ISSN 1809-127X (online edition) © 2011 Check List and Authors Chec List Open Access | Freely available at www.checklist.org.br Journal of species lists and distribution pecies S

of Vascular grassland of Tibagi River Spring, Ponta 2 3 ists L Grossa, 1* 4 Bianca Ott Andrade , Carina Kozera , Gustavo Ribas Curcio and Franklin Galvão

1 Universidade Federal do , Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Botânica. CEP 91501-970. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. 2 Universidade Federal do Paraná - campus Palotina. CEP 85950-000. Palotina, PR, Brasil. 3 Empresa Brasileira de [email protected] Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Florestas. CEP 83411-000. Colombo, PR, Brasil. 4 Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Ciências Florestais. CEP 80210-170. Curitiba, PR, Brasil. * Corresponding author. E-mail: Abstract:

A systematic survey was carried out on wet grasslands found over Histosols at Upper Tibagi River basin, between Ponta Grossa and Palmeira municipalities, in the state of Paraná, Brazil, place of high importance because of soil water retention capability and soil carbon pool composition. We provide a checklist containing 146 species, 96 genera and 42 families for the area. Families with higher species richness were (27 species; 21 genera), Poaceae (24; 16) and Cyperaceae (18; 6). Four species were classified as endangered or rare, and one as exotic. The specific richness in wet grassland environments at the state of Paraná underlines the need for conservation efforts encompassing these formations.

Introduction worked in grassland formations near our study area and

The most important Rivers of the state of Paraná – Brazil, compositionpresented a largeanalyses. species list, classified according to the have their springs located at high altitudes (540 to 1,680 m amount of water present in soils, although lacking any soil a.s.l., MINEROPAR 2006), where low temperatures (-7.8 to Sphagnum 2°C, Maack 1981) and high annualst rainfall (1,300 to 3,470 In these peat-bogs environments, an association mm/year, Maack st1981) and 2 usuallynd predominate, like Serra do between vascular plants and spp. (besides orMar, 2nd Escarpa Devoniana or 1 cuesta (geomorphologicalnd and 3rd other mosses) is observed, alongside the presence of shape between 1 Paraná plateau) and Serra Geral special conditions like chemical and physical soil features,et al. cuesta (geomorphological shape between 2 soil water storage and water table level that favour the Paraná plateau). st establishment of some species. According Costa Among these Rivers, the Tibagi presents various springs (2003), the floristic richness found in these areas is inserted Organossolosin the dip slopes of the 1et cuesta al (higher altitude), conditioned by relief and water table level. many of them under diffuse water flux in Histosols. The Histosols have a broad geographic distribution The (Santos . 2006), resembling along the cuestas of the state of Paraná, and have important Histosols by Soil Survey Staff (2006), are soils located in environmental functions such as carbon storage, reliefs that promote water saturation (Birkeland 1999), hydrologic regulation and potential nutrient-absorbing usually acid, with high cation exchange capacity (CEC), capacity. Furthermore, when vegetation is focused, these low nutrientet al availability (Breemenet 1995) al and low base soil types encompass a large and unique genetic diversity, saturation, with eventual average to high base saturation threatened by inadequate management that exhausts soil (Santos . 2006; Valladares . 2008) and large capability. Despite the importance of these environments, amounts of exchangeable aluminum. Pedogenesis in their floristic richness is scarcely known. The present these soils are related to a water table level near the soil work presents a checklist of herb and shrub species that surface, with no important changes along the year, under Materialsoccur in Histosols and Methods at Tibagi River Spring. anoxic conditions, which reduceset the al organic matter st cuesta mineralization, thus promoting the storage of carbon-rich organic matter complexes (Santos . 2006; Sá 2007) The study area is located in the dip slope of 1 and favouring pedogenetic processes. of state of Paraná (Escarpa Devoniana), inserted over Herb species predominate alonget areasal covered by Furnas sandstone, with elevation of 1,096 m a.s.l. The area hydric soils, into high reliefet al plateaus (wet et grasslands) al. comprises the region locally known as Campos Gerais, (Gates 1915;et Breemen al. 1995; Costa . 2003). Besides specially Tibagi River Spring (25°16’25” S, 49°49’29” W), the studies found in Costa . (2003), Cervi (2007) capital.between Ponta Grossa and Palmeira municipalities – PR studiesand Kozera of wet grasslands(2009), do little not informationencompass only is available organic (Figure 1), approximately 90 km from Curitiba, the state regarding areas with similar abiotic conditions.et al Floristic et al. The climate is Cfb (altitudinal sub-tropical humid) soils, but also mineral hydric soils. Costa . (2003) according to Köppen classification, withet meanal annual and Cervi (2007) studied the floristicet composition al. temperature between 20 and 22 °C (Cruz 2003), and of floodplains with different chemical and physical soil average yearly rainfall of 1,550 mm (Stipp . 2000). features, which affect vegetation. Kozera (2009) The area is inserted in a flat surface (a slightly Check List | Volume 7 | Issue 3 | 2011 257 Andrade et al. | Vascular grasslands of Tibagi River Spring, Brazil

Organossolos Háplicos et al concave relief), where Histosols or For species taxonomic classification, we followed Tryon predominate due to genetic processes such as and Tryon (1982) and Smith . (2006) for Pterydophyta accumulation of organic material, especially herb species and Angiosperm Phylogeny Group III (APG III 2009) for and bryophytes. In order to analyze floristic composition, angiosperms. We researched valid plant names in electronic we sampled 0.65 ha (115 x 57 m) from September 2008 to databases of World checklists (Kew 2008; especially for November 2009, in fortnightly field expeditions. The site is monocots), Missouri Botanical Garden website (MOBOT constantly grazed by sheep and cattle, a common situation 2008) and The International Plant Names Index website in most natural grasslands in southern Brazil. et al. (IPNI 2008). Citation of author names follows Brummit In each field expedition we collected botanical material and Powell (1992) and Pichi-Sermolli (1996). according to the method described in Filgueiras We evaluated the presence of extinction-threatened (1994). Surveys encompassed the same soil order, in species in the study area through revision of extinction- areas with hydric conditions ranging from a water table threatened species lists (Hatschbach and Ziller 1995; located near the surface (a usual condition within this soil IBAMA 1992 and MMA 2008). The presence of exotic order) to a water table rather distant from the surface, a plant species was evaluated through revision of a local condition promoted by gully erosion that have altered governmental list (IAPet al.2009). local hydrological regimes. The gully erosion is present The floristic similarity between these data, Kozera in one among the several geological faults in the area as (2008) and Costa (2003), were calculated using observed in Figure 1. Sorensen index. This analysis was carried out using We collected and preserved plant material from Resultssoftware andMULTIV Discussion beta (Pillar 2006). all species found within the study area, preferably with reproductive structures. Vouchers for each species were deposited at MBM Herbarium, and a We recorded 146 grassland taxa (132 angiosperms duplicate of each was sent to UPCB Herbarium. and 14 ferns) distributed in 42 families (Table 1). One Towards a better understanding of this environment, taxon was identified only at the family level, five at the we carried out a preliminary survey of moss species generic level. In order to achieve a better understanding present in the study area. Since a thorough survey Sphagnumof environment oxyphyllum conditions at the studySphagnum area, recurvum four moss encompassing mosses would probably result in higher species, were accountedPogonatum for apensylvannicum preliminary survey: ourspecies results. richness, we excluded the species we found from Polytrichum Warnst. commune and P. the presented checklist, although they are mentioned in Beauv (Sphagnaceae), (Hedw.) P. Beauv. and L. (Polytrichaceae). Families with the highest species number were Asteraceae, Poaceae and Cyperaceae. Theet al.same result was verified in other floristic and phytosociological surveys in Southern Brazil, both in hydric (Kozera 2009; Setubal and Boldrini 2010) and non-hydric soils (Buselato and Bueno 1981; Boldrini and Miotto 1987; Zocche and Porto 1992). Poaceae Andropogon plays a key leucostachyus role defining, Paspalum landscapes flaccidum along andthe studyLeptocoryphium area, due to lanatumthe abundance of cespitous species such as et al.. Cyperaceae is recognized as a characteristicCyperus family and of wetRhynchospora tropical environments (Goetghebeur 1998; Alves 2008), and was significantly represented Baccharis by crispa. . Asteraceae showed an important physiognomic value, especially due to the shrub et al. No Fabaceaeet al. species were found, probably due to the waterlogged condition. Similarly, Kozera 2009 and Costa 2003 found only one Fabaceae species in their surveys, both carried out in similar waterlogged conditions. On the other hand, in surveys carried out under well-drained mineralet al soils, Fabaceae was among the richest families (Boldrini and Miotto 1987; Boldrini and Eggers 1996; Boldrini . 1998; Setubal and Boldrini were2010). also many temperate species like Briza calotheca, DanthoniaWe observed montana dominance and Piptochaetium of tropical species, montevidense but there.

Figure 1. Herb species predominated along this evaluation, and most shrubs belong to Asteraceae,Myrsine Clusiaceae, cf. gardneriana Ericaceae, Map location of Tibagi River Spring (black dot) in the state of Melastomataceae, Scrophulariaceae and Solanaceae. Paraná and in Brazil, and Landsat 5TM image of study area. Check List | Volume 7 | Issue 3 | 2011 Also, we observed tree species ( 258 Andrade et al. | Vascular grasslands of Tibagi River Spring, Brazil and Rhamnus sphaerosperma Sw. Table 1. Continued. uncommon plant species in wet grasslands, according ), both configuring FAMILIES/SPECIES HABIT Blechnum schomburgkii to Tannus and Assis (2004), since the organic matter Campanulaceae accumulation under anoxic conditions is a limiting (Klotzsch) C. Chr. herb condition for the establishment of trees. The occurrence Lobelia exaltata of these species is probably related to the presence of gully Lobelia nummularioides Pohl herb erosion, which altered soil features, and can be interpreted Caryophyllaceae Cham. herb Table 1. as an indicative of poor environmental quality. Drymaria sp. Vascular grassland plants present at Tibagi River Spring, Ponta Clusiaceae Grossa, Brazil. FAMILIES/SPECIES HABIT herb Hypericum brasiliense Apiaceae Cyatheaceae Eryngium ebracteatum Choisy shrub Cyathea phalerata Mart. Eryngium horridum Malme L. herb Cyperaceae herb Eryngium subinerme herb Cyperus aggregatus Hydrocotyle leucocephala Mathias and Constance herb Cyperus haspan (Willd.) Endl. herb Asteraceae Cham. and Schltdl. herb Cyperus hermaphroditus Achyrocline alata L. herb Cyperus impolitus (Jacq.) Standl. herb Achyrocline satureioides (Kunth) DC. herb Cyperus incomtus Kunth herb Ageratum conyzoides (L.) DC. herb Cyperus reflexus Kunth herb Austroeupatorium laete-virens Sieber ex Steud. herb Eleocharis squamigera Vahl herb (Hook. and Arn.) R.M. King shrub Eleocharis nudipes andBaccharis H. Rob. ramboi Svenson herb Fimbristylis complanata Baccharis crispa G. Heiden and L. Macias shrub (Kunth) Palla herb Kyllinga odorata Baccharis megapotamica Spreng. shrub (Retz.) Link herb Kyllinga pumila Baccharis stenocephala Spreng. shrub Vahl herb Rhynchospora aff. corymbosa Barrosoa betoniciiformis Baker shrub Michx. herb Rhynchospora emaciata Bidens pilosa (DC.) R.M. King and H. Rob. shrub (L.) Britton herb Rhynchospora marisculus Campovassouria L. cruciata herb (Nees) Boeck. herb Rhynchospora globosa Erechtites valerianifolius (Vell.) R.M. King and H. Rob. shrub Lindl. ex Nees herb Rhynchospora aff.polyantha Gnaphalium purpureum (Wolf) DC. herb (Kunth) Roem. and Schult. herb Rhynchospora rigida Grazielia multifida L. herb Steud. herb Scleria hirtella hieracioides (DC.) R.M. King and H. Rob. herb (Kunth) Boeck. herb Dicksoniaceae Hypochaeris brasiliensis (D. Don) Cabrera herb Sw. herb Dicksonia sellowiana (Less.) Benth. and Hook. f. ex herb Griseb.Hypochaeris lutea Droseraceae Hook. herb Jungia floribunda Britton herb Drosera communis Leptostelma maximum Less. herb Dryopteridaceae A. St.-Hil. herb Mikania micrantha D. Don herb Deparia petersenii Pluchea oblongifolia Kunth herb Ericaceae (Kunze) M.Kato herb Senecio grossidens DC. herb Agarista chlorantha microglossa Dusén herb Gaylussacia pseudogaultheria (Cham.) G. Don shrub brasiliensis DC. herb Eriocaulaceae Cham. and Schltdl. shrub Trixis lessingii (L.) DC. herb Eriocaulon ligulatum Vernonanthura DC. westiniana herb Eriocaulon sellowianum L.B. Sm. herb Vernonia elegans (Less.) H. Rob. shrub Leiothrix flavescens Kunth herb Begoniaceae Gardner herb Paepalanthus caldensis (Bong.) Malme Ruhland herb Begonia fischeri Paepalanthus catharinae herb Blechnaceae Schrank herb Syngonanthus caulescens Ruhland herb Blechnum cordatum Euphorbiaceae (Poir.) Ruhland herb Blechnum polypodioides(Desv.) Hieron. herb Euphorbia elodes Raddi herb Boiss. herb

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Table 1. Continued. Table 1. Continued.

FAMILIES/SPECIES HABIT FAMILIES/SPECIES HABIT Gesneriaceae Andropogon macrothrix Trin.

Sinningia elatior Andropogon virgatus herb Gleicheniaceae (Kunth) Chautems herb Axonopus affinis Desv. ex Ham. herb Dicranopteris flexuosa Axonopus polystachyus Chase herb (Schrad.) Underw. herb Briza calotheca G.A. Black herb decumbens Calamagrostis sp. (Trin.) Hack. herb L. herb Danthonia montana herb Gelasine coerulea Hemarthria altissima Döll herb Sisyrinchium sp. (Vell.) Ravenna herb Leptocoryphium lanatum (Poir.) Stapf and C.E. Hubb. herb Sisyrinchium vaginatum herb Otachyrium versicolor (Kunth) Nees herb Juncaceae Spreng. herb Panicum sabulorum (Döll) Henrard herb Juncus cf. densiflorus Panicum schwackeanum L. herb Juncus cf. effusus Kunth herb Panicum surrectum Mez herb Juncus microcephalus L. herb Paspalum cordatum Chase ex Zuloaga and Morrone herb Juncus aff. tenuis H.B.K. herb Paspalum flaccidum Hack.Nees herb Lamiaceae Willd. herb Paspalum polyphyllum herb Piptochaetium montevidense Nees ex Trin. herb Rhabdocaulon lavanduloides Lamiaceae sp. herb Rhytachne rottboellioides (Spreng.) Parodi herb Hyptis fasciculata (Benth.) Epling herb Saccharum asperum Desv. ex Ham. herb Benth. herb Schizachyrium condensatum (Nees) Steud. herb tricolor Stipa sp. (Kunth) Nees herb Utricularia praelonga A. St.-Hil. herb herb St. Hil. and Girard herb Polygala longicaulis Nothoscordum bonariense Polygala tenuis Kunth herb Linaceae (Pers.) Beauverd herb Polypodiaceae DC. herb Linum littorale Pleopeltis hirsutissima Lycopodiaceae A. St.-Hil. herb Pteridaceae (Raddi) de la Sota herb Lycopodiella sp. Adiantopsis chlorophylla Mayacaceae herb Doryopteris lomariacea (Sw.) Fée herb Mayaca sp. Rhamnaceae (Kunze) Klotzsch herb Melastomataceae herb Rhamnus sphaerosperma Sw. tree Leandra eichleri Rosaceae Rhynchanthera brachyrhyncha Cogn. shrub Acaena eupatoria Tibouchina cerastifolia Cham. herb Rubiaceae Cham. and Schltdl. herb Tibouchina gracilis Cogn. herb Galium equisetoides Tibouchina ursina (Bonpl.) Cogn. herb Spermacoce cf. verticillata (Cham. and Schltdl.) Standl. herb Myrsinaceae Cogn. shrub Spermacoce sp. L. herb Myrsine cf. gardneriana tree Scrophulariaceae herb Orchidaceae A. DC. Buddleja elegans Cyanaeorchis arundinae Scoparia elliptica Cham. and Schltdl. shrub Habenaria parviflora (Rchb. f.) Barb. Rodr. herb Selaginellaceae Cham. herb Osmundaceae Lindl. herb Selaginella marginata Osmunda regalis Solanaceae (Humb. and Bonpl. ex Willd.) Spring herb Poaceae L. herb Solanum americanum Mill. Agrostis longiberbis Solanum pseudocapsicum herb Andropogon lateralis Nees Hack. ex L.B. Sm. herb Solanum reflexum L. shrub Andropogon leucostachyus herb Solanum sisymbrifolium Schrank herb Kunth herb L. herb

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Table 1. Continued. Acknowledgments:

FAMILIES/SPECIES HABIT The authors’ special thanks to all colleagues and friends, for helping us in the fieldwork. The first author expresses her Solanum viarum gratitude to Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) for scholarship. Thelypteridaceae Dunal shrub Literature Cited Thelypteris rivularioides

Xyridaceae (Fée) Abbiatti herb Alves,Rodriguésia M., A.C. Araújo, A.P. Prata, F. Vitta, S. Hefler, R. Trevisan, A.S.B. Gil, Xyris filifolia S. Martins and H. Thomas 2009. Diversity of Cyperaceae in Brazil. 60(4): 771-782. Xyris laxifolia A. Mart. Nilsson herb APGBotanical III. 2009. Journal An of update the Linnean of the Societ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for theSoils orders and and geomorphology families of flowering plants: APG III. Xyris neglecta herb y 161(2): 105-121. Birkeland, P.W. 1999. . New York: Oxford Xyris regnelli Nilsson Alb. Nilsson herb University Press. 430 p. Acta Botanica Brasilica Xyris stenophylla herb Boldrini, I.I. and L. Eggers. 1996. Vegetação campestre do Sul do Brasil: dinâmica de espécies à exclusão do gado. Alb. Nilsson herb 10(1): 37-50. Boldrini, I.I. and S.T.S.Acta Miotto. Botanica 1987. Brasilica Levantamento fitossociológico de um campo limpo da Estação Experimental Agronômica, UFRGS, Guaíba, Four species are present in the list of threatened RS – 1ª etapa. 1(1): 49-56. species of the state ofBaccharis Paraná (Hatschbach megapotamica and Ziller Boldrini, I.I., S.T.S. Miotto, H.M. Longhi-Wagner, V.D.Acta Pillar Botanica and K. BrasilicaMarzall. 1998. Aspectos florísticos e ecológicos da vegetação campestre do 1995) and alsoCyanaeorchis in the Brazilian arundinae Federal list of threatened morro da Polícia, PortoSphagnum Alegre, RS, Brasil. Tree species (MMA 2008): Paepalanthus catharinae Spreng. 12(1): 89-100. (Asteraceae), Dicksonia sellowiana (Rchb. f.) Barb. Breemen, N. 1995. How bogsAuthors down of other plant plants. names 10(7): 270-275. Rodr. (Orchidaceae), Ruhland Brummit, R.K. and C.E. Powell 1992. . Kew: The (Eriocaulaceae) and Hook. Royal Botanic Gardens. 732 p. (Dicksoniaceae). The first two were classified as rare Buselato,Iheringia T.C. andSérie O.L. Botanica Bueno 1981. Composição florística de dois campos localizados no município de Montenegro, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. and the last two as endangered. The first three species 26: 65-84. highlight the urgent need for conservation efforts Cervi, A.C., L. von Linsingen,Boletim G. Hatschbachdo Museu Botânico and O.S. Municipal Ribas. 2007. A presenceencompassing of Dicksonia similar sellowiana areas, associated, an uncommon to programs species that in vegetação do Parque Estadual de Vila Velha, Município2003. de Floristic Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brasil. 69: 1-52. promote good management of nearby protected areas. The Costa, C.S.B., B.E. Irgang, A.R. Peixoto and J.C. Marangoni.Acta Botanica Brasilica composition of the vegetation types of a fen on the southern Brazil wet grasslands, was probablyDeparia peterseniia result of soil water balance coastal plain in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. In17(2): 203-212. Patrimônio natural alterations promoted by gully erosion. The presence of Cruz,dos G.C.F. Campos 2003. Gerais Alguns do aspectosParaná do clima dos Campos Gerais; p. 59-72 the exotic species (Kunze) M. Kato M.S. Melo, R.S. Moro and G.B. Guimarães (ed.). (Dryopteridaceae), would suggest a potential impact on . Ponta Grossa: Ed. UEPG. Filgueiras, T.S., Caderno P.E. Nogueira, de Geociências A.L. Brochado and G.F. Guala. 1994. grasslandet al. habitats. et al. Caminhamento:Sphagnum um método expedito para levantamentosJournal of Ecology florísticos Floristic similarity between the present study and qualitativos. 12: 39-43. Kozera (2009) and Costa (2003) was respectively Gates, F.C. 1915. A bog in the tropics.In 3(1): 24-30. The families and genera of 32.3% and 5.2 %, whereas similarityet al. between these Goetghebeur,vascular plant.P. 1998. Flowering Cyperaceae; plants p. – 141-190. K. Kubitzki,. H. Huber, two studies was 10.8%. The higher similarity observed P. Rudall, P. Stevens and T. Stutzel (ed.). between this study and Kozera (2009) is probably Lista vermelha de plantasSpringer-Verlag, ameaçadas deBerlin. extinção no estado do Paraná due to the geographic location (second plateau of State Hatschbach, G.G. and S.R. Ziller 1995. of Paraná). The number ofet sampledal. species is probably Reconhece a Lista Oficial. Curitiba: de Espécies SEMA/GTZ. Exóticas 139 p. Invasoras (anotherCyperus factorvirens that leads C. to intricatus the differences observed IAP para - Instituto o Estado Ambiental do Paraná, do Paraná.estabelece Portaria normas n. de 125, controle de 07 e dedá agostooutras providênciasde 2009. among the studies: Kozera (2009) foundet 175 al. species http://www.institutohorus. Michx.Sphagnum and sp. was not Schrad considered ex. Schult in org.br/download/marcos_legais/Portaria_IAP_125_2009.. Diário Oficial do Estado do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, ago. were considered synonyms), whereas Costaet al. (2003) 2009. Electronic Database accessible at Captured found 47et al. species ( on 5 November 2009. Lista oficial the analysis). The study area of Costa (2003) and IBAMAde - espécies Instituto da Brasileiro flora brasileira do Meio ameaçadaAmbiente e de dos extinção Recursos. Naturais Kozera (2009) covered also hydric soils, but probably Renováveis. Portaria n°http://www.cetesb.sp.gov.br/licenciamentoo/ 37-N, de 3 de abril de 1992. legislacao/federal/portarias/1992_Port_IBAMA_37.pdf. Electronic under organic and inorganic soil. Therefore, these authors Database accessible at composition.sampled soils with different chemical and physical soil The international Captured plant names on features, which probably influenced the vegetation index5 October database 2009. http://www.ipni. IPNIorg/index.html - International Plant Names Index. . Electronic World Database checklist accessible of selected at plant families. Over the last years, grasslands in state of Paraná had . Captured on 01 Septemberhttp://apps.kew.org/wcsp/home. 2008. their original extension reduced with the substitution of Kewdo. - Royal Botanical Garden. Electronic Database accessible at natural vegetation by crops. Even in a small sampling area, Captured on 6 August 2008. Floresta we recorded an species-rich vegetation, so we consider Kozera, C., Y.S. Kuniyoshi, F. Galvão and G.R. Curcio. 2009. Composição these vegetation data useful for supporting the elaboration florística de Geografiauma Formação física doPioneira Estado com do Paraná Influência Fluvial. 39(2): 309-322. of public conservation policies concerning the remaining Maack, R. 1981. . : José natural areas and, moreover, efforts aiming the restoration Olympio; Curitiba: Secretaria da Cultura e do Esporte do Governo do of disturbed places. Estado do Paraná. 450 p.

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Atlas geomorfológico do estado do Paraná Taxon MINEROPAR - Minerais do Paraná S.A. 2006. Smith, A.R., K.M. Pryer, E.Keys Schuettpelz, to Soil H. Schneider. and P.G. Wolf 2006. A : Escala base 1:250.000 modelos reduzidos classification for extant ferns. 55(3): 705-731. 1:500.000. Curitiba: EditoraLista UFPR. oficial 63 das p. espécies da flora brasileira Soil andSurvey Y.N. Staff. Ferreira. 2006. 2000. MacrozoneamentoWashington: ambiental USDA. da 332 Bacia p. MMAameaçadas - Ministério de do extinção Meio . Ambiente. Instrução Normativa n° 6,http:// de 23 Stipp,Hidrográfica N.A.F., Mendonca, do rio Tibagi F.A., (PR) J. Oliveira, M.S. Carvalho,222p. M.V.F. Barros portal.saude.gov.br/portal/arquivos/pdf/instrucao6de setembro de 2008. .pdf Ferns and allied plants with special Electronic Database accessible at reference to Tropical America . Londrina: Eduel. Tropicos org. . Captured Tryon, R.M. and A.F. Tryon. 1982. on 16 Decemberhttp://www.tropicos.org. 2009. . New York: Springer-Verlag. 857 p. MOBOT - Missouri Botanical Gardens. Electronic Database Valladares, G.S.,Magistra M.G. Pereira, L.H.C. dos Anjos and A.G. Ebeling. 2008. accessible at Authors of scientific Captured names on in 01 Pteridophyta September. Caracterização de solos brasileiros com elevado teor de material 2008. orgânico. 20(1): 95-104. Pichi-Sermolli, R.E.G. Multiv: 1996. multivariate exploratory analysis, randomization Zocche, J.J. Acta and Botanica M.L. Porto Brasilica 1992. Florística e fitossociologia de campo testingKew: Royal and bootstrapBotanic Gardens. resampling 78 p.. natural sobre banco de carvão e áreas mineradas, Rio Grande do Sul, Pillar, V.D. 2006. In Brasil. 6(2): 47-84. PatrimônioPorto natural Alegre: dos UFRGS. Campos 51 p. Gerais do Sá, M.F.M.Paraná. 2007. Os solos dos Campos Gerais. M.S. Melo, R.S. Moro and G.B. Guimarães (ed.). Ponta Grossa: Editora UEPG. p. 73-83. Sistema brasileiro Santos,de classificação H.G., P.K.T. Jacomine, de solos L.H.C. Anjos, V.A. Oliveira, J.B. Oliveira, M.R. Coelho, J.F. Lumbreras and T.J.F. Cunha (ed.). 2006. Received: October 2010 . Rio de Janeiro: Embrapa Solos. 306 Brazilianp. Last Revised: February 2011 Setubal,Journal R.B. of andBiosciences I.I. Boldrini 2010. Floristic and characterization of Accepted: May 2011 grassland vegetation at a granitic hill in Southern Brazil. Published online: May 2011 8(1): 85-111. Editorial responsibility: Angelo Gilberto Manzatto

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