20170507 collected and analysed by Dirck van Bekkum (MCs. Cultural ) during unfinished dissertation 2006-2014)

(copyright Moira CTT for more information see www.anthropo-gazing.nl)

ALFABETIC LIST OF ARTICLES AND BOOKS ON MALE RITES OF PASSAGE (150 titles of which about 80 monographs)

Joseph K. Adjaye Dangerous Crossroads: Liminality and Contested Meaning in Krobo (Ghana) dipo Girls' Journal of African Cultural Studies, Vol. 12, No. 1 (Jun., 1999), pp. 5-26

Michael Allen, Male Cults and Secret in Melanesia, Melbourne University Press, London, 1967.

Michael Allen, Male Cults Revisited, The politics of Blood and Semen, Oceania, 1998.

Thierry Goguel d'Allondans (2002) Rites d'initiation. Lecture d'. Québec: Presses de l'Université Laval

Julio Alves (1993) Transgressions and Transformations; Initiation Rites among Urban Portuguese Boys American , New Series, 95, 4, 894-928

Awang Hasmadi Awany Mois. 1981. Selako Circumcision. Sarawak Museum Journal 29, 50, 59-72.

Alice Bailey (1990) Initiation, human and solar. New York City: Lucifer Publications 1922, in: Initiation. Menschliche und solare Einweihung. New York, London: Lucis 1952; 4. Aufl. Genf: Lucis 1988; Bietigheim: Rohm

Leslie Bank, Beyond Red and School: Gender, Tradition and Identity in the Rural Eastern Cape, Journal of Southern African Studies, Volume 28, Issue 3 September 2002 , pages 631 - 649

Herbert Barry III; Alice Schlegel (1980) Early Childhood Precursors of Adolescent Initiation Ceremonies, Ethos, 8, 2., 132-145.

T.O. Beidelman 1997 The Cool Knife scan final remarks: Imagery of gender, sexuality, and moral education in kaguru ritual, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 1997

Bellman, B.L., The Language of Secrecy: Symbols and Metaphors in Poro Ritual, New Brunswick: Rutgers. University Press, 1984

Pierre L. van den Berghe, Physiological Determination of Female and Male Roles: A Reply to Sharlotte Neely Williams, , New Series, Vol. 76, No. 3. (Sep., 1974), pp. 567-569.

Alexander Berzin: Taking the Kalachakra initiation. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion Publications 1997; dt.: Kalachakra - das Rad der Zeit. Geschichte, Wesen und Praxis des bedeutendsten tantrischen Initiationsrituals des tibetischen Buddhismus. Bern: Scherz; Bern: Barth 2002.

Annie Besant: Initiation, the perfecting of man. London 1912; dt.: Einweihung. Der Weg zur Vollendung des Menschen. Vorträge gehalten im Jahre 1912 in London. Leipzig 1913.

Bruno Bettelheim, 1954. Symbolic Wounds: Puberty Rites and the Envious Male. Glencoe: Free Press.

Daniel Biebuyck . Lega Culture: Art, Initiation, and Moral Philosophy among a Central African People. Berkely: University of California Press, 1973. xxiii + 334

Wim van Binsbergen, The Shadown You Shall Not Step Upon, A Western researcher at the girl's coming-out ceremony of the Nkoya, http://www.shikanda.net/african_religion/girls.htm 1987

Wim van Binsbergen Mukanda Towards a history of circumcision rites in western Zambia, 18th-20th centurt, http://www.shikanda.net/ethnicity/first.htm 1991

I. Boszomenyi-Nagy, & G.M. Spark (1973). Invisible loyalties; reciprocity in intergenerational family therapy, New York: Harper and Row.

Ben G. Blount, Issues in Bonobo (Pan Paniscus) Sexual Behavior, American Anthropologist, New Series, Vol. 92, No. 3. (Sep., 1990), pp. 702-714.

Judith K. Brown, A Cross-Cultural Study of Female Initiation Rites, American Anthropologist, New Series, Vol. 65, No. 4. (Aug., 1963), pp. 837-853.

James L. Brain, Sex, Incest, and Death: Initiation Rites Reconsidered [and Comments and Reply] C. Fred Blake, Myra Bluebond-Langner, Simeon W. Chilungu, Vera P. Coelho, Tekla Domotor, Geoffrey Gorer,

Jean S. La Fontaine, Sydelle Brooks Levy, Demetrios Loukatos, Nalini Natarajan, Dana Raphael, Alice Schlegel, Howard F. Stein, W. D. Wilder, Current Anthropology, Vol. 18, No. 2 (Jun., 1977), pp. 191-208, Abstract

Campbell, Joseph, Primitive Mythology, The Masks of God, Penguin, Harmondsworth, 1959/84.

Campbell, Joseph. The Hero with a Thousand Faces. 2nd ed. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968.

Campbell, Joseph, i.sm. Bill Moyers, Mythen en Bewustzijn, De Kracht van de Mythologische Verbeelding, Utrecht, 1990.

Steven L. Cariton-Ford Charisma, ritual, collective effervescence, and self-esteem The Sociological Quarterly 33(3):365 (1992)

Peter Carstens, The Socio-Economic Context of Initiation Ceremonies among Two Southern African Peoples, Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue Canadienne des Études Africaines, Vol. 16, No. 3. (1982), pp. 505-522.

J.C. Chakanza Edited by Initiation rites for boys in lomwe society in malawi and other essays ... Malawi:Culture, People and 2000 185973491X Paperback niet UB

E. W. P. Chinnery; W. N. Beaver, Notes on the Initiation Ceremonies of the Koko, Papua. The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, Vol. 45. (Jan. - Jun., 1915), pp. 69-78.

Chodorow, Nancy (1978). The Reproduction of Mothering: Psychoanalysis and the Sociology of Gender. Berkeley, CA: University of California.

J. Clements, Man Oh Man-Growing Up Male in America. 1987. Produced and directed b 19 minutes, color. Purchase $380 (16mm), $230 (video); rental $45 from New Day Films, Inc., 121 West 27th Street, Room 902, New York, NY 10001 (2121645-8210).

Maria Danuta Glowacka Ritual knowledge in Hopi tradition 1998 American Indian Quarterly; Summer 98, Vol. 22 Issue 3, p386, 7p

Yehudi A. Cohen, (1964a) The Establishment of Identity in a Social Nexus: The Special Case of Initiation Ceremonies and Their Relation to Value and Legal Systems, American Anthropologist, New Series, Vol. 66, No. 3, Part 1. (Jun., 1964), pp. 529-552.

Yehudi A.Cohen, (1964b) The Transition From Childhood to Adolescence: Cross- Cultural Studies of Initiation Ceremonies, Legal Systems, and Incest Taboos, Chicago: Aldine;

Richard G. Condon & Pamela R. Stern, Gender-Role Preference, Gender Identity, and Gender Socialization among Contemporary Inuit Youth, Ethos, Vol. 21, No. 4. (Dec., 1993), pp. 384-416.

Chris Coulter , A Girl's Initiation Ceremony in Northern Sierra Leone, Anthropological Quarterly 78.2 (2005) 431-441

Pater Crazzolara; Pasquale Crazzolara, Die Gar-Zeremonie bei den Nuer, Africa: Journal of the International African Institute, Vol. 5, No. 1. (Jan., 1932), pp. 28-39.

Alexandra David-Neel: Inititations lamaïques. Des théories, des pratiques, des hommes. Paris: Adyar 1930; 7. Aufl. 1999; engl.: Initiations & initiates in Tibet. London: Rider 1931; New York: University Books 1959; erneut London: Rider 1996;

Dessing, N.H. Rituals of Birth, Circumcision, Marriage, and Death among Muslims in the Netherlands, Leuven, 2001.

Martin Dibelius: Die Isisweihe bei Apuleius und verwandte Initiations-Riten. Heidelberg: Winter 1917.

Bram Dijkstra, Evil Sisters: The Threat of Female Sexuality and the Cult of Manhood, American Anthropologist, New Series, Vol. 99, No. 4. (Dec., 1997), p. 867.

K. Dowden Death and the Maiden: Girls' Initiation Rites in Greek Mythology by Author(s) of Review: Helen King The Journal of Hellenic Studies, Vol. 111, 1991 (1991), pp. 235-236 Harold E. Driver, Girls' Puberty Rites and Matrilocal Residence, American Anthropologist, New Series, Vol. 71, No. 5. (Oct., 1969), pp. 905-908.

André Droogers (1974) De gevaarlijke reis, Jongensinitiatie bij de Wagenia van Kiasangani (Zaïre), proefschrift, Leiden, 1974.

André Droogers (1980) The Dangerous Journey, Symbolic Aspects of Boys’ Initiation among the Wagenia of Kisangani, Zaire, The Hague, Mouton Publishers.

Alan Dundes, A Psychoanalytic Study of the Bullroarer, Man, New Series, Vol. 11, No. 2. (Jun., 1976), pp. 220-238.

Ian Edgar 1990The social process of adolescence in a therapeutic community, Chapter three in: Spencer, Paul (ed) Anthropology and the Riddle of the Sphynx: Paradoxes of Change in the Life Course, Routledge, London.

W. Eiselen Initiation rites of the Bamasemola, 1932 Annals of the University of Stellenbosch. Section B ; vol. 10, no. 236 p. ; 8-o Kaapstad [etc.]

Eliade, M. Rites and Symbols of Initiation: The Mysteries of Birth and Rebirth, Harper, New York, 1958/1977.

Mircea Eliade. Birth and Rebirth: The Religious Meanings of Initiation in Human Culture. 1958 Mircea Eliade: Naissances mystiques. Essai sur quelques types d’initiation. Paris: Gallimard 1959; engl.: Birth and Rebirth. The religious meanings of initiation in human culture. New York: Harper 1958; zahlreiche Aufl.; u. d. T.: Rites and symbols of initiation. New York: Harper Torchbooks 1965; bis Woodstock, Conn.: Spring Publications 1995; dt.: Das Mysterium der Wiedergeburt. Initiationsriten, ihre kulturelle und religiöse Bedeutung. Zürich: Rascher 1961; Frankfurt am Main: Insel-Verlag 1988; Neuauflage 1997.

Roy Ellen, Nuaulu Religious Practices: The Frequency and Reproduction of Rituals in Moluccan Society, Leiden: KITLV Press. 2012 Retrieved from http://oapen.org/search?identifier=421930

Monica Engelhart, Extending the Tracks, A Cross-Reductionistic Approach to Australian Aboriginal Male Initiation Rites, Almqvist & Wiksell International Stockholm Sweden, 1998.

John Fernandes: The Initiation Rites of Hinduism and the liturgy of Christian initiation. Diss. Univ. Trier 1970. Hervé Masson: Dictionnaire initiatique. Paris 1970, viele Auflagen.

J. Walter Fewkes & A. M. Stephens. The N#-Ác-Nai-Ya: A Tusayan Initiation Ceremony The Journal of American Folklore, Vol. 5, No. 18. (Jul. - Sep., 1892), pp. 189-221.

Fletcher, A. C. and F. La Fleche. 1911. The Omaha Tribe. Bureau of American Ethnology Annual Report, 27.

James Frazer Initiation of young men Yabim Papua 1911 http://www.giffordlectures.org/Browse.asp?PubID=TPBIWD&Volume=0&Issue=0&ArticleID=12

James Frazer Initiation of young men among the Bukaua 1911 1913. http://www.giffordlectures.org/Browse.asp?PubID=TPBIWD&Volume=0&Issue=0&ArticleID=13

Peter Freese: Die Inititationsreise. Studien zum jugendlichen Helden im modernen amerikanischen Roman. Mit einer exemplarischen Analyse von J. D. Salingers "The catcher in the rye". Diss. Univ. Kiel 1969; Neumünster: Wachholtz 1971; Tübingen: Stauffenburg- Verlag 1998.

Martha Nemes Fried, Morton H. Fried: Transitions. Four rituals in eight cultures.Harmondsworth, Middlesex, New York: Penguin 1980.

D. S. Gardner, Performativity in Ritual: The Mianmin Case, Man, New Series, Vol. 18, No. 2. (Jun., 1983), pp. 346-360.

Joël Gendreau: L'adolescence et ses "rites" de passage. Paris: Desclée de Brouwer 1998.

David D. Gilmore, Men and Women in Southern Spain: "Domestic Power" Revisited, American Anthropologist, New Series, Vol. 92, No. 4. (Dec., 1990), pp. 953-970.

David Gilmore, (1990). Manhood in the Making, Cultural Concepts of Masculinity, London, Yale Univ. Press.

Barney G. Glaser; Anselm L. Strauss, Status Passage, Aldine, New York, 1971.

Max. Gluckman, 1962. Les Rites de Passage. Essays on the Ritual of Social Relations (M. Gluckman, ed.), pp. 1-52. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Ronald L. Grimes, (2000). Deeply into the Bone, Re-inventing Rites of passage, University of California Pres, Berkeley.

Drewey Wayne Gunn, Initiation, Individuation, In Country, review of Mason The Midwest Quarterly, 1998,

Per Hage, On Male Initiation and Dual Organisation in New Guinea, Man, New Series, Vol. 16, No. 2. (Jun., 1981), pp. 268-275.

Hautefelt, 1923, L’initiation de la puberté chez le Baenya, Reveu Générale de la Colonie Belge, vol. 4, 1, 5 207-210.

Joseph L. Henderson, Thresholds of Initiation, Middletown, Conn.: Wesleyan University, Press, 1967. 260 pp.

Herdt, G.H. 1981. Guardians of the Flutes. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Herdt, Gilbert (ed), Rituals of Manhood: Male Initiation in Papua New Guinea, Univeristy California Prss, Berkeley, 1982.

Gilbert Herdt, Transitional Objects in Sambia Initiation, Ethos, Vol. 15, No. 1, Interpretation in Psychoanalytic Anthropology. (Mar., 1987), pp. 40-57.

Hertz, Robert. "A Contribution to the Study of the Collective Representation of Death." In Rodney Needham and Claudia Needham eds., Death and the Right Hand. New York: Free Press, 1960.

John D. Herzog, Initiation and High School in the Development of Kikuyu Youths' Self-Concept, Ethos, Vol. 1, No. 4. (Winter, 1973), pp. 478-489.

Eric Hirsch, Making up People in New Guinea, Journal of Royal Anthropological Institute, 7, 241-256, 2001

J. Holmes, Initiation Ceremonies of Natives of the Papuan Gulf, The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, Vol. 32. (Jul. - Dec., 1902), pp. 418-425.

Michael Houseman, 1986. Le mai pour le male: un bien initiatique. In Le mai et la douleur (eds) J. Hainard & R. Kaehr. Neuchatel: Musee d'Ethnographie.

Michael Houseman, Painful places Ritual encounters with ones homelands, Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute; Sep 1998, Vol. 4 Issue 3, p447, 21p

Michael Houseman, 1993. The interactive basis of ritual effectiveness in a male initiation rite. In Cognitive aspects of religious behaviour (ed.) P Boyer. Cambridge: Univ. Press.

A. W. Howitt, On Some Australian Ceremonies of Initiation, The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, Vol. 13. (1884), pp. 432-459.

A. W. Howitt, The Jeraeil, or Initiation Ceremonies of the Kurnai Tribe, The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, Vol. 14. (1885), pp. 301-325.

John J. Honigmann Morale in a primitive society Journal of Personality Vol. 12 Issue 3 Page 228 March 1944

Hubert, H. and M. Mauss, 1964. Sacrifice: its nature andfunction (trans.) W.D. Halls. London: Cohen & West.

Stephen Hugh-Jones The Palm and the Pleiades: Initiation and Cosmology in Northwest Amazonia.. Cambridge Studies in Social Anthropology.

Christine Hugh-Jones From the Milk River: Spatial and Temporal Processes in Northwest Amazonia.. Cambridge Studies in Social Anthropology.

Jager, J. de, Rituelen in Nederland, nieuwe en oude gebruiken in Nederland, Spectrum, Utrecht, 2001.

Adolf E. Jensen: Beschneidung und Reifezeremonien bei Naturvölkern. Stuttgart: Strecker und Schröder 1933; Nachdruck New York: Johnson Reprint 1968.

A. H. M. Kirk-Greene, A Lala Initiation Ceremony, Man, Vol. 57. (Jan., 1957), pp. 9-11.

Peter Kloos, Female Initiation among the Maroni River Caribs, American Anthropologist, New Series, Vol. 71, No. 5. (Oct., 1969), pp. 898-905.

Corinne A. Kratz, Sexual Solidarity and the Secrets of Sight and Sound: Shifting Gender Relations and Their Ceremonial Constitution, American Ethnologist, Vol. 17, No. 3. (Aug., 1990), pp. 449-469.

Corinne A. Kratz, Affecting Performance: Meaning, Movement and Experience in Okiek Women's Initiation. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1994. 470 PP.

Jens Kreinath, Ritual: Theoretical Issues in the Study of Religion, Revista de Estudos da Religao, nr. 4, 2005 pp. 100/107.

Joseph François Lafiteau: Mœurs des sauvages Amériquains, comparées aux mœurs des premiers temps. 4 Bde. Paris: Saugrain 1724; Nachdruck Paris: Maspero 1983; dt.: die Sitten der amerikanischen Wilden im Vergleich zu den Sitten der Frühzeit. Halle: Gebauer 1752; Nachdruck Leipzig: Edition Leipzig/ Weinheim: Acta Humaniora, VCH 1987.

LaFontaine, Jean J.S. (ed), The Interpretation of Ritual, Essays in Honour of A.I. Richards, Tavistock, London, 1972.

LaFontaine, Jean J.S., Ritualization of women’s life-crises in Bugisu, in: Interpretation of Ritual, Essays in Honour of A.I. Richards, LaFontaine, Jean J.S. (ed), Tavistock, London, 1972.

LaFontaine, Jean The Power of Rights, Man, New Series, Vol. 12, No. 3/4. (Dec., 1977), pp. 421-437.

LaFontaine, Jean Sibyl: Initiation. Drama and secret knowledge across the world. Harmondsworth: Penguin/ New York: Viking 1985.

L. L. Langness, Ritual, Power, and Male Dominance, Ethos, Vol. 2, No. 3. (Autumn, 1974), pp. 189-212.

Andrew Lattas, Trickery and Sacrifice: Tambarans and the Appropriation of Female Reproductive Powers in Male Initiation Ceremonies in West New Britain Man, New Series, Vol. 24, No. 3. (Sep., 1989), pp. 451-469.

Lee, Courtland C. (1992) Empowering Young Black Males, Eric Digest, Ann Arbor MI.

Leitao David D. (1995) Initiatory transvestism and male gender ideology in the Ekdusia Greek 1996 Classical Antiquity; 14, 1 , 130, 34p.

Lewis, Gilbert. 1980. Day of Shining Red: An Essay on Understanding Ritual. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Bruce Lincoln (1981) Emerging from the Chrysalis. Studies in Rituals of Women's Initiation. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. "I have some serious reservations about undertaking a study of women's rites of initiation, and perhaps it is best to air them at the outset..." (more) from http://www.boyhoodstudies.com/encyclopaideia.htm

Edwin M. Loeb (1929) Tribal initiations and secret societies. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology, 25, 3, 249-288.

Nancy C. Lutkehaus, Paul B. Roscoe (1995) (Hrsg.): Gender rituals. Female initiation in Melanesia. New York: Routledge.

Mahdi, L. C., S. Forster & M. Little, (eds) (1987) Betwixt and Between: Patterns of Masculine and Feminine Initiation, Open Court, La Salle, Illinois.

Louise Carus Mahdi et. al. (1996 eds): Crossroads. The quest for contemporary rites of passage. Chicago: Open Court.

Marjorie Mandelstam Balzer (1981) Rituals of Gender Identity: Markers of Siberian Khanty Ethnicity, Status, and Belief, American Anthropologist, New Series,83, 4. 850-867.

Jeff Marck, Aspects of male circumcision in sub-equatorial African culture history, Health Transition Review, Supplement to Volume 7, 1997, 337-359.

Peter Mark, The Wild Bull and the Sacred Forest: Form, Meaning, and Change in Senegambian Initiation Masks,. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992

Peter Mark De Jong (1998) Ferdinand, Chupin, Clémence Mark Ritual and masking traditions in Jola Men s initiation African Arts;,. 31, 1, 36, 12p.

Robert Hamilton Mathews (1895) The , or Initiation Ceremonies of the Kamilaroi Tribe, The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 24. 411-427.

Robert Hamilton Mathews (1896) The Bora, or Initiation Ceremonies of the Kamilaroi Tribe. Part II, The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 25. 318-339.

Robert Hamilton Mathews (1897) The Keeparra Ceremony of Initiation, The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 26, 320-340.

Robert Hamilton Mathews (1898) The Victorian Aborigines: Their Initiation Ceremonies and Divisional Systems, American Anthropologist, 11, 11, 325-343.

Robert Hamilton Mathews (1898) Initiation ceremonies of Australian tribes. Proceedings American Philosophical Society, Vol. 37, no. 157, , 54-73.

Robert Hamilton Mathews (1901) Initiation Ceremonies of the Tribes American Anthropologist, New Series, 3, 2. 337-341.

Philip Mayers (1951) The joking of pals in Gusii age sets , African Studies, 10, 1, 27 - 41

Philip Mayer (1952) Gusii Initiation Ceremonies, The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 83, 1, 9-36.

Philip Mayer (1953) Ekeigoroigoro: A Gusii Rite of Passage, Man, 53, 3-6

Majors, R.G. & J.M.Billson, Cool pose: The dilemmas of black manhood in America, Lexington Books, New York, 1992.

Margaret Mead, Growing Up In New Guinea A Study Of Adolescence And Sex In Primitive Societies 1930 1977 Penguin Books

Meade, M., Men and the Water of Life: Initiation and the Tempering of Men, Harper, San Francisco, 1993.

Daniel Merkur: Becoming half hidden. Shamanism and initiation among the Inuit. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell International 1985.

Morinis, Alan, (1985) The Ritual Experience: Pain and the Transformation of Consciousness in Ordeals of Initiation, Ethos, 13, 2, 150-174.

Robert L. Munroe; Ruth H. Munroe (1973) Psychological Interpretation of Male Initiation Rites: The Case of Male Pregnancy Symptoms, Ethos, 1, 4, 490-498.

Murphy, M.D. (1983) Coming of Age in Sevilla: the structuring of a riteless of passage to manhood, Journal of Anthropological Research, 39, 4, 376-92.

Myerhoff, B. (1982) Rites of Passage: Proces and Paradox, in: V. Turner, Celebration: Studies in Festivity andf Ritual, Smithsonian Institute, Washington.

Kate Oestergaard (2009) The Process of Becoming Muslim: Ritualization and Embodiment. Journal of Ritual. Studies 23 (1), 1-13.

Alphonse Obelitala (1982) L'initiation en Afrique Noire et en Grèce. Confrontation de quelques rites de passage. Brazzaville: Kivouvou Editions Bantoues/ Paris: Editions L’Harmattan.

Nicolas Peterson (2000) An Expending the Aboriginal Domain, Mobility and the Initiation Journey, Oceania vol 70,

Perry, John W. (1974). The Far Side of Madness, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs.

Poole, F.J.P. (1976) The Ais Aim: an introduction to male initiation among the Bimin-Kuskusmin of the West Sepik District, Papua New Guinea. PhD thesis, Cornell University, Ithaca.

Hortense Powdermaker (1933) Life in Lesu; The Study of a Melanesian Society in New Ireland . Monografie. CHAPTER IV INITIATION RITES Conditions necessary for holding rites. Initial preparations. Communal work. Dance rehearsals. Women's dances preliminary to boys being circumcised. Circumcision. Distribution of food. Speeches of women. Folk-tales concerning initiation rites. Cleavage between men and women at this time. Beginning of malanggan rites. Boys come out of enclosure. Men's dances and showing of the malanggan . Interpretation of the rites American Anthropologist January/March 1934, Vol. 36, No. 1, pp. 129-130 Posted online on October 25, 2004. Review by Robert H. Lowie http://www.anthrosource.net/doi/abs/10.1525/aa.1934.36.1.02a00180 Review 1934. Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 3:145-146

Camilla Power; Ian Watts . (1997) The Woman with the Zebra's Penis: Gender, Mutability and Performance, The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 3, 3, 537-560.

Raphael, Ray (1988) , The Men from the Boys: Rites-of-Passage in Male America, University of Nebraska Press.

Rappaport, Roy. A. (1974) Obvious Aspects of Ritual. Cambridge Anthropology, 2:3-69.

Rappaport, Roy A. (2000) Ritual and Religion in the Making of Humanity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Thera Rasing (1995) Passing on the Rites of Passage: Girls' Initiation Rites in the Context of an Urban Roman Catholic Community on the Zambian Copperbelt (African Studies Center Research Series, 6/1995)

O. F. Raum (1939) Female Initiation among the Chaga, American Anthropologist, New Series, Vol. 41, No. 4. 554-565.

Kenneth Read (1952) The High valley (Asemo initiated), New York, Columbia University Press.

Audrey Richards (1957) Chisungu: A Girl's Initiation Ceremony Among the Bemba of Northern Rhodesia. Grove Press, Inc..

Peter Rigby (1967) The Structural Context of Girls' Puberty Rites, Man, New Series, 2, 3, 434-444.

Gary Robinson (1997) Families, Generations, and Self: Conflict, Loyalty, and Recognition in an Australian Aboriginal Society Ethos, 25, 3, 303-332.

Géza Róheim, Transition Rites, 1942, Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 11:336-374

Sansone, Livio (1992) Schitteren in de schaduw, overlevingsstrategieën, subcultuur en etniciteit van Creoolse jongeren uit de lagere klasse in Amsterdam 1981-1990, Amsterdam, Het Spinhuis.

Alice Schlegel (1972) Male Dominance and Female Autonomy: Domestic Authority in Matrilineal Societies. New Haven, CT: Human Relations, Area Files Press.

W. Schneider en M. Schneider (1991) Selako male initiation Ethnology; Jul91, Vol. 30 Issue 3, p279, 14p, 2 diagrams

Gary Schwartz; Don Merten (1968) Social Identity and Expressive Symbols: The Meaning of an Initiation Ritual, American Anthropologist, New Series, Vol. 70, No. 6. pp. 1117-1131.

Paul Sédir: Initiations. La rencontre, les tentations, l'adepte. Paris: Beaudelot 1908; Bihorel-les-Rouen: Legrand 1924; erneut Paris: Bibliothèque des Amitiés spirituelles 1976; engl.: Initations. London: Regency Press 1967; dt.: Aufbrüche. Remagen: Reichl 1972.

Jasprit Singh (1998) From Childhood to sikh Adulthood, (Chapter Four of “Style of the Lion: The Sikhs” www.akalsangat.com/myu4.html

Olaf H. Smedal Boys Incision with Orang Lom of Bangka Order and Difference An Ethnographic Study of Orang Lom of Bangka Indonesia, Oslo Occasional Papers in Social Anthropology, as Occasional Paper No.19, Department of Social Anthropology, University of Oslo, 1989.

Malidoma Patrice Somé (1994) Ritual : Power Healing and Community, Arkana Books Penquin, New York

Malidoma Patrice Some, (1999) The Healing Wisdom of Africa: Finding life purpose through nature, ritual and community. Tarcher/Putnam

L. M. Spagnolo (1932) Some Notes on the Initiation of Young Men and Girls in the Bari Tribe, Africa: Journal of the International African Institute, 5, 4, 393-403.

Walter Baldwin Spencer, Francis James Gillen (19041997) The northern tribes of central Australia. London Nachdruck London: Routledge, Thoemmes Press.

Spencer, B. and F. J. Gillen (1927) The Arunta. London: Macmillan.

Spencer, Paul (1970) The Function of Ritual in the Socialization of the Samburu Moran, in: Socialization: An Approach from Social Anthropology, p. 127-157, Philip Mayer (ed), Tavistock Publications, London.

Felix Speiser (1929) Über Initiationen in Australien und Neuguinea. Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft Basel 40/2, 53-258.

H. S. Stannus; J. B. Davey, The Initiation Ceremony for Boys Among the Yao of Nyasaland. The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, Vol. 43. (Jan. - Jun., 1913), pp. 119-123.

Rudolf Steiner: Von der Initiation, von Ewigkeit und Augenblick, von Geisteslicht und Lebensdunkel. Ein Vortragszyklus gehalten in München vom 25. bis 31 August 1912. Berlin: Philosophisch-Anthroposophischer Verlag 1912; 4. Aufl. 1986.

Rudolf Steiner (1923) Initiations-Erkenntnis. Die geistige und physische Welt- und Menschheitsentwicklung in der Vergangenheit, Gegenwart und Zukunft, vom Gesichtspunkte der Anthroposophie. Ein Vortragszyklus.

Borut Telban (1997) Being and Non-Being Ambonwari Ritual New Guinea, Oceania, vol 67.

Stephenson, B. (2003). Ritual criticism of a contemporary rite of passage. Journal of Ritual Studies, 17(1), 32‐41.

Sullivan Harry Stack, (1974), Cultural Stress and Adolescent Crisis (1930) in: Schizophrenia as a Human Process, New York, Norton & Company.

Marijke Steegstra (2004) Resilient Rituals. Modernity and Belonging, Band 3 Krobo initiation and the politics of culture in Ghana.

Donald F. Thomson (933) The hero cult, initiation and totemism on Cape York. London: Royal Anthropological Institute.

Brian M. du Toit (1976) Configurations of cultural continuity. Rotterdam: Balkema.

Colin M. Turnbull, Initiation Among the BaMbuti Pygmies of the Central Ituri , The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, Vol. 87, No. 2 (Jul. - Dec., 1957), pp. 191-216

Turner, V. 1964. Betwixt and Between: The Liminal Period in Rites de Passage. Proceedings of American Ethnological Society, Symposium on New Approaches to the Study of Religion, pp 4-20

Turner, Victor. Mukanda boys initiation, 1969. The Ritual Process. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

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