Ottoman Merchants in the Adriatic. Trade and Smuggling
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Perceptionsjournal of International Affairs
PERCEPTIONSJOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS PERCEPTIONS Summer-Autumn 2015 Volume XX Number 2-3 XX Number 2015 Volume Summer-Autumn PERCEPTIONS The Great War and the Ottoman Empire: Origins Ayşegül SEVER and Nuray BOZBORA Redefining the First World War within the Context of Clausewitz’s “Absolute War” Dystopia Burak GÜLBOY Unionist Failure to Stay out of the War in October-November 1914 Feroz AHMAD Austro-Ottoman Relations and the Origins of World War One, 1912-14: A Reinterpretation Gül TOKAY Ottoman Military Reforms on the eve of World War I Odile MOREAU The First World War in Contemporary Russian Histography - New Areas of Research Iskander GILYAZOV Summer-Autumn 2015 Volume XX - Number 2-3 ISSN 1300-8641 PERCEPTIONS Editor in Chief Ali Resul Usul Deputy Editor Birgül Demirtaş Managing Editor Engin Karaca Book Review Editor İbrahim Kaya English Language and Copy Editor Julie Ann Matthews Aydınlı International Advisory Board Bülent Aras Mustafa Kibaroğlu Gülnur Aybet Talha Köse Ersel Aydınlı Mesut Özcan Florian Bieber Thomas Risse Pınar Bilgin Lee Hee Soo David Chandler Oktay Tanrısever Burhanettin Duran Jang Ji Hyang Maria Todorova Ahmet İçduygu Ole Wæver Ekrem Karakoç Jaap de Wilde Şaban Kardaş Richard Whitman Fuat Keyman Nuri Yurdusev Homepage: http://www.sam.gov.tr The Center for Strategic Research (Stratejik Araştırmalar Merkezi- SAM) conducts research on Turkish foreign policy, regional studies and international relations, and makes scholarly and scientific assessments of relevant issues. It is a consultative body of the Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs providing strategic insights, independent data and analysis to decision makers in government. As a nonprofit organization, SAM is chartered by law and has been active since May 1995. -
ALBANIAN SOLDIERS in the OTTOMAN ARMY DURING the GREEK REVOLT at 1821 Ali Fuat ÖRENÇ
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Epoka University IBAC 2012 vol.2 ALBANIAN SOLDIERS IN THE OTTOMAN ARMY DURING THE GREEK REVOLT AT 1821 ∗∗ Ali Fuat ÖRENÇ Introduction Ottoman Army organization had started to deteriorate from the mid-17th century. Military failures made the social and economic problems worse. In this situation, alternative potentials in the empire appeared because of the increasing military needs of the central government and the provincial governors. By the way, general employment of the Albanian warriors who were famous with their courage and strength became possible.1 There were a lot of reasons for employing Albanian warriors with salary while there was Ottoman regular army corps, including janissaries and soldiers from the states. Governing problems, had existed in the states and land system after the defeat in Vienne at 1683, was one of these reasons. Also after the end of the conquering era, the castles and fortresses at the borderlines were built for defense and there were not a necessary number of soldiers in these buildings. This problem was tried to by employing the warriors with long- matchlock-guns from Bosnia, Herzegovina and Albania.2 During the time, the necessity of mercenary increased too much as seen in the example of the Ottoman army which established for pressing the Greek Revolt in 1821, was almost composed of the Albanian soldiers.3 There were historical reasons for choosing Albanian soldiers in the Balkans. A strong feudal-system had existed in the Albanian lands before the Ottoman rule. This social structure, which consisted of the local connections and obedience around the lords, continued by integrating, first, timar (fief) system after the Ottoman conquest in 1385 and then, devshirme system. -
PİRİ REİS and HIS PRECIOUS WORKS (World Maps and the Book of Navigation) Ibrahim YILMAZ TURKEY [email protected]
5/29/2012 PİRİ REİS and HIS PRECIOUS WORKS (World Maps and The Book of Navigation) Ibrahim YILMAZ TURKEY [email protected] 1 TS02K-Surveying History LIFE Piri Reis was a famous Turkish cartographer, shipmaster, navigator and an researcher who was born in Gallipoli in 1465 and educated there. He started working as a sailor at an early age under his uncle Kemal Reis’ tutelage, a famous commander of the Ottoman navy, in the 16th century. 2 TS02K-Surveying History 1 5/29/2012 After the death of Kemal Reis in 1510, Piri Reis returned to Gallipoli and dedicated much of his time on his world map and his book, Kitab-ı Bahriye (Book of Navigation). In 1517, Piri Reis participated in the Ottoman’s campaign to Egypt as one of the Ottoman navy admirals and presented his world map dated 1513 to Sultan Selim the Conqueror. In his last mission, Piri Reis commanded an expedition against the Portuguese at Hormuz that failed in its goal of taking the citadel and executed in 1554 on the grounds of a debatable decision he had made as a commander to avoid direct confrontation with Portuguese navy. 3 TS02K-Surveying History WORKS First World Map of Piri Reis (1513) Second World Map of Piri Reis (1528) Kitab-ı Bahriye (1521-1526) 4 TS02K-Surveying History 2 5/29/2012 1513 – FIRST WORLD MAP of PİRİ REİS NORTH EUROPE AMERICA AFRICA SOUTH ATLANTIC AMERICA OCEAN Library of Topkapı Palace Museum 5 TS02K-Surveying History 61 cm 9 Colours gazelle skin 5 Compass roses 2 Scale bars 20 Unknown 8 Muslims 1 Christopher Columbus 86 cm 1 Arabic scale bar 4Portugal 34 REFERENCE MAPS compass rose 41 cm 6 TS02K-Surveying History 3 5/29/2012 7 TS02K-Surveying History 8 TS02K-Surveying History 4 5/29/2012 This country is inhabited. -
PATOSI Traditë - Kulturë Qershor 2019
PATOSI Traditë - Kulturë qershor 2019 Traditë dhe Kulturë 1 Përmbajtja -PATOSI Monumentet e Kultit Informacion i përgjithshëm Manastiri i Shën Trifonit dhe Kultura të ndryshme, një qytet Kishat e Sheqishtes Greva e Naftëtarëve -RUZHDIE të Patosit 7 - 11 Mars 1927 Informacion i përgjithshëm Nafta Zharrëz Rezervuari i Ruzhdies Nafta Ruzhdie Monumentet e Kultit Ulliri Mekami i Drenies Flora dhe Fauna Varri i Baba Mustafait (të gjatit) Monumentet e Kulturës Monumentet e Natyrës Kalaja e Margëlliçit Ujvarat në kanionin e Siqecës Margëlliçi, dëshmitar i terrakotës së Rrapi i Zhugrit Afërditës -TRADITA MYZEQARE Tuma e Patosit Dasma Myzeqare Ura e Ofiçinës Bujqësia dhe Blegtoria Monumentet e Kultit Oda Myzeqare Kisha e “Shën Mëhillit” dhe Kishat e -TRADITA MALLAKASTRIOTE tjera të Sheqishtes Bujqësia dhe Blegtoria Monumentet e Natyrës Oda Mallakastriote Rrepet e Peshkëpijave -VESHJET KARAKTERISTIKE Punimet artizanale POPULLORE Disa nga objektet e hershme Veshjet Myzeqare kulturore Veshjet Mallakastriote -ZHARRËZA Veshjet Vllehe Informacion i përgjithshëm Veshjet Çame Vllehët në Myzeqe FESTIVALI “STREET ART” Rezervuari i Zharrzës Monumentet e Kulturës Novosela 2 Traditë dhe Kulturë “Patosi, Traditë - Kulturë”, është një botim i cili vjen në kuadër të Trashëgimisë Kulturore. Revista prezanton qytetin në aspektin e etnokulturor dhe historik, në funksion të komunitetit vendas dhe gjithë atyre që dëshirojnë ta vizitojnë atë nga afër. Patosi është zhvilluar si një qëndër e re banimi dhe shërbimi social për naftëtarët dhe familjet e tyre, të cilët e populluan qytetin dhe krijuan shtresime të larmishme social- kulturore të pasura me traditën dhe psikologjinë e zonave nga vinin. Lindja e qyteteve që vihet re në shekujt IV - III krijoi kushtet për zhvillimin e një prodhimtarie zejtare shumëdegëshe, e cila çoi në zgjerimin e veprimtarisë së tyre tregëtare si dhe rritjen e gjithanshme të ekonomisë monetare1. -
Hampton by Hilton Franchise Disclosure Document Brazil
HAMPTON BY HILTON FRANCHISE DISCLOSURE DOCUMENT BRAZIL HILTON WORLDWIDE MANAGE LIMITED a Limited Company Formed Under the Laws of England and Wales Maple Court, Central Park, Reeds Crescent Watford, Hertfordshire, WD24 4QQ UK +44 207 856 8000 Dated: July 31, 2019 {018316-999987 00275528.DOCX; 1} 2019 Brazil Hampton TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I THE FRANCHISOR AND ITS RELATED COMPANIES .......................................... 1 PART II FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ..................................................................................... 2 PART III LITIGATION ............................................................................................................ 2 PART IV THE LICENSE ......................................................................................................... 2 PART V THE IDEAL FRANCHISEE ...................................................................................... 3 PART VI OBLIGATION TO PARTICIPATE IN THE ACTUAL OPERATION OF THE FRANCHISE BUSINESS ......................................................................................... 3 PART VII INITIAL FEES AND ESTIMATED INITIAL INVESTMENT ........................................ 4 PART VIII PERIODIC AND OTHER FEES ..............................................................................11 PART IX FRANCHISEE INFORMATION ...............................................................................25 PART X TERRITORY ...........................................................................................................25 PART XI RESTRICTIONS -
A History of Ottoman Military Flags Formally Independent Ottoman State, Ruled by a Sultan
•SSVS99 Proc. XVII International Congress of Vexillology A history of Ottoman military Hags 2G1 Copyright ©1999, Southern African Vexillological Assn. Peter Martinez (ed.) White Flag was given to the Kayi Turks by a Seljuk sultan as a symbol of the feudal relation between them. Simultaneously, some territory where they could pasture their livestock was granted to them. This is how the sanjak (something like a princedom) of the Kayi tribe was established. Later, it was named after its founder, Osman. This sanjak gained its independence in 1299 and become a A history of Ottoman military flags formally independent Ottoman state, ruled by a Sultan. Similar to the Christian tradition in Europe, the flag was considered among Turks as the symbol of a feudal relation. In the Turkish language the word sancak (sanjak) means both a banner and a piece of land invested with a fief to a Jaroslav Martykan vassal tenant. The White Flag continued in use as the only symbol representing the Empire until the reign of Sultan Selim I, “The Cruel” (1512 1520). In the first years of its existence the White Fl^ was used as a symbol of Osman’s vassal ABSTRACT: This article describes the development of Turkish subordination to the Seljuk Sultan, but later its symbolism changed slightly. military flags from the first Janissary gonfalon to the regimental Although the Ottoman ruler gained the title of Sultan, he remained subordinate colours of the Turkish Republic. Drawing on original Ottoman flag to the Caliph of Cairo. Moreover, the Caliph of Cairo also gave the same vassal charts and other documents, the banners of the Sultan, military symbol to the Seljuks. -
The Collection, Exhibition, and Practice of Weltliteratur
All That Is the Case: The Collection, Exhibition, and Practice of Weltliteratur A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Andrew Nance Patten IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Professor Rembert Hueser, Advisor January 2015 Andrew Nance Patten© Acknowledgments This dissertation would not have been possible without the generous support of a number of institutions, fellowship donors, and the lasting encouragement of dedicated family, friends, colleagues, and advisors. To properly express my gratitude for the support I have received would be to exceed the space allotted for acknowledgments. I would like to convey my most sincere appreciation to the following individuals and institutions for their assistance throughout my studies: The Department of German, Scandinavian and Dutch for numerous fellowships and the continued expression of confidence in my research projects and academic development; Hella Mears for the generous Mears Fellowship and the continued commitment to German Studies at the University of Minnesota; Gerhard Weiss for the Gerhard Weiss Summer Fellowship; Die Freie Universität Berlin for the supportive exchange opportunity; and finally the University of Minnesota for the Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship and the absolutely integral progress it afforded me during this year-long award. In the course of my studies, these institutions and private contributors have been essential to my progress. I am very pleased to express my gratitude for their generosity with this dissertation. The personal contributions of my advisors and mentors have been and remain to be central to my research and development as a scholar. Thank you to Rembert Hueser for the many hours of critical input, advice, feedback, and good company throughout the years. -
Albania External Relations Briefing: Second CIIE and Albania’S Position Marsela Musabelliu
ISSN: 2560-1601 Vol. 23, No. 4 (Al) Nov 2019 Albania external relations briefing: Second CIIE and Albania’s position Marsela Musabelliu 1052 Budapest Petőfi Sándor utca 11. +36 1 5858 690 Kiadó: Kína-KKE Intézet Nonprofit Kft. [email protected] Szerkesztésért felelős személy: Chen Xin Kiadásért felelős személy: Huang Ping china-cee.eu 2017/01 Second CIIE and Albania’s position Introduction Albanian business circles are very diligent when selecting and attending exhibitions and trade fairs. Being a country that imports much more than exports, the main target of the country’s entrepreneurs has been export exhibitions all around the world, however, this trend is has started to shift since some Albanian businesses started to flourish in local production. This trend developed mainly at the start of the new millennium when after a decade of open economy, Albanians realized that there were opportunities of local production in a multitude of areas and the most resilient of them started capitalizing on the Albania’s most important comparative advantages: low labor cost and untapped natural resources. The initial Albanian exports were targeting neighboring countries of the Balkans, Turkey, Italy and Germany, in short, countries with which Albanian enterprises were familiar with. Later on, Albanian-made products could be found in North and South America, Russia, Scandinavian countries and so on. For years People’s Republic of China has been perceived from Albanian enterprises exclusively as a market to import from, in fact Chinese commodities have an overwhelming presence in the country’s households, industrial settings, apparel stores and many more. -
Mythology and Destiny Albert Doja
Mythology and Destiny Albert Doja To cite this version: Albert Doja. Mythology and Destiny. Anthropos -Freiburg-, Richarz Publikations-service GMBH, 2005, 100 (2), pp.449-462. 10.5771/0257-9774-2005-2-449. halshs-00425170 HAL Id: halshs-00425170 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00425170 Submitted on 1 May 2012 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. H anthropos 100.2005:449-462 1^2 Mythologyand Destiny AlbertDoja Abstract.- In Albaniantradition, the essential attributes of larlyassociated with the person's spirit, with their the mythologicalfigures of destinyseem to be symbolic lifeand death,their health, their future character, interchangeablerepresentations of birth itself. Their mythical theirsuccesses and setbacks. the combatis butthe symbolic representation of the cyclic return Theysymbolize in thewatery and chthonianworld of death,leading, like the person'sproperties, are thespiritual condensation vegetation,tothe cosmic revival of a newbirth. Both protective of theirqualities. They have suchclose mystical anddestructive positions of theattributes of birth,symbolized tieswith the person that merely the way they are by the amnioticmembranes, the caul, and othersingular dealtwith or theaim are ascribeddetermines ofmaternal they markers,or by the means of the symbolism water, theindividual's own and fate. -
National Human Development Report Albania 2000
ALBANIAN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2000 Group of Experts Dr Ylli Çabiri, Chairperson Dr Arjan Starova, Milva Ekonomi, Piro Misha, Remzi Lani, Dr Vasillaq Leno, Prof Dr Ylli Vejsiu in collaboration with the following institutions from civil society: Human Development Promotion Center (HDPC) Institute of Contemporary Studies (ICS) Center for Sociological, Political and Communication Studies (CSPCS) Center for Economic and Social Studies (CESS) Albanian Institute for International Studies (AIIS) Urban Research Institute (URI) Albanian Demography Association (ADA) and Alfred Peza, Andi Gjonej, Andrea Stefani, Arjana Misha, Prof Dr Arqile Bërxholi, Prof Dr Artan Fuga, Artan Hoxha, Besnik Mustafaj, Blendi Fevziu, As Prof Dr Bukurie Dumani, Eduart Prodani, Ela Banaj, Prof Dr Ermelinda Meksi, Fatos Lubonja, Prof Dr Genc Ruli, Godiva Rëmbeci, Ilda Bozdo, Jeffrey A Brez, Dr Lekë Sokoli, Dr Lindita Xhillari, Prof Dr Kastriot Islami, Dr Makbule Çeço, Prof Dr Maksim Cikuli, Margarita Caci, Prof Dr Marta Muço, Dr Milika Dhamo, As Prof Dr Pëllumb Xhufi, Remzi Qerimi, Skënder Shkupi, Shkëlzen Maliqi, As Prof Dr Telemak Xhaxho, Prof Dr Vladimir Misja, Prof Dr Ylli Pango, Dr Zyhdi Dervishi, statistical tables and figures prepared by: Vojsava Progri, Institute of Statistics an enormous support to the preparation of this report was provided by UNDP country representatives: Jan Wahlberg, Dr Parviz Fartash project coordination and management by Vladimir Malkaj, David Garrigos, Albi Greva UNDP Tirana in collaboration with the Institute of Statistics cover art: -
The Role of Money in Wartime
1 THE ROLE OF MONEY IN WARTIME Second Conference of the Museum of the Bank of Albania Tirana, 20 September 2018 II Conference of the Museum of the Bank of Albania - THE ROLE OF MONEY IN WARTIME 2 Published by: © Bank of Albania Address: Sheshi “Skënderbej”, Nr.1, Tirana, Albania Tel.: + 355 4 2419301/2/3; + 355 4 2419401/2/3 Fax: + 355 4 2419408 E-mail: [email protected] Printed in: 300 copies ISBN 978-9928-262-28-8 Data from this publication may be used, provided the source is acknowledged. The views expressed in the presentations to BoA’s conference on “The role of money in wartime” are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Bank of Albania. THE ROLE OF MONEY IN WARTIME - II Conference of the Museum of the Bank of Albania 3 CONTENTS WELCOME ADDRESS 5 Gent Sejko, Governor of the Bank of Albania OPENING REMARKS 9 Elisabeta Gjoni, First Deputy Governor of the Bank of Albania MINTING OF ILLYRIAN COINS IN WARTIME 13 Special guest: Prof. Olivier Picard, Former Director of the French Archaeological school at Athens, Professor at the Sorbonne University, Member of the Academie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres (Institute of France) SESSION I: ANTIQUITY Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Shpresa Gjongecaj, Institute of Archaeology, Academy of Albanological Studies COINAGE AND WAR IN THE TERRITORY OF SOUTH ILLYRIA (IV-I CENTURY BC) 25 Dr. Albana Meta, Institute of Archaeology, Academy of Albanological Studies COINAGE IN ANCIENT WARRIOR EXCHANGE SYSTEMS BETWEEN GREEKS AND NON-GREEKS 39 Dr. Aliénor Rufin Solas, Sorbonne Université, Paris SESSION II: MIDDLE AGES AND POST-MIDDLE AGES Session Chair: Prof. -
Changeling::: the Lost
Author: Chris Handley Editing: Sam Kapral, Bryce Perry, Katherine (www.thereadingpanda.com) Cover Art: Malacar Thanks to: Mike, Stephen, Adrian, Mark, James, and to my rpg group Steve, Heather, Chris, and Emily. The World of Darkness, Changeling: the Lost, Vampire: the Requiem, Werewolf: the Forsaken, Mage: the Awakening and White Wolf are all trademarks of CCP North America. This book is a fan-written project that makes no claim to the intellectual property of the trademarks above. All work within this ebook are the work and views of the writer, inspired by the trademarks above, and in no way should be thought of as accurate, credible or real. All art used in this work are either my own or are used under the creative commons license. The supernatural elements of this book are fictional and intended for the purpose of entertainment. Within the book are mature themes. Reader discretion is advised. Broken Masks, Splintered Dreams Venice - La Serenissima - a city of lust, greed, mystery, magic and dreams. It is the fairy city of man sat upon ever rising waters. Venice sits at the gateway of the classical and medieval worlds, an ancient nexus now nothing more than a city-sized, water-logged, museum of the Renaissance. Venice may no longer be a centre of the mortal world, but it has remained the centre of the world for those that live within its shadows. Venice has a dynamic, colorful, and sordid history since the fall of the Roman Empire, and has always been influenced by those other beings that take an interest in human affairs.