The American Legion [Volume 134, No. 4 (April 1993)]

Home , 489th Bomb Group, Greenland Patrol, HD 22663, USS Amphion (AR-13), USS Anzio (CVE-57), USS Atlanta (CL-104)

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IS THIS OPERATION REALLY NECESSARY?

Here's whatyou should know about the 10 most over-prescribed surgeries. By Steve Salerno 14

FROM ARMY COOK TO HAMBURGER KING

Wendy's restaurant owner Dave Thomas reveals his recipefor success. 18

DEMOCRACY IN NICARAGUA: STILL IN TROUBLE

Now out ofthe headlines, this Central American country quietly struggles to stayfree. By ElliottAbrams 20

HOW WARS ARE WON

Just like World War E, the GulfWarproved that aggressive offense—not containment-

brings victory. By Harry G. SummersJr. 22

THE POLITICS OF HATE

Spurred by antijoreigner sentiment, fascism and Nazism are back andgaining new followers in Europe. By Steve Vogel 24

THEY AREN'T JUST RAP CENTERS ANYMORE

Today's Vet Centers are treating the emotional wounds ofwar. By Ken Scharnberg 28

D E PARTMENTS

BIG ISSUES Should Cotigress ease the product4iability law? 10

VETVOICE 4 VETERANS UPDATE 32 PARTING SHOTS 60

COMMANDER'S MESSA GE 8 LEGION NEWS 36 r

WASHINGTON WATCH 12 VETS 38

COVER While some do iors blame excessive surgeries for skyrocketing medical costs, others defend the current practices. Read about the debate on Page 14. Photo by Kim Steele/Image Bank.

The American Legion magazine, a leader among national general-interest publications, is published

monthly by The American Legion for its 3.1 million members. These military-service veterans, working through more than 15,000 community-level posts, dedicate themselves to God and country and traditional American values; strong national security; adeguate and compassionate care for veterans, their widows and orphans; community service; and the wholesome development of our nation's youths.

APRIL 1993 1 .

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ship. Ask your doctor about a National Commander treatment method that doesn't Roger A. Munson involve surgery - or drugs. Publisher/Editor-in-Chief Daniel S.Wheeler Non- surgical ErecAid® System Editor has been used successfully by John Greenwald Managing Editor over 100,000 couples. ErecAid Miles Z. Epstein offers a simple treatment - one Associate Editor Raymond H. Mahon is that completely non-invasive. Assistant Editors

For most, it's the only treat- T. Douglas Donaldson Ken Scharnberg ment they'll ever need. Art Director Studies show ErecAid System Simon Smith Art Assistant to be 90% successful in treating Caron M. Morales nearly any type of impotence - Production Manager William L. Poff regardless of cause. But nothing Administration happens until you act. Find out Joan L. Berzins, Patricia Marschand

more about ErecAid System Advertising Director Donald B. Thomson by calling Advertising Assistant Diane Andretti 1-800-435-6780. The American Legion Magazine P.O. Box 7068 Indianapolis, IN 46207 317-635-8411 Publisher's Representatives MAKE THE CALL Fox Associates, Inc. Chicago: 312-644-3888 ' New York: 212-725-2106 1 Los Angeles: 213-487-5630 I Detroit, Ml: 313-543-0068 Atlanta: 404-252-0968 San Francisco: 41 5-989-5804

The American Legion Magazine Commission Milford A. Forrester, Chairman, Greenville, SC; George G. Sinopoli, Vice Chairman, Fresno, CA; James R. Kelley, National Commander's Representative, Wayne, PA; James D. Baker, Tulsa, OK; George F. Ballard, Belleville, IL; J. Leslie Brown Jr., Louisville, KY; Joseph Chase, Hatboro, PA; Donald Conn, South Bend, IN; James W. Conway, Charlestown, MA; Orval E. Faubus, Conway, AR; James H. Hall, Hopewell, NJ; Halbert G. Horton, Topeka, KS; W.B. (Brad) Jorgens, Beardsly, MN; Eugene J. Kelley, Savannah, GA; James V. Kissner, Palatine, IL; Russell H. Laird, Des Moines, IA; J. Fred Mitchell, Brewton, AL; Eddie D. Mohler, Lancaster, OH; J.H. Morris, Baton Rouge, LA; Everett G. Shepard, III, Woodstock, CT; Robert E. Vass Sr., Huntington, WV; Paul T. Woodard, Lacey, WA; John W.J. Richter, Consul- tant, Brenham, TX; Neal L. Thomas Jr., Consultant, Colorado Springs, CO.

The American Legion (ISSN 0886-1234) is published monthly by The American Legion, 5561 W. 74th Street, Indianapolis, IN 46268. Second-class postage paid at Indianapolis, IN 46204 and additional mailing offices. Price: Annual subscription, $12 ($18, Foreign); post- sponsored gift subscriptions, $4; Single copy, $2. POST- ErecAid" Systems MASTER: Send address changes to The American Legion, Input Services, P.O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206.

WxS^^^^^K9i' ?*V , .; rC 1 ...... n n ... . , By Prescription Only Change of Address: Notify The American Legion, Input Services, P.O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206. 31 7-328-461 6. Attach old address label, provide old and new addresses and current membership card number.

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Gays In The Military fusion and fears I felt that day can never this very much and may even react with Lifting the ban on homosexuals in be erased. The reason gays have not violence. How will the media report the U.S. military will utterly destroy been a problem is because they have al- this? Gay bashing! The heterosexual morale, discipline and combat effec- ways been banned, forcing them to stay will automatically be guilty. tiveness ("Legion Supports DoD Ho- in the closet. There is obviously a new condition mosexual Ban," Legion News, January). Jim Weaver that so far has been ignored — hetero- Gay "rights" activists intend to use our Master Sergeant, phobia. It's an unreasonable fear of any- Armed Forces to implement drastic so- U.S. Army (Ret.) one who does not believe in the perver- cial changes that will ultimately destroy Neptune, N.J. sions practiced by homosexuals. the very fabric of the country we love. E.J. Paul

' William Weise How can you expect a recruit to Bellmore, NX Brigadier General, bond with, or honor, perverts? What is allow U.S. Marine Corps (Ret.) mother going to her young boy What about AIDS? In close quarters to enlist in a service will Alexandria, Va. where her son on board ships, tanks or in barracks, an be forced to live with and possibly em- explosion can contaminate hundreds of

It was not homosexuals who sired ulate a moral degenerate? How do you service people with AIDS-infected and abandoned innocent children all respect a sergeant who's sodomizing blood. over the world. These children were left the corporal? MiloW. Plank Jr. unclaimed, unwanted, ridiculed, ig- Paul F. Kelley Boise, Idaho. nored and still seeking their fathers. Westbowugh, Mass. Are these the morals some are worried Who will pay for AIDS cases in the homosexuals might taint? There is no place for nonconformists military, and will AIDS be classified as Ruth Clancy in the service. Homosexuals are differ- a service -connected ailment?

Cedar Bluff, Ala. ent and want to be treated differently Richard G. \bss They are temperamentally and emo- Chicago Who caused the Navy's Tailhook tionally unsuited for a life in the mili- scandal? Not homosexuals. tary. During World War II, I noticed guys

Charles R. Nelson H. Weston Tomlinson looking me over while I was in the Wichita, Kan. Media, Pa. shower. Believe me, that is not comfortable. I cannot forget entering the Army as If homosexuals are allowed to parade Albin E. Zwiazek a rural 19-year-old who had little their chosen lifestyle, there will be con- Oifton, N.J. knowledge of gays and finding myself frontations. Sooner or later the homo- accosted in the rifle-range target pits sexuals will try their luck with hetero- Many veterans have bathed in the during basic training. The alarm, con- sexuals. The normal person may resent same showers, slept in the same fox holes, prayed in the same churches, and WE WANT YOUR OPINIONS Please turn page Corrections You can call The American publication. Short letters are more • Charles Pesso, Chairman of The Legion magazine at: likely to be published, and all letters American Legion Legislative Commis- are subject to editing for clarity and sion, was misquoted in the article, 474-7474 (314) brevity. Volume precludes individual "Law Sets Minimum DIC Payments," and record your opinions, vote on acknowledgments of comments on (Veterans Update, January). The quote current issues, and listen to opinions editorial content. should have read: "The Legion supports of others. A magazine editor will This month's questions are: the base monthly rate increase to $750, • listen to your message. Callers' Should Congress ease the prod- as well as the additional compensation opinions are considered for publica- uct liability law? (See Page 10.) to those survivors of veterans who were • continue tion and receive a D symbol when Should Nicaragua to totally disabled for at least eight years published. receive U.S. aid? (See Page 20.) prior to death. Both of them were nec- previ- Or you can write to: Here's how you voted in a essary changes, and they were the fun- ous poll: Legion damental elements of our organization's The American magazine • Should Congress approve the position on DIC reform." P.O. Box 1055 North American Free Trade Agree- Indianapolis, IN 46206 ment? • The toll-free phone number for the The American Legion magazine Yes 17% No 83% U.S. Navy Home was listed incorrectly welcomes letters to the editor con- in February's Veterans Update ("Retire- cerning articles that appear in the (314) 474-7474 ment Homes"). The number is (800) 332-3527.

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died on the same battlefields as homo- No similarity exists between the in- Our constitutional arrangement of sexuals. There are millions of homosex- tegration of minorities and banning ho- church- state separation has given our uals who have served honorably and mosexuals. Racial identity is based on country more religious freedom and in- professionally without incident. color; homosexuality is based on de- terfaith harmony than any society has Chuck Schoen viant sexual behavior. ever known. Nice, Calif. Serving in our Armed Forces is not Edd Doerr a right. And the military is not a Executive Director democracy. Americans for Religious Liberty Assuming that homosexuals are un- Don P. Bailey Silver Spring, Md. able to conform to military discipline Omaha, Neb. and maintain good order is preposter- I believe we should have voluntary ous and unfounded. Homophobic views Would not a gay company comman- prayer in public schools. This would will only breed more ignorance. der, whose sexual preference is males, help set a moral tone, which is sadly Tyler D. Harrington look upon his company in much the missing in our public schools. Buffalo, N.Y. same way a straight commander would Bill Bingham look upon a company of Playboy bun- Erie, Kan. In the military, our blood supply is nies? ourselves. How would you like to sur- Lee Christakis "Voluntary" prayers are never quite vive a combat injury only to find out Crown Point, kid. that. There is a certain amount of stig- the blood donor was gay and has ma attached to students who do not AIDS? I am 15 years old. My father served choose to participate in such prayers. In Jon Keen in Vietnam and receives The Ameri- our melting pot democracy, this is un- Sgt. 1st Class, can Legion magazine. I flipped called for in public schools. We are U.S. Army Reser\'e through the January issue, and I was taught by scriptures that God knows Kearney, Neb. upset by the letters about the gay ban. I our thoughts and we are free to pray at was confused and angry. Doesn't every- any time, any place, without forcing a

I don't give a damn about someone one have the right to fight for our coun- generic prayer on our school children. else's sexual preference so long as they try? I thought that in America we were ft Hugh Dundas Jr. leave me alone. free. Does a person's sexual preference Royal Oak, Mich.

Henry Koellein Jr. determine their patriotism? Severna Park, Md. Many men gave their lives in battle

for this country. I don't see where sexu- Linkletter Praised

Because the military does not permit al preference has anything to do with it. Bravo Art! male and female members to share the It has to do with love and loyalty. I salute Art Linkletter as being a same barracks, then the military will Megan Morrell great American and humanitarian who have no choice but to set aside separate Turner, Maine has given of himself these many years billets for homosexuals. Same-sex mar- in the fight against drugs ('Art Linklet- riages with full benefits could be next. ter's Art of Living," February). Why Clyde B. Colley Church Vs. State don't we do as he says and lower the de- Chief Master Sergeant, Since the Supreme Court voted in mand for drugs? Enough young lives in US. Air Force (Ret.) 1947 to outlaw prayer in public schools, America have been destroyed. Linden, Calif. we have experienced a steady, nation- Lawrence Pellegrino wide, pollution of morals ("Prayer in Hamilton, N.J. Why not have the people who are in School: An Intolerant Supreme Court," the military now vote on it? December). Our nation was founded on The interview with Art Linkletter Jack Higgins freedom of religion, with no interven- was great. Like dandelion seeds in a Columbus, Ohio tion from government. Those judges breeze, we all need to help scatter his simply voiced their personal opinions. message worldwide. Some claim homosexuals in the ser- Alex Partock James A. Robb vice will harm morale; that they won't Long Beach, Calif. Savoy, III. make good leaders; they will destroy discipline; and that there will be un- In 1947, the Supreme Court agreed wanted physical contact between gays that the First Amendment erected, in Collider Hits Wall and straights. These were the very Thomas Jefferson's words, "a wall of The superconducting super collider same arguments the military used to separation between church and state." project might sound good and well, but keep blacks in segregated units. Since then, most courts have con- it's just another fad ("Should Congress Richard A. Flagg curred. We are a nation of many reli- kill the superconducting super collider Lieutenant Colonel, gious traditions. If government is not project?" Big Issues, January). We're

U.S. Air Force (Ret.) strictly neutral, which religion will it broke. Our national economy is in Aurora, Colo. prefer over others? Please turn to page 48

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LEAD, FOLLOW OR GET OUT OF THE WAY

HILE THE United technological superiority on the battle- States is committed field. Today, we must press Congress to to downsizing its fund the RAH-66 Comanche heli- Armed Forces, poli- copter, 12 carrier battle groups, a Navy cy-makers continue stealth aircraft, additional SSN-21 Sea- to seek new ways to wolf submarines, the V-22 Osprey air- use the military and craft, the F-22 fighter, a minimum of more places to send 20 B-2 bombers, 120 C-17 aircraft and

it. continued supplies of the Advanced We of The American Legion, the na- Medium Range Air-to-Air Missile tion's largest veterans' organization, (AMRAAM). must help guide defense policy in the As long as the former Soviet re- uncertain days that lie ahead. We must publics maintain a nuclear arsenal, ours confront defense cuts that could endan- must be formidable, too. While main- ger the lives of our military personnel. taining our current inventory of Peace- Says a recent report of the Associa- keeper missiles, we must continue to tion of the United States Army upgrade Minuteman Ills. (AUSA): "If we continue recklessly • Preserve U.S. defense industries. down the road to disarmament and de- Despite the temptation to shift weapons mobilization —a road we've traveled production overseas where costs are before—we will assuredly see Ameri- National Cmdr. Roger A. Munson cheaper, America must keep defense can soldiers pay the price of unpre- technology and manufacturing facilities paredness with their lives, just as they Forces proposed for 1995 will require in the United States. In time of war, we have done in the past." support troops to preserve America's must not be dependent on foreign Congress and the Clinton adminis- national security. countries for spare parts. tration have three options: Lead, follow According to Jane's Defence Weekly, • Prioritize POWs. As noted in the or get out of the way. the 320,000-strong U.S. Army Reserve March issue, America needs to make There is no room for compromise on and the 34 1,000- strong Army National protecting POWs a priority in the plan- national defense, though. And The Guard will be cut to a combined ning of future wars. Having faith in this American Legion is prepared to lead. strength of 567,000 by the end of fiscal nation's resolve to bring all of our war- We must encourage Congress and the year 1995. riors home after a war is essential for President to implement the following The Guard and Reserve represented every man and woman who is sent to recommendations: 20 percent of our deployed forces in war. • Slow down defense cuts. America the Gulf War. We must keep the Guard We must hold every adversary ac- has fought five major wars in this cen- and Reserve in the defense mix and countable to the Geneva Conventions tury. Only in the Gulf War were we ful- maintain this link between America's and make this clear at the outset of any ly prepared to fight. "In the entire his- citizen-soldiers and national defense. military deployment. tory of the United States, we have never • Develop SDL We need to accept • No gays in the military. The issue gone from a wartime footing to a the fact that nuclear weapons are here of gays in the military was one of the peacetime Army in a sensible manner," to stay, and more nations are going to President's first moves into defense pol- says the AUSA report. acquire them. It is imperative that we icy. And he made a mistake in chal- We are cutting our forces too quick- go ahead with the Strategic Defense lenging the wisdom of the Joint Chiefs ly. Considering Bosnia, Iraq, North Ko- Initiative (SDI) and other space-based of Staff who consider homosexuality to rea, and Iran —which recently started anti-missile defense systems. be incompatible with military service. acquiring Soviet weapons—any vision We must pursue SDI technology and • Never enter into a conflict we do of world peace is an illusion. realize that defeating a missile with an- not intend to win. The lessons of Ko- • Maintain strong Guard and Re- other missile is a long shot. Knocking rea and Vietnam, compared to the Gulf serve. As the Pentagon scales down our out an incoming missile with an effec- War, teach us that. active duty forces, the Reserve and the tive laser is the safety net of the future. These are real national security is- National Guard become more impor- • Modernize conventional and nu- sues that demand attention. Let's see tant. The 1.6 million-strong Armed clear weapons. America must maintain that they get it.

8 THE AMERICAN LEGION .

Prayer to the Great Spirit

Individually numbered by hand with 24 karat gold.

The American Indian Heritage A Limited Edition Collector Plate.

Foundation Museum proudly presents its Hand-Numbered and Bordered in 24 Karat Gold. first-ever collector plate by world-renowned The Franklin Mint Please mail by April 30, 1993. Franklin Center, PA 19091-0001 Western artist Paul Calle. Please enter my order for Prayer to the Great Sp irit by Paul Calle. I need SEND NO MONEY NOW. I will be billed $29.50* when my plate is shipped. is a ritual as old as the land itself. The Sioux warrior, in perfect harmony It Limit: one plate per collector. *Plus my state sales tax with the forces of nature, summons the Great Spirit to look with favor on and $2.95for shipping and handling.

the people—to provide for, and protect them.

L ORDERS ARE SUBJECT TO ACCEPTANCE Only an artist of rare talent and vision could capture the mystery and

MR/MRS/MISS . drama of this centuries-old ceremony. Paul Calle, whose works are eagerly PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY

pursued by knowledgeable collectors of Western art, is such an artist. ADDRESS

"Prayer to the Great Spirit" is crafted in fine porcelain, then hand- CITY/STATE/ZIP numbered and bordered in 24 karat gold. This imported Limited Edition

Priced at just $29.50, it will be closedforever after just 45 firing days. Return Assurance Policy. If you wish to any Franklin Mint purchase, you may do so within 30 days of your receipt of that purchase for replacement, credit or refund. Available exclusively (torn The Franklin Mint, Franklin Center, PA 19091-0001. Big issues

SHOULD CONGRESS EASE THE PRODUCT LIABILITY LAW?

Rep. J. Roy Rowland (D-Georgia) Sen. Richard C. Shelby (D-Alabama)

Over the years, there have There is a movement afoot been many product-liabil- to reform the way in which ity bills, and some of YES NO manufacturers are held re- them clearly would have gone too far in sponsible for defective merchandise. It's restricting the rights of consumers to get called product-liability reform and in its their day in court. present incarnation it threatens the

I introduced H.R. 3030 in the 102nd rights of individuals and states, and fa-

Congress because I wanted to address vors the rights of product manufacturers the problems and make the system fair and sellers, for everyone—consumers and businesses alike. For 10 years, Last Congress, efforts to pass the Product Liability Fair- many of us seeing a need for reform in the product-liability ness Act were thwarted. I opposed the bill because I believe area of tort law have accepted the approach advocated by the that it trampled on the rights of states to regulate the rights, American Bar Association. This means leaving reform to the responsibilities, health and safety of their citizens. states. It has not worked and we are left with a smorgasbord Over the past 150 years, the states have developed effec- of state laws. Under these conditions, it is impossible for tive product-liability laws that balance the interests of manu- companies to produce goods with any certainty or efficiency facturers and users of products, and place the cost of injury when faced with 50 sets of state laws. on the party in the best position to prevent injuries or bear

The bill I introduced was put together after several months compensation costs. of work. It would correct the most onerous abuses in the sys- On the other hand, Congress has had little experience tem, and yet preserve the right of an injured person to sue with the complexities of product-liability law on a case-by- and recover damages. Where many previous bills over- case basis. Federal product-liability provisions would require reached, my legislation seeks a balance that would assure that federal law be amended constantly to handle unforeseen fairness for people who are injured and for those who make product-liability problems. the products. In contrast, the states examine product-liability questions For example, under most state laws, the 2-year statute of on a case-by-case basis, thereby allowing careful experimen- limitations on filing a claim begins at the point of injury. Un- tation and adjustment. As a result, the liability rules reflect der my bill, the two-year time limit would not begin until the economic and scientific changes in product manufacturing, injured persons know they are injured and know the cause. as well as the needs of each state's citizens. In addition, the bill increases the burden of proof on the The stated purpose of such proposed legislation is to bring plaintiff's lawyers by making them prove that the defendant uniformity and predictability to the state product-liability has shown "conscious, flagrant indifference to public safety." system. However, in the years of hearings on this bill and its The concerns of groups opposing the legislation about predecessors, law professors and jurists have consistently product-liability reform on the federal level, principally the and repeatedly concluded that the legislation will not, and Association of Trial Lawyers of America and some consumer cannot, achieve this purpose. In fact, according to legal organizations, are understandable. As they review various scholars and judges, confusion and protracted litigation are proposals, I hope they will come to understand that their in- the probable results of federalizing tort litigation. terests are not threatened. Finally, federal product-liability laws would act as an over- Certainly, consumers do not want to pay the higher costs lay on the existing state and territorial court systems. With that result from rules that reward people who misuse products each state interpreting the rules differently, even the unifor- or use them when they are intoxicated. And they do not want mity that has been achieved to date in product-liability to lose the jobs and income that result from a weakening of statutes will be destroyed. our national competitiveness. With passage of a product-lia- Our current system of product-liability tort law has satis- bility reform bill in the factorily served our needs 103rd Congress, we have a for over 200 years and WHAT DO YOU THINK? CALL (314) 474-7474 chance to make historic should be allowed to con- progress in addressing You can vote yes or no on this issue, receive a tally that tinue to offer protection to includes your vote, record your opinions, and hear opinions the problems in our pre- citizens who have been of others. sent tort system. wronged.

10 THE AMERICAN LEGION .

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Military Gays known U.S. interagency group, the In the continuing battle between Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS), to develop a President Clinton and military and vet- policy on foreign acquisition of the U.S. erans groups over lifting the ban on ho- defense industry. mosexuality in the military, political monitors foreign observers expect the morale and readi- The CFIUS competition and takeovers, but reportedly ness arguments to give way to the never blocked a sale for national securi- health issue. ty reasons during the Reagan and Bush The explosive new book, Exclusion: administrations. Homosexuals and the Right to Serve, is scheduled for publication in May by Regnery Gateway. Washington Watch Al Gore Vs. The CIA was given an advance look at the book, CIA backers expect a battle with which deals, with the health ramifica- Vice President Al Gore over proposals tions of repelling the ban. to have the intelligence agency take a The author, Melissa Wells-Petry, a more direct role in gathering environ- major in the Army's Judge Advocate mental intelligence. As a Senator, Gore General Corps, cites evidence that the won limited CIA cooperation in mak- incidence of sexually transmitted dis- ing available agency satellite photos to eases including AIDS is many — — help experts understand global warm- times higher among homosexuals than ing. As Vice President, he is expected heterosexuals and therefore poses un- r to demand even more cooperation. necessary health risks to military per- But intelligence experts say the CIA sonnel. Apparently, this is the thinking ATCH will resist, citing the possibility of bud- behind one Pentagon proposal to keep get cuts and the need to concentrate on open homosexuals in non-combat units By CliffKincaid getting real secrets and information away from the battlefield, if they're that can't be gathered by any other eventually allowed in. agency. Other supporters of the gay ban report was marred by the revelation that including a new, private Defense Readi- Henry Kissinger's lawyer was allowed ness Council led by former Joint Chiefs to review and alter an early draft. Gun Debate Heats Up Chairman Adm. Thomas Moorer—are Clinton is said to feel no pressure to The next phase of the gun control improve relations with Vietnam while likely to concentrate their lobbying ef- debate is expected to deal with banning questions about forts on members of Congress with there are unanswered guns in public housing units. The Na- military service. Fifty-eight members missing Americans. Some activists tional Rifle Association (NRA) has of the Senate and 161 members of the want Clinton to appoint Ross Perot to legally challenged such a ban by the House are veterans. head another commission to resolve the Portland, Maine, Housing Authority. On the other side of the debate, the issue. But other cities are looking at pass- American Civil Liberties Union is ex- ing similar restrictions as a way to oust pected to continue its pro-gay educa- Veto-Proof Industries gun-toting drug dealers from public tional and lobbying effort, funded in It's being called the "little secret" housing projects. The NRA says the part by recording industry billionaire that threatens America's defense indus- bans prevent law-abiding citizens from David Geffen, who has publicly ac- trial base. By producing key military defending themselves. knowledged his homosexuality. components for the United States, the Japanese, in effect, have "veto power" Clinton and POWs over U.S. foreign and security policies. Russian Bailout? President Clinton is being flooded Defense Secretary Les Aspin is being A confrontation between the United with letters asking him to keep his urged to take strong action to reverse States and Russia is looming over non- word that there will be no diplomatic U.S. dependency. payment of loans and a perceived anti- recognition of Hanoi and no lifting of The key problem area is identified U.S. tilt in Russian foreign policy. the trade embargo until there is the by the Center for Security Policy as the Russian President Boris Yeltsin in- fullest possible accounting of the ceramic packages connecting computer sists on rescheduling his $80 billion POW/MIA issue. chips that go into modern weapons sys- foreign debt and says new loans are The Senate Select Committee on tems such as the M-l battle tank, the necessary to solidify his position. But POW/MIA Affairs spent more than a AEGIS cruiser, Trident submarine, and congressional skeptics say the key shots year on the issue, ambiguously con- F-14, F-16, F-18 and F-22 fighter air- in Russia are already being called by cluding that some Americans may have craft. The Pentagon depends on Japan nationalists and military hard-liners been left behind after Vietnam. Its final for more than 95 percent of its ceramic who dominate the Russian parliament. These forces are expected to expand One possible solution is direct gov- their ties to the Serbian nationalists as- Washington-based Qiff Kincaid writes ernment subsidies to what's left of the saulting Bosnia and establish closer for Human Events and other publica- U.S. ceramic packaging industrial base. economic and military relations with tions. In a related matter, look for the little- Iraq and Iran.

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S THIS OPERATION REALLY NECESSARY?

The need for By Steve Salerno getting a fix on the AMERICA'S true benefits of surgery is clear. First, many surgeries become operating room |n F THE ONLY tool you mainstays without really being exam- BH have is a hammer, every- TEN MOST ined for efficacy. H mm thing starts to look like a Second, medical researchers long H nail." This old medical have wondered why Americans are HB quip points out a tendency OVER- twice as likely as their British counter- mm mm among some surgeons to parts to undergo surgery of all types. - I HH look for and usually Could it be sheer coincidence that there H^H find - a surgical "solu- PRESCRIBED are almost twice as many surgeons per mmMmm tion" to every medical capita in the United States as there are problem. in Great Britain? And while medical loyalists dismiss SURGERIES Some answers are plain enough. At the line as a snide swipe at their profes- many hospitals, the bulk of revenues sion, mounting evidence from are derived from surgery. Dr. all sources suggests that an Julian Whitaker, publisher of alarming percentage of surgery Wellness Today and a recog- nowadays is performed when nized authority on medical alternative treatments - or no wastefulness, cites cases in treatment at all - would serve which facilities have actually just as well. instituted "frequent scalpel" in- Much of the evidence is be- centives. They dangle such re- ing generated by a new medical wards as fax machines and oth- field called outcomes research. er goodies in front of doctors By studying large bodies of da- who schedule significant ta, researchers now are learn- amounts of surgery. ing which surgeries result in Another plausable reason for meaningful, long-term benefits overindulging in surgery might to the patient. be termed preventive medicine. Of equal importance, the Physicians quite naturally want work is being done by scien- to protect themselves against tists without a vested interest in 3 charges of malpractice. In cases the results. Surprisingly, this L where a firm diagnosis can't be often is not the case with other reached, doctors are inclined to medical research. For example, theorize that if an organ isn't - the FDA approves many drugs there, it can't cause problems based largely on information legal or otherwise. provided by pharmaceutical At its worst, this logic results companies. in the elimination of healthy

organs. Once it was common to A frequent contributor to this remove both breasts of a magazine, Steve Salerno wrote woman who had cancer in only "Will Trains Ever Fly?" in the one breast, the assumption be- HEART EVIDENCE New studies show which surg- ing that eventually the other November 1992 issue. He often eries may not work. Many coronary bypasses are covers medical issues and their "unnecessary or ineffective, " a RAND study says. breast also would become dis- financial ramifications. eased. However, there was no

14 THE AMERICAN LEGION

— —

This article contains general medical information. Although the information

is believed to be accurate, you should consult your physician for medical advice concerning your par- ticular condition. - The Editors.

stitutes of Health, the American Cancer Society and the on-going Framingham Heart Study. Special attention was paid to survival rates and quality of life after surgery.

From these analyses, it is not diffi- cult to find at least 10 accepted surgical procedures that have become suspect. Experts are quick to point out, however, that this does not mean they should never be performed again. There are situa- tions when they are the best choice. Only now, doctors and patients know there is a choice. CAUSE OR CURE? An angiogram, which involves threading a catheter through Following are 10 of the most ques- the heart, may damage tissue or cause where none existed before. tionable surgical procedures: • Hysterectomy. The surgical removal of a woman's uterus - and often hard evidence for this be- Data used for this arti- her ovaries as well - is the hands-down lief. cle came from a compre- first-place "winner." Almost everyone Such unfounded surgery hensive survey of the most outside the obstetrics/gynecology fra- would be bad enough if it recent outcomes research. ternity agrees that too many hysterec- merely bloated the health- Sources included the Har- tomies are performed; the only argu-

care system with billions vard University Medical ment is over how many is too many. of dollars in unnecessary School, the World Health U.S. health-care activists maintain costs. But all invasive pro- NECESSARY? Organization, Johns Hop- that a third of all hysterectomies are cedures - those which re- kins University School of done for insufficient cause. In one quire entry into the body Medicine, the National In- Please turn to page 44 - carry some personal

risks as well. Indeed, there is a slight, but nonetheless real chance of dying, even during the anesthesia stage of the operation. And surgeries that are unlikely to result in death may still cause disability or enduring pain. According to one recent study, while medical advance- ments have extended the American lifespan well into the 70s, most of us can expect to live the last dozen of those years bothered by a chronic con-

dition that is a direct result of treatment for some prior illness. One group of 500 elderly survivors of colon-rectal cancer surgery was

asked by researchers, "If you had it to do over again, would you still choose surgery?" Fully 45 percent of the re- spondents said no - even knowing that such a decision almost surely would have shortened their lives. This is typical of many surgeries that SPARING KNIFE AND PATIENT Dr. John Wennberg of the Dartmouth School of have fallen from grace as more evi- Medicine says there is no evidence that patients live longer or better after certain dence becomes available through out- prostate surgeries. He recommends proven drugs or laser therapies. comes research.

16 THE AMERICAN LEGION DOCTORS DEFEND SURGERY PRACTICES

T SHOULD come as no surprise that findings such as those reported here are disputed by DR. MICHAEL DeBAKEY—"A good surgeon takes the actions many leading surgeons. he deems necessary... and usually we do reasonably well," Among them is the Texas Heart In- says the famed heart surgeon. stitute's Dr. Michael DeBakey, ar- guably America's best known heart surgeon. DeBakey pioneered and developed the medical methods which cant blockage of his coronary arter- surgical procedures. Outcomes re- made open heart surgery possible, ies. Such a patient is at death's door, search is just beginning to help doc- and has been an adviser to almost and extreme circumstances call for tors understand the effectiveness of every President over the past 50 years. extreme measures. surgery and other medical therapies. In 1990, he received the American In the same way, a woman with Medical science is slowly but surely Legion Distinguished Service Medal. documented evidence of cervical can- awakening to a philosophy in which "A good surgeon takes the actions cer is a fitting candidate for a hys- surgery is viewed as the course of last he deems necessary in the interest of terectomy. For that matter, one could resort - and the more conservative the having the most favorable outcome for argue that there is no operation from surgery, the better. Among the signs his patient," DeBakey told The of change: American Legion magazine in a tele- • The pendulum is swinging back phone interview. Knowing when toward vaginal deliveries, even in cas- "Medicine is not yet an exact sci- to use surgery es where a woman has had a previous ence. We do the best we can with the Cesarean. information we have - and usually we may be the most • Lumpectomies are replacing do reasonably well," DeBakey says. mastectomies as the most common skill DeBakey also feels it's unfair to crucial means of attacking breast cancer, ac- saddle all surgeons with mortality for any doctor. cording to the American Cancer So- rates that, in some instances, may be ciety. skewed by the incompetence of a rel- • Instead of prostate surgery for ative few. For example, he maintains benign prostate hypertrophy, Dart- that in the case of a heart bypass per- which some select group of patients mouth School of Medicine outcomes formed by an accomplished surgical wouldn't benefit. researcher Dr. John Wennberg advo-

team, the "mortality risk is 1 percent But that, say the experts, is the cates a strategy of "watchful waiting," or under." most serious problem with the 10 pro- combined with proven drug or laser DeBakey and his surgical peers cedures cited here. For too long now, therapies. worry that people might draw the they have been performed almost in- • Cancer specialists have become mistaken inference that the proce- discriminately - in cases where risks increasingly forthright in dealing with dures discussed here have no place far outweigh benefits - to deal with a patients whose prognoses are not fa- whatsoever in modern medicine. cornucopia of illnesses for which they vorable.

To be sure, bypass surgery is indi- have never been proved effective. "At one time it was common to cated for someone who arrives at the The daunting task facing modern withhold the truth from patients and emergency room in the midst of a medical science is knowing when is keep performing different surgeries full-blown heart attack due to signifi- the best time to use these or any other Please turn to page 44

APRIL 1993 17 INTERVIEW DAVE THOMAS From Army Cook To

The homespun founder of Wendy's restaurants and star of his own TV commercials believes America is, indeed, the land of opportunity. He should know.

LEO DUROCHER told number of the Family Support Network, (800) 433-3318, was us nice guys finish last, displayed on many of the readerboards. but ask Dave Thomas In recognition of Thomas' efforts, Post 411 of Dublin, about that and he'll Ohio, awarded him a life membership. "I'm big on America give "Leo, the Lip" the and on the Legion," he says. "The American Legion is a raspberry. You've seen place that brings people together and reminds everybody how Thomas - he's the folksy so many before us have died to protect the freedoms we en- star of Wendy's TV com- joy today." mercials. But he's no ac- In this interview with The American Legion magazine, tor. Dave Thomas, the Thomas reminds us that there are more opportunities in one-time Army mess America than anywhere else in the world. sergeant, is the founder and now senior chairman American Legion Magazine: America-bashing has of Wendy's, the 4,000- become a popular pastime of late. Is our country that far outlet fast food chain. off course? Thomas' life story is straight out of the Horatio Dave Thomas: No way. There are so many right things Alger textbook. He was about America. There's no other country in the world where born out of wedlock at a kid like me would have the opportunity I did. If I'd been the height of the Depres- born in Germany or England, I'd have been lucky if I man-

sion. His adoptive mother died when he was 5 and his adop- aged to become a grillman. Here, I had every opportunity to

tive father remarried, divorced and remarried again, all the make whatever I could of myself. time changing jobs and hometowns. Sure, there are problems here, but this remains a great By the time Thomas was 12, he was working virtually full country to live in. You don't see Americans fighting to get time. His autobiography, Dave's Way, tells of the early hard- out of here. You do see immigrants from all over the world ships, his road to personal success and offers his observa- fighting to get in. tions on the greatness and failings of the United States. All the proceeds of his book go to support adoption programs Q. Still, you say the country has problems. For instance? throughout the country. A The big problem is that everybody wants to blame Thomas mixed his recipe for old-fashioned hamburgers . somebody else, and we're all waiting for Congress to with some old-fashioned neighborly help when he cooked up fix things. But Congress can't. How do we get things fixed a campaign to praise our nation's veterans and help families and running right? It will happen when each neighborhood of troops in the Middle East. pitches in and does its share to get things on track. Make On Veterans Day 1990, Wendy's restaurant readerboards good things happen right where you are now, and that's a

displayed messages such as 'America is No. 1, thanks to our start. veterans." In addition, Thomas pledged to publicize The American Legion Family Support Network through reader- Q. What about ordinary citizens? Are there problems boards and other media available to Wendy's restaurants. The with us?

18 THE AMERICAN LEGION — "" " " "

CHILDREN'S ADVOCATE With a firm belief that every child deserves a home and love, Thomas is urging corporations to GHLIGHTS offer adoption benefits to employees. £W Tkomai Ok,... A The work ethic isn't what it used to be. Too many of us are lazy and don't want to work. We don't help our- America-bashing: "You don't see Ameri- selves, even when we can. As a country and as individuals, cans fighting to leave here. You do we need to be helping those who cannot help themselves. I see immigrants fighting to get in. don't think we do enough for the mentally retarded, the phys- America remains a great country. ically handicapped and other people like that. The Army: "The Army made me an en- Those who can help themselves ought to get a job. The na- " trepreneur. tion's welfare system has made lots of lazy people. There's Welfare: "We don't do enough for the been a steady decline in the old-fashioned willingness to work. people who really need help. But

When I was growing up, I thought if I didn't work I those who can help themselves wouldn't eat, and I like to eat. I never had a silver spoon in should get a job. my mouth; I started at the bottom. So I know what it's like. His celebrity: "I'm not a celebrity. I'm a hamburger cook. QL How did you get your start in business? Gourmet food: "For me, it's a burger As early as the age of 8, 1 had a desire to live in better A with double cheese, a bowl of chili conditions than the way I was living. Most everybody fries. You can't top it. else had a family; I didn't. There were little things I wanted and that I didn't have. I wanted the money to go to the movies, to Today's teens: "You've got to teach buy a hamburger when I was hungry. them - often they don't have much of The right thing to do in my mind was to get a job. I tried a a work ethic - but when you do, - few I didn't like being a caddy, setting pins in a bowling al- they're good kids. Maybe better than ley. To tell the truth, I never liked manual labor much. What I previous generations. Please turn to page 54

APRIL 1993 19 DEMOCRACY IN NICARAGUA: STILL IN TROU LE

Is Nicaragua back to normal? And does By Elliott Abrams PRESIDENT it matter to the United States? The history can be told quickly. In AS ANY country disap- CHAMORRO 1979, the old Somoza dictatorship was Hj I peared from America's overthrown and replaced by a group than radar screen faster called the Sandinistas. Once in power, Nicaragua? STRUCK A DEAL they quickly formed an alliance During most of the with Cuba and the USSR, and began 1980s, Nicaragua was a WITH THE DEVIL shipping arms to guerrillas in neigh- fiery issue, the subject of boring El Salvador and elsewhere in thousands of editorials, TO KEEP the region. PwjfJhi iJH speeches and TV de- In the mid-1980s, Soviet military aid bates. But Nicaragua went unmen- to Nicaragua exceeded $500 million tioned during the 1992 presidential DEMOCRACY campaign, and Americans have lost A senior fellow of the Hudson Insti- track of events there. ALIVE IN tute, Elliott Abrams is author of Undue How did the great battle between the Process. His article, "Cuba: The Bad " Soviet- and Cuban-backed Sandinistas NICARAGUA. News And The Good News, appeared and the U.S.-backed Contras turn out? in the June 1992 issue of this magazine.

20 THE AMERICAN LEGION —

DISARMING President Chamorro receives a rifle from a Contra commander. As part of the deal for free elections, the Contras had to disarm. per year. The Sandinistas suppressed dissent at home, instituted a command economy and ruled in the familiar communist style. Soon the Reagan administration began helping the Contra rebels who rose up against the Sandinistas, sometimes with Congressional approval and sometimes not. After the Iran/Contra scandal, Congress cut off all funds to the Contras. As a result, the Contras were pushed into a peace agreement with the Sandinistas, who stayed in power but agreed to hold an election.

It looked like a happy ending. Given a chance to vote, the people of Nicaragua threw the Sandinistas out in a landslide. On Feb. 25, 1990, Violeta Chamorro—widow of a newspaper editor who had fought the Somoza tyranny and herself a foe of Sandinista op- CONTROL pression —was sworn of Nicaragua's in as president of vote "no" in parliament: less than 51 shells were counted on the Nicaragua. army and They take to the streets, highway. Yet two years later, call strikes, or destroy Since then, a cover-up has protected the bouquets are wilting national government property, Ortega and his bodyguards, destroying and the happy ending police force knowing full well that evidence and preventing testimony de- has turned sour because the military and police spite court orders. Now the Genie case of flaws in the peace still resides won't stop them. is before a military tribunal, but all of agreement and Chamor- Worse yet, in a wave its members were appointed by Ortega. with the ro's decisions as a leader. of terrorism the Sandin- The same absence of the rule of law Unless she uses the Sandinistas. istas have murdered has affected property rights in three years remaining in over 200 former Contra Nicaragua. her term to turn things leaders. There have been In their last months in power, the around, Nicaragua will zero indictments and Sandinistas stole public property as fast face a most uncertain convictions so far. And as they could do the paperwork. Cars, future. if the Sandinistas con- homes and land were sold to Sandinista The flaw in the peace tinue to control the po- bigwigs for a small fraction of their

agreement of 1989 was that it required lice investigations, that number is un- value. The Washington Post has reported the Contras to disarm, while their op- likely to rise. Please turn to page 50 ponents did not. Although the agree- The case of the former Contra com-

ment called for free elections, it left the mander, Enrique Bermudez, is typical. Sandinistas as the nation's only armed Bermudez was gunned down in Man- VETVOICE group. Even though the Sandinistas lost agua on Feb. 16, 1991, just outside the the elections badly, their arms allowed Intercontinental Hotel. WHAT'S YOUR OPINION? them to maintain much of their power. The police "investigation" was a Should Nicaragua be granted Chamorro made two bad moves. She farce because it was run by Lenin Cer- U.S. aid? permitted Humberto Ortega to stay on na, a former chief of state security un- Call your opinion to (314) 474- in charge of the Army. Ortega had run der the Sandinistas. 7474. You can vote, record a letter the Sandinista Army in the 1980s while The Sandinistas' ability to act with to the editor, and listen to opin- his brother Daniel ran the government. impunity is shown with equal clarity in ions of others. Opinions from the She also left the Sandinistas in control the case of Jean Paul Genie. He was an Vetvoice line published in the of the national police. unarmed 16-year-old boy who was dri- are indicated with a Chamorro controls only what the ving near Managua on Oct. 28, 1990. magazine symbol. Sandinistas don't care enough to fight When Genie tried to pass Gen. Hum- over. When they don't like some eco- berto Ortega's motorcade, his car was (314)474-7474 nomic proposal of hers, they don't just riddled with machine gun bullets. No "

After Korea and Vietnam, the Pentagon has learned the tactics that won WWII are still the best.

war-fighting doctrine that will take the Even though the next war in Korea By Harry G. Summers Jr. Army into the 21st century. was fought very much like World War

The proof lies in the resurrection of II, it too was dismissed as an aberration NOTATION, they say, is the May 22, 1941 edition of Army Field with no lessons for the future. And the the sincerest form of flat- Manual (FM) 100-5, Field Service Regu- war after that took us further afield. tery, and today World War lations: Operations. The manual, which Vietnam was initially seen as a new II veterans are being flat- was republished last year by the U.S. kind of war, and again academic social tered, indeed. Their bat- Government Printing Office in Wash- scientists took the lead in developing D tlefield deeds are being ington, D.C., spells out the battlefield "counterinsurgency" doctrines with commemorated during doctrines used to fight and win World which to wage that war. the ongoing celebrations War II. But our enemy was fighting by the of the 50th anniversary of For decades, those conventional-war old rules. the war. doctrines had been ignored. With the North Vietnam's 1975 final offensive But more significant, the methods advent of the Atomic Age came pro- was closer to Gen. George Patton's and rules with which they fought that nouncements from academic nuclear- drive across Europe than any counter- war are now forming the basis of the war theorists that conventional war was insurgency theories. Spearheaded by obsolete. Nuclear weapons, they said, tanks and heavy artillery, the North A military affairs columnist and au- had changed the battlefield completely. Vietnamese sent three corps crashing thor, retired Army Col. Harry G. Sum- All past military theories and doc- across the border to crush the South mers Jr. wrote "In Washington: Defeat trines —and most significantly— all Vietnamese defenders. It was not a Snatched From Victory, " for our Febru- past combat experience, were worth- black-pajama-clad guerrilla but a T-54 ary series on "let: Twenty-Five Ifears Later. less, they contended. tank that broke down the gates of the

22 THE AMERICAN LEGION —

clear and counterinsurgency fallacies that have sidetracked military thinking since 1945. "The ultimate objective of all military

operations is the destruction of the enemy's armed forces in battle," the 1941 edition of FM 100-5 emphasizes. And in World War II that's exactly what the U.S. Armed Forces proceeded to do.

during the Cold War, that simple BUTmission statement was severely distorted. Instead of the battlefield, the first order of business in both the Korean and Vietnam wars was to avoid a nuclear confrontation with the Soviet Union and to contain Soviet expansion in Europe. The result was battlefield confusion. As General of the Army Douglas A. MacArthur told the Senate in 1951, "My whole effort since Red China came in there has been to get some def-

inition, military definition, of what I should do."

And it was even worse in Vietnam, as Brig. Gen. Douglas Kinnard, later Chief of Military History, found in a 1974 survey of Army generals who had commands there. 'Almost 70 percent of the Army generals who managed the war were uncertain of its objectives," Kinnard says. But with the end of the Cold War and the Soviet Union allied with the Please turn to page 42

MEN AND METTLE From the 1944 Eu- ropean front, above, to the 1991 rout of Iraq, right, battles have been won through the guts and determination of the troops.

Presidential Palace in Saigon to bring that war to an end. Immediately after the war, the military went through profound soul- searching to figure out what had gone wrong. The Pentagon concluded that it had allowed itself to be led astray by all these civilian "experts" and their academic Cold War nostrums. Thus, there has been a return to the classic theories of conventional war and to the funda- mentals of the military profession. It now has become increasingly clear that the war-fighting doctrines of World War II provide a better guide for the modern-day battlefield than the nu-

APRIL 1993 23 —

t a.

SIEG HEIL Skinheads protest in Leipzig, Germany. Many moderate Europeans share their views, according to opinion polls.

Fear of foreigners has fueled the fires THE POLITICS OF of bigotry in Europe. Growing, radical political parties are winning support from mainstream voters, as countries across the continent HAT feel their heat.

It is a movement that takes on many cent polls and elections have charted a forms across the continent: skinhead steady rise in support for this move- toughs beating foreigners; angered ment. farmers and workers radicalized by Meanwhile, the far right in France, By Steve Vogcl economic problems; and people in suits playing on rising nationalistic senti- and ties frustrated by an ever-growing ments, very nearly torpedoed the coun- fear of immigration. It is a movement try's historic vote for the European CROSS Europe, a fright- that may spell enormous problems for Union. The xenophobic National Front, ening specter of the past Europe and the world in years to come. and its anti-immigrant message, con- is raising its head. Radi- In Germany, neo-Nazi thugs began a tinues to gain support from voters and

cal right extremism, a wave of terrifying attacks against for- is influential in national politics. movement once thought eigners in August 1992, burning In Italy, some 50,000 followers of the dead and buried in the refugee hostels and desecrating Holo- rubble of World War II, caust memorials. Even more ominously, Based in Germany, Steve \bgel writes is very much alive and the violence was cheered on by some for The Washington Post and Army on the march. Germans. What's more frightening, re- Times, among other publications.

THE AMERICAN LEGION — — .

MESSAGE OF VIOLENCE In Berlin, youths clash with police after attacking foreigners on Hitler's birthday last April

Italian neo-Nazi party ts tations of the rise of the 5 marched through Rome last right. October, chanting fascist In the spring of 1992, vot- slogans. Visitors to some ers in regional elections Italian towns are confronted made the radical right the with graffiti reading "Viva third-largest party in two II Duce," and a Mussolini state parliaments. The far- sits in parliament—Benito's right Republikaner party granddaughter, Alessandra, claims the support of 25

who is a member of the neo- percent of the voters in fascist Italian Social Move- Bavaria—the conservative ment. southern state that gave Few would say a Fourth Hitler his start. Opinion Reich is on the rise in Eu- polls show the Republikaners rope. Stable democracies are will have enough support to still the rule across the con- enter the national parliament tinent, and most voters re- in 1994, threatening to dis- ject the neo-Nazis' message rupt the ruling coalition. of hate. Many politicians are run- Nonetheless, the Euro- ning scared. Despite the ON THE MARCH Old imperial flags symbolize these pean far right is advancing of attacks, demonstrators' desire to keep Germany for Germans. wave neo-Nazi and drawing increasingly German Chancellor Helmut broad support, and has Kohl has refused to visit any transformed the political landscape of The situation in key European coun- asylum homes or fire-bombed Holo- the continent. tries is disturbing. caust memorials. One top Kohl adviser If the • trend continues—and there are Germany : The world was shocked says this is because "a symbolic act expectations it will—America may be by the images of rioters in Rostock be- would not improve the situation," but confronted with a Europe with which ing cheered on by German citizens. critics say that the chancellor is afraid

it shares fewer and fewer democratic But the violence and the sympathy it to alienate the far right.

values. engendered are only the latest manifes- 'Are we going to see it happen once

APRIL 1993 25 —

THE POLITICS OF

again in our country that people look FOREIGNERS OUT—One-third of Ger- youths dislike foreigners, accord- away, or even look on, as helpless peo- man ing to a study released last fall. ple are persecuted?" President Richard von Wiezsaecker has asked the nation. So far, the answer seems to be yes. • France: Jean-Marie Le Pen and that Haider's party will pick up at least his extremist National Front have regu- 20 percent of the vote in the 1994 elec- larly won 10 percent or more of the tions. French vote over the past eight years, • Belgium: The openly anti-Semitic despite France's current socialist gov- and authoritarian Flemish Bloc scored ernment. The National Front has be- well in local elections held in Antwerp come the most powerful extremist polit- last year. ical manifestation in Western Europe • Italy: Neo-fascists have ridden a - since World War II. wave of strikes and protests to win T. s It rants against immigrants, crime, growing support. "Just as 70 years ago AIDS, moral decadence and the "Euro- Italy was illuminated by the revolution- crats" planning European Union. ary thought of my grandfather, so have These positions barely disguise its we been pushed by the same ideal of r racist intent, including a complete ban restoring the pride and splendor of the on tourist visas for Africans and Arabs. past to Italy," Alessandra Mussolini Despite these views, polls have told a rally of supporters last October. shown nearly a third of the French people agree with Le Pen on immigration. I The ruling socialists received only 16 The common image Americans have percent of the vote in regional elections of the European far right is one of an-

last year, barely better than the National gry mobs throwing fire-bombs or skin- Front's 14 percent. heads beating up foreign workers. • Austria: Joerg Haider, chief of the Only a very small percentage of the country's Freedom Party, has made a population is involved in these frighten- splash with complaints about Eastern ing and well-publicized incidents, and European immigrants. The party is po- the far-right parties have more or less FRENCH CONNECTION Jean-Marie Le distanced themselves from the attacks. Pen and his National Front argue that sitioning itself as an alternative to the immigrants are eroding the French na- traditional Socialist and Christian De- What is perhaps more disturbing is tional character. mocrats parties. There are expectations the extent to which there is support, or

26 THE AMERICAN LEGION «t least sympathy, for many of their positions by a wide segment of the popu-

A recent study by a Leipzig institute shows eastern German youths gravitat- ing to the right, and anti-Semitism on the rise. Fully one-quarter of the school children agree that the German "race" should be kept pure, and racial mixing prevented. Nationwide, almost one-third of Ger- nent that has been rav- man youths dislike foreigners, accord- aged by fascism? ing to a study by IBM in Germany. Five main reasons ac- "That for me is a frightening thought," count for the change: says Gisa Schultze-Wolters, who direct- rage over immigrants ed the study. flooding the continent;

In France, the National Front claims infatuation with the far right's clever Germany, where it has served as the 100,000 members from nearly all social and charismatic leadership; distress spark for the neo-Nazi violence. At the classes. The party has recently been over economic hard times; doubts about root of the problem is the German con- trying to gain respectability by orga- the European Union; and disgust with stitution. In an attempt to assuage the nizing satellite groups for farmers, po- the political establishment. country's World War II guilt, the con- lice and shopkeepers, and it claims Let's take a closer look at these caus- stitution guarantees asylum to anyone strong support from doctors. Another es of change. suffering political persecution. party on the French far right, Combat • Immigration: This, more than any This guarantee caused little problem for Values, is drawing support from other factor, is responsible for the for many years because of the relatively young, bourgeois, pro-business voters. growth of Europe's far right. Western small number of applicants. But since Indeed, across Europe the far right is Europe has been swamped in recent the revolution in Eastern Europe, the getting support from a broad spectrum years with immigration from Eastern country has been overrun by immi- that includes the working class, the un- Europe, North Africa and Asia. grants looking for a piece of the good employed and the upper class. In par- An estimated 1 million to 2 million life. Most are eventually turned down, ticular, there is strong backing from people from former communist coun- but while their applications are what one analyst calls "the less well-off tries applied for admission into the Eu- processed, they are, according to law, of the well-off." ropean Community in 1992 alone. given apartments and cash. Why is this happening on a conti- The issue is particularly volatile in turn to page 52

APRIL 1993 27 THEY AREN'T JUST ANYMORERAP CENTERS Vet Centers were once regarded as merely services has resulted in the steady in- hangouts for swapping war stories. Now they have crease of centers, from 87 in 1979 to respect for healing the emotional scars of veterans. 201 today. Most centers report that between 75 and 80 percent of the veterans seeking help at a Vet Center suffer from com- By Ken Scharnberg Vietnam War record, Jim became ob- bat-related psychological problems. sessed with killing him. Over the years, the type of veterans Luckily, Jim found answers and help visiting Vet Centers has changed considerably. And Jim represents a break "« IM DIDN'T fit the image at his local Vet Center, a counseling that many people have of program for veterans run by the De- in the image the public once held of Vet Vietnam veterans with partment of Veterans Affairs (VA). By Centers and their clientele. H I Post Traumatic Stress Dis- seeking counsel at this VA facility, Jim Until a few years ago, Vet Centers HH 8 order (PTSD). He didn't learned that he —like thousands of oth- had the reputation of being little more H wear jungle fatigues. His er GIs—has PTSD. than social halls where Vietnam war » hair wasn't long. And he Jim is just one of nearly a million stories were traded during rap sessions, * jH didn't look or act anything veterans who have been helped by Vet according to Vet Center team leaders. mI like a wild-eyed Rambo. Centers during the past 13 years. Ac- Team leader is the title VA gives to He was a 45-year-old successful ex- cording to VA, Vet Centers saw ecutive with a major company in the 147,590 veterans and counseled 78,449 Assistant Editor Ken Scharnberg Pacific northwest. His only problem: veteran families in fiscal year 1992. wrote "VA And The Aging Veteran" in After learning his boss made up his The growing demand for Vet Center the March issue of this magazine.

28 THE AMERICAN LEGION TREATING PTSD—Group therapy and individual counseling sessions at Vet Centers, like this one in Boise, Idaho, are helping Vietnam and Gulf War veterans find answers.

each center's director. For some years, Vet Centers mainly served homeless veterans, but that era has passed. "We aren't seeing as many street people as we once did," says Steve Gross, team leader of the Indianapolis Vet Center. VA now has programs spe- cially aimed at homeless veterans. Instead, according to Mike Miracle, team leader at the Boise, Idaho, Vet Center, "More and more, we're seeing successful veterans who have suddenly had something happen in their lives that triggers their PTSD." Unlike GIs from earlier wars, Vietnam veterans were shunned and cursed when they returned home. According to Dr. Arthur Blank Jr., director of the Readjustment Counseling Service Vet Centers, Viet- nam veterans "were both socially and clinically vic- timized." A national network of services to treat post-war psychological problems did not exist until Congress created Vet Centers in 1979. Their purpose was to provide readjustment counseling to Vietnam veterans who had difficulty making a transition to civilian life. But in their early years, the Vet Cen- ters had critics who almost convinced Congress to cancel the program. The primary resistance to Vet Centers came from clinicians who did not believe that exposure to combat actually affected a GI, except temporarily. In 1981, VA finally convinced the medical establishment that PTSD was real, and the long-term psychological effects of combat affected people in different ways. For example, Jim blocked out his Vietnam experiences successfully until he discovered that his boss lied about

29 being a war hero. That discovery trig-

gered a murderous rage and from that | ° point on Jim constantly thought of killing his boss. Vet Center counseling taught Jim how to deal with his PTSD, especially how to release the emotions that had built up in him because of the war. The Vet Centers have two basic goals, according to team leader Mike Miracle. First, the centers make veterans with PTSD aware of their problem. Then they provide direct services to help them deal with it. These free services are available to veterans of Lebanon, Grenada, Pana- ma and the Gulf War, as well as Vietnam. But under the law, World War II and Korean War veterans are not eligible to use the centers. Vet Centers also act as referral centers for VA claims and for non-VA social services that are PATRIOTISM — erans learn about PTSD through art at available to veterans and Counselor Juanita the Jackson, Miss., Vet Center. "One of Davis of the Indi- their families. They tell our counselors is also a professional anapolis Vet Center veterans how to upgrade artist," says Team Leader George Otto. says veterans, such their discharges and ob- as John Poletsky, "She teaches art to the children and, at tain vocational and em- left, feel proud of the same time, uses art to explain why ployment training. They their military ser- their veteran parent is acting the way also offer counseling vice. he or she is." for veterans' families This is important because, according that cannot be obtained to counselor Juanita Davis, the clinical through VA. coordinator for the Indianapolis Vet For example, Mary T. had been mar- Center becomes the VA, a place where Center, "Veterans with PTSD have chil- ried to her Vietnam veteran husband claims are filed and benefit informa- dren with PTSD." for 15 years. After her husband's moth- tion is available. This, in itself, is enough to drive er died, he changed. He flew into rages "Veterans come here because the home the importance of Vet Centers, over minor things, had trouble sleeping, center itself is non-threatening," ex- says national Vet Center program direc- was drinking too much, lost interest in plains Mark Mulvihill, team leader of tor Dr. Arthur Blank. VA has no provi- his job and eventually was fired. the St. Paul, Minn., Vet Center. "The sions for treating the children or spous- When Mary approached a Vet Cen- VA can be a cold, impersonal bureau- es of veterans, while Vet Centers can.

ter to help her husband, it was a last re- cracy, and many veterans often are Still, the main thrust of the Vet Cen- sort. Only veterans themselves can get burned out from the way they have ter is counseling, and much counseling help from VA and most social service been treated at regular VA facilities." still comes out of group sessions. agencies are not equipped to deal with To work best, these sessions must be the specific problems of veterans. HE average Vet Center has a staff of carefully guided, says Indianapolis' Vet Centers, however, can counsel a four people: a team leader, an office Davis. She follows a therapeutic outline veteran's spouse with the veteran's ap- T:manager and two counselors. About that guides veterans into talking about proval. Fortunately, a Vet Center told 60 percent of Vet Center staffs are their experiences before, during and af- Mary about PTSD and what she could combat veterans; another 25 percent ter their time in the military. expect from her husband. Armed with are non-combat veterans. Vet Centers, however, are not without this knowledge, she was able to bring Vet Centers' staffers also visit em- their critics. Some claim Vet Centers him to the center for help. ployers, shelters and prisons within tend to exaggerate the number of veter- "One of the greatest strengths of the their area to provide outreach services. ans they treat for PTSD. Dr. Blank Vet Center is we can help the veteran In addition, many centers have veteran strongly disagrees. Here's why: and his family," says Miracle of the employment specialists for job In 1984, VA authorized the Research Boise, Idaho, Vet Center. counseling. Triangle Institute to investigate how In some communities where there Some programs are unusual and in- widespread PTSD is among Vietnam are no VA facilities nearby, the Vet novative. For instance, children of vet- Please turn to page 47

30 THE AMERICAN LEGION ™ J ~ A

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FREE LEGAL AID FOR APPEALS CASES

ETERANS whose VA they go before CVA alone," says Stellar. attorneys and representatives from The claims go before the The cost for legal representation American Legion and other major vet- Court of Veterans Ap- averages between $7,000 to $10,000 erans service organizations. All are V peals (CVA) may be eligi- per case, according to Legion VA&R veterans. The board screens all cases ble for free legal repre- experts. "Usually, this is more than awaiting CVA hearings to determine sentation through the Veterans Pro what most veterans can afford," says those which have merit. It then assigns Bono Consortium (VPBC). Stellar. attorneys to those cases and VPBC no- Currently, 70 percent of all veterans' About 100 lawyers, most based in the tifies the veterans. claims before the court are presented Washington, D.C., area, have signed up VPBC director Ron Scholz, a Navy without the benefit of legal counsel, ac- so far to help veterans. All lawyers are retiree with 26 years of service, says cording to Chet Stellar, Chairman of required to devote a certain number of that having professional legal counsel The American Legion's Veterans Af- hours of free legal counsel each year improves veterans' chances of winning fairs and Rehabilitation (VA&R) Com- under federal pro bono laws ("Pro their cases. The vast majority of unrep- mission. bono" is a legal term meaning "for the resented appeals before CVA are de- "This lack of legal counsel for veter- public good.") The VPBC was created nied, he says. Attorneys also benefit by ans has created an unfair situation. Vet- in September 1992 to take advantage of gaining experience in veterans' law. erans don't have much of a chance fac- those laws. The consortium has already provided ing a battery of VA attorneys when The consortium's board consists of lawyers for more than 60 cases.

Mustard Gas Tests atitis; chronic obstructive pulmonary groups involved were: disease; corneal opacities; emphysema; • Consairway Division of Consoli- Veterans and the survivors of veter- laryngitis; respiratory cancers, includ- dated Vultree Aircraft Corporation. ans who were exposed in World War II ing nasopharyngeal, laryngeal and lung • Pan American World Airways, in- to full-chamber and field tests of mus- (except mesothelioma); and skin can- Airways-Africa tard gas and Lewisite (an oily liquid cluding Pan American cer. Ltd., Export Air, containing arsenic) may be eligible for American Pan Am In announcing its findings, IOM Ferries, Air Africa, Panagra VA benefits. Air Pan The Department of Defense (DoD) criticized DoD as being "extraordinari- (Pan American-Grace Airlines) and ly slow" in responding to its requests admitted in 1991 that secret tests of China National Aviation Corp. • mustard gas and Lewisite were per- for information on the secret tests. United Air Lines. • formed on GIs during and immediately VA is also looking for 600 GIs who Transcontinental and Western Air- were exposed to mustard gas after the lines. following World War II. According to Jesse Brown, Secretary bombing of a munitions ship in Bari, Eligible employees are pilots, co-pi- Italy, of Veterans Affairs, the tests were se- during WWII. WWI veterans lots, navigators, radio operators, air- cret, and few records exist that could who were exposed to gas attacks, or craft mechanics, station managers and prove whether or not a veteran was ex- their survivors, are also being sought. dispatchers. Eligibility dates include information, call toll posed. As a result, VA last year relaxed For more VA service from Dec. 14, 1941, through regulations governing claims related to free at (800) 827-1000. A Legion De- Aug. 14, 1945. chemical exposure and commissioned partment Service Officer can assist you To qualify for benefits, the airline the Institute of Medicine (IOM), a divi- in filing your claim. employees must apply for a DD-214 by sion of the National Academy of Sci- filling out request form DD-2168 avail- ences in Washington, DC, to study the New Veterans able at any VA regional office. Documents health effects of heavy exposure. U.S civilians who served in certain proving where and when they served VA says some 60,000 veterans were special jobs during World War II have should be included with the form. test subjects, but IOM focused only on been granted veterans status by the Among acceptable supporting docu- the 4,000 who experienced the full- Secretary of the Air Force under the ments are passports showing appropri- chamber and field tests. Initial results authority of PL 95-202. This means ate entries, flight log books, Army Air of the studies were announced early in they now are eligible for veterans' ben- Force (AAF) ID Form 133, employ- 1993 and five new diseases were added efits and may be treated for health ment records including commenda- to VAs list of maladies linked to mus- problems at VA. tions, employee expense reports show- tard gas and Lewisite exposure. Eligible are civilian flight and ing charges to AAF, overseas medical The diseases are: acute nonlym- ground support crews who served over- certification, AAF passes for off-base phomic leukemia resulting from nitro- seas with airlines under contract with activity, military orders, or other AAF gen mustard; asthma; chronic bronchi- the Air Transport Command or Naval documents. Also accepted as proof of tis; chronic conjunctivitis; chronic ker- Air Transport Service. The airlines Please turn page

32 THE AMERICAN LEGION 1

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service is written confirmation by cap- basis, rather than on an average person's In addition, a 120-bed nursing home tains of flight crews. capabilities. and an outpatient clinic will be built in Others granted veteran status are the The Arizona veteran was awarded Sacramento and another 120-bed nurs- honorably discharged members of the $45,000 in retroactive benefits and his ing home and outpatient clinic are cur- American Volunteer Guard (AVG), Er- disability compensation was increased rently under construction at Martinez. itrea Service Command. They must by $1,000 per month. The new facilities in Sacramento and have served on active duty between Martinez are expected to be completed June 21, 1942, and March 31, 1943. Registry Update by 1995. To be eligible for veterans benefits, The Travis AFB hospital will use Gulf War veterans are being asked each AVG veteran must be able to pro- some of its existing beds to begin treat- by VA to give written permission to al- duce an AVG Eritrea discharge certifi- ing VA patients. low their health records to be used in cate or letter, or be identified as an medical research by authorized govern- honorably discharged AVG veteran ment agencies. Incompetent Rule through other credible publications or Bill Pearson, VA deputy under secre- Mentally incompetent veterans with documents. AVG Eritrea members also tary for benefits, says that while Gulf estates valued at $25,000 or more no must file form DD-2168 with accompa- War veterans' names are automatically longer are required to "spend down" nying documentation. on the Persian Gulf War Veteran Reg- their estates to be eligible for VA dis- Applicants from both groups should istry, written permission must be given ability compensation. Temporary legis- not send the DD-2168 to the address to VA to release any medical informa- lation that established the requirement shown on the back of the form. Com- tion. The records will only be made in 1990 has expired. pleted forms and documentation should available to the Department of Defense Under the old law, these mentally in- be sent to: U.S. Army Reserve Person- or agencies authorized to conduct med- competent veterans did not receive nel Center, (DARP-VSE-N), 9700 Page ical research, such as the National their disability compensation until their Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63132-5200. Academy of Sciences. estate had been reduced to less than For more information, write to Lt. Gulf War veterans who file for dis- $10,000. Col. Robert Dunlap, Air Force Person- ability benefits on the recently updated According to VA, the law forced nel Center, Washington, DC 20330- VA Form 21-526 will be asked if they many incompetent disabled veterans 1000, or phone (703) 607-3046. want their records to be made available. who retired from the military to opt for Veterans who are not filing for dis- retirement pay instead of VA disability ability benefits but want their records compensation. VA says that many BVA Decision available through the registry may sign of these veterans may want to switch An Arizona veteran's successful fight a form letter available at any VA region- back to the tax-exempt disability for increased VA compensation may al office or from any American Legion compensation. have far-reaching affects on other dis- Department Service Officer. abled veterans who are unable to work, Veterans who allow their records to according to attorney John D. Sawyer, Tuition Waivers be used will be periodically updated by a Vienna, Va., specialist in VA benefits. Kentucky has a law giving tuition VA on significant new developments At issue was whether or not VA's waivers to some wartime veterans and pertaining to medical research on Per- working definition of "individual un- their immediate families. Eligible are sian Gulf ailments. employability" matched the written de- 100 percent service-connected wartime finition outlined in VA's regulations. veterans and their families who are res- The regulations describe unemployabil- New VAMC idents of Kentucky. Survivors also are ity as the inability of an individual "to Northern California veterans will be eligible, if the veteran was a Kentucky secure and follow a substantially gain- getting a new 243-bed VA hospital, resident at the time of his death. ful occupation." three nursing homes and two outpatient In addition, 100 percent nonservice- The disabled veteran had been rated clinics during the next four years. connected disabled veterans and their at 60-percent disabled and had filed for The hospital, expected to be com- families or survivors may be eligible if 100 percent on the basis that he was pleted by 1997, will be built at Travis the disability is rated permanent and unable to hold or work at a steady job AFB, located midway between Sacra- total by VA. A total disability rating because of his disability. mento and San Francisco. The Travis means a veteran is unable to work. VA's Board of Veterans Appeals VA hospital will replace the one at The waiver of tuition applies to any (BVA) denied the veteran's increase, Martinez, which was closed last year two-year or four-year college or voca-

ruling that an average individual with because it was built on an earthquake tional technical school operated and the same disability could find work. fault line. funded by the Kentucky Department of Sawyer represented the veteran be- VA decided to build the hospital at Education. fore the Court of Veterans Appeals. Travis because the government owned For applications or more informa- The court ruled that unemployability, the land and VA would be able to share tion, write: K.D.V.A, Field Service

by the regulation's definition, should be resources and training with the Air Branch, Room 136J, 600 Martin Luther defined case by case on an individual Force teaching hospital there. King Place, Louisville, KY 40202.

34 THE AMERICAN LEGION Advertisement See Why... Your Will Is A Dead

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CLINTON URGED TO RETAIN SAVING THE FLAG

HE American Legion continues to press BAN ON HOMOSEXUALS state legislatures to adopt memorializing resolutions to protect the U.S. Flag from AT I O N A L At press time, Clinton or- Commander dered Secretary of Defense desecration. At press time, 28 states had Roger A. Mun- Les Aspin to draft an execu- passed resolutions. The most recent state to son is urging tive order that will allow ho- do so was Illinois. Legionnaires from states that have not already passed al 1 Legion- mosexuals in the military. naires to call the White Aspin's draft is to be com- resolutions are urged to write or call their state represen- House and their congress- pleted by mid- summer. tatives and ask for a resolution to protect the flag. men and voice opposition to Clinton's plan will prohib-

allowing homosexuals into it the military from asking States that have passed memorializing resolutions the U.S. Armed Forces. incoming recruits about to protect the flag are marked with an X. American Legion has their sexual orientation. It The Alabama X Louisiana X Ohio X called on President Bill will also end the policy of Alaska Maine X Oklahoma Clinton to abandon his plan discharging homosexuals Arizona Maryland Oregon to lift the ban on homosexu- from the service based on Arkansas X Massachusetts als in the military and allow sexual preference alone. Pennsylvania X California X Michigan open debate on the topic. The Clinton plan faces Rhode Island X Colorado X Minnesota Opinion polls support the tough resistance in Congress South Carolina X Legion's position: from the likes of Sen. Connecticut Mississippi X Sam South Dakota X • In a 1993 Gallup Poll Nunn of Georgia, chairman Delaware X Missouri X Tennessee X for Newsweek magazine, 53 of the Senate Armed Ser- Florida X Montana X Texas X percent opposed Clinton's vices Committee, and Sen. Georgia X Nebraska Indiana. Both Utah X policy to allow homosexuals Dan Coats of Hawaii Nevada X in the military. senators lead the opposition Vermont Idaho New Hampshire X • And a 1993 New York against lifting the ban. Virginia X Illinois X New Jersey Times/ CBS News poll Those who want to con- Indiana X New Mexico Washington showed 61 percent of mili- tact the President should Iowa New York West Virginia tary veterans surveyed also call: (202) 456-1111. To reach opposed homosexuals serv- representatives or senators, Kansas North Carolina Wisconsin X ing in the service. call: (202)224-3121. Kentucky North Dakota X Wyoming X

embership Drive Poster Four Chaplains' Site Dedicated

S part of the lifejackets to save others. ceremonies The chaplains, who repre- commemorat- sented three different faiths, ing the 50th were seen holding hands and 6 anniversary of praying as they went down the sinking of the Army with the ship. Transport Dorchester, the Le- The Chapel of Four Chap- gion sponsored the ground lains commemorates the dedication for the Chapel of chaplains and the 668 others Four Chaplains. In addition, killed 50 years ago on the the Department of New York Dorchester. donated $20,000 to the pro- About $400,000 of $5 SAY UNCLE Proudly displaying their Legion recruiting ject's construction fund. million needed has been poster are New York County Legion officials, from left, Bill Carrying U.S. troops raised for the project. The McClintock, membership chairman; Edward Mallicoat, from Newfoundland to chapel will be located on a public relations chairman and Commander; John Morahan, Greenland on Feb. 3, 1943, site 2.5 miles west of Vailey poster designer. Morahan of Post 1179, Manhattan, Used the Dorchester was struck by Forge National Park. For the familiar Army recruiting poster of Uncle Sam for a New a German torpedo. The more information write: The York County Legion membership drive. The poster is displayed in the lobby of the New York County American transport sank quickly, and Chapel of Four Chaplains, Legion Headquarters at 346 Broadway in Manhattan. survivors tell of how four P.O. Box 1943, Valley Forge, chaplains gave their own PA 19482.

36 THE AMERICAN LEGION — — Legion news

LEGIONNAIRES Legion Hosts Veterans' Inaugural Ball INACTION HE American Legion and The smell of fried ele- other veterans phant ears wafts through organizations the air. And barkers attempt welcomed the to lure fun seekers to their new administration and hon- games. The occasion is the ored America's Medal of Child Welfare Carnival, Honor recipients during the sponsored annually by High- Veterans' Inaugural Ball on land Post 201 of Louisville, Jan. 20. Ky. For the past 39 years, The Legion-hosted event Post 201 has conducted the was the first stop in the in- carnival on the last weekend auguration evening for Pres- in July to help local handi- PRESIDENTIAL PRESENCE National Commander Roger ident Bill Clinton, Vice capped children. Last year, A. Munson welcomed the Clintons and Gores to the Veter- President and their Al Gore ans Inaugural Ball, the only event the couples appeared to- 17 organizations shared wives. About 2,000 attended gether during inauguration night. $47,600 raised by the carni- the ball and banquet at the val. Since the carnival Capitol Hilton Hotel in began, about $1.25 million downtown Washington. The ball, Munson honored Medal Honor recipients at the inau- has been distributed to Legion affair was the only of Honor recipients. gural ball. Louisville-area organiza- event where the Clintons "The Medal of Honor re- "Each veterans' inaugural tions. Since 1939, Children and Gores appeared together cipients symbolize what ball has become more spe- and \buth Month, April, has during inauguration night. makes veterans so impor- cial and more meaningful," been a joint effort of the Le- Members of the Joint tant, and they serve as a re- said Munson. gion and Auxiliary to pro- Chiefs of Staff, including minder that we must some- Master of ceremonies for mote the nation's youth. chairman Army Gen. Colin times pay a price for our lib- the evening was Kevin Dob- Post 12 of Rockmark, Powell, also attended. erty," said Munson. son, who appeared on the Ga., has been showing some After meeting the Clin- H.C. "Barney" Barnum of TV series Knotts Landing red, white and blue of its tons and Gores, National the Congressional Medal of and was Crocker on Kojack. own. The Post boasts mem- Commander Roger A. Mun- Honor Society led the group Dobson has been active in bers who wear the patriotic son said, "The inauguration in the Pledge of Allegiance, recruiting volunteers for VA colors of Legion caps: the of a new President is always and society president J. El- hospitals nationwide, and red cap of National Execu- a historic occasion. The Le- liott Williams presented the was the chairman of the Na- tive Committeeman Horace gion looks forward to work- Legion with a citation of ap- tional Salute to Hospitalized E. Borders; the white cap of ing with the new administra- preciation. Veterans. An Army military Joyce Hutchings, Depart- tion, especially in the realm Every four years since policeman during Vietnam, ment of Georgia Junior Vice of veterans' issues." 1953, the Legion and other Dobson is a Legionnaire in Commander; and the blue During the "Salute to He- national veterans' organiza- Department of California caps of its more than 500 roes" banquet before the tions honor the Medal of Post 1000. other members. With the joy of the season in their hearts, Legionnaires from Post 563 of Houston, Texas, delivered tote bags filled with Christmas gifts to veterans in the Houston VA Hospital. Post 44 of Bantam, Conn., received the Free- dom Foundation's George Washington Honor medal for its Veteran of the Month program. The Post honors an TOP BRASS Also at the ball were, from left, Air Force Vice Chief Gen. Michael Cams; Army honorably discharged, Chief of Staff Gen. Gordon Sullivan; Chief of Naval Operations Adm. Frank Kelso; Munson; deceased veteran each month Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Army Gen. Colin Powell; Marine Corps Commandant with a memorial service and Gen. Carl Mundy; Coast Guard Commandant Adm. J. William Kime. media recognition.

APRIL 1993 37 **VETS**

26th AAA Grp. #11642 #15843 26th Inf. Div. (Yankee Div. WWI/WWII) 103rd Inf. Div., 382nd FA Bn., C Btry. HOW TO USE VETS Assn. #20303 #16572 28th General Hospital Assn. (Korea) 103rd Inf. Div., Signal Co. #14063 #20006 104th Inf. Div., 415th Rgt., AT Co. #15894 This month there are tors may still be able to 28th Inf. Div., 109th Rgt. #10455 104th Inf. Div.: Atlantic Timberwolf Assn. 1,000 military reunions provide you with infor- 29th Inf. Div., 116th Rgt., M Co. #15958 (WWII) #22779 30th Inf. Div., 120th Rgt., Co B #14887 106th Cav. Grp. Assn. (Annual Bivouac) listed these pages. on How- mation. Many units are 31st Inf. Div., Society (Dixie Div.) #15284 #16370 ever, VETS has informa- enrolling daily in VETS. 31st Inf. Div., 167th Rgt./124TH RGT 108th Evac. Hospital #10766 (WWII) #10606 113th Calvary #30040 tion than on more 10,000 Operators are on call 31st Inf. Div., 124/154th Inf. Rgts. Dixie 116th AAA Gun Bn. (50th ANIV.) #12213 other reunions. For infor- Monday through Friday Assn., Serv. Co. (All Rgt. WWII) #15586 118th Inf. Rgt., 1st Bn. & 118th Med. Det. 31st Inf. Div.: 155th Rgt., E Co. Dixie Div. #12205 mation on reunions for any 1 to from p.m. 9 p.m. Assn. #14801 118th Sign. Radio Int. Co. (WWII) #22502 military unit or ship, call Eastern Standard Time; 33rd Inf. Div., Including All Support Grps. 119th Evac Hospital (ETO) WWII #22999 (WWI& WWII) #11150 126th AAA Gun Bn. Mobile, Hq. Btry. from noon to 8 p.m. Cen- 33rd Inf. Div., 136th Rgt., A Co. #16633 (WWII) #30136 (900) 737-VETS tral Standard Time; from 35th Inf. Div., 134th Rgt. Assn. #15531 127th Inf. Div. Vets Assn. #16717 737-8387 35th Inf. Div. Assn. #15840 128th AAA Gun Bn. (WWII) #16612 (900) 11 a.m. to 7 p.m. Moun- 36th Cav. Recon. Sq. Trp. C #16552 129th AAA Gun Bn. - (WWII) #15654 If you know the VETS tain Standard Time; and 36th Evac. Hospital (WWII/Vietnam) 130th Evac Hospital (WWII) #13775 131st AAA Gun Bn. #16097 five-digit number as- from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. 36th FA Bn. Assn. #23061 132nd Gen. Hospital Assn. #10460 signed to the ship or unit, Pacific Standard Time. 38th Inf. Div., 152nd Rgt., 1st Bn. #15464 134th AAA Gn. Bn. WWII #22910 40th Cav. Recon. Trp. (WWII) #16208 134th FA Bn. #22953 please give it to the opera- Phone calls cost $1.95 per 40th Inf. Div.: HQ & HQ Co. (WWII) 140th MP Co. (Ft. Gordon, GA 1963/65) #15917 #13778 tor. The number is printed minute, and the average 40th Inf. Div.: 160th Rgt., Mortar Co (H) 142nd FA, 142nd Ord. HM #22834 immediately after the unit call takes two minutes or #16411 143rd AAA Gun Bn. (WWII) #16214 in the magazine. If you less. Proceeds help sup- 40th Inf. Div.: 160th Rgt., D Co. (WWII) 145th Combat Avn. Bn. Assn. (All 33 #16689 Units, Vietnam) #12223 don't know the VETS port various veterans' and 41st Inf. Div., 218th FA Bn., C Btry. (WWII) 150th Engr. (C) Bn. Assn. (WWII) #16131 number or haven't seen the children's programs and #15369 158th RCT, 147th FA + Related Units. 43rd Inf. Div.. 172nd Rgt., E Co. #16398 (Bushmasters East) #22341 ship or unit listed in the services sponsored by The 43rd Inf. Div., 103rd Rgt. Vets Assn 161st Station Hospital #16041 magazine, VETS opera- American Legion. #28443 163rd Engr. Combat Bn. WWII #15330 44th Engr. (C) Bn. Assn. #16518 164th Engr. (C) Bn. #16517

44th Inf. Div.: 63rd Engr. (C) Bn., A Co. 164th Inf., I Co. -(WWII) #15932 #11235 176/228/967th FA Bn. #15317 5th RCT, (Korea) #14104 45th Inf. Div.: 180th Rgt. Assn. 179th General Hospital (WWII) #16145 6th Cavalry (All Units, Past & Activ. Pers.) (Thunderbirds WWII & Korea) #15434 188th FA Bn., Svc. Btry. - (WWII) #16661 OUTFIT #15670 45th Inf. Div.: 180th Rgt., G Co. 194th FA Bn., 194th Grp. HQ, 185th/740th 6th Inf. Rgt. Assn. #15429 (Thunderbirds WWII & Korea) #15990 FA - (WWII) #15359 REUNIONS 6th Inf. Div., 20th Rgt., Co. C #23127 45th TAAM Co. (1951/54) #15417 198th General Hospital (WWII) #11650 7th Army: 1st Sig. Bn., D Co. 46th Engr. Const. Bn. #10744 199th Light Inf. Bde. Assn. (Vietnam, (Boblingen.Ger. 1962/64) #30025 51st Port Co. (Bristol Channel 1944/45) Cambodia) #15322 Reunion coordinators can enroll their 7th Cav. Rgt.. E Co. #22739 #23102 203rd General Hospital -ETO #15705 units in VETS by sending a self- 7th Cav. Rgt. (Korea 1950/51 CHAPTER) 52nd (C) Engrs., Co. C (WWII) #22885 204th AAA Bn. (WWII) #16379 addressed, stamped envelope to VETS, #23040 52nd FA Bn. (Japan - Korea) #20980 210th General Hospital #21999 P.O. Box 10088, Columbia. MO 65205- 7th Inf. Rgt Assn. #16139 53rd Inf Rgt. Assn. #15478 217th Gen Hospital #23082 4000. Unit names may be published two 7th Inf. Div. Assn. (Final Salute to Ft. Ord) 56th Signal Bn. #16733 221st Army Band #20289 times per year, upon request. #16219 61st CA Rgt., 184th AAA Gun Bn., 232nd AAA S/L Bn. (WWII) #1 1929 7th Inf. Div., 32nd Rgt. (Korea) #11905 634th/635th AAA AW Bns.(Ack Ack 232nd Signal Ops. Co. #15946 7th Inf. Div., 17th Rgt., Co L #22833 Gnrs WWII) #16610 233rd Station Hosp. #22297 8th Cav. Rgt. #16677 62nd Sig. Bn., A Co. (1941/45) #16223 236th Gen. Hospital #23046 Army 9th Arty., 6th Bn. (Ger. 1963/64) #21100 62nd Sig. Bn., A Co. (WWII) #12150 242nd FA Bn. #15285 9th Inf. Div., 9th Signal Co. #11248 63rd Inf. Div. Assn. #23083 245th Engr. (C) Bn. #16102 10th Station Hospital (WWII) #15953 65th AAA Gun Bn., 97th Grp., B Btry. 246th Engr. Combat Bn. #15795 1st Arm'd Div. Assn. #16195 11th A/B Div. Assn. (1942/58) #14244 (Okinawa 1952/53) #16043 250th FA Bn. (WWII) #21659 1st Cav. Div., 61st FA Bn. #23105 11th FA Bn., Serv. Btry. (Korea 1952/53) 65th Inf. Div. Assn. (Camp Shanks, 252nd Engr. (C) Bn. #10639

1st Inf. Div.: Society of the First Div. (Big #11586 Shelby, Lucky Strike, Inns River WWII) 255th Ord. MM Co. #12048

Red One) #15354 12th FA Obsn. Bn # 15396 #12207 265th FA Bn , C Btry. #11172 1st Prov.(T)Grp.,China/Am;Grp HQ; 527th 13th Arm'd Div., 93rd Cav. Recon. Sq., 69th Arm'd Div. (Past & Present) #12212 276th Sig. Const. Bn. (Manila, PI 1945) Ord Co.,HM(T), 1st & 2nd (T) Bns. Mech Co. F #32009 69th Recon. Troop WWII #16720 #23085 #11399 14th Arm'd Div. - North Eastern States 70TH Gen. Hospital #20086 281st Engr. (C) Bn. Assn. (WWII) #15218 1st Signal Bn. #16109 Chapter #15911 74th CA (AA)/370th Eng Combat Bn 293rd Engr. (C) Bn., C Co. #10234 2nd Arm'd Div., 17th Engr. Bn., A Co. 15th Inf. Rgt. - (Korea) #15733 WWII Assn #16715 300th Arm'd FA Bn. (All Btry.) #15986 #16341 15th/17th Cav. Recon. Grp. #10117 74th Engr. (C) Bn. #23058 310th Command Assn., HQ Co. #22150 2nd Arm'd Div., 41st AIB, Co.s B/ HQ/ & 16th Cav. Grp., 16th/19th Cav. Sqs. 78th AAA Gun Bn. #21018 334th Ord. Dpt. Co. #16729 Serv. #21674 #10863 81st Inf. Div., 317th FA Bn., HQ Btry. 336th Engr. (C) Bn., Amphib. (ETO 2nd Engr. Bgd. (SP) #23116 17th FA Obsn. Bn. (WWII) #14041 #15730 1942/45) #15721

3rd 60th/ 4th 47th/ 3rd 47th Riverine 17th FA Assn. #13779 81st Inf. Div. Wildcats Assn (WWII) 341st Rgt., I Co. (WWII) #23020 Infantry (Dong Tarn) #30142 18th A/B Div.: 26th FA Bn., 2nd TAB (Ft. #15974 342nd Arm'd FA Bn. (1 942/46) #1 1 1 06

3rd Army: 26th Inf. Div., Mid-West Chapt. Bragg, NC) #22069 84th Inf. Div. Railsplitter Soc. #15955 359th Tms. Co. #21792 Of Yankee Div. #16183 18th FA Bn. (Korea 1950/53) #11516 85th Inf. Div., 310th Medical Bn., B Co. 362nd AAA S/L Bn. #23041 3rd Arm'd Div., 36th A.I.R., 1st Bn., HQ 19th Engr. (C) Rgt. (WWII) #20558 #21660 390th AAA AW Bn. (Sp) #20785 Co. CA (WWII) #16557 20th Armd. Div., 20 Tnk. Bn., Co. A 85th Inf. Div.: 338th Rgt., H Co. (Italy 397th AAA AW Bn. #15536 3rd Army: 97th Inf. Div., 387th Rgt., G Co. #20271 44/45) #21906 398th AAA Bn. (Korea) #15718 (WWII) #21300 24th Evac. Hosp. (Long Bihn Vietnam 85th Inf. Div., 85th Ren. Trp. #23106 420th Med. Collecting Co. (WWII) #13776 3rd Army: 26th Inf. Div.. 101st FA Bn. 1966/67) #11833 86th Chem. Mortar Bn. Assn. #16089 423rd CA, AAA Bn., D Btry. (WWI) #14768 Midwest Chapt. (Yankee Division WWII) 24th Inf. Div.: 21st Rgt., L Co. (Korea 86th Ord. Co. (1942/66) #16649 430th AAA AW Bn. (WWII) #16696 #16643 1950/51) #12001 88th Chem. Mortar Bn #16094 445th AAA AW Bn Vets Assn. #15279 3rd Arm'd Div., 486th AAA Bn. (WWII) 24th Rgt. Assn. (77th Engr. Co., 159th FA, 88th Engr. Hv. Pon. Bn. - (WWII) #15744 460th Parachute F A #14778 #11390 512th MP Co.) #16699 90th Inf. Div. Assn. #10319 470th AAA AW Bn. (WWII) #16199 3rd Army: 79th Inf. Div., 311th FA Bn., HQ 25th Inf. Div.: 27th Rgt., G Co. Wolfhounds 90th Inf. Div., 790th Ord. Co. #20896 475th MPEG Co. #11641 Co. #21952 Assn. (WWII) #15321 94th Inf. Div., 376th Rgt., Co. C (Germany 482nd AAA AW Bn. (SP) Assn #10670 3rd Army: 80th Inf. Div. Assn. (WWII) 25th Inf. Div.: 8th FA (Korea 1950/53) WWII) #23124 483rd AAA AW Bn. #15771 #11916 #10354 95th Inf. Div. Assn. #16110 486th AAA Bn Assn. #23090 3rd Inf. Div., 10th FA Bn. (Korea) #22874 25th Inf. Div.: 27th Rgt., C Co. 97th Inf. Div., 386th Rgt., K Co. (WWII) 488th Port Bn„ 188/189/190/191 Port Cos. 3rd Inf. Div., 7th Rgt., 2nd Bn., HQ & HQ (Wolfhounds WWII) #20323 #15566 Co. (Korea 1953/54) #15813 25th Inf. Div., 161st Rgt., Cannon Co. 97th Inf. Div., 322nd Med. Bn. #1 1668 494th AAA Bn. (WWII) #15617 4th Inf. Div., 8th Rgt. (1951/52) #22005 (WWII) #15883 97th Inf. Div., 303rd Rgt., 2nd Bn, C Co. 513th AAA Gun Bn., Btry.D (1951-55) 4th Inf. Div., Western Pennsylvania 25th Inf. Div. Assn. New England Chptr. (1945) #13782 #20742 Chapter #14721 #23080 97th Inf. Div.: 386th Rgt., 1st Bn., HQ Co. 514th FA Bn. (WWII) #28389 4th Inf. Div.. 22nd Rgt., 3rd Bn., Co. C 25th Inf. Div., 22nd Rgt., 3rd Bn., Co. C (WWII) #17334 517th Parachute Combat Team Assn. (Viet Nam 1966/70) #23122 (Viet Nam 1966/70) #23123 103rd Inf. Div., 410th Rgt.. C Co. (WWII) #16164

38 THE AMERICAN LEGION 1 5 **VETS**

531st AAA (AW) Bn #21665 National Guard Retirees of Florida #23081 LST-1148 (1945/70) #23092 SCLU-34 (Ulithi Isl. WWII) #11921 531st MP Bn., 799th MP Co. (WWII) Nurses: Camp Bouse, Ariz. Survivors LST-308 #18340 Scouts and Raiders (N. Africa 1942) #20765 #16742 LST-372 #17554 #10663 538 FA Bn., 3/28 FA Bn #23068 Shapter Field, Queen Anne's Btry., Trans. LST-510 #11498 Seabee Camp Endicott WAVES 555th Engr. Hv. Pont.Bn. #201 19 Unit (Plymouth, Eng. 1943/44) #20493 LST-528 #22819 (Davisville.RI) #23098 557th AAA AW Bn. #16586 US Army Ranger Assn Inc. #28405 LST-537 #18456 Ship Repair Unit Kodiak, AK. 1951-52 566th AAA AW Bn. (WWII) #15620 US Constabulary Assn. (1946/52) #18709 LST-568 #17410 #30097 579th Sig. Air Warn. Bn. (New Caledonia XIX Army Corps HQ & Units #15448 LST-585 #17397 Sino-American Cooperative 1942/44) #14124 Yokahama Engr. Dpt. (Japan 1954/55) LST-621 Assn. #17753 Org.(SACO/Naval Grp. China) #21 106 581stQM #23078 #11791 LST-677 (USS Yolo WWII) #30017 SLCU-32 (Peleliu) #23054 586th AAA (AW) Bn., B Btry. (WWII) LST-7 19 #20834 South China Patrol, Asiatic Fleet #18034 #21787 LST-750 Assn. (LSTs 749/751/753 Crews Task Force 115/117 Vietnam #28371 596th Parachute Engr Co. #14779 Welcome) #14626 US Asiatic Fleet 4-Stacker Destroyers 601st AAA Bn., Btry. D (WWII) #23114 Navy LST-751 (PTO 1944/46) #11612 #17534 608th O.B.A.M. Bn. (WWII) #20715 LST-752 (1944/46) #11342 US Navy Band Alumni Assn. #10047 608th TD Bn. (WWII) #16681 LST-799 #21801 USN Armed Guard: National Reunion 632nd TD Bn. #10061 1st Naval Beach Bn. #18454 LST-803 #17322 (WWII) #17680 635th TD Bn. #21873 4-Stacker APD Veterans (Asiatic Fleet) LST-809 #11613 USN Armed Guard: U.S.A.T. Col.Fred C. 636th Tank Destroyer Bn. #161 14 #17756 LST-811 #23086 Johnson #11643 640th Quartermaster Vets (Battle of Bulge, 7th Beach Bn. #22351 LST-833 #18182 USN Armed Guard: SS Mormacswan Belgium) 1943-1993 #22746 39th NCB (PTO WWII) #23035 LST-858 AGC-7 (Recomm. ARL-26 Dec. #11644 692nd TD Bn. #15601 46th NCB (WWII) #18612 1947) #28342 USN Armed Guard: SS Eli Whitney 692nd TD Bn.,ACo. #12036 79th NCB (WWII) #17908 LST-886 WWII (CG Manned) #21998 #11645 707th AAA Gun Bn. #16318 94th NCB (WWII) #22830 LST-894 #23157 USS Achernar AKA-53 Assn. #28421 708th E.D.P. (WWII) #23042 101st NCB #18278 LST-912#20436 USS Alaska CB-1 #17891 722nd Railway Oper. Bn. #15837 112th NCB (WWII) #11674 Manicani Island SRB: Philpns (Incl. USS Albany Assn. CL-23/CA-123/CG- 726th MP Bn. (WWII) #15260 116th NCB #17577 91 /96th NCBs & 478th AAA-1 945/46) 10/SSN-753 & Marines #10176 728th MP Bn., Co. A #20490 119th NCB (WWII) #28275 #21803 USS Albemarle Assn. #18570 736th Medium Tank Bn (SP) WWII #10679 136th NCB #18432 MCB-7 (Mob.Const.Bn.) 1951-70 #20524 USS Albert T. Harris DE-447 #20995 738th (M) Tank Bn.(SP) #15240 138th NCB, CB-1018 Det #23056 Mobile Riverines, MTF 117, 91st River Div. USS Alhena AKA-9/AK-26 #17344

738th MP Bn., Co. C (All Bn. Members Are 519th CBMU (Soloman Isl. & Guadalcanal (Vietnam) #30143 USS Allen DD-66 #22222 Welcome) #15311 WWII) #16483 Mobile Riverines: MTF 117, 92nd River USS AltairAD-11 Assn. #18361

749th Tank Bn. Assn. (Ohio Chptr.) 520th CBMU (Solomon Isl., Guadalcanal Div. (Vietnam) #11936 USS Altamaha CVE-18 #10774 #15900 WWII) #20924 Mobile Riverines: MTF 117, 111th River USS Ammen DD-527 #21128

762nd AA S/L Btry. (WWII) #1 1930 521st CBMU (Soloman Isl. & Guadalcanal Div. (Vietnam) #11937 USS Amphion AR-13 (First Div, Deck 784th AAA Bn., C Btry. (1943/46) #23026 WWII) #14261 Mobile Riverines: MTF 117, 112th River Force) #22948 787th MP Bn. Assn. (WWII) #15618 535th Riv. Div., TF-116, PBR (06-1969/06- Div. (Vietnam) #11938 USS Anchor ARS-13 #20967 787th Tank Bn., B Co. #16700 1970) #23076 Mobile Riverines: MTF 117, 131st River USS Antietam CV/CVA/CVS-36/CG-54 790th Ordnance Co. (WWII) #18701 ACORN-29 (Ulithi SLCU-34 WWII) #11920 Div. (Vietnam) #11939 (All Personell) #17568 792nd AAA AW Bn. - (WWII) #16103 Anti Sub Warfare Personel #23153 Mobile Riverines: MTF 117, 132nd River USS Anzio Assn. (USS Coral Sea) VC-82 793rd AAA Bn #23024 ARU-145 (Guadalcanal 1943/45) WWII Div. (Vietnam) #11940 & VC-1 3 Aboard CVE-57. #21290 803rd Engr. Avn. Bn. #16630 #21941 Mobile Riverines: MTF 117, 151st River USS Aquarius AKA-16 (Navy & CG)

805th TD Bn., Co. C #10991 ATC-151-14 (Vietnam 1969) #14845 Div. (Vietnam) #11941 . #23088 807th Engr. (Lt.) Equip. Co. (Korea & Aviation Midshipmen (1946/50) #28297 Mobile Riverines: MTF 117, 152nd River USS Ashland LSD-1 & LSD-48 50th Anniv Camp McCoy.WI) #12200 Brown Water LST Assn. (Mekong Delta, Div. (Vietnam) #11942 #17499 819th TD Bn. #15629 Vietnam) #28373 Mobile Riverines, 9th Div. (Vietnam) USS Ashtabula AO-51 (Plankowners 860th Engr. Avn Bn. #16425 CAG-11: VF-11/VB-11/VS-11/VT-11/VBF- #22977 1943/49) #23111

864th Ord.(H.A.M.) Co. (WWII) #10791 11 (WWII) #18256 Mobile Riverines : Armies LCU's #22981 USS Askari ARL-30 #22979 896th AAA Bn., 74th CA AA #20276 CAG-153-15 (1945/49) #18636 Mobile Riverine Force Assn. (Dong USS Atlanta CL-1 04/51 Navy & Marines 958th Ord. (S. Pac. Command) #14816 CASU-1 (1943/46) #12029 Tarn/Mekong VN) #28374 #10847 965th FA Bn. #23066 CASU-31: Hilo.Hawaii (WWII) #14517 N.I.O.T.C. (Vietnam 1969) #14846 USS Aucilla AO-56 Assn. #18676 995th FA Bn. (WWII) #10775 CASU-49 (1944/45) #18469 NAF Naha, Okinawa (1967/71) #21251 USS Aucilla. (AO-56) #301 10 999th Signal Serv. Co. (ETO 1944/45) CBMU-592 (WWII Eniwetok) #23060 NAS Banana River #18277 USS Aulick DD-569 #11243 #16652 Cruisers CL-1 To CL-13 #301 15 NAS Columbus, OH - (Including Marines) USS Aurelia AKA-23 #23089 1123rd MP Co. #12203 D-2 MEDICAL #15549 #18349 USS Austin LPD-4 (1964/Present) #23091 1257th Engr. (C) Bn. (WWII) #15981 DESRON-47: 9 Ships, 50th Aniv. (WWII) NAS Pensacola A&R shops (1943/46) USS Bache DD-470 #21176 1289th Engr. C Bn, Hq,A,B,C Co (WWII) #16040 #22728 USS Ballard AVD-10 #10385 #15920 Destroyer Escort Sailors Assn (DESA) NAS Sanford, FL (Navy & Marines) USS Barnes CVE-20 (Michigan Chapter) 1903rd Eng. Avn. Bn. (1950/53 Korea) #22869 #18251 #11520 #11386 Diesel School - University of Columbia, Mo Naval Mine Warfare Assn. #101 19 USS Barr APD (August 1945) #17192 1905th Engr. Avn. Bn. #15910 #14822 Naval Mine Warfare School-Yorktown USS Bataan CVL-29 (Air Grps. incl.) 2575th QM Trk. Co. (WWII) #16464 EPCER-850 #23110 Va.(1942-1958) #20282 #17516 3037th OBAM Co. #23097 Fleet Activities, Ryukyus (Okinawa Naval Opthamalic Spt. & Trng. Activity USS Batfish (SS310) 50th Anniversary! 3104th Sig. Serv. Bn., Co. B (ETO 1967/71) #20133 #12124 #28300

1944/45) #23096 Fleet Hospital 1 1 1 WWII #23023 Navy Armed Guard, SS Henry Failing USS Bayfield APA-33 #21 1 96 3116th Signal Service Bn #23154 Flying Midshipmen Assn - (1946-50) #23055 USS Beale DD/DDE-471 #18516 3169th MAM Ord. Co. #23049 #17513 Navy Scouts & Raiders (WWII) #17580 USS Belfast PF-35 #23037

3198th Sig. Serv. Bn. (China, India) GRO-PAC 6: Tinian Boat Pool (WW II NCS Kamiseya, NSG (1962/68) #28299 USS Belle Grove LSD-2 (50TH ANIV.) #12062 1944-46) #28356 NOB Guam/Saipan (PWC): CB Det. #17495 3405th Ord. MM Co. (formerly 67th Bn., A Harbor Clearance Unit 1 (Vietnam) (1953/54) #14875 USS Benewah APB-35/USS Tutulia ARG- Co.) -(WWII) #15655 #14608 NTS Farragut: Naval Trainees (Midwest 4 #11 135 3610th SCU, Percy Jones Gen.Hosp., HEDRON 15: 15th Fleet Air Wing (Port Region) #18110 USS Benner DD-807 #17867 Battle Creek #10709 Lyautey 1942/43) #12052 NTS Great Lakes: Co.1515-V12 (1944) USS Blessman DE-69/APD-48/UTD1 3792nd QM Trk Co #2091 LCI (G) #11491 #17541 Americal Div., FA Bn. #23074 422,442,558,559,560,561,564,565,566, NTS Sampson: Co. 324 (NY 1945) USS Block Island CVE-21/106 #28294 Army Boat Pool 14(Emirau)/Boat Pool 567,568,580,751,752 #11138 #11482 USS Blue DD-387/744 #10458 15(Manuslsland)/SLCU 18 #18001 LCI (G) 439 #17354 Operation Hi-Jump, South Pole USS Booth DE-170 (1943/45) #11556 ASA: 8604th Field Station, Eritrea LCI (G) GROUP 16 #14719 Expd.(1 945-46) #14634 USS Borum DE-790 #1 7400 (1953/56) #11286 LCI (L) 1-5,8-16,32,33,35,75,193,209,211- Patrol Craft Sailors Assn. #18507 USS Bountiful AH-9 (Incl. ASA: 8606th AAU Corrections Fid. Sta. 219,229,231,232,238 #11232 PBM Martin Mariner & P5M Martin Merlin Patients/Passengers) #18055 (1949/52) #18084 LCI (L) 445 #18602 Assn. (All Assignments) #21625 USS Bright DE-747 #10817 ASA: 8609th Fid. Sta. Assn. (Phillipines) LCI (L) 732 #17377 PC-1133 #14857 USS Brookings APA-140 #23156 #11623 LCI National Assn. (#1 thru #1098) PC-1228 (USS Munising) #17619 USS Brownson DD-868 #22646 ASA: 8610th Fid. Sta. (Kyoto, Japan #21615 PC-490 #17861 USS Bumper SS-333 #21 201 1951/53) #11748 LCT-962 (1944/45) #11945 PC-542 #18500 USS Bunch DE-694/APD-79 (& UDT-21) ASTP, Co. E (University of MN 1943/44) Lion Four/Navy 3205 #10007 PC-780 50th Anniv. #30081 #17713 #23101 LSM (R) 502 (1945/46) #14328 PC-802 #12017 USS Butte AE-27 #21410 Class 5, Engrs OCS, Ft. Belvoir (1951/52) LSM National Assn. #18552 PCE (R) 852 (WWII) #10086 USS Capricornus AKA-57 (WWII) #10489 #11492 LSM-110 #12010 Port Lyautey Alumni Assn. #17207 USS Casablanca CVE-55 (WWII) #28268 Coastal Artillery Command (All Installation LSM-289 #18333 River Assault Flot #1 #21 155 USS Cassin Young DD-793 #21121 Personnel) #28295 LSM-41 #23034 Riverine Inf. Vietnam #28372 USS Catskill LSV-1 #18305 III Corps Sig. Bn. #15324 LSM-420 (WWII) #23113 RTC Great Lakes: Boot Camp Co. 921 USS Charles Carroll APA-28 #1 7648 Inf. OCS Class-2, 51st OC Co. (Ft LSM-9 ASSN #22601 (Triple-Threat 1988) #11820 USS Charles Lawrence DE-53/APD-37 Benning, GA 1958) #23125 LST Assn of the U.S. (WWII To Present) RTC Great Lakes: Co. 640 (1945) #23120 #10408 MABBO HQ & HQ Co. #23063 #10756 SC-1341 (WWII) #21302 USS Chatelain DE-149 (WWII) #20518 Nahbollenbach QM Depot - (1951-56) LST Assn. (OH Chapter) #22727 SC-524 Casablanca/St. Tropez 1942/44 USS Chaumont AP-5 #17910 #15893 LST-1 148 #12009 #28315 Please turn page

APRIL 1993 39 1 1 1 1 5 **VETS**

USS Chemung AO-30 #18077 USS James Gillis AGS-13 #24037 USS Purdy DD-734 #17965 VC-42 #17319 USS Chicago CA-14/CA-29/CA-136/CG- USS Jenkins DD/DDE-447 #17561 USS Quapaw ATM 10 50th Anniv. Assn. VC-7 (1950-56) #23033 11/SSN-721 (Incl. Mar.) National Assn. USS John A. Bohle DD-755 (1949-55) #21242 VC/VF/VAW/VAQ-33 #22824 #11925 #22032 USS Rainier AE-5 #18272 VD-2 Photo Sq. #12047 USS Chicago CA-136 National Assn. USS John D. Henley DD-553 #18629 USS Raleigh CL-7 Assn. #17744 VF-33/VT-33 (WWII) #14628 #11926 USS John W. Weeks DD-701 (1944-69) USS Ramapo AD-12 (Officers & Men) VP-22 #14867 USS Chicago CG-11 National Assn. #17747 #17682 VP-26 (1966/68) #13781 #11927 USS Johnston DD-557 #17336 USS Randall APA-224 #1 1 1 44 VP/VPB-204 P.B.M. Sq. (Mariner WWII) USS Chicago SSN-721 National Assn. USS Josephus Daniels CG-27: 1st Div. USS Rapidan AO-18 #18513 #22744 #11928 Only (1989/90) #12060 USS Rasher SS 269 #17620 VPB-128 #23155

USS Chikaskia AO-54 (1943/69) #18533 USS Juneau Assn. (CL-52 CLAA-119 USS Rehoboth AVP-50 (WWII) #22540 VPB-20,(PPM Sq. 20 Mariners) (WW II USS Christopher DE-100 #14386 LPD-10) #21777 USS Rendova CVE-1 14 #30095 South Pacific) #28444 USS Clark DD-361 (1936/45) #18062 USS Jupiter AKA-47 (SLCU-26) #23025 USS Robert A. Owens DD/DDK/DDE-827 VPB-208 #21323

USS Clinton : Trans. Div. 72 #28428 USS Kalinin Bay CVE-68 & VC-3 #18465 #18137 VPB-21 (Dog 1 Pilots & Crew 1945) USS Coghlan DD-606 Assn. #10282 USS Karnes APA-175 #17670 USS Rockwall APA-230 #23070 #10549 USS Comfort AH-6 #10189 USS Kendrick DD-612 (WWII) #14333 USS Ross DD-563 #10747 VR-13 (1943/45) #28334 USS Converse DD-509 #17900 USS Kennebago AO-81 (WWII) #17775 USS Sabine AO-25 #17392 VR-22 NAS NORVA (1950-1956) #18291

USS Conyngham DD-371 #18563 USS Key DE-348 #17650 USS Saidor CVE-1 1 7 #22309 Y.T.M.-769 Vietnam 1969 #14847 USS Coos Bay AVP-25 (WWII 50th Aniv) USS Kity Hawk #14865 USS Saint Paul CA-73 #23045 Yangtze River Patrol Assn. #12157 #11590 USS Krishna ARL-38 #14849 USS Salvo Island CVE-78/VC-27 #28277 YMS-183 #23053 USS Core CVE-13 & VC-6/VC-1 3/VC- USS Lawrence C. Taylor DE-415 #21434 USS Samaritan AH-10 (Incl. patients/pas- YMS-286 #21638 36/VC-38 #18547 USS Laws DD-558 #21614 sengers) #17921 USS Cortland APA-75 (WWII) #17649 USS Leary DD 158, USS Schneck DD USS San Diego CL-53 #21282 USS Coucal ASR-8 & Divers (Pearl 159/AG 82 #21264 USS San Pablo AVP/AGS-30 #22038 Harbor 1952/54) #11479 USS Leedstown Assn. APA-56 #18353 USS Sands DD-243/APD-13 #18494 Air Force USS Craven DD 382 #17866 USS Leonard F. Mason DD-852 #18093 USS Santee CVE-29 & Air Groups (50th USS Currier DE-700 #11053 USS Leonard Wood APA-1 2 #20979 Anniv.) #18693 USS Damato DDE-871 #17520 USS Lexington CV-2 Club #18112 USS Satyr ARL-23 #11672 1st/69th Pilotless Bomber Sqs. #15188 USS Deimos AK-78 (WWII) #22794 USS Lexington CV-16 "Blue Ghost" Assn. USS Satyr ARL-23/USS Sphinx ARL- 3rd Air Div. SAC, Det. 1 #22821 USS Denebola AD-12 (Including Flag #18688 24/USS Krishna ARL-38/USS 3rd Hosp. Grp., 7510th Hospital - Divs.) #18392 USS Liscome Bay CVE-56 Survivors Askari/USS Tutuila #22978 (Wimpole Pk, England) #15058 USS Density AM-218 #21621 #18142 USS Saufley DD-465/DDE-465 (1946-66) 3rd Motor Transport Sq #1 2204 USS Dixie AD-14 (All Crews) #18306 USS Little DD-803/DD-79/APD 4 #17933 #17417 5th AF, 71st Tact. Recon. USS Donaldson DE-44 #28343 USS Little Rock CL-92/CLG-4/CG-4, Inc USS Saufley DD-465 DE-465 #17641 Grp./HQ/17th/25th/82nd/110th Sqs. USS Donnell DE-56 #14723 Marines #14607 USS Saytar ARL-23 #14850 #15082

USS Drew APA-1 62 #18574 USS Long Beach CGN-9 #1 1 534 USS Schuylkill AO-76 #17529 5th AF, 17th Recon. Grp., 71st Recon. Sq. USS Drexler DD-741 #18385 USS Longshaw DD-559 #17764 USS Sequatchie AOG-21 #17757 #22057 USS Dupage APA-41 (50th Year USS Lowe DER-325 (1967/68) #14415 USS Shaw DD-373 #18544 5th Comm. Sq./ 2869 (GEEIA Norton AFB Reunion!) #21950 USS Lowndes APA-1 54 #17452 USS Sibley APA-206 Assn #10420 1957/61) #11433 USS Dyess DD-880 (1968/70) #18287 USS Lowry DD-770 #23044 USS Smalley DD-565 (WWII/Korea) 5th Mobile Comm. Grp., Vehicle Dispatch USS Eichenberger DE-202 #20346 USS Lycoming APA-1 55 #23031 #17959 (Vietnam) #22562

USS Escambia AO-80 (WWII) #21414 USS Lyman K. Swenson DD-729 #18149 USS Snapper SS-1 85 #1 1 043 12th AF: 501st TAC Grp., 603rd AC&W USS Euryale AS-22 #10642 USS Lyman DE-302 #23152 USS Snewman DE-205/APD-59 #13777 Sq. (1948/65) #21076 USS Fanshaw Bay CVE-70 (Air Grps:VC- USS Makassar Strait CV-19 #23094 USS Soley DD-707 Assn. (All Years) 15th AF: 82nd Bomb Grp., 327th Bomb 10/VC-66A/C-68/VOC-2) #10461 USS Manlove DE-36 #17376 #18530 Sq. (1951/54) #11747 USS Floyds Bay AVP-40 #18442 USS Mansfield DD-728 #17615 USS Somers DD-381 (WWII) #18189 19th Air Base Grp., 19th Installation Sq. USS Flusser DD-368 Assn #23095 USS Mayo DD-422 #17862 USS Sphinx ARL-24 #14478 (Kadena 1953/55) #22663 USS Flying Fish SS-229 #10528 USS McCook DD-496/DMS-36 #18582 USS St Lo CVE-63 & VC-65 #1 731 27th Ftr. Escort Wing, Mtr. Pool USS Foote DD-511 Assn. #17700 USS McCord DD-534 (WWII) #22633 USS Starr AKA-67 (WWII) #14641 (Bergstrom AFB 1949/51) #30010 USS Franklin D. Roosevelt CV-42 + Air USS McDougal DD-358 #18611 USS Steamer Bay CVE-87 #301 1 35th Air Police Sq. (Japan 1951/55) Wings & Marines #17996 USS McGowan DD-678 (1943/60) #17624 USS Stephen Potter DD-538 #17310 #11497 USS Franks DD-554 #16150 USS McNulty DE-581 #20460 USS Stockton DD-646 #18241 40th Bomb Wing #12209 USS Frederick Funston APA-89 #10339 USS Measure AM-263 #17631 USS Stonewall Jackson SSBN-634 42nd Bomb Sq. WPAFB, B-52 Crew USS Fremont APA-44 #18378 USS Mellette AP-1 56 #23051 #23121 (1959-63) #14734

USS Gearing DD-710 #17383 USS Memphis CL-13 #30114 USS Stribling DD-867 #1 1 595 42nd Bomb Sq., B-52 Crews #23202 USS General W.A. Mann AP-112 Assn (All USS Meruine DD-489/DMS-31 (WWII) USS Suwannee CVE-27 #10931 58th Ftr Assn. Inc 58th Prst Grp WWII, Branches) #18559 #23087 USS Swenning DE-394 #18398 58th Ftr Wing Korea & Luke AFB

USS General H.W. Butner AP-1 1 3 #28306 USS Miller DD-535 Assn. #18017 USS Talladega APA-208 #18357 #22918 USS Genesee AOG-8 #21482 USS Mitchell DE-43 #17755 USS Taluga AO-62 (WWII) #10967 62nd TC Wing/Mil. Airlift Wing #15182 USS Gilbert Islands CVE-107 (& Mar. USS Moctobi ATF-105 #14885 USS Tennessee BB-43 #21362 71st Spec. Ops. Sq.: AC119 Shadow Det.) #18415 USS Monssen DD-798 #17420 USS Terror CM-5 #17396 #21641 USS Gillmore AS-16: Ship's Co. Assn. USS Monterey CVL-26 Assn. (Florida USS Thomason DE-203 #18297 75th Air Dpt. Wing #15053 (1944/80) #11774 GRP.) #18668 USS Titania AKA-13 #1 7736 76th ATS & 76th MAS #14035 USS Glacier AGB-4 (Deep Freeze USS Monticello AP-61/USS Europa AP- USSTombigbee AOG-11 #11919 79th Ftr. Grp., 86th Ftr. Intcp. Sq. 1960/61) #28436 177 Assn. (Incl. Mar. Det. 1942/46) USS Trathen DD-530 #17685 (Youngstown OH 1955/60) #23099 USS Grayson DD-435 #10237 #17678 USS Turner Joy DD-951 #22995 92nd Bomb Wing, 325th Bomb Sq. USS Guam LPH-9 Plank Owners Assn. USS Montpelier CL-57 Assn. West Coast USS Tuscaloosa CA-37 #14617 (1950/62) #11630 (1965/67) #11627 Chapter. #17788 USS Tutuila ARG-4 #17390 95th Bomb Wing (El Paso,TX/B-36s) USS Gulfport PF-20 (WWII) #21704 USS Mullany DD-528 #14603 USS Tyrell AKA-80, L Div. #14469 #30011 USS Gustafson DE-182 #20374 USS Nehenta Bay CVE-74 & VC-8, VC-1 USS U.S. Grant AP-29 #18642 97th Bomb Grp.(H), 414th Bomb Sq. USS Haggard DD-555 (WWII) #17528 #10636 USS Vincennes CA-44/CL-64/CG-49 #16947 USS HaileyDD-556 #18685 USS New Jersey BB-62 Veterans Inc. #18257 98th Bomb GrpVWing Assn. #10890 USS Hammondsport AKV-2 NBOW #30099 USS W.L. Lind DD-703 (All Personnel 155th Night PHOTO Recon Sq #10146 #28320 USS New York BB-34 (ALL HANDS 1944/74) #11850 306th AC & W (Korea) #20621 USS Hamner DD-718 #23093 1914/48) #18294 USS Wadleigh DD-689 (WWII/Korea) 310th Fighter-Bomber Sq (Korea) #24048 USS Hansford APA-1 06 Assn. #20390 USS Newport News CA-148 #18470 #18265 31 4th TCW/TAW #1 5009 USS Hanson DDR-832 #28390 USS Newport LST-1179 Decomissioning USS Waller DD/DDE-466 #1 751 315th Air Div., 483rd TC Wing, 316th TC USS Harding DD-625/DMS-28 #18205 #21706 USS Walter B. Cobb APD-106 (1945/57) Grp., 37th TC Sq. (Korea 1951/57) USS Harold C. Thomas DE-21 #23071 USS Niobrara AO-72 #1 1954 #18441 #23072 USS Harry E. Hubbard DD-748 #18226 USS Odum APD-71 #28314 USS Warren APA-53 #21470 315th Air Div., 483rd TC Wing, 314th TC USS Hawkins DD/DDR-873 #17949 USS Oklahoma BB-37 Assn #17830 USS Waukesha AKA-84 #18275 Grp., 62 TC Sq. (Korea 1951/57) USS Hayter DE-212/APD-80 #18623 USS Ordronaux DD-617 #17448 USS Whitney AD-4 #22631 #23073 USS Heermann DD-532 #20058 USS Osage LSV-3 WWII #22215 USS Wichita CA-45 #17838 320th Air Refueling Sq #10147 USS Henderson AP-1 #17909 USS Ozbourn DD-846 #22619 USS William M. Wood DD/DDR-715 (1947 321st Air Service Sq. #21495 USS Henrico APA-45 #1 7584 USS Pakana ATF-108 (WWII) #18049 To Present) #22233 395th Sig. Avn. Co. #30018 USSHoel DD-533 #21231 USS Palau CVE-122 (1947/49) #23027 USS Windham Bay CVE-92 #18608 405th Ftr. Bomber Grp.: TAC (Langley USS Hopping DE-155/APD-51 #17706 USS Patterson DD-392 #17704 USS Wisconsin BB-64 #18475 AFB 1952/58) #10551

USS Hugh Purvis DD-709 #18610 USS Pavlic APD-70 #18150 USS Wisconsin BB-64 : Mar. Det. 431st Ftr. Intercept Sq. #22054 USS Hugh W. Hadley DD-774 #17837 USS Pennsylvania BB-38 Assn (Commissioning 1944/45) #28367 460th Tac. Recon. Wing (Vietnam) #11742 USS Hughes DD-41 0 #2031 (Officers.Crew.Mar) #17778 USS Woodson DE-359 (WWII) #13780 478th Ftr. Intercept Grp., ADC (Gr.Forks USS Inch DE-146 Assn. #10790 USS Phantom AM-273 #14866 USS Wright AZ-1, AV-1, CVL-49, CC-2 AFB-1 958/65) #11499 USS Independence CVL-22 WWII #10874 USS Pocomoke AV-9 & PBY Squadrons #17890 483rd Tac. Airlift Wing (C7A Caribou- USS Indiana BB-58 Assn (Marines #20891 USS Yarnall DD-541 (1943/55) #18444 Vietnam) #20920 Included) #17525 USS Pondera APA-191 #17822 USS Yew YN-32 & AN-37 (WWII) #21708 485th Bomb Grp.(VH)/ 485th Bomb USS lndraARL-37 #14851 USS President Hayes APA-20 #17592 USS Yosemite AD-19 #17709 Grp.(H)/ 485th Tac. Msl. Wing. USS Intrepid CV-11, Elect. Div. Personnel USS Princeton CV-37/LPH-5 Assn #14689 VB-98 (1943/44) #12222 (1943/89) #20036 (1960/63) #14484 USS Pringle DD-477 #18684 VC-27 #11649 497th RTS #22082

40 THE AMERICAN LEGION **VETS**

552nd A/B AEW & Ctrl. Wing (EC-121 Staughton & Abbots Ripton ) #16861 451st Strat. Msl. Wing, 451st Bomb. (Iwo Jima Survivors: Hogan's Goats) Aircraft McClellan AFB 1955/75) #12105 8th AF: 25th Bomb Grp., Ren. Sp. (Former Grp.(H) Ltd. #16869 #11970 601ST TAC Con. Sq., Det. 6 802nd Ren Watton, England 1944/45) 454th Bomb Grp. (Italy WWII) #16889 5th Mar. Div., 26th Rgt., 2nd Bn., F Co. (Grafenwohr.Ger.) #1 1443 #16974 489th Bomb Group, 845th Sqd #1 1458 #16500 608th Acrft. Ctrl. Sq., Det. 2 (Cho'do, 8th AF: 2nd Air Div., 392nd Bomb Grp. 669th Mat. Sq. #22559 5th Rgt., 2nd Bn., E Co. (Korea) #23059 Korea) #12179 #14280 678th Bomb Sq. (CBI 1944) #12210 9th Rgt., 1st Bn., C CO. (WWII) #23047 751st AC&W Sq. (Port Hueneme, CA) 8th AF: 491st Bomb. Grp. #10574 821st Engr. Avn. Bn. #12208 12-8-7 Team Jungle Tactics #21370 #14011 8th AF: 492nd Bomb. Grp. (H) & 2nd ADA 831st Avn. Engr. Bn. #11483 12th Rgt., 3rd Bn. #22113 759th AC&W Sq, Ft. Stevens, Oregon (N.Pickenham.Eng. WWII) #21741 845th Engr. Avn. Bn. 26th Rgt., 1st Bn., A Co. (WWII) #1 1651 1950-51 #22856 8th AF: 453rd Bomb Grp., Crew Of B-24 (Africa, Italy, Corsica, France WWII) 27th Rgt., 3rd Bn. (Viet Nam) #23117 775th AC&W Sq. (1950/70) #28330 "Partial Payment" (Attleboro.Eng.) #11293 Air Base Grp. 2 #11865 864th AC&W Sq./4629th SAGE Sq., HQ, #30129 846th Aviation Bn #21547 All Marines & Persons Attached to Marine PHADS (1959-63) #22664 8th AF: 384th Bomb Grp. (WWII) #11870 926th Signal Bn. Sep. TAC (ETO WWII) Units #17210 877th AC&WSqdn. #11956 8th AF: 2006th Ord. Maint. Co. #12057 #10208 CAP Unit Assn. (Vietnam 1965/71) 2750th ABW Air Police #14031 8th AF: 40th Air Dpt. Grp. (Honington AFB, 929th Sig. Bn., 1717th Sig. Co. #22962 #21321 3502nd Recruiting Grp. #23019 Eng. WWII) #12211 931st Signal Bn. #16764 Chi Chi Jima Marines #21003 3721st BMT Grp., 3726th BMT Sq., Fit. 8th AF: 491st Bomb Grp. #23028 1209th AAF Base Unit (Central African FMF-PAC Drum & Bugle Team, All Yrs. 4618 (1949/50) #11704 8th AF: 364th Ftr. Grp. & Support units Div.) #21459 Assn. (HQ Co., Camp Smith HI) #12206 4080th Strat Recon Wing (ALL (Honington, Eng WWII) #23107 Air Commandos, 2nd(CBI)/3rd(SWPAC) HMM-1 65 #30085 SQUADRONS) #15190 8th AF: 2nd Air Div. #20977 Grps. (WWII) #16792 Mar. Det.: USS Kearsage CVA-33 #11502 7100th AP Sq. (USAFE-Wiesbaden, Ger. 9th AF XIX TAC 4th&6th Tac Air Comm Air Mech. Class 3-43 (Embry-Riddle Mar. Grd. Det., NAS Honolulu (Kee Hee 58/62) #21308 Sqdrns. #10604 Aviation) #23100 Lagoon 43/45) #23038 7505th USAF Hospital #21612 9th AF, 19th Tac. Air Cmnd., 4th & 6th Altus Army Airfield 50th Aniv. Assn. NAS Antigua: Mar. Det. (Leeward Islands 7507th Air Base Grp. (Fairford.Eng. 50/52) Tac. Air Sq. (WWII) #23115 #11943 1941/42) #14820 #11616 9th AF: 367th Ftr. Grp. (WWII) #15044 Avn. Cadet Class 44-G (Ca.Aero Acad. & Parris Island: Platoon 379 (Nov 1974) Aero Med. Evac. Assn. (Including Attched 9th AF: 316th TC Grp. #16952 MarfaTX) #11489 #21373 Units) #15134 9th AF: 1815th Ord. S&M Co. #10902 B-24/B-29 Muroc CA(WWII Vets) #16936 Subic Bay Survivors (1952-65) #23067 Air Force Gunners Assn. #15155 9th AF: 9th Serv. Grp., 485th Serv. Sq. Lackland AFB: Psych. Research & Exam. VMB-612-PBJ SQD. -WWII #17104 Air Forces Escape & Evasion Society #22505 Unit #11367 VMF-1 14 #23036 #15143 9th AF: 8th Photo Tech. Sq. (WWII) Muroc AAF Base, CA (421st AAFBU) VMSB-235 & VMSB-236 (WWII) #14332 Avn. 58-B/C/D #23052 #11553 #22754 VMSB-333 #14471 Boiling B-25 Bunch (Boiling AFB) #21441 9th Photo Recon. Sq. (C.B.I. WWII) Pilot Class 43-D (All Commands) #16822 War Dog Pilots (WWII) #23104 Glasgow AFB Assn. (NE Montana) #16917 Pilot Class 43-E Assn. (GCTC) #21979 #15046 10th AF, 7th Bomb Grp., 436th Bomb Sq. Pocatello AAF Base #16946 Nagoya-Komaki Assn. #23043 (CBI) #23029 Santa Anna Army Air Base #22755 North Carolina Air National Guard Pilots & 10th AF: Air Jungle Rescue (1943/45) Selman Air Field Historical Assn. Coast Guard Navigators #23079 #14321 (1942/46) #11764 Pilot Trng. Class 58-B-C-D (1956/57 12th AF: 421st/1710th Sig. Co. Bn.. Tonopah Army Air Field (1941/45 50th Government Island/Bay Area: CoastGuard #23118 (N.Afr., ETO 1943/45) #30012 Aniv.) #18708 Island (WWII) #11444 RAF Station Manston (All Units) #15161 12th College Trng. Det. #23109 Greenland Patrol (WWII All 45 Vessels) Ramey AFB High School (70'S ALUMNMI 13th AF, 5th Bomb Grp., WWII South #23112 ASSN.) #14018 Pacific #16912 LST-760 #21499 Schierstein Sleuth's (USAF Europe 13th AF, 905th Engr. Bn„ HQ Co. #14284 Marines St. Augustine FL Training Center (WWII) 1954/58) #23030 14th AF: 322nd TC Sq., 14th Trans. Sect. #30122 Sewart AFB: All Personnel (Smyrna, TN (1942/45) #16786 Campbell W-32 (WMEC-909 1948/70) #11922 14th AF: 308th Bomb Grp., 425th Bomb 1st Guard Co. (Norfolk/1943-44) #21652 USCGC Invited) #17059 Sq. #22111 1st Howitzer Bn. (155mm) #28418 Gresham WPG-85 #10001 20th AF: 311th Recon Wing, 3rd Photo 1st Mar. Div., 11th Rgt., 2nd Bn., E Btry. USCGC Atlantic Convoys Recon Sq. (WWII) #22117 (Korea) #17103 USCGC Modoc W-46: N. (1941/45) #17036 24th Air Depot #11 790 1st Mar. Div., 1st Rgt., 3rd Bn., G Co. Army Air Force USCGC Papaw W-308 (CG) #1 1604 27th ATG Assn., 31 0th/31 1 th/31 2th #20102 Sweetgum W-309 #10559 Ferrying Sqs. (ETO WWII) #16857 1st Mar. Div., 5th Rgt., Hq. & Serv. Co. USCGC Aquarius AKA-16 #17018 1st Ftr. Grp., 94th Ftr. Sq. (WWII) #16794 34th Air Dpt. Grp. (WWII) #16816 #11741 USS USS Belfast PF-35 #10495 1st Ftr. Control Sq. #16916 44th Bomb Wing, 44th Bomb Grp. (WWII) 1st Mar. Div., 5th Rgt., 1st Bn., C Co. Durant 1st Tow Target Sq. #22358 #15180 (WWII) #11966 USS DE/DER-389/WDE-489 (WWII) #10824 2nd AAFRU(F) Aircraft Repair Unit 47th Air Depot Grp. (WWII) #20494 1st Mar. Div., 1st Rgt., 2nd Bn. (Vietnam USS Gloucester PF-22 #11463 (Floating) #12006 49th Prst. Ftr./Ftr. Intcpt. Sq. #20226 Era 1965/71) #14799 USSGroton PF-29 #14315 2nd BAD Assn. #16987 51st TC Wing HQ (WWII) #16812 1 st MAW Assn. (Vietnam) #1 1 765 Lowe DER-325 #21731 2nd Ferrying Grp./2nd Foreign Trans. Grp. 52nd Air Serv. Grp., 86th/72nd Air Serv. 1st MAW Assn.: Mtn. States USS (1967/68) (WWII) #17006 Sqs. (CBI WWII 1943/46) #16809 (AZ/CO/ID/MT/NM/UT/WY) Vietnam 2nd Photo Mapping Sq. #20985 56th Ftr. Grp. All Sq. & Spt. Grp. (1941 to Chapt. #10932 4th AF Training-B-32s, Ft Worth (1945) Present) #15072 1ST MAW, MACS-8 (1961/65) #23077 #20462 68th Air Serv. Grp. (China WWII) #16894 1st Rgt., 3rd Bn., "Mike" Co. (Vietnam Merch. Marine 4th Air Depot Grp. #16975 73rd Bomb Wing, Assn, B-29 Grps., 1967/68) #20660 4th Ferry Grp., ATC: Nashville & Memphis Assigned Units/Saipan - (WWII) #17001 2nd Mar. Div., 2nd Med. Bn., D Co. (WWII) SS Bunker Hill (Tanker) 1942-44 #22597 (WWII) #16811 81st Ftr Sq. (WWII) #16872 #23075 SS James Jackson #1 1894 5th AF, 69th Serv. Sq. #15054 86th Depot Support Sq (Guam/1945) 2nd MAW: Spec. Weapons Deliv. Unit 2 SS John Marshall (Liberty Ship 1945) 5th AF, 314th Comp. Wing, HQ & HQ Sqs. #32870 (SWDU-2 Chry.Pnt.,NC 1950/53) #11873 #16841 86th Ftr. Grp., 525th/526/527 Ftr Sq #11991 SS Lounsdale (Liberty Ship WWII) #1 1895 5th AF, 433rd TC Grp., 69th TC Sq. (WWII) #16795 2nd Rgt., 5th Bn., Fox Co. (Vietnam) (1942/45) #22796 87th Air Grp. (1944/45) #11972 #22963 5th AF: 1st Ftr. Cntrl. Sq. #14000 97th Bomb Grp., (H) #23062 3rd Amph. Trac. Bn. (WWII) #17083 5th AF: 5th Bomber Command (VBC) 274th AAF Base Unit: Herington KS Assn. 3rd Mar. Div.: 9th Rgt., 1st Bn., C Miscellaneous #22706 (WWII) #11639 Co.(1942-45) #11011 5th AF: SWPA, Hq. & Hq. Sq. 301st Air Serv. Grp. (CBI) #15079 3rd Mar. Div.: Disbursing Office, FMF (Australia.New Guinea 1943/44) #30131 310th Airdrome Sq. (CBI) #21756 #14330 8007th/8013th AFRS (Kyushu.Kokura- 5th AF: 8th Grp., 35th Ftr. Sq. #22984 313th Bomb Wing (VH), 6th Bomb Grp. 3rd Mar. Amph (Combined Action Japan) #11505 5th Bomb Grp. (H) Assn. (WWII) #1 1647 (Tinian) #15138 Program) #21619 American Defenders of Bataan & 5th Emerg. Air/Sea Resc. Sq. (Goxhill 316th Trp. Carrier Sq. #14286 3rd Mar. Div.: 3rd Rgt., 3rd Bn., I Co. Corregidor #17303 1943/45) #21721 318th TC Sq., 343rd A.D. Sq. #16962 (1968) #11879 Anzio Beachhead Vets (WWII) #17275 5th Flight: Augustana College IL (1943) 323rd Bomb Grp., 454th Bomb Sq. (WWII) 3rd Rgt., 2nd Bn., Foxtrot Co. (Operation Dakota (Navy.Marines, Coast Guard) Bull #11225 #10308 Beacon Star April/May 1967) #23057 Session IV #21683 6th AF: 687th Sig. A.W. Bn. (Panama 333rd Ftr. Sq. #10218 4th Marines., 3rd. Bn. (1925/88) #22307 DINFOS BJC (1988/89)(AII Branches)

WWII) #11461 343rd Ftr. Sq. (England WWII) #16923 4th Rgt., 3rd Bn., I Co. (Vietnam 1968/69) #11821 7th AF, HQ & HQ Sq. (PTO WWII) #20455 346th Bomb Grp., 462nd Bomb Sq. #11554 Lajes Field: Azores Isl. (1940s/1950s) 7th AF: 19th TC Sq. Southern Cross #22569 5th Field/Service Depot (Guam WWII) #11237 Airwys Assn. (WWII) #16852 379th Air Serv. (Grp. 8), 640 Air Materiel #17186 LZ Bluegrass Inc (All Vietnam Vets) 7th AF: 568th Sig. Air Wing Bn. #10699 Sq. (Eng. WWII) #21645 5th Mar. Div., 27th Rgt., 1st Bn„ HQ Co., #28432 7th AF: 41st Bomb Grp., 820th Bomb Sq. 394th Bomb Grp., 586th Bomb Sq. #14274 81mm Ptn. (1/27 Iwo Jima WWII) Native American Inter-National Veterans (WWII) #16958 394th Bomb Grp., 587th Bomb Sq. (WWII) #17093 PowWow (WWI Thru Persian Gulf) 7th AF: 494th Bomb (H) Grp. #20847 #12032 5th Mar. Div., MP Co. (WWII) #17224 #44444 7th AF: 13th Serv. Grp., 489th Serv. Sq. 399th Bomb Grp. (H) #10553 5th Mar. Div., 26th Rgt. (WWII) #20501 Normandy Landing 50th Annv. (Somerset, #22668 417th Bomb Grp. (L) #23064 5th Mar. Div. Assn. #21033 Eng. 1944 WWII) #23103 7th AF: 580th Sig. Air Wing Bn. #1 1960 426th Base Squadron #22789 5th Mar. Div., Signal Cos. (WWII) #30004 Operation Olympic/Coronet (Army/Navy- 8th AF: 493rd Bomb. Grp. Memorial Assn. 435th Bomb Sq.: B-29 (Okinawa WWII) 5th Mar. Div., 26th Rgt., 1st Bn., Co. A WWII) #30014 #10850 #21519 (WWII) #30008 Pearl Harbor Survivors Assn. (All 1942 8th AF: 2nd SAD (Strat. Air Dpt. Little 437th Sig. Con. Bn. #15207 5th Mar. Div.: 27th Rgt., 1st Bn., A Co. Men & Women Vets) #17288

APRIL 1993 41 As a political policy, containment proved exceptionally effective. As Missing A WINNING WARS diplomat George Kennan had prophe- j Continuedfrom page 23 sied in his famous 1946 "long tele- Buddy From gram" from Moscow, turning the Sovi- et Union back on itself allowed the con- The Military? tradictions inherent in Marxist-Lenin-

j United States, the objective in the Gulf ist doctrine to destroy communism War reverted to World War II standards. from within. And in the the Lost friends want to hear ! course of "Our strategy to go after [the Iraqi] next four decades that is exactly what from you. For help finding i Army is very, very simple," Army Gen. occurred. them, call Find People Fast. j Colin L, Powell, the Chairman of the But in military terms, the policy of We'll search our 150 million j Joint Chiefs of Staff, told the nation. containment had unforeseen side ef-

listings and provide matching ! "First we're going to cut it off, and then fects: It changed U.S. military strategy names, addresses and listed we're going to kill it." from the offensive to the defensive. Bat-

j phones. Most searches cost just It was a course of action Gen. tlefield victory became impossible. No J George Patton would have understood matter how well soldiers fight, the best $19.50. No match? No charge. ! and approved. result attainable from a defensive pos-

And for every paid search by ! "Through offensive action," states ture is a stalemate. And that's what hap- a veteran we'll make a donation the 1941 edition of FM 100-5, "a com- pened in both Korea and Vietnam j to the National Coalition for mander exercises his initiative, pre- where, following the stalemates, years j Homeless Veterans. serves his freedom of action, and im- of peace negotiations took place. \ poses his will on the enemy." Not gen- Call Find People Fast toll- ! erally understood is the fact that offen- BOTH Korea and Vietnam, public free now. Dial 1-800-829-1807. j sive action at the strategic level was INsupport evaporated during these pro- never an option in the Korean or Viet- longed negotiations. What the Amer- nam wars. ican people wanted was a clear-cut res-

In November 1950, with the inter- olution on the order of World War II. vention of Chinese communist forces In military terms, that's what they in the Korean War, U.S. national policy got in the Persian Gulf. With the end of changed from "rollback and libera- the Cold War, came the end of contain- tion," the policy with which we fought ment. Rollback and liberation became

World War II, to "containment." national policy again and strategic offense became the American way to wage war once more. Special Get-acquainted offer... Although some may argue that the political results in the Gulf were less TWO SILVER CLASSICS favorable than those achieved by the un- ACT NOW & SAVE OVER 50% conditional surrender of World War II, there is no denying that the enemy's % v In 1916 a German immigrant named Adolph / forces were again decisively destroyed Weinman designed two U.S. coins which reflected "\ the field of battle. / ; J on the new American spirit. These coins - the One reason for the overwhelming j J "Mercury" Dime and the Liberty Walking Half \ Gulf victory is that for the first time Dollar- were so beautiful the> instantly became \ / since World War II the United States Collector Favorites! \ _ y was able to focus its military power. Giant Savings For You _\ - - "Concentration of superior forces, both You can now own of these .900 Silver Classics BOTH on the ground and in the air, at the de- for only $5 - and save over off our regular catalog price 50% of 810.95! You'll cisive place and time and their employ- also receive our fulh -illustrated catalog, plus other offers on ment in a decisive direction creates the approval. This is a limited introductory- offer - please, three conditions essential to victory," the sets to a customer at tins special low price. Act now' Army field manual reads in part. Littleton Coin Company Such concentration was never possi- Friendly Service to Collectors Since 1945 ©LCC ble in either Korea or Vietnam. Believ- ing the main attack was going to come Mercury Dime Liberty Walking Half & in Europe and that Korea was merely a Regularly $10.95 Now Only $5.00 per set (limit 3) diversion, the United States actually Send coupon with payment to: No of sets x$5 00- Littleton Coin Co. sent more troops to Europe to bolster Dept. LMM125, Littleton, NH 03561 shipping & handling $ LOO its NATO defenses than it did to fight Check or Money Order Enclosed the shooting war in Korea. Total enclosed S MasterCard American Express Discove During the Vietnam War, sizable Card No. Exp. Date 1 ~ ' 45 Day Money-Back portions of the American military ei-

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Address Bldg # Apt# flict there.

City State ZIP As Henry Kissinger observed: "We had entered the Korean War be-

THE AMERICAN LEGION . .

cause we were afraid that to fail to do 9th Air Force, Marines of the 1st Ma- so would produce a much greater dan- rine Expeditionary Force and sailors of LIFE MEMBERSHIPS ger in Europe in the near future. But the U.S. Seventh Fleet. Life Membership notices are published for Legion- it all then the very reluctance to face an all- Pulling together was General naires who have been awarded Life Memberships by their out onslaught in Europe severely cir- H. Norman Schwarzkopf. Unlike Viet- posts. Life membership notices must be submitted on official cumscribed the risks we were prepared nam, which was run from Pacific Com- forms which may be obtained by sending a self-addressed, to run to prevail in Korea.. mand headquarters in Honolulu, 6,000 stamped envelope to: Life Memberships, The American Legion Magazine, P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206 "Ten years later we encountered the miles from the front, Schwarzkopf, like same dilemma in Vietnam. Once more Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower before him Beverly Brown (1991) Post 126, Jensen Beach, FL Russell A. Kelley (1987), Howard R. Harper, Richard we became involved because we con- in the World War II European Theater Ogden, Robert V. Stocker (1992) Post 407, sidered the warfare in Indochina the of Operations, was the commander of Unionville, IA John A. Clark (1992) Post 44, Oakley, ID manifestation of a coordinated global the Kuwaiti Theater of Operations. Like Donald G. Gunderson (1992) Post 124, Albion, ID communist strategy. Again we sought Eisenhower, he worked in cooperation M. Jack Tomashiro, John J. Vitello, Joseph Wagner, Albert G. Waldman (1993) Post 47, Chicago, IL to limit our risks because the very glob- with the commanders of the more than Walter Van Dewoestyne (1990) Post 724, Atkinson, IL al challenge of which Indochina 200,000 allied troops in the Gulf to ob- William J. Kirr, William C. Preston Jr. (1991), Edward A. Fisher, William "Marty" Justis IV (1992) Post 180, seemed to be a part also made Vietnam tain unity of battlefield effort. Rosedale, MD appear as an unprofitable place for a The doctrines World War II veterans Arthur J. Bilodeau, D.E. O'Donnell, Donald K. Powers, Donald H. Storr (1992) Post 2, Augusta, ME showdown." tested and proved on the battlefield Lorenz Brocker, Joseph LaClaff, Ludwig Torzewski, In the Gulf War, concentration of brought us victory in the Gulf. That Edward L. Wilmers (1919), Albert Walz, Eldon Waterloo (1979), John Wadsworth (1980), Bernard forces once again became a battlefield victory reminds us that strategic offen- Williams (1983), JohnShepherd (1985) Post 16, option. For example, the U.S. VII sive and concentration are as equally Lapeer, Ml Ollie Rusch (1992) Post 186, St. Louis, MO Corps—with its 1st and 3rd Armored important today as they were 52 years Stentz Badgett (1992) Post 123, Mount Airy, NC Divisions —was rushed to the Gulf ago. Charles N. Diorio, Robert B. Pitkin, August P. Wilkens, William F. Winkleman, George V. Winter (1985), John from the NATO Central Front where it The May 22, 1941 edition of Army J. Diemer, Edward S. Tawczynski (1986), Stephen D. had been poised for decades to deter Field Manual 100-5 may very well tell Ayers, George A. Murphy, John E. Sirube (1987), Claire R. Burr, Allen R. Hill (1989) Post 1, Leonia, NJ Soviet aggression in Europe. us why: Vreeland Compton, Roy S. Hellman, Lawrence Nahama, Stephen Poppy, Vito W. Rispoli Post Similarly, the demise of the Soviet "Man is the fundamental instrument (1992) military threat allowed concentration of of war; other instruments may change Robert D. Dawson, Ronald C. Hlggins, Robert A. air and sea forces. "No one arm wins but he remains relatively constant. In McTarnaghan, John V. Mistretta (1992) Post 87, Dansville, NY battles," says the 1941 Army manual. spite of the advances in technology, the Harry T. Lane (1992) Post 1574, Thornwood, NY Gardner P. Brown, Vernon J. Decker Post Besides the soldiers of the Third Army, worth of the individual man is still (1992) 186, Lebanon, OH the battle was waged by airmen of the decisive." Elmer J. Wright (1991) Post 60, Norfolk, VA

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APRIL 1993 43 OPERATION DOCTORS DEFEND SURGERY PRACTICES Continuedfrom page 16

Continuedfrom page 17 • As an intermediate step along to keep hope alive," says medical au- the road to a bypass, heart specialists thor Dr. Eugene Robin. "This is far are placing increasing faith in balloon Canadian study, a whopping 59 percent less true today. As physicians become angioplasty, a less risky procedure in were labeled questionable or downright more candid, more patients are choos- which arterial deposits are simply worthless. "Women end up having their ing to forgo surgery and live out the compressed into the sides of existing uteruses lopped out for reasons as flim- natural course of their lives." coronary vessels. sy as low-back pain," says Dr. Donald Like many of his enlightened In fact, growing numbers of cardi- Vickery, founder of the Virginia-based peers, Robin supports using the ologists advocate a coordinated regi- Center for Corporate Health Promo- strongest painkillers required to men of diet, exercise and drug therapy tion. maintain a constant level of comfort before surgical intervention of any Overall, 25 percent of America's until death. "This allows a person to kind is considered. women enter menopause through live and die in relative peace, pain- Overall, the modest trends men- surgery. Post-menopausal women have free and in comfortable surroundings, tioned above should snowball as re- higher risks for heart attack, stroke, os- as opposed to a hospital ICU at up- turns from the world of outcomes re- teoporosis and nervous disorders. wards of $3,000 a day." search continue to file in. - S.S. • Coronary bypass surgery. This procedure to replace clogged heart arteries with new, unobstructed grafts cedures "unnecessary or ineffective." another 20 percent require repeat by- from legs or the chest wall is described More damning yet is an analysis by passes within five to seven years. as a "cottage industry" by pioneering Harvard Medical School physicians. Then there is the sobering risk of the outcomes researcher Dr. John Eighty-eight patients who were referred procedure itself. Currently, about 4,000 Wennberg of the Dartmouth School of for bypasses by other doctors were re- out of every 100,000 bypass patients Medicine. While many patients credit evaluated by the university's own cardi- fail to leave the operating room alive. the operation for giving them "new ology staff. Only 14 of the 88 were What's more, the quoted 4 percent life," the statistics simply don't support deemed to need the surgery. mortality rate considers only deaths such plaudits. Outcomes-research surveys demon- that occur on the table or immediately A RAND Corporation study has la- strate that many bypass patients go on thereafter. For example, bypass death beled as much as 44 percent of the pro- to suffer heart attacks anyway, while rates do not reflect cases in which a fatal blood clot develops within a week or two of surgery - "a not uncommon oc- currence," says Dr. Vickery of the Cen- Revolutionary ter for Corporate Health Promotion. Extensive data on these so-called "sec- TRIMMER ON WHEELS! ondary mortalities" is now being com- piled by outcomes researchers. SO MUCH EASIER to use than hand-held But the worst news is for patients trimmers! Also MOWS everything from whole lawns who undergo their bypasses at hospitals

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- it for use with riding mowers for finish-up trimming and . cent so "if you absolutely must have mowing... and for ALL trimming and mowing around done, make sure you're in a facility that vacation homes, hunting camps, etc. does a lot of them," Dartmouth's Wennberg advises. "Your machine is all you say it is. 75% quicker than a hand-held • trimmer because ofthe extra power and heavier cord that enables me Carotid endarterectomy. This to wade right thru heavy grass and weeds. There is NO heavy load to surgery ranks among medicine's swing back andforth tiring your arms and shoulders. It makes weed " fastest-growing and most controversial wacking 'duck soup'! procedures. Through endarterectomy, - Tom Lawrence, Somerville, NJ clogged neck arteries are reamed out to SO, WHY HASSLE provide improved blood flow to the with hand-held trimmers or brain, thus theoretically preventing or small-wheels mowers? Please deferring a stroke in patients with per- mail coupon below TODAY sistent light-headedness, blurred vision, for FREE DETAILS about slurred speech or other symptoms of the Revolutionary DR® reduced oxygen supply. TRIMMER/MOWER! Endarterectomy's sudden popularity - - YES! Please rush complete FREE 80,000 in 1991 belies its question- I DETAILS of the Revolutionary DR® able efficacy. Autopsy results appear to I TRIMMER/MOWER including prices I show that the surgery has a l-in-5 and specifications of Manual and I chance of causing a stroke - if not imme-

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44 THE AMERICAN LEGION cedure's use after routine screening of prevent cancer from happening, or arterial deposits, which then enter the patients without the chronic symptoms. finding it before it spreads. The best bloodstream and cause blockages in Often a physician recommends the way to cure cancer is never to get it." smaller blood vessels. Even the heart surgery merely on the basis of an annu- • Angiography. Though strictly muscle can be irritated by the catheter. al physical that includes a sonographic speaking, not a surgery, angiography is Each year, the 1 million angiograms test. In the test, sonar-like equipment is an invasive technique in which a tiny performed nationwide result in the used to detect the sounds normally as- hollow filament, known as a catheter, is deaths of 4,500 Americans - and also sociated with constricted blood flow threaded into the heart and its arteries. cause the deaths of an indeterminate through the neck. Its risks are serious. The walls of number of others at a later date, since However, because the risk of stroke healthy blood vessels may be nicked, arterial damage can take years to reach in a patient without the obvious symp- causing blood clots or arterial disease its terminal stages. toms is slight, researchers believe the where none existed before. The catheter For such reasons, Dr. Eugene Robin, cure may be worse than the disease - may dislodge tiny bits of accumulated Please turn page especially since carotid problems are now being treated effectively with aspirin and other drugs. • Prostate removal. There are cer- Sleep On Air Cushion Comfort tain severe conditions in which prostate surgery is essential. However, benign • Research shows 94% of back pain

1 prostate hypertrophy (BPH) - the most Adjust Firmness sufferers report Select Comfort gives to Fit Your common cause of the organ's removal them the back support they need Exact Needs. to get a better night's sleep. in men over 60 - is not one of them. Scientists have found "no evidence that patients with BPH live longer or better if they're operated on to prevent development of bladder or kidney ob- struction," says Dartmouth's Wennberg. This is important to know because the incidental effects of the surgery include Unique incontinence, impotence and dimin- air-cushion design contours to your ished heart performance. body, providing superior back • Radical mastectomy. This highly support and comfort. deforming surgery involves removing the breast, surrounding tissue and Revolutionary Air Support System. lymph nodes. Not long ago, it was the Select Comforfs unique air support Adjust Your Side Separately. only option for a whose breast woman system lets you control the feel and Inside the mattress are two air biopsy showed even the tiniest number firmness of your bed— simply by chambers. You can adjust your own side of cancer cells. Though mastectomy's pushing a button. Your mattress can be independently. With Select Comfort, overall use has declined, it remains firmer than the firmest innerspring or you satisfy your own needs without popular among old-line subscribers to softer than the softest feather bed- compromise. the "better-safe-than-sorry" school of helping you sleep more comfortably, reducing pain Try Risk-Free for 90 Nights. medicine. back and muscle aches, and providing true support. Change the Sleep on a Select Comfort for Major studies at the Harvard School firmness whenever you like to meet 90 nights. If you are not completely of Public Health and the National Insti- your exact preference. satisfied, return it for a full refund. tutes of Health confirm that radical mastectomy provides no better long- Variable Firmness = Great Sleep. Discover why 96% of Select Comfort users recommend it to their family term results than lumpectomy, the sim- You control the firmness of your bed- and friends. ple - and far less deforming - removal simply by pushing a button. Change the firmness like. "I am a doctor and often come home exhausted. of the suspected lesion itself. as often as you Make your mattress hard as a board, or soft as This mattress is the most comfortable I've tried!' • Almost any surgery for advanced a feather bed. The choice is yours. Dr. Connie Horn, M.D., Clarksville, OH cancer. Chances are poor that patients "The best mattress I've seen in respect to total with advanced cancers, especially body and especially spine support." those affecting internal organs, will Dr. W. F. Lenz, Mankato, MN survive for five years after diagnosis. "For the first time in years, we wake up without Indeed, surgery sometimes shortens aches and pains and Iwve more energy!" a cancer patient's life by further weak- Mr. Mrs. Dennis Clevenger, Lawrenceville, GA Select Comfort provides proper back support and & already ening an weakened body, over- contours to your body, distributing weight evenly. taxing the immune system or spreading Call now the disease itself. And the time during for your FREE VIDEO which the patient does survive is apt to and FREE Brochure be a less-than-fulfilling existence: full 1-800-831-1211 of pain, toxic medication and anguish. Innerspring mattresses create pressure points and uneven support Q f> According to Dan Nixon, vice president of the American Cancer Society, "Given the uncertainties about the sur- ^aa^»- J I ^_ , I 9301 75th Ave. N. Dept. 135913 gical end, our emphasis is moving in- Waterbeds rely on displacement and can cause a Minneapolis, MN 55428 effect" bending your spine unnaturally. creasingly toward public education to © Select Comfort Corp. 1993 Dept 1 359

APRIL 1993 45 .. 8 !

ran scared. If they got into the labor OPERATION room and the delivery started to look LEARN VCR anything but routine, they went with the Continuedfrom page 45 C-section." Cleaning/Maintenance/Repair The '70s saw the widespread debut Earn up to $1000 a Week, Working of fetal monitoring. The problem was, Part Time from Your Own Home! "doctors had no experience in inter- author of Matters of Life and Death, preting data provided by the monitor," Secrets Revealed! . . nominates angiography as the greatest says Dartmouth Medical School's NO Special irony in contemporary medicine. "I Wennberg. "Confronted with a seem- Tools or sometimes wonder how people ingly suspicious readout, they'd panic Equipment many eventually have to have bypass surgery and do a Cesarean." Needed . . because of angiograms." While delivery via C-section may be Train at Home • Cesarean delivery, or "C-sec- safer for the baby, it is less so for the in Your Spare tion," was originally intended as a mother. The likelihood of infection is i Time! means of removing a living fetus from far greater in a Cesarean, and the over- IF you are able to work with common small hand all tools. IF you possess average mechanical ability, a dead or dying mother. By the mid- risk of mortality or major complica-

and have a VCR on which to p ractice and learn. . .then 1970s, however, nearly one out of every tions is threefold that of vaginal birth. we can teach YOU VCR Maintenance and Repair! five births were by C-section. Reasons * Tonsillectomy and adenoidecto- FACT: Up to 90% of all VCR malfunctions are due given are to simple Mechanical or Electro-Mechanical break- range from insufficient size of my. They stunning proof of the downs! the birth canal to awkward fetal posi- force of habit. "We do them," says FACT: Over 86 million VCRs in use nationwide! tioning. medical researcher Eddy, "because Ave rage VC R needs se rvice o r re pai r eve ry 1 2 to 1 The proliferation of C-sections is a we've always done them, period." The months! classic related procedures For FREE Information Package! instance of the familiar "ounce are performed to Send coupon to: Foley-Belsaw Institute of VCR Repair, of prevention" mentality gone wild. An the tune of perhaps 1 million per year. Dept. 62007, 6301 Equitable Rd„ Kansas City, MO64120 estimated third of them are performed And yet not one study exists that n§™r

I Name _ of infant health problems allegedly these surgeries are most often pre- linked to the use of forceps and the scribed. Meanwhile, there is evidence | Address like," explains Dr. David Eddy, noted that removal of the tonsils too early in City | _ researcher and consultant to Kaiser- life renders a child more vulnerable to State | _ Permanente Health Plan. "Obstetricians chronic throat or respiratory infection.

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Jet 52 65.00 36.00 45% U.S. News 81 World Report 38 95.00 19.96 79% Klpllnger's Personal Finance 12 30.00 17.97 40% Vanity Fair 12 36.00 14.97 58% information makes its way more and Ladles' Home Journal 12 23.40 12.00 49% Vogue 12 36.00 28.00 22% more into the hands of practitioners, we Mademoiselle 12 30 00 15.00 50% Woman's Day 17 16.83 15.97 5% can expect very real changes in our Box 669, Bethel Park, PA 15102 (412) 831-3859 I the spec- Make check payable to Groi\p Discounts. For a renewal, copy name exactly from current therapeutic approach to broad \ mailing label or attach label to this form. Allow up to 14 weeks for delivery. trum of medical conditions." Magazine lew Amount As for the doctors themselves, Eddy says his colleagues would be well-ad- vised never to forget the highest priori- _Address_ ty of medicine, as expressed by the an- City.. .State - - first, ANIL Offer Ends August cients primum non nocere do | no harm.

46 THE AMERICAN LEGION years in a denial stage with their ly been reluctant to approach VA," says VET CENTERS PTSD," Miracle says. "Most used work Linda Watson, a registered nurse and a as their focus to keep their memories specialist in female veteran problems at Continuedfrom page 30. and intrusive thoughts at bay." the Vet Center in Casper, Wyo.

He says that when many World War "Until just recently, women found it II and Korean War veterans retire and almost impossible to get a service-con- have plenty of time on their hands, bad nected rating from VA for PTSD," Wat- combat veterans. Based on detailed memories of their wars —buried for son says. Most military women served questionnaires and personal interviews, years —often begin to surface. in the nursing corps and were consid- the research group concluded that ap- The problem is, by law, Vet Centers ered non-combatants by VA, which proximately 480,000 Vietnam veterans cannot counsel World War II or Korean hurt their chances of a PTSD diagnosis, are PTSD victims. The study also re- veterans. All they can do is refer them she says. She says nurses —since they vealed that an additional 11 percent to VA or social services. Team leaders were trained to care for others —often have some of the PTSD symptoms. expect the number of WWII inquiries do not seek help because they are frus- Given these figures, says Blank, "I to continue to climb. trated and embarrassed when they can- do not believe we overdiagnose PTSD." not take care of their own problems. another group is showing up on Because of the Gulf War, VA became What Vet Centers say is PTSD, how- STILL ever, is not the same PTSD diagnosis Vet Center doorsteps. "We are see- more aware of the special needs of used by VA to determine service-con- ing problems developing in the ac- women veterans and added 34 female nected disability. tive-duty community," says Miracle. counselors at Vet Centers. VA also There are 18 basic indicators used by Downsizing of the military, he says, is added programs for American Indians VA to determine a service-connected creating stress among those who fear who are Vietnam veterans. PTSD rating. The veteran must match they will be forced out of the service. Vet Centers have already helped at least seven of those items before he is The Legion's own experts agree with thousands of veterans and their fami- eligible for service-connected disabili- Miracle's assessment. Many Legion lies, but the sad part is there are thou- ty. On the other hand, Vet Centers may Service Officers report seeing increas- sands more like Jim who don't know provide PTSD treatment based on only es in divorce, family abuse and other about them yet. one or two indicators. problems among active-duty families. "If it hadn't been for friends telling According to many Vet Center team A group who has been ignored for me about the Vet Center, I truly believe leaders, outreach and referrals are the years —women veterans — also are I would have committed murder," says keys to helping PTSD sufferers. showing up more and more at Vet Cen- Jim. "They saved my career, and my ' According to Idaho's Mike Miracle, ters. "Female veterans have traditional- life." the Vet Centers often recommend a veteran to VA or to American Legion Department Service Officers (DSOs) when the veteran seems to meet VA re- quirements for service-connected PTSD. DSOs, in turn, sometimes refer Travel to another county veterans to the Vet Center. Methods used by Vet Centers to reach veterans vary. In Mississippi, without getting jet lag. newsletters and flyers have proved effective. In Idaho, Miracle and his staff often address school groups and alert employers about the problems of PTSD and how to spot warning signs. "Each Vet Center is different," says Dr. Blank. "Their focus varies, depend- ing on the community. Some in de- pressed economic areas concentrate on finding work or vocational training. The community dictates the types of cases the centers handle." "Outreach is often limited by the number of veterans we are physically |^™Come to a country a little closer to home. Texas. For yourfree 264-page Texas able to see," says Indianapolis' Davis. Travel Book, CQU 1-800-8888-TEX. Or simply send in this coupon. She said that many Vietnam veterans I Name have reached mid-life and are just now Address beginning to experience problems that | they've successfully kept buried for 20 I City _State_ .Zip_ years. Desert Storm veterans also are Phone. coming to the centers in larger num- Mail to Texas; Dept. 5YAR3; PO. Box 5050; Austin. Texas 78763 Or call 1-800-8888-TEX. bers with their own problems. Another group of veterans beginning to seek help at Vet Centers are those Texas ItsUkeA WholeOtherCountry. from World War II and Korea. Texas Department of Commerce. Toumm DiOhtor, "These veterans may have spent 50

APRIL 1993 American crews under the commander YOU CAN BE A VETV0ICE of Harry A. Halderson took off from the RAF training school air field at Continuedfrom page 6 Fayid, Egypt, at 2230 hours for Ploesti, TRAVEL AGENT Romania. This raid was three weeks before the July 4 raid.

Open your own full service travel Violes L. Flanary agency for a fraction of the normal shambles. Our national debt is at an all- Dryden, Va. start-up cost. time high. We need to start living with- BE YOUR OWN BOSS! Work when in our means, instead of spending on The article, "Women Sign Up" (De- you want, full or part time, and where everything that comes along, including cember), needs a correction. It stated you want, home or office. the pie-in-the-sky projects such as the that women "stepped forward as never As a Traveler's Choice Associate superconducting super collider. before to help win World War II... (TCA), you'll be able to project a big UWallv Hokum women had taken jobs for the first time image and immediately compete with Etowah, Tenn. as welders and lathe operators..." the larger conventional travel According to research, agencies, while keeping your my women overhead at the absolute minimum. Tet Revisited worked in a variety of war-related jobs

For 25 years, I've told anyone will- after the outbreak of World War I. The NO TRAVEL EXPERIENCE NEEDED! ing to listen that Tet '68 was a military railroads employed more than 100,000 Join our growing travel nationwide victory for the United States and allied women in about 100 different occupa- network for only $2,995. A complete forces ("Tet: Twenty-Five Years Later," tions, ranging from common laborers business opportunity including training. February). The American Legion to skilled machine operators. It's Easy, Profitable and magazine used five excellent writers to Shirley Burman Fun the TCA Way! verify my account. I sincerely thank Sacramento, Calif. AWARD WINNING INDEPENDENT you for publishing "Tet: Twenty-Five TRAVEL AGENT PROGRAM Years Later." The WWII article, "The Beginning" CALL FOR OUR FREE BROCHURE Jack R Rickman (December), stated that blacks were Major, U.S. Army (Ret.) segregated in support-service units. % 1-800-446-0096 West Palm Beach, Flo. Blacks were segregated, but not in support-service units. They were in com- Traveler's Choice Peter Collier's actions and the actions bat units as were white soldiers. The Associates of Tom Hayden, Jane Fonda and their 92nd and 93rd divisions were black ilk did nothing to improve the situation combat units. at home ("Tet: Twenty-Five Years Later, Ralph Willis At Home: The Left's Anti-War Follies," Hemet, Calif. Flatten your February). While it is great to see that hindsight has opened Collier's eyes, it Cancer Thwarted stomach with doesn't change the fact that much harm The day I came home from the hos- was done by the anti-war activists. pital after having my prostate removed, NordicTrack. John E. Hunt 8 ' my Legion magazine was in the mail. A NordicTrack exerciser simulates Augusta, Ga. iss-country skiing, the After reading the article by Sen. Robert q*: world's best Dole ("The Enemy Within," January), Harry G. Summers misread his z/ aerobic workout. my positive attitude was increased source ("Tet: Twenty-Five Years Later, Its total-body greatly. motion bums more fat In Washington: Defeat Snatched From Thanks again for a very informative than ordinary exercisers Victory," February). Peter Braestrup's article. that work only your Big Story not only blames the press for legs — and burns up to Arvid Lovig misreporting Tet '68 as an American ,100 calories per hour. Alexandria, Minn. defeat, but goes a step further and Plus, it raises your metabolism, so you blames the press for breaking the will We laud Sen. Dole for his timely ar- _L can burn more of President Johnson. The President, ticle on prostate cancer. Prostate cancer calories, even at like many other Washingtonians, made has an age-related onset and thus will rest. NordicTrack. It's the fatal mistake of believing the press the safe, enjoyable, efficient way to get increase dramatically in the next few truly represents the people. rid of that spare tire for good. years} An epidemic of prostate cancer William V Kennedy is on the horizon, and there is little 50-day in-home trial Wiscasset, Maine time to prepare for this scourge. Models priced from $29995 Thirty percent of men older than 50 NordicTrack WWII Addenda are afflicted with prostate cancer. The mm M A CML Company The WWII article, "As The Year great majority of these individuals have Call for a FREE Ends," (December 1992) states U.S. no clinical symptoms and are unaware Video and Brochure aviators flew borrowed British bombers of this enemy within. But it has dread- in a raid on German airfields in the ful potential. 1-800-328-5888 ss Netherlands. Sen. Dole also correctly pointed out or write: NordicTrack, Dept. 127D3 I think that after 50 years, credit the pitifully small sum spent on 104 Peavey Road, Chaska, MN 55318 should be given where credit is due. On prostate research. The current budget of ( I'/H N'urdkTr.Kk In, A i MI I nmp.im • All rights rescrvi'i] June 11, 1942, 13 B-24 Liberators with $28 million divided by the 34,000 men

48 THE AMERICAN LEGION who die each year gives the sum of proved purpose that it was extremely in French is train a grande vitesse about $800 per death. Compare that popular in Europe, especially among (high-speed train or train of high with the nearly $2,700 spent on re- pregnant women. It got into Canada [great] speed). search per breast cancer death, and the legally, but illegally in the U.S. Dave Saltzburg $15,000 per death spent on AIDS re- Dr. Richard B Tobias Penfield, NY. search. South Williamsport, Pa. Dr. Robert G. McKinnell Department of Genetics and Networking Bias Cell Biology Foreign Faux Pas In the February issue, John Moran University of Minnesota The item, "Sendoro U.S. -Style," voiced his opinion that The American Saint Paul, Minn. (Washington Watch, January) by Cliff Legion magazine was biased in its re- Kincaid contained a spelling error. The porting ("Two Parties Needed," Dr. Akhouri A. Sinha correct spelling of the Spanish word Vetvoice, February). Moran should tune Research physiologist for path is sendero. into the CBS Evening News and see the VA Medical Center But what's more important is how the true definition of biased reporting. Minneapolis, Minn. Sendero Luminoso has gained support During the four years of President in Peru. If they should come to power, George Bush's administration, Bush did

If I had waited much longer to get a their rule would make the Khmer nothing right, according to the CBS prostate exam, it may have been too Rouge in Cambodia look like a Girl newsmen. late. I urge all men to get a check-up as Scout convention. Robert Hasselbring soon as possible. Scott D. Kirtley MUford, III. A. T. Lewis Tucson, Ariz. New Cumberland, Pa. One final word on Steve Salerno's ar- Conspiracies Real ticle "Will Trains Ever Fly?" (Novem- Anyone who actually believes that Headache ber) and Paul A. Bernard's letter history is completely happenstance Thalidomide was a headache drug (Vetvoice, February) that TGV trans- simply has not studied history nor the that caused birth defects when taken by lates into tres grande vitesse rather than finances of Napoleon, Mussolini, Stal- pregnant women ("FDA, Drugs and Salerno's trains of great speed. in, Lenin, Mao, etc., etc. ("The Plots You," December). It was never a preg- My French wife asked me to write Thicken," February). nancy drug, as you stated, although it and correct both Salerno and Bernard. Adrian H. Krieg was so effective for its advertised/ap- Salerno comes the closest, though. TGV Wbodbridge, Conn

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the full amount. Aid to Nicaragua will IN SEARCH OF... NICARAGUA most likely fall every year. Meanwhile, the Nicaraguan economy This column is for readers searching for groups of veter- Continuedfrom page 21 ans for purposes other than forming a reunion (use VETS is in bad shape. column) or to find witnesses to verify VA health claims (use The battle over property rights, and COMRADES IN DISTRESS column). Notices will be published free, on a space-available basis. the continuing Sandinista defiance of law and order, surprisingly have not Anecdotes and information about the M1 Garand Rifle in battle or training, for a book. Contact: Steve O'Brien, 10,000 homes and 1 million acres were scared away foreign investors. The only 27 Elm St., Plymouth, MA 02360. grabbed. foreign funds Nicaragua is receiving, Army cook book used in 1940, to help feed homeless at the Franciscan Shelter House in Louisville, Ky. Contact: So far the Sandinistas have had to however, comes as government-to-gov- John McGovern, 748 S. Preston St., Louisville, KY give back nothing, despite parliamen- ernment aid, not from individuals or 40203. Crew members of the USCGC Taney from 1936-86, for tary efforts and public outrage. When companies who are unwilling to risk a book. Contact: Brian J. Whetstine, 8747 Contee Rd. tough laws have passed, has their capital until Nicaragua can pro- Apt. 402, Chamorro Former WWII flight and ground crews of B-24/PB4Y air- vetoed them to avoid any confrontation tect their property rights. craft, to donate memorabilia to the International B-24 foreign Memorial Museum. Contact: Fred E. Weisbrod, 31001 with the Sandinistas. As aid declines over the Magnuson Ave., Pueblo, CO 81 001 Chamorro is meeting most of the coming years, so will Nicaragua's econ- Information about the U.S. General Hospital near Bassingbourne AB, England, during WWII. Contact preconditions placed on U.S. aid, such omy. Nicaragua now ranks with Haiti Rowland D. Garver, 182 E. Fifth St., Peru, IN 46970- as permitting privately owned banks to and Guyana as one of this hemisphere's 2340. Laurel, MD 20708. Members of the 16th Special Operations Squadron open, reducing the deficit and signing poorest countries. who served in Vietnam in 1960s and '70s, for a book. an agreement with the International Chamorro's supporters say she decid- Contact: Gregory T. Davis, P.O. Box 42, Peru, ME 04290. Monetary Fund. But several hundred ed to avoid confrontations with the Members of the 66th Divarty Chorus who performed at Americans have been unable to get Sandinistas because the country need- the American Red Cross in Nice, France, in 1945 and 1946. Have photos. Contact: Robert C. Kepner, all their properties back from the ed a period of stability and order, and Rochelle, IL 61068. Sandinistas. because taking them on would have Photos or negatives of the 24th Cav. Reconn. Troop (Mecz) 1942-45, for unit history. Contact: Wallace F. Since Chamorro's inauguration, the united them, while they are now in- Kuhner, 1637 Falmouth St., Charleston, SC 29407. United States has given Nicaragua over creasingly divided. Survivors of USS Duncan DD-485 that was sunk off the Solomon Islands Oct. 12. 1942, for memorial dedication. $1 billion in direct grants and in debt Chamorro's strategy is to erode, not Contact: John Manna, 36 Leydon Ave., Staten Island, NY 10303. forgiveness, and remains Nicaragua's confront, Sandinista power. She has Veterans on duty or leave in Japan from 1940s to largest donor. asked Spain to help set up a new police 1960s, for a book. Contact: Gordon Shevis, 2400 Porto Rico, Alamogordo, NM 88310. The Bush administration requested academy designed to produce a police Veterans under the age of 17 who served in the U.S. mil- $190 million for 1993, but it is ex- force free of Sandinista control. A new itary, for a book. Contact Allan C. Stover, 3444 Walker Dr., Ellicott City, MD 21042. tremely unlikely Congress will approve commission will investigate the murder

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50 THE AMERICAN LEGION of Contra leaders. Britain and France democratization of Nicaragua cannot da, and its frequent mention on TV have been asked to provide technical proceed. news shows, is over. help regarding the investigation of the Chamorro remains a popular presi- Yet Nicaragua remains a neighbor, Bermudez murder. dent, but Nicaragua's future after her and instability there is bad for Ameri- The alternative is a direct challenge term has ended is much in doubt. can interests. It can produce refugee to Sandinista power. But it would re- The Sandinistas still control the flows to the United States, where hun- quire strong nerves and careful organi- Army completely, and are willing to dreds of thousands of Nicaraguans still zation of all the anti- Sandinista voters, use their power. The UNO (United live. And its economic decline will particularly outside Managua and in Nicaraguan Opposition) alliance that slow down recovery in all of Central rural areas. That course of action might elected Chamorro is in ruins, broken America. create severe tension and even some up by the dissension over her accom- Finally, there are strong moral rea- disorder, but it would begin the true de- modations with the Sandinistas. sons not to turn completely away from mocratization of Nicaraguan politics, a desperately poor neighbor in whose with the people ruling instead of small ALFREDO Cesar, a former Contra affairs we were so deeply involved for elites in Managua. leader and once a key member of an entire decade. Not since her campaign has Chamor- Chamorro's team, is now speaker of The United States should maintain ro reached out to Nicaragua's poor, the National Assembly and has become substantial aid to Nicaragua, provided brown, rural masses—the people who her most outspoken and effective critic. there are reforms that reduce Sandin- sustained the Contra rebellion and then As for the economy, until the funda- ista power and attract foreign investors. elected her president. mental questions about Nicaragua's pol- We must ensure our help encourages

The next elected government will itics are answered, investment and change, and never permit it to become face the same problem: whether to ac- growth are unlikely. a substitute for change. American tax- cept more years of co-government with Americans may ask whether any payers, and Nicaraguan freedom fight- the Sandinistas and seek a very slow of this matters to them. After all, ers, deserve no less. erosion of their power, or to take them Nicaragua became a security problem Today, out of the headlines, Nica- on. The issue is whether power will be because of its Soviet backing. With the ragua's battle for a democracy and distributed according to popular sup- Soviets and Cubans gone, Nicaragua is peace goes on. For them as for Cubans, port and vote totals, or according to a small, poor country that poses no history seems to have decreed that the armed strength. threat to the United States. Its brief vis- journey to economic and political liber-

Until the issue is faced squarely, the it to the top of the foreign policy agen- ty will be long and painful.

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APRIL 1993 51 tributed to the charisma of its leaders. ish peseta. The resulting finger-point- Good-looking, suave and sophisticated, ing—mainly at Germany's powerful HATE many of them have become media fig- Bundesbank for its refusal to lower in- Continuedfmm page 27 ures. terest rates —threatens European unity. Haider, chief of Austria's Freedom There are an estimated 3 million Party, presents a handsome, articulate homeless among the European Com- and well-tailored look, and is often munity's population of 347 million, and Angry Germans believe —often cor- compared to Louisiana's David Duke. the numbers are increasing. rectly—that foreigners are taking ad- Franz Schoenhuber, the former Waf- • European Union: When the Euro- vantage of the system to draw expen- fen-SS officer who heads Germany's pean Union was a vague concept fueled sive social benefits. Republikaners, is a slick public figure by the lip service of generations of

With the encouragement of the far who rose to prominence as a Bavarian politicians, many voters gave it scant right, economic problems are often television journalist. Italy's Alessandra notice. But the Maastricht Treaty has blamed on foreigners. 'Auslaender [for- Mussolini is a blonde bombshell who prompted wedding-day jitters across eigners] must get out," says Tomas has modeled. the continent. The accord, signed in Chinielewiski, a Rostock house painter. In France, Le Pen is regarded as a the winter of 1991, calls for a European "They live better than us. They take our spell-binding speaker, and he received monetary union by 1999 and closer co- apartments, everything." further legitimacy recently when that operation in defense and foreign policy. The movement has ridden this issue most French of icons, Brigitte Bardot, to success at the voting booth. During married one of his top aides, Bernard WITH their nationalistic messages, its successful showing in the regional d'Ormale. extremist parties have cleverly po- elections last spring, the German In interviews and public appear- sitioned themselves to benefit League for People and Home —based its ances, these leaders of the far right of- from opposition to the treaty. entire campaign on one word "raus," ten soft-peddle their rhetoric and offer In Germany, there is great concern meaning "out." revisionist histories of the Holocaust. that sacrificing the strong German In France, Le Pen and his disciples Alessandra Mussolini, for example, mark—symbol of the country's post- have also made enormous use of the is- has taken to describing Benito as a re- war economic might—is too great a sue, warning that immigrants from luctant participant in the round-up of price to pay for European Union. The North Africa and elsewhere are eroding Italian Jews. "If my grandfather had Republikaners have cashed in on this the French national character. Likewise disobeyed the Nazis, Germany would by portraying themselves as the party in Italy, the influx of Albanian immi- have invaded us immediately, and the fighting to save the mark. grants has fired support for the right. Italians, all Italians, would have suf- In France, the right wing has played • Charismatic leaders: Much of fered even far greater violence," she on fears that European Union will swal- this movement's success should be at- told the Italian daily La Repubblica last low the country's national character, November. threatening everything from France's • Economic hardship: As with ex- independence to its wine and cheese. tremist movements through history, A referendum that had been expect- economic hard times are bread and but- ed to be a mere formality turned, inter for neo-fascists. And the same re- stead, into a pitched battle. In the end, cession that is hamstringing the Ameri- French voters approved the Maastricht

can economy has hit Europe. accord last September, but it was by the Inflation is on the rise, and most thinnest of margins —51 percent. countries face growing unemployment. With debate and fears about Euro-

Joblessness in France and Italy is run- pean Union growing across the conti- ning over 10 percent. In Germany, un- nent, the far right has an issue custom- employment runs high in the east—of- made for whipping up nationalistic pas- ficially around 16 percent, but realisti- sions. cally much higher. In trouble spots such • The Ross Perot phenomenon: as Rostock, where a once-thriving port The European far right is feeding well has been idled by post-unification com- on the same phenomenon that propelled petition, unemployment reaches 50 per- Ross Perot into the lead of some U.S. cent. presidential polls last summer: a con- | Scares Burrowing Rodents "We cannot exclude that in the big stituency that is fed up not only with

' | With Underground Vibrations! cities of eastern Germany this wave of incumbents, but the entire political es-

I Inaudible to humans but set this in the ground and the vibrations' violence can spread," said Klaus Kili- tablishment. | sound like a galloping herd to sound sensitive rodents. Eachl people far-right moles. mann, Rostock's mayor. "The "All [the leaders] are ap- 1 15 seconds it emits a high pitched sound that sends mice, and gophers scurrying off. No traps to empty. No dangerous are stressed by unemployment and un- pealing to people in terms of we versus I j poisons and chemicals. Work on 4 D batteries (not Incl ). Simple, certainty about the future." them insiders against outsiders," says and it works! Covers 750 square yards Guaranteed. | — I No.8113R-Mole Repeller $19.95 Warning signals abound that the Anton Pelinka, director of the Institute | Special for Total Area Coverage J problems are worsening, strengthening for Conflict Research in Vienna. Two Only $35 -Three $50 -Four $64 | the extremists' hand. Growth estimates In Germany, there has been enor- issued last fall for Germany, the Euro- mous disgust with the stalemated gov- f Mail Order with check, cash or money order. Include $3.85 I 3-6 pean engine, are shrinking. ernment as well as the opposition. Kohl | postage & handling fee (non-refundable). Allow weeks delivery. All merchandise shipped under no risk, 30 day home | In chaotic currency cri- his Christian Democrats I September, a and ruling trial. NYS residents must include local sales tax. Sendorderto: i sis led to a meltdown of Europe's ex- promised in the 1990 elections that no I FOSTER-TRENT INC., DEPT.200/D finance j change rate system and devaluation of new taxes would be needed to ys^diwoÂûê^Rochelk ^10801^681^1 the Italian lira, British pound and Span- the huge cost of reconstructing eastern

52 THE AMERICAN LEGION — —

Germany. They now face a George Europe and the former Soviet Union Le Pen is not likely to take over Bush read-my-lips problem. changes that would shut off the pressure France, but the next government will In Italy, all three mainstream par- for east-to-west migration and relieve be considerably to the right of the cur- ties —the Christian Democrats, the So- the economic situation across the conti- rent government—even if it is again cialists and the Democratic Party of the nent —analysts see little chance of socialist. Left—are on the ropes, weakened by stemming the far right's advances. The stunning success of the far right poor showings in last year's general The most likely scenario is that the in the German regional elections election. There have been widespread entire European political spectrum will threatens to dramatically change the protests against rampant corruption, shift rightward in coming years. To power equation. Some Christian De- new taxes and cuts in social services, a stop this loss of voters, traditional con- mocrats now want to cooperate with situation not unlike the civil unrest that servative parties are becoming more the Republikaners. brought Benito Mussolini to power 70 extreme in their positions, blaming for- Needless to say, the state of politics years ago. eigners for local economic conditions, on the continent and the far right's In France, the ruling socialists and for example. growing influence presents no obvious, their allies don't know how to deal with immediate threat to America. There are Le Pen, who down deep is a populist In TURN, left-leaning parties, also no European fascists building a mili- like Perot. Appeals by religious leaders under pressure from the voters, are tary machine bent on world conquest. for congregations not to vote for the I abandoning liberal policies and mov- Nor is the movement directing its National Front have been in vain. ing to more centrist positions. For in- venom at the United States. It prefers to

stance, in November, Germany's liberal save it for oppressed peoples knocking * * * Social Democrats voted in a party con- on Western Europe's doors. Few observers envision the far right gress to change 40 years of generous The danger to America is more in- taking over Western European govern- policies toward foreigners fleeing polit- sidious in nature: a decline of democra- ments anytime soon. But the extremists ical persecution. The party overwhelm- tic quality and the growth of racism in threaten to change the face of European ingly agreed to push for significantly Europe. The victims will be those who democracy. tightened asylum laws. can least afford it—asylum seekers, mi- "I don't think fascism is just around In France, the success of Le Pen's grant workers and economic refugees. the corner, but what I see is the loss of National Front also is moving the polit- But the democratic foundations upon democracy within the framework of ex- ical dialogue to the right. Polls show which the Atlantic Alliance is based isting structures," said Pelinka, of Vi- growing support for Le Pen's call to the friendship between America and enna's Institute for Conflict Research. abolish the rights of immigrants to have Europe that changed the world—will Without dramatic changes in Eastern their families join them in France. become that much weaker.

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APRIL 1993 53 .

I've been fortunate - I've had good left over after making the payments on HAMBURGER KING mentors. Every kid should get a mentor. the vacuum cleaner, the refrigerator, the As a young person, I wanted to be car, the house. I didn't like that at all. Continuedfrom page 19 - around people who were successful But, no, I never set out to be rich. My like the Regas brothers and Colonel goal was to make one restaurant work, Sanders of Kentucky Fried Chicken. I then the second, and so on. The rest

wanted to learn, and they taught me . just happened as a byproduct.

wanted was a job in a restaurant and I

got lucky. I got a job as a counterman Q. In your autobiography, Davei Q. In 1969, you opened the first at Regas' restaurant in Knoxville, Tenn. Way, you say the Army made you into Wendyls in Columbus, Ohio. Why a I was 12, but told them I was 16. They an entrepreneur. How? hamburger restaurant? later told me they suspected the truth, _ I went into the Army in 1950 and I A I like hamburgers, always have. but I worked so hard they decided not A. was shipped to Germany. I was My gourmet meal is a burger with

to make an issue of it. promoted to sergeant and was a cook in double cheese, mustard, pickle and the mess hall. I didn't like being a cook onion; a bowl of chili; and fries. Q. Your desire was so strong. Why? that much - the hours were long and Even when I was in fried chicken, I A Something happened when I was the job was monotonous. So I looked wanted a hamburger restaurant. To tell > 12 that shaped who I am. I lost a around for other things to do. the truth, I hated chicken and have

couple of jobs and my adoptive dad said I wound up volunteering to help out since I was a kid. Give me a cooked-to- he'd have to support me the rest of his at the Enlisted Men's Club and that led order hamburger and I am happy. In my life. To him, I'm sure that was a figure to me being named assistant manager. mind, nobody else was offering that

of speech, but I took it very seriously. When I took over the club, we were do- kind of quality burger, not on a national

So when I got a job at Regas' restau- ing $40 a day in business. When I left scale. I believed plenty of other people rant, I was determined to keep it. we were doing $1,000 a day, selling would want that same sort of premium

Fortunately, it was a family business 25-cent hamburgers and chicken in a hamburger and it turned out they did. and they gave me lots of encourage- basket, and I was having fun. I learned ment. Frank Regas told me, there's a lot about getting ahead by giving the Q. How do you cope with your nothing you cannot do if you have the customer more of what he really celebrity status? right attitude - and he was a guy who wanted. A I'm not a celebrity. I'm a ham- came from Greece to America with no burger cook. I gained the atten- money in his pockets. He worked his Q- A few years after leaving the tion of the press when I began doing way into owning a restaurant and that Army, you wound up running four the TV commercials, and I've been us- was real encouragement for me. Kentucky Fried Chicken restaurants ing that opportunity to talk about in Columbus, Ohio. How did you get adoption. that big break? A goal of mine is to persuade corpo- "Early American" Alt didn't look like that big a break, rate America to offer adoption benefits Historic Collectors not initially. The restaurants had to employees. We've had about 400 been badly managed and were close to companies respond positively. At 5-Coin Set going out of business. Many people - Wendy's we offer adoption benefits, including Colonel Sanders himself - and I'm proud that 10 employees have

told me it was dumb to think of going taken advantage of the program - that's to Columbus. 10 children who now have a home. Every child deserves a home and

Q. So why did you? love, and I work to spread the message A You have to remember that I that we can help. had four kids and a net worth of

$3,000. Sure, I had a good job as assis- Q. You sound so positive. Don't you tant manager of a Fort Wayne, Ind., ever get down on yourself? restaurant but I wasn't earning that A Sure, but if you get busy, you don't much and there wasn't much potential have the time to feel sorry for

to earn more. And I was working 50 yourself. Make things happen and you hard hours a week, cooking, cleaning, start feeling better, fast.

washing dishes, doing whatever it took

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NOW AVAILABLE ON VIDEO Control Water Weeds Amazing Underwater Harvesting Toot 50th Anniversary the WATERWEEDER Harvester FOSTER BROOKS Cut aquatic vegetation from a boat, from WWII Steel Penny a dock or simply by wading in from shore. "The Lovable Lush" "Worksjust like a hedge- Packet trimmer underwater. Three genuine 1943 WWII

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YOUR MILITARY MEDALS America's Best-Selling Scooter WWII * KOREA* VIETNAM *SWA • All U.S., UN, RVN, Full Size Medals

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at an Unbeatable Price! - Rank and Skill Badges * Patches • Rear wheel drive. • Fine Display Cases. 100% Guarantee ! Send $2.00 Today for NEW Color Catalog • State-of-the-art features. • Excellent maneuverability. Fountain Inn, SC 29644 • Patented modular design for lightweight portability. • Burke makes America's best- CABLE T.V.hH selling D.M.E. scooter at a great price. DESCRAMBLERS N C --LOWEST PRICES-- " ,'.»«; • FREE BUYER'S GUIDE with facts to Q £°x •Money Back Guarantee- MPLS., mn 55449 make an informed decision. c s t BIG SALE ^n f r i Please have MODEL used in your area when calling BURKE MOBILITY PRODUCTS • Dept. LS-493 • Box 1064 Mission, KS 66222 DEALERS WANTED -I QAA TOC HQ>|0 Call Toll Free 1 -800-255-4147 EARN EXTRA $$$ I -OUIJ-OOJ- I 040

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Moving? New in Town? Florida Retirement Homes Just Curious? Manufactured Home Lifestyles $19,000 to $65,000 (Includes Total Amenities) What's the crime rate? The tax 6 New Central Florida Locations rate? How's the local economy? Florida's Premiere Developer of Affordable What are housing costs? How Award-Winning Retirement Communities. Four-Time "Developer/Operator of the Year" is spent on streets, schools, much Award Winner and welfare? How many seniors are there? City workers? FOR INFORMATION WRITE: CRF Communities P.O. Box Dept. AL04 City Report will answer over 100 6277, 33807-6277 questions like these. Things you NAME. need to know about your city. Our database contains the latest federal ADDRESS. government data on hundreds of CITY American cities. If we don't have yours, there's no charge. ZIP ( ) PHONE Love Your Home, Send $30 for each city to: But Hate The Stairs? J. Edward Data Services Don't move. Write or call American N. Ave., 3-S 4109 Ashland This newly designed goldtone ring was Stair-Glide instead. From straight run Chicago, IL 60613-1857 developed to recognize you and the thou- stairway lifts to ones that go around sands of Americans who have made their corners. We have a simple, effective way through life the hard way. solution to your stair problems. And Call or write todayfor afree brochure it's easy to rent or own! on this one ofa kind ring that recognizes your life's achievement.

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BUMPER STICKER! AWARDS CASE FLAG CASE WITH STAND - - 12 1/8 X 15 W X 2 1/4 25 3/8 X 12 3/4" x 3 7/8" hinged, opens from front) Stand includes: Service Medallion DON'T BLAME ME! $39.95 & Engraving Plate $89.95 1-800-648-7989 Elk Products, Inc., 1 I VOTED FOR BUSH

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The Official Inauguration Year Trouble INSTANT SHINE 1993 SILVER EAGLES Walking? No Buff, No Mess, Enjoy Shopping and No Liquids Sightseeing—No Matter Reusable Sponge Compact tbe Season! m^HUTTLE Up to 100 Shines Per Applicator PLUS makes All Leather & Vinyl ' 300 pound capacity Water & Stain Resistant • Powerful all-terrain rear-wheel drive Shoes, Bags, Furniture, Etc..

1 battery charger Silicone Blend 30-Day Lightweight for Travel Money Great Gift Back Guaranteed t|l '3 Quarantee ollerin^ ihc new 1 American SiKei kick- Thepurchaseprice $3.00 per Polisher i is 55.95 per coin F.jiIkoiii is Brilliant I'ncirculaled and contains plus SAVE 1.00 Order Two Polishers'for S5.00 i One Oz. of Pure Silver .999 Fine. Protective presentation hold- batteries & FREE 5 3/4" Shoehorn with Each Order' ers are available loi -individual coins lor additional $1.00 each. 1795 2 Week Delivey I Coin $5.95 + $1.00 P&H (Total $6.95) We Bill Medicare and Insi rance for You! 10 Coins $57.00+$3.00 P&H (Total $60.00) Send Check or Money Order to: FREE 7-Day Home Trial' 20 Coin roll in Original U.S. Mint tube with Treasury Seal. for $110.00 + $5.00 P&H (Total $115.00) CRYSTAL SHINE P.O. Box 5200'Westport, CT 06881 I understand I may charge my coins if my minimum order is l-86o376-6846 $50.00 or more. Personal checks/money orders are welcome for orders under $50.00. Quantities are limited order NOW! Before You Buy any Scooter - Call Us! Order Toll Free 800-835-0008 ALMOST FREE! 4M1 \V..nJ|;.iif Iji L.i.-viIlL-. KY 40220 SUGAR MAPLES Lowest Prices In America/ FOR CLEANER AIR Wheelchair Scooter & In an effort to introduce Replacement Batteries you to our company and TABLE PADS * Long LaMlnu to help support environ- GelO.ll ASK ABOUT " Maintenance- Free mental efforts, we will * Deep Cycle LEAF SPECIAL 4 FREE(1 to 2 FREE * Airline Approved send you " Powerful P ft.) trees. We do require SAVE to 70% shipping & handling charges of $2.99 for 4 or Factory Priced From $5.99 for 12 trees. SAVAGE FARM NURSERY, $29.95 Compare at 99.95 A4, McMinnville, 37110. P.O. Box 125 TN Quality Pad Any Normal Size 1-800-876-6846 1 (800) 428-4567 MOB/LFCTR/CS table 'H FACTORY DIRECT TABLE PAD COMPANY AWARD CASES ALSO MEDALS AND RIBBONS

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THE AMERICAN LEGION Q

The Best Hat Under The Sun PERSONAL OZONE PROTECTION Now you can add to your collection the award winning film that chronicles the events that plunged America into war. 40 years ago war raged on the frozen fields Just $24. from Pusan to Inchon. No other video covers Postpaid! the war, from the bloody battles on the You can't buy a better hat under the sun.. .we ground to the dogfights in the sky, like guarantee it or your money back! Our P.O.P. hat features 100% natural white cotton canvas, Korea: The Forgotten War. wide 3" brim, brass grommets, tie-down rope Forgotten by many, this video stands hatband/chinstrap. Can also be styled with a as a tribute to all who served in a violent bandana. sizes:S(6%— M(7'/s— xA\ 5 7), j war fought against a determined enemy. L(7'/4-7V4), XL(7'/2-7%) & XXL(7%+). $24.ea. postpaid. Bandanas $4. each. 00% authentic combat footage combined 1-800-852-0925 Mon-Fri 9am-5pm EST with the brilliant narration from Robert Harrison-Hoge Industries, Inc. Dept. AL-43H Stack makes this one of the most collectible 200 Wilson Street, Port Jeff. Sta., NY 1 1776 pieces of history for your entire family. SAVE s 10.00! $ BE ALMOST 2" formerly $ 39.98 now only... 29.98 Call the toll-free number below to place your order today! TALLER!!

SIZES: 5-11 For VISA, MC, Discover orders, call toll-free 24 hours: WIDTHS: B-EEE FINE MEN'S I -800-959-006 1 Ext KOREA 5 SHOES Or send your name, address with check or money order for $29.98 plus $3.95 shipping and handling to: Look just like ordinary shoes except hidden inside Fusion Video, 100 Fusion Way, Dept. KOREA 5, Country Club Hills, IL 60478. is a height increasing innermold. Wide selection Canadian orders must add $5.00 S &. H and pay in U.S funds. available including dress shoes, boots, sport shoes (Please note: Illinois residents must add 7.75% state sales tax.) and casuals. Moneyback guarantee. Exceptionally comfortable. Call or write today for your FREE color catalog. "MD. RES1D. CALL 301-663-5111'' TOLL-FREE 1-800-343-3810 ELEVATORS® R1CHLEE SHOE COMPANY, DEPT. AL34 P.O. BOX 3566, FREDERICK, MD 21701 Save Money on Solid Hardwood Furniture DO-IT-YOURSELF KITS Now, you can furnish your home with the very finest solid cherry and oak furniture, and clocks, at a fraction of retail cost.

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APRIL 1993 59 "

Parting shots

Dr. Diode Scientists have developed a new ro- bot surgeon that can actually perform delicate operations. In fact, they've

made it so much like a real doctor, that it drives a Mercedes and takes off Thursdays for golf.

Talk About Advance Warning Britain's physics genius and best- selling author, Stephen Hawking, now

" says the end of the world will occur 'Well, Winslow, we've corrected another one of nature's little oversights. some 10 billion years later than he pre- viously predicted. Whew! That means

it's safe to go ahead and buy that extra- large, economy-sized jar of coffee. Hill Climbing Throne Into Taxes Regular exercise becomes more and The Queen of England has an- more important as you age. You have to nounced she will soon begin paying Billy Goad be in good shape to get over the hill. taxes on her income, just like every- A housewife pored over her mail, body While she may be entitled to the most of which was junk, but she ran same deductions as everyone else, she's across one envelope that read in big let- Frenchified way out of line trying to write off the ters, "THIS IS NOT A BILL." Thank- 13 Colonies as a "business loss." French farmers protesting U.S. tar- ing God for her good fortune, she iffs went the rampage in a Paris on Mc- opened that one first. Inside, however, Donald's - turning over tables, stomp- Age Phrase she found a neatly typed letter that being on food, and so on. Apparently, it gan, "THIS IS YOUR BILL." you're a little kid, you're so ex- took a while for anybody to realize this When cited about getting older that you think was a protest, because it was still better are asked treatment than they get from French in fractions. When children are, they respond: "I'm 6 waiters. how old they Manly Leap and a half." Nobody ever says "I'm 53 Bungee jumping is an amazing

and a half." sport. It takes no skill, lasts about 30 The greatest day of your life is when Economic Foreshadowing seconds, and afterward, you can brag you become 21 . But you turn 30, and it to your friends about how great you High-tech prediction methods have makes you sound like bad milk. Then were. No wonder men love it. failed today's economists, so they've re- you're pushing 40. It's all slipping away. turned to their roots. One economist Then you reach 50. recently came out of his office, saw his Next, you make it to 60. By then shadow and predicted six more weeks you've built up so much speed that you of recession. hit 70.

After that, it's day by day. You hit Wednesday. In your 80s, you hit lunch. Biting The Big Apple In the 90s you start going backward:

The 1992 statistics are out: In New "I was just 92." Then, if you make it York City, violent crimes have de- over 100, a strange thing happens. You creased. Authorities are expressing become a kid again: "I'm 104, and a concern about the declining number of half" eligible victims.

Clearly Taken Zipper Zinger Coca-Cola is test-marketing a new, As you age, you first forget names. transparent version of its old diet cola, Then you forget faces. Then you forget Tab. They were hoping to call it "Tab to pull your zipper up. Then you forget Clear," but it turns out that name has "Brother Timothy, about your vow of to pull your zipper down. already been taken by a typewriter key. silence...

60 THE AMERICAN LEGION PRINCESS Or THE PLAINS

of 23K gold Shown smaller than actual size of 8k" • Limited edition

Her beauty is celebrated, her gentle spirit renowned. Her resourcefulness the Respond by: April 30, 1 993 envy of every Sioux maiden. She has Please accept my order for the "Prairie inspired the bravest and most worthy Flower" plate by David Wright. Limit: One warriors of the tribe to vie for her hand. PRAIRIE TLOWER plate per collector. she has chosen, and on this day she Now by I need send no money now. On accep-

will wed her beloved. tance, I will be billed $29.50* when my plate Presenting "Prairie Flower," by David Z^yi^U is shipped. YBZ1 QH AA Wright. A portrait as lovely as the Ms./ Mrs./Mr. sacred tribal day it represents, a work of touching sensitivity with such a wealth days, hand-numbered and accompanied Address

of authentic detail, it could only be the by a Certificate of Authenticity. As an City _ creation of this esteemed Western artist. owner of this important work, you will privilege, the obligation, "Prairie Flower" is the inaugural have the but never State_ -Zip issue in David Wright's Princesses of the to acquire each issue as it becomes avail- Telephone^ Plains Plate Collection — a suite of able. Our 30 day 7 00% Satisfaction original featuring Guarantee assures you order at no risk. works young Signature To enjoy the rich and fascinating heritage women of various tribes attired in •Plus $2.68 shipping and handling. FL residents regal, ceremonial dress—each a trib- of early Indian life, seen through the eyes of will be billed for state sales tax. All orders must be signed and are subject to acceptance. ute to the proud bearing, spirit and one of America's most admired Western beauty of these Native American artists, be sure to submit your order for this The Hamilton Collection Ct., P.O. Box 44051, "daughters of honor." Each plate in fine porcelain collector plate today! 4810 Executive Park Jacksonville, FL 32231-4051 the series will be limited to 28 firing © 1993 HC All Rights Reseived. . .

Haband comfort joe slacks matching shirt 100 Fairview Ave., WHAT WHAT HOW WHAT HOW 7B8-095 WAIST? INSEAM? 7B8-15E 14°°„ Prospect Park, NJ SIZE? MANY? 07530 B Khaki P Navy/ Khaki Please send me H Blue L White/ Blue

pairs of slacks. I enclose P Plum R Green/Plum purchase price $ T Black M Grey/Black plus $3.95 toward postage W Mint N Stone/ Mint and handling.

Chert Enclosedot SEND NO MONEY NOW it you use your: , Exp.:

100% rr/* Name SATISFACTION GUARANTEED or Street _ _ Apt.# FULL REFUND JLS j #3 for $44.75 City / of purchase price blue X I A for $59.50 J 5 for $74.25 Stat .Zip at any time!

Full S-t-r-e-t-c-h Waist Wear them with a belt or without; either way, you'll i love the comfort!

Crisp, cool fabric is from famous Wamsutta Springs Mills. The polyester and cotton

blend is just right for machine wash and dry easy care! Plus you get: • Full elastic waist & belt loops • Front zipper & button closure • NO-IRON wash & wear khaki • 2 slash front pockets • 2 back patch pockets • Full cut made in U.S.A. •5 FAVORITE COLORS: Choose from Khaki, Blue, Plum, Black, & Mint. WAISTS: 30-32-34-35-36-37- 38-39-40-41-42-43-44 *BIG MEN'S: Adds2.50 per pair for 46-48-50-52-54 INSEAMS: S(27-28),M(29-30), L(31-32), XL(33-34)

Matching shirt 14P°£4ch Handsome color-matched yarn-dyed trim accents chest and shoulder.Handy chest pocket. Cotton/polyester knit. Wash & wear care. Imported.

Sizes: S(14-14'/2 ),M(15-15y2 ),

L(16-16!/2 ),XL(17-17'/2 ), 'Add $2.50 per shirt for:

2XL(18-18'/2 ),and 3XL(19-19'/2 ) H B 1 oo Fairview Ave., ProspectAPark.NJND07530

grey/ black green/