Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

Columbia Connections Curriculum Project

Grade 4 Unit

David Thompson and The Columbia River Basin

School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Pre-Assessment ……………………………………………………………………………………………i

Unit Study David Thompson ...... ……………1

Vocabulary Log ...... …………….4

Map (David Thompson and the Columbia River Basin) …………………………………………...6

Relating Text Information to a map ………………………………………………………………..7 Relating Text Information to a map (Answer Sheet) ...... ………………………………….7a

Interpreting Symbols ...... …………….8 Interpreting Symbols (Answer Sheet) ………...... ……………………9a

Using a Map Grid to Describe Position (Map) …………...... …………10 Using a Map Grid to Describe Position (Questions) …………..…………………………. 11 Using a Map Grid to Describe Position (Answers) …………...... ……………. 11a

Know the Facts ………….………………………………………………………………………12-13 Know the Facts (Answer Sheet) …………………...... ………..12a

Journal Entry …………...... 14

Journal Entry Criteria …………...... ……15

Criterion- Referenced Test …………………………………………………………………………16 Criterion- Referenced Test (Answer Sheet) ...... …………………………….. 18

Game - Shoot the Rapids ...... …………...... …….. 19 Chance Cards …………………………………………………………………………………….20a-j Game Board ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 21

Resources ...... …………...... 22

Appendix Archive David Thompson Surveying the Columbia Valley (1807) ...…………………………..... 23

School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

PRE-ASSESSMENT

Instructions:

1. List all the rivers you know in B.C

______

2. Name the explorers who traveled through B.C.

______

3. The Columbia River flows through our area. We are going to study the first explorer who traveled the Columbia River. What are 3 questions you wonder about this explorer or his travels?

a) ______

______

b) ______

______

c) ______

______

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

DAVID THOMPSON

David Thompson was a fur-trader, explorer and map-maker. David Thompson explored and mapped many rivers in central Canada and the prairies. When David

Thompson was 36 and working for the North West Company, his job was to explore, map and build fur-trading posts west of the Rocky Mountains. He needed to do this quickly because the North West Company was afraid that an American fur-trading company would claim the land and control the furs in this area.

David Thompson, his wife, six of his children, and some fur-traders traveled west from what is now known as Alberta. During the summer months the group traveled by hiking, canoeing and horse-backing. During the winter, they traveled using sleds pulled by dog teams or by snowshoeing. They crossed the rough terrain of the Rocky Mountains at

Howse Pass and entered the Kootenay - Columbia area. Thompson was the first white man to arrive in this region. Just a short distance south of Windermere Lake, David Thompson built Kootenae House, the first trading post on the Columbia River and its tributaries. The first winter they spent there was hard for them and they almost starved.

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

Soon David Thompson made friends with the Salish and Kootenae people. They often fed and cared for Thompson and his voyageurs because Thompson was fair and understanding of them. Members of these Aboriginal tribes often traveled with David

Thompson and together they explored the Columbia River and the rivers and lakes that flow into the powerful river. Navigating the wild waters was very difficult and exhausting. They traveled up and down the Columbia River and went to the mouth of the river at the Pacific

Ocean. He arrived here, at what was called Fort Astoria, just a few weeks after the American fur-trading company built their fur-trading post. Although David Thompson's journal is rather vague about this part of his journey, it is probably safe to assume that David

Thompson and the North West Company were disappointed that he did not arrive at Astoria first and build the fur- trading fort. However, David Thompson did go on and build other fur- trading posts along the Columbia River and he continued to accurately survey the area so he could make maps.

In 1811, David Thompson was traveling up the Columbia River and passed through what we now call the City of Trail. He may have stopped in the Fort Shepherd and Waneta areas. He continued up the river exploring the river bank around Castlegar and stopped to fish and gather berries at what we now call Zuckerberg Island, which is where the Kootenay

River joins the Columbia River.

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

David Thompson made many great exploration journeys through the area we now call the

Columbia River Basin. During the years between 1807 and 1812, he explored and surveyed the Columbia River from its source to its mouth. He also explored and mapped the Kootenay

River, parts of the Pend d'Oreille and Canoe Rivers, as well as a great number of streams and lakes. He covered thousands of kilometers and made accurate maps that are still marveled at today. In fact, it is David Thompson who accurately determined where the 49th parallel west of the Rocky Mountains was Located. This is now the border between Canada and the

United States of America.

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

VOCABULARY LOG

Keep a list of words. Write a definition.

Key Words Meaning

______

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

VOCABULARY LOG CONTINUED

______

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

Name ______

RELATING TEXT INFORMATION TO A MAP

Use the information in the story to find the answers to these questions.

1. a) In which main direction did David Thompson travel to first arrive at the Columbia River?

______

b) Name the large mountain range that he crossed to arrive in the Kootenay area.

______Print the name of this mountain range on the map.

c) Find the symbol identifying the pass David Thompson and his family used to cross the mountains to come to the Kootenays. Print the name of the pass on the map.

2. David Thompson built the first fur-trading post south of Lake Windermere but north of Columbia Lake. Mark the location of the post with a dot (•). Print the name of this fort near the dot.

3. a) In his 1811 travels, David Thompson travelled to the mouth of the Columbia River. On the map, mark this location with a dot (•). Print the name of this fort near the dot.

b) Name the ocean that the Columbia River empties into.

______Print the name of the ocean on the map

4. David Thompson began one of his many journeys at Lake Windermere and travelled the Columbia River to its mouth. Mark the route using the -> -> symbol. Now, use the legend and explain this symbol.

5. What is the meaning of this fine on the map? _••_••_••

______

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

RELATING TEXT INFORMATION TO A MAP Answer Sheet

1. a) West b) Rocky Mountains c) Howse Pass

2. Kootenae House

3. a) Fort Astoria b) Pacific Ocean

4. Drawing arrows following the Columbia River’s path.

5. Present USA – Canada Boundary

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

Interpreting Symbols ~ Questions

1. Use an atlas or another map to locate and label the following.

Pacific Ocean Rocky Mountains Vancouver Island Monashee Mountains 49th Parallel Purcell Mountain

2. Draw the symbols that are used in this map which show:

Mountains Fur Trading Post

Lakes Ice Fields

Howse Pass Rivers

Island Ocean

49th Parallel Cities

3. Name the cities: 1) ______

2) ______

3) ______

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

Name______

USING A MAP GRID TO DESCRIBE POSITION

1. The straight lines that cross or intersect on a map form a network of lines called a geographic grid. On page 10, find where grid G and grid 7 cross each other. The position is called G7. The fort in this square or grid is ______

2. The 2 places in E4 are ______

and ______

3. Use the map grid to describe the position of

a) Howse Pass ______

b) Arrowhead ______

c) New Denver ______

4. If you are a living in E4, are you closer to Howse Pass or Nakusp?

______

5. Sometimes a location may be in more than one grid area. For example, find Trout Lake. It is Located in grid E7 and F7. However, F7 best describes the position of Trout Lake because the lake is mostly located in this square.

Which grid best describes the position of Upper Arrow Lake?

______

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

USING A MAP GRID TO DESCRIBE POSITION Answer Sheet

1. The straight lines that cross or intersect on a map form a network of Lines called a geographic grid. On page 10, find where grid G and grid 7 cross each other. The position is called G7. The fort in this square or grid is Kootenae House

2. The 2 places in E4 are Trail and Waneta .

3. Use the map grid to describe the position of a) Howse Pass G8 b) Arrowhead D 7 c) New Denver F6

4. If you are living in E4, are you closer to Howse Pass or Nakusp? Nakus

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

Name______

KNOW THE FACTS

Test your knowledge by writing the answer that best fits each description. Use the Word Bank to help you.

Word Bank

th Fort Astoria 49 parallel fish and berries 1811 Salish and Kootenae people tributaries David Thompson North West Company source Zuckerberg Island mouth Columbia River Columbia River Basin Kootenae House Howse Pass

1 Mapped, explored and built fur trading post 2 In competition with an American fur-trading company 3 Starts in the Rocky Mountains and empties in Pacific Ocean 4 Built south of Windermere Lake

5 Made friends with and helped David Thompson 6 Another name for where a river empties into an ocean 7 The year David Thompson passed through Trail 8 Where the Kootenay River joins the Columbia River 9 Part of the border between Canada and the USA 10 Fur-trading post at the mouth of the Columbia River

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

11 A pass through the Rocky Mountians 12 Food the explorers ate

13 Beginning of a river

14 Rivers and creeks that flow into another river 15 Columbia, Kootenay, Pend d’Oreille and Canoe Rivers are part of this area

David Thomson Memorial at Castlegar Image courtesy BC Archives B-06256

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

KNOW THE FACTS ANSWER SHEET

1 Mapped, explored and built fur David Thompson trading post 2 In competition with an North West Company American fur-trading company 3 Starts in the Rocky Mountains Columbia River and empties in Pacific Ocean 4 Built south of Windermere Kootenae House Lake 5 Made friends with and helped Salish and Kootenae people David Thompson 6 Another name for where a Mouth river empties into an ocean 7 The year David Thompson 1811 passed through Trail 8 Where the Kootenay River Zuckerberg Island joins the Columbia River 9 Part of the border between 49th parallel Canada and the USA 10 Fur-trading post at the mouth Fort Astoria of the Columbia River 11 A pass through the Rocky Howse Pass Mountains 12 Food the explorers ate Fish and berries

13 Beginning of a river Source

14 Rivers and creeks that flow Tributaries into another river 15 Columbia, Kootenay, Pend Columbia River Basin d’Oreille and Canoe Rivers are part of this area

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

JOURNAL ENTRY

David Thompson Fur-trader, Explorer and Mapmaker

Image you are David Thompson and you are going on a five day journey exploring one area of the Columbia River and its tributaries. Mention what you are taking with you, clothing you will wear, equipment you will need, and food or things you will exchange with the Indians for furs. Remember to tell what time of year it is. How do the weather and the landforms affect you? (Where do you sleep? What do you eat?)

Describe the specific areas you explore and the directions you travel as you investigate various tributaries. Name the rives, creeks and lakes you explore and describe the interesting challenges you face.

Use the picture, maps, an atlas, and the information sheet about David Thompson to help you. Be sure your sequence of events makes sense. Some words you might use are:

Waterfalls Current North Rapids Mountains Tributary South Zuckerberg Trading post Terrain West Source Fort Shepherd Mouth East Border Kootenae House Pacific Howse Pass Pend d’Oreille

School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

Name______

JOURNAL ENTRY

______

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

JOURNAL WRITING Criteria

Criteria for Journal Writing

• Students wilt demonstrate an understanding of life during the days of David Thompson's explorations. • Students will be able to relate experiences to geographical areas. Events will appear in logical sequence.

Suggested Criteria - David Thompson Journal Criteria

Accuracy/authenticity of content

• Events are probable 5 4 3 2 1

• Knowledge from readings incorporated 5 4 3 2 1

Events are related to geographical area 5 4 3 2 1

Logical sequence of events 5 4 3 2 1

Total:______/20

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

NAME______

CRITERION-REFERENCED TEST DAVID THOMPSON AND THE COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN

Circle the best answer to each question.

1. The large mountain range separating the prairie provinces from British Columbia are called a. Columbia Mountains. b. Monashee Mountains. c. Rocky Mountains. d. Laurentian Mountains. e. none of the above.

2. The straight tines that cross or intersect to locate places on a map are called

a. legends. b. grids. c. symbols. d. rivers. e. none of the above.

3. When David Thompson traveled down the Columbia River from Boat Encampment to the Lower Arrow Lake, he traveled mainly in a ______direction.

a. north b. south c. east d. west e. none of the above

4. All maps need a ______to explain how to read them.

a. legend b. scale c. title d. symbol e. none of the above

5. What symbol is used to indicate a town?

a. lines b. dashes c. arrows d. legend e. none of the above

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

6. The set of mountains that surround our community is a. Rocky Mountains and the Purcell Mountains b. Purcell and Monashee Mountains c. Monashee and Selkirk Mountains d. Purcell and Selkirk Mountains e. none of the above

7. Where a river empties into the ocean is called the ______? a. source b. tributary c. rapids d. mouth e. none of the above

8. The city that is located where the Kootenay River joins the Columbia River is called ______? a. Trial b. Castlegar c. Rossland d. Thrums e. none of the above

You will need to use the map to answer the following questions.

9. If you life in F6, are you closer to Fort Shepard or Kootenae House? a. Fort Shepard b. Kootenae House

10. The location in F6 is ______? a. Aninsworth b. Duncan Lake c. Nakusp d. New Denver e. none of the above

11. A map of an area taken from an airplane is called a(n) ______map. a. projection map b. outline map c. contour map d. aerial map e. none of the above

12. Southeastern British Columbia is mostly a. Plateaus b. plains and lowlands c. mountains d. hills e. none of the above

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

CRITERION-REFERENCED TEST Answer Sheet

1. The large mountain range separating the prairie provinces from British Columbia are called c. Rocky Mountains

2. The straight tines that cross or intersect to locate places on a map are called b. grids.

3. When David Thompson traveled down the Columbia River from Boat Encampment to the Lower Arrow Lake, he traveled mainly in a ______direction. b. south 4. All maps need a ______to explain how to read them. a. legend

5. What symbol is used to indicate a town? e. none of the above 6. The set of mountains that surround our community is C. Monashee and Selkirk Mountains.

7. Where a river empties into the ocean is called the D. mouth 8. The city that is located where the Kootenay Columbia River is called B. Castlegar

You will need to use the map to answer the following questions.

9. If you rive in F6, are you closer to Fort Shepherd or Kootenae House? A. Fort Shepherd

10. The location in F6 is D. New Denver

11. A map of an area taken from an airplane is catted a(n)______map. D. aerial map

12. Southeastern British Columbia is mostly. C. mountains

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

SHOOT THE RAPIDS

2 to 6 players

Object

The object of this game is to travel and experience the challenges David Thompson faced as he explored the mighty Columbia River from its source at Columbia Lake to its mouth at Astoria. Can you arrive at the Pacific Ocean first?

Equipment

• game board • 1 dice • tokens • 1 set of Chance cards

Preparation for Teacher

Teacher will need to photocopy and cut out Chance cards.

Preparation for Players

Place the board on a table and place Chance cards face down on the board. Each player chooses one token to use as his/her travels along the board. Position the tokens at the starting point at the southern end of Columbia Lake.

Each player rolls the dice. The player with the highest number goes first. Roll again and move the required number of spaces. If you land on a Chance(?) space, take a Chance card and do whatever it says. The player to reach Astoria first is the winner.

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

Chance Chance

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

Disappointed to realize Sunny day. Was clothes that the river we are on and grind up pemmican. is not the Columbia but Miss a turn. is the Kootenay. Miss a turn.

Turn around and go Good weather. Move back three spaces. ahead two spaces. Icefields ahead.

Caught up in a eddy. Friendly Aboriginals Canoe spins around and help you with food breaks apart. Rebuild supply. Go ahead tow canoe. Go back to spaces. START.

Excellent fishing at Stop to draw map of Pend d’Oreille. Plenty Canoe River. Miss one of food. Go ahead two turn. spaces.

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

CHANCE CHANCE

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

American Fur Trading Rest at Fort Shepherd. Company locates Miss a turn. Astoria first. Miss one turn.

Trees across the river Difficulty finding food. and log jam ahead. Fur trading party Must portage. Go back starving. Eat one horse. three spaces. Go back one space.

First trading post, Winter set in early. Live Kootenae House with Salish. Go back to constructed. Rest. Miss START. one turn.

Find berries at Build fort at Boat Zuckerberg Island. Encampment. Advance Move on to next space. one space.

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

CHANCE CHANCE

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

Wolves ate food supply. Lose fur bundles when Go back two spaces canoe tips over. Miss one turn.

Sold furs for good price. Snowed in. Everything Move to the space on is frozen. Miss two the 49th parallel turns.

Unfriendly Aboriginals Sighted a new tributary. at Howse Pass. Go Go ahead one space. back two spaces.

Three members of the Food supply ran out. groups are lost. Wait. Lose a turn. Go back to START.

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

CHANCE CHANCE

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

Canoes need repair. Very cold weather. Miss a turn. Need to build a hut. Lose one turn.

Very humid day, Rapids ahead. Use them mosquitoes very thick! to your advantage. Go Hurry! Advance two ahead three spaces. spaces.

Free turn. First to gaze Very high mountain upon Arrow lakes. ahead. Rest. Miss one turn.

David Thompson’s Stumble down river bank children are sick. Miss and broke leg. Rest. one turn. Miss one turn.

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

CHANCE CHANCE

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

Snow is melting. Storm. Say prayers and Dangerous avalanches. write in diary. Miss one Go slowly. Miss a turn. turn.

Learn survival One of the horses broke technique from Indians. a leg. Go back to Go ahead one space. START.

Eagle feasting on The Aboriginals show us carcass. Chase bird where to find deer. away. Food. Shake Move one space forward. again.

Traded knives, axes, Wild animals are scarce. and fish hooks for No food. Boil up tree beaver pelts. Advance moss for dinner. tow spaces. Advance one space.

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

RESOURCES

Atkins, Benjamin R., Columbia River Chronicles, (Selkirk Library) (FCC 3845 K6 K69 V.1), 1997

Early Years Associates (Reg'd), (Twin Rivers Elementary Library)

Graham, Clara, Fur and Gold in the Kootenays, (Selkirk Library) (FC 3845 K6 G734), 1945

Graham, Clara, This Was the Kootenay, (Selkirk Library) (FC 3845 K6 G738), 1963

Macdonald, Donna, The Kootenay Journal, (Selkirk Library) (FC 3845 K6 K673 No. 1), 1988

McPherson, Barbara, Faces of the Past, (Selkirk Library) (FC3845 A8 F33 V. 1), 1989

Ranger, A., The Kootenays: Sketches, (Selkirk Library) (FC 3845 K6 A3), 1986

Scott, David, East Kootenay Chronicle, (Selkirk Library) (FC 3845 K6 S36), 1979

Scott, David, East Kootenay Saga, (Selkirk Library) (FC 3845 K6 S36), 1974

Smith, James, David Thompson, (The Canadians), (Trail Public Library), (J 910.92 THO), 1975

Turnbull, Elsie G., Ghost Towns and Drowned Towns of West Kootenay, (Selkirk Library), (FC 3845 K6 T87), 1988

Wood, Kerry, The Map-Maker, The Story of David Thompson, (Trait Public Library), (J910.92 THO), 1959

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School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 4 Unit

David Thompson Surveying the Columbia Valley (1807) Banks, Robert John (Artist) Image courtesy BC Archives – PDP00703

School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia)