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Tomochichi's Trans-Atlantic Quest for Traditional Power in The
Tomochichi’s Trans-Atlantic Quest for Traditional Power in the Colonial Southeast. By: Steven Peach Peach, S. (2013) Creek Indian Globetrotter: Tomochichi’s Trans-Atlantic Quest for Traditional Power in the Colonial Southeast. Ethnohistory, 60(4), 605-635. DOI: DOI 10.1215/00141801- 23133849 Made available courtesy of The American Society for Ethnohistory and Duke University Press: http://ethnohistory.dukejournals.org/content/60/4/605.abstract ***Reprinted with permission. No further reproduction is authorized without written permission from Duke University Press. This version of the document is not the version of record. Figures and/or pictures may be missing from this format of the document. *** Abstract: This essay reinterprets the life of a famous Muscogee Creek leader and examines the relationship between chiefly power and foreign travel in American Indian studies and Atlantic world studies. In spring 1734, the Creek headman Tomochichi and British imperialist James Edward Oglethorpe traveled to London to ratify a treaty that established the British colony of Georgia in the neighborhood of the Creek Confederacy. During his five-month sojourn, Tomochichi forged alliances with the Georgia trustees and the British royal family that resulted in a unique trans- Atlantic network of patronage. Upon return home, he leveraged his ocean-going imperial connections to craft an authoritative chieftainship that dated to the seventeenth-century Mississippian era. Keywords: history | ethnohistory | muscogee creek | chieftains | native american studies | atlantic world studies | Tomochichi Article: At the turn of the twentieth century, anthropologist John Reed Swanton recorded the origins of the Hitchiti Creeks, who spoke the Hitchiti dialect of the Muscogean (mus-KO-gee-an) language family. -
Final Agenda OK Indigenous Languages Conference
United Nations International Year of Indigenous Languages Tribal Nations in Oklahoma Working to Preserve, Protect and Revitalize Our Languages November 15 & 16, 2019 Chickasaw Cultural Center, Sulphur, Oklahoma Agenda Coffee, tea, water and light snacks will be available throughout the Conference days 1st Day: Friday, November 15th 8:00 AM Registration and Continental Breakfast 8:30 AM Opening Prayer: Stanley Smith, Chickasaw Nation 8:45 – 9:15 AM Opening Words of Welcome and Introduction to the Conference ● Honorable Jefferson Keel, Lieutenant Governor of the Chickasaw Nation ● Rodney Factor, Assistant Band Chief, Seminole Nation, Board Member, International Indian Treaty Council ● Andrea Carmen, Yaqui Nation, Executive Director, International Indian Treaty Council 9:15 – 9:45 AM The United Nations Year of Indigenous Languages: Objectives, Outcomes and plans for an International Decade • Grand Chief Ed John, Hereditary Chief of Tl’azt’en Nation, Indigenous Co-Chair of UNESCO International Year of Indigenous Languages Steering Committee (via Skype) • Kristen Carpenter, Chair of the Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples 9:45 – 10:00 AM Questions, comments and discussion. All participants. 10:00 AM – 11:15 AM Panel 1: How did we get here? Impacts of Colonization, Historical Trauma and Current Threats to Indigenous Languages • Casey Camp, Councilwoman of the Ponca Tribe, Hereditary Drumkeeper, Ponca Scalp Dance Society, Elder and Matriarch • Rodney Factor, Assistant Band Chief Seminole Nation • Miryam Yataco, Quechua, Peru, Language Educator • Richard A. Grounds, Ph.D., Yuchi/Seminole, Yuchi Language Project • Moderator: Bineshi Albert, Yuchi/Annishinaabe, Movement Building Coordinator, Indigenous Environmental Network 11:15 – 11:45 AM Questions, comments and discussion. -
PETITION Ror,RECOGNITION of the FLORIDA TRIBE Or EASTERN CREEK INDIANS
'l PETITION rOR,RECOGNITION OF THE FLORIDA TRIBE or EASTERN CREEK INDIANS TH;: FLORIDA TRIBE OF EASTERN CREEK INDIANS and the Administra tive Council, THE NORTHWEST FLORIDA CREEK INDIAN COUNCIL brings this, thew petition to the DEPARTMENT Or THE INTERIOR OF THE FEDERAL GOVERN- MENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, and prays this honorable nation will honor their petition, which is a petition for recognition by this great nation that THE FLORIDA TRIBE OF EASTERN CREEK INDIANS is an Indian Tribe. In support of this plea for recognition THE FLORIDA TRIBE OF EASTERN CREEK INDIANS herewith avers: (1) THE FLORIDA TRIBE OF EASTERN CREEK INDIANS nor any of its members, is the subject of Congressional legislation which has expressly terminated or forbidden the Federal relationship sought. (2) The membership of THE FLORIDA TRIBE OF EASTERN CREEK INDIANS is composed principally of persons who are not members of any other North American Indian tribe. (3) A list of all known current members of THE FLORIDA TRIBE OF EASTERN CREEK INDIANS, based on the tribes acceptance of these members and the tribes own defined membership criteria is attached to this petition and made a part of it. SEE APPENDIX----- A The membership consists of individuals who are descendants of the CREEK NATION which existed in aboriginal times, using and occuping this present georgraphical location alone, and in conjunction with other people since that time. - l - MNF-PFD-V001-D0002 Page 1of4 (4) Attached herewith and made a part of this petition is the present governing Constitution of THE FLORIDA TRIBE OF EASTERN CREEKS INDIANS. -
Choctaw and Creek Removals
Chapter 6 Choctaw and Creek Removals The idea of indian removal as a government obligation first reared its head in 1802 when officials of the state of Georgia made an agreement with federal government officials. In the Georgia Compact, the state of Georgia gave up its claims to territorial lands west of that state in exchange for $1,250,000 and a promise that the federal government would abolish Indian title to Georgia lands as soon as possible. How seriously the government took its obligation to Georgia at the time of the agreement is unknown. The following year, however, the Louisiana Purchase was made, and almost immedi- ately, the trans-Mississippi area was seen by some as the answer to “The Indian Problem.” Not everyone agreed. Some congress- men argued that removal to the West was impractical because of land-hungry whites who could not be restrained from crossing the mighty river to obtain land. Although their conclusion was correct, it was probably made more in opposition to President Jefferson than from any real con- cern about the Indians or about practicality. Although some offers were made by government officials to officials of various tribes, little Pushmataha, Choctaw was done about removing the southeastern tribes before the War of 1812. warrior During that war several Indian tribes supported the British. After the war ended, many whites demanded that tribal lands be confiscated by Removals 67 the government as punishment for Indians’ treasonous activities. Many Americans included all tribes in their confiscationdemands , evidently feeling that all Indians were guilty, despite the fact that many tribes did not participate in the war. -
Tribal and House District Boundaries
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Tribal Boundaries and Oklahoma House Boundaries ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 22 ! 18 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 13 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 20 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 7 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Cimarron ! ! ! ! 14 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 11 ! ! Texas ! ! Harper ! ! 4 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! n ! ! Beaver ! ! ! ! Ottawa ! ! ! ! Kay 9 o ! Woods ! ! ! ! Grant t ! 61 ! ! ! ! ! Nowata ! ! ! ! ! 37 ! ! ! g ! ! ! ! 7 ! 2 ! ! ! ! Alfalfa ! n ! ! ! ! ! 10 ! ! 27 i ! ! ! ! ! Craig ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! h ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 26 s ! ! Osage 25 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! a ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 6 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Tribes ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 16 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! W ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 21 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 58 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 38 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Tribes by House District ! 11 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 1 Absentee Shawnee* ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Woodward ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 2 ! 36 ! Apache* ! ! ! 40 ! 17 ! ! ! 5 8 ! ! ! Rogers ! ! ! ! ! Garfield ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 1 40 ! ! ! ! ! 3 Noble ! ! ! Caddo* ! ! Major ! ! Delaware ! ! ! ! ! 4 ! ! ! ! ! Mayes ! ! Pawnee ! ! ! 19 ! ! 2 41 ! ! ! ! ! 9 ! 4 ! 74 ! ! ! Cherokee ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Ellis ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 41 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 72 ! ! ! ! ! 35 4 8 6 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 5 3 42 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 77 -
Challenge Bowl 2020
Notice: study guide will be updated after the December general election. Sponsored by the Muscogee (Creek) Nation Challenge Bowl 2020 High School Study Guide Sponsored by the Challenge Bowl 2020 Muscogee (Creek) Nation Table of Contents A Struggle To Survive ................................................................................................................................ 3-4 1. Muscogee History ......................................................................................................... 5-30 2. Muscogee Forced Removal ........................................................................................... 31-50 3. Muscogee Customs & Traditions .................................................................................. 51-62 4. Branches of Government .............................................................................................. 63-76 5. Muscogee Royalty ........................................................................................................ 77-79 6. Muscogee (Creek) Nation Seal ...................................................................................... 80-81 7. Belvin Hill Scholarship .................................................................................................. 82-83 8. Wilbur Chebon Gouge Honors Team ............................................................................. 84-85 9. Chronicles of Oklahoma ............................................................................................... 86-97 10. Legends & Stories ...................................................................................................... -
The Creek "Migration Legend"
UCLA UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Dancing Breath: Ceremonial Performance Practice, Environment, and Personhood in a Muskogee Creek Community Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2qm3x2bd Author Koons, Ryan Abel Publication Date 2016 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Dancing Breath: Ceremonial Performance Practice, Environment, and Personhood in a Muskogee Creek Community A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Ethnomusicology by Ryan Abel Koons 2016 © Copyright by Ryan Abel Koons 2016 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Dancing Breath: Ceremonial Performance Practice, Environment, and Personhood in a Muskogee Creek Community by Ryan Abel Koons Doctor of Philosophy in Ethnomusicology University of California, Los Angeles, 2016 Professor Tara Browner, Chair This dissertation presents an ethnography utilizing a multispecies perspective of the "busk" ritual cycle as performed by the southeastern Muskogee Creek American Indian community, Pvlvcekolv (Apalachicola). Humans construct humanity and personhood partially via interactions with other-than-human persons, such as animals, plants, and objects. I examine ritualized interactions between humans and others-than-human in a southeastern Indigenous "natureculture," exploring the intersections of ontology, personhood, and performance practice. Pvlvcekolv, an animistic Florida-based tribal town with a ceremonial Fire that pre-dates European Contact, maintains a centuries-old ritual tradition, the busk. Sometimes known as "Green Corn Ceremonialism," many Native communities share this tradition, including ii Cherokee, Chickasaw, Seminole, Yuchi, and other Creek peoples historically and in the present day. Performing the songs, dances, and ritual actions of the busk places participants into dialogue with other-than-human persons. -
Ethnology of the Yuchi Indians
ii: iff m Class. PKKSKNTKl) m UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA ANTHROPOLOGICAL PUBLICATIONS OF THE UNIVERSITY MUSEUM ^OL. I NO. 1 ETHNOLOGY OF THE YUCHI INDIANS BY FRANK G. SPECK DissertatJon presented to the Faculty of the University of Pennsylvania for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy i'ii.i_^ij...i:ruiA PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY MUSEUM w I UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA ANTHROPOLOGICAL PUBLICATIONS OF THE UNIVERSITY MUSEUM VOL. I. NO. 1. ETHNOLOGY OF THE YUCHI INDIANS BY FRANK G. SPECK GEORGE LEIB HARRISON FELLOW IN ANTHROPOLOGY PHILADELPHIA PUBLISHED BV THE UNIVERSITY MUSEUM 1909 Cll Gift The Uaiveraity 28 '0& CONTENTS. PAGE INTRODUCTION 5 THE YUCHI INDIANS 6 HISTORICAL SKETCH 7 POPULATION 9 ENVIRONMENT 11 Neighbors 11 Natural Environment 13 LANGUAGE 15 MATERIAL CULTURE 18 Agriculture 18 Hunting 19 Fishing 23 Pottery and Work in Clay 25 Basket Making 31 Other Occupations 34 Houses 37 Domestic Utensils 41 Food and its Preparation 42 Dress and Ornament 46 DECORATIVE ART AND SYMBOLISM 54 MUSIC 61 DIVISION OF TIME 67 SOCIAL AND POLITICAL ORGANIZATION 68 Kinship 68 The Clans 70 crimes and punishments 73 The Societies 74 (3) 4 CON'TKXTS. I'AGi: SOt'lAl. AND POLITICAL ORGANIZATION.—Continued. The Town and Town Square 78 Town Officials and Council 81 WARFARE 84 GAMES 86 CUSTOMS 91 Birth 91 Naming 93 rl\rriage 95 Initiation 96 Menstruation 96 Burial 97 Miscellaneous 99 HELIGION 102 Religious Beliefs and Folklore 102 Symbolism of the Town Square Ill Ceremonies 112 The Annual Town Ceremonies 116 NEW fire rite 120 scarification rite 121 the rite of the emetic 122 dancing 124 Treatment of Disease 132 shamanism 132 ceremonies 135 AMULETS 137 MYTHOLOGY 138 SUPPLEMENTARY MYTHS 143 ETHNOLOGY OF THE YUCHI INDIANS. -
South Carolina the Portal of Native American Genocide in Southeast………….Still Haunts…The Southeastern Coastal State
South Carolina the Portal of Native American Genocide in Southeast………….Still Haunts…the southeastern coastal state By Will Moreau Goins Ph.D. Charleston has been called "the most haunted city in North America". I would like to think that the Ghosts haunting Charleston are not only the many pirates, endentured servants, European colonists and enslaved Africans that historically passed through this port city, but I would like to believe that many of those spirits that linger in this monumental city and throughout this state are those of the many indigenous people that once called South Carolina their home. Maybe it would be nice to think of these Native spirits as still here, at the coastline, to welcome newcomers as they did hundreds of years ago and to remind residents that South Carolina is still Native American Indian sacred land. Or even just to tell their stories from their grave as they rattle their chains. Possibly they are here to tell their haunting story of the American Indian Holocaust that took place on this soil. I know that one of those Natives that are hauntingly reminding us of this, is that of the famed Seminole Chief, Osceola. Yes, Osceola’s decapitated body is interred here in South Carolina today. It was on December 1837 that Captain Pitcairn Morrison of the 4th U.S. Infantry transferred Osceola and 202 other Seminoles to Fort Moultrie in South Carolina, after his capture from their stance in the Florida everglades. The steamship Poinsett landed the Seminoles on Sullivan's Island on New Year's Day 1838. -
Challenge Bowl 2020
Sponsored by the Muscogee (Creek) Nation Challenge Bowl 2020 High School Study Guide Sponsored by the Challenge Bowl 2020 Muscogee (Creek) Nation Table of Contents A Struggle To Survive ................................................................................................................................ 3-4 1. Muscogee History ......................................................................................................... 5-30 2. Muscogee Forced Removal ........................................................................................... 31-50 3. Muscogee Customs & Traditions .................................................................................. 51-62 4. Branches of Government .............................................................................................. 63-76 5. Muscogee Royalty ........................................................................................................ 77-79 6. Muscogee (Creek) Nation Seal ...................................................................................... 80-81 7. Belvin Hill Scholarship .................................................................................................. 82-83 8. Wilbur Chebon Gouge Honors Team ............................................................................. 84-85 9. Chronicles of Oklahoma ............................................................................................... 86-97 10. Legends & Stories ...................................................................................................... -
Native American Languages, Indigenous Languages of the Native Peoples of North, Middle, and South America
Native American Languages, indigenous languages of the native peoples of North, Middle, and South America. The precise number of languages originally spoken cannot be known, since many disappeared before they were documented. In North America, around 300 distinct, mutually unintelligible languages were spoken when Europeans arrived. Of those, 187 survive today, but few will continue far into the 21st century, since children are no longer learning the vast majority of these. In Middle America (Mexico and Central America) about 300 languages have been identified, of which about 140 are still spoken. South American languages have been the least studied. Around 1500 languages are known to have been spoken, but only about 350 are still in use. These, too are disappearing rapidly. Classification A major task facing scholars of Native American languages is their classification into language families. (A language family consists of all languages that have evolved from a single ancestral language, as English, German, French, Russian, Greek, Armenian, Hindi, and others have all evolved from Proto-Indo-European.) Because of the vast number of languages spoken in the Americas, and the gaps in our information about many of them, the task of classifying these languages is a challenging one. In 1891, Major John Wesley Powell proposed that the languages of North America constituted 58 independent families, mainly on the basis of superficial vocabulary resemblances. At the same time Daniel Brinton posited 80 families for South America. These two schemes form the basis of subsequent classifications. In 1929 Edward Sapir tentatively proposed grouping these families into superstocks, 6 in North America and 15 in Middle America. -
THE WAR of 1812 in CLAY COUNTY, ALABAMA by Don C. East
THE WAR OF 1812 IN CLAY COUNTY, ALABAMA By Don C. East BACKGROUND The War of 1812 is often referred to as the “Forgotten War.” This conflict was overshadowed by the grand scale of the American Revolutionary War before it and the American Civil War afterwards. We Americans fought two wars with England: the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. Put simply, the first of these was a war for our political freedom, while the second was a war for our economic freedom. However, it was a bit more complex than that. In 1812, the British were still smarting from the defeat of their forces and the loss of their colonies to the upstart Americans. Beyond that, the major causes of the war of 1812 were the illegal impressments of our ships’ crewmen on the high seas by the British Navy, Great Britain’s interference with our trade and other trade issues, and the British incitement of the Native Americans to hostilities against the Americans along the western and southeast American frontiers. Another, often overlooked cause of this war was it provided America a timely excuse to eliminate American Indian tribes on their frontiers so that further westward expansion could occur. This was especially true in the case of the Creek Nation in Alabama so that expansion of the American colonies/states could move westward into the Mississippi Territories in the wake of the elimination of the French influence there with the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, and the Spanish influence, with the Pinckney Treaty of 1796. Now the British and the Creek Nation were the only ones standing in the way of America’s destiny of moving the country westward into the Mississippi Territories.