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| City/State Zip | Haband is a conscientious family business operating by U.S. Mail since 1925. Over 2 million customers! MAY 1984 THE AMERICAN LEGION The Magazine for a Strong America

Volume 116, Number 5

SPECIAL REPORT

P. 12

America's Industry: Preparing for Crisis Departments

1 1 The Uncompromising Reality 3 Letters Attack can come at any time and we are not ready.

5 Commander's Message 12 The US Economy: Where's It Going? Secretary of Commerce Malcolm Baldrige assesses 7 Dateline Washington the nation's economic health and its problems. 16 Can US Industry Mobilize? 9 Big Issues By Cleveland Lane Rapid mobilization seems out of reach for American industry today. 22 Perspective P. 16

18 What Is the Major Problem? What Should Be Done? 27 Veterans Update Four key business and industrial leaders present their views.

30 Profiles In Service 20 KGB vs. the USA By John Barron 34 Legion News Can we stop massive industrial espionage within the US?

35 Post Of The Month 24 A Photo Essay: Our Modern Navy By Edward L. Beach and Fred J. Maroon 36 Outfit Reunions Dramatic color photographs of today's Navy

56 Parting Shots 28 Sentinels of the Tomb By Henry N. Ferguson 32 Convention Crossroads 1984 By Mike C. Korologos

COVER BY: KENNETH GARRETT/ 54 Smart Cars Are Coming! WOODFIN CAMP, INC By Gary Turbak

P. 54

The American Legion Magazine, a recognized leader among national general-interest publications, is published monthly by The American Legion for its 2.5 million members. These military-service veterans, working through 16,000 community-level Posts, dedicate themselves to God and country and traditional American values; a strong national security; adequate and compassionate care for veterans, their widows and orphans; community service, and the wholesome development of our nation's youth.

1 1

THE AMERICAN Special 10% Discount For Legionnaires: LEGION Cruise QE2 MAGAZINE Editorial Offices 700 North Pennsylvania St. P.O. Box 1055 Indianapolis, IN 46206 ToThe Sun. 317-635-8411 Keith Kreul 2nd Person Pats LessThan Minimum Rate! National Commander

QE2: 24-hour city at sea! James N. Sites Publisher/Editor in Chief Designed for your comfort, enjoyment and luxury with state-of-the-art amenities: "Computer Learning Center"; California's famed "Golden Daniel S. Wheeler Assistant Publisher/Editor Door" health spa with Jacuzzi® Whirlpool Baths, sauna, gym. Dance under the stars in the new "Magrodome Indoor/Outdoor Center." Enjoy Philip F. Van Pelt Managing Editor superb world-class restaurants, nightclubs, casino. Ward A. Beckham 7 opportunities to sail Staff Writer QE2 and save! James A. Chaney Art Editor June 24 (3 days) Party cruise from N.Y., from $615. Dwight E. Lamb Production Manager Aug. 11 (8 days) N.Y. to Quebec (overnight), Ingonish, Sydney, Advertising N.Y., from $1,445. Contacts: Bernlce Holbrook Sept. 26 (5 days) N.Y. to Bermuda The American Legion Magazine (overnight), N.Y, from $900. 700 North Pennsylvania St., P.O. Box 7068 Oct. 24 Party cruise from N.Y, from Indianapolis, IN 46207 $615. 317-635-841

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Dec. 21 (14 days) NY, (10 days from Pt. Everglades), to such ports The American Legion as Freeport, St. Thomas, Magazine Commission Milford A Forrester. Chairman, Greenville, Barbados, Caracas (La SC; James V Kissner, Vice Chairman, Guaira), Pt. Everglades, N.Y. Palatine, IL; James R. Kelley, National Com- (No 2nd-person rate on this mander's Representative, Wayne, PA, Nor- cruise.) From $2,580. man Biebel, Belleville, IL, Adolph F, Bremer, Winona, MN; Victor Broom, Fulton, MS; John Jan. 4 (8 days from N.Y.) San Juan, J Dunn Sr., Scranton, PA; Wayne J. Painter, St. Thomas, St. Maarten, Milwaukee, Wl, Eugene J. Kelley, Savannah, GA, Frank J Holcshuh, Youngstown, OH; N.Y, from $1,445. Russell H. Laird, Des Moines, IA, Arthur M. Book now for Legionnaires' McDowell, Indianapolis, IN. Nathaniel J. McKee, Princeton, NJ; J. Fred Mitchell, Brew- savings! ton, AL; J H Morris, Baton Rouge, LA, Bruce E. Penny, Seattle, WA; Floyd J. Rogers, To- In most categories, 2nd person in peka, KS, George G. Sinopoli, Fresno, CA; Ralph L. Smith, Bartlesville. OK; Dewey C. stateroom pays less than minimum Spencer, Mabelvale, AR; Benjamin B. rate—3rd and 4th even less! All this, Truskoski, Bristol, CT, George J. Zanos Sr., Wellsburg, WV, Margaret M. Malone, Consul- dis- plus special Legionnaires' 10% tant, Trenton, NJ; Casimir F. Sojka, Consul- count. For reservations and informa- tant, New Rochelle. NY. tion, phone Les Kertes, toll-free, at

800-645-2120. N.Y. residents call col- Copyright 1984 by The American Legion lect at (212) 895-7062. Or send coupon Price: Annual subscription, $12.00; single for details. British Registry copy, $1.00. To subscribe, send $12.00 are per person, double occupancy, subject to availability. ($18 00 in foreign countries) to Circulation Dept., P.O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206. 1

"j Mr. Les Kertes, Hartford Holidays Change of Address: Notify your local Post Adjutant and The American Legion's Circula- P.O. Box 462, 277 Northern Blvd. tion Dept , PO Box 1954, Indianapolis, IN L1ZABETH L c reatNeck, NY 11022 46206. Attach old address label, provide old and new addresses and current membership for change of Send me more information on special QE2 cruise card number. Allow 8 weeks address to take effect. opportunities for Legionnaires and their families.

To request microfilm copies, please write to: University Microfilms, 300 N. Zeeb Rd., Ann Arbor, Ml 48106

^Bc|) Member Audit Bureau of Circulations ZIP

) 1984 Cunard THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE LETTERS TO THE EDITOR DIRECT FROM U.S. OPTICS™ QUALITY SUNGLASSES AT FACTORY PRICES Each pair features: Impact resistant lenses • in the region. Its naval force, which Handcrafted • Polished glass lenses • Hardened Strategy Council dominates the area east of the Turkish metal frames • No non-sense guarantee. straits, has the capacity to create a FREE—limited time only-deluxe velour lined case And the TOA stronger western military presence in with each pair of glasses ordered (a $3.00 value). Credit cards accepted. Dealer inquiries invited. Congratulations to The American the eastern Mediterranean Sea to NOTICE: Don't be fooled by cheap Imitations. Legion for publishing Frank Barnett's counter the Soviet navy. The fact that These glasses are made exclusively for U.S. "TOA: A New Strategy for the Free Israel is located halfway between Optics™ To make sure you get the best, order World," and Gen. Wedemeyer's Europe and the Persian Gulf also now and If not completely satisfied return for refund within 30 days. »copynght 1933 u s optics" "Needed Now: A National Strategy makes it an ideal deployment state for Council." Both articles are timely and conflicts in either arena. complementary; in fact, given the re- While we can agree that it would be spective talents of the two authors, wonderful if the entire free world either might just as easily and with formed a new coalition to counter equal authority have written the arti- Soviet expansion, such coalitions must cle authored by the other. I have be based on the realities of power and World Famous Pilot's Glasses copied each for dispatch to my two politics. To ignore the only democratic #20P These precision flight glasses are now available to the senators and my district congressman, nation there, Israel, while trying to public for only $7.95 If you could buy them elsewhere, they'd probably cost you over $20 00. available in gold or their attract countries struggling with their encouraging understanding and silver frames. A $20 00 value only $7.95. 2 pairs lor $14.00. support; indeed, their forceful leader- own internal problems (such as In- ship in bringing about some movement donesia or Korea) will do nothing to at an early date toward each objective. counter Soviet expansionism. Joseph M. Phillips Joseph Zoldan Bellevue, Wash. National Commander Jewish War Veterans of USA The article "TOA: A New Strategy For the Free World" by Frank R. Nuclear Freeze #30A Flexible cable temples, gold frame only Barnett (February), discusses an al- A $30.00 value only $9 95 2 pairs lor $18.00. liance of various states that could help In re the nuclear weapons debate: counter Soviet expansionism. Bar- 1. Should the nuclear weapons de- nett's choice of countries for this fending our country instantly disap- Three Ocean Alliance, however, are pear, as some factions seem to wish, unrealistic and idealistic. He writes our remaining freedom would be mea- that the nations forming the TOA sured in minutes. Defenseless then, should be those who are willing to we might expect the same brand of make military commitments to defend compassion as bestowed upon the the Persian Gulf — but the countries passengers of KAL Flight 007. #30C Lenses darken outdoors, change back to lighter tints indoors, gold frame only A $30.00 value only $14 95. 2 pairs lor $28.00. that he names, such as Japan and 2. Without the firm resolve to use Brazil, have shown no inclination to these weapons if we are attacked, they project forces there. Furthermore, he are of no more value to our nation's demands that TOA acknowledge the defenses than an empty revolver is to "Persian Gulf states as major world a threatened police officer. powers." Although rich in oil, such Until a satisfactory alternative is states as Kuwait and Saudi Arabia found to replace our nuclear defense, have shown themselves militarily let us keep these two facts firmly in weak as well as unwilling to enter into mind and realize the startling truth: Prolesslonal Driving & Shooting Glasses an open alliance with the West. We owe our freedom to the nuclear #30D Wide angle amber lenses brighten visibility, gold frame only A $30 00 value only $14.95 2 pairs tor $28.00. Mr. Barnett also overlooks one of forces that defend our country. the strongest countries that would be- David M. Nelson To order your U.S. Optics" sunglasses, send check or money order to U.S. Optics, Dept.307, P.O. Box 14206, Atlanta, Georgia nefit from any form of a TOA — Is- Green Bay, Wis. 30324. Credit card customers please fill in card * and Exp. date. rael. At this time, Israel and the QUANTITY MODEL * GOLD SILVER PRICE United States are formulating a A freeze would lock in existing nu- 20P 30A X Strategic Cooperation Agreement de- clear inequalities, while making further 30C X signed to discourage Soviet advance- progress in arms control difficult if not 30D X Add Postage, Handling, and Insurance ments in the Persian Gulf. Israel is the impossible. The US and our allies $1.00 per pair perfect choice for this task. Unlike would be locked into a position of mili- Total many of the other nations involved in tary disadvantage and vulnerability. As Credit card orders may call 1-404-252-0703. Barnett's TOA, Israel has a fighting their military capability has grown, the force stronger than any other country Soviets have increasingly resorted to Visa or Master Charge * Exp. Date the use of military force directly or Name Letters published do not necessarily through proxies such as Cuba, to inter- express the policy of The American vene in areas farther and farther from Address Legion. We reserve the right to select their borders. The invasion of Af- and excerpt letters for publication. Continued on page 26 City State Zip FREE case with each pair. MAY 1984 — urcaps are offto theveterans.

It's a debt that can never be repaid. industry leader in hiring the veteran. That's how we feel about the men More than 30 percent of Coors' work and women who have put their lives force —some 2,000 employees on the line to defend our nation. are veterans. And that's why Coors feels a very Because of this outstanding real obligation to provide them with veteran hiring record, Coors has good jobs and the training they need and want received several awards such as the Disabled As a matter of fact, we have reason to American Veterans National Employer of the believe that Coors supports veterans more Year award and the Secretary of Labor's than any other firm in our industry. Recognition award. For many years, Coors has quietly been the American Veterans—Our caps are off to you.

©1983 Adolph Coors Company, Golden, Colorado 80401 • Brewer of Fine Quality Beers Since 1873 COMMANDERS MESSAGE

The Glory We Honor on Memorial Day

Iohn Alexander Logan, by all ac- Placing flags on graves, however counts, was a controversial figure. important an annual project of the He served as a virtually unschooled, Legion, is by no means its only con- 17-year-old lieutenant of volunteers in cern on Memorial Day, this year or the Mexican War (1843) and, as a bre- any year. Virtually every one of our vet major general of volunteers, he 16,000 Posts worldwide also takes part commanded the Army of the Tennes- in local, community, state, regional see at the Battle of Atlanta in 1864. and even national rites honoring the Because he was relieved of his com- men and women who gave their last mand immediately after that battle, al- precious breaths defending and ad- legedly for paying too little attention vancing the principles that have made to logistical matters, and because his America what it is today. often abrasive personality grated Certainly, not every WWI dough- harshly on subordinates and superiors boy, WWII fighter pilot, Korean War alike, military historian Bruce Catton infantryman or Vietnam "grunt" con- wrote disparagingly of him, calling him sciously thought every instant about " "one of Lincoln's 'political generals.' what it was he was fighting for. Com- Whatever his prowess as a soldier, bat veterans know as no one else that Logan knew valor when he saw it. soldiers, sailors, airmen and Marines After the Civil War, he led efforts to fight primarily to live until the next establish the Grand Army of the Re- Natl. Cdr. Keith Kreul hot meal, the next dawn, the day public as an organization of Union they're scheduled to rotate stateside. Army veterans. As the GAR's When you're shivering in three inches commander-in-chief in 1868, he origi- of nearly frozen mud in the bottom of nated the idea of a national observance "The best memorial your foxhole or watching a kamikaze to honor fallen comrades: Decoration we can offer is our pilot head straight for the gun tub Day, now celebrated each May as you're standing in, you don't think Memorial Day. resolve to be true much about glory. Logan, however, did not originate But the glory is still there — be- to America's ideals." the custom of decorating the graves of cause it is America itself. Just to be fallen soldiers. While the Civil War born in this land is a glory which mil- was still in progress, families through- lions of immigrants have sought for out the South had begun strewing flies over their graves, both in national their children. To live in America, in spring flowers upon the graves of both cemeteries within the US and wher- the greatest free society on the face of Confederate and Union soldiers, usu- ever else in the world our heroes lie. the globe, is a glory that virtually ally on May 30 or 31, or during the Since 1935, we have allocated funds to every human recognizes somewhere in first few days of June. Logan's idea an Overseas Graves Decoration Trust, his innermost heart. To serve this na- simply was to extend the observance to insure that, at least once every year, tion in war also is a glory, whether we throughout the nation. Old Glory streams anew above the silent consciously think about it or not. To Since its inception, The American tombs of those who, in Lincoln's words, die defending America is the final Legion, too, has been ever conscious gave their "last full measure of devo- glory. And it is their glory — that of of the debt we who survived our na- tion" to the cause of liberty. those who answered America's call tion's wars owe our comrades who Nor do we forget our allies. In 1984, and never returned — that we who gave their lives defending liberty. for example, The American Legion have survived remember most on That's why, since 1921, Legionnaires purchased 6,924 American, French, Memorial Day, with a profound sense have led the nation in honoring our British, Belgian, Norwegian, Danish of reverence and gratitude. war dead — especially on Memorial and Swedish flags for placement in The best memorial we can offer our Day, but also throughout the year. Memorial Day observances overseas fallen comrades, consequently, is our We honor our fallen comrades in by the American Overseas Memorial collective resolve to be true to Ameri- many ways: with speeches, parades, Day Associations, Inc., headquartered ca's ideals of justice and liberty. That's rifle salutes, prayers. We see to it that in Paris, France. We also contributed the glory that John A. Logan saw and the flag for which our comrades fought $4,500 to this observance. honored— to his everlasting glory.

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The Sinister Dimension also has been used to block importation of prison camp products from Cuba. Of 'Star Wars' Video Games On Capitol Hill, a growing bloc led by Sen. William L. Americans may find video games — particularly the Armstrong, R.-Colo., has been pressing for a ones that can be played on home computers — exciting resolution that would press the administration to or boring. Such games, though, are of special attrac- tighten the ban, especially against the USSR. tion to the Soviet Union. That's because the games Testimony before Congress indicates that as many as the Russians want to play with US-made machines 1,100 forced labor camps in Russia contain some 4 have military applications. Now the US is trying million political and religious dissidents, who live and hard to keep the gadgets from being exported to Moscow. work in extreme hardship. These inmates annually How is Washington going to keep microcomputers produce about $250 million worth of lumber, furniture, from straying into Communist territory? The TV-radio cabinets, chessmen, cardboard containers, government is striving to persuade our allies to join in glassware, electronics, auto parts, ore and tea. an export control system that will keep the devices in The ban issue, long dormant, has been revived in the friendly hands. The US argues that personal com- wake of the KAL 007 incident last September. The ques- puters, which play at wars in space, also can be used tion also arose during the fight over Russia's suc- for military communications, targeting and other cessful move to build a pipeline into Western Europe. training and combat applications. Home computers can be readily purchased throughout the Free World and can be smuggled into Counterfeit Goods Cost US the USSR one at a time. Still, the US argues, why make it easy for the Russians to obtain the advanced techno- 131,000 lobs, Study Finds logical knowledge possessed by our home computers? Counterfeit goods of all kinds, including the most sophisticated technological products, are pouring into

9 the US from 43 countries, at an annual cost of $6 to $8 'Underground Economy billion and the loss of 131,000 American jobs, newly completed research by the US International Trade Seen at $222 Billion a Year Commission indicates. The US itself is the principal The tradition that Americans pay their taxes, source of fake and often defective aircraft parts, says however grudgingly, may be more a matter of fancy the report. than fact. The latest study by Congress's Joint Eco- This widespread stealing of American patents and nomic Committee estimates that our "underground copyrights is not only an unfair foreign trade practice, economy" currently amounts to $222 billion a year, all warns a House Commerce subcommittee, but the of it concealed from tax-collectors. practice also threatens American health and life. Any This invisible economy includes employers and American who drives a car, flies in an aircraft or workers who fail to report income, or who deal only in depends on a wide range of medical devices, cash, as well as operators of criminal activities such as pharmaceuticals or personal care products is placed in gambling, prostitution and drug-trafficking. The jeopardy because of substandard and dangerous for- committee's estimate is conservative; other calcu- eign counterfeit products, according to Rep. John D. lations put the tax-skimming activities at $600 billion. Dingell, D.-Mich. The Internal Revenue Service is, to be sure, hot on The subcommittee charged that for some so-called the trail of some of these tax dodgers, but the problem Third World countries the counterfeiting of is immense. What else can be done? Sen. Roger W. brandname products was a "national industrial Jepsen, R.-Iowa, committee chairman, suggests development strategy." Even US space shuttle and reduction of high marginal tax rates and elimination military missile systems have been victimized by of onerous government regulations. commercial pirates, the subcommittee reported. The two reports have stimulated action in Congress to put teeth into laws to halt the flood of fake products Pressure for Ban on Imports streaming through our borders and to crack down on US manufacturers who cheat on quality standards. Of 'Gulag-Made' Items Grows Rising voices are heard on both sides of Congress calling for enforcement of a ban on the importation of products made by forced labor in Russia. In fact, a Quote of the Month 50-year-old law prohibiting such goods from entering "The more you sweat in peace, the less you bleed the US already exists. The law was used once in 1951 to in war." block imports of crab meat from the Soviet Union; it Admiral Hyman G. Rickover, USN (Ret.)

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Should We Abolish Peacetime Draft Registration?

Rep. Ronald E. Paul, R-Texas Rep. Gerald B. Solomon, R -NY

I served over two years We live in a world too often as an Air Force flight dominated by terrorists and surgeon, and I consider YES totalitarians who prey on an honor to have helped defend my weakness. That is why the key to peace country. Much of this honor, however, is preparedness.

came from the fact that I chose to serve. President Reagan's "Peace Through There are compelling reasons why re- Strength" program seeks to deter nu- gistration must be abolished. clear war through a program of pre- On the practical side, draft registra- paredness for our strategic nuclear tion is proving to be costly and ineffective. Administering forces. However, we must also be prepared for con- the Selective Service System will cost around $25 million ventional military confrontations.

for 1984 alone, money which could better be applied toward To do all this, we need more than hardware. We need a our true defense needs. Further, some experts believe regis- volunteer military force of well-trained and well-motivated tration would reduce mobilization time from 110 to 90 days. men and women, along with a reserve ready for active duty. My strongest objections to draft registration are philo- What's more, we need to be able to mobilize citizen- sophical and moral. Registration only becomes necessary soldiers whenever our nation's peace and security are when a draft is contemplated. To me, the draft is antitheti- threatened. This mobilization must be swift. It must be cal to the ideals that we Americans cherish. fair. It must be credible to our adversaries. It requires I am not alone in these objections. Champions of individ- peacetime draft registration. ual liberty throughout our nation's history —men such as Some say we should wait until an emergency requires Daniel Webster and the late Sen. Robert A. Taft — have mobilization before registering young men, as we did dur- opposed conscription as a means of defending our land. ing both world wars. But those wars began in Europe and Proponents of draft registration and the draft claim that raged for years before our involvement. By then, we were young men have a legal obligation to defend the US, an psychologically prepared. Today, we have inherited the

obligation that supersedes their rights as individuals. I do mantle of responsibility for Western democracy. We no

not believe such an obligation exists. Yet even if it did, it longer have the luxury of the onlooker. would exist for all Americans —young and old, male and Besides, imagine the pressures that would accompany female. I do not believe that the obligation of all should be any emergency immobilization. If we waited until then to borne involuntarily by a selected few. start registration — and assuming everything went Conscription would be an ineffective means of meeting perfectly — we could not deliver the first men for eight the changing manpower needs of the modern military. Nu- weeksl By contrast, thanks to the system now administered clear weapons and other high-tech weaponry have changed by our Selective Service System, the first inductees could the way in which nations wage war. In addition, high report to camp in 13 days. Those inducted would also have technology has increased the military's need for individuals the assurance that their selection was fair.

with technical expertise. I am proud to have authored the law requiring college This need cannot be met efficiently by a draft. Draftees men to register for the draft before they can receive would receive technical training, only to leave as soon as taxpayer-funded student aid. This law has brought com- their stints were up. Military service should be made an pliance rates up to nearly 100 percent. attractive career option, so that those with technical ex- In event of a draft, we thus are guaranteed that draftees pertise will choose to remain in the armed services. would be chosen from a pool that includes all those eligible.

The United States is a great nation, endowed with re- We do not plan a draft; I pray we will never need one. sources and institutions worth defending. To provide this But, in the words of Gen. Thomas Turnage, director of the

defense by conscription is, in the words of Daniel Webster, Selective Service System, "Registration is a powerful "an exercise of perverse ingenuity to extract slavery from weapon — a defensive weapon — that has a rightful place in the substance of a free government." America's arsenal alongside bombers and missiles."

MAY 1984 9 — —

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America's Industry: Preparing for Crisis

Attack! It could happen today, or tomorrow, next week, next month, next year — or never. It's not nuclear war we're referring to, for that would destroy US industrial capacity almost totally. Conventional war is the particular problem, or some other national emergency requiring the nation to be mobilized quickly onto a warlike footing. That is the scenario that, for all of America's vaunted industrial might, deeply disturbs our military, business, industrial and government leaders. Why? The hard truth is that the US is not ready now to fight and support a large-scale conventional war, such as might occur if Communist forces suddenly assaulted Western Europe. Or if we suddenly faced another Korea or Vietnam, not to mention the hor- ror of two such conflicts at once. How we got into this untenable, alarming position, and what the US must do to correct it, is the subject of this Special Report by The American Legion Magazine. In the following pages, you will learn of Secretary of Commerce Malcolm Baldrige's assessment of the nation's overall economic health; the sorry state of industrial readiness for crisis, by a noted observer of governmental affairs; the expert views of four leaders of America's industrial and business community, and the jolting ac- count by a former naval intelligence officer of how Soviet Russia

. advances its military might by sponsoring concerted industrial es- pionage within the US. A strong America is impossible without a strong economy. That is the productive foundation upon which a strong defense is built — and even more so in this increasingly complex era of high technol- ogy and sophisticated knowledge requirements. It's against this un- compromising reality that THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE has produced this Special Report, as a service to both our readers and the public at large.

MAY 1984 11 Legion Magazine: Mr. Secretary, what can The US people look forward to in terms of economic re- covery in 1984-85? Secretary Baldrige: We are projecting about a 4V2 percent growth rate of the Gross National Prod- uct from the fourth quarter of 1983 to the fourth Economy: quarter of '84. That's real growth — after allowing for inflation. Then, it should drop to 4 percent in 1985. Those are good figures, though, because they show we are now in an expansion phase, not a recovery Where's phase. And it's much better to have a moderate ex- pansion that can be sustained, instead of the boom- and-bust cycles we've had too many times over the past 20 years. If we can keep growth rates some- where in the 4 percent area, we will be able to control It Going? inflation a lot better and keep the expansion lasting longer than if we get into an overheated economy.

Q" What inflation trends do you foresee? - If we can engineer the kind of expansion we are MI talking about, we can probably keep inflation below 5 percent. That isn't the best of all worlds, but

it's close to it.

Qi What was last year's inflation rate? _ Around 4 percent. This year, I think it will be Al somewhere around 4% percent.

Even though inflation seems to be under con- trol and unemployment

is declining, serious eco- nomic problems remain.

Foremost among these is the spiraling federal def-

icit which, according to Secretary of Commerce Malcolm Baldrige, could become "Domestic Problem No. 1." In this exclusive interview, the Secretary addresses this and other critical eco- nomic issues, including industrial mobilization.

12 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE —

SPECIAL REPORT

Q" Do you think we can hold the line there? Also, states and municipalities as a whole in the _ Yes, because productivity increases are rising as United States are running a surplus of about 50 bil- AS fast as labor costs. That is one of the chief ways lion dollars currently. That won't keep up forever — it to hold down inflation. We also have made some real is a transitory phenomenon — but both of these fac- progress in the energy area, using some 20 percent tors take pressure off the financing of the federal def- less energy than we used to. Nor do I think we'll see icit. But we don't have much time; we have to ad- food prices jump —though meat prices will increase dress that deficit. this year. In general, I don't like to say that inflation is ever Qa Do you see the deficit as a critical national completely under control, but the money supply problem, then? growth that the Federal Reserve System has _ Over the long run, and certainly by '85 and '86, I targeted is consistent with the administration's pro- AI think it will be Domestic Problem No. 1. jection, allowing a 4% percent GNP growth without increasing inflation. I think we're on the right track. Q B Can government spending really be cut enough to help cut the deficit? Ql What about unemployment? Can people hope - Yes, it can. We need political will to cut spend- to see recent decreases continue? MI ing, but it simply has to be done. The closest that I think we will see unemployment figures in the this country has come to a balanced budget for a long II M« 7V2 percent range by the end of this year. We time was back in the early '60s, when federal expen- may do even better than that. Business is really ex- ditures were about 19V2 percent of GNP and our tax panding. Companies are beginning to spend more on income was about 19 percent. Now we've still got a capital equipment — which, as you known, is the third revenue of 19 percent but our expenditures are 24 part of any recovery. Consumer spending won't have dramatic rises, but it is staying up. This means that as business gets more confident, it will resort to less overtime and employ more full-time workers. That will help bring unemployment rates down even "I don't like to say that further this year. inflation is ever completely Q" Will business borrowing for capital invest- under control, but . . . / think ment bring new up-pressures on interest rates? we're on the right track." A: it win.

Qa On top of all the pressure exerted by the federal deficit? percent. Clearly you just can't make up that differ- A There is no question that we have to arrive at a ence, or most of it, from taxes. That would bring I solution for our budget deficits. I don't feel that about another recession in time. borrowing pressures will be large enough this year to I don't think the President has ruled out some rev- cause the crowding-out phenomenon that forces in- enue measures. Yet, our biggest thrust is to reduce terest rates up. I think, however, that this will hap- expenditures. That is really where we have to act pen in '85 or '86 if we do not address the deficit with because tax increases, unfortunately, have too often political will on the part of Congress once this elec- gotten spent and not been used to reduce the deficit. tion year is over. It is impossible to get a political consensus in an election year. Qa Are there any taxes you would favor as The reason I think we have time before interest either a relief measure or increase? rates are affected by the deficit is that, because of _ Yes, there should be tax reform. The President increased depreciation brought about by the Tax Act A" feels that very strongly. We are not advocating of 1981, plus higher profits, business has a cash flow specific measures right now, because our study isn't that is greater than its needs for inventory increases completed. The Treasury Department has been given or capital spending. this job and we don't want the results to become a political football.

Secretary of Commerce Malcolm Baldrige was chief exec- Q" Will these changes provide more revenue? utive officer of Scovill, Inc., Waterbury, Conn., a diver- - I am sure the President will consider some reve- sified manufacturer of consumer, housing and industrial AS nue increases, but these should be in the minor- goods, before being named to the Cabinet in 1981. A native ity compared to expenditure cuts if this whole pro- of Omaha, Neb., he is an army veteran of WWII. gram is going to work.

MAY 1984 13 The US Economy

in a will to do better. In this country our manage- ment and workers were, in effect, pretty well self- satisfied in the '60s to '70s. So, I don't see any secrets that Japan has that we have to run to them for. They have a different sys- tem. We should take the system we have and make it work right.

Q" What's the most important thing we should be doing in this respect? - First, I mentioned the budget deficit. Unless we MI get that down we are not going to get interest rates down low enough to expand investment, and that will hurt everybody — the individual citizen, labor, management, our ability to operate suc- cessfully as a world competitor. The need to be com- petitive and export are absolute necessities. Then, we need to educate our work force better to be able to manage the kinds of jobs there are going to Secretary of Commerce Baldrige with The American be in the future. High-tech jobs may be only 5 to 10 Legion Magazine's editor-in-chief. percent of the total, but they affect every other part of the economy.

Q" In broader terms, what do you believe is Q" In event of a military emergency, what steps America's greatest economic strength? would we have to take to put our industry on a A The productivity of our people. Productivity war footing? slowed down in the late '70s and early '80s, but - To the extent possible, those US industries that we are still the most productive country in the world. AI have been identified as critical to a mobili- We just have to step up that productivity, and we zation effort would be assisted by the federal gov- have the ability to do it. We have a well-educated, ernment in increasing their output to meet wartime hard-working work force, but we are going to have to and essential civilian needs. The Defense Production concentrate on educating people for the higher Act of 1950, as amended, provides that the Depart- technological skills required in the future. ment of Commerce will take some or perhaps all of We also have the world's most efficient market for the following actions, depending on the nature of the raising capital. People must have the confidence to national emergency: invest, and they should if we handle our economic • We could expand the use of the priorities and al- problems correctly. locations authority of Title I of the act to direct pro- You also have to look at labor and wage increases duction and distribution of the most essential needs. which did, in fact, outstrip productivity increases. • Limitation orders could be issued to restrict pro- Yet, American labor can be the best in the world. We duction to military and essential civilian items. have to marshal their strengths — and I do not know • With the activation of the National Defense Ex- why we can't compete anywhere if we do that. ecutive Reserve, which is a pool of experienced exec- utives in key industries, we'd be in position to get Q" If we are so good, why is everyone running to financial and other aid to contractors where necessary Japan to find out what secrets they hold? in order to expedite the production of goods deemed A Well, they have some very simple secrets. One, essential for national defense purposes. I their management and labor work together. We • We have about 70 industries that have been have had too much of an adversarial relationship identified by our staff as being critical to the mobili- here. That's the way a lot of management and labor zation effort. We would channel skilled workers leaders have grown up. In today's world we simply toward the most critical mobilization needs and in- can't continue that luxury. We have to work together sure that essential government functions can continue to increase productivity. And I see more and more while we are insuring physical security on critical labor leaders and individual union members who public and private facilities. understand that, as well as managers. The Japanese work very hard. They felt the abso- Q" What do we have to do to get our steel indus- lute necessity to pull together ever since WWII when try back on its feet and able to meet emergency that country was shattered. The disaster united them demands — not to mention the normal growth

14 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE SPECIAL REPORT

needs of our economy? Qa What can be done to reduce the trade deficit? - We have some problems in the steel industry - American companies simply have to become AS that are very serious. We have seen the world AS more competitive in exporting. We've relatively steel market grow more outside the US than here, few companies, mostly our larger ones, that have ex- and we have seen developing countries, as well as ported well because they have gone into the area developed countries, enlarge and modernize steel whole-hog and done a good job. They took some making facilities. Yet, we have seen American steel lumps along the way, but they made out. Most companies in the past either unable or, in some cases, medium and smaller size companies haven't ever ex- unwilling to risk large amounts of capital that are ported because of our large domestic market. necessary to completely modernize steel mills in the US. We don't have as much continuous casting capac- QS What about the transfer of our technology to ity, for example, as the Japanese do. They have 75-80 Soviet-bloc nations? What can we do to stop this percent of their steel mills in continuous casting and dangerous flow of war-sensitive items? we have probably 25-30 percent. _ In the Commerce Department we have increased Where do we get the kind of capital improvements AS our export enforcement control. We had very few we need? We have to see the steel industry turn to people allocated to export enforcement. Now we have profitability so they can spend for those kind of increased personnel about 63 percent. We have facilities. That's the problem. opened seven more field offices and brought in some

QS Can protective measures against excessive imports help? _ I don't think there's a way in the world that pro- "We have to see the steel AS tectionism can help them accomplish that. Pro- It industry turn to profitability tectionism only weakens industries. does not— strengthen them. Protective trade measures so they can spend for quotas, higher tariffs, et cetera — are a job-loser overall, not a job-gainer. Whatever temporary help [improved] facilities." they might provide for one industry, they inspire re- taliation against other industries and, overall, lose jobs in the US. Furthermore, the industry being pro- tected no longer has to go through the tough deci- top people. We're going to catch more illegal flows by sions that have to be made to become competitive on far than we did before. We've already prosecuted 100 a world basis. It simply slips further behind. percent more cases than last year.

QS Can anything be done in the face of our ex- QS Is there going to continue to be a Depart- tremely strong dollar to expand exports and cut ment of Commerce? our massive foreign trade deficit? « I think it's very important to organize the most - There are two reasons for the trade deficit. One AS important trade functions of the government into A" is the strength of the dollar. The other is that one trade body that has the responsibility and the ac- this country is a safe haven and a secure haven for countability for making policy as well as carrying out foreign capital investment. So between the two, policy. Now we are divided. We force companies and there's more demand for dollars; that makes the dol- foreign countries to come in and shop around the US lar stronger and that makes our exports more ex- government till they find where they may get the pensive and imports more inexpensive. most satisfactory answer. Every other Cabinet department has a responsibil- Qa What about the great overhanging debt on ity for policy making and carrying out policy except in the part of Third World countries? Do you see trade. That's why we have suggested taking the 20 any real danger of a world economic collapse be- percent of Commerce that has all the economic back- cause of that? up in trade law and administration and combining that - Much less than I did a year and a half ago. I with the office of the US Trade Representative. Then Aa think we have now seen the worst of that prob- you'd have a responsibility fixed in one place, with a lem. That's not to say it's not still serious, but we much stronger and capable trade administration. have passed the crisis and it is pretty clear what has If the Department of Trade and Industry is ap- to be done. One of those things obviously is keeping proved, the Commerce Department will no longer be trade channels open because developing countries in existence. Other functions now within the Depart- cannot buy from us and cannot repay their loans un- ment of Commerce would be spun off into agencies less they can sell to us. throughout the federal government.

MAY 1984 15 Can US Industry

Mobilize? By Cleveland Lane

America's industrial might mobilized rapidly in the early 1940s to meet the demands of WWII. Could it do so again, in the event of a new national emergency? Probably not. Here's an in-depth look at the problem and a suggested list

of priorities we should adopt to correct it.

recent years the Soviet Union and Defense Department officials. Inhas built up the largest con- This is just one example of our coun- ventional war capability the world try's lack of capability to sustain con- has ever seen. No other nation except ventional warfare in one of the many the United States is capable of coun- trouble spots around the world. tering this threat to world freedom. Others listed by Defense Secretary But there is considerable doubt that Caspar W. Weinberger in his report to this country can mobilize the industrial Congress are Korea, the Near Middle strength to sustain conventional global East (Lebanon, Syria and Israel), conflict of indeterminate length. Are Southeast Asia, Central and South we still the "arsenal of democracy"? If America and Africa. not, what can we do about it? The main problem, according to all The Persian Gulf is well known as experts, is the lack of an industrial one of the most critical areas of the base capable of surging and producing world. Nearly two thirds of the all the planes, tanks and other essen- world's known oil reserves lie in this tial war materiel to sustain any major area. If supplies from there were cut conventional combat around the world off, the economies of the free nations beyond a short period. would be disastrously crippled. The focus of attention of many in the The tinder box of the Middle East is administration, the Defense Depart- already smoldering — or burning — in ment, Congress and the general public the Iran-Iraq war. Terrorism is on the is Europe. The four- or five-to-one pre- increase. Soviet air and ground forces ponderance of Soviet and Warsaw Pact are within short striking distance from forces over those of NATO is an awe- Azerbaijan in southern Russia and some reality. Apparently, this is not new bases in Afghanistan, and are mere Soviet propaganda but known supported by client states in the sur- and counted ground, air and naval rounding region. strength. One of the biggest concen- The US government has shown trations of destructive might in the realistic concern. In addition to vigor- world, for example, sits combat-ready a ous diplomacy, it is building up a few miles from the northern borders of 200,000-man Rapid Deployment Joint Norway. (See The American Legion Force that could land combat-ready Magazine, October 1983, page 14.) forces in the Persian Gulf area in a The starkness of the European real- matter of days, with some carry-along ity was voiced recently by Gen. Ber- and pre-positioned supplies. nard Rogers, NATO commander. He But then, how soon could they be told NATO ambassadors that NATO resupplied? Not soon enough for sus- had enough supplies on hand to sustain tained combat. conventional combat for not much That is the consensus of many mili- more than 10 days. Then, he said, he tary experts, members of Congress would have two choices — seek authority to go nuclear or give up. Cleveland Lane, who currently spe- A main element of the defense pre- cializes in business and governmental paredness issue is the "short war vs. reporting, is a WWII veteran who has long war" argument. It is not the pur- served in various managerial posi- pose of this article to discuss nuclear tions in industry for nearly 4-0 years. strategy, but several points are rele-

16 —

SPECIAL REPORT

vant. The Soviets have stated that preparedness. Primarily, we are sim- In Korea, we had much materiel left they believe victory in a nuclear war is ply not facing up to the possibility of a over from WWII and our industrial possible. They have stressed that their long conventional war. We have been base had not been entirely dismantled. strategy is to destroy as quickly as led to believe in the likelihood of a But UN forces in Korea still ran short possible the "imperialists'" will and short conflict in which, after extreme of ammunition. ability to resist, and there is ample destruction and loss of life, opponents In Vietnam, the buildup was evidence to show that they have been will come to quick agreement. One gradual. This was not a conventional preparing to do exactly this. side would capitulate. This is called war in the classic sense. Administra- But at the same time they have built MAD (Mutually Assured Destruction). tions of that time, while reinstituting perhaps the largest conventional war Many Americans, knowing of the the draft, tried to run a "guns and but- capability the world has ever seen. tremendous buildup of US military ter" war — a large military buildup They know the devastation they would strength in WWII, have faith that our and, at the same time, Great Society risk if they started a nuclear attack. industry can do it again. Our people social programs. The effects on the Thus, if they could gain their objec- have learned to hate the very idea of economy were disastrous. tives in Europe without risking nu- war and have clamored for using our Now, most analysts say, there will clear war and devastation to their own resources for social betterment and be no lead time, no early warning be- land, they could still have their nu- consumer consumption. yond what we have now and no other clear capability as a threat to North In 1945, Gen. George C. Marshall forces capable of holding off a Soviet America and the rest of the world. wrote, "We have tried since the birth or other onslaught long enough to give The Soviets presumably know that of our nation to promote our love of us time to mobilize fully. both the Kaiser and Hitler badly un- peace by a display of weakness. This In the mid- to late- 1970s, the de- derestimated the capabilities of the course has failed us utterly." fense budget was reduced severely, to US. They have studied our present In WWI, our allies fought for more its lowest level in relation to the total capabilities more carefully than many than two years before we were budget and Gross National Product in in this country. They know, as has engaged. Many of the arms we used years. In 1976, the budget was $174 been documented publicly, that our were supplied by them. billion and, in 1980, $183.5 billion industrial preparedness base has re- In WWII, the Allies fought Ger- with most of this increase due to cently sunk to its lowest level in years. many for more than two years before inflation. The 1984 budget is $249.8 There are many reasons, complex Pearl Harbor. Through various pro- billion. The reductions in the 1970s and woven into our entire govern- grams, we had time to build our sus- had the effect of cutting to the bone mental, economic and social structure, tainability. Even so, we entered the procurement, research and develop- for the sorry state of our industrial war seriously short of weapons. ment, and stores for war readiness. Many airplanes were even can- nibalized to provide spare parts. According to Secretary Weinberger's report to Congress for 1984, remark- able strides have been made in defense preparedness since 1981, not just in strategic weapons but in all phases. The Department's near-term objec- tive, not yet achieved, is to have 60 days' war-readiness stocks on hand. Presumably this would give us two months to mobilize and gear up the vast powers of American industry to supply us and our allies with equip- ment for a protracted conflict. However, few believe such a conflict could be settled in two months. There are many serious gaps in our industrial

base that could not begin to fill the materiel pipelines in such a short period — either to replace losses or supply arms for expanded forces. Secretary Weinberger and others Continued on page 38

Basic industries like steel and chemicals (typified by views on these pages), once among our strongest, now find their mobilization capacity severely limited.

17 What Is the Key Problem Affect &C Industrial Readiness?

Harry J. Gray Lee A. lacocca Chairman Chairman of the Board United Technologies Corp. Chrysler Corp. When the US was plunged into Our shrinking base of such vital WWII, our country showed re- industries as steel, motor vehi- markable ability to increase its cles, communications, elec-

production of critically needed tronics, aircraft and chemicals is war materiel. Pratt & Whitney, as big a threat to US security as for instance, took people who are the obvious military threats had never worked in a factory by our foes abroad. Yet our gov- and trained them in a matter of ernment refuses to help assure weeks to build aircraft engines. that the American people will Our industrial base became the real arsenal of democracy have the essential industries needed to put this country on that allowed us to achieve victory. a war-footing. Part of the problem can be laid at the doors

What of our industrial base today? Could we do it again? of US management and labor. Management has neglected No! The frightening truth is that it might take well over its competitiveness, and labor has given foreign countries a a year before our country could produce any real increase manufacturing edge by insisting on wages and benefits that in war materiel. By that time it could be too late. outstrip productivity gains. We face at least three major problems. The most obvious But a bigger part of the problem is that foreign govern- is training. Gone are the days when we could take people ments are helping their international companies with hid- off the farm or out of the kitchen to build aircraft engines. den subsidies, tax relief and R&D support that enable their Today, technology is too advanced, tolerances too tight and products to undercut ours all over the world. equipment too sophisticated. Technology is shaping our fu- A good example is the Japanese automobile industry. ture. Yet American education is producing technological il- Japanese cars benefit from two things that Detroit can do literates. Our schools have failed our children. nothing about. First, Japan rebates federal taxes on cars Even if we had the people, we lack strategic mineral re- destined for export. That's worth about $1,000. Second, the sources essential to our national security. We rely on yen is undervalued, by at least 25 percent, against the US imports — sometimes from unfriendly countries — for more dollar. That's worth another $1,000. than half of our supply of 20 essential minerals. We are close These two items add up to a cost advantage of $2,000 on to 100 percent dependent on imports for chromium and each and every Japanese car sold in America! That's why cobalt. Yet we can't build aircraft engines without them. you can buy a Japanese car cheaper in San Francisco than Finally, there is insufficient government attention to the in Tokyo, and that's not right! problems of industrial preparedness. By and large, our What has saved the US car industry so far are the volun- government's defense procurement system penalizes in- tary quotas on the number of Japanese cars that can be vestments for cost reduction, new process development, exported to America in any one year. Even so, the stockpiling of critical materials and productivity increases. Japanese have seized about 22 percent of the US car mar- And the government does little mobilization planning. ket. Think of what that figure would be if those one-year What can be done? quotas end before our government remedies these unfair First, our school systems should increase their minimum Japanese tax and yen policies. Goodbye Detroit! requirements of science and math for graduation. Such in- Now look at all the other essential US industries on struction should begin sooner, the school day should last which our military muscle and our economic power depend. longer and the school year should be lengthened. You'll find similar patterns of neglect and decline. They, Second, we need an overhaul of our nation's strategic too, are threatened. stockpile and policies that govern it. Stockpile responsibil- America's got to wake up before it's too late! We cannot ity must be consolidated and inventories improved. survive as a services economy. Services don't provide the Third, we must change the way we purchase defense military muscle we might need in a national emergency. hardware. The government should provide long-term profit Unless something is done soon to help our basic indus- incentives for industry to make the capital investments tries get competitive again, and fast, America can become needed to improve productivity and lower costs. The US like the 98-pound weakling— subject to any threat or pres- should reestablish an office of mobilization planning. sure any well-armed country might throw at us. I don't As a nation we can't afford to wait any longer before we want this; I'm sure you don't either. The place to make do something about industrial preparedness. your views known is in Washington.

18 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE SPECIAL REPORT ing the US Economy Should BeDone About It?

Allen E. Puckett David M. Roderick Chairman of the Board Chairman of the Board Hughes Aircraft Co. US Steel Corp. The US Defense industry today Though the American economy supplies our DoD with some 50 and its industrial base suffer to 60 billion dollars worth of from several ills at once, the hardware each year. Although most serious is the problem of this level of procurement has in- access to capital. Put in a neu- creased in the past several tral way, we are talking about

years, it is still short of the level the incentives and means for necessary to bring our present amassing capital for investment force structure to a reasonable in the creation and moderniza- state of readiness. The question arises as to how rapidly tion of manufacturing facilities and tools. and to what degree the industry could respond if the need More accurately, we are talking about the capital starva- arose to increase substantially our supply of hardware. tion of this nation's industrial capability. The incentives and Several factors are significant in answering that ques- means for capital investment have been effectually denied tion. First is that the government does not have a policy of our domestic industries, while artificial spurs to such in- maintaining an industrial base. We have always relied on vestment abound in other countries due to government sub- the basic strength and flexibility of our free enterprise sys- sidies and improvident loan practices of international lending

tem to permit industry to respond rapidly to new demands. agencies. The result is a capital-needy US industrial base That reliance is reasonable if industry has access to facili- and a robust capital supply for foreign competitors. ties, capital and an adequate supplier base for components The United States by punitive tax laws, the double taxa- and subsystems. The present availability of such resources tion of dividends and sluggish schedules for depreciation, is marginal or lacking. has choked off the flow of private capital to the private sec-

The industry today is operating in a highly competitive tor because of poor return on investment. environment. The intense emphasis on competition has in- Meanwhile, escalating government deficits have driven

creased today to the point where it is counterproductive. up the cost of available capital to prohibitive levels. Capital Major investment in machinery and equipment has become investment by industry has become a true risk venture. more risky as the prospect of a long production run be- Nonetheless, American industry continues to make sub- comes uncertain. Defense business has become unattractive stantial capital investment in its future — though at levels it to many small suppliers. acknowledges are too meager for maintaining world-class The defense industry is being encouraged to improve its competitiveness over the long term. Our nation's steel in-

productivity by increased investment in modern machinery dustry still has the production capability to meet a con- and equipment. Such investment would certainly improve ventional war emergency — both in armaments and in the our capabilities to expand production if necessary. Unfor- supply of steel for infrastructure needs. tunately, we have not yet found a good way to divide the How long this capability can be maintained depends in resulting savings equitably between government and indus- large measure on industry's ability to maintain itself. try, and thus to provide a return that would justify the H.R. 4352 now pending in Congress could help markedly investment. The present system of contracting and pricing in easing the capital crunch in the steel industry. It seeks products causes essentially all the benefits to flow to the to limit foreign steel imports to an average of 15 percent of government and, in fact, often penalizes the contractor if he the domestic market for a period of five years. This legisla- finds a way to reduce the price of his product. Both parties tion recognizes that trade in international steel markets has are trying to correct this. Several proposed government been less than fair to the domestic industry; that an over- actions would reduce the working capital supplied to the abundance of steelmaking capacity exists in the world and

contractor, thereby requiring the contractor to borrow at is still growing as developing nations build steel mills commercial rates. Although this appears to provide the through subsidies offered by their governments, and that

government with a quick short-term cash benefit, it will significant tonnage of foreign steel is dumped on global almost certainly increase the price of its products in the markets at subsidized prices. long run. Certainly a concerted effort to address the capital for- In short, it will be necessary to rethink some of our pres- mation issue is required now before a serious impediment ent policies and procedures. Our present approach is not to our national defense preparedness is allowed to become a

getting us there. , hopeless one!

MAY 1984 19 Industrial Espionage Unlimited The KGB vs. theUSA

next few years will be required to spend billions of dollars to offset Soviet weapons that would not be in place or in prospect The inside story of how the Soviet Union's without American technology. "Committee for State Security," or KGB, Numerous cases, which can be reconstructed from con- fessions, court records and other judicial illus- operates within the United States, stealing our proceedings, trate the multifarious means by which the KGB has ac- most advanced technology and undermining complished and continues to accomplish this singular feat. free institutions, is laid bare by John Barron, One example documented by Barron involved an Ameri- reporter and ex-Naval Intelligence officer, in can physicist who worked at an aircraft company in Los the book, 'KGB Today: The Hidden Hand," Angeles, was recruited by a KGB Polish agent and, until published by Reader's Digest Press. Some he was finally caught, sold to the Russians a long stream of secret documents on defense-related projects. drastic solutions also are offered. In the In a damage assessment submitted to the Senate Perma- interest of alerting people to this operation, nent Subcommittee on Investigations, the CIA revealed The American Legion Magazine here excerpts some of the data the KGB acquired in this one case: those sections of Barron's disturbing account "Among the classified reports, those of prime importance to that deal with industrial espionage. the West included: the F-15 look-down, shoot-down radar sys- tem, the quiet radar system for the B-l and Stealth bombers, an all-weather radar system for tanks, an experimental radar

Approximately 400 officers of the KGB and its mili- tary subsidiary, the GRU, are permanently stationed in New York, Washington and San Fran- cisco. Their labors are abetted by hundreds more officers of the Cuban, Bulgarian, East German, Polish, Czech- oslovakian and Hungarian intelligence services, which function as KGB auxiliaries. Some 6,000 Soviet nationals annually visit the United States, and a substantial number are tasked by the KGB with special assignments. Additionally, Soviet Bloc nations maintain in America more than 20 legally incorporated com- panies as fronts or bases for espionage and subversion.

An overriding objective of KGB espionage is acquisition of advanced technology urgently needed to sustain Soviet mili- tary and industrial power. Evidence now available shows that the Soviet Union, largely through the KGB, has succeeded in transforming American research, development, inventive- ness and productive genius into a major national resource of the Soviet state. In consequence, American taxpayers in the

Soviet industrial espionage, symbolized by photo at right, helped the USSR get plans for C5-A Galaxy (above) before it was accepted by the Air Force. SPECIAL REPORT

system for the US Navy, the Phoenix air-to-air missile, the improved HAWK surface-to-air missile and a NATO air de- fense system. The information in these documents put in jeopardy existing weapons and advanced future weapon sys- tems of the United States and its allies. "The acquisition of this information will save the Polish and Soviet governments hundreds of millions of dollars in R&D efforts by fielding operational counterpart systems in a much shorter time period. Specifications will enable them to develop defensive countermeasures systems." Another example cited by Barron deals with an interna- tional "false front" organization which, in a highly compli- cated operation, channeled sophisticated communications equipment to the Soviet Union. Dr. Lara Baker of the Los Alamos National Laboratory concluded that the Soviets in this case acquired everything they needed to build an entire semi-conductor factory: "American equipment smuggled to the Soviet Union in- cluded: saws for cutting silicon crystals, gear for making masks for integrated circuit production, plotters to draw ©SYGMA the circuits, basic computer aided design system, scribers Elaborate electronic antennas atop USSR for separating integrated circuits on wafers, testers, bond- consulate in San Francisco (above) eavesdrop ers for connecting leads to integrated circuits, and even on US high-technology manufacturers in is equipment for finally packaging the circuits. . . . High- nearby "Silicon Valley." This one of three quality integrated circuits are the basis of modern military main Soviet offices in the US. electronics. The production tooling and equipment obtained

by the Soviets will significantly improve their capability to produce such circuits." The KGB stole the design plans and drawings for the huge C-5A cargo plane even before Lockheed began pro-

ducing it. The silos of the SS-13, the Soviets' first solid-propellant missile, are strikingly similar to the US Minuteman silos. The Soviet SAM-7 missile, which shot down so many American fighters over Vietnam, is largely a duplicate of the US Redeye missile. Through theft of US equipment and technology, the Soviets have gained the capability to catapult aircraft from ships, which they previously could not do. In addition to these illegal acquisitions, the Soviets have acquired via legal commercial transactions immense quan- tities of equipment and technology for military purposes. Beginning in the early 1970s, they orchestrated active mea- sures to convince Western companies that the Soviet Union constituted a veritable El Dorado that could be lucratively mined through trade and credits. In the heady spirit of de- tente, the Nixon administration opened heretofore secret laboratories and forbidden factories to inspection by Soviet scientists, engineers and technicians. Soviet delegations methodically toured the great Boeing plant in Seattle and the Lockheed plant near Burbank, con- juring up for their American hosts the alluring prospect of billions of dollars' worth of aircraft sales to the Soviet Union. Naturally, to decide which aircraft to buy, the

Soviets needed all sorts of technical data about how the

planes are built. And they got it. The Soviets never did attempt to buy any American air- craft. But 10 years later, they finally are beginning to pro- duce their first wide-bodied jet, the IL-86, which looks re- Continued on page 44

21 PERSPECTIVE America: A Search

In the past, nations have readily at- social ladder and free to fall from tributed honor, glory and high it —the limits of human potential can moral purpose to their own undertak- 66 be approached as they are in no other ings, and automatically assigned evil Focus on how good society. The condition of poverty was intent to those of their enemies. In widely accepted as inevitable by those modern America, many consider we are and not how living under it in the "old world." themselves to be far too "thoughtful" In America, however, poverty has and not so naive as to react in this bad, and make our almost never been accepted by the 99 tribal manner. It is assumed by many poor: What man or woman does npt nation better. . that we are just another actor on the dream of the idea or invention that world political stage, as vain and as will "make a million"? This dream flawed as any other, or likely more so. comes true just often enough to keep This attitude is reflected in the dis- inspiration to continue to make our the rest of us trying. Indeed the comfort and awkwardness shown by nation better. greater the deprivation of the individ- many Americans at any display of In spite of the very real economic ual, the greater is his incentive to get pride or patriotism. difficulties that we face today, the un- out of being poor. Our history is richly I believe, however, that those who derlying strength of the American colored by the accounts of penniless belittle the uniqueness of America in economy and its ability to provide the immigrants finding success through the name of reasoned and thoughtful vast abundance to which we have be- hard work and determination. It was analysis are themselves guilty of a come accustomed is nothing short of this freedom that made so many leave visceral and illogical response. The miraculous. A tiny percentage of our their homes for America, and it was United States of America, in spite of population produces the food that we freedom that enabled those people to her flaws, is truly a unique appearance eat and markets the excess to those build a nation of prosperity and plenty. in the history of nations, and we nations that cannot feed themselves. should be proud of ourselves. The gross national product of the Characteristic of the collective con- Perhaps it is because we as Ameri- United States is well over twice that sciousness of Americans is the be- cans actually have the opportunity to of the Soviet Union. Appliances and lief that any challenge can be over- change the structures and policies of conveniences deemed ordinary in come with sufficient determination. our government that we are so eager America are unheard of in most parts Bred in the hostile, rocky land and to spotlight our nation's problems. We of the world. harsh winters of New England, this are always searching for flaws that The land, timber, coal, rivers and attitude followed, or perhaps pushed, need correction. In other nations other abundant natural resources that the American people westward with where freedom is minimal and individ- were the building blocks of this pros- the frontier. Though this is an often ual involvement to bring about change perity did not in themselves bring it repeated tenet of the mythology of is discouraged if not outright criminal, about. The builder was the individual, America, it is not merely fossilized in the people take on a character of res- and freedom was the light by which the strata of eons of ninth grade civics ignation and the visage of hopeless- he worked. classes, but flourishes still in many yet ness. We must not let this instinct to Long before the promise of America extant species of undertakings. see the negative lead to the same had been fulfilled, Alexis de Tocque- An example is a highway in Florida hopelessness and apathy of those who ville, one of the most prescient ob- known as "Alligator Alley." State live in oppression. servers of American democracy, rec- Road 84 extends for 75 miles across It is a useful exercise, therefore, to ognized the direction in which we were Florida from the Atlantic Ocean to the consider the awesome strength and vi- headed and correctly identified the Gulf Coast, and directly through the tality of America, the challenges that force impelling us. Writing in the Everglades. The Everglades are a we have overcome, and the beliefs 1830s, de Tocqueville foresaw that two swampy region of peat and muck in- that we have upheld; to focus on how nations then in their infancy would one habited largely by alligators, snakes good we are and not how bad, and to day hold sway over half the globe. One and mosquitos. Changes in the local take from that the encouragement and was Russia, whose strength, de ecological system were in the process of Tocqueville stated, would be derived destroying the Everglades when man E.G. "Bud" Shuster, a by enslaving its people to the will of intervened with a flood-control and Korean War veteran and the state. The other was the US, water conservation program that as- six-term Pennsylvania whose power would grow from the un- sured the preservation of this fragile Congressman, expands limited potential of a free people. area. Soon a project was begun to cut a on the the me of this arti- In a free society, where people are highway across the swamp. The mas- cle in his book Believing free to choose their means of earning a sive problem of building a road in this In America (Win. Mor- living—and free to keep most of what desolate area, combined with the need row & Co., 1983). they earn, as well as free to climb the to protect the delicate environment

22 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE & Discovery By Rep. "Bud" Shuster

made this a staggering challenge. Workers and equipment, including Indian guides, swamp buggies and airboats, moved in to face the chal- lenge. A canal had to be dug along the length of the roadway to move equip- ment. Culverts had to be built beneath the roadway to preserve water flow and drainage. The problems were overcome and the challenge was met. The highway was completed without destroying the unique region through which it runs. Aside from the material strengths of America, we can be proud of the strong moral foundation upon which the nation was built. Though we have often shown intolerance and prejudice, our deep-rooted belief that "all men are created equal" returns us like a gyroscope to the fundamental stability of equality of opportunity. This has

"This dream comes true often enough to keep the rest of us trying. 99

been another of the great challenges sent many young men to die to keep Americans will continue to be dis- that the American people have faced: this dream alive for those oppressed satisfied with the present. Indeed, we to overcome their own prejudices and around the world. We have been the must. This side of heaven, we shall not live up to the promise of the Declaration sanctuary for those fleeing any corner achieve perfection. The voice of dis- of Independence. It is a challenge with of the world where darkness had swal- sent and the clamor for change are the which we continue to wrestle today. lowed the light of liberty. song of democracy. And we must re- The notion that all men are created member that the song is one of hope, equal springs, like many of the pre- American foreign policy has re- not of despair. cepts of America, from the religious peatedly suffered charges of Though we shall always see the convictions of the founding fathers. "imperialism" or "colonialism," but our weaknesses, we must never forget the "For all have sinned and come short of history refutes these attacks. Ameri- strengths of America. As we face the the glory of God" was a biblical con- can armed forces have fought for free- future we should not shrink from prob- cept that translated into the American dom, not for land. By contrast, our lems that seem insurmountable, but aversion to kings and hereditary titles, major accuser, the Soviet Union, still rise to overcome them. We should as well as a healthy fear of concentrat- holds sway by military force over the be encouraged by the reservoir of ing too much power in the hands of nations it entered in World War II. strength that is available to us in this any one person. We are indeed a na- Americans can be proud of the great nation, and sobered by the re- tion of laws, not of men. stands we have taken as a nation. We sponsibility we have to uphold a high America has stood, like no other should derive assurance, as well as an standard to the world. nation, for the freedom of the individ- added sense of responsibility, from the The sacrifices of those who went be- ual and for the rights of all human be- thought, expressed so poignantly by fore us require that we do this, and ings. Aside from guaranteeing these Abraham Lincoln, that we truly are those who will come after us deserve rights to our own citizens, we have "the last, best hope of mankind." no less.

MAY 1984 23 A Photo Essay The drama, color and complexity of Maroon, a Navy veteran of WWII, today's US Navy is captured in these is an award-winning photographer stirring photographs. Four years of whose work appears in the permanent OUR MODERN arduous research and editing by pho- collections of the Museum of Modern tographer Fred J. Maroon and author Art, the Metropolitan Museum of Art Edward L. "Ned" Beach have resulted and the International Center of Pho- in publication this year of their book, tography. Capt. Beach, the acclaimed Keepers Of The Sea (Naval Institute author of three war novels, including NAVY Press). Their work is reproduced here. the gripping Run Silent, Run Deep, which was made into a movie, retired from the Navy in 1966.

A special kind of aircraft carrier (left), the guided missile frigate USS Mclnerney is fitted for handling helicopters.

Flank speed submerges the bow of a submarine (right) as deck crew monitors operations. Some things never change at sea. Above, four crewmen struggle on a high-line detail between ships.

Today's ship of the line (left) is nuclear carrier USS Nimitz, steaming along beneath 16 of its more than 90 aircraft. Inset at far left shows signalman using semaphore, which is still used to pass messages because it is not susceptible to electronic interference. Inset at right shows computer display in CIC, which guides the Captain and ASW officer of USS Mclnerney at action stations.

Heavily camouflaged Marines (above) participate in jungle exercise. —

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

Continued from page 3

ghanistan, pressure on Poland, support of the Unknown Soldier as "Tomb of portant, veterans are immunized for insurgency in Central America, the Unknowns." I am just one among against the first three, while the aging make plain the Soviet confidence in many of the oldtimers around the process contributes to the susceptibil- their military supremacy. greater Washington area who take of- ity of the last two. Each of these may It would be fatal to feel we could go fense at the "newsy" alteration to the be obtained in the family physicians to the bargaining table with the correct designation of this hallowed office at relatively little expense, es- Soviets and agree to a freeze while we tomb. I do hope that your keen-eyed pecially when compared to the cost of are at a great military disadvantage. proofreaders will cross any such in- treatment of these serious illnesses. It would be not only unrealistic but vented designations with their bright Each of us is also responsible for his also childishly naive to expect and bold blue pencils. health; maintaining a current immuni- rectitude on their part in observing Charles Arthur Rudy, zation status is, as Dr. Barclay says, such an agreement when the record College Park, Md. "simple, safe and cost-effective." plainly shows that they violated SALT Sam A. Nixon, M.D. 1 and SALT 2 agreements over and University of Texas over again. We must recognize that Shot Card Houston, Tex. the Soviets will agree to an arms re- This is to express my appreciation for duction only if they know we are firm "Is Your 'Shot Card' Up To Date?" in our resolve to achieve "Peace (February). As we grow older, those of ID Card Through Strength." us who stood on one side or the other of I agree that the present immigration Kay Browne those many "shot lines" years ago, need system needs overhauling, but a na- Fayetteville, Ark. to be reminded from time to time that tional ID card system is not the way. our immunization status should be kept That's the way totalitarian govern- up to date. This is particularly impor- ments start, and I didn't fight in The Tomb tant from the standpoint of tetanus, di- World War II for that. Never did I expect to see in a veter- phtheria, flu and pneumonia. Dan Renteria ans magazine a reference to The Tomb While the others are certainly im- Albuquerque, N. Mex.

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26 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE VETERANS UPDATE

If You Currently Receive Disability tors and their companies. Also, if the VA sold foreclosed compensation or dependency and indemnity compensa- properties, the money would add to the LGRF, as well as tion, you'll see a 3.5 percent increase in your checks this reduce the number of properties held by the VA. month. That's because President Reagan signed a bill, now The Legion intends to be a central participant during the P.L. 98-223, providing for a cost-of-living increase. weeks ahead as attention is devoted to this problem. Another provision of the bill expressed the sense of Con- gress that any future increases should take effect on Dec. 1 Shield Veterans' Preference provisions of the appropriate fiscal year. from charges of unconstitutionality if the Equal The American Legion supported the increase and the Rights Amendment is passed, the Legion has asked a Sen- suggested change in the effective date. ate Judiciary's subcommittee. Some legal scholars have argued that if the ERA is adopted, veterans' preference The Targeted Jobs Tax Credit pro would be found discriminatory because only 4.1 percent of grams, supported by the Legion, may not be ex- America's veterans are women; the Legion argues that the tended beyond its cutoff date of Dec. 31, 1984. The program veterans' preference program was intended to be neutral. increases employment for specific groups of unemployed per- Because only males were subject to wartime draft, veter- sons, including Vietnam era and disabled veterans. It allows ans' preference, the Legion believes, therefore is an companies to declare as a tax credit a percentage of the affirmative action and a justifiable compensation tool money they pay a person hired under the program. rectifying an earlier discrimination. The Legion encourages

The bill was expected to be extended as many as five women to join its ranks. "Any . . . discrimination that re- years. However, since 1984 is an election year, Congress is sults from veterans' preference is a result of the long his- reluctant to pass any but the most essential measures as tory of male service in the military," the Legion testified. part of any new tax law. Critics of TJTC argue that business tax credits add to In Early March, H.R. 4971, the Juvenile the federal deficit. Supporters maintain the increased em- Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act, received the ployment and tax liability of the new employees offsets the support of The American Legion during a House hearing on reduced tax income due to the corporate tax credit. reauthorization of the act. The original act was passed in The House version of the Fiscal Year 1985 tax bill does 1974 with Legion support. not contain provisions for TJTC; the Senate version does. Designed to develop and implement programs to stem When the bills are finally sent to a conference committee to juvenile delinquency, the act allows for the operation of the work out differences, TJTC may get the ax. Legionnaires Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. are encouraged to contact their Representatives and While the administration has failed to include funds for Senators in support of the program. OJJDP the last three years, Congress has consistently rec-

ognized its value and appropriated $70 million for it. The American Legion Testified in The current measure would extend the act through 1989 March on proposed changes in the VA home loan pro- and expand its provisions to include missing children's as- gram to the Senate and House Veterans Affairs Committees. sistance. A national bureau to collect information on miss- First, the Legion said, the amount of guarantee should be ing children would be established under the act, a measure a straight percentage up to 60 percent. Now, VA guarantees the Legion feels would greatly assist in locating such chil- up to 60 percent or $27,500, whichever is less. dren. Early consideration of this measure is likely in the

Second, VA should adopt a sliding scale of guarantee per- House, with a similar bill being introduced in the Senate. centage based on the interest rate of the loan. For example, if a loan is guaranteed for less than the prevailing VA At Least Some Funding probably will be maximum interest rate, there would be a 5 percent increase available to carry out the second year of the VA's in the guarantee percentage for each point of interest below two-year emergency job retraining program. No funds the maximum. Considerably lower monthly mortgage pay- were requested by the administration for the program, ments would result from a lower interest rate. begun last December. How much funding will be needed for Third, the Legion said, funds collected from the user fee the second year of the program remains unclear. should be placed in the Loan Guarantee Revolving Fund, not Since the program began, thousands more eligible veter- in the general treasury, as is currently done. This would ans have applied for the program than have been placed. help guarantee the solvency of the fund. Estimates are that What this means is that the program may emerge as much the user fee will generate nearly $100 million in Fiscal Year less costly than the $150 million originally anticipated. 1984. If these funds were placed in the LGRF, as much as 87 Regardless of the fact that many prospective employers percent of its deficit would be wiped out. would use the program to train veterans if they were aware

Legion spokesmen also recommended that VA loans be of its benefits to them, the Legion intends to see to it that made for houses needing rehabilitation and that the VA itself the program continues on schedule and without interrup- attempt to sell properties it acquires. This would save the tion. This is necessary since it will take time for news of the LGRF thousands of dollars in commissions now paid to real- program to become widely known and understood.

MAY 1984 27 Sentinels of the Tomb

Tall, trim and gleaming, the America has a plot of ground hal- colonnade that surrounds it. lowed above all others. What most visitors notice first soldier paces solemnly Covering only a small space (other than the Tomb itself) is the before the hallowed in the 603-acre Arlington National steady, solemn tread of a tall soldier in memorial. He is a member Cemetery near Washington, D.C., The dress blues, now pausing, now march- of the US Army's crack 3rd Tomb of the Unknown Soldier is the ing in eternal vigilance. He is the final resting place for three soldiers Sentinel of the Tomb, a volunteer and Infantry, "The Old Guard," "Known But To God": unidentified member of the 3rd Infantry. Members and his is the most American veterans who died in WWI, of the "Old Guard" have had exacting honored and most WWII and Korea. training and testing. (Although three soldiers lie there, To be a sentinel, a soldier must be exacting duty in the the name of the memorial remains the between 5' 10" and 6'4" tall and of av- armed forces. "Tomb of the Unknown Soldier," not erage, but trim, build. He must have a the "Tomb of the Unknowns.") perfect civilian and military record, Just behind the Tomb is a dazzling and must study the history of the By Henry N. Ferguson white amphitheater seating up to Tomb and its sentinels, Arlington Na- 4,000 persons; another 1,000 can be tional Cemetery and a sentinel's accommodated in the stately Doric duties. At the end of the six-month training period, he must score at least Henry N. Ferguson is a professional a 95 on a 100-point test. writer and photographer with over What most of the 100,000 annual vis- 2,000 published articles to his credit. itors to the Tomb find most striking about these men is their precise pac- Tomb Guard Badge on the right breast member of the 3rd Infantry, the only ing. With eyes focused straight ahead, pocket. A sentinel is allowed to keep regiment today that includes a fife and uniform immaculate, shoes gleaming, the badge after completing at least drum corps. It is the only unit still rifle moving swiftly through the man- nine months of service, if the "Old allowed to use horses and muskets ual of arms, the daytime sentinel steps Guard" commander approves. Fewer regularly; the only regiment permitted his 21 paces in front of the Tomb, than 350 such badges have been to pass in review with bayonets fixed makes a left face, waits 21 seconds, awarded since 1958, making it one of (a symbol of its constant guard), and makes another left face, left shoulders the most exclusive decorations in the the only unit allowed to use the shield his M-14, waits 21 seconds, and takes US military. of the United States as part of its coat 21 paces back to the other end of the The 3rd Infantry, created in 1784, of arms. tarp in front of the Tomb. The 21 sec- was the first unit to include members Unique in duty, dedicated in assign- onds and paces symbolize the 21-gun from each colony during the Revolu- ment, these sentinels are a part of a salute. The M-14 is always carried on tionary War. It is called the Comman- continuing honor to soldiers who didn't the shoulder away from the Tomb, a der in Chief's Guard because protect- come home. The dignity and solemnity symbol of readiness for action and re- ing the President and Washington, of their service is a testament to the spect for the men buried there. D.C., are among its duties. nation's resolve that America's un- At night, a sentinel walks com- President Zachary Taylor was a known heroes shall not be forgotten. pletely around the Tomb under gleam- ing lights provided by The American Legion. (See related story.) The duty routine changes at night with each sentinel on duty two hours, then off The Legion and the Memorial four. During the winter, the daytime Soldier during dedication ceremonies Close and Lasting Ties sentinel walks guard for an hour and is that year. Fish also wrote the bill that off two. The night sentinel's duty re- From its beginning in 1919 as a conferred the Medal of Honor and the mains the same. Legionnaire's idea, the Tomb of Distinguished Service Cross on the Un- On duty, a sentinel may not speak the Unknown Soldier and The known Soldier during the ceremonies. except to warn visitors who are being American Legion have shared an es- Also at the dedication were Pres- disrespectful. Visitors often wonder pecially close relationship. ident and Mrs. Warren G. Harding, how a guard can remain so formal. The 1921 congressional resolution leaders of America's allies, prominent Sgt. David Jones, a three-year vet- calling for the burial of an unknown Americans and nearly 75,000 citizens. eran of the "Old Guard", said, "While WWI soldier was written by Hamilton After placing the wreath on the cas- walking post, nothing enters my mind Fish Sr., a New York congressman ket, Fish told the hushed throng, "On except my mission; it takes a great who attended the Legion's founding behalf of the ex-servicemen of the Re- deal of discipline and dedication to do caucus in St. Louis in 1919. One of public, I reverently place this wreath this well." three Legionnaires to write the pre- on the tomb of the unknown comrade This is especially true when amble to the Legion constitution, Fish in arms who paid the supreme sacrifice sentinels are irritated by gnats and now is 95. that we might live at peace with all bees in the summertime. Insect repel- American Legion members and the world." lents are not allowed and shaving lo- Posts throughout the country backed In August 1955, Arlington, Va., tion is not worn, so as to help reduce the effort to have the Tomb dedicated Post 85 arranged for the renovation of the number of flying pests. Yet, by contacting their representatives the quarters used by the "Sentinels of should a sentinel be bitten or stung, when the Fish resolution was pro- the Tomb." his concentration is supposed to pre- posed. The bill was the last one signed In 1968, The National Executive vent flinching. by an ailing President Woodrow Wil- Committee adopted a resolution al- son, on March 4, 1921. locating $75,000 for installation and "Changing of the Guard," es- Fish, an Honorary Past National maintenance of lights to illuminate the Thepecially during daylight hours, is Commander, was asked by the War Tomb at night. The American Legion impressive. Thousands of visitors Department in 1921 to place the only Auxiliary also donated $25,000 toward watch the ceremony each year. Five wreath on the grave of the Unknown the project. minutes before each change, an im- peccably uniformed relief commander steps out near the plaza. Three min- kets three times and finally placed ttie utes before the change, the oncoming How Unknown the flowers on one of them. sentinel unlocks the bolt of his rifle to SoldiersWere Chosen The casket arrived in Washington, signal the relief commander. The D.C., on Nov. 9 and was taken to the commander approaches, salutes the hree men "Known But To God" rotunda of the Capitol to lie in state Tomb and tells the audience what they are in their final resting places in until Armistice Day. are about to see. His speech is fol- Arlington National Cemetery. The Unknown of WWII was lowed by a white-glove inspection of How were they chosen? selected from two, one each from the the new sentinel and his rifle. After an After Congress approved the reso- European and South Pacific Theaters exchange of orders and honors to the lution calling for the burial of an un- of Operation. Hospitalman First Tomb, the new guard begins his duty. known soldier at Arlington National Class William R. Charette made the Sentinels also assist American and Cemetery, four caskets were selection. Four unknowns from the foreign visitors who pay their respects gathered in a cemetery in France on Korean War were finally narrowed and place wreaths at the Tomb. On Oct. 21, 1921. Edward F. Younger, a down to one when Army MSgt Ned Christmas Day, all sentinels lay their highly decorated, wounded combat Lyle made the selection. own wreaths at the Tomb. veteran, entered the room. Carrying An Unknown Soldier from the In recognition of their service, a spray of roses, he circled the cas- Vietnam War has not been selected. sentinels are eligible to wear a silver

MAY 1984 29 PROFILES IN SERVICE

National Commission on Americanism Preserving and Promoting Traditional American Values

Ask 10 people what "Ameri- "Recognizing the significance of the the US Department of Education, the canism" means and you'll get 10 task, the Legion combined these divi- National Education Association, the different answers. Ask a Legionnaire, sions in 1971 in order to simulta- National Parent Teacher Association however, and you'll get 100 answers. neously concentrate our efforts in a and the National School Boards Asso- That's because Legionnaires show two-pronged approach. The result is ciation make American Education Americanism — that unfailing love of that we are better able to help those Week a lasting symbol of the Legion's country — in hundreds of ways as they children who are in need (Children & commitment to education. fulfill the challenge set forth in a por- Youth Division) and to provide chal- Over 30 years ago, Legion leaders tion of the Preamble to the Legion's lenges and recognition (Americanism decided something was needed to help Constitution: "To uphold and defend Division) to all young people." promising students find the financial the Constitution of the United States In meeting this challenge, Legion support needed to get post-high school of America ... to fos- training. What resulted ter and perpetuate a was its Need A Lift? one hundred percent booklet, a nationally Americanism ... to in- recognized compendium culcate a sense of indi- of Legion, Auxiliary vidual obligation to the and other sources of community, state and financial aid. "Now in nation ... to safeguard its 33rd edition," said and transmit to pos- Renaud, "Need A Lift? terity the principles of is considered the mpst justice, freedom and complete listing of democracy." scholarships. Not only Americanism to Le- does this booklet list in- gionnaires is spreading formation about Legion the word of the limit- scholarships, but it also less potential for tells students and par- growth and accom- ents how and where to plishment that is avail- Guiding and challenging youth are two of the goals of the Legion's apply for hundreds of able in America. It is Americanism programs. Here, delegates at the 1983 Boys Nation other sources of financial the understanding of discuss civic responsibility. aid, including public and the deeper meanings private foundations. Also and purposes of what it is to be an Posts led the nation in sponsoring included are tips on how to get informa- American, of what it is to participate leadership programs in 1983. Over tion about more than 300 careers." as a citizen in a free society. 20,000 students received Legion school "Americanism programs," explained awards; 28,000 participated in Boys Costing just $1 and available from Dale L. Renaud, (Iowa), chairman of State. Over 100,000 participated in Emblem Sales, the booklet the National Americanism Commis- Legion-sponsored athletic teams and shows the way to millions of dollars in sion, "encourage every Legionnaire to 3,336 young people received direct financial aid for students. become actively involved in his or her financial aid from Legion Posts to at- In 1974, Dr. Kenneth B. Hoyt, community, state and nation. Legion- tend colleges and post-high school Ph.D., a career specialist in the De- naires must be active in our education training programs. Moreover, Posts partment of Education and member of programs, Legion baseball, oratorical sponsored over 2,000 Boy Scout Cissel-Saxon Post 41, Silver Springs, contests, Boys State and flag etiquette troops. In all, Legionnaires contrib- Md., asked the Legion to help him programs to promote the development uted over $9 million in direct cash "bring respectability back to two of American youth for themselves and support for youth programs last year. words: education and work." for a better America." The Legion also recognizes the im- What resulted was the Legion book- From its beginning, the Legion has portance of helping America's youth let, Post Auxiliary Community To- believed that helping America's youth get a quality education. Legion leaders gether in Education, a guide for Posts helps America. K. Michael Ayers, di- in 1921 organized the first national ob- on how to support and improve the rector of the combined Americanism servance of American Education working relationship between the and Children & Youth Division, said, Week. Today, the combined efforts of community and the schools, and how

30 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE S

to encourage academic excellence. rector; William M. Justis, deputy di- Americanism programs, however, rector; Lee A. Hardy, George Rulon encompass far more than education and Ron Engel, assistant directors; and community service; they include Grace Hall, Jean Enochs, Nila programs of immediate national con- Schierbaum and Debbie Vester, cern. Monitoring un-American activi- secretaries, and Doris ties has been a duty of the Legion Crouch, research clerk since its inception; in the mid-1940s, a and editor of the monthly formal program was developed to col- Firing Line. lect and disseminate that information. To recognize Le- An analytical and informative digest, gionnaires who have Summary of Trends and Devel- outstanding Ameri- opments, was published to report de- canism programs, the tails of subversive activity prop- Legion sponsors 17 national awards. aganda. The digest was a forerunner "Every link of a chain is critical in of today's Firing Line, which is avail- its effectiveness," Renaud said. "The able on a subscription basis for $5 a Americanism programs of the Legion year. In addition, the Counter- are like a chain that links young per- Subversive Activities Committee Legion baseball has produced over sons seeking challenge to opportuni- (formerly the Un-American Activities half of today's major leaguers, ties. The success of these programs Committee) was assigned to the Na- including George Brett, above. rests almost entirely on the members tional Americanism Commission by the of our 16,000 Posts worldwide. National Executive Committee in 1953. endorses both legislative and consti- "We need more people, not more tutional solutions to getting voluntary programs," he added. "The entire Na- Other national concerns of the prayer back into public schools. tional Americanism Commission and Commission is support for im- Providing the necessary experience its staff can't gain for the Legion what migration reform to maintain a quota sys- needed to direct and carry out these one strong dedicated Post can gain in tem for the proper assimilation of im- service projects are the members of its local community. That's why migrants into mainstream America. Vol- the Americanism Commission and the Legion teamwork is so important. It's untary school prayer also receives strong staff of the combined Americanism and not just for the Legion, either. It's for support as the Americanism Commission Children & Youth Division: Ayers, di- our country."

"The success of this program rests almost entirely on the members of our 16,000 Posts worldwide." Dale L. Renaud (Iowa) Chairman, Americanism Commission

Discussing Americanism programs are Chairman Renaud (left) and Director K. Michael Ayers, who meet often to review strategies.

Legionnaires love their country and

aren't ashamed to show it. Here, in an impressive display of Americanism, they mass the nation's flag.

MAY 1984 31 SALT LAKE CITY Convention Salt Lake City is the "Wild West" have large families: Utah's birth rate decked out in designer jeans. It is double the national average. has everything from ballet to bronco The city's principal landmark (and bustin'. With big-city verve and the state's most popular tourist at- small-town friendliness, it weaves to- traction) is Temple Square, home of gether a storied past, a high-tech fu- the multi-spired Mormon Temple, built ture and a healthy economy into an in stages from 1853 to 1893. (This enviable lifestyle. All in all, it's a granite edifice is open only to Mor- memorable experience for a visitor. mons in good standing.) For participants at The American Also on Temple Square (and open to Legion's 1984 National Convention visitors) are the world-famed Taber- Aug. 31-Sept. 5, the biggest challenge nacle, erected in 1863; the Assembly will be to see all of the area's attrac- Hall; the Temple Annex; beautifully tions in only a few days. landscaped grounds, museums, a visi- Many may be seen during a three- tor center and one of the world's few to four-hour walking tour of the center monuments to a bird: Seagull Monu- of the city. This trek may be supple- ment, erected in honor of a species mented by a half-day drive or bus tour that saved pioneer crops by devouring of attractions on the city's fringes. swarms of crickets. Salt Lake City's dominant attraction Guided tours of the walled, 10-acre is its mountain backdrop, a majestic square include the Tabernacle's tapestry that changes colors with the 10,742-pipe organ. With pipes from seasons and provides the city with five-eighths of an inch to 32 feet long, seven canyons within jogging distance the organ produces a resonance that from downtown. Where else can a can be appreciated during public reci- businessman fish in a mountain stream tals daily, during national broadcasts or go skiing on his lunch break? of the 350-voice Mormon Tabernacle Some 650,000 people five in the met- Choir on Sunday mornings or during ropolitan area, 180,000 of them within choir rehearsals on Thursday nights. the city's boundaries. About half are Near Temple Square are the members of the Church of Jesus Brigham Young Monument and Christ of Latter-Day Saints (Mor- Young's two homes near Eagle Gate, mons), which is headquartered in Salt which marked the entrance to Young's Lake City. Mormons abstain from estate. The two authentically restored alcohol and tobacco, are devoted to a homes serve as a museum and a re- pioneer-style work ethic and generally ception center. A few blocks north of Eagle Gate is Mike C. Korologos, a resident of Salt the Utah State Capitol, with monu- Lake City and writer specializing in ment- and flower-laden grounds on the travel articles, has been published in fringe of cool City Creek Canyon. The numerous national magazines. Utah Travel Council is the sole resi- dent of nearby Council Hall, if you're seeking tour and sightseeing informa- tion. Also nearby is the Daughters of Utah Pioneers museum. All the heritage you want or need is available at the Mormon Church's downtown genealogical library, the most extensive such collection of in- formation in the world. Free and open Crossroads 1984 Other restaurants include 'This is the place!" Mormon leader Brigham Young Confetti Ristorante and the Cinegrill at Trolley said when he arrived at the spot of present-day Salt Corners (a restaurant-theater- shop- Lake City in 1847. Legionnaires attending the 66th ping complex a mile from the center of the city). The Market Street Grill and 1 National Convention Aug. 3 -Sept. S will survey the Market Street Broiler are the city's result of 137 years of industrious effort: a modern, finest fish purveyors, while Lamb's Grill downtown offers big menus for vibrant city with a Western flavor all its own. breakfast, lunch or dinner. Diamond Lil's is the city's prime-rib champion. Numerous family restaurants keep the By Mike C. Korologos average cost of meals down, to visi- tors' pleasant surprise. to the public, the library attracts guest memberships for $5 and allow If you have more time, and wish to thousands of Mormons and non- the bearer to be accompanied by five explore the region surrounding Salt Mormons alike. other people. Among the finer private Lake City, you may want to visit Also downtown is the Salt Palace clubs are the Rocky Mountain Petro- Great Salt Lake 17 miles west of town; complex, site of the Legion's National leum Club, the Market Street Oyster the world's largest man-made excava- Convention. Composed of more than Bar, the New Yorker, Harvey's, tion, Kennecott Co.'s Bingham Canyon two blocks of sports arenas, exhibit Royce's, the Club Manhattan, Room copper mine 25 miles southwest of the halls, convention facilities, a sym- At The Top, D. B. Cooper's and the city; Promontory Point, where the phony hall, an art gallery and a thea- Wasatch Front. Union and Central Pacific Railroads ter for the performing arts, and sur- For delectable dining, the Hotel were joined in 1869, some 90 miles rounded by ample parking, this new Utah Roof Restaurant and the Little northwest; Utah's famed ski and development sparked much other new America Hotel Restaurant are among summer resorts southeast of the city, construction downtown: hotels, theat- the city's highest ranked. The new and a half-dozen national parks and ers, restaurants, boutiques, a $500 Sheraton, the almost-new Marriott monuments within six hours' driving million multi-use development and two and the Hilton Hotels also offer fine time in all directions. of the nation's largest enclosed shop- menus. La Fleur De Lys at Arrow Regardless of whether you drive or ping malls. Press Square (across from the Salt walk, the 66th National Convention Major national hotel chains and ex- Palace) and La Caille at Quail Run at promises to be one of the best ever. cellent local hotels and motels provide the mouth of Little Cottonwood Can- Salt Lake City is both an ideal busi- the city with nearly 15,000 rooms, yon likewise top the dining charts for ness and vacation site, so plan to bring most of them within easy walking dis- flavor, service and atmosphere. the entire family. See you there! tance of each other and the various at- tractions. Yes, Salt Lake City streets are safe to walk after dark and there's excellent mass transit, too. Despite what you may have heard, Salt Lake City does have a nightlife. Ballet, professional baseball and bas- WSBmmm ketball teams, grand opera, hockey, modern dance, symphonic music, clas- sical and rock concerts, jazz combos and major road shows of Broadway at- tractions provide the city with ample cultural activities. You can enjoy a cocktail after 4 p.m. in numerous fine restaurants and in private clubs, which offer two-week LEGION NEWS

President Harry S. Truman: A Legionnaire Remembered

e took no guff from anybody. 1935 and 1936, and in every year from H Honest, hard-working and ex- 1939 to 1951. In 1960 he was named an ceedingly plainspoken — the latter to Honorary Past Commander of the De- such an extent that his manner some- partment of Missouri. He died in times grated harshly on more sensitive Independence Dec. 26, 1972, at the personalities — he worked less to in- age of 88. gratiate himself with people and suc- As US President, Truman made the ceeded better at doing so than any decision to drop the atomic bombs on other public figure of his day. Or since. Hiroshima and Nagasaki; conferred Thrust literally overnight from the with Winston Churchill and Joseph relative obscurity of the Vice Stalin at Potsdam; supervised the Presidency under the flamboyant execution of the Marshall Plan for the Franklin D. Roosevelt into interna- recovery of Europe; enunciated the Dr. George C. Hubschmitt tional prominence as a world leader, "Truman Doctrine" enabling aid to Harry S. Truman today is remem- Greece, Turkey and other nations; bered best for his almost homespun oversaw the creation of NATO and the LEGIONNAIRE simplicity, courage, determination and UN; approved the Berlin Airlift; grit. The famous sign on his desk in committed US forces to Korea in 1950, OF THE MONTH the Oval Office of the White House, and, in perhaps his most publicized "The Buck Stops Here," typified his action, relieved General of the Army sense of responsibility to the America Douglas MacArthur of his command hen the three-mile long he loved and led through eight tumul- for insubordination. Memorial Day Parade steps off tuous years. Whether you liked him or In explaining the latter action to a in Wyckoff, N. J., this month, look for not, you respected him. newspaper reporter at the time, Tru- a 91-year-old Post Commander near Born on May 8, 1884, in Lamar, man said, "Sure, I knew there would the head of the pack. Mo., and educated in Independence be a lot of stink about it. But it was

That'll be Dr. George C. Hub- [Mo.] public schools, Truman worked the right thing to do, and I did it, and schmitt, May's "Legionnaire Of The at a succession of "odd jobs'' from 1901 I've never lost any sleep over it since." Month," a man used to going the extra to 1905, when he enlisted in the Determination to do the right thing mile in service to country, community Missouri National Guard. From 1906 and to do his level best were the and The American Legion. to 1917, he ran his family's farm near hallmarks of Truman's character. The An army veteran of WWI, Hub- Independence. In 1917, he was elected nation and the Legion remember him schmitt is a founder and charter "junior first lieutenant" of Battery F, and honor him for them. member of Post 145 in Glen Rock, N.J. 129th Field Artillery Battalion; he was At the outbreak of WWII, he enlisted promoted to captain and assigned in in the Seabees and was attached to the June 1918 to Battery D, which he com- 18th Marine Division during the Saipan manded through the rest of the war. and Tinian invasions. Discharged in 1919, Truman became Hubschmitt served in every office at a charter member of William T. Post 145 and was elected its Command- Fitzsimmons Post 8 of The American er in 1963 and 1964. In 1968 he moved to Legion in Kansas City, Mo., transfer- Wyckoff and joined Post 83. He served ring his membership to Tirey J. Ford as Post 83's Commander in 1975, and Post 21, Independence, Mo., in 1920. in 1982 was elected to the first of two He was active in Post affairs for sev- consecutive terms as Commander, the eral years, serving on the Post's last one beginning shortly after he Americanism, Rehabilitation and Child turned 90. Welfare committees. He was a dele- At Post 83, Hubschmitt has been an gate to the National Conventions active officer and member of the Memorial Day Parade Committee. A regular parade marcher for years, he was was its Grand Marshal in 1982. Truman (right), a charter member of Soldier, sailor, dedicated Legion- Post 8, Kansas City, Mo., joined The naire and community servant, George Legion in 1919 and was active in Post Hubschmitt is a model for The Ameri- Affairs. In 1935 and 1936, he was a can Legion and for all Americans. National Convention Delegate from POSTOF THE MONTH

White River Junction Post 26 Showing a "Pull Together" Spirit

There is a "pull together" spirit service. Renovated in 1980-81, the and Vermont Association for the Blind that is peculiarly American. building has kitchens on two floors, have all been helped by Post 26. Mem- It was born of Pilgrims who shared allowing for more than one banquet at bers also gave their time driving chil- food to survive the first terrible win- a time. On 116 days last year, the dren to weekly training sessions for ters. It was nurtured by pioneers who home was used for local meetings, Special Olympics practice. faced the challenges of westward ex- banquets and awards programs, all pansion and was matured by today's free of charge. Special Olympics, Girl Sharing their community spirit veterans who succeeded in this cen- Scout leaders, the State of Vermont, and inspiring and thanking tury's wars. the Army and Navy, various unions, others for doing the same, Post 26 an- This spirit is kept alive today by blood draw programs and other citizen nually presents numerous community thousands of American Legion Posts, groups have used the Post home. A awards, including the Hartford Citizen where dedicated veterans give time, monthly well-baby clinic where babies of the Year, Upper Valley Outstanding skills and money to help their com- are examined and inoculated is pro- Service Award, Media of the Year munity and country, just as Pilgrims vided by the Post free of charge. The Award and Outstanding Youth of the and settlers did in years gone by. Hartford Day Care Center used the Year Award. Several other community Typical of Posts whose members are home for a fundraising dance last year, service groups also receive awards dedicated community servants and and adult health screenings for senior from Post 26. volunteers is White River Junction citizens are a regular event at Post 26. Post Adj. Maurice Perreault said Post 26 in Hartford, Vt., The Amer- Legion pamphlets, including Need A the secret of the Post's success in the ican Legion Magazine's Post of the Lift? and Let's Be Right On Flag community is its members. "We have Month for May. Etiquette also are distributed through- lots of good workers here in lots of ac- Located in east Vermont, Post 26 out the community. tivities. Perhaps because of that," he has become more than a meeting place Post 26 gave $2,500 to the Vietnam said, "we have new veterans joining for Legionnaires and their families. Veterans Memorial Fund last year. all the time, some from 200 to 300 It's a community center as well, one of The USO, Vermont Heart Association miles away." the largest buildings in Hartford. Ronald Aldrich, current chairman of the Post's Americanism Committee, played American Legion baseball in Hartford, thanks to Post 26. Now he is involved in many of the Post's com- munity service projects. Last year the Post, with fewer than 900 members, contributed over $50,000 to Americanism and Children & Youth programs for Legion base- ball, a baseball scholarship, oratorical contests, Boys State, conservation camps, state police camps, vocational training programs and national con- tests, Little League, a softball team and a music scholarship. Funds for these contributions were raised through regular Post activities includ- ing benefit suppers and dances.

Most members also serve as vol- unteer coaches in a local "pee- wee" hockey program and in baseball and basketball programs. They con- tributed more than 3,400 hours of vol- unteer time at the local VA hospital last year and another 1,350 hours in other community projects. Pride in country and community come together as Post 26 members march in Even the Post home is pressed into parades in Hartford, Vt.

MAY 1984 35 OUTFIT REUNIONS

USS Cowpens CVL 25, Aircraft Carrier, (WWII) (June- USS Texas BB 35 (June) Vincent Mossucco, 27 Barnett O.R. Guidelines Cowpens, SC) Gerald Shaw, Box 560505, Miami, FL St., Bloomfield. NJ 07003, (201) 338-6345 33156 USS Thomas DE 102 (July-Philadelphia) Eugene Es- USS Dashiell DD 659 (July-Prior Lake, MN) Harold sex, 410 W. Ash St. Zionsville, IN 46077, (317) 873- Schmitt, 23655 Zinn Ave., Prior Lake, MN 55372, 2489 Beginning with this issue, The (612) 492-2250 USS Topeka CL 67 (Aug-Portland, OR) James Wilson, American Legion Magazine USS Diphda AKA 59 (June-Louisville, KY) Tom 1022 W. Abbott St., Muncie, IN 47303, (317) 288-3949 Coogan, 12185 Ford Line, Southgate, Ml 48195 USS Yorktown CV 5 Club (June-Asheville, NC) Clyde will present Outfit Reunions as a USS Edwin A. Howard DE 346 (Aug-Houston) Dale Hunsucker, Rt. 1, Box H782, Claremont, NC 28610, special department, complete on these Roth, 305 Harrington Ave.. Harrington, DE 19952, (704) 459-7707 (302) 398-8744 two pages. USS Fletcher DD/DDE 445 (Aug-Nashville. TN) Waldo Notices will be published for Legion- Dickenson, 1932 Ainsley Rd., San Diego, CA 92123, 277-3359 naires only and must be submitted on (619) USS Franks DD 554, PC 785 (June-Dayton. OH) Edward Air Force official forms. To obtain forms, send a Hill, 6420 Noranda Dr., Dayton, OH 45415. (513) 890- self-addressed, stamped envelope to 3297 2nd Bomb Sq., 22nd Bomb Grp., 5th A.F. (June-San USS Haddo 255 (Aug-Chicago) Paul Oehlert. 107 Diego) Jim Bradley, 5803 NW 70th Ave., Ft. Lauder- O.R. Form, The American Legion Roboda Blvd., Royersford, PA 19468, (215) 948-6715 dale, FL 33319, (305) 721-9262 Magazine, P.O. Box 1055, In- USS Harding DD 625/DMS 28 (Sept-St. Louis) G. Taylor 19th Bomb Assn. (Group & Wing) (Aug-Omaha, NE) Watson, Box 13A, McDaniel, MD 21647. (301) 745- Herbert Frank, 90-13 201st St., Hollis. NY 11423, dianapolis, 46206. Notices IN must be 9725 (212) 465-5740 received at least five months before re- USS Holder DDE 819 (July-Fort Wayne. IN) John Gib- 56th Air Depot Group (Guam) (July-Crawford, NE) son. 2416 Poinsette Dr., Fort Wayne, IN 46808, (219) Melvin Thiemann, Rt. 2, Box A25, Pawnee City, NE unions are scheduled and will be pub- 483-8770 68420, (402) 852-2274 lished on afirst-come, first-served basis. USS James O'Hara (July-Rocktord, IL) Ebert 65th Troop Carrier Sq. (WWII) (Aug-Tulsa. OK) Bud Engstrom, 7684 Appleton Ave., Belvidere, IL 61008 Hawkey, 106 Union Dr., New Madison, OH 45346, USS Kraken SS 370 (Aug-Chicago) Loyd Hintz. Box (513) 996-3851 192, Platte, SD 57369, (605) 337-3493 330th Bomb Sq., 93rd Bomb Wing (June-Castle AFB, USS Leary DD 158 (July-Chicago) Thomas Johnson, CA) Mike Bogna, 525 Baker Ct., Atwater, CA 95301, Navy 141A W. Maryland Ave., Aldan, PA 19018, (215) 284- (209) 358-5320 2891 344th Air Serv. Sq., 321st Air Serv. Grp., 13th A.F. 1st Naval Beach Bn. (WWII) (June-Pompano Beach, USS Louisville Assn. (Aug-Minneapolis) James Hamill, (July-Omaha, NE) Keith Bee, 650 Gregg Ave., FL) John Zesut. 55 Havenwood Dr.. Pompano Beach, 819 W. Charles St., Piano, IL 60545. (312) 552-3991 BridgeviMe, PA 15017, (412) 221-6927 FL 33064, (305) 781-0484 USS LST 177 (July-Sharon, PA) Vincient Mongiello. 203 352nd Tact. Ftr. Sq. (1 968-70- Vietnam, Phan Rang) 5th NCB (Sept-Minneapolis) Laurence Terry, 5307 W. Venango St.. Mercer, PA 16137, (412) 662-3061 (Aug-Zion, IL) Bob Schultz, 2216 Elm Ave., Zion, IL Maryman Rd., Louisville, KY 40258, (502) 937-8921 USS LST 268 (June-Columbia, MO) George Hansen, 60099, (312) 746-3976 20th Seabees (WWII) (Aug-Charleston, WV) W. O. 1504 Golf Blvd., Rt. 6, Columbia, MO 65202, (314) 388th Bomb Group Assn. (WWII) (Aug-Boston) Edward Caswell, Rt. 1, Box 242-A1A, Hurricane, WV 25526 474-4565 Huntzinger, 1925 SE 37th St., Cape Coral, FL 33904. 56th NCB (Aug-Tuscaloosa, AL) Leonard Burchfield. USS LST 345 (August) Robert White Sr., Rt. 2, Box 12, (813) 542-4807 Rt. 3, Box 569, Mallard Lake, Cottondale, AL 35452. Siler City. NC 27344 (919) 742-2476 679th, 703rd, 1022nd, 1536th Ord. Co. (New Guinea- (205) 553-4055 USS LST 380 (Sept-Delroy. OH) Ralph Branca, 2934 WWII) (Aug-King of Prussia, PA) Nate Frankel, 1609 71st CB Associates (Aug-Atlanta) Harry Dever, 5845 Pikes Ave., Akron, OH 44314 (216) 753-8920 Almara Cir., Louisville, KY 40205, (502) 459-1051 Greenbrier Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA 30328 USS LST 529 (Aug-Vicksburg, Ml) Kenneth Mackay, 780th Sq., 456th Grp. (H) Italy (Sept-St. Louis) John 77th Seabee Bn. (Sept-Minneapolis) B.I. Camp, 4821 218 S. Main St., Pearl River, NY 10965, (914) 735- Fitzgerald, 2435 Union Rd., St. Louis, MO 63125 Langley Rd., Ft. Worth. TX 76114, (817) 626-1103 3703 830th Air Police Sq. (Selfridge AFB, 1942-44) 96th NCB, 589th, 590th, 613th, 1048th, 3050th, Casual USS LST 655 (July-Perrysburg, NY) Adrian Westlund, (Aug-Peoria, IL) Jake Tennant, 814 E. Hines Ave., Draft Azore Unit, (WWII) (Aug-Wichita. KS) Hazel Wardtown Rd., Perrysburg, NY 14129, (716) 532-2550 Peoria Hts., IL 61614. (309) 688-3869 Solacski, 139 Raven Head, Houston, TX 77034. (713) USS LST 757 (WWII) (June-Fallon, NV) Robert Eng- China-Burma-India Hump Pilots (August) Mrs. Jan 944-2305 land. 612 Douglas, Fallon, NV 89406. (702) 423-3836 Thies, 808 Lester St., Poplar Bluff. MO 63901, (314) 123rd NCB (August) Herbert Thompson, 1205 Horse- USS LST 957 Amph. Forces (June-Chattanooga, TN) E. 785-2420 shoe Dr., Pueblo, CO 81001 K. Magrath Jr.. 301 Ridge Ave., Chattanooga, TN P-47 Thunderbolt Pilots (May) Robert Forrest, 63 Rose- CBMU 593 (July-Moorhead, MN) Arnold Strom, 2007 S. 37404, (615) 622-1597 land Ave. Apt. 48, Caldwell, NJ 07006 19th St., Moorhead. MN 56560, (218) 233-5214 USS Marsh DE 699 (Aug-Houston) John Cullinan, P-51 Mustang Pilots Assn. (July) Dr. H. O. Fisher, 628 Lion Four (Sept-Rochester, MN) Ruben Stahl, 1621 36235 N. Mill Ct., Gurnee, IL 60031, (312) 356-2637 Mountain Rd., Smoke Rise, Kinnelon, NJ 07405. (201) Illinois SW. Huron, SD 57350, (605) 352-2665 USS Maryland BB 46 Assn. (Sept-Little Rock, AR) A. H. 838-2040 USN Base Hosp. #18 Guam (WWII) (July-Dayton, OH) Belotti, 211 Steven Dr., Little Rock, AR 72205, (501) 75th Bomb (M) Sq., 42nd Bomb Grp. (Aug-Portland, Robert Wagner, 7480 Normandy Ln., Dayton, OH 225-1180 OR) L. P. Kolaks, 11006 SE 55th Ave., Milwaukie, OR 45459. (513) 433-2714 USS Massachusetts Assn. (June) Robert Grimes, 11 97222, (503) 654-0700 US Submarine Vets (WWII) (Aug-Chicago) Corwyn Spring St., Waltham, MA 02154, (617) 894-5797 421st AAF Base Unit (Muroc, CA) (May-Tulsa. OK) Burns, 1257 E. 168th St., South Holland, IL 60473, USS Mattaponi AO 41 (Aug-Cherry Hill, NJ) Joe Heines. Lawrence Abbamonte, 3938 Amundson Ave., Bronx, (312) 339-8857 837 Bowline Dr.. Forked River, NJ 08731 NY 10466, (914) 237-0063 VP/VPB 54 (Blackcats-1942-45) (Sept-Danvers, MA) R. USS McGowan DD 678 (July-Charleston. SC) Don Ro- 841st Nav. Training Sq. (Aug-Springfield, IL) Don A. Teubert, 20462 Running Spring Ln., Huntington gers, 30 Hurd St., Lynn, MA 01905, (617) 595-1137 Lehman, 405 Westwood Terr., Austin, TX 78746 Beach, CA 92646, (714) 962-0076 USS McNulty DE 581 (June-Utica, NY) William Olivier, 1915th QM Truck Co., 8th A.F. (June-Sherman, TX) USS Almaack AK 27, USS Wayne APA 54 (Sept- 14 Wills Dr., New Hartford, NY 13413, (315) 732-3677 Joseph Smith, 1408 N. Hoard, Sherman, TX 75090, Johnson City, TN) Joe Viedaka, Rt. 8, Box 559, USS Minneapolis CA 36, Cruiser Dlv. 6 (May- (214) 893-3404 Johnson City, TN 37601. (615) 926-5226 Philadelphia) Chaplain D. Theobald, Box 227, Harri- Childress Bombardier Class 43-7 (Aug-Nashville. TN) USS Baron DE 166 (Aug-Houston) Henry Pacheco. 69 son. NY 10528 John Woodley, 819 Byrne Dr., Montgomery. AL Fox Hill Ave., Bristol, Rl 02809 USS Nautilus SS 168 (Aug-Chicago) G. L. Bodenburg, 36111, (205) 281-5641 USS Barton DD 722 (Sept-Nashville. TN) Jim Deters, 1813 Marguerite St., Bay City, TX 77414, (409) 245- 356 Jerlou Dr., Ft. Mitchell, KY 41017, (606) 341-9079 9540 USS Birmingham CL 62 (Aug-Las Vegas, NV) Bill Cun- USS Patoka AO 9 (June-Biloxi. MS) H. F. McBride, Rt. 428-1805 ningham, 3509 W. Washington Ave , Las Vegas, NV 2, Box 623. Laurel, MS 39440, (601) 89107, (702) 878-4635 USS Preston DD 795 (Aug-Hyannis. MA) Roger Anttila, Army USS Boggs DMS 3 (WWII) (Aug-Estes Park, CO) Robert 64 Hampshire Ave.. Hyannis, MA 02601, (617) 775- Henguth, 2139 Whipponwill Ct., Pinole, CA 94564, 3915 1st Bn., 152nd Inf., 38th Cyclone Dlv. (WWII) (July-New (415) 223-4564 USS Robinson DD 562 (WWII) (Sept-St. Louis) Don Albany, IN) Alan Stephens, 2842 Wahoo Dr., New Al- USS Bowfln SS 287 (Aug-Chicago) Thomas Stack, 42 Fahlberg, 3661 41st St. Apt. 12. Moline, IL 61265, bany, IN 47150, (812) 944-0400 Kellogg St., Waterbury, CT 06710, (203) 755-3258 (309) 797-2781 1st Transport Ferry Grp., 3rd Trans. Sq., ATC 1333 USS Chauncey DD 667 (WWII) (Aug-Ft. Pierce, FL) USS Skipjack SS 184 (Aug-Chicago) Donald Lennox, AAFBU (Chabua-Dinjan, India) (Aug-Dixon, IL) Max Wilbert Wieland, 2450 Kenwood Manor, Apt. 9, Sioux 101 Vermont St., Greensburg, PA 15601, (412) 832- Sharp, 3907 Lexington Rd., W. Alexandria, OH 45381, Falls, SD 57104, (605) 334-8498 8213 (513) 839-4348 USS Coghlan DD 606 (Sept-Covington, IN) Patrick USS Spikefish SS 404 (Aug-Chicago) Jim Green, Box 2nd Bn., 209th F.A. Bn., 161st F.A. Regt. (WWII) Tanquary, Box 1063, Danville, IL 61832, (217) 442- 202, Wales, Wl 53183, (414) 968-2146 (June-Great Bend, KS) Herbert Harding, 814 S. "A" 0576 USS St. Louis CL 49 Assn. (May-San Diego) Frank St.. Arkansas City, KS 67005, (316) 221-1238 USS Concord CL 10 (Sept-Manassas, VA) H. G. Himes. Ambler, 2845 3rd Ave. 4B, San Diego, CA 92103, 4th Ivy Inf. Div. Assn. (Aug-Clearwater, FL) Kenneth Rt. 1, Box 381, Gainesville. VA 22065, (703) 347-7315 (619) 291-5037 Zisler, 5330 Springwood, Spring Hill, FL 33526 USS Curtiss AV 4 (Sept-San Diego) Francis Pavlu, 682 USS Tabberer DE 418 (July-King of Prussia, PA) Sylvan 6th Arm'd Dlv. Assn. (July-Dearborn, Ml) Edward Reed, Medford St., El Cajon, CA 92020, (619) 422-4026 Goldfein, Box 108, Norma, NJ 08347 (609) 691-6139 Box 5011, Louisville, KY 40205, (502) 451-9822

36 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE 1

9th Arm'd Div. 14th Tank Bn. (Aug-Fort Worth, TX) An- 279th Engr. Combat Bn. (Aug-Atlanta) Jim Engle, 2411 Fleetwood, PA 19522, (215) 944-9006 thony Ziegler, 171 Sedgefield Dr., Harahan, LA Shallowford Terr., Chamblee, GA 30341, (404) 457- "B" Co., 66th Signal Bn. (June-Kalamazoo, Ml) Ed 70123, (504) 737-9363 8812 Knapp, 33 N. Main St., Three Rivers, Ml 49093, (616) 9th Medical Bn., 9th Div. (1954-56) (Aug-Los Angeles) 291st Engr. Combat Bn. (Aug-Buffalo, NY) Joseph 279-2155 Frank DuClos, 933 E. Francisquito, V\fest Covina, CA Conners, 207 Tudor Rd., Buffalo, NY 14215, (716) "B" Co., 134th Inf. (WWII) (July-Falls City, NE) Robert 91790, (818) 918-2032 835-4910 Godfirnon, Box 64, Falls City, NE 68355, (402) 245- 15th F.A. Obsn. Bn. (Aug-Bowling Green, OH) Don 300th Engr. Bn. (C) (June-Dallas) Ernest Young, 9402 4466 Marten, 9511 Bowling Green Rd. E., Bowling Green, Cliff Brook Dr., Austin, TX 78747, (512) 243-1203 "B" Co., 701st MP (WWII) (Aug-Battle Creek, Ml) L. S. OH 43402, (419) 352-7120 300th Gen. Hospital (WWII) (June-Clarksville, IN) Aus- Shahan, 713 N. Main, Mt. Pleasant, IA 52641, (319) 21st Avn. Engrs. (WWII) (Aug-Williamsport, PA) Calvin tin Lutz, 1566 Meadow Ln., New Albany, IN 47150, 385-4778 Eckert, Rt. 3, Box 316, Dillsburg, PA 17019, (717) (812) 944-9909 "B" Co., 784th MP Bn. (Aug-Macon, GA) John Cul- 766-651 321st Signal Bn. (Aug-North Tonawanda, NY) James verhouse Jr., Zebulon Rd., Rt. 2, Macon, GA 31204, 23rd Inf. Regt., 2nd Indianhead Div. Assn. (Korea) Wilke, 496 Main St., Tonawanda, NY 14150, (716) (912) 477-6666 (July-Des Moines, IA) Rudy Avila, 223 SE Hartford, 694-2984 "C" Btry., 67th AAA Gun Bri. (July-Chaddsford, PA) Des Moines, IA 50315, (515) 288-0411 355th Engr. Regt. (WWII) (July-Lexington, KY) John Clarence Lister, 29A E. Stewart Ave., Lahsdowne, PA 34th Evacuation Hospital (June-Canton, OH) Robert Geran, 3345 Post Rd., Apt. 101, Lexington, KY 40503, 19050, (201) 623-4048 Essler, 187 Hankla, Houston, TX 77076, (713) 694- (606) 223-8064 "C" Btry., 457th Airborne F.A. Bn., 11th Airborne Div. 8116 456th AAA Bn. (WWII) (June-Chattanooga, TN) Frank (Ft. Campbell, KY) (July-Kingwood, WV) Cordell 38th Div. Band (June-Rushville, IN) Joe Alexander, Rt. Brooks, 960 Salem Rd., Rossville, Ga 30741, (404) Wheeler, Rt. 2, Box 595, Albermarle, NC 28001, (704) 5, Box 248, Rushville, IN 46173, (317) 932-4904 866-3029 982-8350 38th QM Co. (July-Greenwood, IN) Sherman Sheridan, 480th AAA Bn. (July-Palmerton, PA) Samuel George, "C" Co., 1/7 Cav., 3rd Pit. (1966-67-Vietnam) (July) Joe 57 Crestview Dr., Greenwood, IN 46142, (317) 881- Rt. 1, Palmerton, PA 18071, (215) 681-4500 Mans, 2913 Airport Rd., Godfrey, IL 62035, (618) 5143 483rd AAA AW Bn. (June-Chapel Hill, TN) William 466-6806 (July-Wheeling, WV) James 57th Field Hospital (WWII) (July-Milwaukee) Lester Haygood, Rt. 1 1 , Box 474, Florence, AL 35630, (205) "C" Co., 52nd Engrs. C Bn. Senkbeil, 1313 S. 20th St., Sheboygan, Wl 53081 764-9412 Kirksey, Box 292, Colerain, OH 43916, (614) 635-9487 81st Inf. Div. (Aug-Denver) Coral Gordan, 1007 W. 551st Engr. Hvy. Pontoon Bn. (June-Williamsport, PA) "C" Co., 110th Med. Bn. (July-Atlantic, IA) Ralph Main, Box 703, Mesa, AZ 85201, (602) 962-6267 William Brink, Box 123, Picture Rocks, PA 17762 Schmidt, Rt. 2, Box 9, Monroe, NE 68647, (402) 495- 84th Inf. Div. (Railsplitters) (Aug-Reno, NV) Secretary, 566th QM Railhead Co. (Aug-Saugerties, NY) Ishkanian 4262 Railsplitter Society, Box 26, Fort Myers, FL 33902, Alex, 15 Village Dr., Kings Village, Saugerties, NY "C" Co., 359th Engrs. (June-Louisville, KY) Thomas (813) 936-3570 12477, (914) 246-2459 Ryan, 4345 N. Main St., Dayton, OH 45405, (513) 94th Inf. Div. Assn. (July-Louisville, KY) Ross Jordan, 610th Engr. Light Equip. Co. (June-Sarasota, FL) 277-6583 1415 Orion Rd., Batavla, IL 60510, (312) 879-7157 Thomas Green, 3170 Eden Mills Dr., Sarasota, FL "H" Co., 155th Inf., 31st Div. (July-Pickwick Park, TN) 101st CA. Bn. AA (WWII) (July-Bainbridge, GA) Lee 33578, (813) 953-3554 George Tucker, 2706 E. Tennessee St., Corinth, MS Johnson, 1440 Blue Rd., Coral Gables, FL 33146, 636th Tank Destroyer Bn. (Aug-Aurora, NE) Tom 38834, (601) 287-2234 (305) 666-3025 Sherman, Rt. 1, Box 129, Marquette, NE 68854 "HQ" Btry., 66th AFA (July-Columbus, OH) Rene 106th Ren. Troop, 106th Inf. Div. (Original) (July- 702nd Tank Bn. (Red Devils) (Aug-Uniontown, PA) Fred Meiresonne, Rt. 3, Box 375D, Muscatine, IA 52761 Colorado Springs, CO) Bill Randall, 560 Pine St. #4, Bodkin, Rt. 2, Box 685, Uniontown, PA 15401, (412) "HQ" Co., 329th Inf., 83rd Div. (June-Maria Stein, OH) Royersford, PA 19468, (215) 948-7387 438-6782 Wib Cowgill, 109 Linden Ave., Cambridge, OH 43725, 113th AAA Gun Bn. (WWII) (July-Grand Rapids, Ml) 726th Railway Oper. Bn. Assn. (Aug-Carlisle, PA) Bill (614) 439-3942 Don Roberts, Rt. 1, Box 222, Richville, MN 56576, Weibly, Rt. 1, Box 87, Carlisle, PA 17013, (717) 249- "H&S" Co., 120th Engr. (C) Bn., 45th Inf. Div. (July- (218) 495-3303 2030 Stillwater, OK) Woody Harris, 26 Preston Cir., Stillwa- 120th Ord. Co. (MM) (Aug-Battle Creek, Ml) Jack Bank- 741st Tank Bn. (July-Seymour, IN) Palmer Ude, 214 S. ter, OK 74074, (405) 372-4098 head, 64 Garden St., Battle Creek, Ml 49017, (616) 4th Rd., Seymour, IN 47274, (812) 522-5853 "I" Co., 129th Inf., 33-37th Div. (June-Crystal Lake, IL) 964-1643 742nd MP Bn. Assn. (Aug-Kansas City, MO) Don Mar- Earl Rasmussen, Rt. 2, Hwy. 20, Alamo, TN 38001, 120th Station Hospital (ETO) (July-Brownsville, TX) tindale, 1320 1st St. SE, Oelwein, IA 50662, (319) (901) 696-4183 Charles Schenz, 3450 Behymer Rd., Cincinnati, OH 283-4027 "M" Co., 116th Inf., 29th Div. (July-Emporia, VA) W. D. 45245, (513) 752-3646 749th AAA Bn. (June-Worcester, MA) Albert Longone, Rowell, Rt. 1, Box 75, Emporia, VA 23847, (804) 634- 125th AAA Gun Bn. (MBL) (July-Columbus, OH) E. E. 25 Shrine Ave., West Boylston, MA 01583, (617) 835- 4845 Ballert, Box 585, Bryan, OH 43506, (419) 636-3028 3805 Four & Eleven Corps Arty. Hq. (WWII) (June-Lebanon, 142nd Field Arty. (936th, 937th F.A. Bns.) (June- 754th Tank Bn. Assn. (WWII) (July-Buffalo, NY) TN) Fred Swann, 118 Hammond Ave., Lebanon, TN Fayetteville, AR) Gene Locklar, Box 742, Little Rock, Michael Stepien, 122 Churchill St., McKees Rocks, 37087, (615) 444-2188 AR 72203, (501) 664-3163 PA 15136, (412) 771-0510 Herzo Base, West Germany (Army Security Agency) 149th Assn. (Formerly 149th Inf. Regt., 38th Cyclone 815th Avn. Engrs. Bn. (July-Spokane, WA) Darrell (July-Nashville, TN) Harold Standifer, Rt. 1, Box 262, Div.-WWII) (June-Louisville, KY) Marion Williams, Howard, E. 1727-1 5th Ave., Spokane, WA 99203, (509) Harrogate, TN 37752, (615) 869-3947 2005 Redleaf Dr., Louisville, KY 40222, (502) 425- 535-3278 4963 876th Airborne Engr. Avn. Bn. (May-Milford, CT) Max 150th Engr. Combat Bn. Assn. (WWII) (May-Cape Cod, Nowicki, 835 Milford Point Rd., Milford, 06460, CT r MA) Philip Dobruck, 2 Dayton Ct., Newington, CT (203) 874-6538 06111 956th Postal Unit, APO 956, (San Francisco, CA, Ft. 158th F.A. Bn. (157th Inf. RCT, 45th Inf. Div.-WWII) Ruger, Oahu) (Aug-Clemson, SC) Harrison Orr., Box (Aug-King of Prussia, PA) B.A. Finkle, 505 Greenhurst 5762, Walhalla, SC 29691, (803) 638-2214 2nd Marine Div. Assn. (Aug-Cherry Hill, NJ) Hugo Dr., Pittsburgh, PA 15243, (412) 563-4362 1051st Engrs. (Port Constr. & Repair Grp. -WWII) Genge, Box 158, Denver, PA 17517, (717) 859-3093 174th Ord. Depot Co. (WWII) (July-Lexington, KY) Don (Aug-Canton, OH) Magnus Sonnergren, 302 Deems 3rd Marine Div. Assn. (July-Pittsburgh) Steve Palsa, Grimm, 2401 Reims Rd., Lexington, KY 40504, (606) Ave., Staten Island, NY 10314, (212) 442-7138 4754 Lougean Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15207, (412) 462- 252-2054 1896th Engr. Avn. Bn. (June-Pittsburgh) Victor 3355 179th Inf. Regt. Assn., 45th Inf. Div. Assn. (Aug- Lechowicz, 719 Taylor Ave., Avalon, PA 15202, (412) 12th Defense Bn. (August) Robert Lindsay, 11 Hillside Oklahoma City) Harlos Hatter, 3205 NW 52nd St., 761-7592 Ct., St. Paul, MN 55108 Oklahoma City, OK 73112, (405) 947-1827 3554th Ord. MAM Co. (Hawaii) (July-Kansas City, MO) "K" Co., 3rd Bn., 9th Marines (WWII) (July- 187th ARCT Assn. (Rakkasans) (July-Detroit) William Ray Clinkenbeard, Box 318, Asbury, MO 64832, (417) Washington) Frank Myers, 911 Gabel St., Silver Weber, 10301 McKinstry Mill Rd., New Windsor, MD 642-5690 Spring, MD 20901, (301) 593-1714 21776, (301) 775-7733 "A" Btry., 771st F.A. Bn. (July-Nashville, TN) Lawrence USS General G.O. Squire AP 130 (Mar. Detach., 190th F.A. Group Assn. (WWII) (July-Hunt Valley, MO) McPherson, 606 Sutton Dr., Xenla, OH 45385, (513) 1943-45) (Sept-Jackson, MS) Jim Green, 507 Broad- Wes Duttinges, Box 111, Sunbury, PA 17801, (717) 372-4347 way, Mt. Pleasant, IA 52641, (319) 385-4151 286-2708 "A" Co., 129th Inf., 37th Div. (Philippine Islands-WWII)

197th AAA AW Sp. Bn. (July-St. Louis) Hal Hart, 1428 (Aug-Monroe City, MO) Russell Smith, Rt. 1, Monroe Thatcher Ave., St. Louis, MO 63135, (314) 522-0943 City, MO 63456 (314) 735-2367 208th CA AA Vets Assn. (June-Middlebury, CT) Harry "A" Co., 148th Inf., 37th Div. (Aug-Antwerp, OH) MacNeil Jr., 26 Mountain Rd., Torrington, CT 06790, Robert Greek, Box 107, Montpelier, OH 43543, (419) Coast Guard (203) 489-8882 485-4751 215th CA (AA) (July-Mankato, MN) Paul Meyer, 118 "A" Co., 821st Avn. Engr. (July-Streator, IL) Daniel USS Allentown PF 52 (June-Williamsburg, VA) Russell Moreland Ave., Mankato, MN 56001, (507) 388-4139 Schlecht, Box 413, Woodruff, Wl 54568, (715) 356- Meyers, Rt. 194D, Onancock, VA 23417, (703) 787- 238th Engr. (C) Bn. Assn. (July-Prattville, AL) Jesse 3437 3796 Wolff, 88 Harding Ave., Parlin, NJ 08859, (201) 721- "A" Co., 3187th (Aug-Warrensburg, MO) William USS Chambers DE 391 (Aug-Houston) Robert Sievert, 9356 Livengood, Rt. 4, Box 804, Warrensburg, MO 64093, 121 W. Market St., Mt. Carroll, IL 61053, (815) 244- 250th Signal Oper. Co., Msg. Ctr. Platoon (WWII) (816) 747-7488 7553 (June-Allentown, PA) Ed Ness, Box 101, Nevis, MN "A,B,C,D, HQ" Batteries, 746th AAA Gun Bn. (WWII) USS Glendale (Sept-Niagara Falls, NY) Walter Rettig, 56467, (218) 652-4471 (June-Kansas City, MO) George Stewart, Box 495, 4680 Bailey Ave., Buffalo, NY 14226, (716) 833-4725 258th F.A. Bn. (Aug-Sioux Falls, SD) Maynard Justice, Tonganoxie, KS 66086, (913) 845-2582 USS LST 829 (Sept-Orlartdo, FL) Albert Ryzner, Big 410 E. Stearns, Chamberlain, SD 57325, (605) 734- "A,B,C,HQ," Recon. Co. 805th Tank Destroyer Bn. Shanty Rd., Star Rt., Lewis Run, PA 16738, (814) 5444 (Aug-Reading, PA) Lothair Dreibelbis, 122 Locust St., 362-1810

MAY 1984 37 rMUST LIQUIDATE^ NOW! Get in on the PROFITS in SPECIAL REPORT Emergency Power, Gas Operated SMALL ENGINE REPAIR

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AT BELOW DEALER COST! - No doubt about it ... as a small engine Continued from page 17 pro, you can cash in on the huge de- mand for qualified men in one of America's fastest growing industries. You'll be able to command top hourly rates' of from $10.00 to $15.00 per hour — and say that most, if not all, prime con- that's just for labor. Plenty ol business waiting for qualified men. tractors have excess capacity, prob- 65,000,000 Small Engines Are In Use Today! ably enough to double output quickly.

That's the official count from the Engine Service Assn. , and one-million new engines are being built each month. With Ammunition supplies, produced Foley-Belsaw training, you can soon have the skill and mostly in government facilities, are knowledge to make top money servicing these engines. said to be adequate. But the limita- tions of "surge output" are in the sub- contractor levels. For example, there are only two presses in the country capable of pro- ducing large forgings for aircraft land- ing gears and swept wing pivots for

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watts of All YOURS TO KEEP . . . . All at No Eitra Cost. electrical NO EXPERIENCE NECESSARY! plug-in power! You don't neea to be a born mechanic' or have any prior experience. Lessons are fully illustrated ... so clear you Serious storms can knock out can't go wrong, and with our famous 'learn-by-doing' electrical power any time of method you get practical 'hands-on' experience. year! Be prepared with this [~Foley Belsaw Institute • 50487 Field Bldg. I Kansas City. Mo. 64111 4000 watt power generator! Q YES, please send me the FREE booklet that gives lull oe | (ails about starting my own business in Small Engine Repair

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Don't let a storm rob YOUR home of electric power! | NAME Keep vital functions operating with this reliable standby source of 1 1 5V and 230V plug-in power! ADDRESS- Use it to run a freezer, refrigerator, or furnace. Run lights, a sump pump, small kitchen appliances, etc. CITY Or use in the field to operate electrical powertools! Operate enough items (up to 4000 watts) for com- |_STATE_ ZIP. fort and convenience as you need them! several combat aircraft, including the This 4000 watt portable generator has two 1 1 5V BIB bomber, now in production. outlets and one 230V outlet, each with 15 amp. service! Features include: Only one facility is producing engines for the new Ml tank. • 4-cycle gas engine Compare at over Cheney. • 8 hp at 3600 rpm $ Lead times of many critical items • Recoil start. 1 ,000.00 Because Laura • Manual choke. have stretched out seriously. The De- • 4-qt. gas tank. OUT THEY GO AT ONLY: fense Department currently estimates • Designed to dissipate loves this house. heat for cooler running the lead time for major forgings are 81 • Size: 17V2 "W x 25"L x 18"H. $. Laura and her husband weeks for titanium forgings, 65 weeks • Wt.: lbs. approx. 140 worked hard restoring this for aluminum and 54 weeks for steel.

old house. But then an ill- Pushbutton electric 488 comprehensive congres- The most Price subject to change im. - I ness made it impossible start model after 60 days. Offer void $ CO o a,_ for Laura to climb stairs. sional study of industrial defense pre- available at 5oO outside original 48 states. They could have moved to paredness was conducted by the Panel Credit card mem- a one-story house, but bers can order on Defense Industrial Base of the by telephone: Laura loves this house. A Cheney Wecolator" was House Armed Services Committee in Toil-Free: 1-800-328-0609 Laura's solution. It lets her late 1980. The chairman of the panel, If busy signal or no answer, call: 1-800-328-5727 ride from floor to floor former Rep. Richard H. Ichord, D.- In Minnesota, call: 1-800-742-5685 quickly and comfortably. his report, 1977 It's UL approved, virtually Mo., wrote in "From C.O.M.B. Co. / Liquidators Dept. F-469 14605 28th Avenue N. / Minneapolis, MN 55441 maintenance-free, and to 1980 the delivery span for aircraft can be installed on almost Send the 4000 watt generator. (Indicate how many.) landing gears grew from 52 to 120 of No. 1 1 96 Manual start model at $488 each. any stairway, straight, . . for inte- of No. 1 198 Pushbutton elec. start at $588 ea. curved or even spirals. weeks . the delivery span (Minnesota residents add 6% sales tax.) For a colorful brochure grated circuits more than doubled, I will pay shipping charges to driver upon delivery. on Cheney Wecolators or Wheelchair Lifts'", the in- (Allow 4-5 weeks for delivery. Add 2-3 weeks extra, from 25 to 62 weeks." door/outdoor Handi Lift", and other quality Cheney if paid by personal check. Sorry, no C O D. orders.) products, contact your local Cheney Representative Harry L. Gray, chairman of United Acct. No . Exp.. or write: The Cheney Company, Dept LE . 3015 S Corp., has testified that, PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY Technologies 163rd Street, New Berlin, Wl 53151. (414) 782-1100. Name "In 1978, the normal lead time for one Call Toll Free 1-800-782-1222 Address , of our military jet engines was 19 City Helping people help themselves months. Today, the Air Force has to The CHENEY Company order that engine 41 months before delivery can be made." Sign here Gen. Alton Slay, then commander, Rural Route Customer: If truck carriers not nor- do ONLY mally deliver to your home, include a note with this Air Force Systems Command, said order stating address of nearest store, friend, or GERMAN s ^ truck terminal where we can ship to. W.W.II 50, that "after nearly 18 months under HELMET surge conditions we could only expect (ORIGlNALRepainted)?di * no additional F15s and F16s than al- C.O.M.B. Co. COLLECTORS! SEND FOR FREE CATALOG The Nation's LARGEST Liquidator W.W. II Medals, Civil War Hals. Flags, etc 100's ol items ready exist on the current contract The COLLECTOR'S ARMOURY, Inc., Dept. AL 14605 28th AVENUE NORTH delivery schedule." MINNEAPOLIS. MINNESOTA 55441 800 SLATERS LANE, P O BOX 1061, ALEXANDRIA. VIRGINIA 22313

38 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE

/ Don't Buy a

Gray also said, "The supplier net- Big work that forms the base of our coun- try's defense industry is shrinking at an alarming rate. Since 1967 the Tiller... number of companies involved in aero- space production has declined by more than 40 percent. In 1967 there were For A approximately 6,000 companies in the industry. Today there are only about 3,500." In that number there has been Small a turnover of some 1,500 in two years. Why have American manufacturers Job!

There are only two presses in the US capable of producing large forgings for aircraft landing gears, a distinct factor in the supply of planes such as the F-18 being

assembled at left. Landing gear lead times consequently have doubled. turned away from defense production? Many reasons have been given by these companies, congressmen and the we'll replace them). ALifetime Replace- agreement on the engine. And, best Defense Department. Buy a Mantis! ment of all, a 3- Week In-Your-Garden Trial (if • Defense production often requires If your garden is an acre or more you you don't like it, we'll take it back and give special facilities and equipment. Com- may want to buy a big tiller. If it's any you a full refund)! panies can ill afford to use their lim- less, you should buy a Mantis-20 (and ited capital funds for this new equip- hire somebody to plow or till your We have a 30'x 100' garden that is ment when contracts may be for short garden once a year). fenced to keep woodchucks out. We runs and often can be cut off by yearly Big tillers weigh almost 300 Ibs.The own a Troy-Bilt and had to take the congressional budget authorizations. Mantis weighsjust 20 lbs. (women and fence down each time we wanted to Thus, 60 percent of the metal-working older gardeners love it)! till. Not any more! With our Mantis, we in contracts is Simply turning a 300 lb. tiller in a equipment used defense get in and out easily. My wife and I backyard garden without running over more than 20 years old. both think it's a great little machine!" (or yourself) is a challenge. Mantis, • The pool of trained manpower is crops B.S.G. on the other hand, starts with a flick of shrinking. One report shows that the Gansevoort, NY 12831 the wrist . . . turns on a dime . . . and weeds average age of the small number of in and around plants, between narrow tool and die makers was 58 years. rows and along fence lines. Training is declining, and few are Most big tillers were designed to just entering this field. till (although many now offer clumsy • Federal regulations make defense "add-on" attachments to try to justify contracting unattractive, especially their high cost). The Mantis-20 was when profits are questionable and in- designed from the beginning to vestment requirements are large. precisely match asmall, powerful engine A small minority-owned subcontrac- to a variety of useful attachments for your yard and garden. Tiller. Cultivator. tor in California reported that the Furrower. Edger. Lawn Aerator. Lawn seemingly endless paperwork required De-Thatcher. HedgeTrimmer. for defense contracts eliminated any Mantis Manufacturing Co. Most big tillers cost an arm and a leg. chance for profit in this business. 1458 County Line Rd., Dept. 416 DespitethefactthattheMantis-20 is a Huntingdon Valley, PA 19006 Two other inhibitors to private sec- tough, durable, precision instrument. . . it Please send more information on the tor subcontracting are dependency on costs a fraction of what you'll pay for a Mantis-20TillerCultivator. . . andyour foreign sources and competition from big tiller. special FREE limited time offer! government or prime contractor 3-Week I n-Your-Garden Trial! facilities, usually subsidized by gov- Name _ capital funds. Finally, look at the warranty. Most ernment Address Between 70 and 80 percent of the machines are partially covered for90 City Continued days to a year. The Mantis has a Lifetime Warranty on the tines ( if they ever break, State .Zip

MAY 1984 '

Mobilization 6-Pocket Continued "Desert Fox"

SHORTS industrial fasteners — nuts, bolts and Rommel's Choice! And why not? screws — used in defense production They're beefy, gutsy and built to last, with 6 — count em SIX!!! are imported. Nearly 100 percent of giant pockets to handle anything solid-state devices essential for a guy can carry!______high-tech weapons systems come from deep > huge- low-cost producers in Japan, Taiwan, Tckets Korea and Singapore, according to a DoD spokesman. There are many other examples of foreign sourcing, ranging from the

Haband, the proposed main gun for the Ml tank to Mail Order people from Paterson, boots. These all save tax dollars and N.J. bring back for you at an promote foreign trade, but make it amazing 2 for $21.95 price. And these are the originals, not some very difficult for US producers to cheap imitations, tailored in compete adequately. true Military Weight Gabardine, Steel, and particularly specialty with hefty tunnel belt loops, back yoke k neat campagin cuffs. steels, are among the most critical we also call 'em the — items for defense and have been one of "Kitchen Sink" shorts the industries hardest-hit by imports. ^because they can In 1983, US raw steel capacity was 136 LOOK! carry everything million tons, down from 160 million in 2 more j BUT! 1977. Imports from subsidized foreign e-x-p-a-n-d-a-b-l-.e mills captured 24 percent of the US Pa -,r's cargo pock market. Last year, mills operated at an 6Pocket onW\ in back average of 55 percent of capacity. "Desert Fox" Imports of alloy tool steel, one of the defense-critical specialties, in- SHORTS creased from 25,000 tons in 1978 to 40,000 tons in 1982. Jobs in this pro- d HABAND duction dropped by 40 percent. Capac- 265 N. 9th Street ity was reduced by 10 percent, but Paterson, New Jersey 07530 only 23 percent of this lower capacity Please send shorts for which I enclose WAIST SIZES: 30 32 34 36-38-40-42-44 was used in 1982. Imports of these $ plus $1.50 for postage and handling. Add $1 50 a pair for sizes 46 48 50-52-54. specialty steels accounted for 83 per- Or charge it: Visa MasterCard HOW Color 00M SIZE cent of domestic shipments in 1982. Acct* Exp. Date: /. Khaki Tan A In Olive Green C recent years, the DoD has ex- Name 70N-00M Navy B panded its government-owned defense production facilities for such items as Street I Guaranfee: If on receipt I choose not to I wear them, I may return the slacks within ammunition and artillery, and pur- I 30 days for every penny I pairi von City/State Zip.. chased or financed equipment and facilities for prime and second-tier IMPORTED contractors. Many prime contractors LOCK BLADE have brought in-house production 'NOW! Get 9" Overall Langth facilities for parts formerly supplied 5" Whan Clotad $3.50 Ea. open in- stantly and by subcontractors. Real Old locks auto * Sharp and maticaily to These factors, while perhaps im- Tough prevent acci- dental closing proving war readiness for the near Buffalo • Stainlass Razor sharp Biade^ tough stainless Staal # term, have substantially discouraged Model steel blade tor re Nickels K-12-AL liable use and hard, private contractor investing and bid- long service. Sand S3. SO No! (of sale m areas plus 50c to cover pott- ding. They just can't compete. there prohibited by law age and handling ONLY One of the most serious concerns of WESTBURY SALES CO. both private and government defense

1 373 Maple Ave , Dept. L-5-AL. Westbury, N Y. 1590 25

40 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE ( 6 HAVE FUN

critical materials are located in two areas: Siberia and southern Africa. GETTING AROUND! These two areas contain 99 percent of the world's manganese, 97 percent of Let Electric Mobility give you INDEPENDENCE vanadium and 96 percent of chromium. Zaire and Zambia now provide 65 per- 3-Wheel to Independence of world's cent the cobalt. with the Rascal and Cyclechair. All these materials are essential to You can enjoy long, relaxing, comfortable rides every most or all of our major weapons sys-

day . . . and put new fun and freedom into your life. tems. In 1980 the US imported $25 Mail the coupon below or call today for immediate billion worth of these materials. information and you'll receive a free fascinating 1 While the US economy, including page full color catalog. defense production, is using $25 billion It introduces you to the exciting lightweight three- of these imported materials a year, the wheelers from Electric Mobility. It's a whole new Federal Emergency Management way to get around . . . visit friends . . . buy groceries Agency (FEMA) reported to Congress . . . a new way to travel. So versatile, that many doc- in 1983 that the value goal of the pres- tors prescribe them for their patients. ent strategic materials stockpile is You control variable speeds, stopping and $16.8 billion, to last us three years. forward /reverse, with just one hand! The present stockpile is valued at The catalog shows you how to operate a three- billion, of which billion is $11.1 $4.1 wheeler, easily and safely, on virtually any terrain. excess above goals. How you can shop, vacation and sightsee at your

There is only a $7 billion inventory leisure. It shows how quickly it packs into the trunk of critical materials, leaving $9.8 bil- or back seat of your car . . .you'll never want to take lion required to meet the $16.8 billion another trip without it. goal. Of 61 family groups and mate- When it comes to short trips around your neighbor- hood or town, why bother with the car at all? A CycleChair or Little Rascal takes you where you want to go, when you want to go, with no gas to pump, or oil to change. "The US is 100 Mail or call right now, for the complete story. percent dependent See how the powerful rear differential drive goes up steep inclines, across grass or on foreign sources gravel, even around the house on thick carpets, without bogging down. of four minerals." Discover how to get exercise and trans- portation too, on an Adult Trike fea- turing a lightweight aluminum frame. Pedalling is so easy, you'll think you're on rials needed, 37 are short of goals, and a lightweight bicycle. of these only 17 are over 50 percent Read about how you can electrify any bike or adult filled. allocated million Congress $120 pedal trike with a PEDALPOWER Electric Motor for stockpile purchases in 1984. For 20 System. years there were no purchases. Use the coupon below to receive your free 16 The Bureau of Mines and private page full color catalog, 10th Anniversary Free sources report that there are known Gift Offer, and information about possible and probable deposits of many, but not Medicare and insurance reimbursement all, of these critical materials in the when your three-wheeler is ordered with a United States, most in the 750 million LITE TRIKE doctor's prescription. acres of publicly owned land. Most of this land is completely closed to exploration or mining. 30 DAY TRIAL" MONEY BACK GUARANTEE Gen. Slay testified that there are 80 ~l Yes, I would like to receive the Free different laws, administered by 20 dif-

Send the coupon Electric Mobility Catalog . . . Please ferent federal agencies, directly or in- for your FREE include Medicare details and Special directly affecting non-fuel minerals 10th Anniversary Free Gift Offer, mining or production. Few mining Catalog and Special valued over $200. companies are willing or able to invest Offer, or call ELECTRIC MOBILITY CORP., Dept 923 the huge capital and five years neces- TOLL FREE... 591 Mantua Blvd., Sewell, NJ 08080 sary to open new and often low-grade NAME US deposits and face the unpredicta- 1-800- MOBILITY ble loads of government regulations, 1-800-662-4548 ADDRESS paper work and the unremitting op- CITY STATE ZIP Continued PHONE

MAY 1984 Now, Wear This Cap With The Gold Braid Mobilization & "Scrambled Eggs" of America's Military Continued Officers & Astronauts

Attractively crisp military styling. Only Features the traditional gold braid, embroidered pattern and button on position by environmentalists and your choice bright $299 of four colors: many of the media. red, white, blue, and black. Another factor adversely affecting Functional design with generous visor will protect your eyes and skin from both our ability to import and to sup- glare of sun. Air vents will ensure ply distant combat theaters is the de- your comfort. cline in the US flag merchant fleet. Perfect for men and women. According to the Shipbuilders Council Adjustable tab offers perfect fit, of America, there are only 819 mer- regardless of your size! chant ships of all classes in this fleet, You'll want to wear it on the golf course, beach, boat, ball field, garden, 266 of these government-owned. At

hiking trail . . . everywhere! the end of WWII there were 4,800. Now, US shipyards are building seven MONEY-BACK GUARANTEE merchant ships. In 1975 we built 96. on your full purchase price less These are the main problems impair- postage and handling. ing America's ability to sustain a con- ventional war, either localized or STERLING HOUSE, Sterling Building, Box CAP-8474, Gamerville, N.Y. 10923 global. There are others, perhaps basic. Yes! I've always wanted to own this cap! Please more serious and In Congress, Color Qty. Color Qty. rush the following: where the Armed Services Commit- Red Blue One for only $2.99 + 80t P&H. tees of the House and Senate are sup- White Black SAVE! Two for only $5.49 + $1.50 P&H. posed to have principal responsibility, SAVE MORE! Four for only $10. 4Q + $3.00 P&H. every other main committee has some Enclosed is $ New York State residents add sales tax say in defense policy and appropria- tion. All departments and agencies of Name Address the administration are also involved. City _ State Zip The administration and DoD have taken major steps to try to surmount these problems. President Reagan has established that our defense policy is Now. Save money to prepare for a global conventional war of indeterminate length, instead on instant support of the short-war policy based on the MAD doctrine. The President has es- for your legs! tablished the Emergency Mobilization Preparedness Board, a senior level organization designed to coordinate These fashion-right hose can put bounce in your step, as they put money in your pocket. mobilization plans and guidance.

Stock up now, and save. We cut out the middleman, and deal in EMPB has made progress. huge quantities. ..so we can pass the savings on to you. But what happens if tomorrow we These are top quality support hose, that gently support and are faced with the outbreak of con- massage your legs with each step you take. Helps you teel great all through your busiest days in luxurious comfort. So ventional war in Europe or some other good, they are guaranteed for five years. Order now and save. theater? There would be little or no FOR MEN AND WOMEN. ITEM 6402-606 warning. The probability of con- Sizes: Medium (Shoe sizes 6-10) Large (Shoe sizes 10-13) ventional attack outweighs that of Available in Black, Navy and Brown. starting nuclear war, especially out- side Europe. are not ready. 5 YEAR GUARANTEE! Reg .^3*tpr. NOW buy 4 pair We mili- If they prove unsatisfactory anytime in the That is the consensus of most next 5 years, we'll replace them with and you get 2 pr. FREE! a tary experts. We do not have the in- BRAND NEW pair. Cheerful refund of the purchase price, less postage and han- dustrial base ready to resupply con- 1 60 dling, within 30 days. Just return with ..that's 6 pair sales slip. sumables and attrition losses for exist- at less than $2 a pair ing forces, let alone the tremendous requirements for training, equipping Devfey, Inc. Dept 81802 of payment: SfS J. M. Check type and sustaining expanded forces. Many let^l 210 Hanse Ave., Freeport, N.Y. 11520-0800 PREPAID. I enclose check or money order believe we still do not have even Please rush item 6402-606 1 pr. tor S3 85 Order for total amount. adequate mobilization plans. 6 pr. for $15.40 (Save $7.70) Now! CO.D. I enclose $5 N Y n s deposit. What will correct this threat? Here, SAVE MORE! Less than $2.30 pair! S^f x Add T a CHARGE TO: Just fill 12 pr. for $27.50 (Save $18.70) in summary, are the requirements Pos t & Handling $2.50 Visa Shoe size Color stated by most authorities: in this Tota | MasterCard ^ Ms. Mrs. • Establish a clear and understand- coupon. Card No. Mr. (Print) able policy of mobilization readiness Charge Orders CALL 1-51 6-868-0800 Expires and make sure this is accepted by j^City State Zip

42 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • Define requirements in terms of strategy, not just for present force 200™ Anniversary structures but for sustained, expanded combat of indeterminate length. • Establish in the White House an authority to initiate action, not on American Eagle "D-Day" but now, and to direct and coordinate departments and agencies. Commemorative Folding Knife • Congress should establish a focal point for mobilization and defense, $1995 such as the former joint committee. only • There is a definite need for inter- service coordination of purchasing so that several different programs are nbt competing for the output of a single, often small, producer. • The defense contracting system needs drastic overhaul. Multi-year contracting is often blocked by chang- ing congressional actions. Where it has been tried, it has saved millions. • Taxing policies and other financial incentives, such as low interest de- fense production loans, have been used before and can be again to make pos- As part of an advertising collectors seek, prompt sible industry buildup of defense pro- duction capability. program commissioned by ordering is a must. To • Definite steps should be taken to American Eagle Knife Sales, qualify call Lee Collins toll reduce dependency on foreign sources and as a continuing celebra- free at 1-800-345-8500 Dept. for both manufactured products and tion of the American Eagle's AKS-10, and charge your critical raw materials. This may re- quire subsidies to assure production 200th Anniversary as our na- purchase to any major credit readiness, or stricter import controls. tional symbol, we will send to card, or send your name and • The strategic stockpile is in criti- each reader of this publica- address plus $19.95 for each cal need of attention. It certainly is tion who sees and responds to knife (limit 5) to American not in condition to maintain defense this Sales, production for long, certainly not for notice before midnight Eagle Knife Dept. three years, or to support the general June 30, 1984, a 200th AKS-10, 5933 Corvette St., economy during a national emergency. Anniversary American Eagle Commerce, CA 90040. Please • The hundreds of environmental Folding Pocket Knife. The add $1 each to cover postage and social regulations must be re- examined in terms of their impact on Eagle is plated with Solid Sil- and handling. There is no defense production. ver and layered with pure 24- further financial obligation. karat Gold. Each American We cannot guarantee any or- Eagle Commemorative Fold- ders postmarked after June ing Knife is individually num- 30, 1984. If not completely bered on the blade to indicate satisfied, you may return a collector's edition. Individ- your knife within 30 days ually numbered knives will for a prompt refund of the be released as orders are full purchase price (except received. Thus, to obtain postage and handling, of the lowest numbers many course). ©i984ibi

"I decided what to make for dinner tonight . . . reservations!"

MAY 1984 43 SPECIAL REPORT

Exclusive Patented* Bartlett Pipe. The first important breakthrough KGB vs. USA in smoking pleasure in over 100 years. A MAJOR Continued from page 21 PIPE SMOKING DISCOVERY

"The Coolest markably like the Boeing 747. Their new IL-76 transport closely resembles Most Flavorful Pipe the Lockheed C-141. Encouraged by the US government, •U S Patent V No. 4235252 T*, IVe Ever Smoked." US companies sold the Soviets technol- ogy and production equipment, includ- No Filters ... No Flavor Stealing Vent Holes. Just the pure, dry smoke. The rising smoke is then captured ing that for the $1.5 billion Kama River most incredibly pure and natural smoking beneath the airtight lid. .just where the Bartlett's truck factory, which produced mili- enjoyment imaginable. We guarantee it! revolutionary breather hole is situated. the Even the lightest puff is cool, clean and flavorful. Every pipe on the market is built wrong. That's why tary vehicles that carried Soviet invad- Nothing in the world tastes and smokes like the they all turn bitter That's why they form sludge and self- ers into remarkable new Bartlett. Afghanistan. The basic Soviet extinguish prematurely. The patented Bartlett has so many exclusive features, When pipe makers introduce ventholes and filters, Bloc computer, the Ryad, is a copy of we urge you to experience it for yourself Write for our they are actually admitting that their pipes create that NO-RISK FREE TRIAL AND FREE GIFT OFFER. the IBM 360 and 370 series. Additional- ugly, bitter taste

I guarantee you will experience the smoke of BARTLETT can't create bitterness. a lifetime. Because in a Bartlett there is no place for sludge to form! Like any natural flame, it burns from the bottom up. To "The basic Soviet fill your Bartlett, unscrew the airtight lid Pack the bowl

and replace the lid. Now, light your pipe from the bottom Recessed into the base of the bowl is a special, stainless Bloc computer, the

steel screen It permits the tobacco to burn naturally, but prevents the ash from escaping. The Bartlett Pipe Co. is copy of SMOKE RISES 1050 Main Street South, P.O. Box 849 Ryad, a Sparta, North Carolina 28675 Those other pipes force you to draw the smoke down, Please send me. at no charge, the details about your NO away from its oxygen supply because the breather hole the IBM 360." RISK TRIAL and descriptions of available Bartlett pipe is located near the base of the bowl That's why those styles other pipes go out. And that's also why the smoke is reheated and filled with sludge

freely it it is I In the Bartlett, the smoke curls As does, ly, the Russians and East Europeans cooled and filtered by the tobacco, naturally Only the into the than 3,000 full, rich tobacco taste and aroma are locked I I have legally bought more minicomputers and are using them for 1 I military purposes. From the West, the Russians in 1978 bought one of the world's largest float- DRIVE IN COOL COMFORT ON HOTTEST, MUGGIEST SUMMER DAYS! ing dry docks, which their existing shipyards could not build. Though they assured one and all that the dry dock 12 VOLT AUTO-FAN would service only merchant vessels, the first ships to be overhauled in it HAS INCREDIBLE COOLING POWER were destroyers. The dock can service several warships, including carriers, Saves money . . . Lets you drive without using simultaneously, and it has been made energy -wasting air conditioner part of the Soviet Pacific fleet. By ob- Plugs into any 12V cigarette lighter viating the necessity of long passages

to burn out . . . Ever No batteries back to shipyards for repairs, it enables Made of unbreakable plastic the Soviets to keep more ships on sta- 2" tion for longer periods. Installs anywhere in car with powerful technology, suction cup In stealing American operates from three major Ball swivel adjusts to any position the KGB sanctuaries within the United States. Has safety guard and off-on switch They are the Soviet Mission to the Perfect for cars, trucks, boats and campers United Nations in New York; the Soviet embassy five blocks from the 30 day MONEY BACK GUARANTEE. White House; and the Soviet consulate overlooking San Francisco Bay. The Automotive Technologies (Dept. AFA-104) American | KGB residencies at these three diplo- j^fc—>^ 365 North Route 9W, Congers, N Y. 10920 matic installations are redoubts . . . Please send me 12 volt AUTO FAN(s) @ $9 98 plus $1 35

postage and handling I must be completely satisfied or I may return and the top floor of each is packed with them within days for full refund (except postage and handling) 30 a electronic gear linked to forests of an- SPECIAL SAVINGS: Order 2 for $18.98 plus $2 25 pstg & hdlg (save $1 43) tennae on the roofs. EXTRA SAVINGS: Order 4 for $34 98 plus $3 50 pstg. & hdlg. With this equipment, the KGB daily (save $6 84) ONLY intercepts and records hundreds of (Enclosed is my check or money order for $ . $g98 (Sorry, no CO D 'S.) New York residents please add appropriate thousands of private American tele- sales tax phone conversations transmitted by CHARGE-IT VISA MASTERCARD EXP. DATE / Why suffer in your car or truck through another hot microwave. Today more than half of ICARD # summer? Just plug our 5" mini-fan into your cigarette all telephone calls made over any dis- |name lighter and you'll be comfort-cooled even in the worst tance go by microwave, and nobody summer traffic jams. Attractively styled, unbreakable unit (ADDRESS Continued really moves the air around . . so much so that you can ICITY actually measure the drop in temperature ,STATE_ _ZIP_ THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Here's how youcan soften theblow ofyour passing.

PLAN THE AMERICAN LEGION LBFI INSURANCE i l4l Approved Plan The ONLY Officially

Paytothe 0r der 0f MRS. u. S. LEGIONNAIRE XH500dolsOOCK

" R(),<; " TutHE national bank

The American Legion How is it possible? Here's all you do. Life Insurance Plan Mass buying power makes it so. Right now. Thousands of Legionnaires nation- provides comforting Complete your application on the wide and the simplicity of o ar next page. Mail it with check or protection only for decreasing term plan have kept money order for the correct pre- Legionnaire families. the premium rate the same since mium amount. We'll process your Since 1958, thousands of checks like its beginning in 1958. We've kept application right away. this one have been paid to Legion- the costs in line. No salesmen, Once you're accepted, your vital naire wives or other beneficiaries. agents, cash values, dividends or coverage can never be cancelled as While money alone cannot fill the fancy computerized billings. You long as you remain a member of the loss your loved ones will feel, it pay one annual premium for the American Legion and pay your an- can ensure that worry about money units you need and you're covered. nual premium. More. Benefits for won't add to their burden. Completely. In include As a Legionnaire, you can act now deaths occurring 1984 How do you qualify? to provide your family extra benefit a special 20% increase for all ages It's easy If you are a Legionnaire dollars when they're needed most. of insured Legionnaires. in good standing under the age of Can you do it? 70, able to meet the health require- Exclusions. Yes, indeed. ments of the plan's underwriter, you Just $24 per unit, per year (only 460 are eligible. See the chart on the fol- No benefit is payable for death as a per week, per unit) can provide up lowing page for really affordable result of war or act of war, if death to $12,000 in supplemental cover- supplemental protection. Especially occurs while serving, or within six age. Betteryet, buy ourfull 10 now. Think about the more than months after termination of service, units of coverage —up to $120,000 $48 million in benefits paid since in the military, naval or air force of any of benefits for only $240 per year. 1958 to Legionnaire families. country or combination of countries.

Turn page, fill out your application and mail today! —

THE ONLY AMERICAN LEGION Join the ONLY Officially Approved Plan. LIFE INSURANCE PLAN Get up to 10 Units. 20% Benefit Bonus.

APPLY TODAY Select the num- BENEFITS—-Annual Renewable Term Insurance (Policy Form 6PC-5700-781) ber of units from the chart at Benefits determined by age at death and include 20% SPECIAL INCREASE for deaths right, fill out the application be- occurring during 1984. Maximum coverage limited to 10 units. low and enclose your check or 10 Units 9 Units 8 Units 7 Units 6 Units 5 Units 4 Units 3 Units 2 Units 1 Unit money order for the prorated Age at Death $240 peryr. $21 6 peryr. $192 peryr. $168 peryr. $144 peryr. $120 peryr. $96 peryr. $72 peryr. $48 peryr. $24 peryr. premium indicated to provide Through age 29 $120,000 coverage for the rest of the cal- $108,000 $96,000 $84,000 $72,000 $60,000 $48,000 $36,000 $24,000 $12,000 30-34 endar year. 96.000 86,400 76,800 67,200 57,600 48,000 38,400 28.800 19,200 9,600 35-44 54,000 48,600 43,200 37,800 32,400 27,000 21,600 16,200 10,800 5,400 IF YOU LIVE IN FL, IL, NJ, NY, 45-54 26,400 23,760 21,120 18,480 15,840 13,200 10,560 7,920 5,280 2,640 NC, OH, PR, TX, or Wl send for 55-59 14,400 12,960 11,520 10,080 8,640 7,200 5,760 4,320 2,880 1,440 special application. Applications 60-64 9,600 8,640 7,680 6,720 5,760 4,800 3,840 2,880 1,920 960 and benefits vary slightly in 65-69 6,000 5,400 4,800 4,200 3,600 3,000 2,400 1,800 1,200 600 some areas. Make check or 70-74' 3,960 3,564 3,168 2,772 2,376 1,980 1,584 1,188 792 396 money order payable to: The 75*-0ver 3,000 2,700 2,400 2,100 1,800 1,500 1,200 900 600 300 Legion Life Insurance American Prorated Premiumf $140 $126 $112 $98 $84 $70 $56 $42 $28 $14 Plan. "No persons age 70 or over (including those desiring additional coverage) will be accepted for new insurance.

tPRORATED PREMIUM TO SEND WITH YOUR APPLICATION. The INCONTESTABILITY Your coverage shall be incontestable after it has

premiums shown above are for the balance of 1984 for approved been in force during your lifetime for two years from its effective date.

applications effective June 1 , 1984. Premiums for applications effec-

tive July 1 or later are proportionately less, by $2 PER UNIT PER MAIL TO: The American Legion Life Insurance Plan MONTH, and any overpayments will be refunded. Premiums accom- P.O. Box 5609 • Chicago, IL 60680 panying non-approved applications will be refunded in full.

EFFECTIVE DATE Your insurance effective the first becomes on day of Plan insured by Transamerica Occidental Life Insurance Company. the month coinciding with or next following the date your application is received, subject to Insurance Company's approval. Insurance Application Subject to Underwriter's Approval may be maintained in force by payment of premiums when due.

ENROLLMENT CARD FOR YEARLY RENEWABLE TERM NOTICE OF DISCLOSURE LIFE INSURANCE THE OF INFORMATION FOR MEMBERS OF AMERICAN LEGION

Information regarding your in- Full Birth Date surability will be treated as con- Name. Last Flrst Middle Mo. Day Year fidential except that Trans- america Occidental Life In- Permanent Residence. surance Co. may make a brief Street City State Zip report to the Medical Informa- tion Bureau (M.I.B.) a non-profit Name of Beneficiary. .Relationship. Example: Print "Helen Louise Jones." Not "Mrs. H. L. Jones" membership organization of life insurance companies which Membership Card No Year .Post No State- operates an information ex- of its change on behalf I apply for the number of units indicated: members. Upon request by another member insurance The following representations shall form a basis for the Insurance Company's approval or rejection of this Answer all questions. company to which you have ap- enrollment: plied for life or health insurance, 1. Present occupation? Are you now actively working? or to which a claim is submit- If , Yes No no, give reason , ted, the M.I.B. will supply such 2. Have you been confined in a hospital within the last year? No Yes If yes, give date, company with the information it length of stay and cause. may have in its files. 3. During the last five years, have you had heart disease, circulatory disease, kidney disease, liver disease, The Company may also release lung disease, diabetes, or cancer, or have you had or received treatment or medication for high blood information in its file to its rein-

pressure or alcoholism? Yes If yes, give details , , , , surers and to other life in- No surance companies to which you may apply for life or health t represent that to the best of my knowledge, all statements and answers recorded on this enrollment card are true

and complete. I agree that this enrollment card shall be a part of any insurance granted upon it under the policy. insurance, or to which a claim I authorize any physician or other person who has attended or examined me, or who may attend or examine me, to is submitted. disclose or to testify to any knowledge thus acquired. Upon receipt of a request from Signature of you, the M.I.B. will arrange dis- Dated , 19 Applicant offers this Occidental Life closure of any information it The American Legion Insurance through Transamerica Insurance Company, Home Office: Los Angeles, California may have in your file. Medical GMA-300 19 1?-7P (Univ.) 5584 information will only be dis- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AND AUTHORIZATION closed to your attending physi- cian. If you question the ac- I have received and read the Notice of Disclosure of Information at left. Further, I authorize any curacy of information in the physician, medical practitioner, hospital, clinic, or other medical or medically related facility, in- Bureau's file you may seek cor- surance company, the Medical Information Bureau or other organization, institution or person rection in accordance with the having any records or knowledge of me or of my health to give Transamerica Occidental Life In- procedures set forth in the Fed- surance Company any such information. eral Fair Credit Reporting Act. A photographic copy of this authorization shall be as valid as the original. The address of the Bureau's in- Signature Applicant. formation office is P.O. Box 105, Dated , 19 of

Essex Station, Boston, Mass. I apply for additional Legion Life Insurance. My present certificate number is_ 02112; Phone (617) 426-3660. . .

KGB vs. USA Continued Try this Carey pipe "FREE" for 30 days and we'll even ever knows just when a call may be automatically switched from land-line give you the to microwave. Tapes of conversations, tobacco FREE! intercepted at random, are fed to Pre-carbonized! computers programmed to select out No "Breaking In" calls made to designated numbers. Smokes like no pipe you've ever HOW THE "MAGIC INCH" COOLS, DRIES AND MELLOWS YOUR SMOKE This way, the KGB gathers masses of known! Be delighted or smash it with a hammer and the trial will cost you nothing. technological data, which are digested and analyzed at leisure by the Center It's a new concept in pipe smoking Top grade Mediter- — * in Moscow. ranean briar with patented innovation "Magic Inch'' — harnesses Nature's own laws to provide the sweetest, If the KGB is interested in an indi- smoothest, coolest, most satisfying smoke ol your life 1 Not a filter, or a trap No sludge, moisture or bitterness vidual American official or citizen, it Nothing but pure smoking satisfaction you've never Cool Air Condensation Evaporation into his known before frequently can peer or her Fresh air enters Condensation Moisture Whether you're a pipe smoker or merely wish to cut through vents, "squeezes "excess evaporates into personal life by keying the computer down on cigarettes, you re invited to take advantage of mixes with smoke moisture from outside air this unusual offer After 30 days, if you don't agree that is to his or her telephone. from bowl . smoke and You get a cool, no other pipe gives you the full rich aroma, deep down cooling and absorbed by dry smoke. The problem is particularly acute in smoking pleasure and peace of mind only a Carey pipe condensing it. the "Magic Inch" can give, smash it with a hammer The trial has cost vou California because the Soviet consulate, nothing Even the half-pound humidor of tobacco is yours to keep free purposely perched on one of the highest Send tor a free color brochure and select the style and DEPT. 2464X slopes in San Francisco, can focus in- shape pipe you want for your free 30 day trial Mail [eaCarey coupon today terceptors southward into "Silicon Val- 65 East SouthWater, Chicago, IL 60601

Yes! Send me your full color I ley," where many of the world's most brochure so can select a pipe to smoke for 30 days on a free trial basis advanced research centers are congre- FOR FAST INFORMATION Call 312/977-2880 Address

eaCarey INC. City State Zip- 65 East SouthWater, Chicago, IL 60601

My Telephone is ( )

SYN0METRICS...an Olympic Champion's Discovery! Lose Belly Fat Develop a Rock-Hard Lean Stomach IntroducingnIKE BERGER with the amazing Speed Shaper Synometrics Program Olympic Champion

Exclusive TENSION RING! Lets you adjust Tension Control 'Thats just a warden decoy to Speed Results! Great for Any Age! gated. The problem will worsen in Washington when the Soviets complete their new embassy, which the State 0~ Department agreed to let them build on Mount Alto, the highest point in the capital. From here the KGB will be able to intercept microwave communi- cations among many of the govern- ment's most vital installations in the Washington area. IN JUST 7 SHORT MINUTES A DAY with the "miracle- meaning that when you combine two methods the result is " we call SYNOMETRICS (scientific concept of ISO- greater than the both of them separately I now called my new In January 1983, there were 330 discovery SYNOMETRICS and developed a special exercise METRIC + ISOTONIC)... the fantastic new discovery

unit I call the SPEED SHAPER. Soviet nationals employed in the for speed shaping. ..to reveal a brand new rock-hard, IRON CLAD 14 DAY MONEY BACK GUARANTEE In |ust a few United Nations Secretariat, 310 mem- lean, trim handsome body! days you must actually begin to see measurable, real results In addition to reshaping and toning your body, a FREE bers of the Soviet diplomatic delega- . or your money back promptly and without any question. accompanying easy to follow diet plan will help speed up tion to the UN, and more Soviets weight loss, if weight loss is one of your obiectives, to speed WORLD PRODUCTS, Dept. SSR-118 working in New York under jour- away ugly, embarrassing fat & flab 1202 Brighton Road, Clifton, N.J. 07012 nalistic or commercial cover. Approx- IKE BERGER explains SYNOMETRICS "...the new EASY If the SPEED SHAPER plan can really start shaping me up in speed method for figure beauty What is SYNOMETRICS 7 just days, and I mean ALL OVER (legs, thighs, hips, waist). I imately 30 to 40 percent of them were You've probably heard about the Isotonic and Isometric princi- will keep it and use it otherwise, I will want a full refund KGB or GRU officers. Additionally, ple of body dynamics for years Each method has its own Rush SPEED SHAPER to me. there were hundreds of East Euro- believers and supporters. I used BOTH methods in my daily NAME training Finally. I developed a special exercise unit that em- ADDRESS pean and Cuban nationals employed by ployed BOTH methods AT THE SAME TIME in one device The

effect was simply amazing I was able to keep in trim, slim the UN in New York or assigned to it CITY .STATE. .ZIP,

shape in only a fraction of the time I previously needed' I enclose $9.95 (plus SI. 00 for postage & hdlg Continued ) The of I later scientific Science SYNOMETRICS learned the Save $1.00! Order 2 and send $18.90 (plus $1.00 P.&H ). reason for this amazing result It's called SYNERGISM— i NY & NJ residents add sales tax MAY 1984 47 6 .

KGB vs. USA Continued

Sharpen Saws.. as diplomats. A goodly number also were professional intelligence officers ... All Garden and shop tools available to execute clandestine tasks. KGB officers hired by the UN enjoy for and industry home unique operational liberties in the Get In On The Profits! United States. Whereas Soviet diplo- Yes there's plenty of business waiting To Get Started! mats may not travel beyond a 25-mile With SHARP-ALL It s Easy for the man who can professionally radius of New York without US per- sharpen saws and all types of edge- mission, UN employees are free to cutting tools. SHARP-AII does them all, and at big profit for you. No inventory is travel about the country as they involved ... no selling. You earn a please. The UN grants such liberal year-round Cash income and make 900 sick leave that a KGB officer may take profit out of every dollar you take in. customers back time after time. as much time off from work as he Work sparetime hours or fulltime right at brings With Sharp-All YOU franchise tees of any kind. wishes, home, and no experience is needed. There are NO you simply by presenting a state- ' work set the hours you want to ... Ire the boss ! YOU ment from a Soviet Mission physician pocket. Send TODAY for details of our put the profits In YOUR certifying illness. UN work rules are 30-Day FREE Trial Offer! so lax that KGB officers freely aban- ihe£MS_N0 JBUMTHW andJO SALESMAN don their jobs during work hours to FREE r BUSH deliver reports and receive instruc- "iTTTrm FOUEy BELSflUJ CO COUPON BOOKLET! \1:H^:llir/ 60346 FIELD BLDG. TODAY! tions at the Soviet residency. Since I your own , KANSAS CITY, MO. 64111 Send for BUSINiSS many KGB officers are unqualified for U c YES, please send me the FREE booklet "Lifetime your copy | Q _ Security' and full details on your 30-Day Free Trial today. No I Offer I understand there is No Obligation and that obligation. I No Salesman will call on me coupon has been removed, just send us a // NAME postcard with your name and address to— FObEy BEbSRUJ CO. ADDRESS

60346 FIELD BLDG. CITY/STATE ZIP KANSAS CITY, MO. 64111

£2% i<% PURITAN'S PRIDE NATURAL

the UN work they are supposed to be VITAMIN E SALEE • ite performing, their absence matters lit- tle; in any case, supervisors are reluc- TWO FULL MONTHS SUPPLY tant to discipline them because whenever a Russian employee is re- E-400 I.U. 60 CAPSULES buked, the Soviet mission bellige- rently protests. Each 100% pure, potent, factory tresh, To the continuing amusement of the Selatin capsule contains 400 I.U. of Natural itamin E d-alpha tocopheryl. Soviets, American taxpayers directly subsidize coperations mounted Absolutely Sugar, Starch and Salt Free. KGB out of the New York Residency. The One to a customer with coupon below. US pays one-fourth of the assessed PLUS receive FREE Vitamin Catalog with 99* budget of the UN and voluntarily do- over 260 natural vitamin and health products nates more to the many special UN and you will see how you can save over 100% Reg. S4.95 Value on all your vitamin purchases. PLUS receive agencies. (The Soviet Union pays 12 FREE a Vitamin and Mineral Chart. NOW SAVE $3.96 percent of the basic UN budget, con- tributes little or nothing to many of

IMMEDIATE SERVICE • ORDERS SHIPPED WITHIN 24 HOURS the special volunteer programs, often • RETURN POSTAGE GUARANTEED NO FACSIMILE OF THIS COUPON ACCEPTED ignores assessments, and currently is

Please send 60 Capsules, natural Vitamin E-400 I.U. Enclosed is 99c cash, check or nearly $200 million in arrears in pay- money order. Plus send free catalog and Vitamin and Mineral Chart. ments it is obligated to make.) Thus, PURITAN'S PRIDE, INC. DEPT AMI- at least one-fourth of the salaries of 1059 S. Federal Highway Deerlield Beach, Florida 33441 Communist spies on the UN payroll comes from the US Treasury. SHIP TO: The KGB has thoroughly infested the United Nations bureaucracy, infiltrat- ADDRESS ing many officers into positions of authority and influence. After Arkadi CITY. . STATE Shevchenko quit the lofty position of ©Puritan's Pride. Inc. 1980 PURITAN'S PRIDE RESERVES THE RIGHT TO UMIT QUANTITIES Undersecretary General of the UN and

48 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE . 8

"Because of My Feet I Just Couldn't Go On!" gained asylum in the United States in "Thanks to Feathersprings,® 1978, the Soviet Union demanded that I can continue making my another Russian replace him. His suc- living playing golf..." cessor was a KGB general. "My feet were so painful that I could barely walk 1 Fighting Back holes in any tournament. Then, I read about Feathersprings. Since I tried everything else, I There is much the United States thought I might as well give them a chance. Now that and other democratic nations can do to I wear Feathersprings, I'm back on the tour and my combat the KGB without infringing feet are absolutely pain-free! I'd recommend them to anybody." Jon Ebert (Touring Golf Pro) upon individual liberties. Naples, Florida First, the United States should 73% of all Americans ever 18 have foot problems. drastically reduce the KGB presence Anybody can develop foot problems ... no matter within its borders by mass expulsions. what your age or walk of life. A youngperson wit h foot It is preposterous to allow the Soviet pain shouldn't be surprised, because there are over Union to station hordes of KGB 300 types of perplexing problems your feet can officers in our midst; to allow them, develop. with the impunity bestowed by diplo- Natural support breaks down and problems begin. matic status, to wander through Con- Each of your feet gress, government offices and univer- is made up of 26 sities as Soviet lobbyists; to stroll bones, 56 liga- ENJOY and 38 BLESSED through laboratories, research centers ments RELIEF muscles, joined in FROM: US State Department such a way to okayed construction of ' provide springy Corns. Soviet Union foundation for the whole body. Foot problems begin Calluses new Bunions. embassy on Mount and multiply as soon as something happens to To© CI destroy natures built-in support mechanism. Alto, the highest point Feathersprings replace nature's support system. in the District of It's true! Feathersprings actually restore the Columbia. From here, balanced, elastic support nature intended your feet KGB antennas will be to have. That's why Feathersprings have already able to eavesdrop on brought instant, lasting relief to over 3,000,000 US government people of all ages, with all types of painful foot communications problems. Feathersprings will relieve your foot pain. We're and factories as thieves of technology; so certain Feathersprings Flexible Foot Supports to sneak out from their sanctuaries in will relieve your pain that if they don't, we'll refund the night to meet their spies; to daily your money in full with no questions asked. intercept the telephone conversations Don't needlessly suffer pain and discomfort for of hundreds of thousands of Americans. another day. Although most people think that foot The Soviet consulate in San Fran- pain is normal, the fact is that it's not. And you don't

have live with it . Write for our FREE Fact Report. pains cisco, a nest of spies and little else, to Leg There's absolutely no obligation and no salesperson cramps should be closed forthwith and its Leg will call. Just fill out and mail the coupon entire staff sent home. Additionally, below. the United States should reassert sov- What people say in unsolicited ereignty and inform the United Na- testimonials, about Feathersprings: tions that it may no longer employ "... 7 have thoroughly enjoyed "Actual photos of customers legions of Soviet Bloc spies on Ameri- the comfort Feathersprings have who sent us these letters can territory. provided me. You would not be- lieve the difference they have 1984 Featherspring International Corp. By reducing the number of Soviet made my feet feel-before I had 712 N. 34th Street, such pain when walking because Seattle, Washington 98103 intelligence personnel from hundreds 1 have severe callus' on both of to relatively few, the United States my feet." M.W.R./Richmond, VA r FEATHERSPRING would force the KGB to rely primarily INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION "I am probably one of your i 712 N. 34th Street, Dept. AL054 upon illegals and officers bereft of dip- worst customers as far as Seattle, Washington 98103 being difficult because of my lomatic immunity. Such operatives are i YES! I want to learn more about Flexible various peculiarities, but I Featherspring Supports. Please send me far more restricted in movement and am more than pleased and i your free brochure. I will watch for the for the first time in my life I access than are "diplomats," and they LARGE PINK ENVELOPE. I understand feel like really walking. I am is no obligation and that no are further inhibited awareness that there by wearing my Feathersprings salesman will call. that if caught they will be imprisoned, and they are everything you said they were!" to rather than merely put on a plane E.G.W./Lookout Mountain, TN * Moscow. And with far fewer threats to Print Name "Received my wife 's Feathersprings two aays ago. They are results. has watch, US counterintelligence could super . . . neither of us can believe the She had i terrible feet for years; already no pain. Incidentally, hersore Address

. . this result concentrate much more effectively knee is much better , As a retired physician, is amazing," —Dr. C.O.C./Tbcson, AZ i City upon those remaining. Continued "/ want to thank you for refunding to me the full amount i State Zip I ordered. I admire your company for this with no of what When in Seattle visit the Featherspring Foot Support Clinic strings or red tape." —G.K.M./Warwick, RI MAY 1984 .

REGISTERED U. S. PATENT OFFICE Trie knife lor GUARANTEED hunting fish- ing and an vs. Mir- KGB around USA Results! use 120 Years of Proven 10 YEARS! ror polished, im- ported stainless steel Continued blade honed to a razor s »dge Rugged Opens with i of finger Locks into po- Biade will not close when Press burton in handle to close Safety finger guard Sure-grip handle Balanced for target throw- IF BROKEN WITHIN 10 YEARS, WE RELIEF WILL REPLACE AT NO CHARGE! Use 30 INSTANT day*. Money back if not pleased Regular price $3 75 SAVE! SPECIAL SALE ONLY $1.98. Add 99< Next, the United States, in concert FROM AGONY OF Dostage. handling Remit total $2 95 ORDER NOW Midwest Knite Co Dept. B-8857, 90-13 S Western Ave with its allies, should revise prohibi- Chicago. Ill 60620 Founded 1936 MAIL ORDERS ONLY Sturdy leather belt case available - SI. 25 each. BONUS! 2 knives for S4.98 postpaid. Excellent value. tions against export of advanced WITCHING! technology and should stringently HAIR'S HOW enforce them. Most American corpo- HAIRCUTTING for HEMORRHOIDS me wnoie family saves you rations do not wish to sell the Soviets money I have created a unique device that allows you lo cut hair, trtm beards, in sections, naturally anything the government does not PSORIASIS - ECZEMA to exact lengths li s done via rods when attached to scissors (Stain- want sold. The few violators who seek For blessed temporary relief that can give you a new lease less Steel-ICE-lialy) Simple Fasl Economical short-term profit for themselves at the Rods give you n different lengihs on life just rub ADAM'S TARLEINE Ointment over Vz" tO 5V;" national expense should be swiftly affected areas! Scissors. Rods, and Instructions may be ordered by sending a prosecuted and severely punished. RELIEVES THROUGH HEALING! S20 00 Chech or money order to Students. Do It Yourselfers. GAUGE-O-MATIC, P.O. Box 60 United States intelligence and se- "I was troubled with a bad leg sore for many years and at Professionals. Teaching Aid Parkville Station. Bklyn . N.Y 11204 No Guesswork, Eliminates Fear curity services, particularly the Cen- times was unable to walk. After trying many prescriptions Money Back Guarantee and medicines a friend recommended TARLEINE, which tral Intelligence Agency and Federal

healed the leg in a very short time and I have never been Bureau of Investigation, must be re- bothered since" JS, San Bernardino, Calil invigorated. In poll after poll of public

found that it is everything you "I have used TARLEINE and opinion, the American people have as-

I thankful to claim it to be. It has cured my piles and am so $10,000 serted their will and readiness to remedy".. ..W.J.P., Indianapolis, you for putting out such a CASH maintain forces sufficiently 800-435-5119 armed Ind. TOLL FREE PAID powerful to defend the nation against Send check or money order today for only $24.00 postpaid lapaiit-M- Militan Decorations & (.crnian WWII Keliis (especial!) daggers! *lsn Wauled any combination of enemies. for supply of two. Not available in stores. 30 DAY MONEY David E J Pepin— Member nbthk, Tokyo, Japan GUARANTEE. ...You have nothing to lose but pain 1 But the mightiest military forces BACK Dept. AM.P O Box 354, Grant Park, il 60940 ever amassed, the most devastating CHARLES L.ADAMS MEDICINE CO. REWARD FOR SMOKERS weapons ever devised, are of little N.Y. 13209 Box Dept. AL-17, Solvay, in P.O. 118, You've been picked on long enough. Now you can smoke peace avail in the kind of warfare the KGB wholesale and save YES you can buy your cigarettes below brands, tast wages. The Americans best equipped prices That's right, ONLY $6.99 per carton, all major order 10 cartons. delivery personal checks welcome, minimum to combat the KGB on the "invisible Please add $3.50 to your order for postage and handling. to front" are a few thousand men and A RARE SEND your order TODAY Smoke and Save, women in the CIA and FBI. Both

Isleta, NM 87022 still from OLD COIN P.O. Box 313 Dept. 4A agencies, however, suffer ravages visited upon them in the TWO-CENT PIECE PERSONAL 1970s. Yet, money invested in the CIA MINTED c,,*l0G and FBI will buy more security for the SURVIVAL US than any comparable investment. "Sm $9.00 Survlvil books - Soil dtltnto books Knives - Silent srms - Exotic wsspons To the extent that Soviet subter- Add SO 1 postage IMMEDIATE SHIPMENT. -FREE survlvil tips: Stnd 11.00 to fuges are exposed, their continuation Allow time ior delivery. Money-back guarantee. SURVIVAL SYSTEMS becomes more difficult, and their ef- COIN SHOP DEPT. A BOX 30309, DEPT. AL-5 VILLAGE PHOENIX, AZ 85046 fects are lessened. Therefore, Con- PLAISTOW, N.H. 03865 gress should establish in the form of a joint bipartisan committee a mecha- AUTHORS WANTED BY nism to annually brief the American BANDSAW MILL people about developments in the on- The W00D-MI26R is a one man NEW YORK PUBLISHER portable sawmill with a huge going underground war against them. 30" dia X 16' long cutting capacity Leading subsidy book publisher seeks manuscripts This sale, easy-to-operaie mill cuts The committee could then release the wilh an efficient traveling bandsaw of all types: fiction, non-fiction, poetry, scholarly carriage Why wasle lumber and money by cutting with and juvenile works, etc. New authors welcomed. reports under its bipartisan im- lid lashioned circular 40-page brochure L-106 nil! when the WOOD- Send for free, illustrated primatur. The fact that such a sum- MIZER can give you 10001 30% more usable Vantage Press, 516 W. 34 St., New York, N.Y. mary is mandated by law and issued

jlf the fuel and ;e power? This annually under bipartisan congres- ccurate cutting HAVE AN IDEA? sional authority, no matter what, WOOD-MIZER, Dpi F2 U/e submit ideas, inventions, 4004 W 10th St.. would strip it of any political stigma. Indtanapolls, IN 46222 new products to industry. (317) 243-7565 And it would forewarn the Soviets Call Toll Free 1-800-528-6050 Ext 831 Arizona 1-800-352-0458 that their clandestine depredations

THE ORIGINAL O O invention Or Write: Kit: LEG I may entail unfavorable public conse- Smithfieid St. marketing 701 quences in America. incorporated Pittsburgh, PA 15222 States hence- "i * Finally, the United ASBMENV IMI 1 982 m4 forth must disregard the double stan- jf^orceiain (genuine dard the Soviet Union has succeeded FLUSHES UP TO MARTINS FLAGS to an astonishing degree in persuading SEWER OR SEPTIC TANK the world to accept. Under this stan- in*-**" consider themselves -No Digging Up Floors- ;anizations- dard, the Soviets IS*** fai INSTALLS EASY. ANYWHERE! towns-schoois at liberty to steal, lie, cheat, subvert, Ask for our Prompt shipment. intrude into the affairs of nations, fo- Write McPHERSON, Inc., Dept. AL colorful WHOLESALE Catalog for 1984 terrorism, incite and support Box 15133 Tampa, Florida 33684 MARTIN'S FLAG CO., FORT DODGE. IOWA 50501 ment

50 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE . A

At Last! You Can Wear All Your Favorite Shoes In Complete Comfort! Easy-to- wars throughout the world. All such twist metal actions, by Soviet definition, are in Shoemaker's handle gives furtherance of "peace." you just the But the world does not have to obey amount stretch Soviet rules and definitions. Re- Adjustable of peatedly, the Soviet Union has de- you need! clared that in relations with the West, it is committed, as Andropov put it, to Yet it costs only a "bitter and stubborn struggle on all Shoe fronts — economic, political and ideo- logical." If so, then the West must transform the Soviet Union itself into a battleground of ideas. Stretcher The West should flood the Soviet Union with books by great Russian • Will save you • Will save your authors who bear persuasive witness to shoemaker's feet from Soviet realities and articulate the costs for primordial longing of the people for painful corns restoration of the .greatness of Russian stretching. and bunions. culture. As factually and objectively as • Will save human competence allows, it should the *\ broadcast day and night to the Soviet you f people news of events in their country. expense of The self-published writings and appeals throwing 2 extra I of intellectuals Soviet and artists should out and "spot" I be circulated and broadcast back into stretchers , replacing the Soviet Union so that their authors plug will know they are not alone. expensive right in The Soviet oligarchy fears nothing shoes. ,j to prevent so much as the subversive effects of corns the ideas of truth and freedom. and bunions.

COMRADES IN DISTRESS

Readers who can help these veterans are urged to GIVES YOU CUSTOMIZED do so. Usually an eyewitness statement is needed in support of a VA claim. S-T-R-E-T-C-H Notices are run only at the request of American Legion Service Officers representing claimants, using EXACTLY WHERE YOU WANT IT! Search for Witness Forms available only from State Legion Service Officers. Please contact CID #, The American Legion Magazine, P.O. Box 1055, 700 N. fit as inexpensive high-quality Pennsylvania St., Indianapolis, IN 46206. Now, your shoes can though hardwood

custom made . . . thanks to this stretcher will save those shoes for you USS Whitfield, LST 1169. Robert W. Carney needs wit- professional-quality Shoe Stretcher! and your family ... or your full nesses to verify a claim that while stationed in Viet- You can stretch and purchase price, less postage and nam in August 1966, he suffered a back injury. Con- tact CID 929. re-shape all your shoes handling, will be promptly refunded. "E" Co., 35th Inf. Robert G. Kooker needs witnesses to and boots to eliminate Comes in sizes for men and women. verify a claim that while stationed at Rhine River, painful pinching, One stretcher works on right and left Germany in 1944, he suffered injury to his back, pressure head and stomach after being hit by enemy fire and cramping and shoes. Order today. knocked off a tank in France. Contact CID 930 on corns or bunions! All orders processed promptly. USS Augusta. Leonard J. Sobczak is seeking wit- If you're like most people, you prob- Credit card orders processed nesses to verify a claim that while stationed in Al- ably have shoes that felt great in the giers, North Africa in 1944, he suffered hearing loss immediately upon credit approval. and concussion during enemy action aboard- ship store . . . but hurt like the dickens Delays notified promptly. Shipment and was hospitalized. Contact CID 931 now! They cost you so much, you hate guaranteed within 60 days. 958th Ordnance, Korea. Raymond N. Miller needs wit- to throw them away. Don't! This nesses to verify a claim that while stationed in Korea in 1954, he injured his back when he lifted a jeep transmission off another serviceman. Contact CID 932 STERLING HOUSE, Sterling Bldg., Box SST-8530, Garnerville, N.Y. 10923 "B" Co., 75th Inf. James Henry Taylor needs witnesses Please send the following quantities of Adjustable Stretchers: to verify a claim that while stationed at Ft. Carson, YES! me Shoemaker's Shoe to to 1 1 CO, in 1972, he suffered back injury resulting from a Women's 5B 8A Women's 8B parachute jump. Contact CID 933 Men's 7D to 11A Men's 1 IB to 14B for handling. only p&.h. USS Stansbury. James Kapanicas needs witnesses to One only $6.88 + $1.35 postage and SAVE! Two for $9.88 + $2.50 Three for only $15.00 + $3.50 p&h. NYS residents add sales tax. verify a claim that while aboard ship in 1942, he suf- SAVE MORE! fered a sprained back when preventing a depth Enclosed is $ . charge from going overboard. Contact CID 934 CHARGE IT: O VISA MasterCard Expires . LCI (G) 397. Lawrence O. Wiseman needs witnesses to verify a claim that while stationed at Sorlen Island, Card # . Ulithi Atoll & Palau Island from 1943-46, he may have suffered hearing damage while serving as gunner Name _ aboard ship. Contact CID 935 Address

City __ . State .Zip. MAY 1984 .

THE LEGION SHOPPER

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52 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE -

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MAY 1984 53 am%?ca!' SMART CARS Remember, in the 1950s, Throw away your keys and don't you of upcoming turns and inter- look for door handles. You open the changes. Two computer-equipped ve- when every US auto car of the future by pressing a laser hicles linked by a citizens band radio manufacturer regularly key similar to an electronic garage can even keep track of each other. door opener. Another of but- available rolled out its gleaming push the The computer has to you ton and the engine roars into action. information about such things as fuel version ol the "Car of You also can use the laser key to consumption, estimated time of arri- Tomorrow"? The raise the entire vehicle six inches for val, hotel reservations and appoint- microcomputer has enabled easier entry and exit. It also auto- ments waiting at your destination. The matically adjusts the seat, floor ped- screen displays symbols for these and carmakers to design models als, steering column and radio to your other kinds of information and you that put the "gee-whiz" personal settings. Can't find your car may summon forth specific data simply cars of the '50s to shame. in a huge shopping center parking lot? by touching the screen in the appro- Another priate spot. Some of them are here now button on the device honks your horn and flashes your headlights. In addition to making driving more — and more are on the way. Afraid you'll misplace the laser de- fun and more convenient, computers vice? Doors on other smart cars can be also make it safer. A sonar system By Gary Turbak opened only by punching in your per- scans the road ahead and behind your sonal five-digit code. Another code car, warning of obstacles — from I f you think the computer invasion starts the engine. trucks to tricycles — in your path. A I will be complete when every home And this vehicle talks back to I has a microcomputer, guess again. you — politely, of course. A synthe- Electronic brains have just begun sized computer voice — in your choice to take over a whole new segment of of English, Spanish or French — keeps American life — driving. you informed of unlatched doors, high Computer features have been creep- engine temperature, low fuel supply ing onto the automotive scene for a and other relevant conditions. few years, but the trickle is soon to Route planning is another service become a flood. Gadgets once found your computerized car performs with only in cars driven by James Bond will ease. You enter into the computer's become as commonplace as two-speed memory a programmed map of the city windshield wipers and FM stereo. or area you plan to travel. The compu- While the most remarkable comput- ter displays the map on a screen er devices for cars have not yet ap- mounted below the dashboard and peared on assembly line models, they indicates your present position with a exist and function on working pro- dot. By bouncing signals off orbiting totypes and it won't be long before a navigational satellites, the computer fully computerized car may be parked tracks your movements precisely. The in your driveway. Computers promise dot on the screen moves across the to usher in the biggest change in motor- map as the vehicle moves. ing since the adoption of windows took If you program the computer with the wind and rain out of driving. the route you wish to take, it informs

Gary Turbak is a veteran of Air Force service in Vietnam and an award- winning free-lance writer.

54 ARE COMING! graphic display on the instrument When bright lights strike it, the mir- stealing your smart car, relax. Com- panel indicates the distance to that ror moves to its night position. When puter engineers have thought of that 18-wheeler in front of you. It also cal- the source of light disappears, the too. Using infrared light and ul- culates the safe distance, taking into mirror returns to the day position. trasonic sound beams, an anti-theft account your speed and the road con- A traction monitor notes the road system stands guard over your auto- ditions. A glance at the display when surface (gravel, pavement, dirt, etc.) mobile. An attempted break-in trig- parallel parking tells how close you are and assesses the roadway for slippery, gers flashing lights and a screaming si- to the parked car behind you. wet or icy conditions. If you're moving ren. If that doesn't scare off the thief, Headlights on your car of tomorrow too fast, you are warned. the starter and powertrain are dis- look more like a row of smiling teeth Under the hood, computers work abled instantly. than two luminous eyes. As you turn a hard to make driving efficient and The age of automotive computer corner, the computer instructs the trouble-free. Electronic brains for electronics definitely has arrived. lights to shine in the direction of your several years have monitored engine While the computer car isn't likely to turn. As your wheels straighten again, conditions and adjusted such things as give you the sex appeal of James the focus of the headlights returns to fuel mixture and ignition. Bond, it is certain to make driving the center of the road. Computers on tomorrow's cars will safer and more fun. When raindrops begin to splash monitor conditions affecting engine against your windshield, special sen- performance, including air and coolant sors detect the moisture and instruct temperatures, throttle and crankshaft the computer to turn on the wipers. positions, atmospheric pressure, man- The harder it rains, the faster the ifold vacuum, engine speed, vehicle wipers go. speed and the exhaust. A battery-operated sensor inside If engine components malfunction each wheel monitors tire pressure and, even slightly during driving, the com- when pressure falls, a courteous voice puter notes the trouble and stores the tells you of the problem. information in its memory. Later, a As you apply pressure to the mechanic can tap the computer's brakes, the computer measures your memory and correct the problem. deceleration and adjusts the flashing of Backyard mechanics may be a thing your brake lights accordingly. The of the past when these cars rule the faster you stop, the faster the lights road. As automobiles become increas- flash, warning the driver behind you. ingly complicated, possible home re- The rear view mirror is electroni- pairs become fewer. The time may ar- cally controlled and sensitive to light. rive when the engine compartment is sealed at the factory, to be opened only at an authorized service center. If you're worried about someone

Self-adjusting seats (left, top) and a steering wheel that revolves around a stationary post holding sev- eral controls (above) are features of the new "smart cars," as typified by Buick's "Questor" electronic concept car (left).

mm

55 PARTING SHOTS

ORBEN'S WORLD

I'm not the sentimental type. For in- stance, we have three kids — a boy, a girl and a spare.

Service station washrooms are where

it takes you 15 minutes just to clean the soap.

There's a psychologically right time to give up golf. It's when your putt goes farther than your drive.

When there's something to be done, Is there anything more defeating,

Than to think the battle's won . . . Just by calling another meeting?

Cat Tale On Its Own

The cat rips up the easy chair Ever feel that your money is function- And leaves its claw marks here and ing independently? there. —Gil Stern It does its work with great dispatch, Though mostly starting out from scratch. What Makes It Rain? — G. Sterling Leiby Rain is caused by high pressure areas, cold fronts, warm moist air and the first day of your vacation. Concentration — George E. Bergman True concentration is the art of doing your child's homework while he's watching TV. Balancing Act — Martha J. Beckman Alexander Hamilton started the US Treasury with nothing. That was the closest the country has ever been to Economic Headache breaking even. If a nickel knew what it was worth to- —Milton Segal day, it would feel like two cents. —Henry E. Leabo Paint Job Kids add color to our lives, Definition With apple cheeks so fair. Retirement is that ideal stage of life Tax collector: a person who has what it They tint our lives with rainbows, when the only thing yon have to take a takes to take what you have. But leave gray in our hair. stand on is the bathroom scale. —Lucille Goodyear —A. H. Berzen © 1984 Robert Orben

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