete mitochondrial genome of the Columbia lance nematode, Hoplolaimus columbus, a major agricultural pathogen in North America Xinyuan Ma1, Paula Agudelo1, Vincent P. Richards2 and J. Antonio Baeza2,3,4* Abstract Background: The plant-parasitic nematode Hoplolaimus columbus is a pathogen that uses a wide range of hosts and causes substantial yield loss in agricultural felds in North America. This study describes, for the frst time, the complete mitochondrial genome of H. columbus from South Carolina, USA. Methods: The mitogenome of H. columbus was assembled from Illumina 300 bp pair-end reads. It was annotated and compared to other published mitogenomes of plant-parasitic nematodes in the superfamily Tylenchoidea. The phylogenetic relationships between H. columbus and other 6 genera of plant-parasitic nematodes were examined using protein-coding genes (PCGs). Results: The mitogenome of H. columbus is a circular AT-rich DNA molecule 25,228 bp in length. The annotation result comprises 12 PCGs, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and 19 transfer RNA genes. No atp8 gene was found in the mitog- enome of H. columbus but long non-coding regions were observed in agreement to that reported for other plant- parasitic nematodes. The mitogenomic phylogeny of plant-parasitic nematodes in the superfamily Tylenchoidea agreed with previous molecular phylogenies. Mitochondrial gene synteny in H. columbus was unique but similar to that reported for other closely related species. Conclusions: The mitogenome of H. columbus is unique within the superfamily Tylenchoidea but exhibits similarities in both gene content and synteny to other closely related nematodes. -
Morphological and Molecular Characterisation of Paralongidorus Rex Andrássy, 1986 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Poland and Ukraine
Eur J Plant Pathol (2015) 141:385–395 DOI 10.1007/s10658-014-0550-2 Morphological and molecular characterisation of Paralongidorus rex Andrássy, 1986 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Poland and Ukraine Franciszek Wojciech Kornobis & Solomija Susulovska & Andrij Susulovsky & Sergei A. Subbotin Accepted: 7 October 2014 /Published online: 17 October 2014 # The Author(s) 2014. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract Paralongidorus rex was found for the first profiles with five enzymes are given. Additionally, in- time in Poland and Ukraine. This paper describes fe- formation on new host plants and map of distribution for males and juveniles from four populations of this spe- P. re x are provided. The new record of this nematode cies on the basis of morphology and morphometrics and species, previously identified as Paralongidorus sp. provides molecular characterization using 18S, ITS1 (GenBank: AY601582) from Slovakia, is defined based and D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA gene on comparison of sequences of the D2-D3 expansion sequences. Morphometrically, females from these segments of 28S rRNA gene. Finally, remarks on the populations differed slighty in V ratio (means in four potential importance of this species in grapevine pro- populations: 41.9; 42.7; 46.1; 46.8) and odontostylet duction are given. length (166.6; 170.6; 191.5; 193.2). Phylogenetic anal- ysis showed that P. re x had a sister relationship with Keywords Paralongidorus rex . Morphometrics . P. iranicus. PCR-D2-D3 of 28S-RFLP diagnostic D2-D3 of 28S rRNA gene . ITS1 rRNA gene . 18S rRNA gene . RFLP F. W. Kornobis (*) Department of Zoology, Institute of Plant Protection- National Research Institute, Władysława Węgorka 20, 60-318 Poznań, Nematodes of the family Longidoridae are obligatory Poland plant parasites and are considered as economically e-mail: [email protected] important pests. -
Description and Molecular Characterisation of Paralongidorus Litoralis Sp.N.Andp
Nematology, 2008, Vol. 10(1), 87-101 Description and molecular characterisation of Paralongidorus litoralis sp.n.andP. paramaximus Heyns, 1965 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Spain Juan E. PALOMARES-RIUS 1,SergeiA.SUBBOTIN 2,3,BlancaB.LANDA 1, ∗ Nicola VOVLAS 4 and Pablo CASTILLO 1, 1 Institute of Sustainable Agriculture, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Alameda del Obispo s/n, Apdo. 4084, 14080 Córdoba, Spain 2 Plant Pest Diagnostics Center, California Department of Food and Agriculture, 3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, CA 95832-1448, USA 3 Center of Parasitology of A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii Prospect 33, Moscow, 117071, Russia 4 Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante, Sezione di Bari, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, (CNR), Via G. Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy Received: 17 July 2007; revised: 23 August 2007 Accepted for publication: 23 August 2007 Summary – Paralongidorus litoralis sp. n., a new bisexual species of the genus, is described and illustrated by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and molecular studies from specimens collected in a coastal sand dune soil around roots of lentisc (Pistacia lentiscus L.) from Zahara de los Atunes (Cadiz), southern Spain. Paralongidorus litoralis sp. n. is characterised by the large body size (7.5-10.0 mm), a rounded lip region, clearly offset from the body by a collar-like constriction, and bearing a very large stirrup-shaped, amphidial fovea, with conspicuous slit-like aperture, a very long and flexible odontostyle ca 190 µm long, guiding ring located at 35 µm from anterior end, and males with spicules ca 70 µm long. -
Phylogenetic Analysis of Nematodes of the Genus Pratylenchus Using Nuclear 26S Rdna
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of February 1997 Phylogenetic Analysis of Nematodes of the Genus Pratylenchus Using Nuclear 26S rDNA Luma Al-Banna University of Jordan, [email protected] Valerie M. Williamson University of California, Davis, [email protected] Scott Lyell Gardner University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/parasitologyfacpubs Part of the Parasitology Commons Al-Banna, Luma; Williamson, Valerie M.; and Gardner, Scott Lyell, "Phylogenetic Analysis of Nematodes of the Genus Pratylenchus Using Nuclear 26S rDNA" (1997). Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology. 52. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/parasitologyfacpubs/52 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Published in Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution (ISSN: 1055-7903), vol. 7, no. 1 (February 1997): 94-102. Article no. FY960381. Copyright 1997, Academic Press. Used by permission. Phylogenetic Analysis of Nematodes of the Genus Pratylenchus Using Nuclear 26S rDNA Luma Al-Banna*, Valerie Williamson*, and Scott Lyell Gardner1 *Department of Nematology, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95676-8668 1H. W. Manter Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, University of Nebraska State Museum, W-529 Nebraska Hall, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0514; [email protected] Fax: (402) 472-8949. -
Theory Manual Course No. Pl. Path
NAVSARI AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY Theory Manual INTRODUCTORY PLANT NEMATOLOGY Course No. Pl. Path 2.2 (V Dean’s) nd 2 Semester B.Sc. (Hons.) Agri. PROF.R.R.PATEL, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR Dr.D.M.PATHAK, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR Dr.R.R.WAGHUNDE, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR DEPARTMENT OF PLANT PATHOLOGY COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE NAVSARI AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY BHARUCH 392012 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION What are the nematodes? Nematodes are belongs to animal kingdom, they are triploblastic, unsegmented, bilateral symmetrical, pseudocoelomateandhaving well developed reproductive, nervous, excretoryand digestive system where as the circulatory and respiratory systems are absent but govern by the pseudocoelomic fluid. Plant Nematology: Nematology is a science deals with the study of morphology, taxonomy, classification, biology, symptomatology and management of {plant pathogenic} nematode (PPN). The word nematode is made up of two Greek words, Nema means thread like and eidos means form. The words Nematodes is derived from Greek words ‘Nema+oides’ meaning „Thread + form‟(thread like organism ) therefore, they also called threadworms. They are also known as roundworms because nematode body tubular is shape. The movement (serpentine) of nematodes like eel (marine fish), so also called them eelworm in U.K. and Nema in U.S.A. Roundworms by Zoologist Nematodes are a diverse group of organisms, which are found in many different environments. Approximately 50% of known nematode species are marine, 25% are free-living species found in soil or freshwater, 15% are parasites of animals, and 10% of known nematode species are parasites of plants (see figure at left). The study of nematodes has traditionally been viewed as three separate disciplines: (1) Helminthology dealing with the study of nematodes and other worms parasitic in vertebrates (mainly those of importance to human and veterinary medicine). -
Silencing Parasitism Effectors of the Root Lesion Nematode, Pratylenchus Thornei
Silencing parasitism effectors of the root lesion nematode, Pratylenchus thornei. This thesis is presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of Murdoch University by Sameer Dilip Khot B.Sc. (Botany) & M.Sc. (Plant Pathology & Mycology), University of Mumbai, India M.S. (Plant Pathology), North Dakota State University, USA Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch University Perth, Western Australia 2018 1 DECLARATION I declare that this thesis is my own account of my research and contains as its main content work which has not previously been submitted for a degree at any tertiary education institution. Signature: Sameer D. Khot Date: 22-01-2018 2 ABSTRACT The root lesion nematode (RLN), Pratylenchus thornei, is a biotrophic migratory pest of plant roots and its infestation causes losses in many economically important crops. RNA interference (RNAi) is a naturally occurring eukaryotic phenomenon and can be used to silence parasitism effector genes of P. thornei using host-mediated RNAi. This may be developed as an environmentally friendly and a cost-effective control strategy. The overall aims of this research were to investigate the effects of in vitro and in planta RNAi silencing of putative P. thornei parasitism effector genes, and their nematicidal effects in two host plants. Five putative target parasitism genes vital for nematode entry into roots (Pt-Eng-1, Pt- PL), feeding (Pt-CLP) and suppressing host defence responses (Pt-UEP, Pt-GST) were identified, validated in silico using comparative bioinformatics, cloned into suitable in vitro transcription and binary vectors, and advanced to RNAi studies. -
STUDIES on XIPHINEMA AMERICANUM SENSU LATD with DESCRIPTIONS of FIFTEEN NEW SPECIES (NEMATODA, LONGIDORIDAE) by Lima
~emat~mfli't (1979), 7 51-106. Laboratorio di Nematologia Agraria del C.N.R. - 70126 Bari, Italy STUDIES ON XIPHINEMA AMERICANUM SENSU LATD WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF FIFTEEN NEW SPECIES (NEMATODA, LONGIDORIDAE) By FRANCO LAMBERTI AND TERESA BLEVE-ZACHEO Lima (1965) was the first to hypothesize that Xiphinema ameri canum Cobb, 1913 was a complex of different species in which he listed X. americanum, X. brevicolle Lordello et Da Costa, 1961, X. opisthohysterum Siddiqi, 1961 and four undescribed species (Lima, 1968). One of them was later described as X. mediterraneum Martelli et Lamberti, 1967 (Lamberti and Martelli, 1971) and recently synon ymized with X. pachtaicum (Tulaganov, 1938) Kirijanova, 1951 (Sid diqi and Lamberti, 1977). The morphometrical variability in X. ame ricanum was also studied by Tarjan (1968) who, after having examined 75 world-wide collected populations, concluded that the species status of X. brevicolle, X. opisthohysterum and Lima's Mediterranean species, presently X. pachtaicum, was justified but that all the other variations he had observed should be considered as geographical variants, cor related with climatic influences, within the X. americanum complex (Tarjan, 1969). In 1974 Heyns stated that «demarcation of species within the group is problematical and unsatisfactory although several of the species proposed by Lima seem to be justified ». Because of the importance of X. americanum as a vector of some plant viruses (Taylor and Robertson, 1975) we thought it useful to carry out studies which would clarify the identity of several popu lations from different geographical locations and establish the re lationships with this and the other related species. -
Molecular and Morphological Characterisation of Species
Nematology, 2011, Vol. 13(3), 295-306 Molecular and morphological characterisation of species within the Xiphinema americanum-group (Dorylaimida: Longidoridae) from the central valley of Chile ∗ Pablo MEZA 1,2, ,ErwinABALLAY 1 and Patricio HINRICHSEN 2 1 Faculty of Agronomy, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Santa Rosa 11315, Santiago, Chile 2 Biotechnology Laboratory, INIA La Platina, Avenida Santa Rosa 11610, Santiago, Chile Received: 7 January 2010; revised: 21 June 2010 Accepted for publication: 21 June 2010 Summary – Species of the Xiphinema americanum-group are among the most damaging nematodes for a diverse range of crops. This group includes 51 nominal species throughout the world. They are very difficult to identify by traditional taxonomic methods. Despite its importance in agriculture, the species composition of this group in many countries, including Chile, remains unknown. In order to identify the species in the central valley of Chile, we studied the morphological, morphometric and molecular diversity of 13 populations. Through classical taxonomic methods two species, X. inaequale and X. peruvianum, were identified with clear differences in the shape of the lip region. The DNA sequences of the ITS of ribosomal genes revealed divergences in the nucleotide sequences of the two species from 7.3% in ITS1 to 14.7% in ITS2. These results confirmed the presence of two distinct species, namely X. peruvianum and X. inaequale, in the northern and southern parts of the central valley of Chile, respectively. PCR-RFLP was developed for rapid species identification of these two species. Keywords – molecular, morphology, morphometrics, taxonomy, Xiphinema californicum, Xiphinema inaequale, Xiphinema peruvia- num. The Xiphinema americanum-group comprises 51 nom- nologies has opened a new spectrum of possibilities in ne- inal species found all over the world (Lamberti et al., matode taxonomy.