Philosophy of Science and to Transform These Spotlights in Time Inspire Our Future Success and Development

Table of Contents

Overview of the First 40 Years ... . 00 • • 00 •••• 00 •• 00 •• 00 00. 2

Annual Lecture Series, 1960-2002 ...... 6

Visiting Fellows and Scholars Program ...... 14

Lunchtime Colloquium ...... 17

Conferences and Workshops ...... 18

Public Lecture Series ...... 26

Advisory Board ...... :...... 00 26

Resident Fellows and Associates ...... 27

Center Publications ...... 2 8

Archives of Scientific Philosophy in the 20th Century ...... 30

Major Funding Sources ...... 31

CENTER CHRONOLOGY • In 2001-2002, the Center for Philosophy of Scie nce celebrates 40 years of in· 9/1/60 Acaaemic Vice CHancellor Ctiarles• H. Peak:e appoints Aaolf Grun- novation and accomplishment. The timeline included here highlights many baum as Andrew Mellon Professor of Philosophy with a twin mandate to of the Center's remarkable achievements and most memorable moments. establish a first-class center for philosophy of science and to transform These spotlights in time inspire our future success and development. the Department of Philosof:!hy into a leading department in the country. Andrew Mellon chair in philosophy to an unusually promis­ rated sixd1 in one category and eighth d1e main foci of Griinbaum's administra­ ing young scholar, someone so young that the age d1reshold in a second. In a confidential report tion. He relinquished his adnlinistrative of forty years for the Mellon Professorships had to be waived prepared in August 1965 for the Pitt appointment as Center Director in 1978 in order to secure Griinbaum for the chair. Perhaps no ap­ University Study Committee, Philosophy when he became its first chairman, a posi­ pointment at any university has returned greater dividends was among three departments identi- tion he continues to hold. he year 2000 marked the 40th anniversary of the than this one. fied as "spires of distinction." These departments, selected for preferential In that year, Lany Laudan succeeded creation of the Center for Philosophy of Science at T he administration also gave some assurances for the future, treatment," ...would serve a two-fold Griinbaum as Director, after having the University of Pittsburgh. In 1960, momentous promising a major renovation of the Philosophy Department purpose of bringing prestige to d1e served briefly as an Associate Director events were occurring not only within the University, but also and the inauguration, wid1 Griinbaum as director, of a Center Urliversity and exemplifying a standard during Griinbaum's administration. In in the country at large. On the national front, the Cold War for Philosophy of Science, under whose aegis an annual of excellence for the guidance of all od1er July of iliat year, the Center was moved to was escalating and Americans watched as Russia lengthened lecture series would be offered to provide a 'showcase' of en­ Departments." This statement would Mervis Hall (now Thackeray Hall) where its lead in the space race. Civil rights sit-ins were being staged hanced visibility for d1e university's revitalized commitment prove prophetic, for already by d1e early it occupied rooms 618-622. Also in 1978, in the Soud1. And the end of d1at year brought d1e historic to philosophy." 1970s, national professional surveys rated Rachel Laudan was appointed Assistant presidential race in which John F. Ken­ Director of the Center, a position she As Peake himself reported, " ... I met the Department of Philosophy as one of nedy narrowly edged out Richard Nixon. continued to fill until she and Larry left briefly wid1 Chancellor Litchfield, and d1e top three departments in d1e country d1e University in 1981. Karla Goldman By 1960, the U Diversity of Pittsburgh told him about the plan, which he readily (along wid1 Princeton and Harvard), a replaced McMunn (who remained as was undergoing its own transformation. approved. An hour or so later I met with distinction it maintained for the next Griinbaum's secretary) as secreta1y for the Two years earlier, Chancellor Edward Adolf: d1e rest is history. Technically Adolf quarter century. In 1995, the Conference Larry Laudan Center. While Rachel Laudan performed Litchfield, in a landmark speech deliv­ was not appointed to the Center, for it Board of Associated Research Programs many of d1e administrative duties, Jarlis's ered on December 16, 1958, formally did not exist; it became an organizational completed an assessment of research-doctorate programs dealings with the Fellows became a major part of his role as announced the establishment of ten entity wid1 d1 e official confirmation of in d1e United States. The Department of Philosophy was Associate Director as the Fellows program attracted more A.W Mellon Professorships and Fellow­ his dual appointment. The 'Center' was, ranked second, and d1e Department of History and Philoso­ visitors, particularly in the physical sciences. With the en­ ships in the Academic Disciplines. Aca­ of course, just words: Adolf made them phy of Science (HPS) was ranked fifth in d1e nation among largement of d1e Visiting Fellows program in 1977-78, made demic Vice Chancellor Charles H . Peake real. ... " standard philosophy departments. Interestingly, HPS attained was charged with the responsibility of this high ranking despite the fact that it offers only a few of possible by the Scaife grant, d1e Lunchtime Colloquium was filling those chairs. This was to be an Taking Herbert Feigl's Minnesota Center the stanJarJ subspecialtics of philosophy. instiU1ted (see section titl ed Lunchtime Colloqt1ium). augury of the University of Pittsburgh's as his model, Griinbaum, as fow1ding di­ Meanwllile, the acquisition of external funding continued renaissance. rector of the newly created Center (initially During d1ese early years, the Center's size belied its academic called a "Program"), set about to build a strength. Operating out of Griinbaum's faculty office in the to be a high priority. Almost from d1e start, Dr. Bernard Peake had secured the advice of a board major research institute in philosophy of Cathedral of Learning, the Center was staffed by Elizabeili Kobosky, d1en Vice Chancellor for Public Affairs, had been of outside eminent scholars to advise science. Grunbaum quickly put in place an McMunn, whom Adolf had recruited in 1961 from her posi­ a vigorous advocate of d1e Center in his dealings wid1 local him on suitable occupants of the chairs annuallecn1re series, together wid1 a series tion as secretary of ilie Philosophy Department, and a succes­ foundations. Wid1 his vital help, a pivotal event occurred in in each of the ten fields in which the Adolf Grunbaum of volumes growing out of these lectures. sion of Associate Directors. Nicholas Rescher, who joined d1e 1980 when the Richard King Mellon Foundation awarded ilie professorships had been established. The In 1962, the University of Pittsburgh Press Department of Philosophy in 1961, became the Center's first first of three substantial operating grants to the Center, and Advisory Board had highly recommended Adolf Griinbaum, published the first volume of d1e University of Pittsburgh Associate Director in 1962. In 1975, AllenJanis, then at Lehigh University, for the chair in philosophy. Series in d1e Philosophy of Science, Frontiers of Science and who had been appointed to d1e Physics Department In 1962, the University of Pittsburgh Press As described by the editors in their preface to the 1993 Philosophy, edited by Robert G. Colodny, and based on ilie in 1957, began a 17 -year stint as Associate Director published the first volume of the University of Festschrift tided Philosophical P1'oblems of the Internal and 1960 Inaugural Annual Lecture Series. In 1965, Grunbaum until his official retirement from the University in Exte1'nal Wodds: Essays on the Philosophy ofA dolf GTiinbazmz: organized a workshop-conference on scientific d1eories, 1992, whereupon he was named ilie first and, to Pittsburgh Series in the Philosophy of Science. thereby launching the Center's tradition of sponsoring major date, only Fellow Emeritus of ilie Center. "In the fall of 1960, Adolf Griinbaum left Lehigh University conferences and workshops. Volume four of the University of to join the faculty of the University of Pittsburgh as Andrew The '70s were critical building years for tl1e Center. In 1974, d1e Sarah Scaife Foundation awarded a second grant. This Pittsburgh Series, The Natzwe and Function of Scientific Them'ies, Mellon Professor of Philosophy and as founding director of d1e Rudolf Carnap Collection was acquired, and this prompted infusion of money provided, for the first time, a modicum of emerged from dlis inaugural workshop-conference. the Center for Philosophy of Science. Ten professorships d1e creation of d1e Archives of Scientific Philosophy in d1e financial stability. The Visiting Fellows Program grew as the at d1e University of Pittsburgh had been endowed by the By dlis time, Grunbaum and d1e remarkable contingent of 20th Century at ilie University's Hillman Library. Then, in number of fellowships was increased, and so did the number A.W Mellon Foundation during d1e 1950's, and for an initial colleagues whom he had recruited were well on d1e way to 1977, ilie Center was awarded its first major grant by tl1e Sarah of conferences and workshops. The Archives of Scientific period these chairs were filled on a visiting basis. When d1e fulfilling Peake's hopes for building a world-class operation Scaife Foundation, which allowed tl1e appointment of ilie first Philosophy grew as well, wid1 d1e acquisition of the Hans time came to begin to fill these chairs on a permanent basis, in Philosophy and Philosophy of Science, and contributing Visiting Fellows. Until d1en, tl1e Annual Lecn1re Series and Reichenbach Collection in 1981. d1e then provost, Charles Peake, in what was to prove a bril­ its resultant publication series (ilie University of Pittsburgh to the renaissance of ilie U niversity. W idlln three years of When Laud an left ilie Urliversi ty of Pittsburgh in 1981, Re­ liant administrative move, took d1e bold step of offering the Series in ilie Philosophy of Science) and fundraising had been llis appointment, ilie Phil osophy Department was nationally scher replaced him as Director. Shortly tl1ereafter, ilie Center • • • I I I 9/29/60 Grunbaum presents the inaugural lecture of tlie Annual L:ecture Series, ~962 Nicholas Rescher is appointea as tlie first 1965 Grunl:iaum organizes the Center's first ma w icli is supported by a grant from the U.S. Steel Educational Foundation. Associate Director. worksliop, Scientific irheories. was relocated to the eighth floor of the "Konstanz Dialogues" witl1 a series of six in the Philosophy of Science, which held its first meeting in sored by the Bayer Foundation to be held at the Carnegie Cathedral of Learning, where it is now. lectures on the topic "A Philosopher of 1991 (see section titled Conferences and Workshops). Yet Science Center, was then organized in 1998 (see section Linda Butera, who had been Rescher's Science Examines Psychoanalysis." This another new series of volumes, The Pittsburgh-Konstanz titled Public Lecture Series). This attempt to bring philoso­ secretary while he was Chairman of the was to be a critical first step in the devel­ Series in the Philosophy and History of Science, published phy of science to the public at large is now in its fourth year, Philosophy Department, joined him as As­ opment of the Pittsburgh-Konstanz con­ jointly by the University of Pittsburgh Press and the Univer­ and it has been met with resounding success. Also in 1999 sistant to the Director. As the Center con­ nection. The Archives continued to grow sity of Konstanz, was launched. The holdings of the Archives tl1e Archives acquired a new major collection, the 'papers of tinued to grow, so did the administrative as well with tl1e acquisition of the papers continued to expand as well, with tl1e addition of the Wilfrid Carl Hempel. functions required to run it. To handle the of Frank P. Ramsey in 1982. In 1986, a Sellars Collection in 1991. A number of personnel changes were made during Lennox's increasing administrative burden, a second series of public lectures cosponsored witl1 In late 1992, the Center received a major gift, which assured tenure as Director. Laura Ruetsche, Rick Grush, and Rob Associate Director, Gerald Massey, was the Honors College was instituted (see its continued financial viability. At that time, Harvey E. Wag­ Clifton served as Associate Directors for a brief time. Paul appointed, while Janis continued as As­ section titled Public Lecture Series). ner, Chairman and Chief Executive ofTeknekron Corpora­ Griffiths, Sandra Mitchell, and Peter Machamer continue sociate Director. Generally,Janis chaired In July of 1988, Rescher resigned as tion, and his wife, Leslie, decided to create the first endow­ to serve in tl1at capacity. James Bogen was hired as Program the Membership Committee, which Director of the Center and was appointed ment of the Center with an initial $1 million gift. The gift Director (a new position created to assist with the burgeoning oversaw the appointment of new Resident its first Vice Chairman, a position he was given in honor of Griinbaum, who administrative responsibilities of the Fellows, and eventually of Associates (see continues to hold today. That same had been Wagner's philosophy of science Director) in 2001. section titled Resident Fellows and Associ­ year, Massey was appointed as Rescher's teacher at Lehigh University in the mid- ates); he was the primary liaison with the successor and began what was to become 1950s. In conveying the gift, Wagner said The end of the old millennium and start Archives, and handled daily interactions the longest tenure of any Director since Grunbaum was the "principal intellectual of the new one brought major change to with the Visiting Fellows. Massey was Nicholas Rescher 1978, spanning nine years. (Gri.inbaum influence" on his life and credited him the Center, primarily in the form of fund­ responsible for scheduling the Lunchtime had previously served as Director for 18 with giving him a "deep understanding ing. In 1999, tl1e Sarah Scaife Foundation Colloquium, regularized under Rescher's directorship, and years.) The burgeoning growth of the Center necessitated of science and an appreciation of its role awarded a grant to the Visiting Fellows organizing numerous conferences. further delegation of responsibility, and the number of in modern technology." Wagner added, program, its first since 1977. This has since been followed by an additional During the 1980s, the Center grew significantly in member­ Associate Directors and staff grew commensurately witl1 the "One encounters a teacher like Professor two grants in successive years. Then, ship. The aforementioned 1980 grants, along with a second increased number and scope of activities. Janis continued to Grunbaum only once in a lifetime-if in 2000, Chancellor Mark Norden berg substantial operating grant from the Richard King Mellon serve as Associate Director and was joined in this capacity by one is lucky." and Provost James Maher announced Foundation in 1984, resulted in further expansion of the John Earman and, later, Tamara Horowitz and John Norton, By this time, the Center's membership tl1e establishment of a second $1 million Visiting Fellows Program. Although the Resident Fellows each with a specific area of responsibility. Several new staff had expanded exponentially. The first an­ endowment for tl1e Center. As the year program had existed almost since the Center's inception, it members came to the Center during Massey's administration, nual Bulletin was printed in 1993, includ­ 2000 came to an end, the Center found was not until 1986 that the Associates Program was instituted including, in succession, Mary Connor (Assistant to the ing a directory of tl1e Center's members. itself on the firmest financial footing in its (see section titled Resident Fellows and Associates). The Director), Barbara Hill (Administrative Secreta1y), Joyce The Bulletin provides a much-needed 40-year history. following year, the first In-House Con­ McDonald (Administrative Secreta1y), and information channel concerning the ference was held, bringing together the Karen Kovalchick (Assistant Director). Fellows' and Associates' current research James Lennox As it celebrates its 40th anniversary, it membership (Visiting Fellows, Resident The Center's international dimension interests and tl1e Center's activities. now claims a membership of about 60 Fellows, and Associates) in one forum for flourished, an achievement marked by the Resident Fellows from more than 20 the first time. To help deal with the bur­ first meeting of the Fellowship in Oxford, In 1994, tl1e Center reached another international milestone departments, roughly 70 Associates from 25 institutions, and geoning administrative responsibilities England, in 1988 (see section titled when then Chancellor Dennis O'Connor signed Agreements 229 Visiting Fellows and Scholars from 34 countries. With tl1at accompanied this growth spurt, an Conferences and Workshops). Two years of Cooperation witl1 Rektor Petro Gemtos (University of the exception of Larry Laudan (currently Senior Investigator Advisory Board (see section titled later, at a ceremony held in Pittsburgh Atl1ens) and Rektor Nikolaos Markatos (National Technical at tl1e Institute for Philosophical Research in the National Advisory Board) was created in 1988 onJanumy 16, 1990, Chancellor Wesley University of Athens). The agreement stipulated tl1at, eve1y University of Mexico), all of tl1e former Directors remain at to provide tl1e Director with the advice Pasvar and Rektor Horst Sund signed an two years, an international symposium in tl1e History and the University of Pittsburgh. The Center chose to celebrate of a representative panel of colleagues in agreement of cooperation enabling the Philosophy of Science and Technology would be cosponsored its 40th anniversa1y in a way tl1at simultaneously focused the philosophy and history of science. It University of Pittsburgh to enter into an by tl1e three institutions. In recognition of Greece as tl1e birth­ attention on its oldest program, tl1e Annual Lecture Series, held its first meeting in May of tl1at year. archival collaboration with tl1e University place of Western philosophy, the symposia are always held in and on its most international program, tl1e Visiting Fellows Greece. The first such symposium was held in Delphi in May In 1983, tl1e Center also added of Konstanz in Germany (see section titled Program. Those invited to speak in the Lecture Series were of 1996 (see section titled Conferences and Workshops). The another publication series: tl1e Center Archives of Scientific Philosophy in tl1e distinguished former Fellows from eight of the 34 countries for Philosophy of Science Publications 20tl1 Century). The Center was joined Latsis Foundation, directed by Dr. Spiro]. Latsis, has been the that have been represented over the years. Lecturers were in Philosophy of Science, published by by Konstanz's Zentrum Philosophie und primmy financial sponsor of the three symposia held to date. asked to discuss tl1e development of philosophy of science in their countries and, where relevant, tl1e role of Center the University Press of America. In that Wissenschaftstheorie in cosponsoring tl1e In September of 1997, Massey relinquished the Directorship Gerald Massey Resident and Visiting Fellows in that development. same year, Griinbaum inaugurated the biennial Pittsburgh-Konstanz Colloquium to James Lennox. A new series of public lectures, cospon-

• • •• . . . question as to where the lecture was to be held-the Public Wesley C. Salmon Carl G. Hempel Brown University Princeton University Health School Auditorium (attractive but rather small) or "Foundations of Scientific "Recent Problems of Induction" Clapp Hall Auditorium (very large). Adolf insisted on Clapp Inference: October 14, 1964 I. The Problem of Induction, and Hall, raising the specter of a small elite gathering lost in II. Probability and Induction" Thomas Gold cavernous space. When we arrived, we found that almost March 5-6, 1963 Cornell University "Time" he Annual Lecture Series, the Center's longest­ eve1y seat was taken, and that people were beginning to sit in 1960-61 Philip Morrison 1963-64 October 28, 1964 the aisles and stand in the rear!" Cornell University running program, was established in 1960 by Adolf Adolf GrOnbaum "Cosmology Today: George Schlesinger George Wald University of Pittsburgh I. Th e Physics of the Large, and Grunbaum when he founded the Center. Papers delivered in the inaugural version of the Annual Australian National University Harvard University The "The Nature of Time" II. First and Last Things" (Australia) "The Origin of Death" Annual Lecture Series consists of original presentations by Lecture Series were published in 1962 by the University of September 29, 1960 November 15, 1961 "The Aim of Science" November 16, 1964 September 17, 1963 prominent figures in the fields of Pittsburgh Press as H'ontiers of Carl G. Hempel Paul K. Feyerabend Dudley Shapere philosophy and history of science, Science and Philosophy, the first Princeton University University of California, Berkeley Yehoshua Bar-Hillel University of Chicago " How to be a Good Empiricist" volume of the University of Pitts- I. "The Logic of Scientific Hebrew University, (Israel) "Meaning and Scientific Change: as well as in such closely related Exp lanation, and November 30, 1961 "I. Further Issues in the Logic of I. The Revolt Against Positivism, and fields as the sociology of science burgh Series in the Philosophy II. The Nature of Historical Explanation and Prediction, and II. Meanings, Methods and Ideals George Wald of Science, with a publication Explanation" II. Neorealism vs. Neopositivism-a in the Development of Science" and the rhetoric of science. October 26-27, 1960 Harvard University Neo-pseudo Issue?" December 7-8, 1964 From its inception, the series subvention from the National " The Origin of Life " October 1-2, 1963 9/28/60 Michael Scr iven December 4, 1961 has averaged six to eight lectures Science Foundation. Between Sylvain Bromberger Indiana University J.J. C. Smart University of Chicago each year, about three-quarters of 1962 and 1978, five more volumes "The Frontiers of Psycho logy: Norw ood R. Hanson University of Adelaide (Australia) "Explanation and Discovery" Philosophy Of Science I. Psychoana lysis and Indiana University "The Relation between the Physi­ January 13, 1965 which are given by philosophers, were published in this series, Parapsycho logy; and " Th e Law of Inertia: A Philoso­ THE t:nt'"University of Minnesota Quantum Mechanics " greeted the establishment of the December 8, 1960 ponents of Intellectual Culture" "Freedom and Knowledge: .\ceording to Dr; Adolpll (;runbawn, March 15, 1962 November 20-21,1963 Man vs. Computer" The inaugural edition of the who will head the program, the· series Is Lecture Series. Ernest Nagel March 18, 1965 Annual Lecture Series, which was dP.~igned to implement the belle! that Columbia University 1962-63 Michael Scriven "The Structure of Evo lutionary supported by a grant from the "phiiO!op.hy must draw on tho reo;ult-'1 ot A review of the speakers present­ Indiana University 1965-66 Exp lanations" Bri an Ellis "The Logic of Medicine: major !iclentific theori~ :md conl1"\but~ United States Steel Educational ing lectures since 1960 reads like January 24, 1961 University of M elbourne (Australi a) I. The Grip of Compulsion, Addic­ Hadley Cantril to the conceptual lnno~· atton5 wroug.ht uy Foundation, had an illustrious a veritable Who's Who in the " Th e Origin and Nature of tion, and Insanity, and Institute for International Social adva.n~ fn tbe Kiences. ., Ernst Caspari Newton 's Laws of Motion " II. The Power of Suggestion-the Research (Princeton, NJ) cast: Adolf Griinbaum, Carl G. philosophy and history of science. University of Rochester October 2-3, 1962 Placebo Effect" "Psychology and Scientific Hempel (two lectures), Michael Ob~iously, this is not mere cultural Ever since 1960, the Annual "On the Conceptual Basis of the December 11·12, 1963 Inquiry" i.."'th but a significant endeavor touching Biological Sciences" David Hawkins September 22, 1965 Scriven (two lectures), Wilfrid on rhe most fundamental of li!e. Lecture Series has been regarded February 28, 1961 University of Colorad o Herbert A. Simon questions " Philosophy and Cybernetics: Sellars (who was still at Yale at by as one of the most prestigious in Carnegie Institute of Technology Wesley C. Salmon The first talk. Dr. Grunbaum, will be on Pau l K. Feyerabend I. Th e Co ncept of Information: Old " Thinking by Computers" Indiana University the time), Ernest Nagel, Ernst '"The ~arure n! Time·· at 8:15 p. m. tomor· the field . University of Ca lifornia, Berkeley Wine in New Bottles, and January 15, 1964 "A Priori Knowledge" rf'w !n George Hubbard Clapp Hall. The "Philosophical Problems of the II. The Th ermodynamic View October 11, 1965 Caspari (biologist), and Paul K. Quantum Theory: ~;:riPs is open to the public and free of of Nature" Herbert A. Simon Feyerabend (two lectures). I. The Interpretation of the Oct ober 23-24, 1962 Carnegie Institute of Technology Israel Scheffler cnarg~. Uncertainty Re lations, and "Scientific Discovery and the Harvard University Griinbaum presented the first II. The Idea of Complementarity" Paul K. Feyerabend Psychology of Problem Solving" "Is Science Objective?: March 22-23, 196 1 Unive rsity of California, Berkeley February 12, 1964 Reflections on the History and lecture in the inaugural edition of " Language and Science: Is Epistemology of Science" the series: "The Nature of Time." 1961-62 Linguistic Analysis A Useful Henry Margenau November 3, 1965 Philosophica l Method ?" Yale University The talk, which received coverage by The Pittsburgh Press, A review of the speakers Nicholas Rescher November 13, 1962 "The Philosophical Legacy of Ernan McMullin met with resounding success. There was not a vacant chair University of Pi t tsburgh Quantum Theory" University of Notre Dame "The Ethica l Dimension of Frank D. Drake March 10, 1964 "Reflections on in the auditorium. In fact, one of Griinbaum's most distinct presenting lectures since Scientific Research" Natio nal Radio Astronomy Meta methodology" memories of that lecture is Jonas Salk sitting on the floor in September 28, 1961 Observatory 1964-65 February 15, 1966 1960 reads like a veritable " Life on Other Planets: front of him, having arrived too late to get a seat. Academic Herbert Feigl I. Pathways to Missing Statistical Wesley C. Salmon Paul K. Feyerabend Vice Chancellor Charles H . Peake, in later correspondence, University of Minnesota Data, and Indiana University University of California, Berkeley Who's Who in the philosophy "Reduction of Psycho logy to II. Th e Sea rch " "Inductive Inference in Science: "The Problem of the Existence of recalled the event: Neurophysiology?" November 29, 1962 I. Hypothetico-Deductive Argu· Theoretical Entities: and history of science. October 23, 196 1 ments, and I. Philosophical and Historical "The first lecture of the now famous lecture series in the Derek J. De So li a Pri ce II. Plausibility Arguments" Facets of the Problem, and Ya le University September 3D-October 1, 1964 II. Physical Aspects of the philosophy of science was to be given by Adolf ("The Nature "Why Does Science Cumulate ?" Problem" of Time"), and I was to introduce him. There was a serious February 12, 1963 March 15-16, 1966

...... Richard S. Rudner Roger C. Buck Kenneth Schaffner Peter Achinstein 1971-72 M.J.S. Hodge John A. Winnie Wesley C. Salmon Washington University Indiana University University of Chicago The Johns Hopkins University Unive rsity of Pittsburgh Indiana University University of Arizona "Formal and Evaluational Factors "Empirical Continuity" "Explanation and Reduction in "The Role of Inference in the Wes ley C. Salmon "Explanatory Ideals and Practices "Length-contraction and Time- "A Third Dogma of Empiricism" in the Logic of Induction " November 6, 1967 Biology" Discovery and Justification of Indiana University in Current Evolutionary Theory" dilation in Special Relativity" October 15, 1975 March 30, 1966 February 26, 1969 Scientific Laws" "A New Model of Statistical November 2, 1972 March 20, 1974 George Schlesinger March 18, 1970 Explanation in Science" Irwin Savodnik Morton Beckner Univers ity of North Carolina David Finkelstein September 30, 1971 Ronald N. Giere 1974-75 University of Pittsburgh Pomona College "The Rate of Time-Flow" Yeshiva University Clifford A. Hooker Indiana University "Is Undergoing Psychoanalysis " Non-Deductive Logic" December 4, 1967 "The Physics of Logic" York University (Ontario, Canada) Herbert Feigl "The Logic and Epistemology of James J. Gibson Essential for the Appraisal of May 9, 1966 March 17, 1969 "The Nature of Quantum Reality: University of Minnesota Statistical Inference" Cornell University Psychoanalytic Theory?" R. Duncan Luce Einstein Against Bohr" "Crucial Issues of Mind-Body November 16, 1972 "An Alternative to the Classical November 18, 1975 1966-67 University of Pennsylvania Howard Stein March 24, 1970 Monism" Theories of Perception" "Theories of Fundamental Mea- Case Western Reserve University October 12, 1971 J. Alberto Coffa October 1, 1974 Engelbert L. Schuckling Michael Scriven surement" "On the Conceptual Structure of 1970-71 Indiana University New York University Indiana University January 15, 1968 Quantum Mechanics" Robert E. Butts "Are There Inductive Michael Ruse "Astronomy and Astrology: "Skeletons in the Scientific Closet: April1, 1969 Martin Klein University of Western Ontario Explanations?" University of Guelph The Heavenly Twins " I. Value Judgments in Science, and R.C. Lewontin Yale University (Canada) January 11, 1973 (Canada) December 4, 1975 Abner Shimony II. Insight and Understanding Univers ity of Chicago "Mechanistic Explanation at the "Consilience of Inductions and " Is Biology Different from Physics? " Boston University in Science" "The Idea of Evolution " End of the Nineteenth Century" the Problem of Conceptual Carl G. Hempel October 22, 197 4 J. Alberto Coffa "Observation, Common Sense and September 26-27, 1966 February 12, 1968 October 6, 1970 Change in Science" Princeton University Indiana University Scientific Theories" October 27, 1971 "The Empiricist Construal of Paul Lazarsfeld "The Sources of Conventionalism Carl G. Hempel Hans Aarsleff May 19, 1969 Sti llman Drake Scientific Theories: University of Pittsburgh in 19th Century Geometry" Princeton University Princeton University Institute for History and Philoso- Arthur Fine Its Rationale and Its Difficulties" "Casual Analysis of January 22, 1976 "Aspects of Scientific Theorizing " "The Concept of Universal 1969-70 phy of Science and Technology Cornell University February 22, 1973 Non-Experimental Data " October 11, 1966 Grammar in the 18th Century (Canada) "Meaning and Approximation" November 20, 1974 Herbert A. Simon and Today" Mary Hesse "Medieval and Galilean Concepts November 11, 1971 Adolf Grunbaum Carnegie Mellon University Mary Hesse March 4, 1968 University of Cambridge (England) in Physics" University of Pittsburgh Peter K. Machamer "Scientific Discovery: Random Univers ity of Cambridge (England) "Empiricism, Idealism and Theo- October 15, 1970 David Hull " The Demarcation Between Ohio State University Search or Reasoned Search?" "Theory and Observation: Peter J. Caws retical Science" University of Chicago Science and Non-Science " Explanations and Final Causes" February 11 , 1976 Is There an Independent Hunter College September 16, 1969 I m re Lakatos "Charles Darwin and 19th Century in Karl Popper's Philosophy December 3, 1974 Observation Language?" "The Logical and the Empirical" London School of Economics Philosophies of Science" of Science" Stephen Toulmin October 17,1966 April 1, 1968 Im re Lakatos (England) January 24, 1972 March 26, 1973 ian Mitroff University of Chicago London School of Economics " The Truth of Science: Beyond "The History of Science and Its 1973-74 University of Pittsburgh Peter Achinstein Wilfrid Sellars (England) Rational Reconstruction" Philip Quinn " The Philosophy of Research and Realism and Instrumentalism " University of Pittsburgh "Falsificationism: The Meth- Brown University the Social Psychology of Research" March 10, 1976 The Johns Hopkins University October 27, 1970 Peter Achinstein "A Medley of Models in the " Is There an Inductive Logic?" odology of Scientific Research " Linguistic and Scientific January 15, 1975 May 6, 1968 Programs" Conventionalism: The Johns Hopkins University Noretta Kbertge Sciences" Edward Grant " The Object of Explanation" November 7, 1966 October 7, 1969 Quine's Variant of a Duhemian Michael R. Gardner Indiana University Indiana University October 11, 1973 1968-69 "Void Space in Medieval Physics Doctrine" University of Maryland "The Role of Theories of Thomas Goudge Leonard J. Savage February 10, 1972 "Complementarity and Scientific Method in the and Cosmology" C. West Churchman Arthur Fine Yale University Instrumentalism" Scientific Revolution" University of Toronto (Canada) November 10, 1970 University of California, Berkeley "Ethics and Evolution: Corne ll University " The Shifting Foundations of Paul Fitzgerald February 4, 1975 April 7, 1976 "Some Conceptual Problems of Statistics" University of Pennsylvania "Theory of Evidence in the Deci- A Reappraisal" Joseph Agassi sion Sciences" November 28, 1966 Quantum Theory" October 22, 1969 "Science, Perception and Time: Clark Gl ymour Boston University November 15, 1973 1976-77 September 30, 1968 "Logic of Scientific Inquiry" What's to Become of Absolute Princeton University Norwood R. Hanson Wesley C. Salmon Becoming?" "Physics and Evidence " Rom Harre November 24, 1970 John Stachel Gerald Feinberg Indiana University March 1, 1972 Linacre College, University of Yale Unive rsity Boston University February 26, 1975 "An Anatomy of Discovery" Columbia University "Scientific Evidence and the Oxford (England) I.B .Cohen " How Logical is Quantum Logic, "The Philosophical Consequences Existence of God" Benjamin Nelson " The Linguistic Analogy in the December 5, 1966 Harvard University Or Do Quanta Need a New Logic?" Isaac Levi of Contemporary Particle Physics" November 4, 1969 New School for Social Research Columbia University Social Sciences, Its Strengths "The Rise of the Statistical Point November 28, 1973 Robert Efron, MD October 28, 1968 " Between East and West: Science, "I. Direct Inference from Statistical and Its Limits" Thomas S. Kuhn of View Regarding Science, Man V.A. Hospital (Boston, MA) Civilizations and Consciences" Hypotheses, and October 4, 1976 Princeton University and Society" Robert Westman " Biology Without Conscious- Michael Scriven March 13, 1972 II. Knowledge: Fallibility vs. "Scientific Knowledge: Its Ele- January 12, 1971 University of California, Los ness-and Its Consequences" University of California, Berkeley Corrigibility" David Malament ments and Its Acquisition" Angeles February 27, 1967 "An Information-Theoretical Ap- Ernest Nagel March 11-12,1975 University of Chicago J. E. McGuire " Rational and Irrational Aspects proach to the Nature of Science" November 20, 1969 Co lumbia University " Does the Causal Structure of Spa- Leeds Univers ity (England) of Theory Choice: Dudley Shapere November 20, 1968 " On Prescriptions for the Growth Marx W. Wartofsky cetime Determine Its Geometry?" Bas van Fraassen "Theology and the Laws of The Wittenberg Interpretation of Knowledge" October 14, 1976 University of Chicago University of Toronto (Canada) Motion" of the Copernican Theory" Boston University "Matter, Space and Mary Hesse March 23, 1972 "History of Science as Philosophy "A Formal Approach to the February 23, 1971 January 16, 1974 University of Cambridge (England) Eugene P. Wigner Understanding" Philosophy of Science" of Science: "Theoretical Science and a New Towards an Historical Princeton University May 8, 1967 January 22, 1970 Maurice Mandelbaum 1972-73 Abner Shimony Empiricism " Epistemology of Science " " The Future of Science" The Johns Hopkins University Boston University November 26, 1968 Loren R. Graham March 25, 1975 November 9, 1976 Frederick J. Crosson Larry Laudan "Psychology and Societal Facts" " The Propensity Interpretation University of Notre Dame Columbia University University of Pittsburgh March 4, 1971 of Probability" "The Simulation of Human Wesley C. Salmon "From Testability to Meaning and "Science and Philosophical 1975-76 Bas van Fraassen Indiana University February 7, 1974 University of Toronto (Canada) Experience by Computers" Back Again: Ernan McMullin Materialism in the Soviet Union" May 17, 1967 "A Contemporary Look at Zeno's Th e Evolution of Concepts of Veri- University of Notre Dame September 28, 1972 George Schlesinger "Probability in Physical Theory: Paradoxes" Dudley Shapere An Interpretation" fication and Testing 1765-1936" " Metaphysics and Scientific University of North Carolina January 20, 1969 University of Illinois, Urbana November 30, 1976 1967-68 February 3, 1970 Change" John E. Murdoch "Reason and the Scientific "The Difference Between People Harvard University March 23, 1971 Enterprise" and Mindless Machines" Stephen Barker " Late Medieval Science and John Earman Hilary Putnam James G. Greeno February 21, 1974 October 1, 1975 Harva rd University The Johns Hopkins University University of Michigan Late Medieval Philosophy: University of Minnesota "Empiricism and Mathematics" "The Distinction Between Indue- " Technical and Informal Theories The Significance of their " Towards a New Theory of October 2, 1967 tion and Deduction" About Mental Entities" Effective Equivalence" Causation" February 17, 1969 February 25, 1970 October 16, 1972 January 20, 1977

• I 1981 Ttie Archives of Scientific Pliilosoptiy in ttie 20tli Century ac~uires the l=)al=)ers of Hans Reichenbach. .. . - ..... 11 I

Ernest Nagel Teddy Seidenfeld Erhard Scheibe Wesley C. Salmon William Lycan Bas van Fraassen 1987-88 James Lennox Columbia University University of Pittsburgh University of G6ttingen (Germany) University of Pittsburgh University of North Carolina Princeton University University of Pittsburgh "Functional Explanations "Statistical Relevance and the "The Comparison of Physical "Arguments on Atomism: "Conservatism and the Data Base " "Symmetry and Probability" Wilfrid Sellars " Darwinian Thought Experiments: in Biology" Design of Experiments" Theories " Philosophers vs. Scientists, November 15, 1983 November 12, 1985 University of Pittsburgh A Function for Just-So Stories?" February 16, 1977 January 9, 1979 March 18, 1980 Then and Now" "Induction as Vindication: January 31, 1989 February 16, 1982 Robert Brandom Gerald Massey Revisited" James G. Greeno Brian Skyrms John Stachel University of Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh September 18, 1987 John Earman University of Pittsburgh University of illinois Boston University H. Tristram Englehardt Jr. "Varieties of Understa nding" "Genetic Inference" University of Pittsburgh "Semantics of Actions and their "Causa lity and lnvariance " "Einstein and the Quantum: Georgetown University January 17, 1984 December 3, 1985 Roger Penrose " The Problems of Old Evidence" Descriptions" January 23, 1979 50 Years of Struggle" "The Development of Modern Oxford University/Rice University February 23, 1989 March 7, 1977 April1, 1980 Concepts of Disease" John Haugeland Adolf Grunbaum "Mathematical Reality and the Alasdair Macintyre March 9, 1982 University of Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh Physical World" Joseph Sneed Hartry Field Boston University 1980-81 "Topics in Artificial Intelligence" "Psychoanalysis and October 9, 1987 Colorado School of Mines Princeton University "Causes, Reasons, Roles, and Alexander Rosenberg February 21, 1984 Religion-Part I" "What Kinds of Laws are " Confirmation and Probability" Narratives" Paul Thagard Syracuse University January 21, 1986 Thomas Kuhn Worth Discovering?" March 24, 1977 February 8, 1979 University of Michigan "Sociobiology and Social Science" Jerry Fodor Massachusetts Institute of March 17, 1989 "Scientific Theories as Frame March 30, 1982 Massachusetts Institute of Adolf Grunbaum Technology 1977-78 Lawrence Sklar Systems" Technology University of Pittsburgh " Possible Worlds in the History Nelson Goodman University of Michigan September 30, 1980 1982-83 "Controversies About Mental "Psychoanalysis and of Science: A Discussion" Harvard University Peter Ach i nste in "Entropy and Explanation " Representation" Religion-Part II " October 29, 1987 "What of Science with the The Johns Hopkins University February 26, 1979 Jan Hacking Rom Harre March 20, 1984 February 11, 1986 World Gone?" "Can There be a Model of Stanford University Linacre College, University of Hartry Field April11, 1989 Explanation?" Adolf Grunbaum " The Erosion of Determinism" Oxford (England) Jay Rosenberg Merrilee Salmon University of California, Los September 19, 1977 University of Pittsburgh October 21, 1980 "Theory-families and Lenin's Argu­ University of North Carolina University of Pittsburgh Angeles 1989-90 "Ep istemological Liabilities of ment for Realism" "Science and the Epistemic "Function and Style: A Problem "Physicalism" John Earman the Clinical Appraisal of Edward Erwin September 28, 1982 Authority of Logical Analysis" for Archaeological Explanation" December 4,1987 David Armstrong University of Minnesota Psychoanalytic Theory" University of Miami April17,1984 March 18, 1986 University of Sydney (Australia) " The Pursuit of Generalized March 13, 1979 "Cognitivism and Behaviorism in John Leslie Nuel Belnap "Singular Causes and Laws Relativity Principles: Clinical Psychology" University of Guelph 1984-85 Nicholas Rescher University of Pittsburgh of Nature" Some History and Some Analysis" Frederick Suppe November 25, 1980 (Canada) University of Pittsburgh "Declaratives Are Not Enough " September 22, 1989 October 17, 1977 University of Maryland "Cosmo logy, Probability, and the L. Jonathan Cohen "The Intelligibility of Nature" February 3, 1988 "Scientific Realism" Bas van Fraassen Need to Explain Life" Queens College, University of April1, 1986 Arthur Fine Morris N. Eagle March 27, 1979 University of Toronto (Canada) October 26, 1982 Oxford (England) Noam Chomsky University of California, York University (Canada) "A Theory of Scientific Theories" "Is There a Base-Rate Fallacy? " 1986-87 Massachusetts Institute of Los Angeles "A Critical Examination of 1979-80 December 9, 1980 Larry Laudan September 25, 1984 Technology "Statistical Causality and Holism Motivational Explanation in University of Pittsburgh Frank Sulloway " Language and Its Use: in the Interpretation of Quantum Psychoanalysis" David Hull Peter Havas "Scientific Change and Value Kenneth Schaffner Harvard University A Rule-Free Perspective" Mechanics" November 15, 1977 University of Wisconsin Temple University Change " University of Pittsburgh "Birth Order and Scientific February 24, 1988 October 20, 1989 " Units of Selection" " lntertheory Relations­ November 16, 1982 "Causation in Science and the Revolutions" Carl G. Hempel September 25, 1979 Formalisms and Physics" Law" October 8, 1986 Hilary Putnam Geoffrey Hellman University of Pittsburgh March 10,1981 W. Newton Smith October 23, 1984 Harvard University University of Minnesota "Analytic vs. Pragmatic Perspec­ Clark Glymour Balliol College, Oxford University Michael Friedman "Why Funtionalism Didn't Work" "Never Say 'Never': On the tives on Scientific Rationality" University of Illinois Dudley Shapere (England) Mario Bunge University of Illinois March 2,1988 Relation Between lntuitionistic February 7, 1978 "Conceptual Scheming" University of Maryland "Explanation and Truth " McGill University (Canada) "Philosophy and the Exact and Classical Mathematics" October 9, 1979 " Presupposition, Reason, and December 6, 1982 "Mind and Brain" Sciences: Richard Grandy November 30, 1989 Michael S. Moore the Quest for Knowledge" November 13, 1984 Logical Positivism as a Case Study" Rice University University of Southern Gerald Doppelt March 31, 1981 David Gauthier November 13, 1986 "Theories of Theories: A Perspec­ John McDowell California University of California, San Diego University of Pittsburgh Aron Edidin tive from Cognitive Science" University of Pittsburgh "The Nature of Psychoanalytical " Pragmatism and Scientific Patrick Suppes "Rational Choice and Morality" University of Oxford (England) Joseph L. Camp Jr. April 14, 1988 "Knowledge and the Internal" Explanation" Rationality" Stanford University February 1, 1983 "Peirce Meets Kuhn: Truth With­ University of Pittsburgh January 18, 1990 March 27, 1978 November 6, 1979 "Causa lity and Rationality" out Verification" " Laws and Subjectivity" 1988-89 April 7, 1981 Philip Kitcher February 26, 1985 January 14, 1987 Jeremy Sabloff 1978-79 Ernan McMullin Harvard University Richard Boyd University of Pittsburgh University of Notre Dame 1981-82 "Darwin's Achievement" Alvin Roth Bruce G. Buchanan Cornell University "The Collapse of Classic Maya Richard Burian "The Aims of Science" March 15, 1983 University of Pittsb urgh Stanford University " Realism, Constructivism, and Civilization: Changing Scientific Drexel University December 4, 1979 John Passmore " Laboratory Experimentation in "AI Research and Scientific Philosophical Method" Perspectives" "How Not to Talk About Australian National University Robert E. Butts Economics" Methodology" September 27, 1988 February 15, 1990 Conceptual Change in Science" Kenneth Schaffner (Australia) University of Western Ontario March 19, 1985 January 28, 1987 September 26, 1978 University of Pittsburgh "The Relationship Between His­ (Canada) Clark Glymour Peter Railton "Exp lanation and Prediction in tory and Philosophy of Science" "A Purely Scientific Temper: Howard Smokier Diderik Batens Carnegie Mellon University University of Michigan Joseph Margolis the Biomedical Sciences: November 3, 1981 Victorian Expressions of the Ideal University of Colorado University of Ghent (Belgium) "Thoroughly Modern Meno" "Explanations Involving Temple University The Theoretical Structure of an Autonomous Science " "Studying Rationality" "Do We Need a Hierarchical October 19, 1988 Rationality" "Puzzles About the Causal of Disease " Wilfrid Sellars April 5,1983 April 2,1985 Model of Science?" March 16, 1990 Explanation of Human Action" February 26, 1980 University of Pittsburgh February 19, 1987 Nancy Cartwright October 17, 1978 "Some Reflections on Realism 1983-84 1985-86 Stanford University Philip Kitcher Daniel Dennett and Truth" Jaakko Hintikka "Laws, Causes, and Capacities" University of California, San Diego Lorenz Kruger Tufts University December 8, 1981 Jurgen Mittelstrass Brian Skyrms Florida State University November 18,1988 "Authority, Deference, and University of Bielefeld (Germany) "Beyond Belief: Propositional University of Konstanz (Germany) University of California, Irvine "The Concept of Induction in Individual Reasoning in Science" "Reduction without Attitudes, Sentential Attitudes, Abner Shimony "Scientific Rationality and Its "Degrees of Belief and Coherence the Light of the Interrogative Larry Laudan April13, 1990 Reductionism" Notional Attitudes" Boston University Reconstruction " Epistemology" Model of Inquiry" University of Hawaii, Manoa November 14, 1978 March 11 -12, 1980 "An Adamite Derivation of October 4, 1983 October 8, 1985 Apri I 8, 1987 "Come What May? The Limits the Axioms of Probability of Underdetermination" And Other Reconsiderations January 6, 1989 on Inductive Logic" January 12, 1982

.- . - . - . . 1990-91 Peter Galison J. Michael Dunn Peter K. Machamer Mary Louise Gill 1998-99 Stanford University Indiana University University of Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh Rob Clifton 2001-02 David Hull "Artificial Reality: "Re levant Predication: "The Scientific Revolution, Mod­ "The Limits of Teleology: Mordechai Feingold University of Pittsburgh Giora Hen Northwestern University Computer Simulations Between A Logical Framework for ern Philosophy; and Capitalism" Aristotle's Meteorologv IV.12" Virginia Polytechnic Institute "On the Alleged Lack of Peaceful , U n.iversity of Haifa (Israel) "Testing Philosophies of Science" Experiment and Theory" Natural Properties" March 17, 1995 November 15, 1996 and State Universi ty Coexistence between Relativity September 14, 1990 March 20, 1992 October 15, 1993 and the Quantum" Pavmg Ways-The Pittsburgh " Mathematicians and Center for Philosophy of Science Allan Franklin Michael Mahoney February 18, 2000 Naturalists: Isaac Newton and the and the Case o_f Philosophy of Daniel Garber David Albert Teddy Seidenfeld University of Colorado, Boulder Princeton University Nature of the Royal Society" Soence tn Israel" University of Chicago Columbia University Carnegie Mellon University " The Disappearing Particle: " The Structure of Computation: Lindley Darden September 25, 1998 October 11 , 2001 "How Experiments Began" "About the Possibility of "P's in a Pod: Some Recipes for The Case of the 17-keV Neutrino" The Origins of Theoretical Univers ity of Maryland November 16, 1990 Representing The World with Cooking Mendel's Data " April14, 1995 Computer Science" "Discovering Mechanisms" Robert Cummins Gereon Wolters Quantum States" January 14, 1994 February 14, 1997 March 17, 2000 University of California, Davis University of Konstanz (Germany) Dana Scott April 10, 1992 1995-96 "Systematicity II" Jeffrey Bub Bas van Fraassen . "Uneasy Homecoming: Carnegie Mellon University November 20, 1998 James Woodward Philosophy of Science in Germany" "Symbolic Computation in University of Maryland Princeton University California Institute of Technology 1992-93 Tim Maudlin November 15, 2001 Teaching and Research" "Schr6dinger's Cat and Other Rutgers University "Manifest and Scientific Image: Joseph Rouse "Explanation and In variance in Entanglements of Quantum A Critique" December 7, 1990 Bernard Goldstein "Why Be Humean ?" Wesleyan University the Special Sciences" Aristides Baltas University of Pittsburgh Mechanics" September 15, 1995 April 18, 1997 "Scientific Practices and April14, 2000 February 11, 1994 National Technical University of John Norton "What's New in Kepler's New Philosophical Naturalism" Athens (Greece) University of Pittsburgh Astronomv?" Isaac Levi 1997-98 December 11, 1998 2000-2001 "The Pittsburgh Center for "Why Bayesianism Works" September 18, 1992 Ned Block Columbia University Massachusetts Inst itute of Philosophy of Science: January 18, 1991 " Two Kinds of Nonmonotonic ltamar Pitowsky Tamara Horowitz William Wimsatt Privileged Vehicle for the Return William Harper Technology Reasoning" Hebrew University (Israel) University of Pittsburgh University of Chicago "What Can Neuropsychology of Philosophy to Greece" Fred D retske University of Western Ontario October 13, 1995 "Quantum Logic and "An 'lntuitionistic' Element in "Evolution Meets Development: December 6, 2001 Stanford University (Canada) Tell Us About the Function Indeterminacy" Practical Reasoning" The Case of Cultural Evolution" "Psychological vs. Biological "Phenomena and Theory: of Consciousness?" Jed Buchwald October 17, 1997 January 29, 1999 October 13, 2000 March 4, 1994 Barbara Tuchanska Explanations of Behavior" Isaac Newton and the Philosophy Dibner Institute, Massachusetts University of Lodz (Poland) February 22, 1991 of Science" Institute of Technology Frans de Waal Lawrence Sklar Lisa Downing "Philosophy of Science in Poland: October 16, 1992 Lorraine Daston " The Origins of Practical Micro­ Emory University and Yerkes University of Michigan University of Illinois University of Chicago From Lvov to Pittsburgh" Linda Wessels physics" Regional Primate Research Center " Idealization and Realism about "Metaphysics, Mechanism, January 17, 2002 Indiana University John Winnie "A History of Scientific November 17, 1995 "Anthropomorphism and Theories" and Newtonianism" Objectivities" "The Preparation Problem Indiana University Anthropodenial: Consistency in March 19, 1999 November 10, 2000 Victor Rodriguez April 15, 1994 in Quantum Mechanics" "Science without Understanding: Lynn Joy Our Thinking about Humans and National University of Cordoba March 15, 1991 Computational Models of Nature" Duke University Other Animals" George Coyne, SJ Mark Wilson (Argentina) December 4, 1992 1994-95 "Foucault and the Naturalistic December 5, 1997 Vatican Observatory and Univer­ University of Pittsburgh "Science and Culture in the Far Paul Humphreys Conception of Power" sity of Arizona "When Words Go Wrong" South: Views from Argentina" University of Virginia Daniel Everett Martha Farah December 8, 1995 John Lyne "Galilee, the Myth and Recent December 1, 2000 February 14, 2002 "Explanatory Knowledge" University of Pittsburgh University of Pennsylvania University of Pittsburgh Attempts by the Church April 5, 1991 "Cognition, Discourse, and the "Neural Correlates of Robert Batterman "The Rhetorical Deployment of to Dispel It" Miriam Solomon Soshichi Uchii Theory of Grammar" Perception and Awareness: Ohio State University Meaning: What Does it Mean for April16, 1999 Temple University Kyoto University (Japan) 1991-92 January 15, 1993 Evidence from Brain-Damaged '"Into a Mist': Asymptotic Theories Reference?" "Consensus in Science" "Is Philosophy of Science Alive in Humans" on a Caustic " January 23, 1998 1999-2000 January 19, 2001 the East? A Report from Japan" Sandy Zabel I Don Howard September 16, 1994 January 19, 1996 March 14, 2002 Northwestern University University of Kentucky Martha Pollack Ernan McMullin Steven Awodey "The Exchange Paradox" "A Peek behind the Veil of Maya: Deborah Mayo Herbert Simon University of Pittsburgh University of Notre Dame Carnegie Mellon University John Worrall September 12, 1991 The Historical Background of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and Carnegie Mellon University "Rationality and Planning: "Newton's Place in the Philosophy "Continuity and Logical London School of Economics the Conception of Space as a State University "Thinking: The Roles of Logic, A Computational Perspective " of Science" Completeness" (England) Frederick Suppe Ground for the Individuation "Duhem 's Problem, the Bayesian Language and Pictures in February 20, 1998 October 1, 1999 February 9, 2001 "A Bridge Over Troubled Cultures: University of Maryland of Physical Systems" Way; and Error Statistics" Inference" Philosophy of Science in Britain" "Science Without Induction" February 12, 1993 November 18, 1994 February 9, 1996 Alison Wylie Patrick Suppes Dale Jamieson April 11, 2002 October 18, 1991 University of Western Ontario Stanford University Carleton College R.I.G. Hughes Elizabeth Lloyd Robert Olby (Canada) "Brain Computations and Mental "The Rise of Earth System Science: Alessandro Pagnini Henry Krips University of South Carolina University of California, Berkeley University of Pittsburgh "Philosophy from the Ground Up: Concepts: An Inevitable Conflict" Biogeochemical Models Meet University of Florence (Italy) University of Pittsburgh "The Disunity of Physics" "Objectivity and Pragmatism" " From the Retina to the Brain: The Essential Disunity of November 12, 1999 the Social Sciences" "Philosophy of Science in Italy: "Rhetoric, Ideology; and the March 19, 1993 December 16, 1994 The Career of Single-Cell Archeological Practice" March 16, 2001 The Epistemology of Psychoanaly­ Text of Science" Recording" March 20, 1998 Patricia Churchland sis as a Case Study" December 6, 1991 Elizabeth Lloyd Steven Gaulin March 22, 1996 University of California, San Diego Jeremy Butterfield May 2, 2002 University of California, Berkeley University of Pittsburgh David Lindberg "Ten Core Problems in All Souls College, University Elliott Sober "Science and Social Knowledge: "Prospects for a Darwinian Noretta Koertge University of Wisconsin Neuroscience" of Oxford (England) Unive rsity of Wisconsin The Construction of Human Social Science: Indiana University " How Empirical Was Medieval December 3, 1999 "A Topos Perspective on "Why Evolution May Have Made Beings" Uses, Limits and Extensions "Scientific Virtue and the Problem Science?" Quantum Theory" Us Psychological Altruists" April16, 1993 of Animal Models" of Value-Ladenness" April 17, 1998 Kevin Kelly April 20, 2001 January 10, 1992 January 20, 1995 April12, 1996 Carnegie Mellon University 1993-94 "Naturalism Logicized or Fritz Ringer Mario Biagioli 1996-97 How to Do Things with an University of Pittsburgh Carlo Rovelli University of California, Infinite Regress" "Ideologies of Education and University of Pittsburgh Los Angeles Susan Ha ack January 21, 2000 Science: France ca. 1900 in "What Does Present Day Physics "Ga lileo, Scheiner, and the Role University of Miami Comparative Perspective" Tell Us about Space and Time?" of Visual Evidence in the Dispute "Science as Social?-Yes and No" February 14, 1992 September 17, 1993 on Sunspots, 1611-1613" October 18, 1996 February 10, 1995

• I 514/88 Tne Center's Aavisory Boara is createa and its first meeting is nela. - .. . • • • . • ~:•:.~~~o·:lo3.:1:£J Center. Fellowships continued to be awarded to Fellows, 1986-87 Walter Moess, University of but in the form of supplemental stipends to help cover the Diderik Batens, University of Ghent, Onasbruck, Germany Belgium Bengt Molander, University of costs of relocation, rather than as full fellowships. This Aldo Bressan, University of Padova, Uppsala, Sweden change allowed the same amount of funding to be used to Italy R.M. O'Donnell, MacQuarie James Child, Bowling Green State University, Australia support a greater number of individuals. As a result, the University Howard Smokier, University of number of Fellows visiting each year doubled. Wilhelm Essler, University of Colorado he Visiting Fellows program, internationally 1977 1983-84 Frankfurt, Germany Werner Stelzner, Friedrich-Schiller probably the most visible component of the The international scope of the Visiting Fellows program Joachim Pfarr, University of Koln, Nancy Cartwright, Stanford University John Forge, Griffith University, University, Germany Germany Richard Healey, University of Australia Manfred Stockier, University of Center, has come to be regarded as a Mecca for expanded when the fellowships began to be publicized in California, Los Angeles John Haldane, University of St. Heidelberg, Germany T: Andrews, Scotland philosophers of science. The Center's own resources, along professional journals with an international readership, and 1977-78 Paul Humphreys, University of Virginia Richard Heinrich, University of Peter Clark, London School of 1989-90 with its close ties to the Department of History and Philoso­ as former Fellows rose to prominence in the field. In June of Vienna, Austria Economics, England David Malament, University of Kisor Chakrabarti, Calcutta University phy of Science and the Department of Philosophy, enable it 1988, the first meeting of what was to become a quadrennial Chicago Danielle Jacquart, France India ' 1978-79 to provide a unique environment for philosophical research series of international meetings of the Center's fellowship Diego Marconi, University of Torino, Scott Kleiner, University of Georgia Richard Creath, Arizona State Martha Bolton, Douglas College, Italy Ronald Laymon, Ohio State University University University of Rutgers and reflection. was held in Oxford, England. There have now been four John Norton, Australia Kenneth Lucey, Fredonia State Maria Carla Galavotti, University of such conferences, the most recent being the one held in San Yalcin Koc, Bogazici University, Turkey Roberto Toretti, University of Puerto University Bologna, Italy Since the inception of its Visiting Fellows program in 1977, Lorenz Kruger, University of Bielefeld, Rico, Puerto Rico Ulrich Majer, Georg August Aharon Kantorovich, Tel Aviv Carlos de Bariloche in June 2000 (see section titled Confer­ Germany the Center for Philosophy of Science has been host to about Paul Weingartner, University of University, Germany University, Israel ences and Workshops). Ernan McMullin, University of Notre Salzburg, Austria Barry Maund, University of West Henry Krips, University of Melbourne, 200 philosophers, historians, and scientists from around Dame Australia, Australia Australia the globe. Visiting Fellows have come to the Center from During the late 1980s, the program was further enlarged 1984-85 Helmut Pape, University of Freiburg, Hans Peter Kruger, Academy of 1979-80 Germany Sciences of the G.D.R., Germany Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, with the development of a new category of visitors, the Vis-. Robert Almeder, Georgia State Clark Glymour, University of Illinois, University Lothar Schafer, University of Jean Pierre Marquis, McGill Hamburg, Germany University, Canada Canada, China, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, iring Scholars. Unlike Visiting Fellows, who are admitted on Chicago Circle Aristides Baltas, National Technical Andrew Lugg, University of Ottawa, University of Athens, Greece Deborah Mayo, Virginia Polytechnic Greece, Hungary, Iceland, India, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, a competitive basis and receive stipends, the Visiting Schol­ Institute and State University Canada Jean Paul van Bendegem, 1987-88 Storrs McCall, McGill University, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, Puerto Rico, Russia, ars receive no stipends but are provided with all the otl1er Ernan McMullin, University of Notre University of Ghent, Belgium Myrdene Anderson, Purdue University Dame Canada Michael Dunn, University of Indiana William Bechtel, Georgia State Serbia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Helmut Pape, University of Freiburg, Erhard Scheibe, University of Paul Humphreys, University of Virginia University Turkey, and the United Kingdom, Gottingen, Germany Germany Since 1977, the Center has been host to about John Kekes, State University of New Robert Butts, University of Western Beth Preston, Boston University as well as from the United States. Steve Wykstra, University of Tulsa York Ontario, Canada Yehuda Rav, University of Paris, Klaus Mainzer, University of Richard Healey, University of France 200 philosophers, historians, and scientists from Konstanz, Germany, California, Los Angeles Initially funded through the 1980-81 Sam Richmond, Cleveland State Alberto Coffa, Indiana University Jurgen Mittelstrass, University of Anne Hiskes, University of Connecticut University Center's first major grant from the around the globe. Konstanz, Germany Linda Wessels, Indiana University Paul Hoyningen·Huene, University of Marek Tokarz, University of Silesia, Sarah Scaife Foundation in 1977, Linda Patrik, Union College Zurich, Switzerland Poland the Visiting Fellows program began quite modestly with amenities that Fellows enjoy. Tllis addition to the Center's 1981-82 Marcello Pera, University of Pisa, Italy Peter Janich, University of Marburg, Stavroula Tsinorema, loannina Joseph Pitt, Virginia Polytechnic Germany University, Greece occasional visitors. The category of "Visiting Fellow" had not complement of visitors allowed researchers who fall outside Peter Barker, Memphis State Institute and State University Nicholas Maxwell, University College University Roger Vergauwen, University of yet been invented, and these visitors were typically here at the the guidelines of the Visiting Fellows program to spend Michael Redhead, University of London, England Leuven, Belgium Werner Diederich, University of London, England Ulrich Majer, Georg August University, invitation of colleagues in the Department of Philosophy or time at the Center while working with faculty members in Bielefeld, Germany Jan von Plato, University of Helsinki, Neil Tennant, University of Sterling, Germany Finland Richard Creath, Arizona State History and Philosophy of Science. Philosophy or History and Philosophy of Science. Scotland Victor Rodriguez, University of Ken Waters, Rice University University Cordoba, Argentina Initially, the Center operated out of Adolf Griinbaum's faculty Currently, each year the Center hosts about a dozen Visit­ Gereon Wolters, University of Nils-Eric Sahlin, Lund University, Konstanz, Germany 1985-86 Sweden 1990-91 office on the 25th floor of the Cathedral of Learning with the ing Fellows and Scholars witl1 professional interests in the Alessandro Pagnini, University of Timo Airaksinen, University of Stewart Shapiro, Ohio State University Lilli Alanen, University of Helsinki, Florence, Italy Helsinki, Finland able assistance of Elizabeth McMunn. However, the arrival philosophy of science or in philosophically informed history Barbara Tuchanska, University of Finland Czeslaw Porebski, Krakow Dionysios Anapolitanos, University of Lodz, Poland Andreas Bartels, University of Giessen, or sociology of science. These scholars have no formal Academy of Economics, Poland Athens, Greece of tl1e first Fellows signaled the need for offices in which to Danilo Zolo, University of Florence, Germany house them. The Center was provided with its own desig­ duties other than to pursue their own research. Their visit Risto Hilpinen, University of Turku, Aristides Baltas, National Technical Italy Ali Behboud, University of Hamburg, Finland University of Athens, Greece Germany nated space when it moved to Mervis Hall in 1978, where it to the Center affords them the opportunity for extended Cristina Bicchieri, Columbia University 1988-89 Jonathan Berg, University of Haifa, remained for three years. When the Center was relocated to contact with Pitt faculty and other Fellows with similar 1982-83 John Forge, Griffith University, Israel Australia Robert Almeder, Georgia State Bryson Brown, University of its current quarters in the Cathedral of Learning in 1982, the interests. Through their research, the Visiting Fellows and Timo Airaksinen, University of Turku, University Finland Allan Franklin, University of Lethbridge, Canada Colorado, Boulder Aaron Ben-Ze'ev, University of Haifa, ultimate goal of bringing Philosophy, History and Philosophy Scholars contribute importantly to the intellectual life of Rick Creath, Arizona State University Vitaly Dud kin, Moscow State Rolf George, University of Waterloo, Israel University, Russia the University. Morris Eagle, York University, Canada of Science and the Center all under the same roof was real­ Canada Martin Carrier, University of Konstanz, Dimitri Ginev, University of Sofia, George Gale, University of Risto Hilpinen, University of Turku, Germany Bulgaria ized. Although shorter visits are sometimes arranged, the Center Missouri, Kansas City Finland Wolfgang Detel, University of Elzbieta Kaluszynska, Szczecin Ronald Giere, Indiana University encourages Visiting Fellows to remain in residence for the Andrew Irvine, University of Sydney, Hamburg, Germany University, Poland The Visiting Fellows program was able to expand significant­ Ronald Laymon, Ohio State University full academic year, which runs from September 1 to April Australia Gordon Fleming, Pennsylvania State Juan Carlos Leon, University of ly in 1980, thanks to a grant from the R.K. Mellon Founda­ Thomas Nickles, University of Nevada, Scott Kleiner, University of Georgia University Murcia, Spain Reno tion. This grant made possible a policy of active recruitment 30, or for at least one acadenlic term. Special arrangements Nancy Nersessian, Technische Mikael Karlsson, University of Iceland, Billy Joe Lucas, Manhattanville Lorenz Puntel, University of Munich, Hogeschool, Holland Iceland College are sometimes made for scholars who wish to work in the Germany of specific individuals, each awarded a full fellowship. During Lorenz Puntel, University of Munich, Henry Krips, University of Melbourne, Ruth Manor, San Jose State University Australia the mid-'80s, the funding structure of the program was Archives of Scientific Philosophy during the summer. James Woodward, Memphis State Germany Paolo Parrini, University of Florence, University Oswald Schwemmer, University of Juan Carlos Leon, University of Italy transformed. Individuals who had their own funding source John Worrall, London School of Murcia, Spain Marburg, Germany Pirmin Stekeler-Weithofer, University Economics, England were encouraged to spend sabbatical or research leaves at the William Lycan, University of North of Konstanz, Germany Carolina

•I •I • :1988 Tlie first foreign meeting of tlie Center's International Fellow- :1/16/90 Cnancellor Wesley Posvar ana RelBerlin, Laszlo Szabo, Eotvos University, Germany Alex Viskovatoff, Central European program became an Germany Hungary Warren Schmaus, Illinois Institute of University, Hu ngary mechanism for allowing Technology important mechanism Lothar Schafer, University of Hamburg, Barbara Tu chanska, University of Visiting Fellows to Germany Lodz, Poland Gereon Wolters, University of 2000-2001 for involving colleagues Pirmin Stekeler-Weithofer, University Konstanz, Germany Albert Zanardo, University of Padua, James Bogen, Pitzer Col lege present their research of Konstanz, Germany Italy at local colleges and Giovanni Camardi, University of Hitosh i Tamura, Nagoya University, projects and identify 1997-98 Catania, Italy universities. In fact, Japan 1994-95 Joseph Be rkovitz, University of Haifa, Godfrey Guillaumin, University of colleagues with similar Th omas Uebel , Northwestern the success of the Israel Guanajuato, Mexico University Paulo Abrantes, University of Brasilia, interests. Brazil James Bogen, Pitzer Col lege Stephan Hartmann, University of Colloquium as a tool Soshichi Uchii, Kyoto Univers ity, Japan Ronald Anderson, Boston College Thomas Bonk, Hu mboldt Fellow, Konstanz, Germany Max Urch s, University of Leipzig, for outreach resulted Germany Ferda Keskin, Bogazici University, Fellows are asked to Germany Robert DiSalle, University of Western Ontario, Canada Mitchell Green, University of Virginia Turkey in the institution of the Axe l Wustehube, Uni ve rsity of make their presentations Alan Gross, University of Minnesota, Alfred Nordmann, University of South Munster, Germany Brigitte Falkenburg, University of Associates Program in Heidelberg, Germany Twin Cities Carolina as early in their visits Yin Deng-xiang, Chinese Academy of Giora Hon, University of Haifa, Israe l Cassandra Pinnick, Western Kentucky Social Sciences, Ch ina John Forge, Griffith University, 1986, which has since University as possible to optimize Austra li a Frederick Kronz, University of Texas, grown steadily in num­ Dimitri Ginev, University of Sofia, Austin Zofia Rosinska-Zielinska, University of feedback from and 1992-93 Bulgaria Fred Kroon, University of Auckland, Warsaw, Poland bers of faculty as well as Edward Averill, Texas Tech University Alvin Goldman, University of Arizona New Zea land Karola Stotz, University of Sydney, interaction with others. Australia institutions represented. Pi erluigi Barrotta, Univers ity of Pisa, John Lyne, University of Iowa Robert Meyers, State University of Quite frequently, the Italy Miklos Redei, Eotvos University, New York, Albany Thadeus Szubka, Catholi c University Michael Bradie, Bowling Green State Hungary Richard Montgomery, West Virginia of Lublin, Poland Colloquium has served Meetings of the Collo­ University Howard Sankey, University of University as a starting point for Han s- Peter Kruger, Akademie der Melbourne, Austra li a Carlo Penco, University of Genoa, Italy 2001-02 quium were regularized W issenschaften, Germany Werner Ste lzner, University of Jena, Ryszard Wojcicki, Polish Academy of Philip Ehrlich, Ohio University Fellows to form col- "Late 70s Gathering" I. to r.: Seated: Gerald Massey, Adolf Grunbaum, in the late 1980s so they Bernhard Lauth, Uni vers ity of Munich, Sciences, Poland Germany Alan Hajek, California Institute of Germany laborative relationships Carl Hempel, Larry Laudan. Standing: Elizabeth McMunn, Allen Janis, Kazuhisa Todayama, Nagoya Technology were held each Tuesday Malcolm Macmillan, Monash Peter Machamer, Kurt Baier, Ted McGuire, Wilfrid Sellars, Nick Rescher, University, Japan 1998-99 Reiner Hed rich, University of with their colleagues, University, Austra lia James Greeno, Ken Manders and Friday during the Giovanni Camardi, University of Giessen, Germany Michele Marsonet, University of which often continue Catania, Italy Marion Ledwig, University of academic year, tl1e same Genoa, Italy 1995-96 Geo rge Gale, University of Missouri, Konstanz, Germany well beyond the Fellows' Robert Nola, University of Auckland, Paulo Abrantes, University of Brasilia, schedule which contin­ Kansas City Shunkichi Matsumoto, Tokai New Zealand Brazil visits to the Center. Invariably, Fellows cite the Colloquium Yair Guttmann, Stanford University University, Japan ues today. The audience has, however, greatly expanded. The Arto Siitonen, University of Helsinki, Milos Arsen ijevic, University of Jessica Pfeifer, University of Maryland, Finland Belgrade, Serbia Michael Heidelberger, Humboldt­ as one of the most professionally valuable and enjoyable monthly mailing list for distribution of the Colloquium now University of Berlin, Ge rm any Baltimore County Nobuharu Ta nj i, Tokyo Mauro Dorato, University of Padova, Zofia Rosinska-Zielinska, University of components of their visits. exceeds 500 individuals. Metropolitan Univers ity, Japan Italy Holger Lyre, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany Warsaw, Poland Geoffrey Turnbull, Deakin Eduardo Fli chman, University of Univers ity, Austra lia Buenos Aires, Argentina Nicholas Maxwell, University College London, England Jan Wolensk i, University of Warsaw, Janet Folina, Macalester College Poland Christopher Hill, University of Howard Sankey, University of Arkansas Melbourne, Australia Giora Hon, University of Haifa, Israel Rainer Stuh lmann-Laeisz, At the same time, the Colloquium program Gurol lrzik, Bogazici University, Turkey University of Bonn, Germany Vlad islav Lektorsky, Russian Alex Viskovatoff, Central Academy of Sciences, Russia European University, Hungary became an important mechanism for involving Robert Nola, University of Auckland, New Zea land Massimo Pauri, University of Parma, colleagues at local colleges and universities. Italy David Schrader, Washi ngton and Jefferson College

• I 5/21/91 ifhe First Meeting of tlie Pittsburgli-Konstanz Collo ...... in the Philosophy of Science is held in Konstanz, Germany. and Reichenbach on Scientific Realism." The proceedings of Major funding to support the colloquia has been provided this colloquium were published in 1993 under the title Logic, by the Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung, the German­ Language, and the Structun of Scientific Theories: H"oceedings American Academic Council Foundation (botl1 German of the Carnap-Reichenbach Centennial, edited by Wesley C. institutions), the R.K. Mellon Foundation, and the Harvey Salmon of Pittsburgh and Gereon Wolters of Konstanz. and Leslie Wagner Endowment. Pittsburgh-Konstanz Colloquium in the There have now been five meetings of the Pittsburgh­ Philosophy of Science Konstanz Colloquium, the most recent being held in May Athens-Pittsburgh Symposium in the of 1999. The topic of the fifth Colloquium was Limits of History and Philosophy of Science and he Pittsburgh-Konstanz Colloquia in the Science: Philosophical Problems in the Neurosciences. The Technology Philosophy of Science are the joint undertaking volume that resulted from this conference is titled Themy and of the Center for Philosophy of Science at the Method in the Neurosciences (edited by Peter Machamer, Rick These symposia are a joint undertaking of the Center for University of Pittsburgh and the Zentrum Philosophie Grush, and Peter McLaughlin), published by the University Philosophy of Science, the University of Athens, and the und Wissenschaftstheorie at the University of Konstanz of Pittsburgh Press. National Technical University of Athens in Greece. Like in Germany. This Colloquium is a series of biennial the Pittsburgh-Konstanz Colloquium, tl1e symposia are international conferences witl1 tl1e conference site alternating international in scope, between Pittsburgh and Konstanz. drawing both speakers and participants from The Colloquium is international in two respects. Second Meeting of the Athens-Pittsburgh Symposium, several nations. The Athens, Greece, May 1998 First, it is a cooperative undertaking between symposia, begun in Pittsburgh (USA) and Konstanz (Germany). 1996, are held every Second, the participants are drawn from around THE CARNAP·REICHEIIBACH CEtiTEtltiiAL two years in Greece in the world, as are those who attend the conferences. The first symposium grew out of discussions begun during First Blenl"lal Meet\ng recognition of Greece The proceedings were published as volumes in the of the Plttsburgh-Konstanz Colloqu1um as the birthplace of the second International Fellows Conference, which was held Pittsburgh-Konstanz Series in the Philosophy and in the Phtlosophy of Science Western philosophy. in Atl1ens in 1992. These discussions culmina ted in the first History of Science, itself a joint undertaking of the meeting of the Atl1ens-Pittsburgh Symposium, May 28-30, University of Pittsburgh Press and the University of 1996, in Delphi at the European Cultural Center. The theme Konstanz, until 2000. As of that time, the University esday, May 2.1 . Friday, May 24, 1991 of tl1at symposium was "The Problem of Anthropomorphism of Pittsburgh Press assumed sole responsi- second meeting ollhe bieMial in Science and Philosophy." The proceedings of the sympo­ bility for continuing the publication ATHENS-PITTSBURGH SYMPOSIUM sium appear in Philosophy and tbe Many Faces of Science, edited of tl1e series. in lhe HISTORY and PHILOSOPHY of SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY by Dionysios Anapolitanos, Aristides Baltas, and Stavroula FOURTH MEETING Tsinorema, published in 1998 by Rowman and The first meeting of tl1e Pittsburgh­ Of THE Littlefield Publishers, Inc. Konstanz Colloquium was held PIITSBURGH-KONSTANZ The llistory and Phllo: May 21-24, 1991, in Konstanz, COLLOQUIUM The second symposium focused on "The History Germany, to celebrate the centennials !NTHE Greeli: Medical Traditi PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE and Philosophy of Greek Medical Traditions from of the births of two giants of modern from llippoc••ates to J Hippocrates to Harvey." This event was held May scientific philosophy, Rudolf Carnap October 3 • 7' 1997 22-26, 1998, at the University of Atl1ens. The third and Hans Reichenbach. The Carnap­ symposium was held during October 26-30, 2000, Reichenbach Centennial was attended at tl1e University of Crete. The topic of tl1e Sympo­ by more tl1an 200 scholars and graduate Science at the Er sium was "Experience and Knowledge." students from around tl1e world. At a of the Century The Limits of Sci The 3"' J\1eet· For all three of the biennial symposia, the Latsis special evening session, Professor Carl G. '"9 ofthe Biennl~/ Athens-Pittsburgh 5 Foundation has provided major funding, supple­ Hempel was given an Honorary Doctor­ Ymposlum ate in Philosophy from the University of in the mented by funding from tl1e Harvey and Leslie Histoty

continued, with one important caveat. Henceforth, In-House Conferences the site of the Fellows Conferences would be determined by the Fellowship itself. Fellows were Along with the Associates Program encouraged to develop proposals for hosting the (see section titled Resident Fellows conferences in their home countries. As part of the and A~sociates), the series ofTn­ agreement, the host country would fund all expenses House Conferences is designed to incurred at the conference site. strengthen philosophy and histoty The second conference, held in 1992 in Athens, of science in d1e geographical area Greece, was cosponsored by the National Technical centered around Pittsburgh. These University of Athens and d1e University of Athens, conferences, begun in 1987, are with additional financial assistance provided by d1e open to Resident Fellows, Associ­ R.K. Mellon Foundation. Fifty-three Fellows from ates, current Visiting Fellows and 15 nations participated in d1e weeklong conference. Scholars, and former North American The third international meeting of the Fellowship Visiting Fellows. Thus far, d1ere have been four such conferences held in Pittsburgh.

Fourth Fellows Conference San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina, June 2000. Left to The R.K. Mellon Foundation, the right: Eduardo Flichman, G~rald Massey, Oscar Nudler, Jim Lennox, Victor Rodriguez FIRST QVADRENN!AI. INTERNA TIONAL FE Harvey and Leslie Wagner Endow­ Oxford, Engltmd l..i..OIYS CONPERENCE Third Fellows Conference, Castiglioncello, Italy, May 1996 August 17-19, 1988 ment, and the Sarah Scaife Founda­ science and a former student oflmre Lakatos. The National tion have provided financial assistance for d1is series of conferences. Technical University of Athens, the University of Athens, took place in Castiglioncello, Italy in 1996 and was cospon­ and the University of Crete have also provided generous sored by the Florence Center for the Histoty and Philosophy financial assistance. of Science. Financial support was provided by d1e Instituto e SECOND QUADRENNIAL INTERNATIONAL FELLOWS CONFERENCE Museo di Storia della Scienza, d1e Harvey and Leslie Wagner Meetings of the Center's Endowment, and the R.K. Mellon Foundation. The fourth, International Fellowship Athens, Greece and the first to be held outside of Europe, was held in Bari­ loche, Argentina, in June 2000. The Bariloche Foundation May 22- May 26, 1992 Eveq four years, the Center sponsors an interna­ was the primaq sponsor and host for this event. Additional support was provided by d1e Antorchas Foundation, the tional conference for current and former Center University of Pittsburgh r) Fellows, both Visiting and Resident. The objectives Finca Flichman Wineq, the Harvey and Leslie Wagner CENTER FOR PHILOSOPHY of these conferences are to renew old professional Endowment, Professor Gregorio 4 ~ Quodrennlol lnternor Klimovsky, the Macri Founda­ ties and friendships and to create new ones, as well as Phiios IOnol Fellows Conference to promote academic cooperation and collaborative ophy anct HlstOfY of Science tion, d1e National University of research among current and former Center Fellows. Cordoba, the National Univer­ sity of General Sarmiento, the The first international meeting of the Pittsburgh Fel­ National University of Quilmes, lowship was held in August 1988 in Oxford, England, the SADAF, the Sarah Scaife and was intended as a reunion of the European Fellows. Foundation, the University of This three-day conference was attended by 18 Fellows Buenos Aires, and the University representing seven countries. The grant awarded by ofComahue. the R.K. Mellon Foundation provided the majority of 210 ~~~.~~~.~::~:::~~:;:;,~~,;~;.·/'n•r, """ funding for the meeting. Since this event proved to be l:l~ Coffc:t" Bruk so successful, it was decided that the meetings would be conference site:. Castello Pasqua $1~~a~he castiglionceno, l'li Tel: 39/586.754202 June 22-26, 2aXl FaX: ; 9/586.754198

il:OO t.unch 23 1

Other Conferences and Philosophy of Science and partially funded Workshops by tl1e National Science Foundation. The Four-Way International Workshop on Human The Center's first major conference, a Nature: Cognitive and Communicational Workshop on Scientific Theories, was Perspectives on Scientific and Humanistic Ap­ held in 1965. Since that time, it has proaches was held in May 1997 and involved continued to sponsor or cosponsor one four sponsors: the Center, the University of or two conferences per year touching Potsdam, the Polish Academy of Sciences in on many areas in the philosophy of Warsaw, and the University of Konstanz. science and related disciplines. These conferences draw an audience of interested faculty and students from both the Philosophy and the History and Philosophy of Science Depart­ ments, Resident Fellows, Visiting Fellows, and Associates of the Center, as well as scholars and scientists from other institutions around the country and from abroad. Several of these Inaugural meeting of the Athens-Pittsburgh Symposium, European Conference Center, Delphi, Greece, June 1996 initiatives have been made possible by Celebration of 25th grants provided through the Nati onal anniversary (1985).

Science Foundation or the National "On the Thames in London, for a meeting of the members of the Lakatos Prize Committee" I. to r.: Alan Musgrave, Adolf Grunbaum, Nancy Cartwright, Michael Redhead Endowment for the Humanities. Oth- Opening of Adolf Grunbaum Reading Room (1998)

ers have been co-sponsored by a variety of entities, including other universities or professional organizations.

Some recent examples include the conferences on Modern Mathematical T hought (1995 and 1998), which were cosponsored by Carnegie Mellon University; Values in Scientific Research Workshop (1998), which was partially funded by the National Science Founda­ tion; Philosophical Problems in the Historiography of Science (1998) which was jointly sponsored by the Interna­ tional Union of History and Philosophy of Science; and The Continental and Analytic Origins of Logical Empiricism: Historical and Contemporary Perspec­ tives (1999), which took place in Provost James Maher t.afks with Adolf GrUnbaum at the ope:n.lng of the Adolf GrOnbaum "Confabulation in the Physics Lab in 1984" I. tor.: Jim Maher (current Provost and Resident Florence, Italy and was cosponsored by Reading Room In 1701 cathedral of Learning. Grilnbaum Is the Andrew MeUon Professor of Fellow), Nicholas Rescher (Director), Allen Janis (Associate Director), Michael Redhead Philosophy, a ,..seanh professor of psychl•try •nd chairperson of the Center for Philosophy the Florence Center for the History and of Science. He has been a faculty menlber here slnc:e 1960. when he was hired to estAblish • (Visiting Fellow), Paul Humphreys (Visiting Fellow) Center for Philosophy of Sdence. The Center for Philosophy of Science, - history •nd philosophy of science de~rtment -d the philosophy cle~rtment hosted • reception M•n:h 13 to c.elebrate the official opening of the Adolf GrOnbaum keadlng Room. Fourth Annual Conference in Discovery and Learning: Philo­ Third In-House Conference in First Meeting of the Athens­ Philosophy of Science and Fourth Quadrennial Interna­ Philosophy of Science: A 25th sophical and Computational the Philosophy of Science Pittsburgh Symposium in the Science Policy Planning tional Fellows Conference Anniversary Celebration Perspectives September 30-0ctober 2, 1994 History and Philosophy of Conference Philosophy and History of December 12-14, 1985 Carnegie Mellon University-Pitt Science and Technology The Limits of Science and Science April 8-9, 1989 The Problem of Anthropomor­ Public Policy June 22-26, 2000, in Bariloche, Discourse: Linguistic, Com­ phism in Science and Philosophy The Place of Thought putational, and Philosophical German-American Academic Argentina Experiments in Science and May 28-30, 1996, in Delphi, Council cosponsored; All events listed below were Limits of Scientific Knowledge Second In-House Conference in Perspectives Philosophy Greece coorganized with University held in Pittsburgh unless other­ the Philosophy of Science October 15-16, 1982 March 24-26, 1995 of Konstanz Third Meeting of the Athens­ wise noted. Apri I 18-20, 1986 October 27-29, 1989 Pittsburgh Symposium in the Four-Way International September 9-11, 1998, in History and Philosophy of Theory and Observation in Miniconference on Quantum Williamsburg, Virginia The Interaction of Science and Workshop on Human Nature: Science and Technology Workshop on Scientific Theories Contemporary Physics Self-Motion: From Aristotle to Mechanics and Relativity Philosophy in Fifth and Fourth Cognitive and Communicational Experience and Knowledge 1965 Newton Theory: Interpretational Prob­ May 6-7, 1983 Century Greece (partial support) Perspectives on Scientific and Values in Scientific Research February 23-25, 1990 lems and Solutions Humanistic Approaches October 26-30, 2000, in organized by Institute for Workshop Rethymno, Crete Research in Classical Philosophy May 1, 1995 Konstanz-Pitt-Potsdam Society for Exact Philosophy Medieval Philosophy and Values in Science -Warsaw workshop June 1978 Medieval Science May 30-June 1, 1986 Special Colloquium in Honor of October 9-11, 1998 Third Meeting of the Pitts­ May 4-7, 1997, in Berlin, Wesley C. Salmon Workshop November 11-12, 1983 Adolf Grunbaum October 5-7, 1990 burgh-Konstanz Colloquium in Germany Induction/Probability and The Logic of Discovery and Science and Metaphysics in the the Philosophy of Science Joint Conference with the Causation/Explanation Diagnosis in Medicine Philosophy of Leibniz Issues in Rational Choice Philosophy and the Sciences of Fourth Meeting of the Pitts­ International Union of History November 18, 2000 December 12-13, 1986 and Philosophy of Science (Divi­ October 6-8, 1978 December 2-3, 1983 First Meeting of the Pittsburgh­ the Mind burgh-Konstanz Colloquium Konstanz Colloquium in the in the Philosophy of Science sion of Science and the Division Philosophy of Science May 17-20, 1995, in Konstanz, of Logic, Methodology and Nicholas Rescher Workshop First In-House Conference in the Germany Science at the End of the Conditional Expected Utility The Heritage of Logical Philosophy of Science) Philosophy of Science The Carnap-Reichenbach Century: The Limits of Science The Limits of Knowledge November 1978 Positivism Centennial Philosophical Problems in the March 13-14, 1987 October 3-7, 1997 February 23-24, 2001 December 16-17, 1983 May 21-24, 1991, in Konstanz, Modern Mathematical Thought: Historiography of Science Its History and Philosophy Montague Grammars Germany November 14-15, 1998 Colloquium on Sellarsian CMU-Pitt-Gottingen Modern Mathematical Thought Fourth In-House Conference May 1979 Aristotle's De Anima Philosophy in Celebration of Workshop II: Historical and Philosophical Philosophy of Science March 23-25, 1984 Wilfrid Sellars's 75th Year Third International Conference Approaches Fifth Meeting of the Pittsburgh­ September 21-24, 1995 Konstanz Colloquium in the October 26-28, 2001 Models of Scientific Change in the History and Philosophy Joint CMU-Pitt Workshop October 24-25, 1987 of General Relativity Philosophy of Science May 26-30, 1980 Logic in the Philosophy of May 1-4, 1998 German-American Interactions Science June 27-30, 1991, at the Univer­ Limits of Science: Philosophical Ted McGuire Workshop Aesthetic Factors in Natural sity of Pittsburgh at Johnstown in Scientific Philosophy in the Problems in the Neurosciences April 27-29, 1984 History Unveiled, Science Unfet­ Limitations of Deductivism Science Post-1933 Era Second Meeting of the Athens­ May 26-29, 1999, in Konstanz, tered Pittsburgh Symposium in the November 7-9, 1980 December 11 -12, 1987 Joint Pitt-Munster Conference Germany January 19, 2002 Special Colloquium in Honor of History and Philosophy of Aristotle and Modality Nicholas Rescher March 29-31, 1996 Science and Technology Progress in Science and the November 16-17, 1984 The Ptolemaic Tradition November 15-17, 1991 Joint Conference with the Flor­ The History and Philosophy of Sixth Meeting of the Pittsburgh Humanities ence Center for the History and (partial support) Third Quadrennial International Greek Medical Traditions from -Konstanz Colloquium in the Philosophy of Science November 14-16, 1980 Teleology in Natural Sciences organized by Institute for Second Quadrennial Interna­ Fellows Conference Hippocrates to Harvey Philosophy of Science Research in Classical Philosophy The Continental and Analytic December 14-15, 1984 tional Fellows Conference Florence-Pitt Conference May 22-26, 1998, in Athens, Science, Values, and Objectivity Origins of Logical Empiricism: March 25-26, 1988 Greece Models of Change in Science University of Athens­ May 20-24, 1996, in Castiglion­ Historical and Contemporary October 3-6, 2002 ce ll o, Italy and Technology The Impact of Islamic National Technical University Perspectives of Athens-Pitt April 9-12, 1981 Civilization on Medieval Europe Scientific Failure November 2-4, 1999, in (partial support) April 23-24, 1988 May 22-26, 1992, in Athens, Florence, Italy Greece Naturalistic Epistemology February 8-9, 1985 May 25-28, 1981 Oxford CPS Conference (First Workshop on Logic in the Quadrennial International Science, Reason, and Rhetoric Philosophy of Science Fellows Conference) Conference Early Greek Science and November 6-8, 1992 Scientific Explanation April 28-29, 1985 August 17-19, 1988, in Oxford, England May 7-8, 1982 Scientific Realism Second Meeting of the Pitts­ Evolutionary Epistemology burgh-Konstanz Colloquium in Limits of Historical May 10-11, 1985 the Philosophy of Science December 9-10, 1988 Methodologies The Philosophy of Biology May 21 -22, 1982 Phenomenology and the October 1-4, 1993 Formal Sciences (partial Idealist Philosophy of Science support) Organized by the Pitt-Duquesne University Functional Explanation in Center for Advanced Research February 24-25, 1989 Biology and Social Sciences in Phenomenology September 24-25, 1982 September 26-29, 1985

•I 5/22/98 iTiie Secono Meeting of tlie Atliens-Pittsl::iurgli Symposium in tlie History and PhilosoJ:1hy of Science and iTechnology is held ..... in Athens, Greece. number of the lecturers did pitch their presentations at an drawn from about two dozen universities and colleges, mostly appropriate level and thus made a significant contribution to witlun a 150-nlile radius of Pittsburgh. undergraduate education at Pitt during the seven-year span the Public Lecture Series was active. Appointment as an Associate lasts three years. Associates have no formal duties and receive no compensation, but accep­ Bayer Foundation-Center Lecture Series tance of appointment is viewed as a commitment on the part Center-Honors College Public Lecture Resident Fellows Program of tl1e Associate to participate in several Center activities each Series year. Associates who fulfill this comnlitment are eligible for In 1998, the Center initiated a series of public lectures with renewal of tl1eir appointments. the support and assistance of the Bayer Foundation and the he Resident Fellows program began with the rom its inception in 1960, the Center has recog­ Carnegie Science Center in Pittsburgh. The goal of the series establishment of the Center in 1960, thereby As with the Resident Fellows program, interested individuals nized its responsibility to bring the philosophy is to improve tl1e public's understanding of science. The first qualifying as one of its oldest programs. While may propose tl1emselves for membership by submitting a cur­ and history of science to the attention of the gen- lecture series, titled Find Out Why, was presented in the tl1e earliest Resident Fellows were drawn from the Depart­ riculum vitae and an indication of the nature of tl1eir interest eral academic public, understood to include talented spring of 1999 and featured Peter Machamer ("Galileo Made ments of Philosophy and Physics prior to the founding of in Center activities to tl1e Director. A current Associate or undergraduate students. To this end, in 1986 the Center the Earth Move"), James Lennox ("Darwin Evolved"), and tl1e Department of History and Philosophy of Science in Resident Fellow may also nominate them. Such proposals and joined witl1 tl1e University Honors College to sponsor a series John Norton ("Einstein Twisted Space and Time") as speak­ 1970, they now represent nearly every scientific and human­ nominations are brought before the Center's Membership of public lectures in the field, and to make the lecturers avail­ ers. The tl1ree lectures were held in the 300-seat Science istic discipline at the University of Pittsburgh. The current Comnlittee for review and action once each year. abl e to meet with small groups of honors students in a setting Stage Theater of tl1e C::~rnegie Science Center. All three were roster of Resident Fellows numbers about 60 faculty mem­ The Center sponsors a number of activities to which Associ­ tl1at encouraged lively, face-to-face exchange of ideas. By sold out in advance. The overwhelming public response left bers from more than 20 academic departments throughout ates are invited. These include the annual lecture series (six couplin g this series of public lectures with the Annual Lec­ no doubt of tl1e popular interest in events of this kind. · tl1e University. to eight lectures per annum), international meetings held tures Series (each invited lecturer de livered two lectures, one Resident Fellowslup is restricted to faculty of the University both abroad and in Pittsburgh, conferences and workshops for a professional audience and one for a liberally educated The second lecture series, titled Science: Past, Present of Pittsburgh and carries witl1 it a tl1ree-year secondary (one or two per annum), lunchtime colloquia, and occasional general audience), the Center and Honors College were able and Future, was presented in 2000, and the third, entitled "EnLIGHT!enment," in 2001. T he collaborative efforts of appointment. Resident Fellows receive no compensation and study groups and social functions. Modes of participation to attract distinguished lecturers who would not ordinarily be have no duties other than to participate available to undergraduate students on a face- to-face basis. university, industry, and science center have resulted in a resoundingly successful lecture series, indicating the public's in some of tl1e Center's many activities. At any given time there are 60-70 Associates enormous interest in science, its history, and its foundations. Individuals can propose themselves for T hi s lecture series was unfortunately discontinued in membership, or a current Resident Fel­ drawn from about two dozen universities 1993 -94, because the k cturcrs increasingly aimed their low can nominate them. Such proposals presentations more at professional and nominations are brought before and colleges, mostly within a 150-mile philosophers and historians of The overwhelming public response left no doubt the Center's Membership Comnuttee science than at an audience of for review and action once each year. undergraduate students. Still, a of the popular interest in events of this kind. radius of Pittsburgh. The Resident Fellows form tl1e stable corps of membership that gives continuity to the Center's may range from attendance at Center functions to formal programs and activities. Many of them are scholars and sci­ presentation of papers, service as commentator or discussant, entists whose work is known and respected around the world. or active use of the Archives of Scientific Philosophy. Their extensive interaction with the Visiting Fellows is a The bylaws of tl1e Advisory Board call for it to meet at least major attraction of the Center. By tl1eir ongoing participation Along with the Associates program, the series ofin-House once during each of the two principal academic terms. The in activities of tl1e Center, tl1e Resident Fellows contribute Conferences is designed to strengtl1en philosophy and Board advises the Director on all aspects of tl1e Center's op­ substantially to making it an intellectually stimulating locus history of science in tl1e geographical area centered around Pittsburgh. These conferences, begun in 1987, are restricted he Center's Advisory Board was created in erations, policies, and programs. The presence on tl1e Board of scholarship, research, and academic fellowship. of tl1e Chairs of tl1e three departments assures coordination to Resident Fellows, Associates, current Visiting Fellows 1988 to provide the Director with advice from a and cooperation between the Center and the academic Associates Program and Scholars, and former Nortl1 An1erican Visiting Fellows. representative panel of prominent colleagues departments. Many of tl1e Center's cosponsored activities Thus far, there have been four such conferences in Pittsburgh. in the philosophy and history of science. T he Board arose from discussions among the Adviso1y Board members The Associates Program was created to promote the phi­ originally consisted of the Officers of tl1e Center, together and serve as examples of the mutually beneficial aspects of losophy and tl1e history of science in tl1e geographical region with the Chairs of the Department of Philosophy and of the this cooperative arrangement. served by tl1e University of Pittsburgh. It was designed for D epartment of Histo1y and Philosophy of Science. Two ex scholars with a serious interest in philosophy and/or history offici o members were later added to the membership roster: of science who are located at other institutions in tl1e region the Chair of tl1 e D epartment of Philosophy at Carnegie and who wish to take advantage of the intellectual resources Mellon University (added in 1992 -93), and tl1e most recent of tl1e Center. At any given time there are 60-70 Associates former Center Director (added in 1997). • I 1999 Tlie Arcliives of Scientific PtiilosoRtiY in tile 20tli Century :1999 A new series of pul:ilic lectures cosponsorea l:iy ttie acquires the Carl Hem Rei collection. Baye~ Foundation at ttie Carnegie Science Center begins . Vo l. 2: Beyond the Edge of Certainty, Vol. 13: Thought Experiments in with Mind and Medicine: Problems ofExp lanation and Evaluation one of the ways in which the Center promotes the Univers ity Press of America, In c., Science and Philosophy, Ro w man in Psychiatry and the Biomedical Sciences, edited by Lany philosophy an~ history ~f s~ience ~nd related disciplines i~ 1983 (reprint of volume of same & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., edited name published by Prentice-Hall, Inc., by Tamara Horowitz and Gerald J. Laudan. There are seven volumes in this series, which was through its vanous publicatiOn senes. Many of the Centers edited by Robert G. Colodny, 1965). Massey, 1991 . ISBN 0-8476-7706-0 active until 1992 when the Center's affiliation with the volumes grow out of such Center activities as the Annual ISBN 0-8191 -3058-3 The Center's production and sponsorship of Lecture Series, the Pittsburgh-Konstanz Colloquium, and Vo l. 14: Scientific Failure, Rowman University of California Press was terminated. Vol. 3: The Limits of Lawfulness: & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. edited publications relating to the philosophy and history sundry conferences and workshops. The various Center Studies on the Scope and Nature of by Tamara Horowitz and Allen Janis, Scientific Explanation, Unive rsity Press 1994. ISBN 0-8476-7806-7 of science has been an essential facet of its com­ In 1990, a multifaceted collaboration began between the publication series are listed below. of America, Inc., edited by Nicholas mitment. Almost from the start, the Center has originated, Universities of Pittsburgh and Konstanz, involving prin­ Rescher, 1983. ISBN 0-8191-3176-8; Vo l. 15: Philosophy and the Many ISBN 0-8 191-3177-6 (pbk.) Faces of Science, Row man & coordinated, and produced several different series of publica­ cipally Pittsburgh's Center for Philosophy of Science and University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Series in Littlefield Publishers, Inc., edited by Konstanz's Zentrum Philosophie und Wissenschaftstheorie. Series in the Philosophy Philosophy and History Vol. 4: Scientific Explanation and Dionys ios Anapolitanos, Aristides tions in its fields . Many of its volumes perennially grow Understanding: Essays on Reasoning Baltas, and Stavroula Tsinorema, of Science (published by the Part of that collaboration was the Pittsburgh-Konstanz Series of Science and Rationality in Science, Unive rsity 1998. ISBN 0-8476-8175-0 out of tl1e Annual Lecture Series, the Pittsburgh-Konstanz Univers ity of California Press) Press of America, Inc., edit ed by Colloquium, and various conferences and workshops. in the Philosophy and Histmy of Science, jointly published Vol. 1: Frontiers of Science and Nicholas Re sche r, 1983. ISBN 0-8 191 - by the University of Pittsburgh Press and the University of Philosophy, Unive rsity of Pittsburgh Mind and Medicine: Problems 3465-1 (a lk. paper); ISBN 0-8 191-3466- Pittsburgh-Konstanz The first Center publications arose from the Annual Lecture Press, edited by Robert G. Colodny, of Explanation and Evaluation X ( pbk.: alk. paper) Series in the Philosophy Konstanz Press. Its inaugural volume appeared in 1993, titled 1962 (out of print). Reprinted by in Psychiatry and the Biomedical and History of Science University Pre ss of America, Inc. 1983. Sciences, University of California Series organized by Center Founder and Chairman Adolf Vo l. 5: Mind and Cosmos: Essays Philosophical Problems of the Internal and Extenzal Worlds: Essays ISB N 0-8191-3061-3 Press, edited by Laurens Laudan, 1984 in Contemporary Science and Griinbaum. Papers delivered in the inaugural Lecture Series (out of print). ISBN 0-520-04623-4 Philosophical Problems of the Internal on the Philosophy ofAdolf Gt·iinbazmz, edited by John Earman, Philosophy, University Pre ss of and External Worlds: Essays on the Vo l. 2: Beyond the Edge of Certainty: of 1960-61 were published in 1962 in the first volume of tl1e America, In c., 1983. (reprint of Philosophy of Adolf Griinbaum, Allen Janis, Gerald Massey, and Nicholas Rescher. The Essays in Contemporary Science and Th e Foundations of Psychoanalysis: volume of same name published by ed ited by John Earman, Allen I. Philosophy, Prentice-Hall, Inc., edited A Philosophical Critique, Univers ity University of Pittsburgh Series in the Philosophy of Science, second volume of the series, Logic, Language, and the Structzn·e Unive rsity of Pittsburgh Press, edited Janis, Gerald J. Massey, and Nicholas by Robert G. Colodny, 1965 (out of of California Press, Adolf Grunbaum, by Robert G. Co lodny, 1966). ISBN Rescher; 1993. ISBN 0-8229-3738-7 edited by Robert G. Colodny, titled Frontien of Science and of Scientific Theo7'ies, gatl1ered togetl1er the papers from the print). Reprinted by Unive rsity Pre ss 1984. ISBN 0-520-05016-9; ISBN 0-520- 0-819 1-3 061-3 Philosophy. The University of Pittsburgh Press published this of America, lnc.1983. 1SBN 0-8191 - 05017-7 (pbk.) first of the biennial Pittsburgh-Konstanz Colloquia, which 3058-3 Logic, Language, and the Structure Vol. 6: Reason and Rationality in of Scientific Theories: Proceedings of initial volume with a publication grant from tl1e National Science and Values: The Aims of commemorated the 100th anniversa1y of the births of Rudolf Natural Science, Unive rsity Pre ss of the Carnap-Reichenbach Centennial, Vo l. 3: Mind and Cosmos: Essays Science and Their Role in Scientific Science Foundation. Between 1962 and 1978, five more vol­ America, Inc., edited by Nicholas edited by Wesley Salmon, and Gereon Carnap and Hans Reichenbach. Since tl1en, tl1e proceedings in Contemporary Science and Debate, University of California Rescher, 1985. ISBN 0-8191-4763-X Wolters, 1993. ISBN 0-8229-3740-9 umes appeared in this series, and a sixtl1 was added in 1986. of four more colloquia have appeared in tl1is series, as well as Philosophy, Unive rsity of Pittsburgh Pre ss, by Larry Laudan, 1984. ISBN (alk. paper); ISBN 0-8191-4764-8 Press, ed ited by Robert G. Co lodny, 0-520-05743-0 (pbk.:alk. paper) Volume four of the series, The Nature and Function of Scientific The Cos11Zos of Science, a book of papers based on lectures given 1966 (out of print). Reprinted by Science, Reason and Rhetoric, ed ited University Pre ss of America, Inc. 1983. by Henry Krips, J. E. McGuire, and Theories, the first of the volumes to be based upon conference Th e Limits of Science, Univers ity of in the Annual Lecture Series. ISBN 0-8191-3650-6 Vo l. 7: The Heritage of Logical Trevor Melia, 1994. ISBN 0-8229- California Pre ss, Nicholas Rescher, proceedings, emerged from tl1e inaugural workshop-confer­ Positivism, University Press of 39 12-6 1984 (out of print). ISBN 0-520-05180-7 America, Inc., edited by Nicholas ence of 1965. Those series that remain active in clude the Center for Vol. 4: The Nature and Function Re scher, 1985. ISNB 0-8191-4470-3 of Scientific Theories: Essays Concepts, Theories, and Rationality Logic of Discovery and Diagnosis in (a lk. paper); ISBN 0-8191-4471-1 Philosophy of Science Publications in Philosophy of Science in Contemporary Science and in the Biological Sciences, ed ited M edicine, University of California (pbk.:alk. paper) Philosophy, Unive rsity of Pittsburgh by Gereon Wolters and James G. The first three volumes of the series, which had gone out of (currently published by Rowman & Littlefield), and tl1e Press, edited by Kenneth Schaffner, Press, edited by Robert G. Colodny, Lennox in collaboration w ith Peter 1985. ISBN 0-520-05305-2 print, were reprinted in 1982-83 as the initial volumes of the Pittsburgh-Konstanz Series in tl1e Philosophy and History 1970. ISBN 0-8229-3211-3 Vol. 8: Current Issues in Teleology, Mcl aughlin, 1995. ISBN 0-8229-3913-4 Univers ity Press of America, In c., Center for Philosophy of Science Publications in Philosophy of Sci­ of Science (currently published by the University of Limitations of Deductivism, Univers ity edited by Nicholas Rescher, 1986. Vol. 5: Paradigms and Paradoxes, The Cosmos of Science: Essays of of California Press, edited by Adolf ISBN 0-8191 -5 198-X (alk. paper); IBSN ence, published by tl1e University Press of America. This new University of Pittsburgh Press, edited Exploration, edited by John Earman Pittsburgh Press). Grunbaum and Wes ley Salmon, 1988. 0-8191-5199-8 (pbk.:alk. paper) by Robert G. Colodny, 1972. ISBN and John Norton, 1997. ISBN 0-8229- series, edited by Nicholas Rescher from its inception until IBSN 0-520-06232-9 0-8229-3235-0 3930-4 1990, was mainly intended to provide a forum for the dis­ Vol. 9: Scientific Inquiry in Inference, Explanation, and other Philosophical Perspective, University Vol. 6: Logic, Laws, and Life: Some Mindscapes: Philosophy, Science and semination of the products of conferences and lecture series Frustrations: Essays in the Philosophy Press of America, In c., edited by Philosophical Implications, Univers ity the Mind, edited by Martin Carrier of Science, University of California Nicholas Rescher, 1987. IBSN 0-8 191- held by the Center. Currently published under the auspices of Pittsb urgh Press, edited by Robert and Peter Machamer, 1997. ISBN Pre ss, edited by John Earman, 1992. 5798-8 (ak.paper); ISBN 0-8191 -5799-6 G. Co lodny, 1977. ISBN 0-8229-3346-2 0-8229-3986-X of Rowman & Littlefield, tl1e ISBN 0-520-07577-3 (alk. paper); ISBN (pbk.:alk.paper) 0-520-08044-0 (pbk.:alk. paper) series now numbers 15 volumes, Vo l. 7: From Quarks to Quasars: Vo l. 10: Leibnizian Inquiries: A Group The Cosmos of Science: Essays of with the latest, Philosophy and the Philosophical Problems of Modern of Essays, Unive rsity Press of America, Exploration, edited by John Earman Physics, Unive rsity of Pittsburgh Pre ss, Center for Philosophy Inc., ed ited by Nicholas Rescher, 1989. and John Norton, 1998. ISBN 0-8229- Many Faces of Science, published edited by Robert G. Colodny, 1986. of Science Publications ISBN 0-8191-7358-4 (alk.paper); ISBN 5694-2 (pbk.) ISBN 0-8229-3515-5 in 1998. in Philosophy of Science 0-8191-7359-2 (pbk.:alk.paper) (cu rrently published" by Row man & Science at Century's End: Littlefield Publishers, Inc.) Vo l. 11 : Aesthetic Factors in Natural Philosophical Questions on the The Pittsburgh Series in Phi­ Science, Univers ity Press of America, Progress and Limits of Science, edited by Martin Carrier, Gerald Massey, and Vol. 1: Frontiers of Science and Inc., ed ited by Nicholas Rescher, 1990. losophy and Histmy of Science, ISBN 0-8 191-7576-5 Laura Ruetsche, 2000. ISB N 0-8229- Philosophy, University Press of 4121 -X published by the University of America, Inc., 1982. (reprint of volume of sa me name published by Vo l. 12: Evolution, Cognition, and California Press, began in 1983 the University of Pittsburgh Press, Realism: Studies in Evolutionary Th eory and Method in Neurosciences, edited by Robert G. Co lodny, 1962). Epistemology, University Press of edited by Peter Machamer, Peter ISBN 0-8191-3061-3 America, In c., edited by Nicholas Mcl aughlin, and Ri ck Grush, 2000. Rescher, 1990. ISBN 0-8191 -7754-7 ISBN 0-8229-4140-6 (a lk.paper); ISBN 0-8191-7755-5 (pbk.: alk.paper)

•I ~0/26/00 ifhe ifhird Meeting of ttie Attiens-Pittsourgti Symposium in the History and Philosophy of Science and ifechnology is held ...... in Rethymno, Crete. To develop and enlarge the Archives of Scientific Philosophy substantial contribution to the Center to honor Griinbaum. In further and to make the holdings in them more accessible to addition to his gratitude to Griinbaum, Mr. Wagner indicated scholars abroad and especially to German-speaking scholars, that the Center's excellence along with his long-term com­ the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Konstanz mitment to science and to the recognition of the importance in Germany entered into a formal archival collaboration in of the philosophy of science all motivated his and his wife's decision to make the endowment. 1990. This collaboration permits each university to make efitting its seminal role in the city during the copies of the relevant materials on deposit in the other's 1960s, the U.S. Steel Foundation was the first With this endowment, the Center was able to plan for contin­ archives and encourages both institutions to jointly acquire uation and growtl1 of its programs. Although external funding n order to further research and publications in the new materials for their respective archives, thus ensuring external benefactor of the Center. U.S. Steel spon­ would continue to be sought, tl1e earnings from the Wagner the continued development of tl1e Archives of Scientific sored both tl1e first and second Annual Lecture Series (1960 history of scientific philosophy, the Center for endowment provided a degree of financial security the Center Philosophy. As part of the University's agreement with the and 1961), giving the Center its first major public boost. A Philosophy of Science initiated the creation and had never previously enjoyed. Following the expiration of tl1e University ofKonstanz, tl1e curator has since made several few National Science Foundation grants were obtained in tl1e has helped the University assemble the Archives of final Mellon grant in 1993, tl1e Center had been forced to de­ visits to Konstanz to assist in organizing and cataloging the years immediately following, but it was not until1977 that tl1e pend upon additional University resources to cover the costs Scientific Philosophy in the 20th Century. The Archives collection there and to provide a·aining to his counterpart. Center received its first major grant. constitute an important historical and philosophical resource of the Fellowships (by far, the most expensive of its programs). for scholars from around the countly and the world and are The Archives' holdings have continued to grow steadily. In 1977, the Sarah Scaife Foundation awarded $135,000 to the While additional University funds would be required for tl1e housed in the Special Collections Departlnent of the Hillman As of tl1e year 2002, the Archives include the scholarly papers Center to support its operating costs. This infusion of funds Fellows program until1999, the Wagner endowment largely Library. Visiting Fellows and Scholars routinely make use of Rudolf Carnap (acquired in 1974), Hans Reichenbach allowed tl1e Center to offer its first Visiting Fellowships, as provided the funds for tl1e Center to continue its Annual of the material in the Archives in their research, and the (1981), Frank P. Ramsey (1982), Rose Rand (1990), Bruno well as to begin a modest series of conferences. The original Lecture Series and conferences. Center has taken steps to facilitate their use of this resource, de Finetti (1991), Wilfrid Sellars (1991), Paul Hertz (1994), Scaife grant was followed by a second grant of $45,000 in In 1999, tl1e Scaife Foundation again became a Center especially during the summer months. Carl G. Hempel (1999), Wesley C. Salmon (2002). The 1980. benefactor. This time, it awarded the Center $56,000 to sup­ Arcruves also include the private working libraries of both During that same year, the Richard King Mellon Foundation port tl1e Visiting Fellows program for one year. During tl1at The Archives of Scientific Philosophy began with the Carnap and Reichenbach. In addition, they hold microfilm announced the first of several substantial grants. The Mellon same year, the Chancellor and tl1e Provost of tl1e University acquisition of the first major collection in 1974, the Carnap copies of the papers of Herbert Feigl, the manuscripts of Foundation's initial grant of $2 50,000 provided tl1e chief announced tl1at, in recognition of the Center's world-class Collection. By this time, Rudolf Carnap was deceased and the Ludwig Wittgenstein, and tl1e Archives for the History of operating funds for the Center for the next four years. This stature, they would create a $1 million University endowment Quantum Physics. grant was followed by a second grant of $300,000 in 1984, for the Center. Since their inception, the Archives and the Center Since their inception, the and a tl1ird grant of $3 50,000 in 1991. The bestowal of a total Although these major grants and endowments ensured the Archives and the Center have of $900,000 over 13 years provided the budgeta1y stability have enjoyed a close collaborative relationship. continued existence and growtl1 of the Center since 1977, enjoyed a close collaborative tl1e Center needed to formalize and solidify both its Fellows they were supplemented by various grants from a wide variety relationship. Charles Aston, program and its series of conferences, botl1 of which had of other sources. These alternative funding agencies almost Center Director negotiated the terms of the purchase with Head of Special Collections, was involved in the negotiations continued to grow in number and diversity since 1977 . Still, invariably directed their funds to support particular activities. Carnap's daughter and her agent. T he conditions for pur­ surrounding the Carnap Collection and continues to oversee the Center was dependent upon the renewal of these external For example, the Pittsburgh-Konstanz Colloquium series of chase of the collection included obtaining agreement not only tl1e administration of tl1e Archives. The Center has played grants to continue operating two of its three major programs conferences and publications would not have been possible upon a price, but also on the manner in which the collection a major role in each of the acquisitions of collections, which (the Fellowships and conference series). without support from both the Alexander von Humboldt­ would be housed and on which materials in the collection have come about largely due to the close contacts that some Stiftung and the German-American Academic Council. The would be sequestered. Once the papers were acquired, a Car­ of its members have with the legatees of the collections. The In November of 1992, the Center received a quite unexpect­ Latsis Foundation, directed by nap Collection Committee was formed to oversee the details Center was also instrumental in creating the positions of ed major gift from Harvey E. Wagner, tl1e Founder, Chair­ Dr. Spiro]. Latsis, has been the involved in administering the collection, which included curator and associate curator, and it continues to work witl1 man and Chief Executive Officer of chief financial sponsor of the preparing inventories of the papers. T he inventories would tl1e Archives' staff on a number of issues, such as determining Teknekron Corporation, Atl1ens-Pittsburgh Symposium prove to be vital for making the collection usable to outside access to the collections and developing promotional venues who publicly announced since its inception. Grants from scholars. The Carnap Collection was finally opened to the for advertising them. And, of course, tl1e Center initiated tl1e that he and his wife, Les- the National Science Founda­ public in 1979, four years after its acquisition. Pittsburgh-Konstanz collaboration, which remains one of the lie, were making an initial tion have been used to support hallmarks of the Archives. endowment of$1 million In 1981, the Archives succeeded in its second major acquisi­ to tl1e Center. Mr. Wagner numerous workshops since tion, the papers of Hans Reichenbach from his widow, had been an undergraduate 1961. Additionally, a number of "'"'5 S1 MILLION 1 foundations and centers have Dr. Maria Reichenbach. The manuscripts of Frank P. Ramsey student of Adolf Griinbaum C£NTER RE C£ ' u followed in 1982. In 1988, Gerald Heverly was appointed at Lehigh University from ..,...,.. pHILOSOPfl'f Of SCIENCE£ sors receive thank·you notes from former generously provided support PI. l 1 Some pro es the first professional curator. T he associate curator's positi on 1953 to 1957.Mr. Wagner JTTSBURGH, Feb. 5 - 1 million. for tl1e series of International P Adolf Grunbaurn got S . . 'ty of Pittsburgh was was created in 1996, and it has been filled by Brigitta Arden students. the uruvers\ Fellows Conferences (see attributed much of his suc­ undergraduate . hy of science at hief executive of 'fh Center for Phllosop chairman and c section titled Conferences since 1997. cess to Griinbaum's teaching e Harvey E. Wagner, . . ved in technology and inspiration, so he and . en $1 million recently by . Teknek.ron Corp. ts lnvo\ and Workshops). grv and his wife, Leshe. companies· his wife decided to make a Teknekron Corp., f "" high technology t chairman, development o ne ' founder and curren transfer and the . honor of the Centers L high University in ...,,__ ..... Ht was given ln . _ •l.ou were both at e . ~H • • • I I I 2000 Chancellor Mark Nordenoerg ana P.rovost James Maher create :10/26/01 The Fourth In-House Conference in tlie 5/01 . The Sarah Scaife Foundati a $1 million endowment fm the Center. of Science is held in P.ittsburgti. to the Visiting Fellows Progra Year Amount I Source Purpose 1960 $2,500 ! U.S. Steel Foundation Inc. Annual Lecture Series 1961 $2,500 U.S. Steel Foundation Inc. Annual Lecture Series 1961 $3,530 National Science Foundation Advanced Subject-Matter Institutes 1962 $6,000 National Science Foundation Publication support for Volume of Major Papers on Key Issues in the Philosophy of Science 1977 $135,000 Sarah Scaife Foundation Operating 1980 $45,000 Sarah Scaife Foundation Operating 1980 $250,000 R.K. Mellon Foundation Operating 1984 $300,000 R.K. Mellon Foundation Operating 1991 $350,000 R.K. Mellon Foundation Operating 1992 $1,000,000 Harvey and Leslie Wagner Endowment 1993 $30,000 Alexander von Humboldt- Second Meeting of the Pittsburgh-Konstanz Colloquium Stiftung (Germany) 1995 $25,000 Alexander von Humboldt- Third Meeting of the Pittsburgh-Konstanz Colloquium Stiftung (Germany) 1996 $12,500 Alexander von Humboldt- Conference on German-American Interactions in Stiftung (Germany) Scientific Philosophy 1996 $60,000 Florence Center (Italy) Third International Fellows Conference 1996 $31,480 Latsis Foundation (Switzerland) First Athens-Pittsburgh Symposium 1997 $9,300 Earhart Foundation Four-Way Workshop on Human Nature 1997 $6,000 Brandenberg Ministry for Four-Way Workshop on Human Nature Culture, Science, and Educational Research (Germany) 1997 $10,000 Max Planck Society (Germany) Four-Way Workshop on Human Nature 1997 $21,500 German-American Academic Fourth Meeting of the Pittsburgh-Konstanz Colloquium Council (Germany) 1998 $39,950 Latsis Foundation (Switzerland) Second Athens-Pittsburgh Symposium 1998 $48,900 German-American Academic Philosophy of Science and Science Policy Council (Germany) Planning Conference 1998 $12,271 National Science Foundation Workshop on Values in Scientific Research 1999 $21,500 German-American Academic Fifth Meeting of the Pittsburgh-Konstanz Coll oquium Council (Germany) 1999 $ 56,000 Sarah Scaife Foundation Visiting Fellows Program 1999 $ 8,100 National Science Foundation The Continental & Analytic Origins of Logical Empiricism: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives 2000 $10,000 Antorchas Foundation Fourth International Quadrennial Fellows Conference 2000 $54,175 Latsis Foundation (Switzerland) Third Athens-Pittsburgh Symposium 2000 $70,000 Bariloche Foundation (Argentina) Fourth International Quadrennial Fellows Conference 2000 $1,000,000 Offices of the Provost Endowment and Chancellor 2000 I $56,000 Sarah Scaife Foundation/ Visiting Fellows Program 2001 $58,000 Sarah Scaife Foundation Visiting Fellows Program VISITING F-E:LLOWS AND SCHOLARS

FROM NEAR AND FAR

University of Pittsburgh Center for Pbilosopby of Scimce 81': Cntbedml of Lenming Pittsburgh, P..--1 15160 u·u•w.pitt. ed u/-pittmtrl

'1'he L nivcrsiry of Pittsburgh is an ~tffirmaui,·c action, cquJI opportunity in-,ritution. Pul>lio.;hcd m cooperation "ith the Department of l ni\ ersity .\larketing Commwllcatlon,. I'R J 76H-l 00~