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(Curculigo Orchioides) and Salam (Eulophia Compestris) Madan B

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Int J Ayu Pharm Chem REVIEW ARTICLE www.ijapc.com e-ISSN 2350-0204 A Review Article on Species used as Musali (Curculigo orchioides) and Salam (Eulophia compestris) Madan B. Tonge* *Dept. of Dravyaguna, Govt. Ayurved College Nanded (MS), India Abstract In day to day practice when we see the market samples of Musali it creates confusion in mind; which type Musali is sold by the vendor. These days various species of plants are used as Musali in different parts of India. Traditionally, Salam and Salam panja are also used as Mushali. To rule out all these differences and arrive to a definite conclusion. This is an attempt to collect the referances from samhitas and nighantus about musali. Botanically classify the species which are used as musali. Describe all the species which are in use as musali in a systematic manner. Keywords Mushali, Shweta Musali, Salam, Talmuli Greentree Group Received 09/08/16 Accepted 29/08/16 Published 10/09/16 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Madan B Tonge 2016 Greentree Group © IJAPC Int J Ayu Pharm Chem 2016 Vol. 5 Issue 2 www.ijapc.com 283 [e ISSN 2350-0204] Int J Ayu Pharm Chem INTRODUCTION shwveta musali few species of asparagaceae The term musali is famous in traditional family are in use and also roots of salam Indian system of medicine. Medicine with mishri and salampanja mishri are used as musali name is known to many household in musali. The word mishri is derived from India. Most commonly used as a tonic, musali, so few people call it as salam aphrodisiac, rejuvenator for increasing musali, salam panja musali. So, in this vigour and stamina. There are two types of review article it has been tried to get all musali that are in use Shveta and Krushna. details of musali and mishries from various In nature both Musli prefer same habitat and references. commonly grows side by side. The traditional healers prefer the Musli herbs MUSALI - growing side by side for preparing the The word Musali is not mentioned in herbal formulations. It is a bitter fact that in Charaka samhita whereas Sushruta indigenous systems of medicine, Kali mentioned the word Talmuli in shwas (Black) Musli is used more frequently as chikitsa which is synonym of krushna compared to the Safed Musli. Krushna musali. With the name musali we get two musali (Curculigo orchiodes) is a plant drugs. One is shwet musali and another grown in a asian countries like india, krishna musali. Both type of musali that is pakistan, malaysia. Curculigo orchiodes is a shwet and Krishna musali possess similar herbaceous tuberous perennial with a short property but in Samhitas it is rarely used in or elongate root stock bearing several fleshy formulations except Pakas. lateral roots. The plant can grow up to 10-35 The word cm tall. Leaves sessile or petiolate 15- 45x1.3-2.5 cm, linear or linear lanceolate, tips sometimes rooting, scape very short, clavate. It has hardy leaves and can take shade: the leaves will just get a bit longer in the shade than in full sun shine. During flowering period it opens a golden yellow Krishna musali- flower at the leaf base every day. With name Hindi name: Kali mushali ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Madan B Tonge 2016 Greentree Group © IJAPC Int J Ayu Pharm Chem 2016 Vol. 5 Issue 2 www.ijapc.com 284 www.ijapc.com 284 [e ISSN 2350-0204] Int J Ayu Pharm Chem Latin name: Curculigo orchioides Hemapushpi, Bhutali, Dirghakandika are Family: Amaryllidaceae synonyms of Musali. Etymological derivation of synonyms- According to Bhavprakasha, Talmuli is the synonyms of krishna musali. The properties of Krishna musali explained in bhavpraksha nighantu are Madhura and Tikta Rasa, Following are some of the medicinal uses Ushna Virya, and Guru Guna, Vrushya, of Krishna musali according to Brihana, Rasayana, Arshoghna, and Ayurveda- Vatanashana. According to Acharya Shandhatwa (Male libido): Crush root of Sushruta Musali is useful in treatment of black musali and make it into powder form. shwasa. Traditionally it is used in Take 250gms of this powder and mix 50ml management of various disorders like arsha, of honey to it. Take ½ tsp of this solution 2 kamala and shula. Due to Madhura and times a day for 1-2 weeks. Tikta Rasa, Ushna Virya, and Guru guna it Shwetapradara (Leucorrhoea): Mix 5gm. performs various action (karmas) in the of powder made out of its roots with jaggery body like Vrushya, Vajikara, Bruhana, and take it 2 times a day. Rasayana, Shramahara, Agnivardhaka, Kamala (Jaundice): Mix 5grms of root Sthairyakara, Mardavkara, Vatapitta powder in warm milk properly and take is shamaka. once every day. You could continue your regular medication and take this solution for faster relief. This could aid in fast recovery from the ailment Mutrakrichha (Dysuria): In case you are suffering from this ailment where the According to Raja nighantukara Musali, urination is painful and difficult then Talmuli, Suvaha, Talpatrika, Godhapadi, consume a mixture of 3grms of dried root ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Madan B Tonge 2016 Greentree Group © IJAPC Int J Ayu Pharm Chem 2016 Vol. 5 Issue 2 www.ijapc.com 285 www.ijapc.com 285 [e ISSN 2350-0204] Int J Ayu Pharm Chem powder of black musali with warm milk 1 Scientific classification time of your choice in a day Amlapitta (Hyperacidity): Take 3gms of Kingdom: Plantae black musali powder and mix it in milk. Order: Asparagales Take is once a day. It would help in getting Family: Hypoxidaceae rid of heartburn and stomach gas and other Genus: Curculigo digestion related problems Species: C. orchioides Twakavikar (skin diseases): Crush the roots and prepare a past out of powder. Apply this on skin to get rid of pimples and rashes. You could also use it as a face pack to get glowing skin Constituents of Krishna musali Krishna musali contains following active compounds – . Starch – 43.48% . Tannins – 4.15% . Ash – 8.6% . Enzymes – 14.18% . Glycoside . Syringic acid . Curculigoside . Flavone glycoside-5 . Alkloid lycorine . Palmatic acid Image No. 3 C.orchioid Roots Scientific classification of C. orchioides - Table 1 Showing scientific classification of C. Shweta musali- Orchioid. Hindi name: Safed Musali Sanskrit Name: Shweta musali ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Madan B Tonge 2016 Greentree Group © IJAPC Int J Ayu Pharm Chem 2016 Vol. 5 Issue 2 www.ijapc.com 286 www.ijapc.com 286 [e ISSN 2350-0204] Int J Ayu Pharm Chem Latin name: Asparagus adscendens general body immunity, cures physical Family: Liliaceae (Asparagaceae) illness and weakness, can be taken as a milk Habitat: it is found in E. Asia, decoction, powder, confection ( musali Afghanistan, Himalaya and forest of paka). Uttarpradesh. Description: It is an evergreen shrub, the flowers are dioeciously either male or female but only one sex is to be found on any one plant so both male and female plant must be grown and are pollinated by bees. Useful part: Root and Stem Principle constituents: It has several Image No. 4- Asparagus adscendens principle constituents like steroidal Following Species of liliaceae Family are Glycosides, several compounds like 3- also used as Shweta musali – heptadecanone, 8- Hexadecenoic acid, 1. Chlorphytum tuberosum methyl pentacosanoate, palmitic acid, steric 2. Chlorphytum borivillanum acid. 3. Chlorphytum arundinaceum Medicinal Uses: 1 Chlorphytum tuberosum - Roots are used in diarrhoea, haematuria, Table 2 - Showing scientific classification of leucorrhoea, general debility. It is used as an C. tuberosum. aphrodisiac as well as to increased sperm Scientific classification count. Effectively used in erectile Kingdom: Plantae dysfunctioning and premature ejaculation. It is useful in dubieties related debilities. Its Order: Asparagales use as general tonic is also well known all Family: Asparagaceae over India, it has been found very effective Subfamily: Agavoideae in increasing male potency and is Genus: Chlorophytum considered as an alternative to Viagra. It Species: C. tuberosum offers significant protection against stress induced changes, it is used for increasing ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Madan B Tonge 2016 Greentree Group © IJAPC Int J Ayu Pharm Chem 2016 Vol. 5 Issue 2 www.ijapc.com 287 www.ijapc.com 287 [e ISSN 2350-0204] Int J Ayu Pharm Chem Following Species of liliaceae Family are Hindi name is Safed musali (also commonly also used as Shweta musali – known as musali). It is cultivated and eaten 4. Chlorphytum tuberosum as a leaf vegetable in some parts of India, 5. Chlorphytum borivillanum and its roots are used medicinally as a sex 6. Chlorphytum arundinaceum tonic under the name Safed musali. The 1 Chlorphytum tuberosum - medicinal value is thought to derive from its Table 2 - Showing scientific classification of saponin content, up to 17 percent by dry C. tuberosum. weight. It has also recently been suggested Scientific classification that it may produce an aphrodisiac agent. As Kingdom: Plantae medicinal demand has increased, the plant Order: Asparagales has been brought under cultivation. The saponins and alkaloids present in the plant Family: Asparagaceae are the source of its alleged aphrodisiac Subfamily: Agavoideae properties. In traditional Indian medicine it Genus: Chlorophytum is used as 'Rasayan' or adaptogen.
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    INTERNATIONAL AYURVEDIC MEDICAL JOURNAL Review Article ISSN: 2320 5091 Impact Factor: 5.344 A REVIEW ON KRISHNA MUSALI (CURCULIGO ORCHIOIDES GAERTN) AND ITS CULTIVATION AND PROPAGATION-AN ENDANGERED MEDICINAL PLANT Mahadevi Bhangi1, I. B. Kotturshetty2, Prakash Meti3 1Assistant Professor, Dept. of Dravyaguna, Shri J.G.C.H.S AMC, Ghataprabha, Karnataka, India 2Principal & Professor, Dept. of Panchakarma, RGES AMC, Ron, Karnataka, India 3Associate Professor & PhD Scholar, RGES AMC, Ron, Karnataka, India Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Since immemorial time, the plants drugs have been in use for treatment of disease. But due to over exploitation, destructive mode of collection, and other biotic and abiotic factors several medicinal plants are facing genetic ero- sion and are under the threat of extinction. Krishna Musali (CurculigoorchioidesGaertn) is an endangered medic- inal plant and as such required to be conserved and domesticated. Krishna Musali has been widely described in the Ayurvedic classical texts. It plays significant role in the treatment of different diseases It is extensively used in Rasayana, Vajikarana (rejuvenation), as nutritive tonic. Many pronounced biological activities such as anti can- cerous, anti-hepatictoxic and immune modulator activities have been reported from the Krishna Musali plant. The plants can be cultivated by rhizomes and plants are naturally propagated through seeds and underground bulbils. The seeds of Curculigo Ochioides were cultured on MS basal medium. Explants produced a single shoot and well-established roots. Multiple shoots were obtained by culturing the explants on a medium containing cytokine. Either of BAP, Zeatin, IAA, a kinetic produced 5 to 15 shoots per explant without any root formation.
  • Synthesis of Cysteine Sulfoxides and Related Compounds Occurring in Wild Onions

    Synthesis of Cysteine Sulfoxides and Related Compounds Occurring in Wild Onions

    Synthesis of cysteine sulfoxides and related compounds occurring in wild onions Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) dem Fachbereich Pharmazie der Philipps-Universität Marburg vorgelegt von Mohammad Sadegh Feizabad aus Teheran / Iran Marburg/Lahn, 2019 i Erstgutachter: Prof. Dr. Michael Keusgen Zweitgutachter: Prof. Dr. Frank Runkel Tag der Einreichung Promotion: 24.04.2019 Tag der mündlichen Promotion: 24.06.2019 ii Dedicated to my beloved parents and wife for their precious supports and gentle, who have inspired me and been the driving force throughout my life. iii Foreword The majority of the genus Allium species are known for their medicinal applications: for example, A. stipitatum shows antibiotic effects against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some other Allium species exhibit antistaphylococcal effects. Furthermore, recent studies have provided evidence of various antifungal, antidiabetic, and anticancer effects of some Allium species. Allium is also well known in traditional medicine for its ability to cure various ailments such as wounds or acute and chronic bronchitis; additionally, alliums can be used as expectorants due to the presence of cysteine sulfoxide and its derivatives. Cysteine sulfoxides, which are some of the basic secondary compounds in Allium, have been addressed in various studies. Alliin, propiin, methin, marasmin, and thiosulfinate, all of which are alliinase substrates, are of particular interest because of their pharmaceutical effects. The enzymatic reaction that occurs during the formation of disulfides or thiosufinates results in various compounds that differ chemically, physically, and pharmaceutically.The cysteine sulfoxide recently investigated in A. giganteum, A. rarolininanum, A. rosenorum, and A. macleani species is the S-(pyrrolyl)cysteine S-oxide.