DOCSLIB.ORG

RESEARCH PAPER Eulophia Pauciflora Guillaumin

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
RESEARCH PAPER Eulophia Pauciflora Guillaumin NeBIO An international journal of environment and biodiversity Vol. 8, No. 3, September 2017, 147-149 ISSN 2278-2281(Online Version) ☼ www.nebio.in RESEARCH PAPER Eulophia pauciflora Guillaumin (Orchidaceae): an addition to the orchid flora of India Maruthakkutti Murugesan, Laishram Ricky Meitei, Chaya Deori* and Ashiho Asosii Mao Botanical Survey of India, Eastern Regional Centre, Shillong-793003, Meghalaya, India ABSTRACT Eulophia pauciflora Guillaumin (Orchidaceae) is reported here as a new addition to the orchid flora of India from Meghalaya. A detailed description and photographic illustrations are provided for easy and correct identification. KEYWORDS: Eulophia pauciflora, orchid, new record, India Received 31 July 2017, Accepted 25 August 2017 I *Corresponding author: [email protected] Introduction The genus Eulophia R. Brown comprises of about 200 species in racemose, 28–42 cm long. Floral bracts linear-lanceolate acute, tropical and subtropical regions, most diverse in Africa, but also 14–15 × 4–4.5 mm, 7-8 nerved, shorter than ovary. Flowers 21 mm widespread from Madagascar and the Mascarene Islands to C long from the tip of dorsal sepal till the tip of spur, 20 mm wide. and tropical Asia, the SW Pacific islands, and N and NW Australia Ovary with pedicel 17–18 mm long. Sepals greenish speckled with (Chen et. al., 2009). There are about 24 species in India (Misra, brown. Petals greenish white, lip whitish. Peduncle terete, about 2007). Rao & Singh, 2015 reported 5 species of Eulophia from the 28–42 cm long, erect, bearing about 4-5 membranous sterile state of Meghalaya. A botanical exploration tour was undertaken bracts. Sepals lanceolate-oblong acute, 5-nerved; dorsal sepals to Sumer forest area of Ri bhoi district, Meghalaya in July 2017, 15.5 × 3 mm, margin incurved, lateral sepals 16.2 × 2–2.5 mm. under annual action plan programme for ex -situ conservation of Petals 13 × 4.5–5 mm, narrowly elliptical, rounded, with a endemic, threatened and economically important plants of longitudinal line of papillae within, 5-nerved, laterals branched, northeast region. During the tour, the first two authors (MM & Lip 14.5 – 16 × 4.5 – 6.5 mm, obovate-spatula, no distinctly set-off LRM) collected a Eulophia species in flowering condition and sidelobes but usually upcurved edges of hypochile, rounded at the introduced in Botanic Garden, Barapani, Botanical Survey of India, apex, undulating on the edges, lateral lobes of lip small, Shillong. The species was critically examined and after embracing the column; mid-lobe broadly oblong, rounded, consultation with relevant literatures (Gagnepain, 1934; crenulate; disc with five nerves, nerves pink; spur short, 4.5 mm Seidenfaden, 1983) it was identified as Eulophia pauciflora long, cylindrical. Column 4.5–5 × 2 mm. Anther 1×1 mm. Pollinia 1 Guillaumin a hitherto unknown species in India (Misra, 2007; × 0.5 mm, ovoid with dimple. Fruit 29–30 mm long, ridged. Kataki 1986; Rao & Singh, 2015; Chowdhery, 2001, 2009; Rao, 2007). Eulophia pauciflora is allied to Eulophia siamense Rolfe ex Flowering & Fruiting: July-August Downie in habit but differs in the petals with a longitudinal line of papillae within. In this paper, Eulophia pauciflora is reported as an Distribution: INDIA (Meghalaya), China, Laos. addition to the Flora of India. A detailed description from the living specimen, photographic illustrations with other relevant Habitat: Terrestrial, open grassy slopes in moist tropical to information are provided here for easy identification. subtropical forest at an altitude of 900 –1000 m Eulophia pauciflora Guillaumin in Bull.Soc.Bot. France 77: 338.1930; Seidenf., Op. Specimen examined: INDIA: Meghalaya, Ri bhoi district, Sumer Bot. 72:40.Fig.23. 1973. Donacopsis laotica Gagnep., Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., forest, 10.7.17, 25°41'41"N 91°53'27"E, M. Murugesan & L. R. sér. 2, 4: 593 1932. Meitei 137315(ASSAM!) Plants with subterraneous tubers with fleshy roots, 25–40 cm tall. Provisional IUCN Conservation assessment: Data Deficient (DD). Roots thick, 2mm in dm. Pseudobulbs or tubers conical-ovoid, Eulophia pauciflora is so far known only from a single locality in medium-sized, 3.5–4 × 1–1.2 cm in diameter. Leaves 3, present at Rib hoi district in Meghalaya. More than 50 individuals were anthesis, linear, 19–31 × 10 mm, grass-like with one stout midrib, observed growing in the area in association with Arundinella spp., base sheathing the pseudobulb, apex acuminate. Inflorescence Habenaria acuifera, H. reniformis, Ceropegia macrantha, © 2017. NECEER, Imphal. All rights reserved RESEARCH PAPER Murugesan et al » Eulophia pauciflora Guillaumin (Orchidaceae): an addition to the orchid flora of India » NeBIO 8(3): 147-149 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Figure 1. Eulophia pauciflora Guillaumin A & B: Habit; C: Inflorescence; D: Floral bract; E & F: Flowers, front and side views; G: Floral perigone with lip; H: Sepals, dorsal and laterals; I: Petals, ventral and dorsal views; J: Petals, ventral views; K: Lip, side view with pedicel & ovary; L: Lip, front view with column and anther; M: Lip with spur; N: Column with anther, pedicel & ovary; O: Anther, dorsal and ventral views; P: Pollinia, ventral & dorsal view [photographic illustration C. Deori after M. Murugesan & L. R. Meitei 137315(ASSAM)] 148 NeBIO I ISSN 2278-2281(Online Version) I www.nebio.in RESEARCH PAPER Murugesan et al » Eulophia pauciflora Guillaumin (Orchidaceae): an addition to the orchid flora of India » NeBIO 8(3): 147-149 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crotalaria spp. The species might be more widespread in Chowdhery, H.J. 2009. Orchid diversity in the North-Eastern states Meghalaya than is currently known. Further exploration is of India. Journal of Orchid Society of India 23(1 - 2): 19 - 42 necessary before a threat status can be given. Gagnepain, F. 1934. Orchidaceae.- In: Lecomte, H.(ed.) Flore Generale de I;Indo-Chine 6. Paris. P. 403, Fig.36. Acknowledgements Kataki S.K. 1986. Orchids of Meghalaya, Forest Department, Authors are grateful to Dr. P. Singh, Director, BSI, Kolkata for Meghalaya, Shillong, India support and logistic. Misra, S. 2007. Orchids of India: A glimpse. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun. References Rao, A.N. 2007. Orchid Flora of North East India- an up to date Chen, X. P.J. Cribb and S.W. Gale. 2009. Eulophia in: Wu, Z. Y., analysis. Bulletin of Arunachal forest Research 23(1&2): 6-38 P.H. Raven & D.Y. Hong, (eds.) Flora of China, Vol. 25. Science Rao, C.S. and S.K.Singh. 2015. Wild Orchids of Meghalaya, A Press, Beijing and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, Pictorial Guide Meghalaya. Biodiversity Board, Government of USA, pp. 253–258. Meghalaya. Chowdhery, H.J. 2001. Orchid diversity in North-East India. Seidenfaden, G. 1973. Orchid Genera in Thailand XI Cymbidium Journal of Orchid Society of India 15(1&2): 1 - 17. Pfitz. Opera Botanica 72:40-46 © 2017. NECEER, Imphal. All rights reserved 149 NeBIO I ISSN 2278-2281(Online Version) I www.nebio.in .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • (Curculigo Orchioides) and Salam (Eulophia Compestris) Madan B
    Int J Ayu Pharm Chem REVIEW ARTICLE www.ijapc.com e-ISSN 2350-0204 A Review Article on Species used as Musali (Curculigo orchioides) and Salam (Eulophia compestris) Madan B. Tonge* *Dept. of Dravyaguna, Govt. Ayurved College Nanded (MS), India Abstract In day to day practice when we see the market samples of Musali it creates confusion in mind; which type Musali is sold by the vendor. These days various species of plants are used as Musali in different parts of India. Traditionally, Salam and Salam panja are also used as Mushali. To rule out all these differences and arrive to a definite conclusion. This is an attempt to collect the referances from samhitas and nighantus about musali. Botanically classify the species which are used as musali. Describe all the species which are in use as musali in a systematic manner. Keywords Mushali, Shweta Musali, Salam, Talmuli Greentree Group Received 09/08/16 Accepted 29/08/16 Published 10/09/16 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Madan B Tonge 2016 Greentree Group © IJAPC Int J Ayu Pharm Chem 2016 Vol. 5 Issue 2 www.ijapc.com 283 [e ISSN 2350-0204] Int J Ayu Pharm Chem INTRODUCTION shwveta musali few species of asparagaceae The term musali is famous in traditional family are in use and also roots of salam Indian system of medicine. Medicine with mishri and salampanja mishri are used as musali name is known to many household in musali. The word mishri is derived from India. Most commonly used as a tonic, musali, so few people call it as salam aphrodisiac, rejuvenator for increasing musali, salam panja musali.
    [Show full text]
  • Confronting Assumptions About Spontaneous Autogamy
    Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009, 161, 78–88. With 4 figures Confronting assumptions about spontaneous autogamy in populations of Eulophia alta (Orchidaceae) in south Florida: assessing the effect of pollination treatments on seed formation, seed germination and seedling developmentboj_992 78..88 TIMOTHY R. JOHNSON1*, SCOTT L. STEWART2, PHILIP KAUTH1, MICHAEL E. KANE1 and NANCY PHILMAN1 1Plant Restoration, Conservation and Propagation Biotechnology Lab, Department of Environmental Horticulture, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0675, USA 2Horticulture and Agriculture Programs, Kankakee Community College, 100 College Drive, Kankakee, IL 60901, USA Received 1 June 2009; accepted for publication 7 July 2009 The breeding system of the terrestrial orchid Eulophia alta was investigated in south Florida where it has previously been reported as an auto-pollinated species. The effect of breeding system on seed viability and germinability and seedling development was also investigated. Incidences of spontaneous autogamy in E. alta were rare at the study site, resulting in only 7.1% of observed flowers forming capsules. In addition, hand pollination resulted in significantly greater capsule formation when flowers were subjected to induced autogamy (46.4%), artificial geitonogamy (64.3%) and xenogamy at both short (pollen source 10–100 m away; 42.9%) and long (pollen source > 10 km away; 67.9%) distances. Pollen source had little effect on seed viability and germinability or seedling growth rates. However, seed resulting from spontaneous autogamy developed more slowly than seed originating from the other treatments. These data indicate that spontaneous autogamy is rare in E. alta and that naturally forming capsules may be the result of unobserved pollination events.
    [Show full text]
  • An Asian Orchid, Eulophia Graminea (Orchidaceae: Cymbidieae), Naturalizes in Florida
    LANKESTERIANA 8(1): 5-14. 2008. AN ASIAN ORCHID, EULOPHIA GRAMINEA (ORCHIDACEAE: CYMBIDIEAE), NATURALIZES IN FLORIDA ROBE R T W. PEMBE R TON 1,3, TIMOTHY M. COLLINS 2 & SUZANNE KO P TU R 2 1Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, 2121 SW 28th Terrace Ft. Lauderdale, Florida 33312 2Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199 3Author for correspondence: [email protected] ABST R A C T . Eulophia graminea, a terrestrial orchid native to Asia, has naturalized in southern Florida. Orchids naturalize less often than other flowering plants or ferns, butE. graminea has also recently become naturalized in Australia. Plants were found growing in five neighborhoods in Miami-Dade County, spanning 35 km from the most northern to the most southern site, and growing only in woodchip mulch at four of the sites. Plants at four sites bore flowers, and fruit were observed at two sites. Hand pollination treatments determined that the flowers are self compatible but fewer fruit were set in selfed flowers (4/10) than in out-crossed flowers (10/10). No fruit set occurred in plants isolated from pollinators, indicating that E. graminea is not autogamous. Pollinia removal was not detected at one site, but was 24.3 % at the other site evaluated for reproductive success. A total of 26 and 92 fruit were found at these two sites, where an average of 6.5 and 3.4 fruit were produced per plant. These fruits ripened and dehisced rapidly; some dehiscing while their inflorescences still bore open flowers. Fruit set averaged 9.2 and 4.5 % at the two sites.
    [Show full text]
  • Pollen and Stamen Mimicry: the Alpine Flora As a Case Study
    Arthropod-Plant Interactions DOI 10.1007/s11829-017-9525-5 ORIGINAL PAPER Pollen and stamen mimicry: the alpine flora as a case study 1 1 1 1 Klaus Lunau • Sabine Konzmann • Lena Winter • Vanessa Kamphausen • Zong-Xin Ren2 Received: 1 June 2016 / Accepted: 6 April 2017 Ó The Author(s) 2017. This article is an open access publication Abstract Many melittophilous flowers display yellow and Dichogamous and diclinous species display pollen- and UV-absorbing floral guides that resemble the most com- stamen-imitating structures more often than non-dichoga- mon colour of pollen and anthers. The yellow coloured mous and non-diclinous species, respectively. The visual anthers and pollen and the similarly coloured flower guides similarity between the androecium and other floral organs are described as key features of a pollen and stamen is attributed to mimicry, i.e. deception caused by the flower mimicry system. In this study, we investigated the entire visitor’s inability to discriminate between model and angiosperm flora of the Alps with regard to visually dis- mimic, sensory exploitation, and signal standardisation played pollen and floral guides. All species were checked among floral morphs, flowering phases, and co-flowering for the presence of pollen- and stamen-imitating structures species. We critically discuss deviant pollen and stamen using colour photographs. Most flowering plants of the mimicry concepts and evaluate the frequent evolution of Alps display yellow pollen and at least 28% of the species pollen-imitating structures in view of the conflicting use of display pollen- or stamen-imitating structures. The most pollen for pollination in flowering plants and provision of frequent types of pollen and stamen imitations were pollen for offspring in bees.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ethnobotany of South African Medicinal Orchids ⁎ M
    South African Journal of Botany 77 (2011) 2–9 www.elsevier.com/locate/sajb Review The ethnobotany of South African medicinal orchids ⁎ M. Chinsamy, J.F. Finnie, J. Van Staden Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa Received 22 July 2010; received in revised form 14 September 2010; accepted 28 September 2010 Abstract Orchidaceae, the largest and most diverse family of flowering plants is widespread, with a broad range of ethnobotanical applications. Southern Africa is home to approximately 494 terrestrial and epiphytic orchid species, of which, 49 are used in African traditional medicine to treat cough and diarrheal symptoms, madness, promote conception, relieve pain, induce nausea, and expel intestinal worms and for many cultural practices. The biological activity and chemical composition of South African medicinal orchid species are yet to be explored fully. In this review we highlight the potential for pharmacological research on South African medicinal orchid species based on their traditional medicinal uses. © 2010 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Ethnobotany; Medicinal; Orchidaceae Contents 1. Introduction ............................................................... 2 1.1. Distribution ............................................................ 3 1.2. Ethnobotanical use ........................................................ 3 1.2.1. Medicinal uses
    [Show full text]
  • Macro-Micromorphological, Antioxidant and Preliminary Phytochemical Studies on Two Terrestrial Orchids Eulophia Nuda Lindl
    Advances in Zoology and Botany 9(2): 45-51, 2021 http://www.hrpub.org DOI: 10.13189/azb.2021.090202 Macro-Micromorphological, Antioxidant and Preliminary Phytochemical Studies on Two Terrestrial Orchids Eulophia Nuda Lindl. and Geodorum Densiflorum (Lam.) Schltr. Dasgupta R*, Dongarwar NM Department of Botany, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India Received June 11, 2020; Revised October 8, 2020; Accepted January 23, 2021 Cite This Paper in the following Citation Styles (a): [1] Dasgupta R, Dongarwar NM , "Macro-Micromorphological, Antioxidant and Preliminary Phytochemical Studies on Two Terrestrial Orchids Eulophia Nuda Lindl. and Geodorum Densiflorum (Lam.) Schltr.," Advances in Zoology and Botany, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 45 - 51, 2021. DOI: 10.13189/azb.2021.090202. (b): Dasgupta R, Dongarwar NM (2021). Macro-Micromorphological, Antioxidant and Preliminary Phytochemical Studies on Two Terrestrial Orchids Eulophia Nuda Lindl. and Geodorum Densiflorum (Lam.) Schltr.. Advances in Zoology and Botany, 9(2), 45 - 51. DOI: 10.13189/azb.2021.090202. Copyright©2021 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License Abstract An attempt for study of two terrestrial orchids Activity, DPPH Free Radical Scavenging Assay i.e. Eulophia nuda (Lindl.) and Geodorum densiflorum (Lam.) Schltr. were carried out. Main focus was on the corms of both the orchids due to its huge medicinal properties like anticancerous, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, phytotoxic, etc. This is one of the prime 1. Introduction reasons behind their threatened status along with endemic The two taxa under investigation belong to the family habitat.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.AN ASIAN ORCHID, EULOPHIA GRAMINEA
    Lankesteriana International Journal on Orchidology ISSN: 1409-3871 [email protected] Universidad de Costa Rica Costa Rica Pemberton, Robert W.; Collins, Timothy M.; Koptur, Suzanne AN ASIAN ORCHID, EULOPHIA GRAMINEA (ORCHIDACEAE: CYMBIDIEAE), NATURALIZES IN FLORIDA Lankesteriana International Journal on Orchidology, vol. 8, núm. 1, abril, 2008, pp. 5-14 Universidad de Costa Rica Cartago, Costa Rica Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=44339815002 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative LANKESTERIANA 8(1): 5-14. 2008. AN ASIAN ORCHID, EULOPHIA GRAMINEA (ORCHIDACEAE: CYMBIDIEAE), NATURALIZES IN FLORIDA ROBE R T W. PEMBE R TON 1,3, TIMOTHY M. COLLINS 2 & SUZANNE KO P TU R 2 1Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, 2121 SW 28th Terrace Ft. Lauderdale, Florida 33312 2Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199 3Author for correspondence: [email protected] ABST R A C T . Eulophia graminea, a terrestrial orchid native to Asia, has naturalized in southern Florida. Orchids naturalize less often than other flowering plants or ferns, butE. graminea has also recently become naturalized in Australia. Plants were found growing in five neighborhoods in Miami-Dade County, spanning 35 km from the most northern to the most southern site, and growing only in woodchip mulch at four of the sites. Plants at four sites bore flowers, and fruit were observed at two sites. Hand pollination treatments determined that the flowers are self compatible but fewer fruit were set in selfed flowers (4/10) than in out-crossed flowers (10/10).
    [Show full text]
  • Chromosome Numbers and Cross-Compatibility in the Genus Cymbidium and Some Related Tropical Genera (Orchidaceae)
    CHROMOSOME NUMBERS AND CROSS-COMPATIBILITY IN THE GENUS CYMBIDIUM AND SOME RELATED TROPICAL GENERA (ORCHIDACEAE) A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN HORTICULTURE AUGUST 1977 By Kenneth W. Leonhardt Dissertation Committee: Yoneo Sagawa, Chairman Haruyuki Kamemoto Henry Y. Nakasone Philip E. Parvin William L. Theobald We certify that we have read this dissertation and that in our opinion it is satisfactory in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Horticulture. DISSERTATION COMMITTEE (7 'Cry^o , w A Chairman Chromosome Numbers and Cross-Compatibility in the Genus Cymbidium and Some Related Tropical Genera (Orchidaceae) Abstract Investigations on chromosome numbers and cross-compatibility were made with species and hybrids of Cymbidium and other tropical genera of the family Orchidaceae. Chromosome number determinations were made of 163 plants. One hundred nineteen counts of Cymbidium clones were made of which 92 are reported for the first time. Diploid, triploid, tetraploid, hexaploid and aneuploid individuals were determined. Triploid cultivars of two species, C. insigne 'Bierii' and C. pumilum 'Yashima' were found. Forty- four counts of intergeneric hybrids and genera other than Cymbidium were made. The hybrid status of 17 progenies of intergeneric pollinations was determined by analysis of somatic chromosome numbers. Nine plants derived from colchicine treated protocorms were identified as polyploids; 8 being euploid and 1 a mixoploid. The origin of the polyploid nature of some of the hybrids not subjected to colchicine treatments is dis­ cussed. It was verified cytologically that Cymbidium did hybridize with Ansellia and Catasetum.
    [Show full text]
  • E29695d2fc942b3642b5dc68ca
    ISSN 1409-3871 VOL. 9, No. 1—2 AUGUST 2009 Orchids and orchidology in Central America: 500 years of history CARLOS OSSENBACH INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON ORCHIDOLOGY LANKESTERIANA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON ORCHIDOLOGY Copyright © 2009 Lankester Botanical Garden, University of Costa Rica Effective publication date: August 30, 2009 Layout: Jardín Botánico Lankester. Cover: Chichiltic tepetlauxochitl (Laelia speciosa), from Francisco Hernández, Rerum Medicarum Novae Hispaniae Thesaurus, Rome, Jacobus Mascardus, 1628. Printer: Litografía Ediciones Sanabria S.A. Printed copies: 500 Printed in Costa Rica / Impreso en Costa Rica R Lankesteriana / International Journal on Orchidology No. 1 (2001)-- . -- San José, Costa Rica: Editorial Universidad de Costa Rica, 2001-- v. ISSN-1409-3871 1. Botánica - Publicaciones periódicas, 2. Publicaciones periódicas costarricenses LANKESTERIANA i TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 1 Geographical and historical scope of this study 1 Political history of Central America 3 Central America: biodiversity and phytogeography 7 Orchids in the prehispanic period 10 The area of influence of the Chibcha culture 10 The northern region of Central America before the Spanish conquest 11 Orchids in the cultures of Mayas and Aztecs 15 The history of Vanilla 16 From the Codex Badianus to Carl von Linné 26 The Codex Badianus 26 The expedition of Francisco Hernández to New Spain (1570-1577) 26 A new dark age 28 The “English American” — the journey through Mexico and Central America of Thomas Gage (1625-1637) 31 The renaissance of science
    [Show full text]
  • Newly Discovered Native Orchids of Taiwan
    Taiwania, 51(3): 162-169, 2006 Newly Discovered Native Orchids of Taiwan Wei-Min Lin(1), Ling-Long Kuo Huang(2) and Tsan-Piao Lin(3,4) (Manuscript received 3 February, 2006; accepted 8 May, 2006) ABSTRACT: In this report, four newly discovered native orchids: Bulbophyllum fimbriperianthium, Eulophia pulchra var. actinomorpha, Saccolabiopsis wulaokenensis, and Tropidia nanhuae, including a new record of the genus, Saccolabiopsis, are presented. KEY WORDS: Native orchid, Bulbophyllum fimbriperianthium, Eulophia pulchra var. actinomorpha, Saccolabiopsis wulaokenensis, Tropidia nanhuae. INTRODUCTION apart, ovoid-conic, often oblique, rugose, 1-1.6 cm long, 6-10 mm wide. Leaves solitary, short petioled, In the past several years, the senior author, an oblong or oblong-oblanceolate, thick-coriacious, enthusiastic amateur, explored many locations 4-8.5 cm long, 1.2-2 cm wide, slightly retuse at throughout the island of Taiwan to take pictures of apex, cuneate at base. Scapes from base of wild orchids in their native habitats. With his keen pseudobulb, 6-8 cm long, 1 mm in diameter at base, sense for native orchids, he has discovered many thicker toward apex, lower part with 2 sheath-like species that have never been reported previously. scales, 5-9 mm long; bracts elongate-triangular, 7 This also indicates that many species were ignored mm long; pedicel and ovary 5-8 mm long. Flowers by botanists due to extreme similarity of their 4-8 in a very short raceme, umbellate, 2.4-3.5 cm vegetative parts even with repeat visits; thus the long, 7-9 mm across; upper sepal oblong, obtuse, or orchid flora of Taiwan is expected to continue to rounded at apex, white with red veins, deep red at expand.
    [Show full text]
  • 89. EULOPHIA R. Brown, Bot. Reg. 7: Ad T
    Flora of China 25: 253–258. 2009. 89. EULOPHIA R. Brown, Bot. Reg. 7: ad t. 573 [“578”]. 1821 [“Eulophus”], nom. cons. 美冠兰属 mei guan lan shu Chen Xinqi (陈心启 Chen Sing-chi); Phillip J. Cribb, Stephan W. Gale Cyrtopera Lindley; Donacopsis Gagnepain; Lissochilus R. Brown; Semiphajus Gagnepain, p.p. Herbs, terrestrial, autotrophic or rarely heteromycotrophic. Pseudobulbs subterranean or borne above ground, cormlike, tuber- ous, or rhizomatous, usually several noded, with several slender or thick fibrous roots at base. Leaves appearing at or after anthesis, 1 to many, basal, base tapering or contracted into a long petiole-like stalk, reduced to scales in heteromycotrophic species; petiole-like leaf base sometimes overlapping and forming a pseudostem. Inflorescence erect, lateral, racemose or rarely paniculate, laxly to sub- densely many flowered or occasionally reduced to a solitary flower. Flowers resupinate, small to large, sometimes showy; pedicel and ovary slender. Sepals free, similar; lateral sepals usually slightly oblique, sometimes adnate to column foot. Petals similar to dorsal sepal or slightly wider; lip ± erect, usually 3-lobed, lateral lobes erect and embracing column, rarely entire, base usually spurred or saccate; disk usually with a callus consisting of lamellae, ridges, or fringes. Column short to long, usually winged; column foot present or less commonly absent; anther terminal, incompletely 2-locular, anther cap often with 2 projections; pollinia 2, ± cleft, waxy, attached to a suborbicular viscidium by a short, broad stipe. About 200 species: tropical and subtropical regions, most diverse in Africa, but also widespread from Madagascar and the Mascarene Islands to C and tropical Asia, the SW Pacific islands, and N and NW Australia; 13 species (two endemic) in China.
    [Show full text]
  • Eulophia Horsfallii at Kirstenbosch
    EULOPHIA HORSFALLlj by Graham Duncan, Kirstenbosch II /L 16 Veld &' Flora March 2000 AT KIRSTENBOSCH The orchid genus Eulophia bout ten years ago, a single flowered in widely separated parts consists of about 200 species plant of Eulophia horsfallii of the Kirsten-bosch estate, such which are very widely A was donated to Kirsten­ as at the Gold Fields Educational Centre, and at the Harry Molteno distributed in Africa, and also bosch from the Constantia, Cape Library, as well as just outside occur in Central America, Town garden of Miss Selma Bock, a most enthusiastic and successful Kirstenbosch in the grounds of the India and South-East Asia. grower of all manner of garden Church of the Good Shepherd The genus is particularly well plants. Miss Bock, who had an eye near the main entrance to represented in South Africa for the bizarre and the beautiful, Kirstenbosch. where its distribution is received her original plant from The major reason that most centred in the Eastern Cape, an employee of the local orchids cannot be raised success­ KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga Constantia Catholic Church, but fully from seed sown under non­ and the Northern Province. no further details regarding its sterile conditions (as one would While many eulophias are origin are known. I carefully normally sow a tray of Lachenalia endemic to this country, the cultivated it in a large plastic pot seeds, for example) is that the distribution range of several in the Kirstenbosch bulb nursery seedlings of most of them are dependent for survival on a species found here extends and after two years the first inflo­ symbiotic association with a into Central and West Africa.
    [Show full text]