Kodiak Alutiiq Heritage Thematic Units Grades K-5
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NOTES on the BIRDS of CHIRIKOF ISLAND, ALASKA Jack J
NOTES ON THE BIRDS OF CHIRIKOF ISLAND, ALASKA JACK J. WITHROW, University of Alaska Museum, 907 Yukon Drive, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775; [email protected] ABSTRACT: Isolated in the western Gulf of Alaska 61 km from nearest land and 74 km southwest of the Kodiak archipelago, Chirikof Island has never seen a focused investigation of its avifauna. Annotated status and abundance for 89 species recorded during eight visits 2008–2014 presented here include eastern range extensions for three Beringian subspecies of the Pacific Wren (Troglodytes pacificus semidiensis), Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia sanaka), and Gray-crowned Rosy-Finch (Leucost- icte tephrocotis griseonucha). A paucity of breeding bird species is thought to be a result of the long history of the presence of introduced cattle and introduced foxes (Vulpes lagopus), both of which persist to this day. Unique among sizable islands in southwestern Alaska, Chirikof Island (55° 50′ N 155° 37′ W) has escaped focused investigations of its avifauna, owing to its geographic isolation, lack of an all-weather anchorage, and absence of major seabird colonies. In contrast, nearly every other sizable island or group of islands in this region has been visited by biologists, and they or their data have added to the published literature on birds: the Aleutian Is- lands (Gibson and Byrd 2007), the Kodiak archipelago (Friedmann 1935), the Shumagin Islands (Bailey 1978), the Semidi Islands (Hatch and Hatch 1983a), the Sandman Reefs (Bailey and Faust 1980), and other, smaller islands off the Alaska Peninsula (Murie 1959, Bailey and Faust 1981, 1984). With the exception of most of the Kodiak archipelago these islands form part of the Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge (AMNWR), and many of these publications are focused largely on seabirds. -
Bathymetry and Geomorphology of Shelikof Strait and the Western Gulf of Alaska
geosciences Article Bathymetry and Geomorphology of Shelikof Strait and the Western Gulf of Alaska Mark Zimmermann 1,* , Megan M. Prescott 2 and Peter J. Haeussler 3 1 National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Seattle, WA 98115, USA 2 Lynker Technologies, Under contract to Alaska Fisheries Science Center, Seattle, WA 98115, USA; [email protected] 3 U.S. Geological Survey, 4210 University Dr., Anchorage, AK 99058, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-206-526-4119 Received: 22 May 2019; Accepted: 19 September 2019; Published: 21 September 2019 Abstract: We defined the bathymetry of Shelikof Strait and the western Gulf of Alaska (WGOA) from the edges of the land masses down to about 7000 m deep in the Aleutian Trench. This map was produced by combining soundings from historical National Ocean Service (NOS) smooth sheets (2.7 million soundings); shallow multibeam and LIDAR (light detection and ranging) data sets from the NOS and others (subsampled to 2.6 million soundings); and deep multibeam (subsampled to 3.3 million soundings), single-beam, and underway files from fisheries research cruises (9.1 million soundings). These legacy smooth sheet data, some over a century old, were the best descriptor of much of the shallower and inshore areas, but they are superseded by the newer multibeam and LIDAR, where available. Much of the offshore area is only mapped by non-hydrographic single-beam and underway files. We combined these disparate data sets by proofing them against their source files, where possible, in an attempt to preserve seafloor features for research purposes. -
Federal Register/Vol. 82, No. 215/Wednesday
51860 Federal Register / Vol. 82, No. 215 / Wednesday, November 8, 2017 / Notices part 990, NEPA, the Consent Decree, the Administrative Record passcode is 9793554. Additional Final PDARP/PEIS, the Phase III ERP/ The documents comprising the information is available at www.doi.gov/ PEIS and the Phase V ERP/EA. Administrative Record for the Draft OST/ITARA. The Florida TIG is considering the Phase V.2 RP/SEA can be viewed FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. second phase of the Florida Coastal electronically at http://www.doi.gov/ Elizabeth Appel, Director, Office of Access Project in the Draft Phase V.2 deepwaterhorizon/administrativerecord. Regulatory Affairs & Collaborative Action, Office of the Assistant RP/SEA to address lost recreational Authority opportunities in Florida caused by the Secretary—Indian Affairs, at Deepwater Horizon oil spill. In the Draft The authority of this action is the Oil [email protected] or (202) 273– Phase V.2 RP/SEA, the Florida TIG Pollution Act of 1990 (33 U.S.C. 2701 et 4680. proposes one preferred alternative, the seq.) and its implementing Natural SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: OST was Salinas Park Addition, which involves Resource Damage Assessment established in the Department by the the acquisition and enhancement of a regulations found at 15 CFR part 990 American Indian Trust Fund 6.6-acre coastal parcel. The Florida and the National Environmental Policy Management Reform Act of 1994 (1994 Coastal Access Project was allocated Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.). Act), Public Law 103–412, when approximately $45.4 million in early Kevin D. -
Kenai, Tyonek, Seldovia, Kodiak City, Karluk, Old Harbor, Chignik)
OCS Study Social Indicators Study of MMS 82-0052 Alaskan Coastal villages IV. Postspill Key Informant Summaries Schedule C Communities, Part 2: (Kenai, Tyonek, Seldovia, Kodiak City, Karluk, Old Harbor, Chignik) U.S. Department of the Interior Minerals Management Service Alaska Outer Continental Shelf Region OCS Study MMS 92-0052 Technical Report No. 155 Contract No. 14-12-0001-30300 Social Indicators Study of Alaskan Coastal Villages LV. Postspill Key Informant Summaries Schedule C Communities, Part 2 (Kenai, Tyonek, Seldovia, Kodiak City, Karluk, Old Harbor, Chignik) Submitted to: U.S. Department of the Interior Minerals Management Service Alaska OCS Region Anchorage, Alaska Human Relations Area Files May 1993 This report has been reviewed by the Minerals Management Senrice and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and the policies of the Service, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute end'orsement or recommendation for use. Alaska OCS Environmental Studies Program Social Indicators Study of Alaskan Coastal Villages IV. Postspill Key Informant Summaries. Schedule C Communities, Part 2. Human Relations Area Files New Haven, Connecticut Prepared by Joanna Endter-Wada, Jon Hofmeister, Rachel Mason, Steven McNabb, Eric Morrison. Ste~hanieRevnolds. Edward Robbins. Lvnn Robbins. and Curtiss Takada Rooks. , . Joseph ~'or~imenwasathe principal investigator and manager. The authors appreciate the efforts of the Minerals Management Senrice technical editors in Anchorage who helped edit this report. May 1993 Table of Contents Tableofcontents ................................................... v Acronyms .......................................................... fi Glossary .......................................................... Gv VOLUME I included the following sections: Introduction Mixed Communities Valdez Effects of the &on Valdez Spill on Cordova Periphery Native Communities Tatitlek VOLUME I1 Map of Schedule C Communities ..................................... -
Population Assessment, Ecology and Trophic Relationships of Steller Sea Liorq in the Gulf of Alaska
Al'lNUAL REPORT Contract #03-5-022-69 Research Unit #243 1 April 1978 - 31 Marc~ 1979 Pages: Population Assessment, Ecology and Trophic Relationships of Steller Sea LiorQ in the Gulf of Alaska Principal Investigators: Donald Calkins, Marine Mammal Biologist Kenneth Pitcher, Marine ~~mmal Biologist Alaska Department of Fish and Game 333 Raspberry Road Anchorage, Alaska 99502 Assisted by: Karl Schneider Dennis McAllister Walt Cunningham Susan Stanford Dave Johnson Louise Smith Paul Smith Nancy Murray TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Introduction. • . i Steller Sea lions in the Gulf of Alaska (by Donald Calkins). 3 Breeding Rookeries and Hauling Areas . 3 I. Surveys • . 3 II. Pup counts. 4 Distribution and Movements . 10 Sea Otter Distribution and Abundance in the Southern Kodiak Archipelago and the Semidi Islands (by Karl Schneider). • • • • 24 Summary •••••• 24 Introduction • • • 25 Kodiak Archipelago 26 Background • • • • . 26 Methods•.•••. 27 Results and discussion • • • • • . 28 1. Distribution••• 30 2. Population size •••••. 39 3. Status. 40 4. Future. 41 Semidi Islands 43 Background • • 43 Methods ••••••••• 43 Results and discussion • 44 Belukha Whales in Lower Cook Inlet (by Nancy Murray) . • • • • • 47 Distribution and Abundance • 47 Habitat••..•••• 50 Population Dynamics •• 54 Food Habits•••••.••. 56 Behavior • . 58 Literature Cited. 59 Introduction This project is a detailed study of the population dynamics, life history and some aspects of the ecology of the Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus). In addition to the sea lion investigations, the work has been expanded to include an examination of the distribution and abundance of belukha whales (Detphinapterus Zeu~dS) in Cook Inlet and the distribution and abundance of sea otters (Enhydra lutris) near the south end of the Kodiak Archipelago. -
Stacy Studebaker P.O
Stacy Studebaker P.O. Box 970 Kodiak, AK 99615 (907) 486-6498 email: [email protected] PROFILE A highly creative, energetic individual, dedicated environmental educator and conservationist who thrives on wild places and natural history. Kodiak, Alaska has been Stacy’s home since 1980. She was born in La Jolla California in 1947 and grew up in Bronxville, New York and Woodside, California. After getting her Bachelor’s Degree, she worked in Yosemite National Park, Glacier Bay National Park, and Katmai National Park. She returned to college in 1977 and earned a Master’s in Science Teaching degree before moving to Kodiak Alaska where she taught high school biology until she retired in 2000. She has lived in Alaska for the last 35 years. EXPERIENCE Coordinator, Kodiak Gray Whale Project 2000-2010 In 2000, Stacy found a dead gray whale on a Kodiak beach and over a period of 8 years rallied 150 community members and partnered with the U.S. Fish and Wild- life Service to treat the bones and reconstruct the skeleton for a permanent display at the Kodiak National Wildlife Refuge Visitor Center. She received a grant from the Alaska Conservation Foundation in 2005 to finance the project and formed her own nonprofit organization that continues to support ongoing educational and art projects that further the awareness of conservation issues surrounding Gray Whales and the marine environment. Field Botanist, Kodiak National Wildlife Refuge 2005-2010 Stacy has been studying and documenting coastal Alaskan botany since 1973. Since 2005, she has conducted botanical inventory and plant community research in the Kodiak National Wildlife Refuge. -
Aleuts: an Outline of the Ethnic History
i Aleuts: An Outline of the Ethnic History Roza G. Lyapunova Translated by Richard L. Bland ii As the nation’s principal conservation agency, the Department of the Interior has re- sponsibility for most of our nationally owned public lands and natural and cultural resources. This includes fostering the wisest use of our land and water resources, protecting our fish and wildlife, preserving the environmental and cultural values of our national parks and historical places, and providing for enjoyment of life through outdoor recreation. The Shared Beringian Heritage Program at the National Park Service is an international program that rec- ognizes and celebrates the natural resources and cultural heritage shared by the United States and Russia on both sides of the Bering Strait. The program seeks local, national, and international participation in the preservation and understanding of natural resources and protected lands and works to sustain and protect the cultural traditions and subsistence lifestyle of the Native peoples of the Beringia region. Aleuts: An Outline of the Ethnic History Author: Roza G. Lyapunova English translation by Richard L. Bland 2017 ISBN-13: 978-0-9965837-1-8 This book’s publication and translations were funded by the National Park Service, Shared Beringian Heritage Program. The book is provided without charge by the National Park Service. To order additional copies, please contact the Shared Beringian Heritage Program ([email protected]). National Park Service Shared Beringian Heritage Program © The Russian text of Aleuts: An Outline of the Ethnic History by Roza G. Lyapunova (Leningrad: Izdatel’stvo “Nauka” leningradskoe otdelenie, 1987), was translated into English by Richard L. -
A. F. Kashevarov, the Russian -American Company and Alaska
A. F. KASHEVAROV, THE RUSSIAN-AMERICAN COMPANY, AND ALASKA CONSERVATION Ryan Tucker Jones Idaho State University, 935 W. Clark St., Pocatello, ID 83204; [email protected] ABSTRACT As Russia debated selling Alaska in the 1860s, A. F. Kashevarov, an Alaska Creole, published his thoughts about reforming the Russian-American Company (RAC). In several articles for the Russian naval journal Morskoi Sbornik, he described the RAC’s hunting policies and conservation measures. Kashevarov’s articles represent some of the few sources providing information on Russian-era tradi- tional ecological knowledge (TEK), even if his depth of knowledge concerning Aleut (Unangan) and Alutiiq environmental practices and conceptions is uncertain. Despite company claims of conserva- tion successes, in Kashevarov’s view the RAC had misunderstood the Alaska environment and mis- managed its fur resources. Claiming that marine mammals behaved unpredictably and were entwined in a complex ecology, Kashevarov insisted that company attempts to create zapusks (closed seasons) did not work. Instead, he proposed that only Alaska Natives understood the animals well enough to manage them and thus should be ceded control over Alaska’s environment. Though these radical claims were met with company derision, Kashevarov’s pleas for ecological sophistication and ecologi- cal justice provide some glimpse into the desires of Alaska Natives shortly before the colony’s demise. INTRODUCTION In the 1860s, as the Russian empire debated selling Alaska see Dmytryshyn et al. 1989:518–524), shed valuable light to the United States, some new, unexpected voices arose to on Alaska’s environmental history, the RAC’s conserva- challenge Russian-American Company (RAC) adminis- tion policies, and the history of Alaska Natives and hint trators and imperial officials and put forth their own plans at alternate paths not taken but that still seemed possi- for the colony. -
Aleutian World War II National Historic Area 2012 Calendar
AleutiAnAleutiAn World World WAr WAr ii ii nAtionAlnAtionAl Historic Historic AreA AreA 2012 calendar uring World War II the remote Aleutian Islands, home to the Unanga^x Alaska Affiliated Areas � (Aleut people) for over 8,000 years, became one of the fiercely contested 240 West 5th Ave � battlegrounds of the Pacific. This thousand- mile- long archipelago saw the first Anchorage, Alaska 99501 � invasion of American soil since the War of 1812, a mass internment of American (907) 644-3503 civilians, a 15- month air war, and one of the deadliest battles in the Pacific Theatre. Ounalashka Corporation This Page: “High above, over a true D P.O. Box 149 � ‘home of the brave,’ the floating folds of In 1996 Congress designated the Aleutian World War II National Historic Unalaska, Alaska 99685 � the Star Spangled Banner symbolize the American way of life to soldiers in training Area to interpret, educate, and inspire present and future generations about for the battles that will bring freedom to the history of the Unangan and the Aleutian Islands in the defense of the Visitor Information (907) 581-1276 an unhappy, wartorn world, Fort Knox, United States in World War II. In a unique arrangement, the Aleutian World Visitor Center (907) 581-9944 Kentucky.” June 1942. Library of Congress, War II National Historic Area and visitor center are owned and managed by LC-USW36-4. the Ounalashka Corporation (the village corporation for Unalaska) and the National Park Service provides them with technical assistance. Through this Front Cover: “Crash Landing” (P-38, Adak Below: Commander Innis entering Aerology cooperative partnership, the Unangax are the keepers of their history and Island) by Ogden Pleissner. -
The Fur Trade
Meeting of Frontiers Alaska Teaching Unit: The Alaskan Fur Trade Roger Pearson Alaska Geographic Alliance Institute of the North Anchorage, AK Overview: The eastward expansion of the Russian empire into Siberia and America was integrally linked to the fur trade. By the mid-1600’s the Siberian fur trade accounted for approximately 10 percent of Russia’s total revenue. Exploitation of resources, not sustained yield, dominated resource extraction. Consequently, new areas and new resources were constantly needed. Russian America and the sea otter became the easternmost great fur resource frontier for Imperial Russia. This unit utilizes comparative tables, statistical data, maps, original documents, and images to allow students to develop their own impressions of the Russian American fur trade and its impact on the people and landscape. Standards: Geography Standards: Geography 1. Students will use maps and other geographic representations, tools, and technologies to acquire, process, and report information from a spatial perspective. Geography 17. Students will apply geography to interpret the past. Geographic Skills: • Asking geographic Questions • Acquiring geographic information • Organizing geographic information • Analyzing geographic information • Answering geographic questions Historical Thinking Standards: 2. Historical Comprehension: F. Utilize visual and mathematical data presented in charts, tables, pie and bar graphs, flow charts, Venn diagrams, and other graphic organizers. 4. Historical Analysis and Interpretation: C. Interrogate -
J. W. Vanstone
AN EARLY ACCOUNT OF THE~RUSSIAN DISCOVERIES ,IN THE NORTH PACIFIC TRANSLATED AND EDITED By JAMES W. VANSTONE INTRODUCTION Although the remnants of Bering's second expedition returned to Kamchatka during the summer of 1742, it was not until 1758 that the first connected narrative of this and other Russian discoveries in the northern Pacific was made available to readers in western Europe. In that year, George Frederich Muller, Professor of History in the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences and member of Bering's expedition iIi Siberia, published an account based on records in the government files at Irkutsk and J akutsk, together with documents collected after his return to Russia. This work, written in German and translated into English (Muller, 1761) and French, is the standard narrative of what Masterson and Brower (1948, pp. 3-4) have referred to as the first chapter in the history of Alaska which ended with the return of Bering's expedition.! In 1774, Jacob Stahlin von Storcksburg, also of the St. Petersburg Academy -of Sciences, published an account of the post-Bering discov eries that was translated into English the same year (Stahlin, 1774). This work contains vague and confused references to the expedition of Lieutenant "Syndo" and a very inaccurate description of Kodiak Island and certain islands in the Aleutian chain.Resale There is nothing in the tex t to suggest that any of the islands were discovered before 1765. This work is accompanied by a map which is equally confused and inaccurate. The numerous deficiencies forin Stahlin were at least partly respon sible for the publication, in 177.6, of Neue Nachrichten von denen neuen,tdekten Insuln in der See zwischen Asien und Amerika, aus, mitgetheiLten Urkunden urud A uszugen verfasset von J.L.S. -
3. Kodiak Bear Habitat
3. Kodiak Bear Habitat Synopsis: Kodiak bears live throughout most of the Kodiak archipelago and use virtually all available habitats from the coast to alpine regions. The archipelago is considered high-quality bear habitat, containing ample food, water, cover, and space. While vegetation is a substantial part of the bears’ diet, salmon is the most important source of protein for most Kodiak bears. Currently, the human population and related human development have minimal impacts on bear habitat. Potential threats include seasonal human use of inland and coastal areas, future developments (e.g., road and energy development) and related problems (e.g., oil spills), and natural occurrences (e.g., reduction in salmon stocks). Bear habitat and bear-human relationship are intimately intertwined; if people are not willing to make an effort to live around bears, large expanses of wilderness areas are necessary for sustainable bear populations. With this information in mind, the Citizens Advisory Committee(CAC) makes a number of recommendations to protect bear habitat on the archipelago. These recommendations cover the following subject areas: land use, acquisition, and planning; activities on Afognak Island; minimizing habitat degradation; road building in bear habitat; motorized access; bear-use areas; human activities in bear habitat; introduced species; and salmon as a part of bear habitat. 3.1 Habitat Requirements Kodiak bears live throughout the archipelago, except on Chirikof and the Trinity islands, and use virtually all available habitats from the coast to alpine regions. An estimated 2,980 bears live within the 4,757-square–mile area, and bear densities vary by area and by season.