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(Indonesian Journal of Ichthyology) Volume Nomor 20 3 Oktober 2020 p ISSN 1693-0339 e ISSN 2579-8634 (Indonesian Journal of Ichthyology) Volume 20 Nomor 3 Oktober 2020 Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia p ISSN 1693-0339 e ISSN 2579-8634 Terakreditasi berdasarkan Keputusan Direktur Jenderal Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan, Kementerian Riset, Teknologi, dan Pendidikan Tinggi No. 10/E/KPT/2019 tentang Peringkat Akreditasi Jurnal Ilmiah Periode II Tahun 2019 tertanggal 4 April 2019 Peringkat 2, berlaku lima tahun mulai dari Volume 19, Nomor 1, tahun 2019 Volume 20 Nomor 3 Oktober 2020 Dewan Penyunting Ketua : M. Fadjar Rahardjo Anggota : Agus Nuryanto Achmad Zahid Angela Mariana Lusiastuti Charles P.H. Simanjuntak Djumanto Endi Setiadi Kartamihardja Haryono Kadarusman Lenny S. Syafei Lies Emmawati Hadie Sharifuddin bin Andy Omar Teguh Peristiwady Alamat Dewan Penyunting: Gd. Widyasatwaloka, Bidang Zoologi, Pusat Penelitian Biologi-LIPI Jln. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Cibinong 16911 Laman: jurnal-iktiologi.org Laman: www.iktiologi-indonesia.org Surel: [email protected] Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia (JII) adalah jurnal ilmiah yang diterbitkan oleh Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (MII) tiga kali setahun pada bulan Februari, Juni, dan Oktober. JII menyajikan artikel lengkap hasil penelitian yang berkenaan dengan segala aspek kehidupan ikan (Pisces) di perairan tawar, payau, dan laut. Aspek yang dicakup antara lain biologi, fisiologi, taksonomi dan sistematika, genetika, dan ekologi, serta terapannya dalam bidang penangkapan, akuakultur, pengelolaan perikanan, dan konservasi. Ikan pirik, Lagusia micracanthus Bleeker, 1860 (Foto: Muhammad Nur) Percetakan: CV. Rajawali Corporation Prakata Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia edisi akhir bobot dan faktor kondisi ikan pirik di daerah tahun 2020 berisikan 8 artikel. Artikel pertama aliran sungai Maros, Sulawesi Selatan. menguraikan tentang pengaruh madu terhadap Tiga artikel terkait dengan ikan budi daya kualitas sperma ikan botia yang ditulis oleh dipublikasikan pada edisi ini. Eliyani et al. Abunawanto et al. Selanjutnya Zulfahmi et al. mengupas tentang pertumbuhan dan sintasan menggambarkan komparasi tulang belakang Tor yuwana ikan patin yang dipelihara pada ber- tambroides dan Tor tambra. bagai sistem resirkulasi. Nugraha et al. mengu- Tiga artikel yang berkaitan dengan aspek tarakan kinerja sistem pencernaan dan pertum- biologi ikan di perairan alami dikemukakan. buhan larva ikan lele yang dipelihara pada sis- Pertama, Jusmaldi et al. menguraikan tentang tem bioflok dengan penambahan Chlorella sp. aspek biologi reproduksi ikan nilem; kedua, Kualitas warna ikan Sumatra pada paparan Maulidyasari dan Djumanto tentang hubungan spektrum cahaya yang berbeda ditulis oleh panjang bobot ikan nilem di Rawa Pening; dan Wijianto et al. ketiga, Nur et al. tentang hubungan panjang Penyunting Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia 20(3): 205-216 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.32491/jii.v20i3.528 Pengaruh larutan madu sebagai krioprotektan alami terhadap kualitas sperma ikan botia (Chromobotia macracanthus Bleeker 1852) [The honey solution effect as a natural cryoprotectant on sperm quality of botia, Chromobotia macracanthus Bleeker 1852] Abinawanto Abinawanto1,*, Siti Z Musthofa2, Retno Lestari1, Anom Bowolaksono1 1 Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Depok, Depok 16424 2 Balai Riset Budidaya Ikan Hias, Depok, [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Diterima: 28 Mei 2020; Disetujui: 01 September 2020 Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kombinasi terbaik antara krioprotektan alami (larutan madu) dan krioprotektan sintetik (metanol) terhadap kualitas spermatozoa Chromobotia macracanthus Bleeker 1852, pasca penyimpanan pada suhu -80 ℃ selama 48 jam. Kombinasi metanol 10% dengan berbagai konsentrasi larutan madu (0%, 0,1%, 0,3%, 0,5%, 0,7% dan 0,9%) diuji dalam penelitian ini. Larutan Ringer digunakan sebagai ekstender. Sperma yang telah diencerkan, kemudian diekuiliberasi selama 25 menit pada suhu 4 ℃, kemudian disimpan beku pada suhu -80 ℃ selama 48 jam. Sperma kemudian dicairkan pada suhu 40 ℃ selama 13 detik. Viabilitas, motilitas dan persentase fertilisasi dievaluasi. Hasil uji analisis sidik ragam menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi metanol 10% dengan beberapa konsentrasi larutan madu berpengaruh secara signifikan (P<0,05) terhadap viabilitas spermatozoa dan persentase fertilisasi, tapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap motilitas spermatozoa (P>0,05). Kombinasi larutan madu 0,1% dan metanol 10% menunjukkan persentase tertinggi baik motilitas (89,4 ± 5,45%), viabilitas (85,75 ± 4,79%), maupun persentase fertilisasi (98,55 ± 1,69%). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah bahwa larutan madu 0,1% yang dikombinasikan dengan metanol 10% dalam larutan Ringer merupakan krioprotektan terbaik bagi spermatozoa C. macracanthus yang disimpan pada suhu -80 ℃ selama 48 jam. Kata penting: ikan botia, larutan Ringer, madu, metanol, preservasi spermatozoa. Abstract The purpose of study was to obtain the best combination of natural cryoprotectant (honey solution) and synthetic cryoprotectant (methanol) on the quality of spermatozoa Chromobotia macracanthus Bleeker 1852, after freezing at - 80 ℃ for 48 hours. The combination of 10% methanol with various concentrations of honey solution (0%, 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7% and 0.9%) was tested in this study. Ringer's solution was used as an extender. The diluted sperm was then equilibrated for 25 minutes at 4 ℃, then frozen at -80 ℃ for 48 hours. The s perm was then thawed at 40 ℃ for 13 seconds. Viability, motility and percentage of fertilization were evaluated. The results of the analysis of variance showed that the combination of 10% methanol with several concentrations of honey solution had a significant effect (P <0.05) on the viability of spermatozoa and the percentage of fertilization, but had no effect on sperm motility (P> 0.05). The combination of 0.1% honey solution and 10% methanol showed the highest percentage of both motility (89.4 ± 5.45%), viability (85.75 ± 4.79%), and the percentage of fertilization (98.55 ± 1.69%). %). The conclusion of this study is that 0.1% honey solution combined with 10% methanol in Ringer's solution is the best cryoprotectant for C. macracanthus spermatozoa stored at -80 ℃ for 48 hours Key words: botia fish, honey, methanol, preservation of spermatozoa, Ringer's solution Pendahuluan 2300 spesimen di sungai Musi pada tahun 2006, Botia Chromobotia macrachanthus Bleeker dan ekspor juvenile C. macrachanthus sekitar 50 1852 adalah salah satu ikan hias air tawar yang juta pada tahun 2009 (Ng & Tan 1997; Legendre populer yang berasal dari Sumatera dan et al. 2012; Hossain Md et al. 2015; Hossen Md Kalimantan (Kottelat et al. 1996). Ikan botia di et al. 2016; Hossain Md et al. 2017). Penurunan alam telah mengalami penurunan populasinya populasi ikan botia juga disebabkan oleh karena penangkapan yang berlebihan sekitar penebangan pohon di hutan secara ilegal (IBSAP Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia Pengaruh larutan madu sebagai krioprotektan alami terhadap kualitas 2003; Onrizal et al. 2005; Tlusty et al. 2008, bagrid Hemibagrus nemurus (Muchlisin et al. Lakra et al. 2010; Raghavan, et al. 2013; Gupta 2004; Muchlisin et al.2009), lele Africa Clarias et al. 2015; Hossain Md et al. 2015; Afros et al. gariepinus (Viveiros et al. 2000; Muchlisin et al. 2016; Hossen Md et al. 2016, Islam Md et al. 2005; Muchlisin et al. 2010; Omitogun et al. 2017). Studi tentang bioekologi ikan botia telah 2010; Muchlisin et al. 2015; Olanrewaju et al. dilakukan oleh beberapa peneliti (Tan & Kottelat 2015), gurami Osphronemus goramy (Abina- 2009; Legendre et al. 2012; Kottelat 2013; Dey wanto et al. 2012a; Abinawanto et al. 2017a), & Barat 2015; Dey et al. 2015; Gupta 2016; tawes (Barbonymus gonionotus) (Abinawanto et Hossain Md et al. 2017), demikian pula dengan al. 2013; Abinawanto et al. 2016), spermatozoa keberhasilan teknologi budidaya juga telah dila- Salmonidae (Harvey & Ashwood-Smith, 1982; porkan (Tan & Kottelat 2009; Legendre et al. Negus 2008; Figueroa et al. 2018; Lahnsteiner et 2012; Kottelat 2013; Dey & Barat 2015; Dey et al. 2002; Figueroa et al. 2016), ikan mas al. 2015; Gupta 2016; Hossain Md et al. 2017). Cyprinus carpio (Horvath et al. 2003; Withler Oleh karena itu produksi ikan botia untuk 1982; Bernáth et al. 2016; Horvath et al. 2007; memenuhi permintaan pasar tidak lagi Boryshpolets et al. 2017; Magyary et al. 1996), mengandalkan pada alam (dari habitat alaminya) zebra fish Danio rerio (Harvey et al. 1982; namun berdasarkan produksi akuakultur (Tan & Carmichael et al. 2009; Matthews et al. 2018; Kottelat 2009; Legendre et al. 2012; Kottelat Rebocho 2018), ikan nila (Oreochromis mossam- 2013; Dey & Barat 2015; Dey et al. 2015; Gupta bicus) (Harvey 1983; Ugwu et al. 2018), rainbow 2016). Namun demikian produksi benih ikan trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Stoss & Donaldson botia masih menghadapi beberapa kendala 1983; Kutluyer et al. 2014; Robles et al. 2003; terutama penyediaan induk yang berkualitas. Hal Bozkurt et al.2005; Tekin et al. 2003; Ciereszko ini disebabkan pematangan gonad yang lama (8- et al. 2014), dan ikan seurukan Osteochillus 10 bulan) serta tidak sinkronnya pematangan vittatus (Muthmainnah et al. 2018). Namun gonad antara induk jantan dan betina (Satyani demikian, studi tentang kriopreservasi sperma dkk. 2006; Legendre et al. 2012; Permana et al. ikan botia belum pernah dilaporkan. 2015; Musthofa et al. 2018; Putra et al. 2019). Krioprotektan merupakan salah satu faktor Oleh karena itu salah satu solusi
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