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Churches and NGO's in Partnership with Government

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Churches and NGO's in Partnership with Government Churches and NGO’s in partnership with government against corruption: a Pastoral study in the South African context NR Makungo 12024260 Thesis submitted for the degree Philosophiae Doctor in Pastoral studies at the Potchefstroom Campus of the North-West University Promoter: Prof dr RS Letšosa May 2017 i Declaration I hereby declare that: Churches and NGOs in partnership with government against corruption: A pastoral within the South African context is my own work, that all the sources used and quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references, and that this thesis has not been previously submitted by me for a degree at any other university Ntshengedzeni Robert Makungo i Dedication I dedicate this thesis to my lovely wife Konanani Elsie Makungo, who was the engine behind the completion of this work, and our children Ovhonala, Vhugalahawe and Mufhatutshedzi. I also dedicate this thesis to my parents (Wilson and Masindi Makungo), who were very supportive and providing me with words of encouragement during my studies. I dedicate it to my siblings, Tshililo, Zwidofhelangani, Philip and Elekanyani Makungo, for their overwhelming support during my studies. I also dedicate this work to Reformed Church Trans-Letaba and the church council for allowing me to complete this thesis. I dedicate it again to the North-West University for giving me another chance to complete my studies. I again want to dedicate it to the following families in general, Makungo, Mamida, Netswinga, Phume, Malivha, Mudau, and all relatives and friends. Lastly, I want to dedicate it to the Letšosa and the Hobyane families for their support and encouragement. Acknowledgements ● Soli Deo Gloria – I thank the Almighty God for allowing me through His Grace to complete this work. I thank Him for all the strength, wisdom, patience and good health that He granted me until the completion of this work. I praise and honour Him, to Him be the glory, forever and ever, Amen. ● I want to thank my promoter Prof RS Letšosa for the guidance during the whole process and his family for the support and prayers. ● I thank the North-West University, the NRF and the TSP for their financial assistance and guidance during my studies. If it was not because of their financial assistance, this work was going to be a dream that never came true. ● I always praise God for the special family that He gave me: my lovely wife Konanani Elsie and my lovely son and daughters Ovhonala, Vhugalahawe and Mufhatutshedzi. My family was always behind me with their prayers and support and words of encouragement. ● I thank God who let the following people be part of my life during my previous studies; I thank God for my late two grandmothers (Nyavheani Ndanganeni Makungo and Nyavheani Phophi Netswinga), my parents Wilson Nkhumeleni and Mbalo Netswinga, ii my sisters Tshililo, Zwidofhelangani, Konanani and my two brothers Philip and Elekanyani. Thanks to the extended family too, you are very special. ● I praise God for a good company of friends and reverends in our churches: Prof Hobyane RS and Mrs R Hobyane and their children, Prof Baloyi ME and family, Prof Mashau TD and family, Rev Muhadi, Rev Ligege, Rev Ndou LP, Rev Baloyi LP and family, Rev Masase TP and family, Rev and Mrs Nemahotole and family, Mr Eric Mabasa and family, and all my classmates, including all the reverends in the Limpopo Classis and the General Synod of Reformed Churches in South Africa. ● Special thanks to my friend Risimati and family (Promosa Reformed Church) for accommodation during my studies, I never had a headache when I came to Potchefstroom concerning accommodation, and you were always welcoming me in your hearts and in your home. May God bless you for your generosity ● I want to thank the following congregations: Reformed Church Trans-Letaba, Phalaborwa, De Hoop, Middle-Letaba, Songozwi, CFC, Malamulele Reformed Church and all the Reformed Churches in Venda, including the Soutpansberg Synod. ● Special thanks to all the professors, especially to Prof Henk Stoker, George Lötter for your words of encouragement, and not forgetting your team for negotiating on my behalf to get extra funds for my studies. Thanks to Mari, Ami, Zine and Annelize for special contribution, I want to thank Pastor MJ Mugovhani and Tambaulate community, and I thank Mashau Pastor’s Forum. ● Thanks to the royal family (Dr GS Mashau and the Mashau royal clan); thank you for your words of encouragement during my studies. ● I thank all my teachers from primary to tertiary level for their patience and guidance. ● To the team at Phinimini Primary School, thanks for your support. To God be the Glory (Thendo dzothe dzi ya kha Yahaweh) Abstract According to research conducted in South Africa, corruption has become the worst enemy that is undermining the rights of South Africans, especially the rights of the poor. The researcher realised that it is of vital importance that this type of problem within South Africa needs urgent attention. The intention of this study is to find effective ways for the churches and NGOs in partnership with the government to work together in their fight against corruption in South Africa. iii After realising the seriousness of the matter, the researcher deemed it to be a need for the country to find not only ways, but rather more effective measures that can help in the fight against corruption. If this matter of corruption is not treated as a matter of urgency, it will destroy a well-fought democracy, and it will lead to the downfall of the South African economy. South Africa has enough resources to support all citizens; unfortunately, corruption is taking most resources that were meant for the development of the country and these are used for personal or private gain. Chapter 1 serves as an introduction and provides a clear definition of corruption. It provides the background as to whether corruption exists or not. Osmer (2008) was used in order to achieve the main aim of finding ways on how best corruption can be rooted out. Chapter 2 is the descriptive empirical task, which consisted of priestly listening, where people were informally interviewed and the information gathered was analyzed. The strategy of enquiry will be life history or narrative research, and case study research. Narrative research focuses on gathering and telling the stories of individuals. Data is gathered through conversations during which people share stories of events in their lives (Osmer, 2008).The method of research will be through interviews, i.e. gathering of verbal data by asking questions. Chapter 3 deals with the interpretive task, and a selective literature study of the human sciences was conducted on criminology and sociology. Chapter 4 consists of the following principles: firstly, God is revealed as a God who provides for His creation. He also wants men to be stewards – servants who serve the people. He gave the government power to rule the country and use the available resources not for private gain, but to help all citizens for the betterment of all South Africans. He also wants His people to work and not to steal. He prohibits all people from stealing or taking one’s properties. iv Secondly, the church must not keep quiet when corruption is taking place in the workplace, both in the private and public sectors. They must speak out in order to curb corruption. Church leaders must teach and preach against corruption practices, and they have to blow the whistle whenever they come across any act of corruption. The government’s role in this regard is to punish all who are involved in the corrupt activities. Chapter 5 is the pragmatic task, which is concerned with servant leadership. Chapter 6 provides a summary and conclusion v Table of contents Contents Declaration ..................................................................................................................................... i Dedication ..................................................................................................................................... ii Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................... ii Abstract ........................................................................................................................................ iii Table of contents ......................................................................................................................... vi Keywords ...................................................................................................................................... 1 Sleutelwoorde ............................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 1 ...................................................................................................................................... 3 1. Introduction and definitions of important terms ..................................................................... 3 1.1 Defining corruption ......................................................................................................... 3 1.1.1 Defining a thief ........................................................................................................ 9 1.1.2 Defining fraud ........................................................................................................ 10 1.1.3 Defining bribery and bribe ..................................................................................... 11 1.1.4
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