AWRAQ De Análisis Y Pensamiento Sobre El Mundo Árabe E Islámico Contemporáneo CONTENIDOS Pág

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AWRAQ De Análisis Y Pensamiento Sobre El Mundo Árabe E Islámico Contemporáneo CONTENIDOS Pág Número 9. Nueva época 1.er semestre de 2014 Número 9. Nueva época 1.er semestre de 2014 RevistaAWRAQ de análisis y pensamiento sobre el mundo árabe e islámico contemporáneo CONTENIDOS Pág. AWRAQRevista de análisis y pensamiento sobre el mundo árabe e CARTA DEL DIRECTOR 3 Número 9. Nueva época islámico contemporáneo 1. EL TEMA: ISLAM HOY Los fundamentos del poder en el islam. Dolors Bramon 5 Historia islámica en la Península Ibérica. Maribel Fierro 19 Las relaciones exteriores de España con el mundo árabe y musulmán durante el siglo XX. Miguel Hernando de Larramendi 39 El nuevo capital árabe: principales actores y oportunidades para España. Jacinto Soler Matutes 55 Desarrollo de la economía y banca islámica: evolución histórica y actualidad europea. Olivia Orozco de la Torre 85 semestre de 2014 Islam político: de la radicalidad a la moderación. Ferran Izquierdo Brichs 105 er 1. Musalas, mezquitas y minaretes: etnografía de las mezquitas en Europa. Jordi Moreras 121 Los orígenes de la institucionalización del islam en España: bases y fundamentos (1900-1992). Sol Tarrés y Javier Rosón 147 2. VARIOS El feminismo islámico. La articulación de un movimiento. Nasara Cabrera Abu 171 Sa‘di Yusuf ( ): desde el Creciente Fértil… hasta Berlín. Rosa-Isabel Martínez Lillo 187 3. LIBROS Rabee Jaber, Los drusos de Belgrado (Nieves Paradela) 201 Ferran Izquierdo Brichs, El islam político en el Mediterráneo. Radiografía de una evolución (Guillem Farrés Fernández) 207 Revista de análisis y pensamiento e islámico contemporáneo el mundo árabe sobre Los sumarios y artículos (en castellano y en las lenguas originales) están disponibles en: www.awraq.es ISSN 0214-834X PVP: 15 € AWRAQRevista de análisis y pensamiento sobre el mundo árabe e islámico contemporáneo AWRAQRevista de análisis y pensamiento sobre el mundo árabe e islámico contemporáneo Boletín de suscripción DIRECCIÓN Eduardo López Busquets, director general de Casa Árabe CONSEJO DE REDACCIÓN Enviar a: Karim Hauser Awraq. Casa Árabe. c/ Samuel de los Santos Gener nº 9. 14003 Córdoba. Correo elec- Amira Kedier trónico: [email protected] Nuria Medina Olivia Orozco Javier Rosón DIRECCIÓN DE ENVÍO DE LA REVISTA Nombre y apellidos: SECRETARÍA DE AWRAQ Institución o empresa (si procede): [email protected] CIF/NIF: Dirección completa: Teléfono: Correo electrónico: CONSEJO CIENTÍFICO M.ª Victoria Alberola Fioravanti Hamurabi Noufouri (Universidad Nacional de Tres de Febrero, Talal Asad (New York University) Buenos Aires) Modalidad de suscripción España Extranjero Dolors Bramon (Universidad de Barcelona) José María Perceval (Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona) 1 año (2 números) 30 € 40 € François Burgat (Institut Français du Proche-Orient, Damasco) James Piscatori (Australian National University) Alfonso Carmona (Universidad de Murcia) Magali Rheault (Gallup Center for Muslim Studies) 2 años (4 números) 60 € 80 € Gonzalo Escribano Francés (UNED) Caridad Ruiz de Almodóvar (Universidad de Granada) John Esposito (Georgetown University) Waleed Saleh (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid) 3 años (6 números) 90 € 120 € Joan Lacomba (Universidad de Valencia) Elias Sanbar (Embajador-delegado permanente de Palestina ante la UNESCO) Saba Mahmood (University of California, Berkeley) Antoni Segura (Universidad de Barcelona) Número suelto (indicar n.º: ) 15 € 20 € Mona Makram-Ebeid (The American University, ElCairo) Oswaldo Serra Truzzi (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, M.ª Antonia Martínez Núñez (Universidad de Málaga) São Paulo) Khadija Mohsen-Finan (IFRI, París) Mohamed Tozy (Université Hassan II, Casablanca) FORMA DE PAGO Transferencia bancaria 0065-0073-26-0031000018 (España). BIC (SWIFT) BARCESMM - ES49-0065-0073-2600-3100-0018, a nombre de Awraq. Revista de análisis y pensamiento sobre el mundo árabe e islámico contemporáneo. Casa Árabe. WEB Y SUSCRIPCIÓN www.awraq.es Fecha: EDITORES Casa Árabe. c/ Alcalá, 62. 28009 Madrid (España) www.casaarabe.es Firma: Nota: los autores son los únicos responsables de las opiniones expresadas en sus respectivos artículos. Cláusula de protección de datos. En ningún caso se destinarán estos datos a otros fines que no sean los Copyright © Casa Árabe © de los textos: sus autores. © de los anuncios: los anunciantes. de recibir las publicaciones señaladas, ni se entregarán a terceras partes, de acuerdo con los principios de Todos los derechos reservados. protección de datos de la Ley orgánica 15/1999 de 13 de diciembre, de regulación del tratamiento auto- Gráfica: Zum Creativos matizado de los datos de carácter personal. ISSN: 0214-834X Depósito legal: M-40073-1978 Imprenta: Imprenta TC Número 9. Nueva época 1.er semestre de 2014 CONTENIDOS Pág. CARTA DEL DIRECTOR 3 1. EL TEMA: ISLAM HOY Los fundamentos del poder en el islam. Dolors Bramon 5 Historia islámica en la Península Ibérica. Maribel Fierro 19 Las relaciones exteriores de España con el mundo árabe y musulmán durante el siglo xx. Miguel Hernando de Larramendi 39 El nuevo capital árabe: principales actores y oportunidades para España. Jacinto Soler Matutes 55 Desarrollo de la economía y banca islámica: evolución histórica y actualidad europea. Olivia Orozco de la Torre 85 Islam político: de la radicalidad a la moderación. Ferran Izquierdo Brichs 105 Musalas, mezquitas y minaretes: etnografía de las mezquitas en Europa. Jordi Moreras 121 Los orígenes de la institucionalización del islam en España: bases y fundamentos (1900-1992). Sol Tarrés y Javier Rosón 147 2. VARIOS El feminismo islámico. La articulación de un movimiento. Nasara Cabrera Abu 171 Sa‘di Yusuf ( ): desde el Creciente Fértil… hasta Berlín. Rosa-Isabel Martínez Lillo 187 3. LIBROS Rabee Jaber, Los drusos de Belgrado (Nieves Paradela) 201 Ferran Izquierdo Brichs, El islam político en el Mediterráneo. Radiografía de una evolución (Guillem Farrés Fernández) 207 3 CARTA DEL DIRECTOR Desde su fundación en 2006, Casa Árabe ha trabajado día a día con los objetivos de tender puentes, reforzar las relaciones políticas bilaterales y multila- terales, fomentar y acompañar las relaciones económicas, culturales y educativas, así como de mejorar, a través de la formación, la comprensión sobre el mundo árabe y musulmán. En los últimos años, los principios de interrelación y conocimiento mu- tuo sobre los que se ha venido construyendo la institución han propiciado innu- merables ocasiones para reflexionar de forma crítica y objetiva sobre todas las va- riables que influyen de una manera u otra en la construcción de múltiples facetas del «islam hoy», generando de esta manera corpus teóricos capaces de interpretar hechos. A raíz de esto, la práctica formativa en estas teorías ha llegado a consti- tuirse en un fin en sí misma; una formación, sin duda instrumental, que viene mejorando el conocimiento y el entendimiento mutuos. En este contexto, donde teoría y praxis van de la mano, se han desarro- llado infinidad de actividades. Por citar las más recientes: los cursos de formación del personal diplomático de la Unidad del Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores y de Cooperación (maec) sobre El islam hoy: fundamentos, prácticas y dimensión internacional; el Seminario de altos estudios sobre comunidades musulmanas en España, en el marco del proyec- to «Journey into Europe: Islam, Immigration and Empire» —una investigación sobre las comunidades musulmanas en el continente, dirigida por el embajador Akbar Ahmed, reconocido profesor y antropólogo de la American University (Washington D. C.)—; o las Noches de Ramadán, una clara apuesta por fomentar el conocimiento mutuo a través de la cultura. Con este nuevo número de Awraq, Casa Árabe presenta un balance entre el presente y el pasado del mundo árabo-islámico; una línea de trabajo que inci- de en la creciente y prioritaria necesidad que Occidente en general, y España en concreto, tiene de conocer el mundo árabe y musulmán, así como el conjunto de dinámicas y transformaciones que este vive en la actualidad. En definitiva, ocho artículos, en su parte temática, de reconocidos investigadores y académicos que abordan aspectos histórico-culturales y religiosos, escenarios políticos actuales, los aspectos económicos más relevantes, así como las distintas dinámicas que pre- sentan el islam y los musulmanes en Europa y en España. Eduardo López Busquets Director general de Casa Árabe AWRAQ n.º9. 2014 5 EL TEMA: ISLAM HOY LOS FUNDAMENTOS DEL PODER EN EL ISLAM1 Dolors Bramon Tal como indica el título, me centraré en el ámbito religioso y, como es obvio, en el del islam, pero creo oportuno rememorar de entrada la ingeniosa frase que suele atribuirse al escritor irlandés Georges B. Shaw cuando decía que «a ingleses y a americanos les separaba el hecho de hablar la misma lengua». Pa- rafraseándola, vale la pena establecer que «judíos, cristianos y musulmanes se separan —y se diferencian— por el hecho de creer en el mismo Dios». Es por ello que creo más conveniente hablar de «maneras de entender a Dios» y no tanto de «religiones», puesto que cada grupo monoteísta entiende el Ser Su- premo a su manera. ¿Cómo lo entienden los musulmanes? ¿Cómo debería fundamentarse, por tanto, el poder político entre ellos? Teniendo en cuenta lo enunciado, un gobierno islámico tendrá que enmarcarse dentro de las coordenadas del islam. Desde la muerte de su iniciador, el profeta Muhammad (632), sus seguidores de- cidieron organizar las creencias que constituyen su doctrina en cinco grandes bloques, llamados pilares, confiriendo al término pilar el sentido de ‘elemento que sostiene y soporta la estructura de la umma o comunidad del islam’. Los cinco pilares del islam El
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