April 1992 Two Dollars

Twelve Hot Spots That Threaten World Peace . .

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A R T I C L

THE BRAINWASHING PUZZLE

Welcome to thefuzzy world ofmind control. By Robert McGarvey 16

THE BATAAN DEATH MARCH

This original WarDepartmentpress release revealed the horror that took 100, 000 lives. 19

TWELVE HOT SPOTS THATTHREATEN WORLD PEACE

Superpower confrontation gives way to guerrilla warfare, allies may become enemies. By Steve Salerno 22

GREED, EGOS ANDTHE DECLINE OF AMERICAN BUSINESS 22

Business expert RobertH. Watermanjr. says ournation's economy is at a crossroads. 26

JUNK PHONE CALLS: THE BILLION-DOLLAR WRONG NUMBER

They interrupt dinner, tie upyour telephone andpush shoddy merchandise. ByKathyEgan 28

CHILDREN OFTHE WALL

"In Touch" helpsfamilies touch thepast tofindpeace in thepresent. By Gurney Williams III 30

YOU CAN DO IT AGAIN

Veterans can often use theirVA Home Loan entitlements more than once. ByLew Sichelman 32

FEDERAL JOBS AND THE VETERAN

Thefederalgovernments personnel chieftalks aboutjob opportunitiesfor veterans. 34 P A M NTS

BIG ISSUES Should Congress EndProduction ofthe Stealth ? 10

VETVOICE 4 YOUR AMERICAN LEGION 14 VETS 42

COMMANDER'S MESSAGE 8 VETERANS UPDATE 36 PARTING SHOTS 68

WASHINGTON WATCH 12 LEGION NEWS 38

COVER The dangerous dozen threats to world peace: some are familiar, some are brand new. Where are they? See Page 22. Photo by SanolThe Stock Market.

The American Legion magazine, a leader among national general-interest publications, is published

monthly by The American Legion for its 3.1 million members. These military-service veterans, working through more than 15,000 community-level posts, dedicate themselves to God and country and tradi- tional American values; strong national security; adequate and compassionate care for veterans, their widows and orphans; community service; and the wholesome development of our nation's youths.

APRIL 1992 1 .

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The American Legion (ISSN 0886-1234) is published monthly by The American Legion, 5561 W. 74th Street, CALL TOLL FREE 1-800-537-9600 Indianapolis, IN 46268. Second-class postage paid at Indianapolis, IN 46204 and additional mailing offices. Publishers PUBLISHERS CHOICE®, Box 4174, Dept. HA50-LG, Price: Annual subscription, $12 ($18, Foreign); post- Huntington Station, NY 11746 sponsored gift subscriptions, $4; Single copy, $2. POST- MASTER: Send address changes to The American Legion, Choice® Please rush me: Input Services, P.O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206. # HA60 Victor Borge - 45 min. show $19.95 GUARANTEE Change of Address: Notify The American Legion, Input # HA70 Victor Borge - 90 min. show $29.95 Services, P.O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206. If you are dissatisfied Please add $1.90 p&h for each video ordered. CA, MI, NY add sales tax. 31 7-328-461 6. Attach old address label, provide old and new addresses and membership card number. with your purchase in CHECK MASTER CARD VISA Exp. Date any way, you may return ' To request microfilm copies, please write to: University I I I I I I I I' I Card No. M Total i Microfilms, 300 N. Zeeb Rd., Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 it for a prompt and full Name — Canada Post International Publications Mail (Canadian refund. All orders are Distribution) Sales Agreement No. 546321. Re-entered processed promptly and Address second class mail matter at Manila Central Post office dated December 22, 1 991 notification will be sent City . State - Zip. in case of delay.

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State- Zip- •1992 Garden Way Inc. VETVOICE

courts, police departments, schools, commitment to "family" in a homosex- VA Critique churches, families, morals, print and ual couple, who are committed deeply I read the article "VA's Narrowing film media, Congress, money values, to each other in a responsible, ethical Door" (February) about treatment in work ethic and on and on. and monogamous relationship, as I do hospitals. I, too, have seen and VA GusFunk in the bride and groom who come to me experienced the incompetence and Marmora, N.J. for their wedding ceremony. indifference displayed by VA person- To imply that disagreement is an nel. Veterans' benefits and the VA's As a priest and pastor, I want to assault on our values, is, in many ways, capability to provide proper treatment respond to Bauer's assertions about the an invitation for some to respond with been, and is still being, systemati- has eroding of our traditional values. violence, and a blessing on their doing cally stripped away by the self-serving Unlike the religious leaders he refers to so. I am concerned about our values, politicians we have been voting for as timid and afraid of being divisive, I but I am also concerned about our during the past 40 years. am not afraid to speak out on behalf of priorities. Our freedoms come first. L.R. VanArsdale our traditional Judeo-Christian values. Rev. Paul Diederich Cleveland, Texas Frankly, I believe very strongly in these values, and people like Bauer scare I am tired of the VA bashing that me silly with their ultra-right- This nation should not forget that it is regularly in Amer- takes place The approach to the issues. totally dependent on the American tax- Legion magazine. I am in the ican For example, he says the gay commu- payer for its greatness, its wealth and its radical pros- process of recovering from nity assaults the traditional values of good works. completing trate surgery for cancer and our nation. In ministry to both the E.VLitterell a series of radiation treatments as a heterosexual and the homosexual, I Springdale, Ark. truthfully that I follow-up. I can say find that the basic values are not only have never been treated better at any desired and practiced, they are Deliver us the hallucinations of medical facility, civilian or otherwise. from cherished and loved. I see the same Ernest R. Ekstrom those, like Bauer, who see conspiracies Vernon, Fla. where none exist. James Kimple Junction, N.J. Denial of disability compensation to VETVOICE Monmouth our distinguished former servicemen can only be described as a total disre- WE WANTYOUR OPINION The interview with Bauer hit home in gard for the suffering of these brave You can contact The Amer- every category. I was a plank owner on heroes. It is now time for Congress to ican Legion magazine two ways. the New Jersey and was in every major fulfill its promises to veterans. Call us at: engagement in the Pacific during World J. Edward Evans 1-900-740-VETS War II. So, you see, I'm used to fighting Hill, Fla. Spring to record your opinion and vote on for my country. I don't want to lose current issues and listen to the what we were fighting for and won. opinions of others. Calls cost $1 Robert A. Stahlmann The Values Front per minute and proceeds support Granville, N. Y. I read the interview with Gary Bauer Legion programs. A magazine ("Battle Over American Values," Feb- editor will listen to your message. ruary) with a great deal of interest. Callers' opinions are considered Better Letter printed the letter Bauer says that once upon a time, stu- for publication and receive a I can't believe you (Vetvoice, dents began the day with a prayer and symbol when published. from Frederick H. Hack February) with his concerns about the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag. Or you can write to: ultra-right-wing, simplistic articles. This is so true. No more. Patriotism and The American Legion magazine God, there's hope for you yet. morals have been thrown out. We have R0. Box 1055 My Florence M. Schneider taken a three-letter word out of the Indianapolis, IN 46206 Bellerose, N.Y. classroom and inserted four-letter The questions you can vote on words. and voice your opinions on this I agree with Hack. The ultra-right- Amu Sanborn month are: wing, simplistic articles and interviews Yantic, Conn. Should Congress end produc- that predominate our magazine betray tion of the Stealth bomber? (See the I have watched our great nation little awareness of the values and page 10.) going down the road of Rooseveltian reasons for our Bill of Rights. Has American business lost its for years. Bauer The interview with Gary Bauer socialism most of my competitive edge? (See page 26.) has hit the target on every point. I put it ("The Battle for American Values," a different way, however. Socialism 1-900-740-VETS February) is a fine example. Bauer during the past 60 years has rotted our Please turn page

4 THE AMERICAN LEGION .

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seems ignorant of European and Amer- non-profit, tax-exempt, charitable cor- in the wrong category. Although ican history and improperly ascribes poration headquartered in Turlock, retired, I had a part-time job, which some current societal problems to "de- Calif. For more than 30 years, the foun- apparently put me over some scale. fenders of the rights of Americans." dation has saved lives by providing Therefore, under the new rule, I was Must the Magna Carta be revisited? emergency medical identification serv- only allowed one visit. So even if the The appearance of an assault on tra- ices for people with hidden medical doctor found something wrong, he ditional American values like the fam- conditions. Medic Alert is the only couldn't see me again anyway. ily, patriotism, tough schooling and international non-profit provider of I found myself out in the hall. religion has really been an assault by such services. Perhaps I can sneak back someday the ultra-conservatives on our middle- The foundation's work has been disguised as a civilian and be treated. class economy. The traditional Amer- endorsed by hundreds of national and Henry T. Smith ican family has largely vanished international health organizations, East Hartford, Conn. because it takes more than one wage state and county medical societies, the earner to support the current middle- President and Surgeon General of the I'm vehemently opposed to the Rural class family. . Medic Alert Foundation Health Care Initiative. This program Robert W. Rasch International provides medical identifi- proposes to treat non-veterans, though Johnson City, Tenn. cation and information services to its there are many, many veterans turned 3.5 million members under its famous away as ineligible. Is our Congress and I wish to commend Hack for his and distinctive MEDIC ALERT mark. VA willing to allow dishonorable dis- cogent and timely letter about the As a non-profit, charitable organiza- charged veterans, illegal aliens and increasing right-wing articles in the tion, the Medic Alert Foundation Inter- those who left our country to avoid magazine. Let's have a little more bal- national has always maintained the serving in our VA hospitals and still ance in future articles. highest standards of excellence and have our veterans turned away? Robert W. Springer integrity in providing these vital, life- How ungrateful to those who have Wapakoneta, Ohio saving products and services. I hope served. this letter clarifies any confusion that Tom Stubblefield Jr. the advertisements may have caused. Portland, Ore. Homeward Bound Millions of people depend upon the of nation's military bases Many our foundation and on The American As an Army veteran, I wish to regis- are being deactivated. We should seize Legion magazine. We want them to ter my opposition to the proposal to the opportunity to make good use of know that their trust is well-placed. allow the expansion of VA's under- these bases. I can think of no better use K.W. Harms funded services to treat non-veterans. for these areas than for homes for our President Only by keeping a veterans-only policy veterans ("America's Homeless Veter- Medic Alert Foundation International can VA provide quality medical care to ans," February). the entitled veterans. Matt Minicozzi Howard J. Duhon Sr. Brentwood, N.Y. Foreign Lobbyists Jeanerette, La.

Money cannot buy compassion, but I can't believe the drafters of the Constitution the right to peti- compassion has to be the driving . intended tion Congress with foreign countries in I'll bet many homeless veterans could Info Before Aid ("Government for Sale," Feb- do some of the jobs in VA installations. mind I am against any aid to Russia until EdT. Multhauf ruary). I also doubt that they had large, they release all American prisoners. I lobbies in Elcho, Wis. financially powerful U.S. believe these prisoners are from World mind, either. War II and the . Many of Robert T. Story these U.S. POWs were in German Ad Alert Seneca Falls, N. Y. prison camps overrun by the Russian Many readers of The American army. Legion magazine may have been con- James M. Forsythe fused by advertisements that recently No Non-Veterans Lufkin, Texas ran in the magazine. These advertise- I have been reading about the idea of ments, sponsored by the so-called VA hospitals allowing non-veterans When I served in Vietnam, we would "Medical Alert Card Company," are in into their care for a fee. Let me tell you go to the rubber plantations to get drink- no way affiliated with Medic Alert of my own experience. ing water and at the plantations were

Foundation International. I went to the VA hospital in Newing- French servicemen who were slaves.

The cards issued by the sponsor of ton. Conn. , about a year ago. I was sent The will not be over until the advertisements are neither endorsed to a doctor's office. The nurse looked at the POW/MIA issue is settled. nor supported by Medic Alert Founda- my papers and explained the situation. Douglas Uehling tion International. The foundation is a I was not service-connected and I was Norton, Kan.

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GREAT MEN: ALLIED JUNGLE FIGHTERS BATTLED THE JAPANESE AND SAVED AUSTRALIA

from veterans, your help, some American young ASIDEhardly any American has people will join young Australians in a ever heard of the infam- three-week journey along the Kokoda ous Kokoda Trail. They Trail, beginning in June of this year, know nothing about this exactly 50 years since the original trek. treacherous 120-mile They will be accompanied by histo- track of leech-infested rians and others as they walk the trails swamps, saw-toothed their grandfathers walked and learn mountains and dense, what happened in New Guinea. When matted jungles. they return home, they will be able to They've never heard of Captain tell others the story of the Kokoda with Meredith Huggins, who assumed com- an understanding born of having actu- mand of the Army's 126th Infantry ally been there. And by doing so, the Regiment, 32nd Division, when his memory of what these men did, and its own commanding officer was killed by significance, will not be lost to future a Japanese sniper. Huggins and his 250 generations. out-gunned, battle-weary troops held I know of no other program any- off a battalion of Japanese jungle fight- where that offers such an opportunity ers for more than three weeks at a place for our young people to gain a real now known as "Huggins Road Block." appreciation for what World War II Sustaining heavy casualties, Huggins' soldiers endured to preserve the free- Nat 'I Cmdr. Dominic D. DiFrancesco men stood their ground, forced the doms we have today. enemy to retreat and opened a vital The American Legion is the only supply line in New Guinea for Allied breakers in his coal trucks. To me, he organization that can make this hap- . was the guy I looked up to. pen, so we must see to it that some of Most Americans also have never heard Bill joined the Army in late 1940 and our own have the opportunity to walk of Army Staff Sgt. Herman J. Bottcher on Dec. 7, 1941 , was at Schoffield the Kokoda Trail. who, with just 1 8 men, held his position Barracks. From there, he moved on to Your Post or Unit can send a young against an entrenched force of Japanese Australia and into New Guinea, where person on this trip of a lifetime for only numbering in the thousands. "He was he was killed on May 1 , 1944. $3,500 — that includes everything. I one of the bravest Americans I have I know he was proud to fight for his know that some Posts and Units will ever known," said one American gen- country, and I honor his memory. One want to send several. The RSL has eral. of my dreams is to walk the battlefield reserved 500 spots for American young They know little or nothing of the where he fought, and erect a memorial men and women, but we can send as vital role that a handful of American to him and to those who served with many as you can sign up. and Australian soldiers played in break- him. On this 19-day trip, these American ing the Japanese siege of New Guinea ambassadors will see the Kokoda Trail so MacArthur would have the forces I 'M TELLING you these stories as it was 50 years ago. Japanese fox- and supplies needed to retake the I because we have an opportunity to holes are still untouched, and American . I commemorate what these men did in and artillery still lie half But some of you were there. Some of a unique and lasting way. buried in the sand where they first you know men who fought there. And We can give some of our special encountered heavy enemy fire. Rusting some of you, like me, know someone young people the opportunity to see hulks of landing craft are offshore, only who died there. what these soldiers saw, feel what they a few feet below the surface. This is a

I remember Bill Macri, a man who felt, and live what they lived. land that time has forgotten. was like an uncle to me. Bill and his Today, The American Legion, work- When our young people return home brother were young orphans who came ing with Northwest Airlines and the to America, they will, for the first time out of Camden, N.J., by hopping Returned and Services League (RSL) of in their lives, truly understand the price freights and hitchhiking to live with Australia, is making this possible for a that was paid for freedom in the South their uncle Tony in Steelton, Pa. As a 6- select group of young men and women Pacific. They will know that World War year-old, Bill used to take me to the coal between the ages of 17 and 23. With Please turn to page 55

8 THE AMERICAN LEGION Few things ever affected your life so completely. A half-century has passed but, sometimes, it seems like yesterday. A time when battles were won and buddies were lost. We remember. We were there, too. And now, to com- NORTHWEST memorate those who served, Northwest is going back to Australia, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon WORLD Islands, the Coral Sea and other Southwest Pacific Theater sites. We would like you to join us. Call your travel agent or SatoTravel: 1-800-736-9899 for information. NORTHWEST AIRLINES (^J 7

Big issues

SHOULD CONGRESS END PRODUCTION OF THE STEALTH BOMBER?

Rep. John R. Kasich, R-Ohio Rep. Ike Skelton, D-Missouri

Since the conclusion of Maj. George C. Marshall, the Persian Gulf conflict, the future World War II it has become fashionable YES NO Army chief of staff, for proponents of the B-2 Stealth noted in 1923: "We start in the making of Bomber to argue that the war with Iraq adequate provisions and then turn demonstrates why we must spend abruptly in the opposite direction and another $40 billion to complete the B-2 abolish what has just been done." Sym- program. I believe that based on mission bolic of this change in direction is the requirements, the projected future mili- strong effort in Congress to kill the B-2 tary threat, and our own serious budget difficulties, Con- Stealth Bomber. gress acted wisely in deciding not to purchase any further We should continue building the B-2 for two reasons: B-2s in fiscal year 1992. First, to realize a significant national investment in a In the Gulf War, all U.S. military aircraft demonstrated revolutionary weapons technology. And second, to hedge

such superiority that it is implausible to argue we need against possible unfavorable world developments in the another $10 billion for a nuclear bomber. future. One of today's most popular B-2 rallying cries is that two Much the way the transformed naval warfare in B-2s could do the job of 75 conventional aircraft for less the early part of this century, stealth technology has already money. Unfortunately, those making this claim will never go transformed air combat. We have entered the era of aircraft

so far as to say which 75 aircraft they will retire when those that can be tracked by radar and those that cannot. The F- 1 1 two B-2s come on line. stealth fighter was the only allied plane to operate over

There should be no mistake about it. The B-2 was Baghdad in the Gulf War, and it proved itself in combat. intended to be a nuclear bomber designed to penetrate the The B-2 represents the most advanced evolution of stealth . And the original mission of the B-2 in the technology. It combines the survivability of the F-l 17 with nuclear role was its purported ability to attack strategic the payload and range of the B-52. One mission over Iraq relocatable targets such as mobile missiles. By 1990, how- required more than 65 aircraft to hit one target. Aircraft ever, then- Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. Larry D. Welch actually dropping bombs were less than half that number. admitted that the B-2's ability to attack such targets was not The rest were tankers, electronic aircraft and fighter escorts. a realistic near- or mid-term-capability, and would require Two B-2s could have undertaken that operation. Lives and prolonged development of advanced sensors. money can be saved by reducing the number of support The B-2's ability to perform conventional missions has aircraft now needed to escort unstealthy aircraft. been intensively publicized. We have no doubt it could Those wanting to end more than 10 years work on the B-2, perform such a mission, but we wonder about the cost- cite the end of the Cold War and budget deficits here at home. effectiveness of an $860 million "carpet bomber" in an Iraqi- They focus primarily on the B-2 program's high cost. Yet, it type scenario, given our already abundantly demonstrated would be penny wise and pound foolish to have completed sufficiency in cruise missiles and air-delivered precision all the engineering, tooling and production facilities, and weapons. then kill the program after building only 15 planes. Bomber

The fact is that no one can say that the B-2 will work as it funding follows a cyclical pattern. Initially high investment is supposed to. The General Accounting Office has reported is followed by a longlasting payback in deterrence. Today's that only 4 percent of the flight testing has been done. An B-2 will be flying 35 years from now. is April 199 1 GAO report indicates completion of the flight test The world remains a dangerous place and the future program has slipped from 1993 to 1995. uncertain. In such an uncertain world the B-2 will provide Whatever role the B-2 flexibility— being able to may or may not have, to head perform both nuclear and 1-900-740-VETS pell mell into full-scale pro- VETVOICE conventional operations.

duction without adequate test- To voice your thoughts on anything In The American Legion magazine, call Let us heed George Mar- VETVOICE 1-900-740-VETS. You can vote on current Issues, receive a tally ing, as B-2 proponents want, shall's warnings about the that Includes your vote, record your opinion, and hear opinions of others. is to put billions of tax dollars Calls cost $1 per minute and proceeds support Legion programs. perils of undoing measures at an indefensible risk. D for the national defense.

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State Zi p J1992 Garden Way Incorporated POWGate? have been sentenced to prison for their Television reporter Mark Sauter, co- role in the Jesuit murders, but no com- author of the forthcoming book, Secret parable effort has been made to bring Prisoners: U.S. POWs in the USSR, says guerrilla leaders to justice for the mur- live Americans could emerge out of ders of government officials and Amer- Russia in the next few months. icans. Salvadoran terrorists killed nine Sauter covered the issue for Seattle American servicemen, the last two as television station KIRO and recently they lay wounded in the wreckage of spent two weeks in Russia investigating their military helicopter. reports of missing Americans. He says Capitol Hill is still buzzing over he has "smoking gun" documents, reports that the U.S. Army has been obtained under the Freedom of Informa- caught collaborating with the San- tion Act, that will prove the U.S. gov- dinista army and security forces in ernment lied and covered up about Nicaragua. A report that the U.S. mili- Americans left behind from World War tary attache to the Amercian embassy II, , Vietnam and the Cold War. in Managua was given a medal by San- During his recent trip to Russia, dinista Army Chief Humberto Ortega financed by the National Alliance of outraged national security hard-liners. Families, Sauter gave Russian authori- They hope to derail a reported United ties the names of 121 Americans who States plan to help the Sandinista police could be alive there. But he says the disarm remaining Contras and gun- number of Americans taken prisoner by r toting civilians. the Soviets could have reached into the thousands. ATCH Buchanan Shut Out? A joint Russian-American commis- The debut of the non-telegenic ex- sion has been established to resolve the By CliffKincaid White House chief of staff John Sununu reports. But Sauter would like to see as the replacement for Pat Buchanan on one of the POW investigators, recently sial Benjamin Bradlee. Downie is no CNN's popular Crossfire may be more fired by Sen. Jesse Helms, go back to Bush Republican but he apparently than temporary. Moscow to pursue live sightings. wants to give the administration a fair When Buchanan took leave to chal- Sauter, an Army veteran, told The shake in news coverage. The Post's lenge President Bush in the primaries, American Legion magazine, "I never conservative rival, The Washington CNN executives said he was part of the believed our government would do this. Times, jokingly called the pro-Quayle network's "family" and would be wel- I never believed the government would series, which reversed many of The comed back if his campaign folded. But abandon its people." But the evidence, Post's earlier judgments about Quayle, CNN is now dropping hints that anti- he says, convinced him otherwise. the longest correction ever run by a Semitism charges against Buchanan by newspaper. the National Review and others have Vietnam Business But The Times, the crown jewel in Sun damaged him severely. Friends of Business interests, planning massive Myung Moon's money-losing media Buchanan say CNN may simply be new investments in communist Viet- empire, is not laughing about its own looking for an excuse to keep his nam, are increasing on the financial problems. They are so severe aggressive conservatism off the air.

United States to accelerate normalizing that media analysts speculate it might relations now that Europe and fold. Insight, The Times' weekly news have broken the U.S. -led embargo. magazine, also might fold. A high-level Pressure On Yeltsin Karen Elliott House, a vice president of source admits, "the clock is ticking." American officials are expected to Dow Jones, publisher of The Wall Street But a closed Insight might free up Moon press Russian President Boris Yeltsin to Journal, signaled the stepped-up cam- resources to keep The Times afloat a dismiss Yevgeniy Primakov as chief of paign in a dispatch from Hanoi, which while longer. Russian foreign intelligence. Primakov brushed aside the issue of "dead [U.S.] is believed to be behind the continuing servicemen." Expect to see more Cozy With Communists Russian espionage operations directed stories from Vietnam claiming its rulers against the United States that have ' Look for the administration to take have turned capitalist and that Amer- alarmed FBI officials. heat over its handling of Central Amer- icans are missing a chance to make big ican affairs, as some members of Con- profits. gress make the case that the United Make Japan Pay States is getting too cozy with the com- Expect members of Congress to The New Post munists in Central America. introduce legislation to pull the 50,000 Washington insiders claim The Wash- Critics cite the U.S. -approved peace American troops out of Japan unless ington Post's surprisingly favorable pro- accord in El Salvador. It will dismantle the Japanese reimburse the United file of Vice President Dan Quayle ear- the Salvadoran military but bring the States for all the costs of keeping them lier this year reflected the influence of Cuban-backed guerrillas into a new there, estimated at $7.4 billion a year. new executive editor Leonard Downie national police force. The Japanese currently pay only about Jr., who took over from the controver- They also note that army officers 45 percent.

12 THE AMERICAN LEGION Your second chance to take home a legend. Introducing the colt mmm

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Your American legion HELPING AMERICA'S YOUTH

1990, more than Despite the impact 457 in Phelps, N.Y Williamson also 376,000 children were raises between $1 ,000 and $2,000 a sexually abused. Thou- of drugs and abusive year for The Trooper Foundation via sands used drugs. And state-sponsored lotteries. parents, there are nNmany committed suicide. "Our brochures educate children and Fortunately, there is an ways The Legion can parents about the reality of child abuse organization that can and how to prevent it," says William C. help—The American Le- help kids and protect Trigg III, executive director of The gion Child Welfare Foun- them from harm. Trooper Foundation. "We hope that our dation, Inc. program will give kids more knowledge Thanks to the compassion and about how to protect themselves from generosity of Garland D. Murphy, abuse." a former Department Commander • To help children understand of Arkansas, The American Legion epilepsy, The American Legion helped establish The American Child Welfare Foundation gave Legion Child Welfare Foundation, The Epilepsy Foundation of a charitable organization that has America in Landover, Md., a helped many young people avoid $18,300 grant. sexual abuse, avoid drugs and dis- With the money, The Epilepsy miss thoughts of suicide by Foundation of America repro- funding educational programs. In duced 2,000 copies of a video enti- 1953, the Legion's National tled "I Have Epilepsy, Too." Executive Committee approved According to Ann Scherer, director the establishment of the Founda- of information and education, the tion and it became a reality in nine-minute video features eight 1954. The organization will cele- children between the ages of 7 and brate its 38th birthday this year. 1 1 who discuss what it's like to "It's impossible to say just how have epilepsy. many children have been saved by "Every study indicates that there The American Legion Child Wel- are many serious misunderstand- fare Foundation," says National ings about epilepsy," Scherer says. Commander Dominic D. DiFran- "These tapes will teach children cesco. "We can't stop big-city vio- that epilepsy and the people who lence, we can't rid America's have it are nothing to be afraid of. streets of drug dealers, we can't • The National Crime Preven- put an end to sexual abuse . . . but tion Council (NCPC) in Washing- we can reach out to our young ton, D.C., received a $13,950 people, educate them and show grant from the Foundation. CARING —Karen Sloan of the Epilepsy Associa- them that there is a choice." The NCPC used the money to tion of East Central Indiana reviews brochures How does the American Legion with the Legion's Terry Woodburn. produce a collection of brochures Child Welfare Foundation deliver called the "We are Drug Free Teen its message? Action Kit." Some 4,000 of these In 1991-1992, the Foundation fare Foundation allowed The Trooper anti-drug kits, which included informa- awarded $373,900 to 14 non-profit Foundation of New York State to pro- tion on drugs, drunk driving and organizations that work with children. duce 300,000 pieces of literature on tobacco, were mailed to schools and Here are just a few of the many pro- child abuse, currently being distributed another 500 were sent to community grams that this money made possible. by New York State police officers and organizations. • As in the rest of the country child Legionnaires. "Programs like ours would be impos- abuse cases in New York State are on One Legionnaire who is actively sible without the support of organiza- the rise. Fortunately, a $21 .000 grant assisting this program is Norman tions such as The American Legion from The American Legion Child Wei- Williamson of the Seeley B. Parish Post Please turn to page 48

14 THE AMERICAN LEGION " PEARL HARBOR

On December 7th 1941 the Japanese Imperial Navy launched a massive 1941 YEARS 1991 pre-emptive air strike against the U.S. Pacific Fleet, based at Pearl Harbor. Authentic This act of aggression will be Die-Cast Models remembered as one of the most historically important events Commemoratingthe entry of of the Second World War, bringing as it did, the United States the U.S. ArmedForces into of America into the conflict. the Second World War The models in this set represent These two commemorative sets have typical vehicles used by the been made with care and attention by U.S. Navy and U.S. Marine t skilled craftsmen. All the models have been carefully researched and include Corps during this period. ^ \ fine detail in both the castings and the printed military markings.

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(Mandatory on all Credit Card Orders) Name Address THEPUZZLEBRAINWASHING

intervening years, brainwashing tum- By Robert McGarvey PAIN AND bled from public awareness until—the Baghdad parade of Allied POWs. NE after another the seven ISOLATION Can brainwashing, in fact, occur? m Allied airmen trooped Maybe so, but the facts are not I before the whirring TV always what they appear to be, I cameras in Baghdad. Each CAN FORCE according to retired Navy Vice Admiral I in turn denounced Desert James B. Stockdale, a Medal of Honor B Storm. Said Navy Lieu- "CONFESSIONS." recipient who endured seven years as a tenant Jeffrey Zaun: "I POW in Vietnam. condemn the war against BUT CAN BASIC "Pain, fear, isolation can prod a man peaceful Iraq." Added into doing things he wouldn't otherwise Marine Chief Warrant Officer Guy do. That's not the same as brainwash- Hunter: "Our leaders and our people BELIEFS BE ing," says Stockdale. "Americans are have wrongly attacked the peaceful fascinated with brainwashing because people of Iraq. I think this war is ERASED IN it lets us be more comfortable with the crazy." fact that a man was forced to do this or Were these men brainwashed? Is it HOURS? that. And you can be forced— don't possible that, after just a few hours in think you cannot. In Vietnam, we the hands of a mind controller, we can [POWs] all gave up something and, be transformed into somebody entirely afterwards, we dealt with what we did. different? We didn't take an easy route out by Just asking those questions provokes saying we'd been brainwashed." a worried fear and, with it, memories of "As men, we like to think of our- the Korean War where several thousand selves as being able to resist all that U.S. POWs underwent prolonged tor- pressure," adds psychotherapist Jack ture and brainwashing. When that war Smith, former director of the Depart- finally ended, some 20 U.S. POWs ment of Veterans Affairs Center For refused repatriation to the United Stress Recovery. "We men have a great States, saying they preferred life in a deal more difficulty acknowledging our communist regime. frailty and what happens with pain." The Manchurian Candidate jumped to Much the same is reported by Dr. the top of the best-seller lists and William Shadish, a Redding, Calif., anxieties about "sleepers" — brain- physician who was a POW in Korea for washed men who would act only at a 33 months. "Brainwashing did not later date— rocked the press, university happen in Korea. The communists tried research labs, and government. That to do it; they were very unsuccessful." was a generation ago. However, in the Vivid proof is that while there was the

Robert McGarvey TORTURED— For sev- eral days, Iraqis is afree-lance writer starved, blind- who contributes folded, denied frequently sleep and beat to this Marine Chief magazine. Warrant Of- ficer Guy i Hunter.

16 THE AMERICAN LEGION . -

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Mail today to: BLAIR®, WARREN, PA 16366 QUALITY AND VALUE SINCE 1910 handful who elected to stay behind also told why they said what they did. torture devices, electroshock therapy, when the war ended, the vast majority Hunter, for instance, reported that he'd mind-altering drugs, hypnosis and sen- of the 7,140 American POWs returned been kept blindfolded, starved, denied sory deprivation have all been used to home. sleep and beaten for several days. "I felt get targeted persons to do the bidding of "Maybe the reason why those few pure terror," says Hunter, and that was various agents and agencies of con- didn't immediately return is even sim- when he agreed to step before the trol," write Zimbardo and co-author pler than brainwashing," says Shadish. cameras. Susan Andersen in USA Today Magazine. "The explanation is collaboration, not Does all this mean we can breathe While such attempts may succeed over brainwashing. Those men didn't return easily, that brainwashing is a myth? the short term, they invariably have home because they knew they better Don't leap to that conclusion just yet. failed over the long term. not— they'd been told as much by their While brainwashing may not happen For proof, Zimbardo points to CIA- fellow POWs," he says. with any frequency in a POW camp, in sponsored brainwashing experiments in "Fact is, it's easy to 'break' another everyday life— where defenses are Canada during the 1950s. Led by person," says Sen. John McCain of dropped— there's a more worrisome Montreal psychiatrist Dr. Ewen Arizona, who spent almost six years as story to tell. Cameron, the research exposed some a POW in Vietnam. "Forty-eight hours 100 unsuspecting patients to the full is sufficient time. With a skilled inter- BRAINWASHING is a reality, a fact range of advanced techniques— from rogator, no food, no sleep or water, you of life. We like to think it cannot mind-bending drugs through sleep can get a statement." happen, baloney!" says Los Angeles deprivation and round-the-clock lis- "But achieving conversion to a cause mind researcher Jim Takacs, who par- tening to brainwashing tapes. While a or way of life is an entirely more com- ticipated in the Air Force's post-Korea number of patients apparently suffered plex matter," says British researcher brainwashing investigations. "Just as lasting brain damage (and eventually William Sargant, whose book, Battle we can program computers," adds were awarded compensation by the for the Mind, is a classic on the subject. Takacs, "we can program human U.S. government for their unwitting "It is one thing to make the mind of a beings. That's the threat. But as big as participation in the research), none normal person break down under intol- that threat is, the bigger problem is, emerged from the experiments brain- erable stress, eradicate old ideas and people have black-balled the very con- washed. behavior patterns, and plant new ones cept. We need to stop running away "They tried to change people's

in the vacant soil," says Sargant. "It is from it and study it. That's the only way thoughts by putting them into a state of quite another to make these new ideas to fight it." complete confusion, but it didn't take firm root." As a starting point, Philip Zimbardo, work," says Leonard Rubenstein, an Vivid proof of Sargant' s point came a Stanford University psychology pro- attorney who represented the former when Desert Storm ended. Upon re- fessor, tells how not to brainwash a patients in their suit. lease, Allied POWs swiftly recanted person; and that's to rely on sophisti- So how does brainwashing occur? any denunciations of the war and they cated technology. Granted, "exquisite "When it happens, it's so smooth you don't even know it's going on," says Dr. Shadish. According to Zimbardo and Ander- sen, "Effective mind control exists in the most mundane aspects of human existence: the inner pressure to be bonded to other people; the power of group norms to influence behavior; and the force of social rewards such as a smile, praise, a gentle touch. It is people in convincing social situations, not gadgets or gimmicks, that control the minds of other people." For instance, recent history's most publicized case of successful brain- washing, the Jonestown mass suicides. They involved nothing magical, noth-

ing high-tech . Most of the 9 1 2 People ' s Temple members willingly swallowed

the poisoned drinks and they did it because of those "group " Zimbardo and Andersen warn about. More commonplace are the tens of thousands of battered women who refuse to leave the who beat them, O men o or the employees at universities — whose employers routinely over charge FREE CHOICE — Only 20 Korean War POWs stayed behind. Many say it was collab- the government for work performed. oration, not brainwashing. Above, ex-POWs arrive In San Francisco. Please turn to page 50

18 THE AMERICAN LEGION —

HELL BEGINS This photo's original caption said: "The bearded, weary heroes of the epic defense of Corregidor, rock fortress of Manila Bay, being marched away to captivity. " One sixth died in the march.

THE OFFICIAL PRESS RELEASE

HE FACTUAL and official back and fight the Japanese. EDITOR'S NOTE story of how the Japanese tor- These three officers stated that many The Japanese completed their tured, starved to death and more American prisoners of war died— World War II conquest of the sometimes wantonly murdered mostly of starvation, forced hard labor, Philippines by brutally overtaking American and Filipino sol- and general brutality— than the the Bataan peninsula in April diers who had been taken pris- Japanese ever reported. At the Camp 1942. They captured 600,000 I oner on Bataan and Cor- O'Donnell prison, about 2,200 Amer- American and Filipino prisoners regidor was jointly released ican prisoners died in April and May and marched them 70 miles without last night by the Army and 1942. Still heavier mortality occurred food, water or rest. Over 100,000 Navy among the Filipino prisoners of war at died. When the survivors were lib- This report deals exclu- Camp O'Donnell. erated, their story, "The March of sively with the records of Navy The calculated Japanese campaign of Death," was compiled in this War Cmdr. Melvyn H. McCoy, Coast Artil- brutality against the battle-spent, Department press release, dated lery Corps Lt. Col. S.M. Mellnik and hungry American and Filipino soldiers Jan. 27-28, 1944. No ordinary Army Air Corps Lt. Col. William E. on Bataan began as soon as they surren- handout, it told a shocked nation Dyess, all of whom escaped from the dered. an unforgettable story of horror Philippines after almost a year as In what was thereafter known among and courage. We thank free-lance Japanese prisoners. After he made his its survivors as "The March of Death," writer Therese Whitbeck, of Omaha, statement to the War Department, Col. U.S. and Filipino prisoners were for the hours of research that uncov- Dyess was killed in a crash of his fighter marched in groups of 500 to 1 ,000 men, ered this historic document. plane, while he was preparing to go along the national road off Bataan

APRIL 1992 19 2231 MARCH

toward San Fernando in Pampanga Province. Those marchers who still had per- sonal belongings were stripped of them; the Japanese slapped and beat them with sticks, as they marched along without food or water on a scorch- ingly hot day. Col. Dyess gave this description: "A Japanese soldier took my canteen, gave the water to a horse, and threw the canteen away. We passed a Filipino prisoner of war who had been bayo- neted. Men recently killed were lying along the road- side, many had been run over and flattened by Jap- anese trucks. Patients bombed out of a nearby hospital, half dazed and wandering about in paja- mas and slippers, were thrown into our marching column of prisoners. What

their fate was I do not know. At 10 o'clock that night we were forced to retrace our march for two hours, for no apparent reason. LONG ROAD— Americans prepare to "Before daylight the next morning, march (top); near the end, they carried the eleventh, we were awakened and comrades in improvised stretchers. marched down the road. Japanese trucks speeded by. A Japanese soldier on one of them swung his rifle and knocked an American prisoner uncon- "Throughout the twelfth, we were scious beside the road. introduced to a form of torture which "Through the dust clouds and blis- came to be known as the sun treatment. tering heat, we marched that entire day We were made to sit in the boiling sun without food. We were allowed to drink all day long without cover. We had very dirty water from a roadside stream at little water. Many of us went crazy and noon. Some time later three officers several died. The Japanese dragged out were taken from our marching column, the sick and delirious. Three Filipino thrown into an automobile and driven and three American soldiers were

off. I never learned what became of buried while still alive. them. "On the thirteenth, each of those "Our guards repeatedly promised us who survived was given a mess kit of

food, but never produced it. The night rice. We were given another full day of of the eleventh, we again were searched the sun treatment. At nightfall, we were and then the march resumed. Totally forced to resume our march. We done in, American and Filipino pris- marched without water until dawn of oners fell out frequently, and threw April 14, with one two-hour interval themselves moaning beside the road- when we were permitted to sit beside side. The stronger were not permitted to the roadside. help the weaker. We then would hear "The very pace of our march itself shots behind us. was a torture. Sometimes we had to go

20 stood in line for six to ten hours to get a drink. They wore the same clothing without change for a month and a half. After the prisoners had been at Camp AMERICAN O'Donnell for one week, the death rate POWs died among American soldiers was 20 a day, and among Filipino soldiers, 150 a day. mostly from After two weeks, the death rate had increased to a day among storvotion, 50 Americans and 500 a day among Filipinos. To find forced hord labor men strong enough to dig graves was a problem. and brutality. One dilapidated building was set aside and called a hospital. Hundreds of men lay naked on the bare floor without covering of any kind. There was no very fast, with the Japanese pacing us medicine of any kind. The doctors had on bicycles. At other times, we were not even water to wash human waste forced to shuffle along very slowly. The from their patients. Some afflicted with muscles of my legs began to draw and dysentery remained out in the weather each step was an agony. near the latrines until they died. "I made that march of about 85 miles Men shrank from 200 pounds to 90. in six days on one mess kit of rice," said They had no buttocks. They were Col. Dyess. "Other Americans made human skeletons. 'The March of Death' in 12 days, The Japanese promised medicines, without any food whatever. Much of the but never produced them. time, of course, they were given the sun The sick, as well as those merely treatment along the way." starving, were forced into labor details by the Japanese. Many times, men did #** not return from work. By May 1 , 1942, The prisoners taken at Corregidor, only about 20 out of every company of among whom were Cmdr. McCoy and 200 were able to go on work details. Col. Mellnik, had no experience quite Many died in the barracks overnight. like the death march. But after the sur- Frequently, for no apparent reason, the render, the 7,000 Americans and 5,000 prisoners were forced to line up and Filipinos were concentrated in a former stand in the sun for hours.

balloon station known as the Kindley Around June 1 , the American pris- Field Garage area— by that time only a oners at Camp O'Donnell were sepa- square of concrete about 100 yards to rated from their Filipino comrades in the side, with one side extending into arms and moved to Cabanatuan Con- the water of the bay. centration Camp in Luzon. There, Col. The 12,000 prisoners, including all Dyess joined Col. Mellnik and Cmdr. the wounded who were able to walk, McCoy. were kept on this concrete floor without Conditions at Cabanatuan were food for a week. There was only one slightly improved— there was adequate water spigot for the 12,000 men and a drinking water, and muddy seepage 12-hour wait to fill a canteen was the wells provided water for bathing. usual rule. After seven days the men Rice remained the principal diet at received their first rations— one mess Cabanatuan. On one occasion the kit of rice and a can of sardines. Japanese gave the American prisoners The Corregidor prisoners were three chickens for 500 men, and on forced to march through Manila on May another occasion, 50 eggs for 500 men. 23, 1942, having previously been Officers were not forced to work at forced to jump out of the barges which Cabanatuan, but men were literally brought them over from the island worked to death. It was not unusual for while they were still a hundred yards 20 percent of the enlisted work detail to from the beach. Thus, said Col. be worked to death. In one instance, 75 Mellnik, "we were marched through percent were killed that way. Manila presenting the worst appear- The death rate at Cabanatuan for ance possible— wet, bedraggled, hun- June and July 1942 was 30 Americans a > gry, thirsty, and many so weak from day, according to the sworn statements 1 illness they could hardly stand." of the three officers. The rate for August

§ There were virtually no water 1942 was more than 20 a day. s facilities at Camp O ' Donnell . Prisoners Please turn to page 52 22 THE AMERICAN LEGION x lUiWW KE mI wW Kw HOT SPOTS THAT THREATEN WORLD PEACE

Massachusetts Sen. John Kerry, who chairs a congressional Experts expect the world to shift subcommittee dealing principally with threats of this nature. from superpower confrontotion As always, the Mideast is a particular hotbed of such activ- ity. to guerrillo worfore. Cheop, The new and frightening part is that anti-American Middle but high-tech, weopons will help Eastern factions no longer need to use the Soviet Union as a surrogate in their battle against "The Great Satan." In the spreod terrorism. And old allies past, a nation like Syria spent much of its time trying to as enemies. orchestrate a military showdown between Washington and may emerge new Moscow, using oil-related issues or the Arab-Israeli conflict •••••••••••••i as a catalyst. In coming years, however, technology will allow even the By Steve Salerno smallest Mideast entity, acting on its own, to do significant damage to the United States and its global interests. Plus, there are fears that former Soviet nuclear scientists may hire HILE last year's remarkable turn of events themselves out to the highest bidder. in the Soviet Union would bode well for What's more, many of these rabid groups — unlike world peace, most experts agree it's a bit Moscow— are all too ready to sacrifice the lives of thousands early to begin talking about Utopia or the or millions of their own fellow citizens to prove a point— as advent of President Bush's "new world Saddam Hussein amply demonstrated during the Gulf War. order." Of course, the threat is not limited to the Middle East. According to Sen. Hank Brown of Colo- Throughout the globe, in years to come, "you'll see rado, the old Soviet republics still "retain factionalized groups using terrorism as a tool to make a W a thermonuclear force that is dramatically statement," says Kerry. The goal of these groups would not bigger than our own," even though they have forsworn the be to engage the United States in battle, but merely to "get aggressive communist policies that gave rise to America's our attention." Self-defense in these instances would be less military fears. like fighting a war and more like hunting down a particularly More important, military analysts have long believed that fiendish serial killer. many of the gravest threats to America's future security were Combating this threat is made more difficult by the never likely to emanate from the Kremlin anyway. That's continuing process of global decentralization. As additional because the theory of mutually assured destruction— they countries achieve self-government, it becomes that much kill us, we kill them—was unthinkable for both superpowers. harder for the superpowers to monitor or control covert Quite a different picture emerges when you assess the activities worldwide. growing roster of Third World countries, and even individual The increasingly sophisticated and deadly guerrilla political factions, who have or soon will attain the means to actions that experts foresee include eco-terrorism, biological deploy ultra-modern weapons and terror networks. or chemical assaults on civilian populations, and the use of Experts anticipate a shift away from direct military electromagnetic pulse (EMP) devices to disable vital com- confrontation and toward more guerrilla-type actions, says puter networks. Robert Kupperman, senior adviser at the Center for Steve Salerno frequently writes for The American Legion Strategic and International Studies in Washington, D.C., magazine from . says the irony here is that "we're training many of these

APRIL 1992 23 people. They come here as foreign exchange students or through work-study programs, then they take their engineering or scientific know-how back home with them." The new world order is still very hazy, and you can't tell the good guys from the bad guys without a scorecard, updated weekly. But here are what the experts currently say are the most likely threats to world peace.

BRAZIL: Third World politics meets 21st Century weaponry. Brazil stands at, or perhaps, over the threshold of nuclear capability. The South American giant is believed to have at least a working prototype of a nuclear device, and thanks in part to our own NASA is well on its way to perfecting a credible delivery system. Even though U.S. -Brazil relations have been generally cordial, unstable wings in the Brazilian military could pose a threat if they undertake a coup d'etat. COMMUNISM has few remaining bastions, but still Brazil also has served as an arms conduit for other South promotes its brand of socialism. American nations seeking to become militarily sophisticated. President Fernando Collor de Mello has promised to clamp down on this illicit weapons activity. But given the nation's economic problems and overwhelmingly negative balance of trade, there's a strong financial incentive for Brazil to continue in this area. Finally, Castro's agitators (see below) are hard at work in Brazil, nurturing anti-Americanism. What to watch for: Increased anti-American rhetoric; political inroads by the socialist party or communist sym- pathizers.

THE CAUCASUS: A cornucopia of dangerous vari- ables.

This region of South Central Asia is a cluster of discontent, featuring three breakaway Soviet republics — Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan— which themselves comprise four additional mini-nations. And they all want autonomy. "A mess on a map" was how the The Economist recently described the problems of the Caucasus. Its a haphazard jumble of creeds and cultures, freedom-seekers and old-style militarists, overlaid upon widespread civil unrest and a woeful economy. None of the nations get along very well with each other, nor with Turkey, the region's closest Western neighbor, or the Russian Republic itself. One Georgian general created a stir last year by issuing a cryptic warning: If the region ever was to erupt in all-out violence, said the general, "no one should think that we wouldn't take others down with us." These kinds of Cold War doomsday threats must be taken seriously because of the large number of tactical nuclear weapons believed to be stockpiled and deployed there, intended for use against NATO. Russia has promised that any weapons located in outlying areas of what was once the Soviet Union, will remain under central control. However, local instabilities could play havoc with such intentions — especially in light of recent doubts about Moscow's authority over its troops in matters of internal security. An added factor is the region's relatively high Muslim population and the natural sympathies of those people toward Arab nations. Desert Storm was not well received in certain areas of the Caucasus. The big question: Can we depend on these evolving .

nations to remain friendly and rational amid their own, all- pervading socio-political strife? What to watch for: Civil war, entailing one or more coups of the sort that toppled Gorbachev.

CUBA: Still just 90 miles away. The widening perception of Fidel Castro as something of a benevolent old "teddy bear" may be a fatal mistake. "Castro is a dictator with a dictator's mentality," observes Sen. Brown, noting that Castro may well see Cuba as the last bastion of true communist doctrine. At the same time that relations between the United States and the Soviet Union are improving, Cuba is stepping up its infiltration activities, channeling both supplies and subversive expertise to anti- democracy insurgents throughout the Western hemisphere and as far away as Angola. Cuba has also played a leading role in the trafficking of sophisticated armaments as well as weapons-grade materials

banned under the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty of 1 968 What to watch for: Increasing Cuban operations in politically unsettled areas of South America and Africa.

GERMANY: Reclaiming its "rightful" place in world affairs?

There are ominous signs that a revitalized nationalism is brewing in this reunited industrial power. "For every European problem there should be a Europea'n ," Germany's foreign minister, Hans-Dietrich Genscher, recently stressed. It was part of a geopolitical program that observers interpreted as a call for Europe to move away from its American influences, thus allowing Germany to reclaim its "rightful place" in European affairs. As if to underscore the point, Germany and have established a 50,000-man joint army that apparently will operate independently of NATO. Those same nations have shown contempt for international restrictions on the proliferation of weapons of mass destruc- tion. In Germany, the violations have occurred at both the corporate and government levels. Thus, analysts are left wondering whether German leadership values profit over principle. Observers also point to a small, but increasingly vocal, neo-Nazi movement among Germany's youth. What to watch for: A growing of militarism, accom- panied by an ongoing disdain for nonproliferation codes.

IRAN: The (ill) will of the people knows no bounds. The good news here is the Rafsanjani governments seeming intent to gradually break ranks with the harsh policies of Khomeini. The bad news is the will of the Iranian people, who traditionally have been among the most volatile Mideast factions in terms of anti-Americanism. The burning of U.S. flags and presidential effigies has become commonplace in latter-day Iran.

Iran's greatest threat is its demonstrated willingness to support provocative military confrontations into which the United States could be drawn. Iran will aggressively sponsor terrorism, according to Kupperman, and when the chips are down, will team with arch-enemy Iraq against U.S. interests, as we saw at the outset of Desert Storm. As Iran continues to MILITARISM grows in Japan, where economic might is more powerful than parading weapons. make scientific progress, "there is no telling what Iranian Please turn to page 60

25 ROBERT H. WATERMAN JR

GREED, EGOS AND THE DECLINE OF

AMERICAN BUSINESS

Business served us well until the lost decade.

Now it is ot o crossroads, argues business expert Robert Waterman Jr. Can it create long-term wealth for the nation orjust short-term profits for a few?

HE book swept through corporate America Bob Waterman: At a crossroads. The system of business and beyond like a prairie fire. It sat atop The organization that we've been using for more than a century New York Times best seller list for 40 weeks in has served us well. American companies produced goods in 1982, and to date has sold more than 5 million quantity, and in general delivered them cheap. Factories and copies. assembly lines hummed thanks to a well-defined division In Search Excellence dealt with business, of of labor, specialization of tasks and lots of management but in a way that turned on even the most control. stodgy executives. Robert Waterman and his The profit motive spurred investment and innovation, the T co-author, Tom Peters, profoundly changed products of which have allowed us to enjoy one of the highest the way millions view the workplace. They argued that the living standards in the world. The problem, and the reason most successful companies were exciting places to work. we're at a crossroads, is that in a lot of ways that system is These firms let people take chances; backed "champions" of now starting to break down. new products and ideas; encouraged human values; and made money to boot. Q- What's so different about today? Despite some fail- Today, Waterman says attaining excellence is much ings in the educational system, aren't we still substantially tougher, international competition is stiffer, and conven- the same nation, and in fact the only remaining super- tional organizations no longer act fast enough to deal in this power? global marketplace. The United States certainly is that. But I don't believe Then there's the question of whether business itself can be A that many people truly realize that on the economic trusted. In the 1980s, the banking industry was rocked by front, just how easy the United States had it after World War scandal and American corporations pursued debt-ridden II. We were the major power in a world that experienced mergers and acquisitions that enriched a few at the expense mostly unhindered economic growth. of many. A lot of critical American industries, from transportation A Denver native, Waterman heads his own management to banking, were protected by government regulation. consulting firm in San Francisco and sits on the boards of Executives could make all kinds of fundamental business several major corporations. His latest book, as yet untitled, errors, sell products that were merely adequate, bloat com- analyzes the human dimension of American business organi- panies with large staffs, and the growth and regulation zations. It will be released this fall. Waterman spoke with allowed them to make money despite their mistakes. It's no The American Legion magazine about the past, present wonder that we grew smug and complacent. and f uture of American business.

American Legion Magazine: Given all the mergers 0. And then...? and leveraged buyouts of the 1980s, the tremendous com- A And then the Japanese came to the fore in the 1970s and petition from Japan and Europe, and now a recession, 1980s, especially in autos and consumer electronics. where does American business now stand? For one thing, Japan engaged in trade practices that in some

26 THE AMERICAN LEGION cases wouldn't be legal in the United States, but which gave them a world advantage. HIGHLIGHT Perhaps more important, they started to beat American firms because of their emphasis on quality. For example, at a time when televisions frequently broke down early in their life and were hard and expensive to repair, one of America's top television makers believed it had a The American attitude: 7 don't believe that breakthrough with a set that was easy to fix. A technician many people truly realize, that on the could just slide out the busted part and put in a replacement. economic front just how easy the United But the Japanese developed televisions and other electronic States it after 11,., goods that rarely broke in the first place. had World War we grew Consumers are smart. They buy quality. Only in the past smug and complacent" few years have American companies realized that it takes total quality to compete internationally. Workers: "Shouldn 't management treat people as an asset more important than a steam Q- Are you suggesting that American companies behave boiler?" like Japanese organizations? In the quest for total quality, but not organizationally. A Free enterprise: "A system that's as free as ours Most Americans would feel stifled in a Japanese com- pany culture, where everyone has to blend in; or as the old tends to produce opportunities for oppor- metaphor goes, be the nail that's hammered down. But oddly tunists." enough, in some ways that's just how American companies have treated workers for a century. Greed: "Some of the brightest minds in the Under the command-and-control system of management, country could and should have been the boss gave detailed orders that workers were supposed to working on creating wealth. Instead, they follow, without variation or thought. Managers ostensibly removed it from the system and put it in had the big brains. In reality, it's the down-line people, the employees closest to the work, who know more about how to their pockets. Real wealth got destroyed." Please turn to page 58

APRIL 1992 27 THE AMERICAN LEGION "It's the biggest single problem in consumer protection today, without question," says Dale Sekovich of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC). Although perhaps $100 billion worth j u m k of products change hands via legitimate telephone sales, consumers are also being bilked out of more than $1 billion per year, according to FTC figures. Other estimates run much higher. Noted consumer advocate Betty Fur- ness maintains that American citizens are losing as much as $1 million an hour to shady telemarketing operations. Some of these losses result from out- right fraud. In 1988, a California tele- marketer was sentenced to six years in prison for his part in a "special give- away" scheme. peddlers bother you, you're not alone. His marks were told they had been According to an Inc. magazine survey, randomly selected to receive one of five 83 percent prefer not to receive junk prizes, including a car and a phone calls; 41 percent cut these calls vacation. All the lucky consumers had short; and 26 percent just hang up. to do was ante up $962 apiece to avoid But the calls keep coming. gift taxes on their winnings. Needless to Why does the sales business rely so Please turn to page 62 heavily on telemarketing? It's basic economics. With the cost of an in-person sales call hovering at $400 in many industries, a 50-cent phone call Con Men Call Dollar is an extremely cost-effective sales tool. Person-To-Person Thanks to new technology, telemar- keters are a new breed of electronic YOU DON'T need a telephone pitch men. They can place junk phone to be scammed. It can be done Wrong calls that are nearly impossible to face to face, eye to eye. avoid. And the chances are, the phone When 84-year-old Grace Single- call will be computer dialed, and you'll tary heard the salesman's assur- be listening to a recorded message. ance that he was "a native Nebraska Number Even people with unlisted numbers are boy brought up with high morals," at their mercy. What makes it worse, the Dawson, Ga. , widow knew she these computer messages tie up your couldn't go wrong. She invested phone until the sales pitch has been $20,000 in a film company that completed, whether you hang up or not. was a sham. Singletary lost her By Kathy Egan The Federal Communications Com- nest egg. mission (FCC) considers this line- There's no shortage of cons— seizing to be illegal. Nevertheless, investment swindles alone plunder

HE PHONE rings just as some firms continue to do it. $40 billion a year. Even when the you're getting settled in your For Alan Schlesinger, a Boston- nation's economy flounders, tough favorite chair after a hearty based attorney, going after firms that times are boom times for con art- dinner. It's a salesman use junk phone calls became a crusade. ists. "The field is especially fertile calling— some guy who needs He spent five years trying to have his in recessions," says Scott Stapf, "only a few minutes" of your name purged from the cold-calling director of Investor Education with I time. You try to let him down sheets used by some major brokerage the National Association of State easy, as politely as possible, houses. Schlesinger waged a legal Securities Administrators. but he doesn't get the mes- battle that resulted in an invasion-of- Don't think you will never fall sage. So, you hang up. privacy finding against one company. for a con. "We consistently find the Sound familiar? Welcome However, two weeks after an injunc- most cautious people— individuals to the maddening— and some- tion was issued, Schlesinger received who would never consent to times criminal— world of "junk phone another call from that brokerage house. surgery without consulting several calls." Back to court he went. doctors— are often the easiest prey If calls from pesky, persistent Junk phone calls often market items for con artists," says Stapf. and services that sound good over the The sales pitches are "very Free-lancer Kathy Egan writes from phone but are actually worthless. Are Please turn to page 63 California. they really this bad?

APRIL 1992 29 ,

OF T

Started two By GurneyWilliams III years ago, the support group, ENDE Ruffin could feel the anxiety build In Touch, has as the days approached helped children June 18, 1991. That learn more was the day she would be exactly the age of about their her father when he fathers who died after a surface- Then, on June 17, the eve of the day to-air missile struck she had long feared, the Ruffin family were killed his Navy F-4 jet fighter and he crashed got a surprise call from a stranger. in Vietnam. into the sea off the coast of Vietnam. Cliff McAdams of Cerritos, Calif. But a three-year-old group, called "In telephoned out of the blue to say he

Touch," helped Wende as it helped had known Wende 's father on the air- scores of other relatives of men killed in craft carrier USS Enterprise. In fact, Vietnam to deal with pain and grief McAdams told her he had chatted with decades after their losses. him on the night before his last flight. "I had a great sense of mortality," As McAdams told his story to her, "I Wende says, as time swept her toward just cried," Wende says. "I hadn't cried the age when her father, James Thomas in the longest time." McAdams said that Ruffin, died: 25 years, one month and Jim Ruffin had been excited that night two days. As June 18 approached, about becoming a father. Wende would though, she began living a little be born three months after his plane recklessly. She says today that she was went down. testing fate to see if she was supposed "That touched me a whole lot," to survive longer than her dad. Wende says, because her family had One day, she found herself racing her always made a big deal about depar- car up the entrance ramp to a tures. They had always walked friends

Washington highway. "I felt as if I was or family members to the car, waving to in a plane, taking off," she says. She each other, hollering goodbye, goodbye. wasn't suicidal, she adds. "It was an "To think that someone said goodbye to exciting rush." But for the first time in him," Wende says. "And he was really her life, "I was living dangerously." excited about the baby," about Wende herself, the daughter he would never SHARING — Cliff McAdams called to tell Gurney Williams III is a New York jour- see. Wende about her father's last mission nalist who regularly contributes to this The call never would have come if it aboard the USS Enterprise. magazine. hadn't been for the work of In Touch, a

30 THE AMERICAN LEGION s

FAMILIES group of survivors of of those jungle at the Vietnam- LEG ACY OF LOVE - Wende Ruffin and Vietnam veterans. The Laos border. There were other Vietnam veterans' children learn group's director was killed in no survivors. about their fathers through In Touch. Wende's mother. Three Vietnam After the 20th anni- weeks before the call versary of his father's from McAdams, Wanda touch funeral at Arlington phone call and agreed to help him get in Ruffin had appeared on National Cemetery, touch with other surviving sons and ABC's "20-20" TV show the past Tony Cordero— a father daughters of Vietnam veterans. Out of to talk about another to find himself, with two young that phone call, In Touch was formed. meeting the group had children at the time- Cordero says today some 650 sons fostered between sur- peace in realized he was about to and daughters belong to In Touch. vivors. McAdams had outlive his dad. He won- Wanda Ruffin says the group has helped the present. seen her on the show and dered whether other some 250 families, friends and fellow wondered if she was any sons and daughters veterans to find each other. relation to his friend, of Vietnam veterans One was Danielle Sanville, whose Jim. had the same feelings, father died two decades ago. She In Touch began in like the still-lingering, learned through In Touch contacts that 1989, thanks to the work irrational hope that her dad had printed her name and her of Tony Cordero of San Pedro, Calif. someday his father would show up mother's and sister's on his helmet. A His father, Air Force Maj. William and they could compare notes on be- friend of her father told her that her dad Cordero, was reported missing in 1965. ing a parent, and go to a ball game used to brag, "The guys must think I'm

Tony was 4 years old at the time. For together. quite a lover, and I am because I sure do years, he and his family clung to the Cordero called the Friends of the love my girls." When she heard the hope that one day his dad would drive Vietnam Veterans Memorial, a private story, Danielle felt she'd gotten a mes- home. But in 1969, he watched from his Washington, D.C. -based group that sage from her father, loud and clear. "It mother's bedroom window as a car helps take care of The Wall. The group was my dad's way of telling me he loved carrying two strangers arrived to say offers rubbings of names on The Wall to me," she wrote In Touch. "Only I didn't that a recon plane had found the wreck- anyone who calls, without charge. hear it for 22 years." age of Cordero' s bomber in the dense Wanda Ruffin answered Cordero' Please turn to page 57

APRIL 1992 31 YOU CAN DO ITAGAIN

By Lew Sichelman enough for a nice little bungalow. Few veterans are But more important, eligible vet- erans are entitled to the current limit, F YOU'VE already had a aware of the even if they used their full entitlement mortgage that's guaran- sometime ago. best-kept Determining the teed by the Department of secret remaining entitlement is simple: Just Veterans Affairs (VA), deduct the amount you've of the GI Bill: already used you're not alone. An esti- from today's maximum. mated 13.1 million veter- Howtheymayget For example, if you bought a house one-third of the ans, about a home loan in 1974 using your $12,500 entitle- nearly 29 million former ment, the maximum available then, GIs who are eligible, have more than once. you'd still have $23,500 more to use at taken advantage of the program since it ••••••••••••••• today's level, enough to meet the typ- was established by the Servicemen's ical lender's requirements for a better Readjustment Act of 1944, $94,000, no -down-payment loan. known as the GI Bill. Furthermore, you can regain all or (The Legion-written and supported part of your previously used entitlement GI Bill was directly responsible for could use it only once," he says. and use it again if you meet one of two creating the GI Home Loan program. So was Lawrence Regelin, who requirements: The property purchased The Legion believed veterans deserved served in the Navy during the Korean with the prior VA loan must have been a break getting decent housing in return War. Regelin and his wife, Nancy, sold and the loan must have been paid for their World War II service.) bought their first house with a VA- in full, or another qualified veteran But just because you've used the VA guaranteed mortgage. But when they must agree to assume the outstanding guaranty once, doesn't mean you can't were ready for a bigger place, they were balance of your loan and substitute his use it again to buy a new house or refi- sure they would have to apply for a entitlement for the entitlement you orig- nance the old one. In fact, you may be conventional mortgage until their real inally used to obtain your loan. eligible for remaining entitlement, as estate agent suggested he re-use his VA Restoration isn't automatic, how- the guaranty is also known. And if you entitlement. ever. must apply for it by meet certain conditions, you may even The maximum entitlement was origi- You com- pleting 26-1880, the have your entire entitlement restored. nally $2,000. That's not much by VA Form same form used to claim remaining entitle- "A lot of vets aren't aware they can today's standards, but it was more than ment, and returning it to your nearest use their entitlement again and again," enough to help World War II veterans regional office. you need your says Robin Duble, a 44-year-old Viet- purchase the $10,000 starter homes in VA And discharge papers, to show nam Army veteran who has bought two the late 1940s and early 1950s. DD-214, when you were separated. homes under the GI bill. Duble is now a Of course, housing prices have mortgage broker in Maryland, so he skyrocketed since then, but so has the Is any of this worth the trouble? knows the program, inside and out. limit. Today, the maximum entitlement Absolutely, especially when you con- But like a lot of GIs, he says he was is $46,000. And because lenders will sider the advantages VA-guaranteed misinformed when he left the service. accept the guaranty as a substitute for mortgages have over other home loans: "I was always under the impression you up to a 25 percent cash down payment, • Interest rates are set by the govern- you now can borrow as much as ment and are usually slightly lower than Lew Sichelman' s weekly housing $1 84,000 to build or purchase a home rates for conventional mortgages. And column is syndicated in more than 150 without putting any money into the if the VA rate goes down, you can refi- newspapers throughout the country. deal. In most parts of the country, that's nance with a new VA loan without using

32 THE AMERICAN LEGION THE PLAN— You can continue to use your home loan entitlement to build, improve or buy homes.

husbands and wives, can use their enti- with a choice of payment plans— either tlements together, as long as the fixed payments that remain the same for guaranty does not exceed $36,000 or 40 the life of the loan or payments that .HE Legion-written percent of the loan amount, whichever increase modestly over time. VA is not is less. Veterans also can use this permitted to back totally adjustable Gl Bill paved benefit with non-veterans, but the mortgages. the way for the guaranty is based on the veteran's share • Loans are fully assumable, subject alone and cannot cover the non-veter- to VA's approval, and can be prepaid creation of the an's portion of the loan. without penalty. Home Loan program. • All veterans, except those • You can use VA financing to pur- receiving compensation for service- chase a house, townhouse, con- >••••••••••••••• connected disabilities, must pay a dominium or manufactured (mobile) funding fee of 1.875 percent for non- home, build a house, repair or improve

down payment loans, 1 .375 percent for a house, simultaneously buy and any additional entitlement. loans with 5 percent down, and 1.125 improve a house, refinance an existing • There is no limit on the amount of percent for loans with 10 percent or VA loan or even buy and improve a lot the loan, only on the amount the gov- more down. But instead of paying the for a manufactured home. However, for ernment will guarantee. Thus, you can fee in cash, you can include it in the anything other than buying or building borrow more than $184,000 with aVA loan amount. There also are no a house, or refinancing, the maximum loan, as long as you put up enough cash mortgage insurance premiums to pay. entitlement is $36,000. for a satisfactory down payment. • Other closing costs are limited. For • Because VA loans are made by pri- You also can borrow less and still put example, you cannot be charged a com- vate lenders, not the government, there some of your own money into the trans- mission or brokerage fee by someone is less red tape than you might expect. action to reduce your payments. who helps you obtain a VA loan. Yes, there's more paperwork than for a • Several veterans, including eligible • Home loans are for up to 30 years Please turn to page 54

APRIL 1992 33 Interview

FecIeraI Jobs An

As Director of the Office of Personnel Management Constance Berry Newman believes the nation owes ^ veterans a debt ^^^^ because they have served the country.

ONSTANCE Berry New- man works for one of the LAW ABIDING— Newman's office ensures that federal agencies consider veterans' preference in hiring decisions. largest employers in the United States— the United States government. As that "deeds pay debts" regarding vet- into consideration veterans' prefer- director of the Office of erans. What do you mean by that? ence. I don't know of any specific agen- Personnel Management cies that have violated that. What might (OPM), she oversees the Constance Berry Newman: it be disappointing is whether these agen- that this nation owes to veterans hiring practices and poli- means cies are vigorously pursuing veterans to have served the cies of the federal government, testing a debt because they fill positions. It's our obligation to never forget that. applicants and ensuring that veterans' nation, and we can share with agencies the best way for I'm interested as anyone in seeing preference guidelines are adherred to. them to identify qualified veterans. In the dis- "Veterans constitute one of the that women, minorities and most other words, we're very much inter- have fair opportunities, but I'm valuable employment sources in abled ested in recruitment and placement. America," says Newman, whose career not interested in their progressing at the You don't sit around and wait for some- veterans. this calls for in federal government and public expense of What one to come in and apply for a job; you service spans more than 20 years. is a more creative way for us to look at have to take steps and ensure that you has served barriers to women and minorities mov- Newman as an Assistant get the most qualified people. Secretary of Housing of Urban Devel- ing into positions up and down the line opment and the director of Volunteers (in federal employment). But we don't it at the of those who have areas of federal employ- in Service to America, and has worked do expense Q- What served sacrificed for America. have traditionally been most for the Department of Interior. She and ment open to veterans? recently discussed federal employment Q. Has the practice of veterans' Two of the agencies that have the and hiring practices with editors of The A Amesrican Legion magazine. preference become a lower priority in largest number of employees- the hiring practices of some govern- most logically —have been the Depart- American Legion Magazine: ment agencies? ment of Veterans Affairs and Depart- You've attended official Legion A When agencies hire from regis- ment of Defense. Defense employs gatherings and frequently have said ters, they're still required to take Please turn to page 56

34 THE AMERICAN LEGION .

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Veterans update

VA KILLS RURAL HEALTH CARE

a massive display avoided altogether if the Secretary had underestimated the degree of concern AFTER this issue of outrage by the nation's consulted us, his constituents, in the would generate among veter- 26 million veterans, led first place," he said. ans," he said in a letter to DiFrancesco by The American Legion, "What Derwinski 's people have done announcing the cancellation of RHCI. the Department of Veter- in the past," said John Hanson, director "Let's look ahead," he continued, ans Affairs (VA) has abandoned the of the Legion's Veterans Affairs and "and address areas of mutual interest." Rural Health Care Initiative (RHCI). Rehabilitation (VA&R) Division, "is to He blamed the defeat on politics and

VA Secretary Edward J. Derwinski tell us what they're going to do rather hinted he may propose it again. The New announced late February the cancella- than discuss what is best for veterans York Times quoted Derwinski saying tion of the plan that would have allowed and how we can be involved. What Der- Senate opposition resulted from noth- non-veterans to receive medical treat- winski failed to understand is that vet- ing more than "election-year jitters" of ment at two rural VA facilities. erans have a more vested interest in VA lawmakers not wanting to take a stand The U.S. Senate left Derwinski little programs than he does." against the veterans groups.

choice as, days earlier, it voted, 91-3, to By passing Res. 126 at its National However, he added, "We think it's a kill the program. The message was Convention last year, the Legion good idea but the time hasn't come clear: VA medical centers should take launched a campaign to squash RHCI. yet." care of veterans first, and not open their DiFrancesco personally waged war on "This is not a good idea that came at doors to non-veterans. Capital Hill, telling Congress that a bad time," VA&R Director Hanson The legislation was introduced by RHCI would be an insult to those who said. "The time is never going to be Senator Arlen Specter of Pennsylvania served their country during wartime. right for this program as long as 8,000 and was co-sponsored by Senators Derwinski 's popularity with veterans to 10,000 veterans are unable to get Richard Shelby of Alabama, and John nose-dived after he told The Montgomery care at VA hospitals every month." McCain and Dennis DeConcini of Advertiser that exclusive use of VA hos- RHCI, a proposed pilot program of Arizona. pitals by veterans is "a myth in the VA and the Department of Health and "This is a victory for all veterans," veterans world." Human Services, would have allowed said DiFrancesco. It "was a wrong- Derwinski was not prepared for the rural VA medical centers in Salem, Va. headed idea from its inception. More- veterans' response to RHCI. "Quite and Tuskegee, Ala., to treat non- over, the controversy could have been frankly, I confess that I completely veterans.

Agent Orange Border period, World War I, World War This means the budget will not cover II, Korea and Vietnam, provided that rising medical costs and a growing The Agent Orange lawsuit against VA the veteran was receiving additional number of veterans who need treat- has cleared a major obstacle. The suit, compensation or pension by reason of ment. Also bad news: VA benefits pro- filed by The American Legion and Viet- being Housebound, or in need of Aid grams, despite their $20 million nam Veterans of America, seeks to and Attendance. increase, fall short of current needs and force the government to complete a For more information, contact the will result in staffing cuts and longer study on the cancer-causing herbicide nearest VA regional office. lead times for all disability claims. used extensively during the Vietnam War. The study had been abandoned by the Centers for Disease Control. The VA Budget No More Tax U.S. District Court in Washington The White House budget will allot Veterans who got lump-sum sever- moved the suit into the discovery phase, $34.3 billion to the Department of Vet- ance disability pay from DoD should meaning both sides of the suit now can erans Affairs (VA) in fiscal year 1993. not have had income taxes withheld, examine each other's evidence. The good news is that VA's budget for according to a recent federal court deci- medical care and benefit programs has sion. About 82,000 veterans received Prescriptions increased. VA will have $14.6 billion these payments. Persian Gulf veterans who receive a for its hospitals and clinics, a $1 billion In October, a judge in the Eastern pension with Aid and Attendance or increase from the previous year. Also, District of Virginia ruled that service- Housebound benefits are eligible for VA benefit programs, including disabil- men and women who left the military medication when the prescription is ity payments and pensions, will get with lump-sum disability pay, and who written by a non-VA physician. $17.7 billion in 1993, a $20 million were receiving other compensation The VA was authorized to provide increase from fiscal 1992. The bad from DoD, could not be taxed on their medication to veterans who use private news, however, is that VA medical disability payments. The Internal Reve- physicians under Public Law 102-25. It facilities, even with the increase, will nue Service will no longer tax veterans did so for veterans of the Mexican only be able to operate at current levels. who are covered under this ruling.

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Rights—just as the Legion Bill. The poll found that 79 did 48 years ago with the percent of Americans sur- THE NEW Gl BILL original GI Bill. Legion offi- veyed believed a Desert cials expect to present testi- Storm GI Bill should provide IHE Legion- Montgomery GI Bill's bene- mony in support of the Desert benefits equal to previous GI supported fits cover only 42 percent of Storm GI Bill to Congress this Bills, regardless of cost. Desert Storm the average cost of state col- spring. "Some estimates even Servicepersons' lege tuition in 1990-91. "Once again, The Amer- indicate that the new GI 'Readjustment The legislation would also ican Legion, the nation's Bill, like the original, will Act of 1992 has been intro- eliminate the $1,200 copay- largest veterans' service return far more than what duced in the Senate by Sen. ment now required if active organization, is at the fore- the nation expends on it," Dennis D. DeConcini of duty personnel want to partici- front of issues affecting DeConcini said. Arizona. pate in the current program. the veteran community," S. 2231 also would provide The bill, S.2231, would "The combined effect of DeConcini said. "I am in- the same level of benefits for offer Gulf War veterans edu- inflation and lower levels of debted to them for all the all Reserve and National cation benefits comparable federal assistance to higher assistance they have provided Guard members called to to those received by veterans education has eroded more to date on this important duty during the GulfWar. The of previous wars. than half the value of the GI veterans' legislation." legislation would perma- Introduced in February, Bill," DeConcini said when In addition to its spade- nently tie education assist- the bill would increase the he introduced the legislation. work in creating the legisla- ance to the Consumer Price monthly full-time GI Bill About one and one-half tion, The American Legion Index, but would allow the VA education assistance pay- years ago, the Legion began commissioned a Gallup Poll Secretary to limit assistance ments to $777 from the cur- developing the concept of a in November 1991 to gauge to the actual cost of educa- rent $350. Currently, the Desert Storm GI Bill of public support for a new GI tion.

Post 17 of Gallatin, Tenn., the driving force behind Cy- Success On Cypress Street bought a motel and a restau- press Street, said local Posts rant and is in the process of and other organizations have repairing and refurbishing been quick to help. Donations of three sylvania bought a VA-repos- them to provide facilities for of food, furnishings, cash and ONEhomeless people sessed house in Pittsburgh for disabled or homeless veterans even expertise for mainte- in America is a $20,000 under the provisions and their families. nance repairs are common. veteran. Though of PL. 100-198, the Property And according to Stanley One of Cypress Street's

many programs Rehabilitation Act of 1987. W. Reinhard Jr. , Department success stories was the vet- have been proposed for The Department spent another of Pennsylvania Adjutant in eran who managed the house dealing with the problem, few $5,000 repairing and furnish- Lancaster, Pa., veterans' while going through his own have shown as much success ing the house that has become organizations, spearheaded rehabilitation. Now he's em- as the Street project of part of the Pennsylvania by American Legion Post ployed and leaving Cypress The American Legion Depart- American Legion Homeless 429, are planning another Street. ment of Pennsylvania. Veterans Corp. homeless shelter. In Harris- The late Ed Hoak, the past In 1987, the Department of Veterans receiving treat- burg, Pa., the mayor has Department Adjutant of Penn- Pennsylvania was already ment at the Highland Drive offered the Legion six tax- sylvania, was very proud of aware of the growing problem VAMC were screened, and by distressed homes— free— if Cypress Street. One of the of homeless veterans in the 1987, the first six homeless the Department will repair problems Hoak overcame state. Pittsburgh's Highland veterans moved in. them and use them for home- when he was Adjutant was Drive VA Medical Center As of Jan. 1992, 40 vet- less veterans' shelters. community resistance to a (VAMC) reported that they erans had "graduated" from "Every day, more inquiries "rehab" house in the neighbor- were treating and counseling Cypress Street. Of that num- come in and we're gladly hood. Hoak lived to see the many homeless veterans, but ber, only four are back on the sharing our experience with community's reluctance turn rehabilitation was almost street. The other 36 are out on them," says Reinhard. "Cy- to happy acceptance of the impossible without giving their own and have re-entered press Street is self-supporting. project. them a place to live. That's the main stream of society. The veterans pay rent based For more information on why the Department of Penn- The success of Cypress on their ability to pay. They Cypress Street, write the sylvania created Cypress Street has prompted other live under very strict rules, Department of Pennsylvania, Street, a housing project for veterans' organizations and and maintain the house." P.O. Box 2324, Harrisburg, homeless veterans. Posts to duplicate the project Pennsylvania Alternate PA 17105, or call 717-234- The Department of Penn- in their areas. For example, NECman Ronald F. Conley, 8387.

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The Department of about parenting and partici- Hawaii Raffles M-1 Rifle netted $6,000 from the raffle. pate in discussion groups led For more information by Post 543 members. Parents

about ordering an M-1 com- pay $ 1 1 to join the Active T WAS a win- memorative rifle for a Post or Parenting program, but the win raffle. Department fund-raiser, The Depart- call money is refunded if they 1-800-368-8080, or write The complete the six-week ment of Hawaii course. American Historical Founda- In September, 20 parents of won by raising tion, 1142 West Grace St., children between the ages of money for its child welfare Dept. T286, Richmond, VA 2 and 10 participated in the program. And Loy J. Russell 23220. program's first workshop. of San Jose, Calif. , won an Another is set for this spring. American Legion commemo- Post 543 Auxiliary mem- rative M- 1 Garand rifle and bers baby-sit the children of display case worth more than parents attending the course. $1,300. "The greatest service that "Hawaii's unique fund- Post's Program our Post's Active Parenting raiser is an excellent example program could perform would for Posts and Departments," WINNER— Loy Russell (r) be to help strengthen the says National Commander accepts his prize from American home and the fam- Dominic D. DiFrancesco, Hawaii Department Com- ily," says Post Commander who pulled the winning mander Henry Lamb Sr. ELPING par- Raymond R. Smith. tickets when he was in Hawaii ents to be par- Now is the perfect time to help commemorate the ents is Post for Legionnaires to promote 50th anniversary of the attack raffle tickets to all of its mem- 543 's latest programs for our youth, on Pearl Harbor. bers, asking for donations. contribution to says National Commander The idea for a rifle raffle "With Department conven- Red Lion, Pa. Dominic D. DiFrancesco. originated when Department tions just around the corner, Conducted in conjunction Commander Henry E. Lamb similar rifle raffles could raise with the Red Lion Area Since 1939, the month of Sr. saw an advertisement for funds for other Departments," School District, Post 543 's April has been celebrated as Children the M- 1 Garand rifle in The says DiFrancesco. "The Active Parenting program and Youth Month by American Legion maga- American Historical Founda- educates, supports and Legion Posts and Auxiliaries. zine. The Department bought tion also donates a sizable strengthens the family. DiFrancesco hopes that the rifle and its display case, percentage of the rifle sales to In the program, parents other Posts will create pro- formed a committee to over- American Legion programs. meet for two hours, one night grams like Post 543 's Active see a raffle, and then mailed So we win two ways." per week, to watch videos Parenting program.

ALOHA HAWAII -During his visit to Hawaii in December to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the attack on Pearl Harbor, National Commander Dominic D. DiFrancesco toured "Big Mo," also known as the USS Missouri, and had his picture taken with a crew member. Joining DiFrancesco at the Commander's dinner on Dec. 8, were National Adjutant Robert W. Spanogle, Rep. G.V. "Sonny" Montgomery of Mississippi, DiFrancesco and Department of Hawaii Adjutant Henry S.R Wong.

40 THE AMERICAN LEGION -

GOLFERS! GOFOR THEFENCE!

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4th Cav. Assn. 15433

5th Arm'd Div. Assn. (Central) 1 5791

5th Engr. (C) Bn., A Co. (Germany, 1 951-53) 1 5952 VETS Reunion Service Makes 6th Inf. Div. Arty., HQ & HQ Btry. 1 5555 6th Inf. Assn. 15429 7th Bn., 15th FA (Vietnam) 22784

8th Arm'd Div. (WWII) 1 5403 11th AAA AW Sp. 16066 Coordinator's Job Easier 1 1 th Arm'd Cav. Rgt. 22777 11th Engr. Bn., C. Co. (Vietnam) 22880 13th Major Port 22806

1 4th Arm'd Div. - (Midwest) 1 6503 ALLERS and coordi- offering any significant information 1 4th Arm'd Div. (North Eastern States Chapter) 1 591 nators are getting more about reunions. Now, with VETS, we 1 5th Evac. Hospital (WWII) 1 6447 20th Tank Bn., D Co. 1 5363 reunion information faster can provide all the information the coor- 21st AAA, 25th Inf. Div. (1951) 22782 24th Inf. Rgt. Assn. (Including support units) 1 6699 with the Legion's new dinator has available at the time. This 26th General Hospital (WWII) 22778 c VETS system. One quick includes hotel and travel information, 28th Div. 22820 31 St Inf. Div. 15284 call to 1-900-737- (1-900-737- registration deadlines and fees and just VETS 33rd Signal Co. (WWII) 16407 8387) provides veterans with the latest about anything else the coordinator 34th Engr. Combat Bn. (Korea,1 945-47) 1 5571 35th Inf. Div., 35th Sig. Co. 2291 information about their former outfits. cares to share." 36th Div. Assn. 16512 VETS callers talk directly to other Coordinators are encouraged to 36th Evac. Hospital (WWII/Vietnam) 16509 38th Div. Assn. 22857 veterans and can get in touch with write each time they have more infor- 39th AAA Grp., HQ Btry. 1 5309 former buddies in a matter of minutes. mation to pass along. This way, callers 39th Combat Engrs. (WWII) 15374 40th Tank Bn., 4th Inf. Div. 951-53) 1 5543 Unlike an earlier test system, the VETS will always get the latest information (1 45th General Hospital (WWII) 1 5835 service does not require a Touch Tone about their groups. There is no fee to 45th Inf. Div. Assn. 15434 48th Ord. MM Co. (WWII) 221 23 phone to get reunion information. coordinators for this service because 50th Engrs., C Co. 22912 Backing up this system is the latest callers on 1-900-737-8387 provide rev- 52nd Combat Engrs. (WWII) 22885

52nd Medical Bn. (WWII) 1 computer technology provided by enue that covers the cost of VETS. 5583 54th Signal Bn. (Including attached units) 10318 GeoTel Corporation. "In our old sys- Proceeds help fund American Legion 55th Arm'd Inf. Bn., 11th Arm'd Div., B Co. 16310 55th General Hospital 15439 tem, people had to talk to computers to programs. 57th FA Bn., 7th Inf. Div. 1 5765

get information," says Daniel S. One coordinator who likes the VETS 62nd Arm'd FA Bn. 1 1 245 63rd Signal Bn. Assn. (WWII) 1 651 Wheeler, publisher of service is Legionnaire The American Jim Cunning- 70th Tank Bn. Assn. (WWII) 15672 Legion magazine, "but we decided we ham, who heads the USS Uvalde 81 st Chemical Mtr. Bn. 1 6486 82nd Airborne Div. Assn. 1 0695 could provide better service by putting reunion, set for Oct. 9 and 10. "I helped 86th Ord. Co. (1942-66) 16649 the computers in the background." five veterans in our Post find their old 92nd FA Rgt. 16504 93rd/746th AAA Gun Bns., B Btry. (1 951-53) 22532 Live operators give callers a chance outfits, in just a few minutes. I think this 97th Signal Bn. (WWII) 1 6584 to ask questions, make comments and is an idea whose time has definitely 101st Cav. Grp. (PA) 22924 1 04th Inf. Div. (WWII) 22779 get help with difficult names and come." 106th Inf. Div. 15335 places. Under the old system, some New reunion groups are forming 106th Ord. Co. (HM) 15611 1 1 2th Inf., 28th Div., A Co. 1 6353 callers could not understand the com- each month and the list of active VETS 1 1 2th Sta. Hosp./263rd Gen. Hosp. (Calcutta) 1 0479 puterized recordings or write fast reunions should exceed 10,000 by this 115th Station Hospital 20661 124th Inf. Rgt. 20685 enough to get all the information. summer. Many World War II veterans 1 26th/1 73rd FA Bns. 1 5961 Calls cost $1 .95 a minute and are are getting in touch with each other 1 30th Inf. Officers Assn. (WWII) 2061 134th AAA Gun Bn. (WWII) 2291 billed on local phone bills. It takes after 50 years and Vietnam-era veterans 134th Inf., 35th Div. 15531 about two minutes for the average caller are now looking at 25-year observances. 135th Med. Rgt. 16723 136th Inf., 33rd Div., A Co. 16633 to get basic information. Coordinators of existing groups and 1 38th/1 98th FA & 452nd AFA Bns. Assn. 1 0370 "VETS is a great improvement over those who want to start reunions can 141st Inf. Assn. 20642 1 42nd Inf., 36th Div., G Co. 1 5951 the printed information we offered last request free VETS enrollment forms by 1 49th Inf., 38th Div., G Co. 1 6420 year." Wheeler says. "Space considera- writing VETS, P.O. Box 10088, Colum- 153rd Engr. Bn. 15496 156th Inf., Co. F 22832 tions were keeping the magazine from bia, MO 65205-4000. 1 64th Inf., F Co. (WWII/Korea) 1 5764

172nd Combat Engr Bn. 1 5300 172nd Inf. Rgt., 43rd Div., E Co. 16398 179th Inf Rgt., 45th Div., G Co. (Korea) 22780 187th Signal Repair Co. 16117

1 95th AAA AW Bn. - (WWII) 1 6650 198th AAA AW Bn. 22904 HOW TO USE VETS OUTFIT REUNIONS 203rd General Hospital 15705 203rd QM Gas Supply Bn., Co. A 22827 204th FA Bn. (WWII) 22783 Reunion coordinators can enroll their units in VETS by 204th Gen. Hospital (WWII) 22373 To find out specific information sending a self-addressed, stamped envelope to VETS, 204th MP Co. 22893 P.O. Box 10088, Columbia, MO 65205-4000, Unit names a military call 214th CA(AA) 10421 on reunion, may be published two times per unit per year, upon GANG (WWII) 1 request. 216th AAA Gun Bn. 6542 1-900-737-VETS 227th AAA S/L Bn. Assn. 1 5992 242nd FABn. 15285 (l -900-737-8387) Army 245th Engr. C Bn. 16102 Operators are on call Monday 248th Engr. Combat Bn. 1 61 79 255th FABn. (WWII) 16130

through Friday from noon until 1st Cav. Div., LRRP-Ranger Chapter 22833 267th Sep. Coast Arty. Bn. 1 5980 X p.m. Central Standard Time. 1st Pltn., Co. N, 2nd ES Rgt., TES (OCS Ft. Belvoir, 289th Combat Engr. Bn. 1 5261 1942)22927 301st Ord.(HM)Co. 16241 Calls cost $l .95 per minute, with 2nd Bn.,34th Arm d, Vietnam (1966-70) 15539 31 4th Inf. Assn./79th Recon. Trp., 79th Inf. DIv. (WWII) the average call lasting two 2nd Chemical Mortar Bn. 1 5805 16083 3rd Arm d FABn. 15989 340th Engr. Rgt. (AK Mil. Hwy) 10422

minutes or less. Proceeds help sup- 3rd Bn., 475th Int., Co. L (MarsTask Force, CBI) 22859 343rd Ord. Field Depot 1 61 84 port American Legion programs. 3rd Chemical Mtr. Bn. 1 5582 356th AAA SLT Bn. (WWII) 1 5422 3rd Engr. Spec. Bde., HQ & HQ Co. 20529 369th EASR. 16036 4th AAA Bn. 22887 Please turn page

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377th Inf., 95th Div., I Co. 22849 90th NCB 18036 USS Hogan DMS-6 2231 383rd Inf., 96th Inf. Div., E Co. 1 5527 93rd NCB (WWII) 18473 USS Holder DD/DDE-819/DE-401 10026 397th AAA AW Bn. 1 5536 94th NCB (WWII) 22830 USS Houston CA-30/CL-81 1031

41 Oth AAA Bn., A Btry., 364th MP Co. 1 5940 107th Seabees 18651 USS Hydrus AKA-28 1 0243

41 Oth AAA Gun Bn., D Btry. (WWII) 1 5789 110th NCB 18030 USS Indiana BB-58 Assn. (Marines Included) 1 7525 440th Signal Heavy Const. Bn. 1 01 54 115th NCB 17946 USS Jeffers DD-621/DMS-27 17721

455th AAA AW Bn. (WWII) 1 5405 116th NCB 17577 USS John Hood DD-655 18118

457th Amph. Truck Co. 1 6204 302nd NCB 17951 USS John Paul Jones DD-932/DDG-32/USS Paul 470th AAA AW Bn. (WWII) 16199 ASR Assn. 22854 Jones DD-230 11231

472nd FA Para Glider Bn. 1 6528 Bedford Springs Radio School (Co. 1 3, 1 944) 1 7833 USS Karnes APA-1 75-7th Beach Bn.(WWII) 1 7670 479th Amph. Truck Co. 1 0682 CASU-3 (WWII) 22862 USS Kearny DD-432 14620 480th AAA AW Bn. (WWII) 16162 CBMU-539 18556 USS Key DE-348 17650 489th Port Bn. 10133 CBMU-552/553 17762 USS Lacerta AKA-29 1 0397 490th AAA Bn., Btry. B (WWII) 22855 ComPhib Grp. 7 (WWII) 22809 USS Lardner DD-487 17403

495th Port Bn. (WWII) 22923 ComPhib Grp. 5 (WWII) 22841 USS Lexington CV-1 6 Assn. 1 8688

496th Arm'd FA Bn. (WWII) 1 0920 DE Sailors Assn./USS Lyman DE-302 22869 USS Los Angeles CA-1 35 1 81 38

497th AAA Gun Bn. (WWII) 22781 Escort Carrier Sailors & Airmans Assn. 221 00 USS Lyman K. Swenson DD-729 1 81 49

497th Port Bn., 250th Port Co. 2281 Farragut Naval Trainees 181 10 USS Manchester CL-83 1 7930

503rd MP Bn., B Co. (WWII) 1 5377 FAW-7 1 7363 USS Marvel AM-262 (WWII) 22848 507th QM Car Co. 15456 HAL-3 Navy Seawolves 1 841 USS Maryland BB-46 Assn. 1 7421

51 1th Parachute Inf. Rgt., 1 1th A/B Div., Co. D 22828 Intn l. PBY(Catalina) Assn. 22815 USS McCoy Reynolds DE-440 1 8435 519th Ord. HAM Co. 22865 LCI(G) 439 17354 USS McGowan DD-678 Assn. 22834 532nd EB&SR, Co. A 22872 LCI (L) 1,2,3,4,5,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,32,33,35, USS McKee DD-575 18191

551 st Heavy Pontoon Bn. 1 6303 75,19 311232 USS Meriwether APA-203 21 269

573rd AAA AW Bn. (WWII) 1 5731 LCI (L) 209,211,212,213,214,215,216,217,218,219, USS Nevada BB-36/BN-733 Assn. 22900

578th Engr. (C) Bn., 40th Inf. Div. 1 5575 229,231,2 32,23811232 USS Oracle AM-103/Revenge AM-1 10/Skirmish AM- 581st AAA AW Bn., C Btry. (WWII) 26641 LCI (L) 445 18602 303 17381 582nd Ambulance Co. 22808 LCI-1 01 0 22897 USS Parker DD-604 1 041 593rd EB&SR, HQ & HQ Co., B Co., Medics & HQ 2nd LCS(L) 128 17456 USS Pavlic APD-70 1 81 50 Bn. (WWII) 15508 LST-1 57 17936 USS Pennsylvania BB-38 17778

602nd TD Bn. Assn. 1 5681 LST-508 21368 USS Petrof Bay CVE-80 1 7802

608th TD Bn. (WWII) 1 6681 LST-528 22819 USS Pheasant AM-61/USS Tide 22786 610th TD Bn. 15559 LST-585 1 7397 USS Phoenix CL-46 18540 614th Ord. Ammo Co. 16373 LST-888/LCT-1 414 11063 USS Pine Island AV-12 18457 627th TD Bn. 15664 LST-947 1 8448 USS Pocono AGC-1 6 10795 632nd QM Co. B 22919 LST-950 22838 USS Rawlins APA-226 1 8326 638th TD Bn. 16210 LST-957 1 8643 USS Robert Brazier DE-345 17697 658th Amph. Tractor Bn. 10951 MCB-1 28 (Vietnam) 22876 USS Rodman DD-456/DMS-21 10649 696/697th Engr. P.D. Cos. 16569 MCB-74 Assn. (Vietnam) 21 093 USS Roe DD-418 10097

742nd MP Assn. 16367 NAS Columbus, OH - (Including Marines) 1 8349 USS Russell DD-414 Assn. 1 8573

746th AAA Gun Bn., A/B/C/D/HQ Cos. (WWII) 1 6627 NASOIathe, KS 21684 USS Salamaua CVE-96 1 8471

778th Tank Bn. (WWII) 1 1 1 09 Naval Weather Service Assn. 1 7839 USS Sarita AKA-39 Assn. 1 7679 779th AAA, A Btry. 16522 North Russia Club (PQ-17 ) 22888 USS Shelby APA-1 05 1 7635 781 st Tank Bn. 22798 NTC Great Lakes Boot Camp Co. 284 (Oct. 1950) USS Shelton DD-790 1 0477 787th Tank Bn., B Co. 16700 22785 USS Sigsbee DD-502 1 1 001 792nd AAAAWBn. -(WWII) 16103 PATSU 1-9(1943-45) 14614 USS Stockham DD-683 17508 802nd FA Bn. 10305 PB2Y Coronado Flying Boat Sqs. 22852 USS Taylor DD/DDE-468 1 81 95 805th Engr. Avn. Bn. 20932 USS Teton AGC-1 4 22787 Spec. Augmented Hospital Unit 7 21 1 1 805th Signal Serv. Co. (WWII) 20256 USS Thetis Bay CVE-90/LPH-6/CVHA-1 17725 USN Armed Guard (Northwest Region) 1 8592 809th Avn. Engr. Bn. (WWII) 1 5885 USS Thomas Jefferson TAPA-30 1 041 USN Armed Guard (National/WWII) 1 7680 817th Engr. Avn. Bn. 22835 USS Thomas E. Fraser DM-24 22842 USN Armed Guard (Northeast) 1 8280 81 7th Tank Bn. (WWII) 16254 Thompson DD-627/DMS-38 1 7569 USN Armed Guard (OH, Ml, IN, KY) 22889 USS 820th Tank Destroyer Bn. 1 5502 USSABSD-4 18032 USS Underhill DE-682 17325 823rd SWOSCO 16634 USS Whiteside AKA-90 1 7630 USS Adirondack AGC-1 5 1 8250 838th AAAAWBn. 16705 USS Wilkes DD-441 17317 USS Andromeda AKA-1 5 (WWII) 1 7339 840th Engr. Avn. Bn. (WWII) 1 551 USS William C. Lawe DD-763 1 7799 USS Antietam CVS-36 1 7568 842nd Avn Engr. Bn. 16294 USS William P. Biddle APA-8 18097 USS Atlanta CL-1 04/51 (including Marines) 1 0847 854th Engr. Avn. Bn. (WWII) 1 6563 USSWilloughbyAGP-9 (WWII) 17841 USS Bagley DD-386 1 7424 865th Gun Bn AW SP 21 610 USS Winged Arrow AP-170 17707 USS Bailey DD-492 1 7507 871 st Engr. Avn. Bn. 2291 USS Bang SS-385 22805 USS Wyandot AKA-92 1 791 873rd Engr. Avn Bn. (WWII) 14042 USS Beale DD/DDE-471 18516 USSXanthus AR-19 18262 880th FA Bn., 69th Inf. Div., A Btry. 1 5332 USS Yorktown CV-5 1 8259 USS Bergall SS-320/SSN-667 1 1046 922nd Engr. Avn. Rgt. 1 6556 USS Betelgeuse AK-260 14676 USS Yukon AF-9 18594 974th/975th FA"Bns. (WWII) 1 631 USS Burns DD-588 18577 USS Zellars DD-777 17845 1255th Engr. (C) Bn. (WWII) 16380 USSChehalisAOG-48 18354 VA-728/1 55 18460 1 256th (C) Engr. Bn. 1 5467 VC-87 22920 USS Chemung AO-30 1 8077 3222nd OBSAM Co., 618th OBSAM Bn. 10875 VC-94 17844 USS Chepachet AO-78 1 7703 3482nd Ord. MAM Co. (WWII) 1 5832 VPB-11721299 USS Clay APA-39/Elizabeth C. Stanton AP-69 1 81 72 3516th MAM Co. 16105 USS Colonial LSD-18 14615 VPB-20 22850 CIDAA 10002 USS Cony DD/DDE 508 1 81 78 HQ V Corps Vets Assn. (WWII) 10115 USS Corson AVP-37 1 7677 Port Bns. 382/386/389/396/487/489/492/495/496/497/ USS Cortland APA-75 1 7649 503 22823 USS Crater AK-70 17313 Air Force San Francisco Port of Embarkation, APO/V-Mail Sta. USS Croaker SS-246 22837 15348 USS Dauphin APA-97 1 0238 Sioux Army Depot 22873 USS Denebola AD-12 (Including Flag Divs./WWII) 6th Bomb Grp. (VH), 1945 15138 Trinidad POW Camp (1941-46) 22906 18392 11th BombGrp. (H) Assn. 15172 Vietnam Helicopter Crew Members Assn. 1 6523 USS Detroit CL-8 17462 15th Recon.Tech. Sq./CartographicTech. Sq. 15095 Engr. Dpt., 8056 AU (Sagami, Japan) USS Dobbin AD-3 (Dewey, Hull, MacDonough, 46th/72nd Recon. Assn. 15127 16112 Phelps, Worden) 18094 48th Communication Sq. 1 5139 Zlttau Survivors (1945) 22851 USS Dorothea Dix AP-67 (WWII) 1 8000 51st F.I.W., Korea, Japan, Okinawa (1948-58) 15027 USS Duffy DE-27 22901 55th Weather Recon. Sq., 20th AF 1 6863

USS Elokomin AO-55 1 7467 56th Fighter Grp.(1 941 -present) 1 5072

USS Emmons DMS-2/DD/457 Assn. 1 0323 56th TC Sq., 375th Grp. 1 6766 (WWII)/Ftr. Wing Navy USS Engstrom DE-50 1 7786 58th Pursuit/Ftr. Grps. Bomb USS Fair DE-35 22829 (Korea)/Ftr . Wing (Luke AFB) 2291 USS Frank E. Evans DD-754 22287 59th Air Police Sq., Burtonwood (1950-56) 22799

7th Seabees (WWII) 1 7783 USS Fresno CL-121 22844 66th Airdrome Sq. 1 5042

16th NCB(WWII) 17436 USS Frybarger DE/DEC-705 1 7690 95th Bomb Wing, B-52s (1 959-66) 22790 20th NCB(WWII) 18558 USS Gandy DE-764 22836 141st/632nd AC&W Sqs., Fairbanks, AK 2281 28th NCB- (WWII) 17563 USS Garfield Thomas DE-1 93 2281 31 1th Ftr. Bomb Sq. (WWII/Korea) 22899 29th Seabee Bn. 18166 USS Gearing DD-710 17383 330th Bomb Sq.. 93rd Bomb Wing 15129 30th NCB 17468 USS Genesee AOG-8/USSTom Bigbee AOG-1 1 21 482 344th Bomb Grp. Assn. 1 501 36th NCB 17676 USS Granville APA-171 17674 388th Bomb Grp. (H) Assn. 1 0378 83rd NCB 17987 USS Hammerberg DE-1015 10810 414th Bomb Sq., 97th Bomb Grp. (H) 1 6947 85th NCB 10665 USS Hart DD-594 10906 449th Bomb Grp. (WWII) 15131

86th Ordnance Co. (1942-66) 22882 USS Hersey AP-1 48 1 0772 Please turn page

44 THE AMERICAN LEGION .

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453rd Bomb Sq., 9th AF (WWII) 1 6868 457th Bomb Grp. Assn. (WWII) 20024 459th Bomb Grp. Assn. 15186 Coast Guard Air Force 51 2/51 4/56th Weather Recon. Sqs. 14013 1095th Sp. Rept. Sq. (Bossier AFB, 1951-) 22922 LST-762 17071 455th Bomb Grp. Assn. 22791 3349th Weather Sq. (1 951-55, Chanote AFB) 22921 LST-829 1 7037 623rd AC&W Sq., Okinawa (1953-54) 22831 391 0th Bomb Grp., 7th Air Div. (SAC) 10110 LST-886 1 7034 759th AC&W Sq. (Ft. Stevens/1 950-51 ) 22856 691 0th Security Grp. 22843 USCGC Winnebago 1 7056 Bombardier Class 135 (Carlsbad, NM/ Grad. 71 Boiling B-25 Bunch 21441 USS Casper PF-1 2 10056 4,1945) 22049 Det. 1 , 3rd Air Div. (SAC) 22821 USS Muskogee PF-49 1 7045 Class 18, Missouri Aviation Inst. (1942) 22813 N. Carolina ANG Pilots & Navigators 22881 USS Poole DE-1 51 17035 P-47 Thunderbolt Pilots Assn. 1 6839 USS San Pedro PF-37 14312 Perrin AFB (Military/Civilian Personnel) 1 51 67 Pilot Class 43-C (West Coast Trng. Com.) 22861 RAF Stns. Wynton, Mildenhall, Lakenheath, Upper Army Air Forces

Heyford ( 1950-53) 22890 Safeside Assn., Cmbt. Scty. Police 20451 Miscellaneous 2nd Photo Mapping Sq. 20985 VC/VF/VAW/VAQ-33 22824 42nd Bomb Sq. (H) (WWII) 22795 VS-871 /VS-37 Officers 951 -55) 22908 (1 Bataan & Corregidor Survivors (Other Far East Ex- 69th TC Sq., 433rd TC Grp., 5th AAC (1 942-45) 22796 POWs) 10388 86th Depot Sup. Sq. (/1 945) 22870 Brotherhood Rally of All Veterans Organization 426th Base Sq. 22789 22884 1304th Bengal Wing, India- Div. (Barrackpore) China-Burma-India Vets Assn. 17304 22858 Army Air Forces Air Transport Command, North African Div. 22291 Christmas Island Task Force, APO 91 1 7290

Civilian Conservation Corps (Nat'l. Assn.) 1 1 086 1st BAD 22797 DCA-SEA ( Vietnam)/DC A-SAM (Hawaii) 22792 2nd Air Div., 8th AAF 20977 Ellington AFB (All units) 22898 11th Airdrome Sq. 16873 Gitmo Bay 22914 Marines

20th Combat Mapping Sq. 1 6867 Korean War Veterans 22864

29th Air Serv. Grp., 1 3th (Attached Units) 1 6754 Nebraska Korean Veterans Assn. 22853 AF 2nd Bn., 5th Rgt., 1st Div., E Co. (Korea/1950-54) Wyoming Vietnam & Era Veterans 1 7271 42nd/54th TC Sqs., 1 1th AF 22892 10361 45th HQ Sq./8th Air Serv. Sq., 5th AF (WWII) 1 6855 48th Ftr. Sq., 14th Ftr. Grp. (P-38 WWII) 22822

57th Bomb Wing Assn. (WWII) 1 6757 63rd/71st Fighter Wing 22788 68th Air Serv. Grp. (China, WWII) 16894 Coast Guard 68th Ftr. Sq. Assn. (WWII) 20443 LET'S GET TOGETHER 86th/72nd Air Serv. Sqs., 52nd Air Serv. Grp. (CBI/ LORAN Stn., Simeri Crichi, Italy (1 966-68) 22800 This column is for for 1943-4 6) 16809 notices the purpose of getting USCGC Icarus YP-389 22886 people together to hold 1 02nd Observation Sq. 22845 a reunion. Notices should be 111th Tact. Recon. Sq. (WWII) 16752 submitted on official forms that can be obtained by 112th Liaison Sq. 21492 sending a self-addressed, stamped envelope to VETS, 161 st Tactical Recon Sq, 9th AF 21 622 P.O. Box 1 0088, Columbia, MO 65205-4000. Unit names may be published two times per unit per year, upon 305th Airdrome Sq. 1 6860 LIFE 307th Bomb Grp. (HV) Assn. 2281 request. MEMBERSHIPS 313th Air Transport Sq. 16765 Life Membership notices are published for Legion- 314th Comp. Wing, HQ & HQ Sq., 5th AF 1 6841 naires who have been awarded Life Memberships by their 319th Bomb Grp. 16939 posts. 343rd Ftr. Sq. (WWII) 16923 Army Life membership notices must be submitted on official 349th Trp. Carrier Grp. (HQ. 23rd, 31 1th, 312th, 313th, forms which may be obtained by sending a self-addressed, 31 4th Sqs.) 16847 stamped envelope to: Life Memberships, The American 382nd Bomb Group (536th, 539th Bomb Sqs.) 1 6985 6th Sig. Serv. Co., Ft. Sheridan (1940-43) 22810 Legion Magazine, P.O. Box 1 055, Indianapolis, IN 46206 390th Bomb Sq, 42nd Bomb Grp., 1 5th AF 21 524 10th FA Bn., 3rd Inf. Div. (Korea) 22874

441 st Trp. Carrier Grp. 1 6967 1 6th Cav. Grp., 1 6th/1 9th Sqs. 1 0863 Thomas Deise (1953), Ralph T. Lui (1964), H.B.Tooley 447th Sub Depot, Station 110 (Polebrook, England, 32nd AAA AW Bn., A Btry. (Japan/1951-54) 15327 James Meredith (deceased) (1 Louis C. WWII) 15085 59th Engr. Const. Co. (1951-54) 22902 (1972), 987), Buss (deceased), Steve B. Guidici, Robert I. 454th Bomb Grp. (Italy, WWII) 1 6889 62nd Engr. Bn., Const. & Land Clearing (Vietnam) Jaycox, Elvin F. Powell, Ellis W. Sawyer (deceased) 456th Bomb Sq. (M) 1 0464 16646 (1988), Leon S. Winters (1989), Richard J. Batcheior, 483rd Bomb Group (H) (WWII) 22847 91 st Engr. (C) Bn., 3rd Pltn., Co. A 22867 Daniel H. Coggin, Robert F. Munroe, James A. 505th Bomb Grp. 20507 97th Inf. Div., 97th Signal Co. 22330

Musante (1991) Post 61 , Sacramento, CA 506th Ftr. Grp., Iwo Jima (1 945) 1 1 200 149th Ord. Veh. Assembly Co. (WWII) 22804 John T. Lonardo, Erwin L. Williams (1991) Post 24, 587th Bomb Sq. 22883 193rd Tank Bn., Co. C 22860 Derby, CT 833rd Engr. Avn. Bn. 1 6989 280th Engr. (C) Bn. 22866 Kenneth H. Chadwick (1991) Post 379, West Boxford, 892nd Chem. Co. 16838 297th Engr. (C) Bn. 22803 MA 1 91 5th OM Avn Truck Co. 22871 337/508th FA Bns. (1953-55) 22895 Francis J. Martin (1991) Post 430, Springfield, MA 2077th QM Trk. Co., 8th AF 1 6790 51 6th AAA Gun Bn., Btry C (WWII) 22875 Hugo Belter, Ray R. Vail (1 991 ) Post 374, Omaha, NE Air Commandos, 2nd/3rd Grps. (WWII) 16792 542nd EB&SR, HQ & HQ Co. 22863 Milton A. Gallo, Ignatuis J. Gavas, John E. Geiger, OV-1 Mohawk Assn. 22911 584th Sig. Depot Co. (WWII) 2281 Michael R. Hatala, Victor R. Lopinto, Frederick F. P-51 Mustang Pilots Assn. 16783 772nd FA Bn. 15847 Wells Jr. (1 991) Post Clifton, NJ Pilot Cadet Class 43-A-1 20935 820th Engr. Avn. Bn. (1952-55) 22925 8, Walter Bayous (1968), William Conover (1971), Allen OCS Class 38, Ft. Riley (1951 ) 22802 Brown, John Suiter (1982), Gary Coddington, Robert MacDonald (1989), Everard Eaton, Harold MacDonald, Clifford Montross (1991) Post 293, Marines Warren, NJ Navy David Wager (1 977), Arthur McAdams (1 981 ), Thomas Buckley, Clifford Harris, Joseph A. Schlemmer, 1st Bn., 5th Marines, B Co. (Korea) 17085 James Stone Jr. (1987) Post 429, Rhinebeck, NY 1st Bn., 27th Mar., 5th Div., 81 MM Pltn., HQ Co. (Iwo 4th Spec. NCB 22903 Roy E. Robinett, Grant G. Smith (1991) Post 30, Ji ma) 17093 Airborne Early Warning Sq. Pacific 22896 Mountain Grove, MO

2nd Bn., 4th Marines 1 0545 CBMU-506 (WWII) 22839 Zvonimir G. Budrovich (1992) Post 299, St. Louis, MO 2nd MAW, HQ Sq. (WWII) 2281 CBMU-553 (1943-46) 2291 Robert A. Willis (1991) Post 31 8, Parkville, MO (Vietnam, 3rd Bn., 27th Marines, 3rd Pltn., L Co. 1968) LC(FF) 788 22801 J. Harold Duckett (1991) Post 61 , Canton, NC

22868 LCI (G) 455 (WWII) 22907 John J. Grady (1 991 ) Post 2, Manchester, NH 7th Defense/AAA Bn. 22926 LCI(L) 429 14681 Dominic Impagliatelli (1991) Post 119, Dunellen, NJ 8th Defense/AAA Bn. (WWII) 22846 NCBD-1052(Adak/WWII) 10966 John Bukovecky, Armond Tenisci (1991) Post 304,

19th Mar., 3rd Div , A Co. 17196 Radio Operator's School, College Station, TX (1942- Manville, NJ All Marines & those attached to Marine units 17151 43) 22905 Thomas G. Rea (1991) Post 72, Saugerties, NY C-1-28th Marines (Iwo Jima 1945) 22894 SIGSALY Ops. (Guam/WWII) 22793 Frederick Scriver(1991) Post 553, S. Glens Falls, NY

Chi Chi Jima Marines 1 7208 USS Arctic AF-7 18221 James T. Connors (1988), Roy W. Carpenter (1991) MAG-24 (Includes associated sqs.) 22928 USS Chilton APA-38 22840 Post 11 52, St. James, NY

Montford Point Marine Assn. 17096 USS Cythera PY-26 1 8348 John R. Hall (1991) Post 1 273, Wantagh, NY

MOTG-81 (OTS-8) 17175 USS Delmos 22794 Valmer E. Cross (1 990) Post 1 327, Prattsville, NY Pltn. 372 (, 1960) 22891 USS Gen. Harry Taylor 21511 Milton R. Dunn, James D. Edmonds, Edna F. US Marine Raider Assn. 17105 USS John A. Bole DD-755 (1957-59) 21818 Edmonds, Jerome A. Myers (1991) Post 166, Goose VMS-3 17123 USS Mercury AKA-42 22879 Creek, SC

WWII Marine Paratroopers 17132 USS Saidor CVE-1 17 22309 Larry G. Richards (1 991 ) Post 99, Seattle, WA

46 THE AMERICAN LEGION ,

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Max M. Winer (1 991 ) Post 534, McFarland, Wl

48 THE AMERICAN LEGION , 1

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A Complete Lifetime Treasury! DEATH MARCH BATAAN RESOLUTION Continuedfrom page 21 LAST September, delegates to Tennessee the 73rd National Convention in Phoenix unanimously passed Ernie Ford Res. 8, which urged Congress to The Japanese eventually permitted pass legislation requesting the HIS UPLIFTING AND the Red Cross in Manila to send med- Japanese government to pay INSPIRING SONGS ical supplies, but after they arrived they $20,000 to each Bataan Death WILL LIVE FOREVER! were not unpacked for many days. March participant or surviving Tennessee Ernie During this period, many died. family member. Ford's rich baritone Col. Dyess had dengue fever, yellow voice was made to jaundice and later scurvy sores. His sing gospel music. weight shrank from 175 to 130 pounds, was forced to march more than 15 miles His first album of and he was given no medicine. At 130 to the penal colony. Many were so gospel music was pounds, he was considered a fat man. weakened they fell by the roadside. so popular it re- mained on the High-ranking Japanese officers regu- In spite of the condition of the prison- top charts for larly inspected the camp and knew of ers, they were without exception put to over five years! conditions. During inspections, pris- hard labor— officers and enlisted men Now you can re- oners were forced to wear their best alike. Col. Dyess, barefooted for a joice to the most clothes, which were rags— some men month and a half, was forced to clear uplifting and had no shirts, only trousers, and many jungle and plow every day. inspiring hymns and songs or faith ever recorded. had no shoes. When Dyess, Mellnik and McCoy They'll never be another Tennessee One inspection, said Col. Mellnik, escaped from Davao on April 4, 1943,

Ernie. This may be your last chance was conducted by a Japanese general. only 1 , 100 of the 2,000 prisoners there to hear these heart-touching trea- An American lieutenant colonel was were able to work. suries—so be sure to order yours called out to accompany the general's A few days before they escaped, one today! group. He pointed out that many offi- of the American prisoners, a hospital AS SEEN ON TV cers and enlisted men were too weak to orderly, was wantonly murdered by a stand in the ranks. Japanese sentry. TREASURY NO. 1 "We have many sick here," he said Col. Mellnik said the orderly was Inspiring Songs of Faith courageously. The Japanese general, digging camotes outside the hospital One Day At A Time • He Touched Me spoke excellent English, asked: stockade, directly beneath a watch • Whispering Hope • Amazing Grace • who • tower. It was I Love To Tell The Story Softly And "Why?" an extremely hot day. He Tenderly • Just A Closer Walk With Thee The mess barracks was nearby. The called to a fellow prisoner to toss him a • • Beautiful Isle of Somewhere I Need canteen from the stockade. As the Thee Every Hour • Count Your Blessings American lieutenant colonel pointed to • orderly was about to drink from the One By One I Like The Old Time Way a meal of white rice and thin carrot-top • Jesus Loves Me soup. canteen, the Japanese sentry in the tower shouted at him angrily. TREASURY NO. 2 "Here is why," he said. "We are all that the All-Time Favorite Hymns starving." To show canteen contained Rock Of Ages • Precious Memories • The only water, the orderly took it from his "That will be enough," snapped the Old Cross • Church In Rugged The mouth and poured a little on the Wildwood • Peace In The Valley • When Japanese general. "Your men are not ground. Apparently because he did They Ring Those Golden Bells • Tell Me starving. They need more exercise." The Old, Old Story • How Great Thou Art this, the sentry trained his rifle on him The lieutenant colonel tried to say • Sweet Hour Of Prayer • What A Friend and fired. The bullet entered at the neck We Have In Jesus • In The Garden • Just more, but Japanese guards quickly and shoulder and came out at the hip. As I Am stepped in and restrained him. The The orderly cried out: "Don't shoot MONEY-BACK GUARANTEED! Japanese general curtly turned on his We unconditionally guarantee you'll enjoy me again." heels and continued his inspection with and play these remarkable treasuries more The sentry fired two more bullets than any other you own or return them for an air of boredom and indifference. into the man's body. He then emptied a full refund—no questions asked! "The Japanese took 400 prisoners his clip at another prisoner, who ran for WE SHIP FREE!—No Postage Or Handling Fees! who were technical men, gave them a his life and was not hit. The Beautiful Music Company, Dept. ET-12 physical examination, issued clothes to 777 Larkf ield Road them, and sent them to Japan to work in Commack, NY 11725 factories. Another shipment of 1,000 Please rush me my exclusive Tennessee Ernie Ford Treasuries on your unconditional money- technical men for Japan was being back guarantee. arranged when Col. Dyess, Col. TAPS

I enclose $14.98. Send 2 Cassettes. Mellnik, Cmdr. McCoy and 966 other Taps Notices mention, whenever possible, those I enclose $16.98. Send 1 Compact Disc. Legionnaires who have held high national or department Americans left Cabanatuan on Oct. 26, I enclose $14.98. Send 2 Records. office in the Legion or the U.S. government, or who have attained other forms of national prominence. Or charge to: Visa MasterCard 1942 for Davao. American Express Discover The voyage took 1 1 days. The hold Gerald E. Gerner, NE Department Vice Commander Acct. Exp. was filthy and vermin-infested. Two (1990-present). No Date Imla E. "Bud" Hewitt, FL Department Historian (1988- men died on the trip. On Nov. 7, 1942, present). Name John M. Hobble, KS Department Commander (1979- the Americans were unloaded at Lan- Address 80). sang Lumber Company, near Davao Peter E. Marchettl, NE Department Commander (1 951 - City Penal Colony. The sun treatment for 52). Sidney H. Schwartz, ME Department Commander State .Zip. two hours followed, and then the group (1965-66).

52 THE AMERICAN LEGION . 1

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car. In addition, your entire Social Security or pen- could get your money anyhow leave your assets in jeopardy. ©1992 The Leader Co., inc. Surviving after 50 years in Perfect Mint Condition!... VA HOME LOAN Continuedfrom page 33 THE U.S. SIIVEFfNICKEL HELPED WIN THE conventional loan, but certainly not as THAT WAR! much as you were used to in the service. In fact, if the lender is approved for automatic processing, you can close the loan without waiting for VA approval. If a veteran has a problem involving his VA home loan, he may find help through American Legion Service Offi- free services are available to Own the cers. These Complete all veterans, not just Legionnaires. O Uncirculated Mint-Mark - — — — f Official Order Form — — — — FIFTY YEARS AGO, the little U.S. nickel played a Mail To: American Collectors big role in WW II. Today, few Americans will ever own Eagle Society this heroic U.S. Silver Nickel that helped win the war. Academic Building, P.O. Box 28 West Haven, CT06516 From 1942 - 1945, America's nickel supplies were WHO IS ELIGIBLE? badly needed for the war effort. And for the first, last, and Q YES! Please send me (Limit 5) The only time in U.S. history... our nation's 5 cent piece was Complete 3-Coin Mint-Mark War Nickel Set in BU minted instead with silver! Condition, $18 (plus $2.. 00 postage). 35% eligibility Save $15 - 5 Sets only $75.00 plus $3.50 p&h. QUESTIONS about Incredibly, while very limited supplies last, you can aquire this "War Nickel" in Brilliant Uncirculated [^Check enclosed for full amount $ for GI Bill home loans should Condition, just as perfect as the day it left the mint [^Charge My: VISA _ MasterCard Exp. be directed to the Loan Guaranty a half century ago. You'll get a complete mint-mark set, CT Res add sales tax. Dale / one Silver Nickel from each U.S. Mint that produced CardNo. Office at the nearest VA regional them... 3 scarce and historic coins in all. Signature office, but here are some of the This important Collector's set can be yours at our special introductory price of only $6 per coin, (total Name basic requirements: $18). Display case included to protect your uncirculated Address Veterans who served during set for future generations. A Word About Value* City World War II (Sept. 16, 1940 to 100 Year old U.S. Liberty Nickel Unc. cond,... $150 (no silver). State _Zip_ July the 75 Year old U.S. Buffalo Nickel, Unc. cond $110 (no silver) 25, 1947); Korean War 50 Year old U.S. Silver Nickel Unc. cond $17.00 (35% silver) Telephone No. (June 27, 1950 to Jan. 31, 1955); 'A Guide Book ol Umled Stales Corns. 1992 SATISFACTION GUARANTEED American Eagle Collectors Society, Academic Bldg. P.O. Box 28 West. Haven CT the Vietnam War (Aug. 5, 1964 to May 7, 1975); or the Gulf War (August 2, 1990 to the close of hostilities) are eligible if they spent Thinking of a New Car or Truck? at least 90 days on active duty and were not discharged dishonorably. Beautiful New & Pre-Owned Autos for Everyone However, if you served less than 90 For As Low As $200.00 days during these periods, you still

Buy and drive the very best 4 x 4's, Jeeps, GMC, may be eligible if you were dis- $2,500 Chevys, Fords, Plymouths, Datsuns and Toyotas. charged because of a service- Own and enjoy Jaguars, Mercedes, Corvettes, related disability. Excaliburs, Cadillacs, Lincolns, even Rolls Royces. To own an outrageous car or truck you don't In addition, enlisted personnel have to lose money on auto depreciation and high separated from the service after cost of upkeep. In fact, you can own and enjoy Sept. 7, 1980 (Oct. 16, 1981 for nice cars, then resell them for large profits. LINCOLN STRETCH LIMO officers) are eligible if they com- Buy these new and late model cars, trucks, $1,750 vans, 4 wheel drives, boats, motor homes and pleted 24 months of continuous airplanes direct from the U.S. Government. These active duty or served the full period items have been confiscated by the U.S. Drug (at least 1 8 1 days) for which they Enforcement Agency and are sold for as low as were called to active duty. $200. This is a good money making opportunity available in all states. Reservists and National Guard Own the best. To purchase vehicles in your area, members who were activated dur- 89 TOWN CAR order your sales catalogs by filling in the coupon ing the Persian Gulf War (on or $875 and return with your check or money order for after Aug. 1990, and served at $15.00 (shipping and handling included) to: 2, least days) also are eligible, H.E.L.P. Inc. ol North America 90 as P.O. Box 50289 Pompano Beach, FL 33074-0289 are veterans who served only dur- (305)781-6589 ing peacetime periods but had at least 181 days of continuous active I Enclosed is my check or money order for $15.00 I duty. 88 5.0 MUSTANG

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54 THE AMERICAN LEGION 1

paved the way for the liberation of the But we can still honor their memory COMMANDER South Pacific. Had they not fought so and pay tribute to their valor by giving a valiantly and given so much, Japan few of our children the opportunity to Continued page 8 from would have captured Port Moresby and walk in these brave men's footsteps.

used the island as a staging area for an Think about it. The young people you all-out invasion of Australia. send will relive the Kokoda campaign. Hand in hand with their Australian They will remember what our men did II was truly a "world war," and not a counterparts, the Americans stopped there. And they will make sure that campaign waged mostly in Europe. this from happening. Fighting against America never forgets. It's not surprising that names such as overwhelming odds, Allied forces were * * * Bastogne, Palermo and Normandy successful. We beat the Japanese.

should be so familiar. After all, our But you wouldn't know it if you vis- For more information on this pro- country's focus has always been on ited New Guinea today. It is littered gram, contact SatoTravel at 1-800-736- Europe. Most of us have roots deep in with Shinto shrines. Even Huggins 9899. European soil. My own family came Road Block is a Japanese memorial. Italy. It's from only natural that the This is a tragedy . . . and we cannot

European battles should be so well it allow to stand. 'Taps' Available known, but it would be a crime if the So this April, The American Legion Posts needing a cassette recording of world forgot what happened at Port is going to give our men their due. I will "Taps" for sounding military funerals or Moresby, Huggins Road Block and personally visit Huggins Road Block patriotic services may receive one by Buna. and erect a memorial in Buna to com- writing to George Gregory, 2985 Night- Fellow Legionnaires, history has all memorate the heroic stand of Capt. ingale, Rochester Hills, MI 48309. but forgotten those GIs. What they did Bottcher who, equipped with only one The recording features the "Taps" is not studied in our schools. They are machine gun, 18 men, and "sheer guts sounded at the funeral of President John barely mentioned in our history books. under fire," repelled thousands of F. Kennedy, complete with the firing of And without this American Legion pro- Japanese and held his ground. the rifle squad. Another recording of gram, they may soon be forgotten This alone won't right the wrong that "Taps" available from Gregory is the altogether. history has dealt to our soldiers. traditional Army "Taps." Copies of the recording are free, but It is as if their sacrifices counted for Indeed, nothing that history could now donations are appreciated to defray the nothing. In reality, the men who fought write could equal the magnitude of their costs of materials, recording and mailing. along the Kokoda saved Australia and courage and their sacrifice.

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APRIL 1992 55 assisting disabled veterans? veterans. If people are shown how to do FEDERAL JOBS A We 're doing much better than in the right thing, they will do it. years past. This is because there is Continuedfrom page 34 more coordination and cooperation Q a Have you had much success in with the Labor Department and VA, convincing the administration offices and other groups that communicate to hire veterans and the disabled? with disabled veterans on a regular Indeed. One of the first things I the federal work basis. I A almost 50 percent of submit that any previous short- did when I came into this position force. falls in the hiring of a disabled veteran was to meet with members of the Presi- Those departments have more wasn't the result of not wanting to help dent's cabinet to discuss their history in affirmative hiring practices, and vet- disabled workers, it was that agencies hiring these workers and ways all of us erans have more access to what their didn't know how. We're (OPM) not could make progress in our respective opportunities are in those two. going into federal employers as a regu- areas. Time will tell how successful lator; we're going in telling them how we've been. 0. How has your office dealt with they can proceed in hiring disabled

Q a Did the Persian Gulf War siphon away a significant number of federal workers as a result of being mobilized TESTE D! PROVEN! IT WORKS! to active duty from the Reserves and | National Guard? A Yes. Federal workers have consti- Miracle hormone tuted a large number of those who were activated and sent to the Persian Gulf. We immediately directed govern- ment agencies to ensure that workers who were activated for service would return to the positions they left and not just equivalent positions. We also pro- vided that employees' health-care cov- INDOOR & OUTDOOR SAFE! erage would continue. Registered with the PLANTS GO WILD U.S. Environment ^Protection Qa Has federal funding created any YEAR ROUND! Agency I particular problems at OPM? POPULAR MECHANICS MAGAZINE reports Well, you know, you change your the magic hormone contained in DYNOGEN A a way of doing business with changes is causing a plant revolution. This miracle hormone acts to promote the healthy growth, in technology and levels of funding. It development and reproduction processes of doesn't necessarily mean that you can't plants, including: serve the public as effectively with Plants grow into giants even under the worst light and moisture conditions reduced resources. OPM has sustained

' Plants that bloom rarely, now flower constantly! reductions in its own work force, but we

> Rose bushes climb 3 times normal height! Outdoor Gardens Love It Too! still have been able to bridge whatever

> Young trees double or triple in size in 3 weeks! See Geraniums and Hydrangeas grow into gaps have resulted because of it. giants... Roses turn into prize winners. ..huge LEADING RESEARCH ACADEMIES have all Chrysanthemums bloom far ahead of acclaimed this hormone as being the most time. ..bushes and shade trees zoom Qa What steps can veterans take if important development in horticulture. dramatically... Fuschias, Dahlias, Asters explode they feel that their military service is with vibrant color, and much, much more. DYNOGEN is more than just a plant food. full consideration when they DYNOGEN PROMOTES YEAR-ROUND not given DYNOGEN is a plant hormone which con- GROWTH EVEN UNDER POOR LIGHT AND are applying for a federal job? tains the basic building blocks of life itself. MOISTURE CONDITIONS The first step is for them to get in DYNOGEN GIVES PLANTS NEW VIGOR A — UNCONDITIONAL MONEY-BACK GUARANTEE — a with us. There's a law on the AND RESISTANCE TO DISEASE AND touch PESTS. Send to: Rush Industries, Inc. — Dept. DS386MD books that says agencies must take vet- 75 Albertson Ave., Alberston, NY 11507 preference seriously in their job House Plants Go Wild For Dynogen! erans' Special! n New Double Size Super Concentrate Dynogen You simply won't recognize your houseplants. selection practices. One of the things (equals 2 Reg. Size Cans +V2OZ. Free!) Only $8.98+$1 S.&H. U.S. Department of Agriculture reports you OPM monitors in agencies is that they

I ] Two Double Size Super Concentrate Cans (equals can actually see an improvement within meet that obligation. 4 Reg. Size + 1 Oz. Free!) Only $14.98 + $2 S.&H. hours African Violets, Geraniums, Orchids But we have to be honest in this bloom magnificently! You get longer, earlier I Giant Savings! Treat Your Entire Garden! 3 Double Size preference doesn't blooms, bigger flowers, and more luxuriant Super Concentrate Cans (equals 6 Reg. Size Cans + regard. Veterans' 1'/2 0zs. Free!) Only $21.98 + $3 Ship. & Handl. foliage Sick plants come alive. Propagating mean that just because you're a veteran becomes a breeze. you are guaranteed a federal job. Often, Enclosed is $ . Sorry, noCOD's if a veteran has been turned down for HUNDREDS OF SATISFIED DYNOGEN Or Charge It! (Min. $15) Visa n Mastercard USERS WRITE TO US REGULARLY: federal employment, it's because he or Exp. "It's terrific"— Mrs. A.R., Plantation, Fla. Acct. No. she doesn't have a specific skill or "Faster bud setting, more vivid flowers... Signature more vigorous growth... bigger leaf size, doesn't meet the criteria for a position. no more problems with pests." — Mrs. T.S. Name (Print) We'd like to hear from veterans and Ricacho, N.M "Roses, trees, shrubs, and houseplants showed many new leaves Address Legionnaires if they feel there have and increased growth in 3 days." E.M., barriers to the employment of City been Lexington, Ohio "From practically dead to veterans in the work force. It would vibrantly alive." — Entoka, Ga. WY , State Zip help us do our job better.

56 THE AMERICAN LEGION 1

Vietnam. It was just too painful to take finally extinguish the small flame of what she calls "the looks." hope he had carried for a quarter of a IN TOUCH "A lot of us were told 'You have to be century. Continued page 31 from the adult now,' when our fathers died," "Three weeks after the program, I Raleigh says. "We weren't allowed to worked up the nerve to call," McAdams go through normal grieving." The says. The contact with the family con- demand to grow up fast also extended to firmed that Ruffin was dead. But Reconnections among survivors of the need to be perfect. And to this day, McAdams' call gave Wende a priceless the war have solved family mysteries. Raleigh says, "I can't stand to make a gift— a lasting memory of her rather. For 20 years, one former Marine car- mistake, even a typo." Meeting Tony The phone rang when Wende was ried the memory of a Navy corpsman Cordero and Wende Ruffin through In about to go to a concert to hear the named Alan who died while saving his Touch led Raleigh to the discovery that "School of Fish" group sing a song that life. Finally, on his own— in a story told other children of Vietnam veterans had had been haunting her. It was called by In Touch— he was able to locate and similar feelings. But she'd still like to Three Strange Days. "I just gotta make write a letter to Alan's sister. She had talk with people who knew her dad, and it," the lyrics said, "through these three never known before what had happened hopes that his friends will call In Touch. strange days." But because McAdams to her brother, except that he had died Some who have called In Touch and new friends from In Touch called, while trying to save someone— a name- report that they had to overcome fears June 18 was easy for Wende. less, ageless stranger who remained of making that call. Cliff McAdams, for "I had told a lot of my friends," she anonymous until the Marine wrote. example, was apprehensive about recalls, "that if I could survive this one "You've been a part of my life for 20 calling Wanda Ruffin. day, I'd live to be an old woman." years," Alan's sister wrote in a return At the time of Ruffin's crash, the ### letter. "I wondered so much about you. carrier had sent planes to search for Vietnam veterans, their families and But the most important question I had survivors. "They found some debris," friends may contact In Touch by calling about you was answered with the arrival McAdams recalls, "and one empty life 703-525-1107. The address is 2030 of your letter. You lived. You made it raft. And the word on the ship was that Clarendon Blvd., Suite 412, Arlington, home. Alan did not die in vain. one had gotten out and become a pris- VA 22201. The group is planning a "I wonder if you could understand oner, and one had gotten killed." major meeting in Washington, D.C., on how tragic it would have been if you, McAdams had always hoped that Father's Day weekend, 1992, cul- 504." too, had died on Hill somehow Ruffin had survived. The TV minating in a ceremony at the Vietnam of the survivors who have con- Many show hadn't mentioned the fate of Veterans Memorial. Cordero says it will tacted In Touch are still waiting and Wanda's husband. McAdams was be "the first and largest gathering of hoping to have their questions afraid that if he called, the news might living legacies of The Wall." answered. Janice Raleigh lost her father, Louis R. Raleigh, the day after Christmas in 1965. As part of his job with the 6251st Consolidated Aircraft AMERICAN LEGION MEMBERS Maintenance Squadron in Bien Hoa, he 7-DAY CRUISES FROM $745 PER PERSON* had taken an A- IE single-engine prop attack aircraft up for a flight check when he reported engine trouble. He CARIBBEAN bailed out when the plane caught fire, but his parachute failed to open. years, Raleigh For was hesitant to Hartford Holidays Travel, one of the nation's leading cruise and tour agencies, has the talk about her dad. When people asked experience and expertise to help you select a Royal Caribbean Cruise that's just right her about him, she would say, "I don't for you. have a dad," or "My parents are divorced." She had learned that opposi- Caribbean (May through December) (May through October) tion to the war had extended illogically Join SOVEREIGN OF THE SEAS, Join NORDIC PRINCE as she sails from to resentment of those who served in it. SUN VIKING, or MAJESTY OF THE SEAS New York to breathtaking Bermuda So it was safer not to talk much about for a 7-day cruise to the sun-drenched Caribbean ./

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APRIL 1992 57 ADVERTISEMENT being a beneficial presence in the com- WATERMAN munity, making products or providing services that enrich the lives of custom- VICTORY Continuedfrom page 27 ers. The problem is that we've allowed opportunists to spend the last couple of OVER decades transferring wealth, instead of creating it. improve products and processes, and And we ought to all be mad as hell how best to satisfy customers. OLD AGE about it. God love that little old lady Probably the most important part of wanted to take a at (USA) American Surveys today released who poke Charles the quality movement is that managers Keating, after his alleged doings wiped "Confessions Of An Anti-Aging Ex- are finally learning to allow workers— out her life savings. pert", the hot new report on anti-aging usually operating in teams— to make and good health discoveries. It's explo- decisions. Smart managers give up Q- What's behind transferring sive! some control to get results, coaching wealth instead of creating it? and helping employees to excel, rather Pure greed, but also boredom. • How to get free prescription drugs. than ordering them around. A time the • Food destroyer of intestinal parasites. Why spend on grubby details of • Early sign of degenerative arthritis. manufacturing something While that , right wheel and deal? • Suicidal depression - the surprising Q- sounds society when you can cause. seems disenchanted with big business In the 1970s, conglomerates were and the greed it so often displays. the big thing. Companies weren't pay- • Bad breath gone - using two vitamins. With good reason. Too many com- ing out what they should have to share- • Simple test shows how long you'll A panies are totally holders, weren't investing enough in live. focused on profits, as if making money were their research and development and had a lot • Hair thickened with ordinary food sole reason for existence. of cash. So where was the action? In substance. We've built all these institutions that are supposed buying other companies and building • Tell-tale sign of B-12 deficiency. to serve us, and we end up serving the empires. Their stock price goes up, and • Tactic to end foot odors and bunions. institution. But what are enterprises they use the inflated stock to buy still • Discover "better-than-salt" substi- really about? more companies. tute. Aren't they there to provide goods Then came the leveraged buyouts • Cancer-stopping indole food. and services that enhance the well-being (LBOs), the reverse of the conglomer- • Sexy, flat tummy with 20-second ex- of others? For employees, shouldn't a ates. looked for bloated ercise. Companies company be an entity in which they can firms, borrowed heavily to buy them— • Brain power's list of smart foods. take pride? Shouldn't management treat that's the leveraged part— broke them • Free travel and accident insurance. people as an asset that's more impor- up, sold pieces and used the money to • Banish pain in lower back this easy tant than a steam boiler? way. try to pay back the debt. Or they took a If you take care of your people and public company private, then back • Immune system weak? Get 4 miner- your customers, and do so in ways that public again and made a killing on the als. don't harm the environment or hurt stock sales. • Erase old-age wrinkles from your face. others, then the profits will usually The whole thing really got cooking in • World's one and only perfect food. follow. 1982, when an investment group headed • How foot or ear tests show heart prob- I hear people talk about the human by former Treasury Secretary William lems. side of enterprise. What other kind of Simon borrowed some $80 million and • "Hush-hush" list of unnecessary X- enterprise is there? used $1 million of their own money to rays. buy Gibson Greetings of Cincinnati and • Get an unfair Medicare decision re- take it private. versed. Q- How do you explain what looked As was described in the book, Bar- • Prostate and impotence victims. Get like the primary business enterprise of barians at the Gate, just 18 months later this mineral. the 1980s? At a time when Japanese and European competition really You can obtain a copy of "Confes- toughened up, executives seemed concerned with leveraged buy- sions of an Anti-Aging Expert" , which more VETVOICE will not be sold in bookstores. outs, golden parachutes and $10 mil- lion salaries. Simple Way to Order: Just print A system that's as free as ours WHAT'S YOUR OPINION? your name and address and the word A tends to produce opportunities for Has American business lost its "CONFESSIONS" on a piece of paper opportunists. competitive edge? Call your opin- and mail it along with cash, check, or Deregulation was intended to spur ion to 1-900-740-VETS. You can money-order for $12.95 plus $3 post- competition, and did so in many indus- record a letter to the editor and age and handling to: American Sur- tries. It was supposed to work in the sav- listen to opinions of others. veys, Department 287-A, Box 3196, ings and loan, and banking industries. Calls cost $1 per minute and And yet in these, the government also Austin, TX 78764. Mastercard or VISA proceeds support Legion pro- abrogated its oversight role, an impor- grams. Opinions from the Vetvoice orders, send card # with your expiration tant role in enforcing accountability. lines published in the magazine are date. When I talk about excellent com- indicated with a Q symbol. Mail it today! You must be satisfied panies, it's not firms that just earn big 1-900-740-VETS or money back, anytime within 30 days. profits, it's firms that create wealth.

Fair enough? And by creating wealth I mean jobs,

58 THE AMERICAN LEGION Simon took Gibson public and the stock their millions, perhaps more so than The public market also needs its sold for $290 million. His personal athletes and entertainers. Leaders who watchdogs. Investment firms and stock $330,000 investment was suddenly set visions, make tough decisions and exchanges have tightened their self- worth $66 million in cash and securi- increase the true value of their com- policing, but government has got to get

ties. Suddenly, everyone wanted to try pany deserve it, especially when they tougher. LBOs. have stock options or incentive systems that make their personal risk commen- Q Will business do this, or continue surate to the reward. in its old ways? Q- What else and who else was But what really bothers me is the I don't think the old ways are driving the action? A difference between executive and going to work. Society has raised One thing was the egos of the A worker pay. From 1980 to 1990, aver- its expectations and demands of the executives. Another was all the age worker pay rose 53 percent, which business sector, and rightly so. people encouraging the action and actu- at the least kept them up with inflation. We expect quality products, quality ally maneuvering companies into these During the same period, company service and good environmental and things. profits went up 78 percent. financial behavior. A well-run com- For example, in 1988, Ross Johnson, But in those 10 years, CEO pay went pany has the capacity to do tremendous the head of RJR Nabisco, proposed a up 212 percent. Some of those salaries good, for its employees, customers, the $17 billion management buyout of the are the kind of money that could fund community and the public at large. company. It put that company "in play" plant expansions or modernization; and Those that don't meet expectations will and a couple months later the invest- fund research into beneficial products get hit by government regulators and ment banking firm of Kohlberg Kravis for the future. lawsuits. Most damaging of all, increas- Roberts (KKR) pulled off a $25 billion ingly sophisticated customers will turn LBO of Johnson's firm. In the process, Q. What can be done? their backs on them. an estimated $500 million was paid out I don't think were going to see Another thing. When business people to investment bankers, lawyers and A salary caps for CEOs. But groups step out of line, the system ought to consultants. or individual stockholders and the man- throw the book at them. Maybe such This is the stuff of distorted values, agers of institutional investments are white collar malfeasance is not armed because their time and work didn't beginning to make some noise about robbery, but the results for the victim is produce anything tangible for society. the excesses. Executives and boards no pretty much the same. And the ethical Unlike an industrialist who invests in a longer can keep raising salaries to misbehavior is almost as bad as the factory in hopes of building a thriving ludicrous heights with impunity. The criminal. It's the little guy who is business, they risked little for all the stockholders may just vote them out. usually left holding the bag. loot they took home. Some of the brightest minds in the country could and should have been working on creating wealth. Instead, they removed it from the system and put Revolutionary it into their pockets. Real wealth got destroyed. TRIMMER ON WHEELS! Q. Don't investors know the risks? SO MUCH EASIER to use than hand-held trimmers! Yes they do. But still, all of us get A Also MOWS everything from whole lawns (even v/et,without hurt as taxpayers. When big com- cloggingl) to tough, waist-high grass and weeds with incredible panies struggle or fail to make interest ease! Rocks, etc. do it no harm because it has no steel blade to bend, payments, the banks, which are already break or dull. Perfect for use with riding mowers for finish-up in trouble, have even more bad business trimming and mowing...and for ALL trimming and mowing on their books. The government will around vacation homes, hunting camps, have to bail them out, just as they'll etc. likely do with the savings and loans. "Your machine is all you say it is. 75% quicker than a hand-held The federal government can do this by trimmer because of the extra power and heavier cord that enables me to wade right thru raising taxes or printing money. heavy grass and weeds. There is NO heavy load to swing back andforth tiring your arms and shoulders. It makes weed " Either way, we pay. The taxes come wacking 'duck soup'! out of your paycheck. Printing more - Tom Lawrence, 294A Amwell Road, Somerville, NJ money devalues the dollar, which really hurts retirees on fixed incomes. Why Do It * SO, WHY HASSLE The N*JF HARD iS, with hand-held trimmers WAY?

I and City . to get rid of him. Again, wealth got specifications of Manual and State ZIP I Electric-Starting Models and transferred to one person. To: COUNTRY HOME PRODUCTS, Dept. 49204 I Off-Season Savings now in effect. Mind you, some executives deserve Box 89, Ferry Road, Charlotte, VT 05445 (802)125-2196

APRIL 1992 59 !

sive purposes could preclude a peace YES YOU CAN HOT SPOTS accord. Since 's survival supersedes all Continuedfrom page 25 other political imperatives, Tel Aviv — make $18.00 to $30.00 an hour! would not likely hesitate to use its — work full time or part time, right at home. atomic arsenal if its leaders thought the — operate a CASH business where 90$ of every nation's security was at risk. In such an dollar is CASH PROFIT! zealots might do in the name of reli- instance, there would be little chance of gion," said a Pentagon source. We'll send you a FREE Lifetime Security containing the hostilities to the Mideast. What to watch for: A swing back to Fact Kit — yours to keep with no obligation What to watch for: Stalled peace — that gives you the details on being your Khomeini-style fanaticism. initiatives; stepped-up pre-emptive own boss with a Foley-Belsaw Full-service strikes against anti-Israeli forces. Saw and Tool Sharpening Shop. Desperately YES YOU CAN have independence and IRAQ: seeking The make good money. But you have to WRITE Bomb. JAPAN: A new national spirit NOW to get your FREE Lifetime It is naive to suppose that Desert rekindles old hostilities? Security Fact Kit. r Storm has significantly dampened After five decades of commitment to Mail the / f|§| Saddam Hussein's belligerence. "We a role in international affairs, coupon below. / UFnat peaceful J should have taken Hussein out," Japan shows early signs of a tide toward mim Kupperman says flatly. "There's no militarism. "-rm l Yl:HFH:llltyn SECURITY / " - '' V question that he's going to get even." FACT KIT / ffk | To be sure, working smoothly with Foley-Beltaw Co. ( W*Sr I Dept. 21082 I Indeed, says a Pentagon source, "he 6301 Equitable Rd., f ^* America is not the priority it once was Kansas City. Mo. M120 / M^fL^U J may very well feel that since he's in the Land of the Rising Sun. Increas- I Foley-Belsaw Co. / P*»-l*j3eL>^B I ' I already survived the worst can 6301 Equitable Rd.. Depl. 21082 / S -j^^glr/ it we ingly, influential positions in govern- I Kansas City, Mo 64120 1 TPWe'fP^ I throw at him, he doesn't have much -J ment at the ministries of industry and TES, I want to know more! Please rubli my I | more to fear from us." I FREE Lifetime Security Fact Kit. , defense are occupied by nationalistic This is sobering news because U.S. hard-liners. Name military experts now speculate that Further, some predict that Japan will Hussein may have more than twice as begin using its economic clout in an Address many arms-production plants as origi- almost militaristic way— "the pursuit of City State Zip nally suspected. adversarial goals with commercial Some analysts believe that Hussein Area Code Phone means," as respected geopolitical at remains or near the threshold of not analyst Edward Luttwak puts it. In this just atomic capability, but hydrogen- framework, Japan's objective would be bomb capability—which obviously rep- to devastate the American economy in a resents a quantum leap in Iraq's war- Get a Senior manner as thorough and efficient as if making muscle. they'd attacked us militarily. It's worth Citizen Discount Hussein considers The Bomb to be noting that Japan needed to be nudged the one weapon that will allow him to on NordicTrack. repeatedly before fulfilling its mone- be taken seriously in world affairs. tary pledge to the Gulf War effort. A NordicTrack® Kerry suspects that "once he gets it, What to watch for: More anti-Amer- cross-country ski he'll try to use it against us via ter- ican outbursts of the kind that have machine rorism, or against one of our European been heard all too frequently in the gives you f allies or Israel." Japanese parliament. total-body Until then, Hussein may bide his exercise, time by plotting eco-terrorism on a : Small size. Big prob- which fitness scale far greater than witnessed that lems. experts agree is during the Gulf War. Although the much-divided nation is the best kind for What to watch for: Iraq's increasing virtually impotent in its own right, its aerobic involvement with Latin America, a con- potential as a catalyst is high. Lebanon's conditioning and venient staging area for operations chronic internal problems easily could weight loss. throughout North America. draw larger combatants into the fray. NordicTrack is Lebanon is another buzzsaw of safe, enjoyable ISRAEL: Pugnacious politicians incompatible religions, cultures and to use, and as I make for uneasy truces. political agendas, and as such, is a easy as Prognosticators see trouble ahead in crucible for the problems of the entire walking. our relationship with our old friend and Mideast. Its eastern Bekaa region is a Call nowfor a senior citizen discount ally, Israel. Here the problem is not noted terrorist stronghold, while its (62+) and 30 day in-home trial Iraqi-style belligerence, but the strong southern sector offers an important survivalist ethic that is so much a part of strategic foothold for Syrian strikes NordicTrack Israeli culture. Shamir's ruling Likud against Israel. Overall, the odds of a m W m A CML Company Party has long felt that the best defense crisis flaring out of control in Lebanon is a good offense. may be higher than anywhere else, says FREE VIDEO & brochure Tensions may arise as America Kupperman. Ext. pushes for Mideast concessions that the What to watch for: A Syrian move to 1-800-328-5888 1271X2 Likud government interprets as pro- annex Lebanon in the wake of failed NordicTrack, Depi I27D2, 14] [onathan Blvd., Cnaska, mn ss.-i i'k Arab; Shamir's determination to hold peace talks. 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LIBYA: Expect the unexpected. gering attitude, hard-line Maoist fac- able of mustering enough might to keep Although he was chastened by Amer- tions in may feel uncom- U.S. forces at bay for a time. Above all, ican air strikes in 1986, almost no one fortably isolated and tempted to over- Syria views itself as the legitimate voice believes Qaddafi will remain quiet, react as a matter of self-defense. of the Arab world. "Don't underesti- cooperative and peaceful in years to Border skirmishes and dubious mate Syria's determination to undo come— especially if the Mideast peace claims of South Korean encroachment Israel," says Kupperman. process gets under way in earnest. still continue, and the Chairman of the Syria historically has served as a "Those who have resorted to terrorism Joint Chiefs of Staff, Army Gen. Colin willing sponsor and safe haven for the in the past will continue to use ter- Powell, has reminded everyone to most violent elements of the PLO. rorism in the future," says Sen. Brown. watch North Korea. Brown and others expect these under- The chances of a direct Libyan attack Within the last few years, South ground factions to intensify their efforts on the United States are almost nil, Korean troops have discovered a as peace talks progress. experts say. Qaddafi' s real danger is in number of secret passageways or infil- Kupperman numbers Syria among a fomenting and bankrolling anti-U.S. tration tunnels beneath the demilitarized hard-core "gang of five" in terms of sentiment within the international ter- zone, permitting North Korean opera- behind-the-scenes, anti-American rorism networks. tives and potentially troops to stealthily activities. The others are Libya, Iran, Beyond that, "Qaddafi and his hench- enter the South. The United States Iraq and Cuba. Syria has been linked to men have a reputation for stretching the inevitably would become involved in a the most treacherous terrorist regi- frontiers of state-of-the-art sabotage," renewed war between the . Even ments, including that of Abu Nidal , now says Kupperman. U.S. interests over- the encouraging, new North-South believed responsible for the downing of seas are particularly vulnerable to talks will have to overcome 40 hostile Pan Am Flight 103 over Scotland. Libyan agents. years. Kerry says that trying to fight this What to watch for: The most chilling What to watch for: Flare-ups in the kind of menace in advance is "a lot like aspect of Qaddafi-style terror is that demilitarized zone. chasing your shadow." there are seldom any tip-offs; random Kupperman agrees. "The key is in for violence is his forte. Thwarting Libya SYRIA: Carrying the flag being more proactive," he says. requires a climate of constant vigilance. Arab interests. "We have to harden economic choke Analysts caution against being points and maintain intelligence vigi- misled by Syria's cooperation during lance. Above all, we need to tighten up NORTH KOREA: Will 40 years of Operation Desert Storm. Open con- the weapons pipeline." border tensions finally boil over? frontation with the United States has What to watch for: Increasing ter- With the USSR no longer around and never been Syria's style — although rorist operations out of Lebanon's China pulling back from its warmon- Hafez Assad's military machine is cap- Bekaa region.

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tomers who bought its $400 water GIANT GRABBAG purification system. Experts rated the PHONE CALLS system inferior to others they could buy Continued page 29 OF U.S. STAMPS from for about $150, and the gifts' value did ONLY $2.00 not make up the $250 difference. Another favorite in recent months is a "sizable" sum of money allegedly left JPI Special collectors' opportunity for |_Giant Grabbag of over 300 U.S. say, none of the prizes were distributed. on account you by some obscure ra stamps includes obsolete That same year, several law enforce- relative. The catch is, you have to pay a issues as much as 100 years ment agencies went after an Arizona fee to register with the agency that old. Also airmails and com- telemarketing outfit believed to be discovered your windfall. memoratives. Each Grab- passing off photographs of Salvadore As you might guess, the pitch is bag is different, and yours Dali artwork as authentic originals. seldom on the level. Meanwhile, the is guaranteed to con- the deception is registration fees of $40 or $50 may have tain at least 300 Usually, though, stamps— and your more subtle. One firm telemarketed its already cost gullible consumers mil-

• '( satisfaction is guaranteed. plan for a "spe- lions of dollars. •^t- tax and legal services r K > " ' i Perfect to start or add to cial" price of $389, including that now- Another scam the FTC was tracking a collection. Limit 3 familiar free gift. A little legwork by in early 1990 involved the sale of vaca- grabbags per address. investigators revealed that the same tion time-shares entitling the buyer to Adults only please plan could be purchased on a walk-in or at resort. Send $2 for your Grab- one two weeks each year a bag today and also re- basis for just $220. The property may be fictitious, but ceive special collectors in- Travel club memberships sold via the more often, con artists merely sell the formation and pricelists telephone have long been high on the rights to the property without authoriza- along with interest- other complaint lists of both the FTC and tion. Many consumers don't find out ing offers on approval. local Better Business Bureaus. Dis- they've been had until they show up for Mystic Stamp Company gruntled subscribers find that airline their vacation and discover that no one Serving collectors since 1923 seats are seldom available during at the resort knows anything about it! Send $2.00 and coupon to: Mystic Stamp Co. desired periods of travel; that restric- And always, there are the oppor- Dept. L-386 Camden, New York 13316 tions built into the program are mind- tunists who try to convert today's head- no. of sets (limit 3) $ total enclosed boggling; and that requests for refunds lines into sleazy profits. The stock crash Name of unusable tickets are ignored. of October 1987 inspired all sorts of Address When environmental concerns began "alternative" investments pitched over City State Zip to peak in the mid 80s, water purifica- the phone. These ranged from penny tion systems became hot items. stocks to Costa Rican volcanic soil One such system promoted by a that, after processing, supposedly We Plan to lose Southwestern company was a sealed yielded gold. unit later determined to have an esti- Similarly, the surge of patriotism that money on this offer mated life of about three and one half greeted Operation Desert Storm also years. After that, the purifier could spurred an upswing in the telemar- actually become dangerous as accumu- keting of all sorts of military-related lated toxins began leaking back into the items and memorabilia, much of which water that was supposedly being was never delivered. "They must have purified. No such warnings were given felt they'd catch people in a vulnerable to prospective buyers. frame of mind," a California consumer These incidents underscore the main advocate told her TV audience.

drawback of buying over the telephone. Indeed, ghoulish as it may sound, Because no product is seen nor any there are fast-talking con artists only paperwork examined, salespeople are too happy to capitalize on AIDS, free to make extravagant claims. Alzheimer's disease, homelessness and Original 1925 U.S. gifts" "Stone Mountain" Silver Half Dollar. The so-called "valuable free other newsworthy social problems. offered as incentives typically end up Realizing what consumers are up being neither valuable nor free. against, various authorities have been only $69 (reg. $89) A "fur coat" which pitchmen imply is acting in concert to crack down on tele-

While supplies last, we'll sell new custom- worth $700 turns out to be a poorly scam artists. "Lately," says the FTC's ers the 1925 U.S. "Stone Mountain" silver made rabbit jacket valued by experts at Sekovich, "it seems that's all we do." half dollar in Extra Fine condition at a under $100. A "boat" turns out to be a One tangible result is the newly special introductory price. This famous flimsly, inflatable raft. A "portable" TV formed Alliance Against Fraud in Tele- U.S. coin classic is inscribed as a "Memo- ." rial to the Valor of the Soldier of theSouth set turns out to be a miniscule, black- marketing, spearheaded by the FTC Shown are Generals Stonewall Jackson and-white cheapie that cannot function and a number of other regulators. Suits and Robert E. Lee, models of Southern without a costly battery pack (sold are being filed in record numbers. gallantry. 1 coin, $69 (reg. $89). Save more: separately, of course). Further, a recent amendment to 3 for $199, 5 for $325 (limit 5). Order of consumers who'd been California law requires telemarketers to #8022. To order by credit card, call toll- One group free 1-800-451-4463 at any time. Or send led to expect "free car phones" was left post a $50,000 bond when they register check or money order to: International red-faced when the postman arrived with the state. Coins & Currency, Inc., HE. State St., Box bearing standard plastic telephones Still, even in successful lawsuits, the 218, Dept. 2332, Montpelier, Vermont shaped like toy cars. news for those who've already been 05601 . Add $2 for postage. 30-day money- back guarantee. One company offered gifts to cus- duped is not good. The customary

THE AMERICAN LEGION .

return for defrauded consumers is about 10 cents on the dollar, according to FTC attorney Mike McCarey. And that's in the small number of cases Con Men Call Person-To-Person where there is any return at all. All of which points up that policing Continuedfrom page 29 Retirees are heavily targeted and the telemarketing industry is no mean targeted," he explains. Some scam many are buying. The con? There feat. In their efforts to stay a step ahead artists find their prospects on lists of are no CDs. of the law, tele-fraud operations are credit card holders, or subscribers to • Affinity Group Fraud. From Ira- constantly moving and changing certain publications, or holders of nians living in California to Mor- names. Since all they really require is a stock brokerage accounts. mons, groups have been suckered by telephone, they can work anywhere. "They could buy a list of red- cons. Why? "There's a belief a Moreover, by availing themselves of the haired, widowed left-handers over fellow member would never rip off sophisticated tie-lines and toll-free 65 , say, and when you hear the pitch, another," McDonald explains. calling arrangements now in common it sounds exactly like it was meant What can be done about cons? usage, telemarketers can make their for you," Stapf explains. "Arresting con men is like trying to physical location— often referred to as People going through life hit mercury with a hammer," says telephone boiler rooms— that much changes— retirement, birth of a Commissioner C. Fowler West of the harder to trace. child, a cross-country move— are Commodities Futures Trading Com- The problem is likely to worsen as prime targets, too, he says. "They mission. You arrest them for one con carrier competition drives long distance will play on fears we all have when and they're quickly running another, telephone rates steadily lower. This will entering a new phase." often offshore. encourage operations from increas- Also prized are past investors in Worse, your chances of recov- ingly remote places— such as overseas, phony deals. "They know you're ering your money is "slim to none," where jurisdiction becomes a thorny desperate and will offer you a says Tony Adamski, chief of the issue. chance to recoup. They'll sym- FBI's financial crimes unit. "The The best advice for consumers pathize with your past losses, then money is diverted out of the country, appears to be the old saw, caveat emptor. ask for more of your money," says hidden here, or gets spent on high Let the buyer beware. Bill McDonald, enforcement chief living," adds Stapf. For starters, you can insist that your for the California Department of "That's why the emphasis has to name not be sold by magazines and Corporations. be on the front end, on getting credit card companies to firms that He discovered con artists who people not to go for the con in the compile mailing lists; mailing lists have were peddling worthless Alaskan first place," he says. a way of becoming phone lists. Second, land to victims of another bogus First, say the experts, recognize a make sure you know exactly what land scheme. con man's pitch. They all exhibit you're buying. Third, realize that once Investment cons follow the head- tell-tale signs, including "a high rate you've bought, you've bought; transac- lines, McDonald says. During the of return with little or no risk," tions completed on the phone are not Gulf War, investors were worried California's McDonald says. "We all currently protected by the three-day about foreign petroleum supplies. want to believe there's a gravy train cooling off period governing certain Hucksters hit the phones touting and we have an invitation to climb other types of sales. phony investments in Texas oil wells. abroad," he says. There isn't. Realize too that after you've been Investors lost every penny. Another dead give-away is unre- pinched, you're likely to be approached What are some other cons? lenting high-pressure, call after call. repeatedly. The people behind the • Advance-fee schemes for small "They'll say and do anything to scams routinely sell their "sucker loans. Pay a broker a front-end fee of close the deal," says Stapf. sheets" to each other. a few thousand dollars and you can Finally, "whenever you have any Or, you may notice that unauthorized get Japanese or Middle Eastern questions about a deal, walk away charges start showing up on your money. Only, there are no loans. from it," says West. 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66 THE AMERICAN LEGION " .

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APRIL 1992 67 "

Parting shots

Taped Truth The pen is mightier than the sword, but not as powerful as the camcorder.

Bad-Screen TV It seems that as television gets worse and worse, the screens get bigger and bigger.

Great Expectations Experience is what you get when you were expecting something else.

Poll Shtick A recent poll shows that eight out of 10 people believe we're still in a reces- sion. The other two have jobs.

No Rush Russian "I went to a Russian restaurant last night that was a little too authentic," said one friend to another. "How's that?" "I had to wait in line five hours, and

when I got seated, they didn't have any food left." Maestro Madness Charging Times A mother and her small daughter Remember when "buying on time" were attending a symphony concert. meant getting to the store before it Well-Seasoned During a frantic crescendo, the child, closed? "I'm a man of all seasons," says one who was watching the conductor, whis- bleacher bum to another. "Baseball pered: Chez Wong season, football season, hockey sea- "Mama, why is the man so mad? Lenny: "How did that big date go?" son ..." They're playing as fast as they can." George: "I tried to impress my date by taking her to my favorite restaurant Daffynition and ordering in French." what happened?" Poor: Financially challenged. Lenny: "So, George: "She wasn't impressed, and the Chinese food wasn't very good, EZ IRS either." Dealing with the IRS has gotten too complicated. The taxpayers want sim- pler forms, and the government wants Fire Unalarmed simpler taxpayers. The mother was surprised when her first grader told her about a fire at school, but the child informed her Ball Four calmly, "I knew it was going to happen. "I'm discouraged," said Bill. "I lost We've been practicing for it all year." four balls today, and I think I'll quit the game." "That's not bad," said his pal. "Lots Parent Raising of golfers lose four balls in a day." Did you ever notice how setting a "/ can fix the leak, but it would be a lot "Yeah," Bill replied sadly, "but I'm a good example for your children takes all cheaper to fill your basement with things bowler." the fun out of your own middle age? thatfloat.

68 THE AMERICAN LEGION .

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