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BINDURA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE EDUCATION FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES DEPARTMENT OF PEACE AND GOVERNANCE DONOR AGENCIES AND THE PROVISION OF FOOD AID IN GWANDA DISTRICT NTALALE VILLAGE, WARD 11 FROM 2012 TO 2016 BY HWINDINGWI TARIRO REGISTRATION NUMBER B1337149 A PROJECT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE HONOURS IN PEACE AND GOVERNANCE DEGREE OF BINDURA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE EDUCATION MAY 2017 RELEASE FORM Name of Author HWINDINGWI TARIRO Project Title DONOR AGENCIES AND THE PROVISION OF FOOD AID IN GWANDA DISTRICT NTALALE VILLAGE WARD 11 FROM 2011 TO 2016 Programme BACHELOR OF SCIENCE HONOURS IN PEACE AND GOVERNANCE Declaration I declare that the information contained herein is the researcher’s and permission is hereby granted to the Bindura University of Science Education to produce copies of this dissertation and to lend or sell such copies for private, scholarly or scientific research purposes only. The author does not reserve publication rights and the dissertation may have extensive extracts from it be printed or otherwise produced without the author’s written consent. Signed ………………………………………. Permanent Address 195 MUTARE ROAD GREENDALE HARARE Date 28 APRIL 2017 i APPROVAL FORM DONOR AGENCIES AND THE PROVISION OF FOOD AID IN GWANDA DISTRICT NTALALE VILLAGE WARD 11 FROM 2011 TO 2016. 1. To Be Completed By The Student: I certify that this dissertation meets the preparation guidelines as presented in the faculty guide and instructions for typing dissertations. Name of Student HWINDINGWI TARIRO Signature of Student ………………………….. Date ………………………….. 2. To Be Completed By The Project Supervisor: This dissertation is suitable for submission to the faculty. This dissertation has been checked for conformity with the faculty guidelines. Name of Project Supervisor…………………………………………… Signature of Project Supervisor……………………………………… Date……………………………………………… 3. To Be Completed By The Chairperson Of The Department: I certify to the best of my knowledge that the required procedures have been followed and the preparation criteria has been met for this dissertation. Signature of Chairperson ………………………………………………………….. Date ……………………………………… ii DECLARATION FORM I, Hwindingwi Tariro, do hereby declare that the work contained in this dissertation is entirely a product of my own original work with the exception of such quotations or references which have been attributed to their sources. Signed………………………………………… Date………………………………………….. iii DEDICATION This work is an inspiration and dedication to my cherished and treasured parents John and Dagma Hwindingwi. Thank you for raising me to be what I am today and making my dream come true by sending me to school. You are the best parents. The dedication extends to my brother Tinotenda and my sister Tanatswa for giving me courage and words of inspiration to continue with my studies. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This study has been a collaborative undertaking with significant contributions from Dr R Chipaike for his dedicated supervision, constructive criticisms, comments and contributions throughout this research. I am grateful for the professionalism, encouragement, dedication and care that are not such a common combination which he applied to the whole research. He built my scattered thoughts into a scholarly and coherent academic final product. I would like to give special thanks to the Department of Peace and Governance. I unreservedly thank the Ward Councilor of Gwanda District ward 11, direct respondents in Ntalale Village, the donor agencies and the Gwanda Rural District Administrator for their contributions to this study. For this research I acquired moral support from my beloved friends and family who kept pushing me to greater lengths in order for this project to be a success. To the Most High God thank you for keeping me safe throughout this academic journey, praise be unto you, my Protector and my guiding Light, I SALUTE YOU! v Table of Contents RELEASE FORM ............................................................................................................................. APPROVAL FORM ....................................................................................................................... ii DECLARATION FORM ............................................................................................................... iii DEDICATION ............................................................................................................................... iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................ v TABLE OF CONTENTS………………………………………………………………………... vi LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................ x LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................................ xii ABSTRACT ................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Abbreviations and Acronyms……………………………………………………………….......xiii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background of the study ....................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Statement of the problem ...................................................................................................... 4 1.3 Aim ........................................................................................................................................ 4 1.4 Objectives .............................................................................................................................. 4 1.5 Research questions/ sub problems......................................................................................... 5 1.6 Assumptions .......................................................................................................................... 5 1.7 Significance of study ............................................................................................................. 5 1.8 Limitations ............................................................................................................................ 5 1.9 Delimitations ......................................................................................................................... 6 1.10 Key definitions .................................................................................................................... 6 1.11 Summary ............................................................................................................................. 7 1.12 Chapter Outline……………………………………………………………………………7 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................. 9 2.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 9 2.2 Theoretical Framework ......................................................................................................... 9 2.2.1 Human Needs Theory ..................................................................................................... 9 2.3 Conceptual Framework ....................................................................................................... 10 2.3.1 The concept of food security ........................................................................................ 10 vi 2.4 Components of food security .............................................................................................. 11 2.4.1. Food availability .......................................................................................................... 11 2.4.2 Food accessibility ......................................................................................................... 12 2.4.3 Food utilization ............................................................................................................. 12 2.4.4 Food stability ................................................................................................................ 13 2.5 Causes of food insecurity .................................................................................................... 13 2.5.1 Climate change ............................................................................................................. 13 2.5.2 Low agricultural productivity ....................................................................................... 14 2.5.3 Land degradation .......................................................................................................... 14 2.5.4 Population growth......................................................................................................... 15 2.6 Effects of food insecurity .................................................................................................... 15 2.7 Emergence of donor agencies and food security ................................................................. 16 2.8 Impact of donor agencies in food security .......................................................................... 17 2.9 Research Gaps ..................................................................................................................... 18 2.10 Summary ..........................................................................................................................