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Multidecadal Climate Variability and the Florescence of Fremont Societies in 2 Eastern Utah
ARTICLE 1 Multidecadal Climate Variability and the Florescence of Fremont Societies in 2 Eastern Utah 3 Judson Byrd Finley , Erick Robinson, R. Justin DeRose, and Elizabeth Hora 4 Fremont societies of the Uinta Basin incorporated domesticates into a foraging lifeway over a 1,000-year period from AD 300 to 5 AD 1300. Fremont research provides a unique opportunity to critically examine the social and ecological processes behind the 6 adoption and abandonment of domesticates by hunter-gatherers. We develop and integrate a 2,115-year precipitation recon- 7 struction with a Bayesian chronological model for the growth of Fremont societies in the Cub Creek reach of Dinosaur National 8 Monument. Comparison of the archaeological chronology with the precipitation record suggests that the florescence of Fremont 9 societies was an adaptation to multidecadal precipitation variability with an approximately 30-plus-year periodicity over most, 10 but not all, of the last 2,115 years. Fremont societies adopted domesticates to enhance their resilience to periodic droughts. We 11 propose that reduced precipitation variability from AD 750 to AD 1050, superimposed over consistent mean precipitation avail- 12 ability, was the tipping point that increased maize production, initiated agricultural intensification, and resulted in increased 13 population and development of pithouse communities. Our study develops a multidecadal/multigenerational model within 14 which to evaluate the strategies underwriting the adoption of domesticates by foragers, the formation of Fremont communities, 15 and the inherent vulnerabilities to resource intensification that implicate the eventual dissolution of those communities. 16 Keywords: Fremont, Uinta Basin, Bayesian modeling, precipitation reconstruction 17 Las sociedades de Fremont de la cuenca de Uinta incorporaron a los domesticados en una forma de vida de alimentación dur- 18 ante un período de 1,000 años desde 300–1300 dC. -
New Mexico New Mexico
NEW MEXICO NEWand MEXICO the PIMERIA ALTA THE COLONIAL PERIOD IN THE AMERICAN SOUTHWEst edited by John G. Douglass and William M. Graves NEW MEXICO AND THE PIMERÍA ALTA NEWand MEXICO thePI MERÍA ALTA THE COLONIAL PERIOD IN THE AMERICAN SOUTHWEst edited by John G. Douglass and William M. Graves UNIVERSITY PRESS OF COLORADO Boulder © 2017 by University Press of Colorado Published by University Press of Colorado 5589 Arapahoe Avenue, Suite 206C Boulder, Colorado 80303 All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America The University Press of Colorado is a proud member of Association of American University Presses. The University Press of Colorado is a cooperative publishing enterprise supported, in part, by Adams State University, Colorado State University, Fort Lewis College, Metropolitan State University of Denver, Regis University, University of Colorado, University of Northern Colorado, Utah State University, and Western State Colorado University. ∞ This paper meets the requirements of the ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper). ISBN: 978-1-60732-573-4 (cloth) ISBN: 978-1-60732-574-1 (ebook) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Douglass, John G., 1968– editor. | Graves, William M., editor. Title: New Mexico and the Pimería Alta : the colonial period in the American Southwest / edited by John G. Douglass and William M. Graves. Description: Boulder : University Press of Colorado, [2017] | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2016044391| ISBN 9781607325734 (cloth) | ISBN 9781607325741 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Spaniards—Pimería Alta (Mexico and Ariz.)—History. | Spaniards—Southwest, New—History. | Indians of North America—First contact with Europeans—Pimería Alta (Mexico and Ariz.)—History. -
Of Physalis Longifolia in the U.S
The Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology of Wild Tomatillos, Physalis longifolia Nutt., and Related Physalis Species: A Review1 ,2 3 2 2 KELLY KINDSCHER* ,QUINN LONG ,STEVE CORBETT ,KIRSTEN BOSNAK , 2 4 5 HILLARY LORING ,MARK COHEN , AND BARBARA N. TIMMERMANN 2Kansas Biological Survey, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA 3Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO, USA 4Department of Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA 5Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA *Corresponding author; e-mail: [email protected] The Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology of Wild Tomatillos, Physalis longifolia Nutt., and Related Physalis Species: A Review. The wild tomatillo, Physalis longifolia Nutt., and related species have been important wild-harvested foods and medicinal plants. This paper reviews their traditional use as food and medicine; it also discusses taxonomic difficulties and provides information on recent medicinal chemistry discoveries within this and related species. Subtle morphological differences recognized by taxonomists to distinguish this species from closely related taxa can be confusing to botanists and ethnobotanists, and many of these differences are not considered to be important by indigenous people. Therefore, the food and medicinal uses reported here include information for P. longifolia, as well as uses for several related taxa found north of Mexico. The importance of wild Physalis species as food is reported by many tribes, and its long history of use is evidenced by frequent discovery in archaeological sites. These plants may have been cultivated, or “tended,” by Pueblo farmers and other tribes. The importance of this plant as medicine is made evident through its historical ethnobotanical use, information in recent literature on Physalis species pharmacology, and our Native Medicinal Plant Research Program’s recent discovery of 14 new natural products, some of which have potent anti-cancer activity. -
People of Snowy Mountain, People of the River: a Multi-Agency Ethnographic Overview and Compendium Relating to Tribes Associated with Clark County, Nevada
Portland State University PDXScholar Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations Anthropology 2012 People of Snowy Mountain, People of the River: A Multi-Agency Ethnographic Overview and Compendium Relating to Tribes Associated with Clark County, Nevada Douglas Deur Portland State University, [email protected] Deborah Confer University of Washington Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/anth_fac Part of the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons, and the Sustainability Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Citation Details Deur, Douglas and Confer, Deborah, "People of Snowy Mountain, People of the River: A Multi-Agency Ethnographic Overview and Compendium Relating to Tribes Associated with Clark County, Nevada" (2012). Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations. 98. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/anth_fac/98 This Report is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. Pacific West Region: Social Science Series National Park Service Publication Number 2012-01 U.S. Department of the Interior PEOPLE OF SNOWY MOUNTAIN, PEOPLE OF THE RIVER: A MULTI-AGENCY ETHNOGRAPHIC OVERVIEW AND COMPENDIUM RELATING TO TRIBES ASSOCIATED WITH CLARK COUNTY, NEVADA 2012 Douglas Deur, Ph.D. and Deborah Confer LAKE MEAD AND BLACK CANYON Doc Searls Photo, Courtesy Wikimedia Commons -
Dinosaur Colorado/Utah
National Monument Dinosaur Colorado/Utah Rock Art As you travel around the Colorado Plateau, you have a great opportunity to discover and leam about the ancient cultures of the region. In the Dinosaur National Monument area, you will find evidence of a group of Native Americans we call the Fremont people, who lived here about 1,000 years ago. The Fremont were not the only early dwellers here; archaeological evidence indicates human occupancy as far back as 8,000 years ago. However, it was the Fremont who left the most visible reminders of their presence, in the form of their rock art. Fremont rock art includes both pictographs (designs created by applying pigment to the rock surface) and petroglyphs (designs chipped or carved into the rock). Pictographs are relatively rare here, perhaps because they are more easily weathered. Most of the rock art in the monument is in the form of petroglyphs, usually found on smooth sandstone cliffs darkened by desert varnish (a naturally-formed stain of iron and manganese oxides). The style and content of Fremont rock art vary throughout the region. In the Uinta Basin, in which most of Dinosaur National Monument lies, the "Classic Vernal Style" predominates. It is characterized by well-executed anthropomorphs (human-like figures), zoomorphs (animal-like figures), and abstract designs. The anthropomorphs typically have trapezoidal bodies, which may or may not include arms, legs, fingers, and toes. They are often elaborately decorated with designs suggesting headdresses, earrings, and necklaces, and they may hold shields or other objects. The zoomorphs include recognizable bighorn sheep, birds, snakes, and lizards, as well as more abstract animal-like shapes. -
Courtney D. Lakevold
Space and Social Structure in the A.D. 13th Century Occupation of Promontory Cave 1, Utah by Courtney D. Lakevold A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Department of Anthropology University of Alberta © Courtney D. Lakevold, 2017 ABSTRACT Promontory Cave 1, located on the north shore of Great Salt Lake in northern Utah, has yielded many extraordinary archaeological artifacts that are amazingly well-preserved. Promontory phase deposits in Cave 1 are extremely thick, and rich with perishables and other material culture. Bison bones, fur, leather and hide processing artifacts have been recovered at the site, in addition to gaming pieces, basketry, pottery, juniper bark for bedding, knife handles, ceramics and moccasins. A large central hearth area, pictograph panels, pathways and entrance and exit routes have also been identified. Bayesian modeling from AMS dates indicates a high probability that the cave was occupied for one or two human generations over a 20-50 year interval (A.D. 1240-1290). Excavations have taken place at the cave from 2011-2014 by an interdisciplinary research team with members from the University of Alberta (Institute of Prairie Archaeology), the Natural History Museum of Utah (NHMU), Oxford, the Desert Research Institute and Brigham Young University. The extraordinary preservation and narrow time frame (A.D. 1240-1290) for the occupation of Promontory Cave 1 on Great Salt Lake allow for unusual insights into the demography of its Promontory Culture inhabitants. This thesis looks at the cave as a humanly inhabited space and examines what the Promontory Culture group may have looked like in terms of population size and group composition, and how they used or organized space in the cave. -
THE SMOKING COMPLEX in the PREHISTORIC SOUTHWEST By
The smoking complex in the prehistoric Southwest Item Type text; Thesis-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Simmons, Ellin A. Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 30/09/2021 00:29:48 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/552017 THE SMOKING COMPLEX IN THE PREHISTORIC SOUTHWEST by Ellin A* Simmons A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 1 9 6 8 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This thesis has been submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for an advanced degree at The University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library• Brief quotations from this thesis are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the head of the major department or the Dean of the Graduate College when in his judgment the proposed use of the material is in the interests of scholarship. In all other instances, however, permission must be obtained from the author. SIGNED: /// A- APPROVAL BY THESIS DIRECTOR This thesis has been approved on the date shown below: ^ 7 ' T. -
Monitoring and Discovery Plan
A CULTURAL RESOURCES MONITORING AND DISCOVERY PLAN FOR MAINTENANCE AND MINOR CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES AT EXISTING WESTERN AREA POWER ADMINISTRATION–DESERT SOUTHWEST REGION TRANSMISSION LINES, FACILITIES, AND PROPERTIES IN ARIZONA Prepared for: Western Area Power Administration Desert Southwest Region 615 S. 43rd Avenue Phoenix, Arizona 85005 Prepared by: Christopher E. Rayle, MA, RPA Cara Lonardo Environmental Planning Group, LLC 4141 N. 32nd Street, Suite 102 Phoenix, Arizona 85018 EPG Cultural Resource Service Technical Paper No. 2013-11 August 2014 This page intentionally left blank. TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... iii Introduction ...................................................................................................................................1 Culture History of Arizona ...........................................................................................................5 Anticipated Resource Types .........................................................................................................6 Research Design............................................................................................................................7 Research Theme 1: Chronology...........................................................................................7 Research Theme 2: Social Organization and Interaction .....................................................8 Research Theme -
Early Rock Art on the San Juan River by Joe Pachak
Early Rock Art on the San Juan River By Joe Pachak Along the San Juan River cliffs near Bluff, Utah, there are several very old rock art panels rendered in a style known as "Glen Canyon Style 5" (Turner 1963; Cole 1990:62ff) or "Glen Canyon Linear" (Schaafsma 1980:19). Although this rock art style is poorly dated, most archaeologists and art historians agree that it is the oldest of the common styles in the lower San Juan country, and that it was produced either by the earliest of the Basketmaker Anasazi or their Archaic predecessors (See discussions in Schaafsma 1980 and Cole 1990, but note that the beginning dates for Basketmaker culture have been pushed significantly back in time since these discussions were written). This article discusses the Glen Canyon Linear rock art style and its age, then presents detailed drawings with accompanying discussion of several Glen Canyon Linear Style panels from the Upper Sand Island locality near Bluff (Site 42Sa3589, Cole 1987). Based on superimposition and relative differences in desert varnish patination, Glen Canyon Linear clearly predates the style known as "San Juan anthropomorphic", which is associated with classic Basketmaker culture (Schaafsma 1980:109-119; Cole 1990:109-130). Since the Basketmaker culture is now known to have appeared at least as early as 1000 B.C. (Smiley 1993) and it persisted in some form until around 750 A.D., we can hazard a guess that the Glen Canyon Linear style was produced sometime before about 0 B.C./A.D. Unfortunately, there is no information yet available on which to base even a guess as to the style's beginning date. -
Social Identity in the Northern San Juan (24-3)
ARCHAEOLOGY SOUTHWEST CONTINUE ON TO THE NEXT PAGE FOR YOUR magazineFREE PDF (formerly the Center for Desert Archaeology) is a private 501 (c) (3) nonprofit organization that explores and protects the places of our past across the American Southwest and Mexican Northwest. We have developed an integrated, conservation- based approach known as Preservation Archaeology. Although Preservation Archaeology begins with the active protection of archaeological sites, it doesn’t end there. We utilize holistic, low-impact investigation methods in order to pursue big-picture questions about what life was like long ago. As a part of our mission to help foster advocacy and appreciation for the special places of our past, we share our discoveries with the public. This free back issue of Archaeology Southwest Magazine is one of many ways we connect people with the Southwest’s rich past. Enjoy! Not yet a member? Join today! Membership to Archaeology Southwest includes: » A Subscription to our esteemed, quarterly Archaeology Southwest Magazine » Updates from This Month at Archaeology Southwest, our monthly e-newsletter » 25% off purchases of in-print, in-stock publications through our bookstore » Discounted registration fees for Hands-On Archaeology classes and workshops » Free pdf downloads of Archaeology Southwest Magazine, including our current and most recent issues » Access to our on-site research library » Invitations to our annual members’ meeting, as well as other special events and lectures Join us at archaeologysouthwest.org/how-to-help In the meantime, stay informed at our regularly updated Facebook page! 300 N Ash Alley, Tucson AZ, 85701 • (520) 882-6946 • [email protected] • www.archaeologysouthwest.org TM Archaeology Southwest Volume 24, Number 3 Center for Desert Archaeology Summer 2010 Social Identity in the Northern San Juan Paul Reed, Center for Desert Archaeology HE STUDY OF SOCIAL IDENTITY has emerged residents of the area were practicing an Archaic hunt- as an important issue in Southwestern archaeo- ing-and-gathering lifestyle. -
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NEWSLETTER OF THE COLORADO ROCK ART ASSOCIATION (CRAA) A Chapter of the Colorado Archaeological Society http://www.coloradorockart.org September 2016 Volume 7, Issue 7 As Colorado Rock Art Association members you are also Inside This Issue members of the Colorado Archaeological Society. The Colorado Archaeological Society is having its annual Field Trips …………..….… page 2 meeting October 7-10 in Grand Junction. There will be many field trips, including many that include rock art. In addition, there will be lectures aimed at the avocational Feature Article: The audience. CRAA is sponsoring noted rock art specialist Mu:kwitsi/Hopi (Fremont) Sally Cole. In addition, the Keynote speaker is Steve Lekson who will talk about Chaco Canyon. Steve Lekson is abandonment and Numic a noted Southwest Archaeologist. He is a professor at Immigrants into Nine Mile Colorado University and a curator at the University of Canyon as depicted in the Colorado Museum of Natural History. He has written several books including Chaco Meridian: One Thousand rock art. Years of Political Power in the Ancient Southwest (second ………………………………….…..page 4 edition)(2015) and A History of the Ancient Southwest (2009). Please consider signing up for the annual meeting. Information on how to do sign up is in this issue. Sign up for CAS Annual meeting and other conferences This month’s feature article is part 2 of The Mu:kwitsi/Hopi …………………………….…..…. page 3 (Fremont) abandonment and Numic Immigrants into Nine Mile Canyon as depicted in the rock art, written by CRAA member Carol Patterson. PAAC Fall Classes The new Assistant State Archaeologist Chris Johnston has …………………………………page 12 announced PAAC Classes for this fall around the state. -
Basketmaker II Period (AD 200–500)
46 PARK SCIENCE • VOLUME 26 • NUMBER 1 • SPRING 2009 Musical instruments in the pre-Hispanic COURTESY OF EMILY BROWN Southwest Figure 1. One of more than 1,250 musical objects studied, this decorated gourd rattle from Canyon de Chelly National Monument (Arizona) is 5.3 inches (13.5 cm) in diameter. Collection of the Western Archeology and Conservation Center, Tucson, Arizona, Catalog No. CACH 811. By Emily Brown TUDYING THE MUSIC OF PAST ERAS is challenging, have been introduced through trade with nomadic Plains groups even when written manuscripts are available. In archaeo- or native Mexicans traveling with Spanish groups. Though some Slogical contexts without written records, it becomes yet rock art images suggest fl utes were present in the Archaic period, more diffi cult. However, a surprising amount can be learned by the earliest instruments I found in museum collections were from studying musical instruments from archaeological sites. Research- the Basketmaker II period (AD 200–500). Of course, music made ers studying the social and physical contexts in which music took by the human body leaves no trace in the archaeological record. place (Brown 2005) and the instruments themselves (Olsen 1990) have identifi ed some roles music may have played in prehistoric societies. Music lends itself well to ritual; strategic use of ritual is Basketmaker II (AD 200–500) one way Ancestral Puebloan leaders in the American Southwest established, validated, and maintained their social authority. and III (AD 500–700) During this time, people lived part of the year in pithouse vil- In the course of my research in nine museums, I studied more lages but were more mobile for the rest of the year.