Nebraska Statewide Preservation Plan 2017-2021
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State Historic BUILDING ON THE Preservation Plan for the State of Nebraska, FUTURE OF OUR PAST 2017-2021 This plan sets forth our goals and objectives for Preservation for the state of Nebraska for the next five years. 1 Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 Chapter 1: Public Participation Process 3 Chapter 2: Summary of Current Knowledge of Nebraska Historical Periods 11 Chapter 3: A Vision of Preservation in Nebraska 19 Chapter 4: A Five-Year Vision for Historic Preservation in Nebraska 29 Bibliography 33 Appendix 1 Questions from the Nebraska State Historic Preservation Plan Survey 35 Appendix 2 List of National Register Properties listed between 2012-2016 38 Appendix 3 List of National Historic Landmarks in Nebraska 40 Appendix 4 Glossary 41 Appendix 5 Map of Nebraska Certified Local Governments 44 2 Executive Summary Every five years, the Nebraska State Historic Preservation Office (NeSHPO), a division of History Nebraska (formerly the Nebraska State Historical Society), prepares a statewide preservation plan that provides a set of goals regarding preservation for the entire state. This plan sets forth goals and objectives for Preservation for the state of Nebraska for the next five years. In developing this plan, we engaged with the people of Nebraska to learn about their objectives and opportunities for preservation in their communities. This plan seeks to create a new vision for the future and set goals that will address the needs of stakeholders and ensure the support, use and protection of Nebraska’s historic resources. VISION The Nebraska State Historic Preservation Office seeks to understand the historic and cultural resources that encompass aspects of our state’s history to evaluate the programs, preservation partnerships and state and federal legislation that can be used to preserve these resources and their relative successes and failures. In an effort to manage change, which naturally occurs with the passage of time, the NeSHPO studies our historic resources, records information for posterity and makes the information available to the public, and promotes preservation through grants to CLGs and preservation incentive programs. 2017-2022 Historic Preservation Goals Goal 1: Identify and Work with Preservation Partners to preserve all Nebraskans’ history Partner with community stakeholders to preserve and enhance historic downtowns and rural communities. This may be done with local preservation advocacy groups or Certified Local Governments, statewide organizations such as the Nebraska Main Street Network, THPOs, or with minority or under-represented groups to document and preserve their historic resources. Goal 2: Identification and Assessment Intensify efforts to locate and assess Nebraska’s significant historic and cultural places through identification, survey, research, evaluation, and registration. Goal 3: Increase Access to our Inventory Data For several decades the Nebraska Historic Resources Survey and Inventory and the Nebraska Archeological Survey have accumulated thousands of records on archeological and historic sites. There is public demand to put our databases online in some form, being mindful to protect sensitive information, for researchers, preservation advocates, federal agencies and consultants. Goal 4: Funding and Incentives for Historic Preservation Work cooperatively with federal and state agencies to publicize the availability of sources of funding for preservation; promote the use of the Federal Investment Tax Credit Program, the Nebraska Historic Tax Credit Program, and the Valuation Incentive Program. 3 Chapter 1 Public Participation Process In developing this plan, a large number of constituents and preservation partners joined to provide input. In the past, the SHPO has held public meetings across the state in an effort to create a local dialog and garner information and local priorities for our Preservation Plan. During the last planning phase, we noted that far fewer members of the public opted to attend, and in the intervening years, other types of public meetings we have held have been declining in attendance. We made the assumption that these attendance declines indicated additional public meetings might not be the best use of our time and travel budget, and focused our efforts on electronic means. This process was designed to include general audiences through a survey hosted on SurveyMonkey™. Many of these were identified through objectives addressed in the 2012-2016 statewide preservation plan. For instance, sometimes comments indicate to us that there is an increased interest in learning different aspects of preservation, such as “green” preservation projects or ways that we might utilize new technologies like mobile apps to support our goals and fulfill the public’s interests. History Nebraska used a SurveyMonkey™ survey to solicit opinions regarding preservation. The online survey was advertised on our website, social media (Facebook and Instagram), and through Nebraska State Historic Preservation Office newsletters and targeted emails to groups who were known to have a stake in preservation’s future. It is difficult to estimate how many Nebraskans received our request to contribute to our survey, but between some of the larger organizations to which we extended an invitation, the potential for responses should have been at least 2000 individuals. If that is a good estimate, we got a 10% response rate. Groups contacted: History Nebraska staff, board members, and trustees State Senators Nebraska Certified Local Governments (CLGs) Main Street Nebraska Network Preservation Association of Lincoln Restoration Exchange Omaha Gage County Heritage Preservation Plattsmouth Conservancy Nebraska Association of Professional Archeologists (NAPA) National Park Service Midwest Archeological Center (MWAC) Nebraska Archeological Society Nebraska Association of County Officials (NACO) League of Nebraska Municipalities (LMN) Nebraska Land Trust Nebraska Environmental Trust American Institute of Architects, Nebraska Chapter Nebraska Department of Economic Development Nebraska Department of Transportation (NDOT) Nebraska Tourism Commission Nebraska Byways 4 Nebraska Department of Environmental Quality (NDEQ) Nebraska Arts Council Nebraska Game & Parks Commission Nebraska Museums Association Ponca Tribe of Nebraska Historic Preservation Office (THPO) Santee Sioux Nation Historic Preservation Office (THPO) Omaha Tribe of Nebraska Historic Preservation Office (THPO) Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska Historic Preservation Office (THPO) Concordia University Creighton University Nebraska Wesleyan University Peru State College University of Nebraska, Kearney University of Nebraska, Lincoln University of Nebraska, Omaha local libraries local museums/historical societies 5 Survey Results – The Respondents The various means of communicating the survey netted 224 responses, representing approximately two thirds of the counties in the state. Ninety-five responses (or 45%) came from Congressional District 1, the most densely populated area in our state located around Omaha. District 2, a large swath of the state that encompasses the eastern half of the state to roughly the 6th Principal Meridian (excluding District 1), was represented by 37 respondents, or 17% of survey takers. The western two thirds of Nebraska make up District 3, and they had 65 respondents or 30% of the total. We also had seventeen responses from outside of the state, former Nebraskans who maintain an interest in their state. They responded from westerns states: Idaho, California, New Mexico, Oregon, and Washington. The vast majority of respondents stated that they were either concerned citizens and amateur historians, local or county historical society members, or owners of historic properties, followed by smaller numbers of educators and librarians, state government officials or staff, Main Street or downtown development organizations, and local government officials, staff or commission members. We also asked that our respondents identify their age within a range of years. Out of the 224 responses we received, 29% were in the age group between 20 and 39, 31% fall between ages 40 and 59, and 40% were over age 60. Survey Results – Their Answers Among the various questions, respondents were asked to identify the top 5 preservation activities out of 21 options that those in the preservation movement in Nebraska should focus on in the coming years. The options were devised from previous suggestions coming from the public, with the additional option for the respondent to provide comments or suggestions. Below is how they ranked according to the vote count. Which preservation activities should the SHPO give priority to during the next few years? Partnering with other groups to preserve and enhance historic downtowns and rural 98 communities Promoting communication and awareness of historic and archeological records 63 Making historic and archeological inventory information more accessible 57 Surveying/collecting information about historic properties 53 Working with communities to develop or repair state historical markers 49 Federal and state incentives for preservation projects 48 Cemetery preservation 47 Assisting local preservation commissions 47 Working with minority/under-represented groups to document and preserve their historic 47 resources Promoting Tribal Historic Preservation programs 46 Training/workshops for preservation-related trades 42 Making it easier to submit, track, and look up project/property information through our 42