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Notre Dame Review Notre Dame Review
NOTRE DAME REVIEW NOTRE DAME REVIEW NUMBER 8 Editors John Matthias William O'Rourke Senior Editor Steve Tomasula Founding Editor Valerie Sayers Managing Editor Editorial Assistants Kathleen J. Canavan Kelley Beeson Stacy Cartledge R. Thomas Coyne Contributing Editors Douglas Curran Matthew Benedict Jeanne DeVita Gerald Bruns Shannon Doyne Seamus Deane Anthony D'Souza Stephen Fredman Katie Lehman Sonia Gernes Marinella Macree Jere Odell Tom O'Connor Kymberly Taylor Haywood Rod Phasouk James Walton Ginger Piotter Henry Weinfield Laura Schafer Donald Schindler Elizabeth Smith-Meyer Charles Walton The Notre Dame Review is published semi-annually. Subscriptions: $15(individuals) or $20 (institu- tions) per year. Single Copy price: $8. Distributed by Media Solutions, Huntsville, Alabama and International Periodical Distributors, Solana Beach, California. We welcome manuscripts, which are read from September through April. Please include a SASE for return. Please send all subscription and editorial correspondence to: Notre Dame Review, The Creative Writing Program, Department of English, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556. Notre Dame Review copyright 1999 by the University of Notre Dame ISSN: 1082-1864 Place/Displacement ISBN 1-892492-07-5 Cover Art: "Diagram for the Apprehension of Simple Forces," cibiachrome, 1997, 12 x 15 inches, by Jason Salavon. Courtesy of Peter Miller Gallery, Chicago. CONTENTS Genghis Khan story ..................................................................... 1 Yanbing Chen Anstruther; Knowledge; Alford -
Chapter 2 Music in the United States Before the Great Depression
American Music in the 20th Century 6 Chapter 2 Music in the United States Before the Great Depression Background: The United States in 1900-1929 In 1920 in the US - Average annual income = $1,100 - Average purchase price of a house = $4,000 - A year's tuition at Harvard University = $200 - Average price of a car = $600 - A gallon of gas = 20 cents - A loaf of Bread = 20 cents Between 1900 and the October 1929 stock market crash that triggered the Great Depression, the United States population grew By 47 million citizens (from 76 million to 123 million). Guided by the vision of presidents Theodore Roosevelt1 and William Taft,2 the US 1) began exerting greater political influence in North America and the Caribbean.3 2) completed the Panama Canal4—making it much faster and cheaper to ship its goods around the world. 3) entered its "Progressive Era" by a) passing anti-trust laws to Break up corporate monopolies, b) abolishing child labor in favor of federally-funded puBlic education, and c) initiating the first federal oversight of food and drug quality. 4) grew to 48 states coast-to-coast (1912). 5) ratified the 16th Amendment—estaBlishing a federal income tax (1913). In addition, by 1901, the Lucas brothers had developed a reliaBle process to extract crude oil from underground, which soon massively increased the worldwide supply of oil while significantly lowering its price. This turned the US into the leader of the new energy technology for the next 60 years, and opened the possibility for numerous new oil-reliant inventions. -
Schools' Budget Cut Down by $9.2 Million
FRFRONTONT PAGE A1 www.tooeletranscript.com TUESDAY TOOELE Monument RANSCRIPT dedicated to T the unborn See A2 BULLETIN MayM 25,25, 2010 SERVING TOOELE COUNTY SINCE 1894 VOL. 116 NO. 103 50¢ Schools’ budget cut down by $9.2 million instructional materials, adminis- tration and utilities. Overall, sala- Less money will result in fewer teachers ries make up 86 percent of the total district budget, according and larger class sizes in some grades to Richard Reese, Tooele County School District business adminis- by Tim Gillie school year by $7.1 million at its trator. STAFF WRITER meeting on May 18. That 8.7 per- “Reducing expenses this year cent cut was necessitated by a $2.1 will mean a reduction in expenses The Tooele County School million reduction in funding from for salaries,” Reese said. District has cut its 2010-11 budget the state and the loss of $4.8 mil- The district will look to make by 8.4 percent to $101 million — a lion in one-time federal stimulus up the shortfall by reducing its concession to decreased funding money the district received last roster of 740 full and part-time at a time when enrollment is once year. teaching positions by 18.5 posi- again expected to rise. The maintenance and opera- tions. The reduction will take place The Tooele County School tions budget comprises 74 percent through natural attrition — teach- District Board of Directors bal- of the district’s total budget for the ers retiring or leaving the district’s anced the new budget by chopping upcoming year. -
Cascadia BELLINGHAM's NOT-SO
cascadia REPORTING FROM THE HEART OF CASCADIA 08/29/07 :: 02.35 :: FREE TORTURED TENURE, P. 6 KASEY ANDERSON, P. 20 GLOBAL WARNING, P. 24 BELLINGHAM’S NOT-SO- PROUD PAST, P.8 HOUND JAZZ FESTIVAL: BELLINGHAM HOEDOWN: DOG AURAL ACUMEN IN TRAVERSE: DAYS OF SUMMER, P. 16 ANACORTES, P. 21 SIMULATING THE SALMON, P. 17 NURSERY, LANDSCAPING & ORCHARDS Sustainable ] 35 UNIQUE PLANTS Communities ][ FOOD FOR NORTHWEST & land use conference 28-33 GARDENS Thursday, September 6 ornamentals, natives, fruit ][ CLASSIFIEDS ][ LANDSCAPE & 24-27 DESIGN SERVICES ][ FILM Fall Hours start Sept. 5: Wed-Sat 10-5, Sun 11-4 20-23 Summer: Wed-Sat 10-5 , Goodwin Road, Everson Join Sustainable Connections to learn from key ][ MUSIC ][ www.cloudmountainfarm.com stakeholders from remarkable Cascadia Region 19 development featuring: ][ ART ][ Brownfields Urban waterfronts 18 Modern Furniture Fans in Washington &Canada Urban villages Urban growth areas (we deliver direct to you!) LIVE MUSIC Rural development Farmland preservation ][ ON STAGE ][ Thurs. & Sat. at 8 p.m. In addition, special hands on work sessions will present 17 the opportunity to get updates on, and provide feedback to, local plans and projects. ][ GET ][ OUT details & agenda: www.SustainableConnections.org 16 Queen bed Visit us for ROCK $699 BOTTOM Prices on Home Furnishings ][ WORDS & COMMUNITY WORDS & ][ 8-15 ][ CURRENTS We will From 6-7 CRUSH $699 Anyone’s Prices ][ VIEWS ][ on 4-5 ][ MAIL 3 DO IT IT DO $569 .07 29 A little out of the way… 08. But worth it. 1322 Cornwall Ave. Downtown Bellingham Striving to serve the community of Whatcom, Skagit, Island Counties & British Columbia CASCADIA WEEKLY #2.35 (Between Holly & Magnolia) 733-7900 8038 Guide Meridian (360) 354-1000 www.LeftCoastFurnishings.com Lynden, Washington www.pioneerford.net 2 *we reserve the right not to sell below our cost c . -
2016/17 Season Coming in the 2017/18 Season
A RAISIN IN THE SUN 2016/17 SEASON COMING IN THE 2017/18 SEASON Hot-Button Comedy World-Premire Power Play and NATIVE GARDENS Part of the Women’s Voices Theater Festival BY KAREN ZACARÍAS SOVEREIGNTY DIRECTED BY BLAKE ROBISON BY MARY KATHRYN NAGLE CO-PROUCTION WITH GUTHRIE THEATER DIRECTED BY MOLLY SMITH SEPTEMBER 15 — OCTOBER 22, 2017 JANUARY 12 — FEBRUARY 18, 2018 Good fences make good neighbors … right? In Mary Kathryn Nagle’s daring new work, From the outrageous mind of playwright a Cherokee lawyer fights to restore her Karen Zacarías (Destiny of Desire) comes Nation’s jurisdiction while confronting the ever this hot new comedy about the clash of present ghosts of her grandfathers. Arena’s class and culture that pushes well-meaning fourth Power Play world premiere travels the D.C. neighbors over the edge in a backyard intersections of personal and political truths, border dispute. and historic and present struggles. Golden Age Musical THE PAJAMA GAME BOOK BY GEORGE ABBOTT AND RICHARD BISSELL Epic Political Thrill Ride MUSIC AND LYRICS BY RICHARD ADLER AND JERRY ROSS THE GREAT SOCIETY BASED ON THE NOVEL 7½ CENTS BY RICHARD BISSELL BY ROBERT SCHENKKAN DIRECTED BY ALAN PAUL DIRECTED BY KYLE DONNELLY CHOREOGRAPHED BY PARKER ESSE FEBRUARY 2 — MARCH 11, 2018 MUSIC DIRECTION BY JAMES CUNNINGHAM Jack Willis reprises his performance as OCTOBER 27 — DECEMBER 24, 2017 President Lyndon Baines Johnson in this When a workers’ strike pits management sequel to the Tony Award-winning play All against labor, it ignites an outrageous the Way, bringing the second half of Robert battle of the sexes. -
Alternative Fuels in Puerto Rico
Faculty Code: REL Project Sequence: 6342 IQP Division: 42 Alternative Fuels in Puerto Rico An Interactive Qualifying Project Report Submitted to the faculty of Worcester Polytechnic Institute in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science Sponsoring Agency: Puerto Rico Energy Affairs Administration Submitted by: _______________________ Sean Dillon _______________________ Fatima Zahra Mahhou _______________________ Kortni Violette Date: May 5, 2011 Submitted to: Damarys González and Alexis Miranda Puerto Rico Energy Affairs Administration Prof. Reinhold Ludwig and Prof. Svetlana Nikitina Worcester Polytechnic Institute i | P a g e Abstract Puerto Rico relies completely on imported fossil fuels for transportation fuels. This has had negative impacts on the environment and the economy. The Puerto Rico Energy Affairs Administration (PREAA) is interested in adopting an alternative fuels policy similar to the EPA‟s Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS). The alternative fuels that this project focuses on are biodiesel and ethanol. The goal of our project was to determine what federal and state policies exist in the United States and how these fuel policies could be applied to the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico in an effort to introduce biodiesel or ethanol as a transportation fuel. ii | P a g e Acknowledgements Our group would like to express our appreciation to the following people whose contributions helped us to complete this project: Damarys Gonzalez, our project liaison The Puerto Rico Energy Affairs Administration (PREAA), Alexis Miranda, Odin Castillo, Erica Rivera, Luis Osorio, Luis Bernal, and Andre Mesa Reinhold Ludwig and Svetlana Nikitina, our project advisors Susan Vernon-Gerstenfeld, the Puerto Rico project site advisor Thank you for your insight and support throughout the project. -
2008 NGA Centennial Meeting
1 1 2 3 4 5 NATIONAL GOVERNORS ASSOCIATION 6 2008 CENTENNIAL MEETING 7 PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA 8 9 - - - 10 11 PLENARY SESSION 12 JULY 13, 2008 13 CREATING A DIVERSE ENERGY PORTFOLIO 14 15 - - - 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 VERITEXT NATIONAL COURT REPORTING COMPANY 24 KNIPES COHEN 1801 Market Street - Suite 1800 25 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103 2 1 - - - I N D E X 2 - - - 3 PAGE 4 Governor Tim Pawlenty, Chair 3 5 6 Robert A. Malone, 18 Chairman and President, BP America, Inc. 7 8 Vijay V. Vaitheeswatan, 53 Award-Winning Correspondent, The Economist 9 10 Distinguished Service Awards 91 11 Corporate Fellows Tenure Awards 109 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 3 1 2 CHAIRMAN PAWLENTY: Good morning, 3 everybody; good morning, distinguished guests. 4 I now call to order the 100th 5 Annual Meeting of the National Governors 6 Association. I would like to begin by saying 7 what a privilege it has been to serve as the 8 National Governors Association Chair over these 9 past 12 months. 10 We also want to welcome all of 11 our governors here. We would like to have one 12 of our new governors here this morning as well, 13 Governor Paterson from New York, but I think he 14 was called back to New York on state business, 15 but we certainly welcome him and are excited to 16 get to know him better and work with him as one 17 of our colleagues. 18 At this session, along with 19 hearing from two notable speakers on creating a 20 diverse energy portfolio, we will recognize our 21 Distinguished Service Award winners and our 15- 22 and 20-year Corporate Fellows, but first we 23 need to do a little housekeeping and procedural 24 business, and I need to have a motion to adopt 25 the Rules of Procedure for the meeting, and I 4 1 2 understand Governor Rendell has been carefully 3 studying this motion and is prepared to make 4 a . -
2011 Notice of Intent To
Environmental and Natural Resources Law Clinic Vermont Law School, 164 Chelsea Street South Royalton, VT 05068-0096 802-831-1630 (phone) • 802-831-1631 (fax) October 26, 2011 VIA E-MAIL AND CERTIFIED MAIL, RETURN-RECEIPT REQUESTED Colonel Alfred A. Pantano, Jr. Donald W. Kinard District Commander Chief, Regulatory Division U.S. Army Corps of Engineers U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Jacksonville District Jacksonville District 701 San Marco Blvd. P.O. Box 4970 Jacksonville, FL 32207-0019 Jacksonville, FL 32232-0019 Re: Notice of Intent to Sue U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for Violations of Sections 7 and 9 of the Endangered Species Act, as well as 50 C.F.R. § 402.16, in Connection with the Issuance of a Permit under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act for the Via Verde Natural Gas Pipeline Project, Permit Application No. SAJ 2010-02881 (IP- EWG) Dear Colonel Pantano and Mr. Kinard: Pursuant to the citizen suit provision of the Endangered Species Act (ESA), 16 U.S.C. § 1540(g), and on behalf of our clients listed in Appendix A, we hereby notify the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) that we intend to file a citizen suit in federal district court challenging the Corps’ issuance of a permit authorizing the construction of the Via Verde Natural Gas Pipeline in Puerto Rico because this decision will violate the agency’s procedural and substantive obligations under the ESA, 16 U.S.C. §§ 1536, 1538, and related regulations. In light of the threat of irreparable harm to numerous endangered species, we plan to commence a citizen suit immediately after the expiration of the requisite 60-day period unless the Corps undertakes sufficient corrective actions before then. -
The Hugo Keesing Collection on the Gulf Wars Special Collections in Performing Arts University of Maryland Libraries Processed
The Hugo Keesing Collection on the Gulf Wars Special Collections in Performing Arts University of Maryland Libraries Processed by: Rachel Ace Date Processed: Fall 2016 Size: 6.25 linear feet Bulk dates: 1990–1992 Inclusive dates: 1979–2003 SCPA shelf location: A9-2-1 to A9-3-5 Important Information for Users of the Collection: Restrictions: The collection is open for research use. Preferred citation: The Hugo Keesing Collection on the Gulf Wars, Special Collections in Performing Arts, University of Maryland Libraries. Publication rights: All copyright in this collections remains with the creators. Status: This collection is PROCESSED. Historical Note: In the summer of 1990, Saddam Hussein led the Iraqi army in an invasion of Kuwait, the small neighboring country that contains six percent of the world’s oil reserves. U.S. President George H. W. Bush saw the invasion as a threat not only to the international economy, but also to post- Cold-War international diplomacy. With support from the United Nations Security Council, Bush organized a coalition that included the United States, Saudi Arabia, the United Kingdom, and Egypt among others, to send military forces into Kuwait, hoping to both expel Hussein’s army, and demonstrate the power of international cooperation. The resultant Gulf War (also known as the Persian Gulf War or the First Gulf War) lasted from August 2, 1990 to February 28, 1991. It was fought in two stages. The first, codenamed “Operation Desert Shield,” involved the installation of allied troops in Saudi Arabia to secure the border. The second stage, initiated on January 17, 1991 and codenamed “Operation Desert Storm,” was the combat phase. -
Bears Roar Into 2006 “It’S Not an Issue of the ‘Right Size’ of the Church
BEARS ON PROWL FAVORITE MUSICAL HEADING INTO 2006 COMES TO WACO SEASON PAGE 4-5 CIVIC THEATRE PAGE 7 ROUNDING UP CAMPUS NEWS SINCE 1900 THE BAYLOR LARIAT THURSDAY, AUGUST 31, 2006 Members of the class of 2009 participate in the festivities during Slime Freshmen set Line record Night/Uproar in 2005. The class of 2010 Slime Night/UpRoar senior, is a coordinator for this The idea was so successful, UpRoar will begin around set a Baylor Line year’s Baylor Line . Baker and his team decided to 7:15 p.m. record by pur- combination proves Baker is responsible for a do it again this year. “We want to make this as big chasing more successful tradition variety of things, including Slime Night traditionally has and exciting event for freshmen than 2,000 gold making sure freshmen know been the night for freshman to as possible,” Baker said. jerseys to be By Van Darden which direction to run onto the receive their slime caps, a tra- Student Body President Mark worn at football Staff writer field before the beginning of dition dating back to the early Laymon said he hopes that by games this fall. the games and ensuring proper 1900s, and to learn about other combining the two events, stu- Slime Night/ Floyd Casey Stadium will game-day protocol. Baylor traditions. dents will get pumped up about Uproar begins at look like the inside of Fort Knox To get this done, Baker enlist- UpRoar was created in the Baylor football. 6:30 p.m. Friday Sunday as a record 2,000-plus ed the help of student govern- fall of 2005 as a campus wide “We want to get that buzz at Burleson freshmen don their gold Baylor ment and has organized Baylor’s pep rally before major football going before the game,” Lay- Quadrangle. -
Congressional Record United States Th of America PROCEEDINGS and DEBATES of the 110 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION
E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 110 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION Vol. 154 WASHINGTON, TUESDAY, JUNE 10, 2008 No. 95 House of Representatives The House met at 9 a.m. and was One year ago, crude oil was selling recent past. If studies show we don’t called to order by the Speaker pro tem- for $65 a barrel, and all of us were pay- have enough oil refineries, then let’s pore (Mr. MCNULTY). ing around $3 per gallon at the pump. ask the question: Is it time that we f We thought things were bad then. The build refineries on each side of the cost per barrel for crude oil has more Rocky Mountains? DESIGNATION OF SPEAKER PRO than doubled since last year while, this Skyrocketing gasoline prices are TEMPORE week, we are forced to pay in northeast crippling family budgets and profits for The SPEAKER pro tempore laid be- Wisconsin over $4 per gallon. Yet this small businesses everywhere in the fore the House the following commu- is taking place during a recession when country. Our long-term energy solu- nication from the Speaker: demand for oil is down. This is not the tions, however, must include creating a WASHINGTON, DC, way of the free marketplace. new national energy policy, imple- June 10, 2008. Like you, I was more than a little menting provisions like those I fought I hereby appoint the Honorable MICHAEL R. surprised to learn that, during this to include in the new farm bill that MCNULTY to act as Speaker pro tempore on past January of 2008, we had so much will promote alternative sources of en- this day. -
3 Environmental Impacts of Proposed Action and Mitigation Measures
3 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF PROPOSED ACTION AND MITIGATION MEASURES 3.1 Topography, Geology and Soils The construction of the Project will require typical earthworks activities such as cut and fill. However, it is not anticipated that these activities will cause significant impacts on the geomorphology, topography and soils of the Site as these were largely impacted by the construction and operation of the former paper mill. Neither is expected that earthworks for the off-site components of the Project will cause significative impacts on these resources, as they also constitute areas previously impacted by road construction (PR-2, etc.) and the Central Cambalache Sugar Mill. Earthworks activities at the Site include the deposit of approximately 382,000 cubic meters of artificial fill and compaction of fill, in a 2-3 meters range above existing grade in areas where the structural elements of the Project will be located. It also requires the extraction and removal of alluvium or alluvial deposits to secure the necessary foundations and structural elements. The preliminary geotechnical study performed at the Site indicates that structures must be founded on pile type deep foundations, due to the inability of soils to withstand structural loading, which will also cause a temporary direct impact on the geomorphology of the area where earth crust material will be removed to drive foundations. However, due to the small footprint impact of drilling areas for the piles and because it will be a temporary impact, these activities are not expected to result in significant adverse impacts. Extraction or cutting of earth crust materials (alluvium) is also contemplated on the western portion of the Site and out of the Project’s construction foot print to temper or adjust existing conditions within the Site to the recommendations of the H-H Study (see Appendix B ).