The Hugo Keesing Collection on the Gulf Wars

Special Collections in Performing Arts University of Maryland Libraries

Processed by: Rachel Ace Date Processed: Fall 2016 Size: 6.25 linear feet Bulk dates: 1990–1992 Inclusive dates: 1979–2003 SCPA shelf location: A9-2-1 to A9-3-5 Important Information for Users of the Collection:

Restrictions: The collection is open for research use. Preferred citation: The Hugo Keesing Collection on the Gulf Wars, Special Collections in Performing Arts, University of Maryland Libraries. Publication rights: All copyright in this collections remains with the creators. Status: This collection is PROCESSED.

Historical Note:

In the summer of 1990, Saddam Hussein led the Iraqi army in an invasion of Kuwait, the small neighboring country that contains six percent of the world’s oil reserves. U.S. President George H. W. Bush saw the invasion as a threat not only to the international economy, but also to post- Cold-War international diplomacy. With support from the United Nations Security Council, Bush organized a coalition that included the United States, Saudi Arabia, the United Kingdom, and Egypt among others, to send military forces into Kuwait, hoping to both expel Hussein’s army, and demonstrate the power of international cooperation.

The resultant Gulf War (also known as the Persian Gulf War or the First Gulf War) lasted from August 2, 1990 to February 28, 1991. It was fought in two stages. The first, codenamed “Operation Desert Shield,” involved the installation of allied troops in Saudi Arabia to secure the border. The second stage, initiated on January 17, 1991 and codenamed “Operation Desert Storm,” was the combat phase. The allied forces attacked first with air strikes, then on foot, culminating in a 100-hour land war that lasted from February 24 to February 28.

The majority of American civilians reacted to the Gulf War with enthusiasm. This confidence was due in part to a rise in patriotism following the 1979 Iran Hostage Crisis, in which 52 American diplomats were held hostage for 444 days by a group of Iranian students who seized the U.S. Embassy. In addition to exacerbating diplomatic tensions, the Crisis inspired both a surge of American nationalism and general wariness of the Middle-Eastern region. Twelve years later at the onset of the Gulf War, these attitudes resurfaced; support for American troops was expressed through public service announcements, display of yellow ribbons, and production of memorabilia such as Desert Storm trading cards, T shirts, and pins. Some popular musicians, most notably country artists, recorded songs in support of Bush’s cause. Other musicians used their music as a medium for protest. Songs such as the Rolling Stones’ “Highwire” and Jello Biafra’s spoken word piece “Die for Oil, Suckers” critique the United States’ involvement in Middle-Eastern affairs, and question Bush’s motivations for invading Kuwait.

After four days of combat Hussein’s forces were subdued, and the Coalition withdrew troops, earning Bush criticism for failing to remove Hussein from power. After the September 11 attacks in 2003, President George W. Bush led the United States in a second initiative against Iraq that resulted in the overthrow of Saddam Hussein. This invasion was the beginning of the Iraq War (also known as the Second Gulf War), in which the United States fought until 2011.

Abstract:

The Hugo Keesing Collection on the Gulf Wars consists of artifacts, collectibles, publications, sound recordings, and sheet music primarily related to the 1990 Gulf War, as well as the 1979 Iran Hostage Crisis and the 2003 Iraq War. Collected by Hugo Keesing, the bulk of the materials cover the period 1990–1992 in the years during and immediately following the First Gulf War. The collection has been separated into six series: realia, newspapers and magazines, clippings and ephemera, sheet music, audio recordings, and personal materials pertaining to Keesing and his research.

Scope and Contents of the Collection:

The Hugo Keesing Collection on the Gulf Wars has been separated into six series, including realia, newspapers and magazines, clippings and ephemera, sheet music, audio recordings, and personal materials pertaining to Keesing and his research. The bulk of the materials cover the period 1990–1992, when the First Gulf War occurred. Other materials correspond to related events including the Iran Hostage Crisis and the 2003 Iraq War.

Custodial History and Acquisition Information:

Gift of Hugo Keesing received in a single shipment in 2015.

Processing Information:

Processed by Rachel Ace in Fall of 2016. Original order has been maintained where possible. All physical materials have been foldered when appropriate, and rehoused into archival boxes. All materials are processed and described at the item level.

Arrangement of Collection:

This collection is organized into six series.

Series 1: Realia Series 2: Newspapers/Magazines Series 3: Clippings/Ephemera Series 4: Sheet Music Series 5: Recordings Subseries 1: Audiocassettes Subseries 2: Compact Discs Subseries 3: 7” Singles Series 6: Personal

Series Descriptions:

Series 1: Realia, 1989–1991, 2002–2003, undated (49 items) This series contains artifacts from and propaganda relating to the 1991 Gulf War, including trading cards, pins, order-of-battle handbooks, and packaged military rations.

Series 2: Newspapers/Magazines, 1979–1981, 1990–1992, 2003, undated (36 items) This series contains newspapers and magazines that include journalism relating to the Iran Hostage Crisis, the First Gulf War, and the 2003 Iraq War. Materials are arranged by publication title and chronologically.

Series 3: Clippings and Ephemera, 1990–1992, undated (14 items) This series contains newspaper clippings and ephemera relating to the First Gulf War, including advertisements, posters, and a handmade flyer.

Series 4: Sheet Music, 1979–1981, 1991, 2002–2003 (8 items) This series contains printed sheet music for eight songs whose lyrics relate to the Iran Hostage Crisis, the First Gulf War, and the 2003 Iraq War.

Series 5: Recordings (132 items) This series contains audio recordings of songs, radio broadcasts, and public service announcements relating to the Iran Hostage Crisis, the First Gulf War, and the 2003 Iraq War. The series is divided into three subseries: audiocassettes (32 items), compact discs (5 items), and 7” singles (95 items). Original order has been maintained.

Series 6: Personal (5 items) This series contains postcards addressed to Keesing, a card thanking him for the use of his collection, research notes, and an inventory of songs about the Gulf War.

Box Inventory:

Series 1: Realia, 1989–1991, 2002–2003, undated

BOX 1 Folder 1: Operation Desert Shield Trading Cards Series, 1991 Folder 2: Topps Desert Storm Collector Cards Series I: Coalition for Peace, 1991 Folder 3: Topps Desert Storm Collector Cards Series II: Victory, 1991 Folder 4: Topps Desert Storm Collector Cards Series III: Welcome Home, 1991 Folder 5: Iraqi Most Wanted Playing Cards, ca. 2002–3 Folder 6: Operation Iraqi Freedom U.S. Military Heroes Playing Cards, ca. 2002–3 Folder 7: Heroes of the Persian Gulf Collectible Card Sets Limited 100,000 Set Edition: Set Number 26427, 1991 Folder 8: Desert Storm Trading Cards, 1991 Folder 9: Official Set of Operation Yellow Ribbon Desert Storm Trading Cards, 1991 Folder 10: Desert Storm Pro Set Trading Cards, 1991 Folder 11: Assembled Box: Desert Storm Pro Set Collectible Cards, 1991 Item 1: Desert Storm Pro Set Collectible Cards Packaging, 1991 (6) Item 2: Troops Desert Storm Trading Cards Packaging, 1991 (5) Item 3: Operation Desert Shield Trading Cards, 1991 Item 4: "Rambush" Trading Card in Plastic Casing, undated Item 5: The Desert Storm Card Collection Series II: Schwarzkopf and Friends, 1991 Folder 12: VHS Tape: “Operation Desert Storm: Behind the Scenes of the Allied Air Strike on Iraq,” 1991 Folder 13: Desert Storm Magic Color Mug, ca. 1991

BOX 2 Folder 1: “Vietnam Veterans of America” Yellow Plastic Shopping Bag, undated Folder 2: Grey “Operation Desert Storm” T-Shirt, ca. 1991 Folder 3: Blue “Scudbusters” Desert Storm T-shirt, 1991 Folder 4: Pins (5) Item 1: “Operation Desert Storm, Saudi Arabia” Medal, 1991 Item 2: “United States of America, Operation Desert Storm” pinback button, 1991 Item 3: Pinback button depicting Saddam Hussein, ca. 2003 Item 4: “USA KICKS BUTT” pinback button, 1990 Item 5: “‘Til They All Come Home” pinback button, 1991 Folder 5: Veterans Crisis Line Rubber Bracelet, undated Folder 6: "End Veteran Homelessness" Rubber Bracelet, undated

BOX 3 Folder 1: Meal, Ready-To-Eat – Menu No. 11, ca. 1991 Folder 2: Meal, Ready-To-Eat – Menu No. 12, ca. 1991

BOX 4 Folder 1: “Desert Shield: Getting Ready” Handbook, September 1990 Folder 2: How They Fight: Desert Shield Order of Battle Handbook, September 1990 (2) Folder 3: How They Fight: Desert Shield Order of Battle Handbook, November 1990 Folder 4: Identifying the Iraqi Threat Handbook, 1990 (3) Folder 5: “I Buy Bonds” Yellow Ribbon Bookmark, undated Folder 6: Bumper Stickers, (4) Item 1: WMZQ “Proud To Be An American” Bumper Sticker, undated Item 2: “Operation Desert Storm: Welcome Home” Bumper Sticker, undated Item 3: “United States Central Command” Bumper Sticker, undated Item 4: "Operation Desert Storm: U.S. Military At Its Finest!" Bumper Sticker, 1991 Folder 9: Hallmark Paper Bag, ca. 1989 Folder 10: Greeting Card – “It takes a special person to serve our country…You must be proud knowing you're making a difference,” undated Folder 11: Greeting Card – “This country will always need people like you…people who care and who are willing to put their beliefs into action,” undated Folder 12: Greeting Card – “Always remember that I care about you…and I'm praying for your safe return,” undated Folder 13: Greeting Card – “It isn't easy having you so far away from home…Don't ever forget how close in heart you are!” undated Folder 14: Greeting Card – “I know God is keeping you safe…but I miss you anyhow!” undated Folder 15: Flattened Box: Topps Desert Storm Trading Cards/Stickers, 1991 Folder 16: Flattened Box: Topps Desert Storm Victory Series Trading Cards, 1991 Folder 17: Flattened Box: Operation Desert Shield Trading Cards, 1991 Folder 18: Plastic sleeve containing Desert Storm trading cards featuring U.S. Marines, 1991 Folder 19: Middle East: The Desert Storm War Zone Wall Map, 1990

Series 2: Newspapers/Magazines, 1979–1981, 1990–1992, 2003, undated

BOX 5 Folder 1: Time Vol. 114, No. 21, November 19, 1979 Folder 2: Time Vol. 114, No. 22, November 26, 1979 Folder 3: Time Vol. 117, No. 5, February 2, 1981 Folder 3: Time Vol. 137, No. 3, January 21, 1991 Folder 4: Time Vol. 137, No. 4, January 28, 1991 Folder 5: Time Vol. 137, No. 4, January 28, 1991 (International Edition) Folder 6: Time Vol. 137, No. 5, February 4, 1991 Folder 7: Time Vol. 137, No. 6, February 11, 1991 Folder 8: Time Vol. 137, No. 7, February 18, 1991 Folder 9: Time Vol. 137, No. 8, February 25, 1991 Folder 10: Time Vol. 137, No. 9, March 4, 1991 Folder 11: Time Vol. 137, No. 10, March 11, 1991 Folder 12: Time Vol. 137, No. 10, March 11, 1991 (International Edition) Folder 13: Time Vol. 137, No. 11, March 18, 1991 Folder 14: Time Vol. 138, No. 5, August 5, 1991 Folder 15: Time Vol. 161, No. 13, March 31, 2003 Folder 16: All Hands: Magazine of the U.S. Navy “Desert Storm Special Issue” No. 892, 1991 Folder 17: Desert Storm: Send Hussein to Hell! Vol. 1 No. 1, 1991 Folder 18: Marines Vol. 20, No. 3, March 1991 Folder 19: Sid Moody, 444 Days: The American Hostage Story, 1981 Folder 20: Newsweek Vol. 116, No. 10, September 3, 1990 Folder 21: Newsweek Vol. 116, No. 11, September 10, 1990 Folder 22: Newsweek Vol. 116, No. 24, December 10, 1990 Folder 23: Newsweek Vol. 117, No. 3, January 21, 1991 Folder 24: Newsweek Vol. 117, No. 4, January 28, 1991 Folder 25: Newsweek Vol. 117, No. 6, February 11, 1991 Folder 26: Newsweek Vol. 117, No. 9, March 4, 1991 Folder 27: Newsweek Vol. 117, No. 10, March 11, 1991 Folder 28: Life Vol. 3, No. 1, January 1980 Folder 29: Life Vol. 14, No. 3, March 1991

BOX 6

Folder 1: National Victory Celebration, June 8, 1991 Folder 2: USA Today, January 17, 1991 Folder 3: USA Today, March 7, 1991 Folder 4: The Washington Post, February 24, 1991 Folder 5: The Philadelphia Inquirer, January 17, 1991 (2 copies) Folder 6: The Philadelphia Inquirer, February 28, 1991 Folder 7: New York Post, January 17, 1991

Series 3: Clippings and Ephemera, 1990–1992, undated

BOX 5 (continued)

Folder 30: Clippings: “Take Your Best Shot at Saddam Hussein” from Soldier of Fortune Magazine, undated Folder 31: Clippings: Advertisement for military apparel, undated Folder 32: Clippings: Advertisement for America West Airlines, 1991 Folder 33: Clippings: “Grapevine,” Time, June 17, 1991 Folder 34: Clippings: “Giving Peace a Chance” and “Why No Blue Blood Will Flow,” Time, November 26, 1990 Folder 35: Clippings: “Imported oil strengthens our ties to the Middle East,” undated Folder 36: Clippings: “Business Notes,” Time, December 24, 1990 Folder 37: Clippings: Advertisement, “A Yellow Ribbon Homecoming,” undated Folder 38: Clippings: “Intelligence Report,” Parade, April 19, 1992 Folder 39: Clippings: “Law Enforcement Communications: Tactics for Tehran,” March, 1980 Folder 40: Clippings: “Desert Storm Stealth Fighter $5 Dollar Coin,” 1991 Folder 41: Clippings: “Stand Up, Stand Out,” undated Folder 42: “Post-War Student Forum” Flyer, March 14, 1991 Folder 43: “Support Our Troops: World Peace!” Poster, January 19, 1991

Series 4: Sheet Music, 1979–1981, 1991, 2002–2003

BOX 4 (continued)

Folder 20: Litkei, Andrea and Ervin. “The Captured Fifty.” Los Angeles: Charles Hansen Music & Books, Inc., 1979. Folder 21: Burns, Brent. “Cheaper Crude or No More Food.” Los Angeles: Charles Hansen Music & Books, Inc., 1979. Folder 22: Stein, Michael. “We Are With You (The Desert Shield Song): A Tribute to the Allied Forces in the Gulf.” Secaucus, NJ: Warner Bros. Publications Inc., 1991. (2 copies) Folder 23: Levine, Irwin and Brown, L. Russell. “Tie A Yellow Ribbon Round The Ole Oak Tree (Dedicated to the Hostage Families).” New York: Warner Bros. Publications Inc., 1981. Folder 24: Kelly, R. “Soldier’s Heart.” Miami, FL: Warner Bros. Publications, 2002. Folder 25: Morgan, Cindy and Schultz, Mark. “Letters from You.” Miami, FL: Warner Bros. Publications, 2003. Folder 26: Varble, Wynn and Worley, Darryl Wade. “Have You Forgotten?” Miami, FL: Warner Bros. Publications, 2003. Folder 27: Lennon, John and McCartney, Paul. “Give Peace A Chance.” New Lyrics by Sean Lennon. Milwaukee, WI: Hal Leonard Publishing Corporation, 1991.

Series 5: Recordings

Subseries 1: Audiocassettes, 1990–1991, undated

BOX 7

Weiss, Donna E. “Bring ‘Em Home Safely.” 1991. “Baghdad Betty.” Radio broadcast recorded ca. 1991. “Baghdad Betty w/out music.” Radio broadcast recorded ca. 1991. WMAL, Washington, D.C. “Desert Storm: A Salute In Song 1991.” Radio broadcast recorded ca. 1991. Williams, Brandon. “Desert Mail Bag Sides 1 and 2.” Radio broadcast recorded 1991. Williams, Brandon. “Desert Mail Bag Sides 3 and 4.” Radio broadcast recorded 1991. Williams, Brandon. “Desert Mail Bag Sides 5 and 6.” Radio broadcast recorded 1991. Williams, Brandon. “Desert Mail Bag Sides 7 and 8.” Radio broadcast recorded 1991. Williams, Brandon. “Desert Mail Bag Sides 9 and 10.” Radio broadcast recorded 1991. Williams, Brandon. “Desert Mail Bag Sides 11 and 12.” Radio broadcast recorded 1991. Williams, Brandon. “Desert Mail Bag Sides 13 and 14.” Radio broadcast recorded 1991. Williams, Brandon. “Desert Mail Bag Sides 15 and 16.” Radio broadcast recorded 1991. United States Navy Band Country Current. “Let Freedom Ring / We Are With You.” BMI, 1990. Boylan, John. “The Simpsons Sing the Blues.” Geffen, 1990. 17-Inch Crash. “War Piece (Scared Isn’t the Word).” 1991. Alberts, Al. “Welcome Home / Let’s Make Our America the Beautiful, Beautiful Again,” Astel, 1991. Green, Florence and Dixon, Luther. “Boston Dawn / Soldier Boy.” American Sound Records, 1991. Midler, Bette. “From A Distance.” Atlantic, 1990. Truth Be Known. “War.” SISAPA, 1991. Voices That Care. “Voices That Care / Messages of Care.” Giant, 1991. Orlando, Tony. “With Every Yellow Ribbon (That’s Why We Tie ‘Em).” Quality, 1991. Peace Choir. “Give Peace A Chance.” Virgin, 1991. Rolling Stones, The. “Highwire / 2000 Light Years From Home.” Rolling Stones, 1991. Styx. “Show Me the Way.” A&M, 1990. Martin, Jerry. “Letter to Saddam Hussein.” Desert Storm, 1991. Vinton, Bobby and the Curb Girls. “Mr. Lonely / Letter to a Soldier.” Curb, 1990. Houston, Whitney. “The Star Spangled Banner.” Arista, 1991. Burbank, Gary. “Gary Burbank Sampler: Iraq Themes.” 1991. Various Artists. “Libyan On A Jet Plane / I Fought the Law / Don’t Give Us a Reason / CNN From Baghdad.” ca. 1991. Various Artists. “Burbank Sampler.” ca. 1991.

Subseries 2: Compact Discs, 1994, 2006–2008

BOX 8

Eckhart, Jacey. “These Boots: A Spouse’s Guide to Stepping Up and Standing Tall During Deployment.” Military OneSource, 2006. Itzel, Bill and Karen. “Soldiers.” Straight Answer, 2006. Anti-Flag. “For Blood and Empire.” RCA, 2006. Wounded Warrior Project. “Wounded Warrior Project PSAs.” 1994.

Subseries 3: 7” Singles, 1973–1995, 2000, 2010–2012, undated

BOX 9

Popular Demand. “4000 Mile Gas Line.” Crunch, 1979. Stark, Len. “American Message to the Hostages / Big Butters.” Melron, 1980. Feldman, Amy. “An American Soldier’s Wife / Strangers’ Eyes.” Caliboque, 1990. Brain Car. “Rock & Roll Bologna.” Reel Time Records, 2010. Pinkhard & Bowden. “Arab, Alabama.” Warner Bros., 1988. Dahl, Steve. “Ayatola / Unhappy New Year.” Coho, 1980. Creeping Illness. “Beat on Iraq / Gimme Gimme Gimme Some Penicillin / End It.” Singe, 1991. Folder 8: JC & the B-1 Bombers. “Bomb Iran / You’re The One.” Bombardier, 1980. “Bomb Iran.” Towel, 1980. Vance, Vince & the Valiants. “Bomb Iran / Bye-Bye, Baby.” Paid, 1980. Knee, Bernie. “The Captured Fifty / the President Jimmy Carter March.” Galiko, 1980. Patriots. “The Captured Fifty.” Aurora, 1979. Butler, Bobby “Sofine.” “Cheaper Crude or No More Food / Bobby’s (Nervous) Breakdown.” IBC, 1979. Hallmark, Rodger and Gresham. “Chicken Shiites / I Married a Dog.” Moon Shine, [???]. Reed, Jerry. “The Crude Oil Blues / Pickie, Pickie, Pickie.” RCA Victor, 1974. Strasser, Gene and Stacy. “Dear Little Soldier.” Antique, 1974. Barnes, Max D. “Dear Mr. President / Patricia.” Ovation, 1979. Anderson, Bill. “Deck of Cards / Thank You Darling.” Curb, 1991. Fumes. “Desert Shield.” Sayman. 1991. Ray, Van. “The Desert Shield / Asian Blues.” Hillton, ca. 1990. Downer, Judi. “Desert Storm.” Jewel, 1991. Biafra, Jello. “Die For Oil, Sucker / Pledge of Allegiance.” Alternative Tentacles, 1991. Mitchell, Eddie Wayne. “The Downfall of Saddam Hussein.” Stargem, 1991. Goodman, Dickie. “Energy Crisis / Pain.” Hotline, 1979. Chadbourne. Eugene. “Feel Like I’m Fixin’ to Die (Iraq) / National Bummer / Oil of Hate.” Black Jack, 1991. Gallagher. “Questions / Flying Minorities / O.P.E.C.ers.” United Artists, 1980. Bad Religion. “Heaven Is Falling / Fertile Crescent / Noam Chomsky Political Analysis.” Maximum RocknRoll, 1991. Near, Joe. “From Citizens to Patriots.” Fraternity, 1980. Right Wing. “Gaddafi (Don’t Let Gaddafi Murder Me).” Polaris, 1986. Kinks, The. “A Gallon of Gas / Low Budget.” Arista, 1979. Kirby, Dave. “Gas (I Wish I Had a Friend in Iran).” Monument, 1979. Dennis, John Lee. “Gas Line Blues.” Platypus, 1979. Allen, Dick. “Go to Hell, Ayatollah / Pickin’ Um Up and Layin’ Um Down.” Fig Lenny, 1979. Zehm, Bobby. “God Bless America (And Guide Her) / Legend of Love.” Z, 1980. Storm The Tower. “Gods of War.” Honey Bear, [???]. Thompson, Randy. “Goodbye Tehran, Iran / Back to My Love.” Crazy Mamas, 1981. Corey, Dallas. “Hey There Mr. Carter / (John Wayne) The American Legend.” IMMCO, 1979. Paycheck, Johnny. “The Highlight of ’81 / Sharon Rae.” Epic, 1981. Newman, Larry. “Home to You.” LWN, 1990. Boone, Pat. “The Hostage Prayer (Lord, Bring Us Home).” Lamb and Lion, 1980. Wages, John David. “The Hostages / The American Way.” Musiplex, 1979. Wilson, Wally. “How Do You Spell Quadaffi. Khadafy? / One on One.” Compleat Records, 1986. Quarter Moon. “Freedom Wins Again / Hussein’s Doctor.” B&E, 1990. Waites, Charlie. “I’ll Be Coming Home.” Badger, 2012. Hicks, Duke. “I’ll Fight for Glory.” Badger, [???]. Dan the Man. “High Priced Gasoline 81” / Iran Crisis.” Dan the Man, 1981. Wills, Jay Ray and the Whole Creation Band. “Iran Song for the Hostages / Hayride.” New Star, ca. 1980. Henderson, Ed. “Johnny, Give ‘Em Hell / Men Get Lonely Too.” NSD, 1991. Ronnie and the Ray Guns. “Khadaffy Duck.” Eagle International, ca. 1981.

BOX 10

Exodus II. “Khadafy Shuffle / What Took So Long.” Three Sons, 1986. Thompson, J.W. “Khomaniac.” Southern Star, ca. 1979. Pendleton, Les. “Lebanon Letter.” Sound Factory, 1983. Hemple, Ernie. “Letter to Iran / Love You.” Round Sound, ca. 1979. Pinkard & Bowden. “Libyan on a Jet Plane (Leavin’ On A Jet Plane) / Don’t Pet the Dog.” Warner Bros., 1989. Gilley. Penny. “The Line Drawn in the Sand.” N-Joy, 1991. Hall, Ricky. “Line Drawn in the Sand.” Hart 2 Hart, 1991. Harmon, Chris. “Mama’s Gone to War / When Mama Comes Marchin’ Home.” CCM, 1991 Hallmark, Roger. “A Message to Khomeini / Maharishi.” Vulcan, 1979. Mason, Donna. “Military Wives.” Noel, 1990. No More Moammar Band, The. “Mo’ Khadafyswing.” MPPA, 1981. Pump, Randy and The Gas-O-Lettes. “Murder in the Gas Line.” A&M, 1979. Defenders, The. “Nobody Tells the U.S. What to Do.” Salsoul, 1979. Hamilton Junior High. “An Open Letter to the President (I Believe in America) / Theme from The ‘White House.’” Chopper, 1980. Anthony, Mark. “Operation Desert Shield.” Belltune, 1991. Korda, Paul. “Out of Gas.” RCA, 1979. Hallmark, Rodger. “Pluck Khadaffy Duck / America’s Hit Parade (Vocal Version) / Pluck Khadaffy Duck / America’s Hit Parade (RapVersion).” Ronnie’s Records, [???]. Bart, Doc. “Remember Iran / Ayatollah Rocked.” DRA, 1980. Umfleet, Bill. “Return of Danny Boy / Mirror Behind the Bar.” Artist of America, [???]. Wheeler, Billy Edd. “Ring the Bells of Freedom.” Radio Cinema, 1979. The Clash. “Rock the Casbah / Long Time Jerk.” Epic, 1982. Mr. Lex. “War List / Saddam Rhythm.” Annex, 2000. Southern Strings. “Saudi Sand / Sail On.” Country Breeze, 1991. Desert Storm. “The Other Side of the Story.” Sea Note, 1995. Fargo, Donna. “Soldier Boy.” Cleveland International, 1991. An American. “Soldiers, Proud and True.” New Horizon, [???]. Burden, Billy. “Something Ought to Be Said / This Is My Flag.” NSD, 1980. Major Bill and the Americans. “Take Your Crude and Shove It / America.” Le Cam, 1979. Baker, Bobby B. “Take Your Oil and Shove It / It’s Just About Time.” Seeds and Stems, 1979. Oakwood / Shelley Looney. “It’s Nice to Believe / This is My Country, Thank You Canada.” Mercury, 1980. Big Roger Pee. “Thanks for the Released Hostages! / Set Those Hostages Free!” Roots, 1980. Carver, Johnny. “Tie A Yellow Ribbon ‘Round the Ole Oak Tree / You Haven’t Really Changed.” MCA, 1973. Wyrtzen, Christine. “They’ve Come Home /Shadow of a Tree.” Milk and Honey, 1981. Tiny Tim. “Tip Toe to the Gas Pumps / The Hicky (On Your Neck).” Clouds, 1979. Joey and Lisa. “To Joey (c/o Desert Shield) / The Pain of Love.” Caprice, ca. 1990. Danes, Roger. “A Tribute to the Hostages / Thank You for Your Bravery.” Big K, 1981. Foster, David. “Voices That Care / Messages of Care.” Giant, 1991. Manthei, Teddy W. “(We Hadda Stop) Insane Hussein / Simple Ways.” Bellaire, 1991. Dean, Lyle. “We’ve Waited Long Enough Uncle Sam.” Colonial, 1979. English, Judge Roy. “Welcome Home (A Healing Song).” Earthtone, [???]. Moody Brothers, The. “Welcome Home Soldier.” Lamon, 1990. Davis, Leslie. “What I Think of Suddam Hussien [sic] / You’ve Growed on Me.” Round Robin, [???] Mason, Don. “Where Are You Now When We Need You Ross Perot.” D, [???] Barnhill, Gayle. “Where Did Daddy Go (Momma Can You Tell).” Fairplay, [???] Reed, Jerry. “(Who Was the Man Who Put) The Line in Gasoline / A Piece of Cake.” RCA, 1979. Marsh, Dane. “Your God Is Not My God Ayatollah / Back to Normal Now.” Seascape, 1980.

Series 6: Personal, 1991, 2003–2005, undated

BOX 4 (continued)

Folder 28: Thank-You card addressed to Keesing, undated Folder 29: Postcard: Bedouin Camp, 1991 Folder 30: Postcard: “The Art In War,” 2005 Folder 31: Research Notes: Handwritten lists of songs about the Iran Crisis, undated (2) Folder 32: Keesing Subject Files: Popular music and Middle East region crises and conflict, 1979–2009

NAMES Bin Laden, Osama. 1957-2011 Bush, George (Herbert Walker). 1924- Bush, George W. 1946- Hussein, Saddam. 1937-2006 Khomeini, Ruhollah. 1902-1989 Schwarzkopf, H. Norman. 1934-2012

SUBJECTS Gulf War, 1990-1991 Gulf War illness Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981 United States. Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm United States. Persian Gulf Command