DOCSLIB.ORG

Psychology News

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Psychology News Psychology News Newsletter October 2005 Quiet Ego Conference A Update on Masters’ Andy Walters Brings Integrating On-Line Research: Papers & Guess Who? Success Program Graduates Something New to NAU Techniques in the Face- Presentations It isn’t just Halloween Recent conference held Graduate coordinator Psychology to-Face Classroom Psychology faculty’s that brings out the best at NAU helps to Laurie Dickson New faculty member Innovative ideas to recent research in this person! A redirect research efforts tabulates the success of brings new expertise to integrate technology publications, a student tigger-ific support for in psychology. recent graduates of our our department in into classroom teaching award, and upcoming our department and Pages 1-3 talks. masters’ program. sexuality research. are a success! college! Page 4 Page 3 Page 4 Page 3 Page 4 gan on Thursday evening, October 27, data showing how threats to the social Quiet Ego with Navajo medicine man James self trigger psychobiological responses. Peshlakai (also a NAU resident elder) The second session was entitled “The Conference Helps who talked about the Navajo way of life Quiet Ego I: Moving Beyond Egoistic Chart New Direction and the “Beauty Prayer.” Self-Interest.” This symposium featured Holley Hodgins (Skidmore College) who in Psychology On Friday, October 28, the conference was described how autonomous individuals held at Flagstaff’s historic Colton House. (as defined by Social Determination The- by Heidi Wayment & Jack Bauer, Conference In this novel and peaceful setting, confer- ory) are more open to experience without Co-Coordinators ence speakers, visiting We are de- graduate students, nu- lighted to report merous NAU faculty and that the “Quiet graduate students from Ego” conference Psychology and Educa- that was re- tional Psychology, as well cently held here as interested psycholo- at NAU was a gists from the community great success! listened to four symposia This conference sessions. The first session brought to- was entitled, “When the gether 20 scholars representing a variety Ego Gets in the Way: The of sub-disciplines within psychology (so- Negative Personal, Social, cial, personality, developmental, clinical, and Physiological Conse- health, I/O) as well as sociology and edu- quences of Self-Interest cational psychology. In addition, the which featured W. Keith types of research presented also repre- Campbell (University of sented a variety of settings (laboratory, Georgia) who spoke field), samples (college students, older about narcissism as a “so- Conference participants (left to right) Lowell Gaertner, Mark Leary, adults, lesbians, middle-aged adults), de- cial trap” in that narcis- and Virginia Kwan listen to a presentation at the Colton House signs (longitudinal, experimental, correla- sists may experience short tional, qualitative) and data collection term gains in social and methods (questionnaire, ethnographic personal outcomes but may distortion, defense, and avoidance. Mark interview, web-based). What all of these suffer long-term negative consequences. Leary (Wake Forest University) described researchers had in common was an inter- Next, Virginia Kwan (Princeton Univer- a new measure of transindividual iden- est to exchange ideas on the limitations of sity) outlined how different ways of as- tity, which measures the extent to which egoistic self-interest, the varieties of ways sessing self-enhancement sheds light on people feel connected to close others, people transcend egocentrism, and the its relation to adjustment. Finally, Marga- people in general, animals and nature. benefits of doing so. The conference be- ret Kemeny (UC San Francisco) presented This tendency is associated with not only Psychology Newsletter, October 2005" 1 psychological well-being but also greater happy to learn of native traditions. For Rich Ryan (cf. Deci & Ryan) concluded benevolence and kindness. Kirk Warren many, this was their first exposure to the morning with an overview of several Brown (Virginia Commonwealth Univer- Flagstaff and NAU. decades of research involving his well- sity) presented the case for mindfulness, known theory of Self-Determination in and how the capacity to be “present” is The first session (The Individualistic and the context of understanding self- associated with a lower concern for ego- Collective Self II: A Balancing Act) on systems. protection and -repair, less rumination Saturday, October 29 featured Heidi about the past and future, and less egois- Wayment and Derrick Wirtz, both of Later in the afternoon two keynote ad- tic behaviors. Finally, Kristin Neff (Uni- NAU, who presented their research. dresses were held at Cline Library. Mark versity of Texas, Austin) presented her Heidi presented data from two studies Leary presented ideas from his recent work related to her measure of self- (one conducted with former graduate book, “The Curse of the Self” which ar- compassion. Self-compassion recognizes student Erin O’Mara) that suggest there gues that the human capacity for self- the flawed and vulnerable nature of the are also positive and collective conse- human condition, so that one can extend quences to identifying with unfortunate the same kindness and understanding others, even at the risk of feeling person- toward the self that we often extend to ally vulnerable to a similar, negative out- others, without judgment. come. Derrick demonstrated that subjec- tive well-being ratings were influenced In the third session, entitled “The Quiet by the kinds of information individuals Ego II: Interpersonal Consequences of a consider (negative or positive) and these Less Egoic Self” Julie Juola Exline (Case differences were reliably different in Western Reserve University) suggested people from individualistic and collectiv- that two elements are required for a istic cultures. humble, quiet ego: a sense of personal worth or safety; and an awareness of The final symposia session (Transcend- Jen Shott, Desiree Sharpe, and Lindsay Richerson one’s limitations. Michael Wohl (Carleton ing the Ego: Developmental Perspec- greet conference participants University, Canada) discussed the notion tives) was started by sociologist Monika of the collective ego, and presented re- Ardelt (University of Florida) who de- thought is responsible for many of the search suggesting how reframing inter- scribed the paradoxical nature of self- personal and social difficulties that hu- group conflict in terms of human conflict development whereby the self becomes mans face as a species. Jennifer Crocker can foster intergroup forgiveness. Au- less important over time and the role that described 20 years of research on self- drey Korsgaard (University of South wisdom plays in this process. Ed de St. esteem with her talk “The Costly Pursuit Carolina, School of Business) reported Aubin (Marquette University) described of Self-Esteem” and argued that when findings suggesting that “other orienta- how important aspects of development, self-esteem is contingent on academic tion” affects self-interested calculations namely one’s ability to give back to others outcomes (for students), actual learning and has consequences for a wide range of (i.e., generativity) may be thwarted in and psychological well-being may be un- attitudes and behavior in work settings. individuals who internalize societal dermined. In contrast, having a learning In the fourth and last session of the day, stigma about their worth or value (e.g., orientation may reduce threats to self- “Balancing the Individualistic and Collec- homonegativity in lesbian women). esteem. tive Self I: Motivational Systems,” Lowell NAU’s Jack Bauer concluded the session Gaertner (University of Tennessee) ar- with his data from three studies that Looking back, we couldn’t have been gued that egoistic concerns are more eas- more pleased by the outcome of the con- ily transcended when connecting with ference. Our goals, providing an oppor- another individual than with a group. tunity for researchers to share their work Jennifer Crocker (University of Michigan) and engage in discussion about new ideas presented the idea that there are two un- and collaborative efforts, were clearly derlying motivational systems that influ- met. Conference participants praised the ence whether we are driven to maintain, conference as intellectually inspiring, protect, or inflate self-worth (ego-system with a few noting that they were ener- goals) or are motivated by creating or gized by the conference and it reminded contributing to something larger than the them of why they chose to pursue psy- self (eco-system goals). Dinner was ac- chology in the first place. Our next steps companied by the beautiful photography include synthesizing the themes that of prize-winning photographer Peter arose during the presentations and dis- show how two forms of self- Schwepker (NAU Department of Pho- cussions and working on producing an transcendence (social-emotional and tography, SBS), as well as presentations edited volume for publication. Confer- by Michael Kabotie and LouVina Maho social-cognitive) involved identification with something larger than the self and ence participants also clearly expressed a on Hopi spiritual traditions and a picto- desire for Quiet Ego II! KNAU’s Mitch that they reliably correlated with two rial essay entitled “Journey of the Human Teich was also at most of Friday’s presen- measures of personality development. Spirit.” Conference attendees were tations and will be working on a story Psychology Newsletter, October 2005" 2 that
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Stereotypes Can Be Learned Through Implicit Associations Or Explicit Rules
    Stereotypes Can Be Learned through Implicit Associations or Explicit Rules by Anthony Michael Pascoe Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Duke University Date: ____________________ Approved: _________________________________ Wendy Wood, Committee Co-Supervisor _________________________________ Mark Leary, Committee Co-Supervisor _____________________________ Harris Cooper ____________________________ James Bettman Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Psychology and Neuroscience in the Graduate School of Duke University 2011 ABSTRACT Stereotypes Can Be Learned through Implicit Associations or Explicit Rules by Anthony Michael Pascoe Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Duke University Date: ____________________ Approved: _________________________________ Wendy Wood, Committee Co-Supervisor _________________________________ Mark Leary, Committee Co-Supervisor _____________________________ Harris Cooper ____________________________ James Bettman An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Psychology and Neuroscience in the Graduate School of Duke University 2011 Copyright by Anthony Michael Pascoe 2011 Abstract Two studies examined whether stereotypes can be created using different learning paradigms and whether the resulting stereotypes will have different properties that affect their activation, suppression, and explicit knowledge. In the Pilot
    [Show full text]
  • Self-Esteem I Ett Nytt Ljus: En Redogörelse För, Och Validering Av, Sociometerteorin
    Self-esteem i ett nytt ljus: en redogörelse för, och validering av, sociometerteorin C-uppsats i Psykologi Jens Brogren och Karl-Anton Östensson vt 2004 Handledare: Måns Holgersson HÖGSKOLAN KRISTIANSTAD Institutionen för Beteendevetenskap 1 SELF-ESTEEM I ETT NYTT LJUS: EN REDOGÖRELSE FÖR, OCH VALIDERING AV, SOCIOMETERTEORIN Jens Brogren och Karl-Anton Östensson Denna studie syftade för det första till att ge en grundlig och bred presentation av self-esteem-begreppet utifrån sociometerteorin, samt för det andra att korsvalidera Leary m.fl. (1995, studie 1 och 5). Vi ville förmedla hur sociometerteorins nya betraktelsesätt har satt self- esteem begreppet i ett nytt ljus, samt har kunnat förklara self-esteem på ett bredare och mer funktionellt sätt. Vi ville också visa vilka kopplingar det finns mellan self-esteem, social oro, uppfattad social exkluderingsstatus och människors förväntningar om huruvida deras beteende kommer att leda till social inkludering. Utifrån sociometerteorin betraktas self-esteem som en sociometer som övervakar en persons relationsvärde och hjälper människor att reglera sina interpersonella relationer. I studien ingick 81 kvinnliga och 51 manliga högskolestudenter från en högskola i södra Sverige. Resultaten visade på att det förekom: a) en signifikant positiv korrelation (r=0,35) mellan state self-esteem och beteenden som förväntas leda till social inkludering, b) en signifikant negativ korrelation (r=-0,73) mellan trait self-esteem och uppfattad exkluderingsstatus, c) en signifikant negativ korrelation (r=-0,56) mellan social oro (IAS) och trait self-esteem, d) en signifikant positiv korrelation (r=0,60) mellan social oro (IAS) och uppfattad exkluderingsstatus. Nyckelord: sociometerteorin, relationsvärde, state self-esteem, trait self-esteem, social oro.
    [Show full text]
  • Extraversion
    Prepared for the Handbook of Individual Differences in Social Behavior Mark Leary & Richard Hoyle (Editors) Guilford Extraversion Joshua Wilt and William Revelle Northwestern University For at least 2500 years, some people have been described as more bold, assertive and talkative than others. For almost equally long, this set of behaviors has been thought to have a biological basis and be socially important. Although our taxometric techniques have changed and our theories of biology are more advanced, the question of the causal basis as well as the behavioral consequences of the trait dimension that has come to be called extraversion-introversion1 remains vitally important. In general, there are at least three basic characteristics of extraversion that make it important to study. First, extraversion has emerged as one of the fundamental dimensions of personality (Costa & McCrae, 1992a; Digman, 1990; H. J. Eysenck & Himmelweit, 1947; Goldberg, 1990; Norman, 1963). As such, extraversion has the potential to explain the covariation of a wide variety of behaviors, which is is one of the central concerns for the field of personality (Funder, 2001). Second, extraversion predicts effective functioning and well-being across a wide variety of domains (Ozer & Benet-Martinez, 2006) from cognitive performance (Matthews, 1992) and social endeavors (Eaton & Funder, 2003) to social economic status (Roberts, Kuncel, Shiner, Caspi, & Goldberg, 2007). Third, extraversion predicts risk and also resilience for different forms of psychopathology (Trull & Sher, 1994; Widiger, 2005). 1Although occasionally one will see extroversion-introversion, the preferred spelling in psychological re- search is extraversion-introversion. For purposes of brevity we refer to the bipolar dimension of introversion- extraversion by referring to just one end of it, extraversion.
    [Show full text]
  • Downloaded from Brill.Com10/02/2021 01:09:41PM Via Free Access P
    PAUL BARTOLO 1. BELONG AND FLOURISH – DROP OUT AND PERISH The Belongingness Hypothesis ABSTRACT This chapter sets out the research evidence that highlights the social nature of human beings. It first describes psychological theory about a positive sense of self-esteem as the foundation of one’s wellbeing. It then shows how one’s sense self-esteem is in turn based on one’s feeling of being accepted and esteemed by others. This human sensitivity to inclusion and exclusion by others is elaborated in ‘the belongingness hypothesis’. An account is then given of social neuroscience experiments using fMRI showing how people are highly sensitive to being left out even in simple computer games, and how social pain is registered in the brain in a similar fashion to physical pain. Similarly, research shows how human wellbeing is enhanced while the impact of stress and illness is reduced through connections with others. In conclusion it is suggested that a community that aims to enhance the wellbeing of its members needs to promote inclusive structures and processes. Keywords: self-esteem, belonging, social neuroscience, inclusion, wellbeing INTRODUCTION This chapter sets out the research evidence that highlights the social nature of human beings and that human wellbeing is enhanced through positive relations with others. It first describes how psychologists have argued that our search for wellbeing, in terms of being the best that we can be, is founded on a positive sense of self-esteem. It then shows how one’s sense of self-esteem itself appears to be founded on our feeling of being accepted and esteemed by others.
    [Show full text]
  • The Influence of Self-‐Esteem, Shame and Vulnerability in Sustainable
    The influence of self-esteem, shame and vulnerability on sustainable high performance The influence of self-esteem, shame and vulnerability in sustainable high performance Michael Andersen Abstract Is there a clear coherence between vulnerability, shame, self- esteem and life long sustainable high performance? EMCCC Wave 13. Executive Master Thesis 2014 The influence of self-esteem, shame and vulnerability on sustainable high performance Introduction to the thesis We know from recent research that vulnerability is the birthplace for creativity, innovation and change, and we know that high performance demands an open mind to changes in the field of high performance and a readiness to constantly be creative to challenge methods and theories to find new and better ways to increase performance. The research of self- esteem, shame and vulnerability combined with sustainable high performance seems to have a obvious connection and I would therefore like to highlight those connections and thereby invite others to do a further exploration on how this connection could be used in talent recruitment and the training of high performance talents, in sports, in business and among creative performers etc. I have decided to focus my field research on actors/actresses and musicians and decided to leave out sports athletes. The reason for this is that the high performance period of most athletes are time limited due to age whereas actors/actresses and musicians can achieve sustainable high performance all trough their life. It is my belief that high performers have an increased threat towards the self and therefore lowers the vulnerability and thereby creates a non-authentic self-esteem, which creates a threat towards the ability to be creative and innovative and to change, which again creates a threat towards sustainable high performance.
    [Show full text]
  • Self-Compassion, Stress, and Coping Ashley Batts Allen* and Mark R
    Social and Personality Psychology Compass 4/2 (2010): 107–118, 10.1111/j.1751-9004.2009.00246.x Self-Compassion, Stress, and Coping Ashley Batts Allen* and Mark R. Leary Duke University Abstract People who are high in self-compassion treat themselves with kindness and concern when they experience negative events. The present article examines the construct of self-compassion from the standpoint of research on coping in an effort to understand the ways in which people who are high in self-compassion cope with stressful events. Self-compassionate people tend to rely heavily on positive cognitive restructuring and less so on avoidance and escape but do not appear to differ from less self-compassionate people in the degree to which they cope through problem-solving or distraction. Existing evidence does not show clear differences in the degree to which people who are low versus high in self-compassion seek support as a coping strategy, but more research is needed. The degree to which people cope effectively with stressful life events is a primary deter- minant of their subjective well-being. Not surprisingly, researchers have devoted a great deal of effort toward understanding which coping strategies and processes are most effec- tive under various circumstances and identifying individual differences in the ways in which people cope with negative events. The goal of this article is to explore the role of self-compassion in coping and well-being. The Conceptualization and Measurement of Self-compassion Although self-compassion has been discussed in Eastern philosophy—Buddhism in particu- lar—for centuries, it appeared in the psychological literature only recently with Neff’s (2003a,b) publication of two articles that described the construct of self-compassion and provided a self-report inventory for the measurement of individual differences in the ten- dency to be self-compassionate.
    [Show full text]
  • October25-26,2019 Johnsoncity,Tn
    ND 42 ANNUAL MEETING SOCIETY OF SOUTHEASTERN SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGISTS OCTOBER 25-26, 2019 JOHNSON CITY, TN WWW.SSSPCONFERENCE.COM 1 Conference Schedule Overview Friday, October 25th 5:00pm – 7:00pm Friday evening reception, check-in, & registration JRH Brewing, 458 W. Walnut St., Johnson City, TN 37604 Saturday, October 26th 8:00am – 5:00pm ETSU Millennium Center 2001 Millennium Place, Johnson City, TN 37614 (Parking provided in parking garage behind the Carnegie Hotel) 8:00am – 9:15am Breakfast – Ballroom A/B 8:00am – 9:30am Registration & Check-in – Pre-function area outside of Ballroom A/B 8:30am – 9:20am Poster Session 1 – Ballroom C 9:30am – 10:45am Talk Session 1 – Ballroom A/B, Rooms 215, 220, 225, 230 11:00am – 11:50am Talk Session 2 – Ballroom A/B, Rooms 215, 220, 225, 230 12:00pm – 12:50pm Poster Session 2 – Ballroom C 12:30pm – 1:30pm Lunch – Ballroom A/B 1:30pm – 2:20pm Poster Session 3 – Ballroom C 1:45pm – 2:20pm Business Meeting – Room 220 2:30pm – 3:20pm Talk Session 3 – Rooms 215, 220, 225, 230 3:30pm – 5:00pm Awards and Keynote Talk – Ballroom A/B Room 212 available to families for baby / child care, lactation, etc. 2 Welcome Welcome to Johnson City, Tennessee for the 42nd Meeting of the Society of Southeastern Social Psychologists (SSSP). With an informal membership, the conference is open to anyone who wants to affiliate as a social and personality psychologist in the southeast of the United States. The society has been meeting through an annual conference since 1978 to promote the exchange of scientific and professional ideas and allow for dissemination of research and scholarship in personality and social psychological science.
    [Show full text]
  • Sharp Okstate 0664D 16680.Pdf (1.243Mb)
    WAITING TO CONNECT: IN PURSUIT OF BELONGINGNESS AND CONNECTEDNESS NEEDS FOR GIRLS THROUGH SOCIAL NETWORK SITES BY DONNA COPLON SHARP Bachelor of Science in Sociology Oklahoma State University Stillwater, Oklahoma 1981 Master of Science in Educational Psychology Oklahoma State University Stillwater, Oklahoma 2009 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May, 2020 WAITING TO CONNECT: IN PURSUIT OF BELONGINGNESS AND CONNECTEDNESS NEEDS FOR GIRLS THROUGH SOCIAL NETWORK SITES Dissertation Approved: Dr. Lucy E. Bailey ______________________________________________ Dissertation Adviser Dr. Jane Vogler ______________________________________________ Committee Chair Dr. Diane Montgomery ______________________________________________ Committee Member Dr. Tamara Mix _______________________________________________ Outside Committee Member II ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, an immense debt of gratitude is owed to the girls who allowed me to speak with them about their use of social network sites. I appreciate the girls’ willingness to discuss the subject, their efforts to convey their thoughts and feelings, and the time they were willing to give. I wish to express appreciation to the members of my committee – Dr. Lucy Bailey, Dr. Jane Vogler, Dr. Diane Montgomery, and Dr. Tamara Mix. Special thanks to Dr. Bailey for her tireless efforts to advance this work and her guidance through the process. A similar debt of thanks is owed to Dr. Diane Montgomery who shepherded me into the Educational Psychology program and provided inspiring coursework since the beginning of my post-graduate work. Without the help of three friends this study would not be possible. Denise Metz and Judy Penner allowed me (with the permission of their administrators) to interview their students on multiple occasions, disrupting their school day while giving me a glimpse into their students’ lives.
    [Show full text]
  • Lieberman Expert Report.Pdf
    UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA OAKLAND DIVISION TODD ASHKER, et al., Case No.: 4:09-cv-05796-CW Plaintiffs, CLASS ACTION v. GOVERNOR OF THE STATE OF Judge: Honorable Claudia Wilken CALIFORNIA, et. al., Defendants. EXPERT REPORT OF MATTHEW D. LIEBERMAN 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page(s) I. STATEMENT OF EXPERT QUALIFICATIONS ........................................................... 1 II. EXPERT OPINION ......................................................................................................... 2 A. Is social interaction/connection a basic/fundamental human need? What does neuroscientific research reveal about the human need for social interaction/connection? Is it a need as basic as sleep, exercise or food? ................ 2 B. What kinds of social interactions or connections are necessary/important to meet these needs? ......................................................................................................... 5 C. What is the relationship between how the brain processes “social pain” and “physical pain”? ................................................................................................... 6 III. SUMMARY .................................................................................................................. 10 i I. STATEMENT OF EXPERT QUALIFICATIONS 1. I am a Professor of Psychology, Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). I am also Director of the Social Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory at UCLA. I have published
    [Show full text]
  • DINA GOHAR 530 Church Street Ann Arbor, MI, 48109 [email protected]
    University of Michigan LSA Department of Psychology 2237 East Hall DINA GOHAR 530 Church Street Ann Arbor, MI, 48109 [email protected] GOHAR Education DUKE UNIVERSITY, Durham, North Carolina Doctor of Philosophy, Clinical Psychology 2017 Duke Certificate in College Teaching 2017 § Honors: Society of Duke Fellows; Dean’s Graduate Fellowship; James B. Duke Fellowship Teaching Honors: Duke Graduate School’s Otis Green Fellowship awarded to 2 graduate students annually for distinguished teaching; Bass Instructional Fellowship awarded for outstanding teaching, which enabled me to be 1 of 4 graduate students teaching during the academic year; Preparing Future Faculty Fellow § Dissertation: Self-presentational variability, congruence, and psychosocial adjustment: A test of three models. Committee Chair: Timothy Strauman, Ph.D; Advisors: Mark Leary, Ph.D and Philip Costanzo, Ph.D; Non-Departmental Committee Member: Gavan Fitzsimons, Ph.D. UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Master of Arts, Psychology 2008-2010 § Honors: Benjamin Franklin Fellowship; Dean’s Psychology Summer Research Award § Master’s Thesis: Improving Self-Regulation: Increasing resistance to ego depletion and counteracting its negative effects. Advisors: Martin Seligman, Ph.D. & Angela Duckworth, Ph.D. CITY UNIVERSITY, London, England Master of Science coursework, Counselling Psychology 2007-2008 Counseling Skills Intensive Workshop 2007 § Coursework in Person-Centered, Cognitive-Behavioral, and Psychodynamic therapies, Qualitative and Quantitative Research Methods, & Context, Diversity and Standards in Professional Practice HARVARD UNIVERSITY, Cambridge, Massachusetts Bachelor of Arts, Magna Cum Laude with Highest Honors, Psychology 2006 Citations (Minors), French & Latin § Honors: Awarded the Harvard College Scholarship for academic distinction (GPA = 3.8; Major GPA = 3.9); Chosen for Senior Honor’s Thesis with Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Information to Users
    INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfrlm master. UMI films the text direct^ from the origmal or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and disseitation copes are in typewriter ù o t, while others may be from any type o f computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent npon the qnniity of the copy submitted. Broken or indistmct prmt, colored or poor quality illustrations and photogr^hs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can advosety affect reproduction. In the unlik^ event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missmg pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the origituü, b%inning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overiaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back o f the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographicaOy in this copy. Higher quality 6” x 9” black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor MI 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 STATE SELF-ESTEEM REACTIONS TO REJECTION: AN APPLICATION OF THE SOCIOMETER MODEL TO WOMEN WITH AND WITHOUT EATING DISORDER BEHAVIOR DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School o f The Ohio State U niversity By Deborah L.
    [Show full text]
  • Attraction and Rejection 1 Running Head
    Attraction and Rejection 1 Running Head: ATTRACTION AND REJECTION Attraction and Rejection Eli J. Finkel Northwestern University Roy F. Baumeister Florida State University June 21, 2018 Word count: 10,575 To appear in E. J. Finkel, and R. F. Baumeister (Eds.), Advanced social psychology: The state of the science. New York: Oxford University Press. Attraction and Rejection 2 Attraction and Rejection Human beings are social animals, and being social requires having relationships with others. We seek people to bond with, and we try to avoid rejection. But humans are more than just social—we are also cultural. Indeed, although other creatures, like ants and bees, are more social than humans, no other species is more cultural, nor even nearly as cultural, as we are (Baumeister, 2005). How do we, as social animals, leverage the opportunities afforded by our culture to help us meet our needs? We evolve and fine-tune sophisticated psychological machinery, including mind- reading skills and self-awareness, to determine with whom we would like to pursue a relationship (attraction) and to reduce the odds of rejection from our primary social groups (rejection). This chapter considers both of these social-psychological phenomena, starting with attraction. Attraction Historical Perspective Although theorizing on interpersonal attraction—the tendency to evaluate positively, and seek closeness with, a target person to whom we are not (yet) close—is millennia old, only a smattering of empirical investigations existed before the 1960s. Notable among them were studies on assortative mating (Harris, 1912), popularity (Moreno, 1934), power (Waller, 1938), mate preferences (Hill, 1945), sexuality (Kinsey, Pomeroy, & Martin, 1948), and physical proximity (Festinger, Schachter, & Back, 1950).
    [Show full text]